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11/07/10
LESSON 81 DEMON 07 11 2010 FREE ONLINE eNฤlandฤ Research and Practice UNIVERSITY-Thus spoke Ambedkar-Last Message to the people-โ€œWhatever I have done, I have been able to do after passing through crushing miseries and endless struggle all my life and fighting with my opponents. With great difficulty I have brought this caravan where it is seen today. Let the caravan march on despite the hurdles that may come in its way. If my lieutenants are not able to take the caravan ahead they should leave it there, but in no circumstances should they allow the caravan to go back. This is the message to my people.โ€-Anyone Can Attain Eternal Bliss Just Visit:http://sarvajan.ambedkar.org that is part of the MARCH of the CARAVAN from PRABUDDHA BHARATH to PRABUDDHA UNIVERSE for โ€œSarvjan Hitay and Sarvajan Sukhayโ€ i.e., for the Welfare and Happiness of Entire People & all Sentient and Non-Sentient beings-When one has the feeling of dislike for evil, when one feels tranquil, one finds pleasure in listening to good teachings; when one has these feelings and appreciates them, one is free of fear. - Buddha-BUDDHA (EDUCATE)! DHAMMA (MEDITATE)! SANGHA (ORGANISE)!-WISDOM IS POWER
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LESSON 81 DEMON  07 11 2010 FREE ONLINE eNฤlandฤ Research and Practice UNIVERSITY

When one has the feeling of dislike for evil, when one feels tranquil, one finds pleasure in listening to good teachings; when one has these feelings and appreciates them, one is free of fear. - Buddha< ?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = “urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office” />

BUDDHA (EDUCATE)!               DHAMMA (MEDITATE)!             SANGHA (ORGANISE)!

WISDOM          IS         POWER

Awakened One Shows the Path to Attain Ultimate Bliss

COMPUTER IS AN ENTERTAINMENT INSTRUMENT!

INTERNET!

IS

ENTERTAINMENT NET!

TO BE MOST APPROPRIATE!

Using such an instrument

The Free ONLINE e-Nฤlandฤ Research and Practice University has been re-organized to function through the following Schools of Learning :

Buddhaโ€™s Sangha Practiced His Dhamma Free of cost, hence the Free- e-Nฤlandฤ Research and Practice University follows suit

As the Original Nฤlandฤ University did not offer any Degree, so also the Free  e-Nฤlandฤ Research and Practice University.

The teachings of Buddha are eternal, but even then Buddha did not proclaim them to be infallible. The religion of Buddha has the capacity to change according to times, a quality which no other religion can claim to haveโ€ฆNow what is the basis of Buddhism? If you study carefully, you will see that Buddhism is based on reason. There is an element of flexibility inherent in it, which is not found in any other religion.

ยง  Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar , Indian scholar, philosopher and architect of Constitution of India, in his writing and speeches

I.
KAMMA

REBIRTH

AWAKEN-NESS 

BUDDHA

THUS COME ONE

DHAMMA

II.
ARHAT

FOUR HOLY TRUTHS

EIGHTFOLD PATH

TWELVEFOLD CONDITIONED ARISING

BODHISATTVA

PARAMITA

SIX PARAMITAS

III.

SIX SPIRITUAL POWERS

SIX PATHS OF REBIRTH

TEN DHARMA REALMS

FIVE SKANDHAS

EIGHTEEN REALMS

FIVE MORAL PRECEPTS

IV.

MEDITATION

MINDFULNESS

FOUR APPLICATIONS OF MINDFULNESS

LOTUS POSTURE

SAMADHI

CHAN SCHOOL

FOUR JHANAS

FOUR FORMLESS REALMS

V.

FIVE TYPES OF BUDDHIST STUDY AND PRACTICE

MAHAYANA AND HINAYANA COMPARED

PURE LAND

BUDDHA RECITATION

EIGHT CONSCIOUSNESSES

ONE HUNDRED DHARMAS

EMPTINESS

VI.

DEMON

LINEAGE

with

Level I: Introduction to Buddhism

Level II: Buddhist Studies

TO ATTAIN

Level III: Stream-Enterer

Level IV: Once - Returner

Level V: Non-Returner
Level VI: Arhat

Jambudvipa, i.e, PraBuddha Bharath scientific thought in

mathematics,

astronomy,

alchemy,

and

anatomy

Philosophy and Comparative Religions;

Historical Studies;

International Relations and Peace Studies;

Business Management in relation to Public Policy and Development Studies;

Languages and Literature;

and Ecology and Environmental Studies

 Welcome to the Free Online e-Nฤlandฤ Research and Practice University

            Course Programs:

DEMON

Mara (demon)

Mara’s assault on the Buddha (aniconic representation: the Buddha is only symbolized by his throne), 2nd century CE, Amaravati, India.

In Buddhism, Mฤra (Burmese: แ€™แ€ฌแ€›แ€บแ€”แ€แ€บ

) is the demon who tempted Gautama Buddha by trying to seduce him with the vision of beautiful women who, in various legends, are often said to be Mara’s daughters.[1] In Buddhist cosmology, Mara personifies unskillfulness, the “death” of the spiritual life. He is a tempter, distracting humans from practicing the spiritual life by making the mundane alluring or the negative seem positive.

The early Buddhists, however, rather than seeing Mara as a demonic, virtually all-powerful Lord of Evil, regarded him as more of a nuisance. Many episodes concerning his interactions with the Buddha have a decidedly humorous air to them.

In traditional Buddhism four senses of the word “mara” are given.

  • Klesa-mara, or Mara as the embodiment of all unskillful emotions.
  • Mrtyu-mara, or Mara as death, in the sense of the ceaseless round of birth and death.
  • Skandha-mara, or Mara as metaphor for the entirety of conditioned existence.
  • Devaputra-mara, or Mara the son of a deva (god), that is, Mara as an objectively existent being rather than as a metaphor.

Early Buddhism acknowledged both a literal and “psychological” interpretation of Mara. Mara is described both as an entity having a literal existence, just as the various deities of the Vedic pantheon are shown existing around the Buddha, and also is described as a primarily psychological force - a metaphor for various processes of doubt and temptation that obstruct spiritual practice.

“Buddha defying Mara” is a common pose of Buddha sculptures. The Buddha is shown with his left hand in his lap, palm facing upwards and his right hand on his right knee. The fingers of his right hand touch the earth, to call the earth as his witness for defying Mara and achieving enlightenment. This posture is also referred to as the ‘earth-touching’ mudra.

File:Mara demon nat and Buddha.JPG

Mara depicted in the Burmese style, attempting to tempt Buddha.

THE DEMON OF LIGHTNING. A Japanese temple statue.THE DEMON OF THUNDER. A Japanese temple statue.

MARA’S ARMY                   BUDDHA TEMPTED BY MARA’S DAUGHTERS. AN INDIAN WHEEL OF LIFE.
                                                                                                                                       Preserved in the Cave Temples of Ajanta, Central India.
                                                                                                                                       (Reproduced from L. E. Waddell’s picture in the J. R. A, S.)

                                        Gandhara sculptures. (Reproduced from Grรผnwedel.)

A TIBETAN WHEEL OF LIFE. (Reproduced from Bastian.)           A JAPANESE WHEEL OF LIFE. (Reproduced from Bastian.)

MEIFU, THE DARK TRIBUNAL.
(Reproduced from a colored Japanese illustration in
 Karma.)  KONGO, THE SHERIFF.       EMMA, THE JUDGE.
                                                                                                  Carved wood, Japanese. (Reproduced from a Japanese art print.

THE DEVIL AS A MONK.
Japanese wood carving of the seventeenth century. Musรฉe Guimet.)

ONI-NO-NEMBUTZU.
The demon repeating Buddha’s name, representing greed and hypocrisy. He goes about with a subscription list and a bowl, carried by his little assistant, to collect money.
(After a wood carving in the author’s possession.)

Click to view
HONO KURUMA, THE CART OF HELL, (After an old Japanese painting.)

TIBETAN DEVIL’S ALTAR. (From Waddell.)

BUDDHA EXTENDING HIS HELP TO A SUFFERER IN HELL.
The goodwill that a poor wretch had shown in his former life to a spider, his only good deed, serves him in hell as a means of escape. (Reproduced from a colored Japanese illustration in
 Karma.)

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