Free Online FOOD for MIND & HUNGER - DO GOOD 😊 PURIFY MIND.To live like free birds 🐦 🦢 🦅 grow fruits 🍍 🍊 🥑 🥭 🍇 🍌 🍎 🍉 🍒 🍑 🥝 vegetables 🥦 🥕 🥗 🥬 🥔 🍆 🥜 🎃 🫑 🍅🍜 🧅 🍄 🍝 🥗 🥒 🌽 🍏 🫑 🌳 🍓 🍊 🥥 🌵 🍈 🌰 🇧🇧 🫐 🍅 🍐 🫒Plants 🌱in pots 🪴 along with Meditative Mindful Swimming 🏊‍♂️ to Attain NIBBĀNA the Eternal Bliss.
Kushinara NIBBĀNA Bhumi Pagoda White Home, Puniya Bhumi Bengaluru, Prabuddha Bharat International.
Categories:

Archives:
Meta:
February 2009
M T W T F S S
« Jan   Mar »
 1
2345678
9101112131415
16171819202122
232425262728  
02/26/09
Government fails to move reservation bill -
Filed under: General
Posted by: site admin @ 10:42 pm



Kanshi Ram’s legacy

He gave Aboriginal Inhabitants
of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddhs Bharath a voice and the ways and
means to be empowered by acquiring the Master Key.

http://www.kalachuvadu.com/issue-83/images/kanshi_ram.jpg

http://www.lifeinlegacy.com/2006/1014/RamKanshi.jpghttp://www.outlookindia.com/images/kanshi_ram_thumb_061009.jpg

Symbol- BSP -Bahujan Samaj Party, India

http://especial.caminhodasindias.globo.com/files/602/2008/11/kumari1.jpghttp://images.onesite.com/my.telegraph.co.uk/user/peter_foster/maykumari.jpghttp://www.marieclaire.com/cm/marieclaire/images/MCXyear-of-the-woman-1208-7-med-21242308.jpghttp://english.aljazeera.net/mritems/images/2007/5/12/1_219475_1_5.jpghttp://www.hindu.com/af/india60/images/2007081550170502.jpghttp://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/39940000/jpg/_39940741_mayawati203.jpghttp://www.standaard.be/Assets/Images_Upload/2008/01/15/BIBU15_G861MI16L.1+mayawati.jpghttp://rulers.org/mayaw.jpg



comments (0)
02/24/09
LESSON 8-VOTE BSP ELEPHANT FOR CHANGE FOR THE BETTER Entire Jetavana spread by Gold to the Mighty Great Mind was bought ! For spreading Ultimate Bliss through welfare activities of the all the living sentient and non-sentient beings lot! Rs.36 Crores towards Income Tax for Rs.900 Crores is Ms Mayawati,s Birthday Gift ! But it is enough Not ! For equal distribution of Rs.9,53,231 of the Nation’s Budget ! That is to be got through Sarvajans’ Vote ! For the peace, welfare and happiness of all including the Have-not ! Hence for BSP Elephant you Vote ! [Bahujan Samaj Party Flag] Image:Bahujansamajpartysymbol.pngBahujan Samaj Party FOR SELF RESPECT! GET A VOTE AND A NOTE! FOR BSP! DONT WAIT BUT BAIT! TO GRAB THE MASTER KEY! MIGHTY GREAT MINDS Kanshi Ram’s legacy He gave Aboriginal Inhabitants of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddhs Bharath a voice and the ways and means to be empowered by acquiring the Master Key. http://www.kalachuvadu.com/issue-83/images/kanshi_ram.jpg http://www.lifeinlegacy.com/2006/1014/RamKanshi.jpghttp://www.outlookindia.com/images/kanshi_ram_thumb_061009.jpg Symbol- BSP -Bahujan Samaj Party, India http://especial.caminhodasindias.globo.com/files/602/2008/11/kumari1.jpghttp://images.onesite.com/my.telegraph.co.uk/user/peter_foster/maykumari.jpghttp://www.marieclaire.com/cm/marieclaire/images/MCXyear-of-the-woman-1208-7-med-21242308.jpghttp://english.aljazeera.net/mritems/images/2007/5/12/1_219475_1_5.jpghttp://www.hindu.com/af/india60/images/2007081550170502.jpghttp://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/39940000/jpg/_39940741_mayawati203.jpghttp://www.standaard.be/Assets/Images_Upload/2008/01/15/BIBU15_G861MI16L.1+mayawati.jpghttp://rulers.org/mayaw.jpg [See this images in original context] Make me PM Write Down on the Wall was Dr. Ambedkar’s Sign ! Two Thousand Nine ! Will Be Mine ! - Says Ms Mayawati Bahen ! Now is all that you have! By voting for BSP, the Nation you save! 2008 Bahen Mayawati the UttarPradesh Chief Minister ! Map of the Maurya Empire under Ashoka’s rule. 2009 Prabuddha Bharatha Matha the Prime Minister !-C.M. greets Oscar award winner A.R. Rehman and Pinki-
Filed under: General
Posted by: site admin @ 10:13 am

LESSON 8




HIGH PROFILE OF THE MIGHTY GREAT MIND

Ms. MAYAWATI
Chief Minister, Uttar Pradesh
Life History: At A Glance 

 

Full
Name

Kumari Mayawati (Mayawati Miss)

 

·          
Member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative
Council; resigned from the membership of parliament (
Rajya
Sabha) after being sworn in as Chief Minister of
Uttar Pradesh on May 13, 2007;

·          
National President, Bahujan
Samaj Party (BSP), one of the prominent national
political parties of India;

·          
Serving fourth time as Chief Minister of
Uttar Pradesh, the most-populated, politically most important and intensely
conservative state of
India.

People
affectionately call

Bahanji’ (Honourable Sister)

Father’s
name

Mr. Prabhu Das, who retired from
the Indian Government’s Postal Department as a section head.

Mother’s name

Mrs. Ramrati (housewife), who provided economic sustenance
to the family through her untiring efforts, and despite not being literate,
took keen interest in education of all her children and made them capable
in life.

Date
of Birth

15 January, 1956.

Place
of Birth

Shrimati Sucheta Kriplani Hospital (formerly known as
Lady Harding Hospital), New Delhi

In
Father’s Family

Six brothers and
two sisters (besides herself)

Her
own family

First it was entire
Bahujan Samaj’, now it
is Sarva Samaj, people
belonging to all section of the society.

Her
Everything

Dedicated to
welfare of majority deprived section of the society.

Dearest
to heart

Welfare and
empowerment of “oppressed, depressed and exploited” section of the society,

Political
Goal

Turn “Bahujan Samaj” into a ruling
class by capturing country’s power centre and authority through votes.

Ancestral
Village

Badalpur, District Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar
Pradesh

Field
of Action

Initially Uttar
Pradesh and later the entire
India

Things
fond of

Normal light Indian
cuisine; attracted towards natural environment and extremely fond of
cleanliness.

Marital
Status

Have taken a vow to
remain unmarried to dedicate her entire life whole-heartedly and devotedly
to serve the cause and interest of the people of
Bahujan
Samaj and poor of High Castes and to work towards
their social, educational and economic emancipation.

Educational
Status

Bachelor of Arts,
Bachelor of Education and Bachelor of Laws (LL.B),

1. B.A. from Kalindi College, Delhi University,
2.
B.Ed. BMLG College, Ghaziabad, Meerut University,
3. Law Degree from the
Delhi University

Occupation

Lawyer, Political
and social activist

Permanent
Address

C-57, Indrapuri, New Delhi-110012

Present
Address

C-1/12, Humayun Road, New Delhi-110003

Phone
Nos.

011-24616606/
24616607

Political
And Administrative Experience:

November
1989

Both she and the
party, the BSP made debut in Parliament. Won
Bijnore
(reserved) Lok Sabha
seat in Uttar Pradesh in the Ninth General Elections of 1989.

April
1994

Elected to the Rajya Sabha from Uttar
Pradesh, signaling her debut, as also of the party, in the Upper House of
Indian Parliament.

June
1995

In
1995, Ms.
Mayawati created history by becoming
Indian’s first Dalit woman chief minister,
heading first Bahujan Samaj
Party (Majority People’s Party) government in
India’s most-populated state of Uttar Pradesh.

Became
Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, the largest state of
India in
terms of population 4-times :

 

(1) 1995 : 3rd June, 1995 to 18th October, 1995

 

(2) 1997 : 21st March, 1997 to 20th September, 1997

 

(3) 2002 : 3rd May, 2002 to 26th August, 2003

 

(4) 2007 : 13th May, 2007 till date

1996-98

Elected as a
legislator. Elected from the two different constituencies of Uttar Pradesh—
Harora (reserved) in Saharanpur district and Bilsi (reserved) in Budaun
district. Represented the constituency of Harora
in the state assembly, resigning from Bilsi seat
as per the law.

21st March, 1997

Became Chief
Minister of Uttar Pradesh for the second time.

February
1998

Elected for the
second time in the 12th
Lok Sabha elections from Uttar Pradesh’s
Akbarpur (reserved) parliamentary constituency in
Ambedkar Nagar
district.

February
1999

Elected for the
third time in the 13th
Lok Sabha
elections from Akbarpur (reserved) constituency.

14th April, 1999

Senior journalist
Mohammad
Jamil Akhter’s
book, entitled “Iron Lady Kumari Mayawati”, was released by Mr. Kanshi
Ram Ji at a grand function in New Delhi on the occasion of
Dr.
Ambedkar’s birth anniversary.

3rd June, 2000

Release of her own
book, “
Bahujan Samaj Aur Uski Rajniti
(Bahujan Samaj and its
Politics) by Mr. Kanshi Ram Ji
at a function in New Delhi’s Talkatora stadium on the occasion of the fifth
anniversary of the first ‘Bahujan Samaj’ government in Uttar Pradesh.

15th December, 2001

BSP architect and
founder,
Manyawar Shri Kanshi Ram Ji, declared her
as the sole heir and political successor of him and the Bahujan Movement” at a grand rally in the Lakshman Mela ground on the
bank of river Gomti in the Uttar Pradesh capital Lucknow.

February
2002

Re-elected as a
legislator in the Uttar Pradesh assembly elections. Was declared a winner
from the two constituencies—
Harora (reserved) in Saharanpur district and Jahangirganj (reserved) in Ambedkar
Nagar District. Represented Harora
seat and resigned from Jahangirganj seat.

March,
2002

Resigned from Akbarpur (reserved) Lok Sabha seat.

3rd May, 2002

Became Chief
Minister of Uttar Pradesh for the third time

18th September, 2003

Assumed the office
of
Bahujan Samaj
Party’s National President after Mr. Kanshi Ram Ji suddenly fell seriously ill following a brain
stroke.

April-May,
2004

Elected for the
fourth time in the 14th
Lok Sabha elections from Akbarpur
(reserved) seat in Uttar Pradesh

July
2004

After resigning
from the
Lok Sabha,
elected for the second time as a member of the Rajya
Sabha for a six-year term from Uttar Pradesh.

27th August, 2006

Re-elected as
National President of the
Bahujan Samaj Party unanimously in an All India Delegate
Conference held at Lucknow.

13th May, 2007

Was administered
oath for the office of the Chief Minister, Uttar Pradesh fourth time after
her party registered a comfortable majority win in the general elections
for the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, trouncing
Samajwadi
party, BJP and the Congress.

3rd July, 2007

Joined as member of
the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council after elected unopposed in the
by-election for the upper house of the state legislature. Declared that she
chose to become MLC as she wish to concentrate on the development of all
the 403 assembly constituencies of state assembly rather than my
constituency
only …. I am not Mr. Mulayam Singh Yadav, who had
diverted all the funds to develop his home area only.

Book writing (for missionary objectives):

 

(1) Bahujan Samaj Aur Uski Rajniti
(October 2000)

(2) Bahujan Samaj Aur Uski Rajniti,
English (October 2001)

(3) Mere Sangarshmai Jeevan Evam Bahujan Movement Ka Safarnama, three-volume over 3300 pages book, first two
part of which was released by BSP founder Manyawar
Shri Kanshi Ram Ji on 15th January, 2006 on the occasion of 50th birth
anniversary of Ms. Mayawati Ji.

(4) A Travelogue of
My struggle-ridden life and of
Bahujan Samaj, English, two volume book released on 15th March,
2008 on the birth anniversary of Mamnyawar Shri Kanshi Ram Ji.

Social
& Cultural activities

To serve the
country’s real natives—-Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward
Classes (
OBCs) and religious minorities—and
encourage activities for their overall development.

Special
Inclination

Educate and organise the poor, oppressed and impoverished sections
of the society to fight for their legal and constitutional rights.

Life’s
Aim

To remain engaged
in the fight for “social transformation and economic liberation” of the
Bahujan Samaj” so that about
85 per cent people of India’s more than a
hundred
crore population, representing the “Bahujan Samaj”, could be
brought in the national mainstream. Poor of other sections of the society
are also to be educationally and economically uplifted.

Foreign
Travels

(1) Visited Canada, Denmark, France, Japan, Switzerland, Korea and Taiwan in the capacity of
the Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister

(2) London: To inaugurate the
Dr.
Bhimrao Ambedkar
Memorial Community Centre as Bahujan Samaj Party National Vice-President

(3) As a
representative of
India, addressed the UN
General Assembly while participating in an international seminar on the
topic, “Democracy through Partnership between Men and Women”,
organised by the Inter Parliamentary Union (IPU) on 7th June, 2000 in New York, USA

Other
Information

As a teacher
(government employee), remained associated with BAMCEF—The All India
Backward (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Castes) and
Minority Communities Employees Federation since 1977. Entered politics
through the
Bahujan Samaj
Party, set up on 14 April, 1984. At present,
National President of the
Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP).

Spotlight:

(1) “NEWSWEEK”
Lists Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Ms.
Mayawati
Among World’s Top Eight Women/New York, America, October 15, 2007: US news magazine
NEWSWEEK has listed firebrand Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister
Mayawati among eight women leaders worldwide who have
reached the top despite all odds. Narrating her struggle briefly, Ms. Mayawati said: “I like the competition and I like to
win.”

(2) Queen of the Dalits…….emerging even as potential Prime Minister/
Profile/ “TIME” news Magazine 2 page news story on April 14, 2008 issue.

Make me PM

Write Down on the Wall was Dr. Ambedkar’s Sign !

Two Thousand Nine !

Will Be Mine !

- Says Ms Mayawati Bahen !

Now is all that you have!

By voting for BSP, the Nation you save!

2008 Bahen Mayawati the UttarPradesh Chief Minister !

 

Map of the Maurya Empire under Ashoka's rule.Ashoka the GreatAshoka the Great’s symbol, the ashoka chakra, is featured in the center of the flag of India.
Ashoka's first rock inscription at Girnar

Ashoka’s first rock inscription at Girnar

Silver punch-mark coins of the Mauryan empire bear Buddhist symbols such as the dharma wheel, the elephant (previous form of the Buddha), the tree under which enlightenment happened, and the burial mound where the Buddha died (third century B.C.E.)

Silver punch-mark coins of the Mauryan empire
bear Buddhist symbols such as the dharma wheel, the elephant (previous
form of the Buddha), the tree under which enlightenment happened, and
the burial mound where the Buddha died (third century B.C.E.)

The Great Stupa at Sanchi, India, a Buddhist monument built by Ashoka the Great in the third century B.C.E.

A fragment of the sixth pillar of Ashoka, now in the British Museum

A fragment of the sixth pillar of Ashoka, now in the British Museum

2009 Prabuddha Bharatha Matha the Prime Minister !

Ashoka the Great

Three decades after Alexander’s fateful push into the subcontinent,
an Indian emperor renounced violence and tried to rule according to the
teachings of the Buddha. Even his failures have lessons for us today.

IN 326 BC, eight years after he set out to conquer
the world, Alexander reached India. Given to extreme cruelty throughout
his long campaign eastward from Macedonia, he showed signs of rapid
mental decay as he got closer to the Indian plains. He killed one of
his closest commanders with his own hands during a drunken quarrel.
When the historian Callisthenes (a nephew of Aristotle) refused to
abase himself, Alexander had him imprisoned and probably murdered.

Then
one day in northwest India he came across some ascetics, probably
followers of the Buddha, who had lived in the country east of the
Ganges roughly two centuries previously. According to the Greek
historian Arrian, the ascetics beat their feet on the ground as
Alexander passed. When asked what this meant, they replied that
Alexander, for all his conquests, occupied no more ground than that
covered by the soles of his two feet. Like everyone else, he, too, was
mortal, “except that you are ambitious and reckless, traversing such a
vast span of land, so remote from your home, enduring troubles and
inflicting them upon others.”

Alexander has attracted the
attention of chroniclers from Plutarch to Oliver Stone, who have often
praised him as the cosmopolitan bearer of a great civilization. But
much less has been written about the much more extraordinary reign of
the Indian emperor Ashoka (304-232 BC), who was almost lost to history
until amateur British scholars in the 19th century deciphered the
imperial edicts he had engraved on rocks and stone and iron pillars
across India.

Born only 30 years after Alexander embarked on his
improbably successful invasion of Asia, Ashoka was not only the first
great ruler to reject the glory of violent conquest, but also the first
to apply the teachings of the Buddha to politics and governance. As
H.G. Wells put it in his “Short History of the World” (1922), “Amidst
the tens of thousands of names of monarchs that crowd the columns of
history . . . the name of Ashoka shines, and shines almost alone.”

School
textbooks in India today describe how Ashoka converted to Buddhism
after an especially bloody campaign and proclaimed a state policy based
on compassion, nonviolence and tolerance — Buddhist ideas that would
spread across Asia, from China to Indonesia to Japan, in the next two
millennia. But Ashoka seems to have been only partly successful in
combining Buddhism with statecraft. Buddhists in the centuries since
have not always been immune to the corruptions of political power and
ideology, and it remains unclear today whether the Dalai Lama’s
admirable commitment to nonviolence makes him an effective political
campaigner for Tibetan independence from Chinese rule.

Nevertheless,
as debate over the proper relationship between church and state rages
in various places around the globe, the examples of Ashoka and the
Dalai Lama, among others, suggest that Buddhism, with its absence of
dogma and emphasis on dialogue and nonviolence, offers an ethical basis
for both governance and political protest in large pluralistic
communities, and that it may be more immune to theocratic zeal than
most other major religions. . . .The Buddha himself was no political
theorist. Unlike Plato, he seems neither to have given much advice to
the major rulers of his time nor to have criticized the political
systems they presided over. But his lack of theoretical passion was due
to a wider and deeper political experience. In his travels across
northern India, the Buddha seems to have known more political forms –
republics, monarchies, and then, just before his death, empire — than
Plato, who was familiar only with the polis. He preferred to
address the question of what constitutes the ruler’s right to rule,
what made the exercise of his power legitimate. Unlike the theorists of
ancient India who claimed divine sanction for kingship, the Buddha, who
was an agnostic, did not find the ruler’s legitimacy in some
transcendent realm. The king was originally a human being like any
other, who had been exalted by human beings and by his own actions, and
who had more duties than rights.

As the many stories about the ideal king and
government in the Jataka Tales, a compendium of Buddhist stories,
attest, righteousness served as the only proper basis for the ruler’s
authority. His realm had to be free of oppression and hospitable to all
classes of society, townsmen as well as villagers, religious teachers
as well as birds and beasts. Another Buddhist text, the Kutudanta
Sutra, even outlined a social and economic ethic, which resembles the
program for a liberal capitalist welfare state: subsidies of food and
seed-corn to farmers, adequate wages and food to people in government
services, and investment capital to merchants and tradesmen.

Ashoka
was not ideally placed to be a Buddhist Keynesian. His grandfather,
Chandragupta Maurya, had like Alexander won his vast empire, which at
its height stretched from central India to parts of what is now
Pakistan and Afghanistan, through military strength and skill. To wield
absolute, centralized power from his capital, Pataliputra (now Patna in
the state of Bihar), Chandragupta maintained a large army and built up
a ruthlessly efficient bureaucracy and spy network. Peace still eluded
his empire by the time Ashoka took over around 269 BC.

Empire
constantly demands fresh resources, and generates new enemies, which
means more conquests and suppressions. Following this imperative, in
the ninth year of his reign, Ashoka attacked the state of Kalinga, now
Orissa on the eastern coast of India, possibly looking for a sea route
for trade.

It was during the conquest of Kalinga that Ashoka
confronted for the first time the human devastation of war. According
to the most famous of Ashoka’s edicts, some 150,000 people were
deported, and 100,000 killed in the successful battles for Kalinga.
This edict declared, “When an independent country is conquered . . .
those who dwell there . . . all suffer violence, murder, and separation
from their loved ones. Even those who are fortunate to have escaped and
whose love is undiminished suffer from the misfortunes of their
friends, acquaintances, colleagues and relatives.”

Such concern
for the fate of ordinary lives caught up in war was rare in ancient
India. The epic “Mahabharata” records a violence that is chillingly
impersonal: the deaths of hundreds of thousands of nameless people, all
deemed expendable by men pursuing power. But Ashoka could see how war
brings about the “participation of all men in suffering.” His
contrition, as expressed in the edicts, was profound.

“Today, if
a hundredth or a thousandth part of those who suffered in Kalinga were
to be killed, to die, or to be taken captive, it would be very grievous
to [Ashoka] . . . [who] desires safety, self-control, justice, and
happiness for all beings . . . [and] considers that the greatest of all
victories is the victory of dharma [law].”

In his edicts, Ashoka made imperative the practice
of honesty, truthfulness, compassion, mercifulness, and nonviolence in
his administration. He claimed to set “no store by fame or glory.” As
the first pillar edict put it, “This world and the other are hard to
gain without great love of righteousness, great self-examination, great
obedience, and great circumspection, great effort.” He relaxed the
severe restrictions on travel and occupation introduced by his
grandfather. His edicts advocated concord and courteous dialogue
between religions and communities. He planted trees, dug wells, and
constructed rest houses for travelers. He told his officials to attend
closely to the sufferings and joys of his subjects, particularly the
poor.

However, as Romila Thapar, the leading historian of ancient
India, has pointed out, Ashoka did not convert immediately to Buddhism
after the conquest of Kalinga. Nor did he renounce empire and become a
monk, as some Buddhist texts claim. Buddhism, which was still one of
many religious and philosophical sects in India, did not even become
the official religion. Ashoka came to the Buddha’s teachings gradually,
over two and half years, as he said in one of his inscriptions, and
then he applied them selectively.

While Ashoka’s dharma had
much in common with the virtuous conduct that the Buddha preached, it
was mostly his own invention — a way of requiring the state to
incarnate a higher morality that would appeal equally to, and thus
unite, the multi-religious, multicultural subjects of his vast empire.
Indeed, Ashoka himself was only partly faithful to Buddhist teachings
and couldn’t have been otherwise while holding down an empire. He did
not abolish capital punishment, or reduce his army, or grant his
subject peoples greater autonomy by federalizing his empire. In fact,
he instituted a new centralized bureaucracy, dharma-mahamatras (”officers of dharma“), to supervise his Buddhist reforms.

It’s
unlikely that the Buddha, though himself born to the ruling class,
would have approved of an imperial bureaucracy in his name. He
preferred small political communities, such as the republic his father
occasionally led, in which all members shared the power of decision
making. But, in his lifetime, he witnessed the emergence of large
impersonal states and saw how they exposed many people to a sense of
powerlessness and insecurity. He hoped that the Buddhist sangha,
or monastic order, would base itself near urban centers and help give
many newly uprooted people there a sense of spiritual community and
tradition.

The Buddha’s ideals of self-examination, austerity,
and compassion look naive and unpersuasive when compared to the
dominant political institutions and ideologies of the modern, secular
era — the heavily armed nation-states and hyper-competitive globalized
economies committed to the endless growth of human desires. Indeed,
Buddhists themselves have often betrayed the Buddha’s teachings while
straying into the realm of modern realpolitik. In early 20th
century Japan and in Sri Lanka in the 1980s and `90s, many Buddhist
monks succumbed to the lure of modern nationalism and militarism. At
the same time, Mahatma Gandhi, though not himself a Buddhist, gave
fresh relevance to the principles of nonviolence and dialogue, and has
inspired in our own time such Buddhist campaigners against tyranny as
the Dalai Lama, Aung San Su Kyi of Myanmar, and Maha-Ghosananda of
Cambodia.

It may be that the Buddha’s agnostic and undogmatic
worldview accommodates more easily than the revealed religions the
plurality of human belief and discourse found in the world. Preoccupied
with individual ethics in everyday life, it breeds a suspicion of
abstract political projects. Certainly, in exhorting both himself and
his subjects to moral discipline and effort, Ashoka proves, in
retrospect, to have been much more pragmatic than the sentimental
humanitarians of modern times who believe that democracy and freedom
can be imposed by force.

Perhaps Ashoka could only be a noble
failure in trying to apply the Buddha’s ideas to such an essentially
un-Buddhistic entity as empire. He himself may have been aware of his.
“It is hard to do good,” he admitted in one of his edicts. And it was
also easy, he knew, to grow blind to the consequences of one’s actions.
Today, as we witness the great violence and chaos caused by those
claiming to be good men fighting evil, Ashoka’s self-doubt can only
seem salutary.

“One only notices one’s good deeds, thinking, `I
have done good,”‘ he observed, “but on the other hand one does not
notice one’s wicked deeds, thinking `I have done evil,’ or `This is
indeed a sin.’ Now, to be aware of this is something really difficult.”

Pankaj
Mishra’s new book, from which portions of this article are adapted, is
“An End to Suffering: The Buddha in the World” (Farrar, Straus and
Giroux).




Press Information Bureau

(C.M. Information Campus)
Information & Public Relations Department, U.P.

C.M. greets Oscar award winner

A.R. Rehman and Pinki

Lucknow: February 23, 2009

The Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Ms. Mayawati has greeted
the country’s renowned music director Mr. A.R. Rehman on his
winning the Oscar awards for composing excellent music in the
‘Slumdog Millionaire’. She has also greeted other artistes.
The C.M. has also greeted Pinki, as the documentary based
on her life ‘Smile Pinki’, has won Oscar award. Eight-year old
Pinki belongs to Rampur Dhabahi village in Mirzapur district of
the State and treated as a social outcast because of cleft lip. She
said that the documentary film depicted the saga of Pinki that
won the coveted award and brought laurels for the State. She
said that people should sympathise with children having such
problems, so that their confidence remained unaffected. She said
that because of this documentary, the non-descript village had
become famous globally.

Prime Ministerial
candidate, Ms. Mayawati,  aspirant of the coveted post, is
playing the hard ball. Proving her jealous critics wrong,  Her adamant refusal to lead the
formation and power claim of Third Front has confused her silent
admirers even though her strident supporters remain unperturbed by it.
BSP’s stint of successful electoral strategies and political tactics in
this decade under the leadership of Mayawati makes it difficult to
question wisdom of her decisions. Her judgment is driven by many
considerations.

BSP’s
aggressive approach to make a dent into S.P.’s Muslim support base, will prove successful, and spell a doom on Mulayam-Amar duo. The Aboriginal Inhabitants of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath-Brahmin-Muslim equation is undefeatable in U.P that can gift BSP
more than 75 seats in the state. 



The First Noble Truth

The Four Noble Truths



The Third Noble Truth

The Fourth Noble Truth


The 4 Noble Truths


The Second Noble Truth

About


1 | 2 | 3 | 4              Get professional
website design
from Crunch42. Directory.


 
        Home      Next

The First Noble Truth

THE EXISTENCE OF IMPERMANENCE

“Dukkha”


Nothing
lasts forever. When you understand this it makes it easier to not
be so attached to what you’re experiencing.
So when you’re experiencing something you think is bad, you can relax
in the knowledge that nothing bad lasts forever. Similarly, when
you’re
experiencing
happiness
you can also realize that nothing good lasts forever. Why would
you want to do that? Because it helps you to be more aware of how
you’re reacting to your experiences at all times.



Home | Next       


 
  Previous      Home      Next

The Second Noble Truth

THE ARISING OF SUFFERING BECAUSE OF CRAVING

“Samudaya”


Craving sensory stimulation, craving existence, and craving non-existence
give rise to the “continuity of being” (the tendency to
confuse reality with your perception of reality), and with
it its attendant suffering. Say you
want something and you don’t get it–you’d get sad or frustrated.
But say you want something and you do get it.
Eventually you’ll get bored with it and you’ll
start wanting something
else. And so you start all over again. And that’s a bummer.



Previous | Home
| Next       


 
  Previous      Home      Next

The Third Noble Truth

THE CESSATION OF SUFFERING

“Nirodha”


You can end eternal suffering by ending the craving that leads to the
continuation of suffering. Remember that suffering
is caused by endlessly wanting what you can’t have.
So if you can stop this endless wanting, you won’t
suffer anymore. That’s not to say that you won’t ever
feel pained or sad (or happy or ecstatic) ever again.
It’s just that it won’t be part of an endless cycle
of wanting–not getting–being sad–wanting again.



Previous | Home
| Next       


 


Right Concentration
Right Speech
Right Thought
Right Understanding
Right Action
Right Livelihood
Right Effort
Right Mindfulness
Previous      Home

The Fourth Noble Truth

THE MIDDLE WAY, or THE NOBLE EIGHTFOLD PATH

“Magga”


So how do you end eternal craving? Just live by the ideals
of the Noble
Eightfold
Path.
The Path is grounded in a program of meditation. It delineates a plan of
self-discipline regarding ethical
conduct,
mental
discipline,
and wisdom. The Path avoids two extremes–the pursuit of complete and

ultimate sensory pleasure, or the pursuit of utter self-denial. Click
on a number above (will open in a popup).



 


Previous | Home       

1. Right Understanding

This precept can be thought of as the thorough knowledge and understanding
of the Four
Noble Truths
as a whole. It’s the kind of understanding that comes
through personal experience. That
means that it doesn’t matter if you read ten books on Buddhism and can recite
things from memory. You need to feel it and know it in your bones. This
usually takes

repeated
exposure
to the knowledge, contemplation of the knowledge, and regular practice of
the “spiritual exercises”. Don’t be hard on yourself if it takes you a long
time to come to understand Right
Understanding
from
the inside out. At the same time, that’s not an excuse to slack off. Right
understanding
is
a facet of
wisdom.



Skull

1 | 2 | 3
| 4 | 5 | 6
| 7 | 8

2. Right Thought

Right Thought is a facet of wisdom (Right
Understanding
is another). Selfless renunciation,
detachment, love and nonviolence, these thoughts are extended
to all beings.

When this is lacking, however, as in such as thoughts based on selfish desire,
hatred and violence, it is a sign that one is lacking in wisdom.



Skull

1 | 2 | 3
| 4 | 5 | 6
| 7 | 8

3. Right Speech

Don’t tell lies. Don’t be catty, malicious, vicious, slanderous
or libelous in your conversation. Don’t delight in salacious rumor-mongering.
Why? Because these things bring about disharmony in your relationships with
people. When you speak in these ways with others rather than truthfully and
down-to-earth, it sets up a relationship between you and other people that’s
based on untruths. You may be in control of these untruths at first, but eventually,
they take on a life of their own, and you’ll start to get caught in your own
web of deception and mean-spiritedness. Stay away from harsh and malicious
language.
Foaming at the mouth is to be avoided. Speak carefully and appropriately. Ethical
conduct is based on Right Speech.



Skull

1 | 2 | 3
| 4 | 5 | 6
| 7 | 8

4. Right Action

This precept is similar to Christianity’s Ten Commandments. Right
Action
tells people not to kill, not to steal, to be honest, and
to have
“appropriate” sexual
intercourse (though I would say that
what
constitutes
appropriate
varies from culture to culture–and here’s a link
about what the 14th Dalai Lama has said about homosexuality
).

Ethical conduct is rooted in Right
Action
.
And as with true ethical conduct, it takes the development of a kind of
“moral compass” to know what constitutes Right Action.
But basically, it means not to do things that you know cause suffering for
yourself or others.



Skull

1 | 2 | 3
| 4 | 5 | 6
| 7 | 8

5. Right Livelihood

This precept basically directs people not to make money through harming
others. For example, typical Buddhist careers would probably not include
arms dealers, crystal
meth dealers,
butchers,
or chemical
company executives.

Right Livelihood is a facet of ethical conduct.



Skull

1 | 2 | 3
| 4 | 5 | 6
| 7 | 8

6. Right Effort

It takes a lot of persistence to prevent unharmonious states
of mind from coming to be. Right Effort is a Mental Discipline
and it involves persisting in your efforts to live your life in keeping with
the ideals of the Noble Eightfold Path (also known as the Middle Way).

Don’t
be too rough on yourself when you catch yourself having messed up somehow.
Just pick yourself up, dust yourself off, and then gently but firmly set
yourself back in the right direction. Practice makes poifect!



Skull

1 | 2 | 3
| 4 | 5 | 6
| 7 | 8

7. Right Mindfulness (or Attentiveness)

You should be ever aware of what your body is doing, what you sense and feel,
and what your mind is thinking about. You should attempt to be detached from
these things, however. Merely notice them as they happen, and don’t get all caught
up in, say, that fantasy you love to replay in your head whenever you smell watermelon-scented
body lotion. Right Mindfulness is a mental discipline.



Skull

1 | 2 | 3
| 4 | 5 | 6
| 7 | 8

8. Right Concentration

This precept points to the various modes of meditation and also other practices
used to strengthen mental discipline. A very common practice is “Noticing
One’s Breath”, in which, sitting comfortably with your back upright,
you notice your breath as it goes in and out, in and out. You also come
to notice
that your mind is a nonstop whirlwind of disjoint thought, and with continued
meditation the mind tends to calm down and clear up.

It’s been said that
the main thing that the Buddha introduced to the spiritual practices
of his day was the practice of Vipassana meditation (or noticing-the-breath-meditation)
in order to bring about enlightenment.

Congratulations!
You are now enlightened! Just kidding. Now go meditate.



Skull

1 | 2 | 3
| 4 | 5 | 6
| 7 | 8

http://www.thubtenchodron.org/Links/index.html#QuickLinks
http://www.dhammasociety.org/mds/content/view/89/36/
http://www.urbandharma.org/udharma2/becono5.html

Buddhist
Economics

A
Middle Way for the Market Place

…Ven.
P. A. Payutto…

 

Chapter Five

 

Teachings
on Economics from the Buddhist Scriptures

The
Buddhist teachings on economics are scattered throughout the
Scriptures among teachings on other subjects. A teaching on
mental training, for example, may include guidelines for economic
activity, because in real life these things are all interconnected.
Thus, if we want to find the Buddhist teachings on economics,
we must extract them from teachings on other subjects.

   
Although the Buddha never specifically taught about the subject
of economics, teachings about the four requisites — food, clothing,
shelter and medicine — occur throughout the Pali Canon. In
essence, all of the teachings concerning the four requisites
are teachings on economics.

 

The
Monastic
Order

The
Books of Discipline for the Monastic Order stipulate the attitude
and conduct Buddhist monks and nuns are to adopt toward the
four requisites. As mendicants, monks and nuns depend entirely
on donations for their material needs. The Discipline lays down
guidelines for a blameless life that is worthy of the support
of the laity. A life dedicated to Dhamma study, meditation and
teaching is Right Livelihood for monks and nuns.

   
The Discipline also contains standards and regulations for ensuring
that the four requisites, once supplied to the Order, will be
consumed in peace and harmony rather than contention and strife.
Buddhist monks are forbidden from demanding special food or
requisites. A monk must be content with little. In this passage,
the Buddha instructs monks on the proper attitudes toward the
four requisites.

A
monk in this Teaching and Discipline is one content with whatever
robes he is given and praises contentment with whatever robes
are given. He does not greedily seek robes in unscrupulous
ways. If he does not obtain a robe, he is not vexed; if he
obtains a robe, he is not attached, not enamored of it and
not pleased over it. He uses that robe with full awareness
of its benefits and its dangers. He has wisdom which frees
him from attachment. Moreover, he does not exalt himself or
disparage others on account of his contentment with whatever
robes are offered. Any monk who is diligent, ardent, not given
to laziness, who is fully aware and recollected in contentment
with robes, is said to be stationed in the time-honored lineage.

Moreover,
a monk is content with whatever alms food he is given …

Moreover,
a monk is content with whatever dwellings he is given …

Moreover,
a monk is one who delights in developing skillful qualities
and praises their development; he delights in abandoning unskillful
qualities and praises their abandoning; he does not exalt
himself nor disparage others on account of his delighting
in skillful qualities and praising their development, nor
on account of his abandoning of unskillful qualities and praising
their abandoning. A monk who is diligent, ardent, not given
to laziness, but fully aware and recollected in such development
(bhavana) and abandoning (pahana) is said
to be stationed in the time-honored lineage. [A.II.27]

   
This passage shows the relationship between contentment with
material possessions and effort — material requisites are used
as foundation for human development.

   
The monastic discipline exemplifies a life-style which makes
use of the least possible amount of material goods. This is
partly for practical reasons, to enable the Order to live in
a way that does not overtax the community, and partly so that
the monks can devote as much of their time and energy as possible
in the study, practice and teaching of the Dhamma. It also enables
them to live a live that is as independent of the social mainstream
as possible, so that their livelihood is not all geared to any
socially valued gain. All Buddhist monks, be they Arahants
(completely enlightened beings) or newly ordained monks, live
their lives according to this same basic principle of a minimal
amount of material possessions and an optimum of devotion to
Dhamma practice.

   
To live happily without an abundance of material possession,
monks rely on sila, morality or good conduct. Note
that each of the four types of good conduct mentioned below
[Vism.16; Comp.212] calls upon another spiritual quality to
perfect it:

Restraint
of behavior (patimokkha samvara sila) means to live
within the restraint of the Monastic Code of Discipline (Patimokkha);
to refrain from that which is forbidden, and to practice according
to that which is specified, to diligently follow in all the
training rules. This kind of sila is perfected through
saddha, faith.

Restraint
of the senses (indriya samvara sila) is accomplished
by guarding over the mind so as not to let unskillful conditions,
such as like, dislike, attachment or aversion, overwhelm it
when experiencing any of the six kinds of sense impressions:
sight, sound, smell, taste, sensation in the body or thought
in the mind. This kind of sila is perfected through
sati, mindfulness or recollection.

Purity
of livelihood (ajiva parisuddhi sila) demands that
one conduct one’s livelihood honestly, avoiding ways of livelihood
that are wrong. For a monk, this includes not bragging about
superhuman attainments, such as meditation accomplishments
or stages of enlightenment, or asking for special food when
one is not sick; refraining from extortion, such as putting
on a display of austerity to impress people into giving offerings;
not fawning or sweet talking supporters; not hinting or making
signs to get householders to make offerings; not threatening
them or bullying them into making offerings; and not bartering
with them, such as in giving something little and expecting
much in exchange. This kind of sila, or purity, is
perfected through viriya, effort.

Morality
connected with requisites (paccaya sannisita sila)
means using the four requisites with circumspection, with
an awareness of their true use and value, rather than using
them out of desire. At meal time, this means eating food for
the sake of good health, so that one is able to live comfortably
enough to practice the Dhamma conveniently, not eating to
indulge in the sensual pleasure of eating. This kind of
sila
is perfected through pañña, wisdom.

 

Householders

While
much of the Buddha’s teachings were directed towards monks,
there is no indication anywhere in the Scriptures that the Buddha
wanted householders to live like monks. Nor is there any indication
that the Buddha wanted everybody to become monks and nuns. In
establishing the order of monks and nuns, the Buddha created
an independent community as an example of righteousness, and
community that could nourish society with the Dhamma and provide
a refuge for those who wished to live a life dedicated to Dhamma
study.

   
Within this community there are both formal members and true
members. The formal members are those who are ordained into
the Buddhist Order as monks and nuns and who live super-imposed,
as it were, onto normal “householder society.” The
truly free members, however, are those of Noble Order, both
ordained and householders, who have experienced transcendent
insight and are scattered throughout the regular society of
unenlightened beings.

   
While the teachings in the Books of Discipline can be applied
to the lives of householders, they are more directly related
to monks. The monastic life is designed to be comfortable even
when the four requisites are in low supply. In this regard,
monks and nuns serve as living examples that life can be happy
and fulfilling even when the four requisites are not plentiful.

   
Most lay people, however, see the four requisites as basis on
which to build more wealth and comfort. While householders may
seem to require more material goods than monks and nuns because
of their demanding responsibilities, such as raising children
and running a business, the fact remains that all of life’s
basic needs can be met by the four requisites.

   
Practical teachings on economic matters for householders are
contained in the Books of Discourses, or Suttas. The Suttas
recount the advice the Buddha gave to various people in various
stations throughout his life. In the Suttas, the Buddha stresses
four areas in which householders may relate skillfully to wealth
[D.III.188; A.V.176-182]:

   
Acquisition — Wealth should not be acquired by exploitation,
but through effort and intelligent action; it should be acquired
in a morally sound way.

   
Safekeeping — Wealth should be saved and protected as an investment
for the further development of livelihood and as an insurance
against future adversity. When accumulated wealth exceeds these
two needs, it may be used for creating social benefit by supporting
community works.

   
Use — Wealth should be put to the following uses: (1) to support
oneself and one’s family; (2) to support the interests of fellowship
and social harmony, such as in receiving guests, or in activities
of one’s friends or relatives; (3) to support good works, such
as community welfare projects.

   
Mental attitude — Wealth should not become an obsession, a
cause for worry and anxiety. It should rather be related to
with an understanding of its true benefits and limitations,
and dealt with in a way that leads to personal development.

   
The Buddha praised only those wealthy people who have obtained
their wealth through their own honest labor and used it wisely,
to beneficial ends. That is, the Buddha praised the quality
of goodness and benefit more than wealth itself. The common
tendency (in Thailand) to praise people simply because they
are rich, based on the belief that their riches are a result
of accumulated merit from previous lives, without due consideration
of the factors from the present life, contradicts the teachings
of Buddhism on two counts: Firstly, it does not exemplify the
Buddha’s example of praising goodness above wealth; secondly
it does not make use of reasoned consideration of the entire
range of factors involved.

   
The present life is much more immediate and as such must be
afforded more importance. Previous kamma determines
the conditions of one’s birth, including physical attributes,
talents, intelligence and certain personality traits. While
it is said to be a determining factor for people who are born
into wealthy families, the Buddha did not consider birth into
a wealthy family as such to be worthy of praise, and Buddhism
does not place much importance on birth station. The Buddha
might praise the good kamma which enabled a person
to attain such a favorable birth, but since their birth into
a wealthy station is the fruition of good past kamma,
such people have been duly rewarded and it is not necessary
to praise them further.

   
A favorable birth is said to be a good capital foundation which
affords some people better opportunities than others. As for
the unfolding of the present life, the results of previous kamma
stop at birth, and a new beginning is made. A good “capital
foundation” can easily degenerate. If it is used with care
and intelligence it will lead to benefit for all concerned,
but if one is deluded by one’s capital foundation, or favorable
situation, one will use it in a way that not only wastes one’s
valuable opportunities, but leads to harm for all concerned.
The important question for Buddhism is how people use their
initial capital. The Buddha did not praise or criticize wealth;
he was concerned with actions.

   
According to the Buddhist teachings, wealth should be used for
the purpose of helping others; it should support a life of good
conduct and human development. According to this principle,
when wealth arises for one person, the whole of society benefits,
and although it belongs to one person, it is just as if it belonged
to the whole community. A wealthy person who uses wealth in
this manner is likened to a fertile field in which rice grows
abundantly for the benefit of all. Such people generate great
benefit for those around them. Without them, the wealth they
create would not come to be, and neither would the benefit resulting
from it. Guided by generosity, these people feel moved to represent
the whole of society, and in return they gain the respect and
trust of the community to use their wealth for beneficial purposes.
The Buddha taught that a householder who shares his wealth with
others is following the path of the Noble Ones:

“If
you have little, give little; if you own a middling amount,
give a middling amount; if you have much, give much. It is
not fitting not to give at all. Kosiya, I say to you, ‘Share
your wealth, use it. Tread the path of the noble ones. One
who eats alone eats not happily.” [J.V.382]

   
Some people adhere to the daily practice of not eating until
they have given something to others. This practice was adopted
by a reformed miser in the time of the Buddha, who said, “As
long as I have not first given to others each day, I will not
even drink water.” [J.V.393-411]

   
When the wealth of a virtuous person grows, other people stand
to gain. But the wealth of a mean person grows at the expense
of misery for those around him. People who get richer and richer
while society degenerates and poverty spreads are using their
wealth wrongly. Such wealth does not fulfill its true function.
It is only a matter of time before something breaks down —
either the rich, or the society, or both, must go. The community
may strip the wealthy of their privileges and redistribute the
wealth in the hands of new “stewards,” for better
or for worse. If people use wealth wrongly, it ceases to be
a benefit and becomes a bane, destroying human dignity, individual
welfare and the community.

   
Buddhism stress that our relationship with wealth be guided
by wisdom and a clear understanding of its true value and limitations.
We should not be burdened or enslaved by it. Rather, we should
be masters of our wealth and use it in ways that are beneficial
to others. Wealth should be used to create benefit in society,
rather than contention and strife. It should be spent in ways
that relieve problems and lead to happiness rather than to tension,
suffering and mental disorder.

   
Here is a passage from the Scriptures illustrating the proper
Buddhist attitude to wealth:

“Bhikkhus,
there are these three groups of people in this world. What
are the three? They are the blind, the one-eyed, and the two-eyed.

“Who
is the blind person? There are some in this world who do not
have the vision which leads to acquisition of wealth or to
the increase of wealth already gained. Moreover, they do not
have the vision which enables them to know what is skillful
and what is unskillful … what is blameworthy and what is
not … what is coarse and what is refined … good and evil.
This is what I mean by one who is blind.

“And
who is the one-eyed person? Some people in this world have
the vision which leads to the acquisition of wealth, or to
the increase of wealth already obtained, but they do not have
the vision that enables them to know what is skillful and
what is not … what is blameworthy and what is not … what
is coarse and what is refined … good and evil. This I call
a one-eyed person.

“And
who is the two-eyed person? Some people in this world possess
both the vision that enables them to acquire wealth and to
capitalize on it, and the vision that enables them to know
what is skillful and what is not … what is blameworthy and
what is not … what is coarse and what is refined … good
and evil. This I call one with two eyes …

“One
who is blind is hounded by misfortune on two counts: he has
no wealth, and he performs no good works. The second kind
of the person, the one-eyed, looks about for wealth irrespective
of whether it is right or wrong. It may be obtained through
theft, cheating, or fraud. He enjoys pleasures of the sense
obtained from his ability to acquire wealth, but as a result
he goes to hell. The one eyed person suffers according to
his deeds.

“The
two eyed person is a fine human being, one who shares out
a portion of the wealth obtained through his diligent labor.
He has noble thoughts, a resolute mind, and attains to a good
bourn, free of suffering. Avoid the blind and the one-eyed,
and associate with the two-eyed.” [A.I.128]

 

Government

The
Buddha said “poverty is suffering in this world.”
Here he speaks to the use of wealthy by governments. Poverty
and want, like greed (to which they are closely related) contribute
to crime and social discontent. [D.III.65, 70] Buddhism maintains
that it is the duty of the government or the administrators
of a country to see to the needs of those who are in want and
to strive to banish poverty from the land. At the very least,
honest work should be available to all people, trade and commerce
should be encouraged, capital should be organized and industries
monitored to guard against dishonest or exploitive practices.
By this criteria, the absence of poverty is a better gauge of
government’s success than the presence of millionaires.

   
It is often asked which economic or political system is most
compatible with Buddhism. Buddhism does not answer such a question
directly. One might say Buddhism would endorse whatever system
is most compatible with it, but economic and political systems
are a question of method, and methods, according to Buddhism,
should be attuned to time and place.

   
What is the purpose of a government’s wealth? Essentially, a
government’s wealth is for the purpose of supporting and organizing
its citizens’ lives in the most efficient and beneficial way
possible. Wealth enables us to practice and to attain progressively
higher levels of well-being. Wealth should support the community
in such a way that people who live in it conduct good lives
and are motivated to a higher good.

   
A political or economic system that uses wealth to these ends
is compatible with Buddhism (subject to the stipulation that
it is a voluntary or free system rather than an authoritarian
one). Specific systems are simply methods dependent on time
and place, and can vary accordingly. For example, when the Buddha
established the Order of monks as a specialized community, he
set up rules limiting a monk’s personal possessions. Most requisites
were to be regarded as communal property of the Order.

   
The Buddha gave different teachings regarding wealth for householders
or worldly society. In his day, there were two main political
systems in India: some parts of the country were ruled by absolute
monarchies, others were ruled by republican states. The Buddha
gave separate teachings for each. This is characteristic of
his teachings. Buddhism is not a religion of ideals and philosophy,
but a religion of practice. The Buddha made his teaching applicable
to the real life of the people in the society of the time.

   
If the Buddha had waited until he had designed a perfect society
before he taught, he would have fallen into idealism and romanticism.
Since the perfect society will always be a “hoped-for”
society, the Buddha gave teachings that could be put to effect
in the present time, or, in his words, “those truths which
are truly useful.”

   
For the monarchies, the Buddha taught the
duties of a Wheel-Turning Emperor, exhorting rulers to use their
absolute power as a tool for generating benefit in the community
rather than a tool for seeking personal happiness. For the republican
states, he taught the aparihaniyadhamma
— principles and methods for encouraging social harmony and
preventing decline. In their separate ways, both these teaching
show how a people can live happily under different political
systems.

   
When the absolute monarchy reached its highest perfection in
India, the Emperor Ashoka used these Buddhist principles to
govern his empire. He wrote in the Edicts, “His Highness,
Priyadassi, loved by the devas, does not see rank or glory as
being of much merit, except if that rank or glory is used to
realize the following aim: ‘Both now and in the future, may
the people listen to my teaching and practice according to the
principles of Dhamma.’” [Ashokan Edict No.10]

   
The ideal society is not one in which all people occupy the
same station; such a society is in fact not possible. The ideal
society is one in which human beings, training themselves in
mind and intellect, although possessing differences, are nevertheless
striving for the same objectives. Even though they are different
they live together harmoniously. At the same time, it is a society
which has a noble choice, a noble way out, for those so inclined,
in the form of a religious life. (Even in the society of the
future Buddha, Sri Ariya Metteyya, where everyone is said to
be equal, there is still to be found the division of monks and
laypeople.)

   
While absolute equality is impossible, governments should ensure
that the four requisites are distributed so all citizens have
enough to live on comfortably and can find honest work. Moreover,
the economic system in general should lead to a harmonious community
rather than to contention and strife, and material possessions
used as a base for beneficial human development rather than
as an end in themselves.

   
In one Sutta, the Buddha admonishes the Universal
Emperor to apportion some of his wealth to the poor. The emperor
is told to watch over his subjects and prevent abject poverty
from arising.[7] Here we see that ethical economic
management for a ruler or governor is determined by the absence
of poverty in his domain, rather than by a surplus of wealth
in his coffers or in the hands of a select portion of the population.
When this basic standard is met, the teachings do not prohibit
the accumulation of wealth or stipulate that it should be distributed
equally.

   
With an understanding of the Buddhist perspective on social
practice, those involved in such matters can debate which system
is not compatible with Buddhism. Or they may opt to devise a
new, more effective system. This might be the best alternative.
However, it is a matter of practical application which is beyond
the scope of this book.

 

The
Inner
Perspective

The
Abhidhamma Pitaka contains the Buddha’s more esoteric teaching.
While the Abhidhamma does not directly address economics, it
does have a strong indirect connection because it analyses the
mind and its constituents in minute detail. These mental factors
are the root of all human behavior, including, of course, economic
activity. Negative mental constituents such as greed, aversion,
delusion and pride motivate economic activity as do the positive
constituents such as non-greed, non-aversion and non-delusion,
faith, generosity, and goodwill. In this respect, the Abhidhamma
is a study of economics on its most fundamental level.

   
In a similar connection, the more esoteric practices of Buddhism,
meditation in particular, relate indirectly but fundamentally
to economics. Through meditation and mental training, we come
to witness the stream of causes and conditions that begin as
mental conditions and lead to economic activity. With this insight,
we can investigate our mental process and make sound ethical
judgments. Meditation helps us to see how ethical and unethical
behavior are the natural consequence of the mental conditions
which motivate them. Individual people, classes, races and nationalities
are neither intrinsically good nor evil. It is rather our mental
qualities that guide our behavior toward the ethical and the
unethical. Greed, hatred and delusion drive us to unethical
acts. Wisdom and a desire for true well-being guide us to ethical
behavior and a good life.

   
With meditation, we gain perspective on our motivations: we
sharpen our awareness and strengthen free will. Thus, when it
comes to making economic decisions, decision about our livelihood
and consumption, we can better resist compulsions driven by
fear, craving, and pride and choose instead a moral course that
aims at true well-being. In this way, we begin to see how mental
factors form the basis of all economic matters, and we realize
that the development of this kind of mental discernment leads
the way to true economic and human development.

   
Perhaps more importantly, through meditation training it is
possible to realize a higher kind of happiness — inner peace,
the independent kind of happiness. When we have the ability
to find peace within ourselves we can use wealth, which is no
longer necessary for our own happiness, freely for the social
good.

 

Seeking
and Protecting Wealth

The
following Sutta offers teachings on livelihood for a householder
with an emphasis on the benefits that arise from right livelihood.

   
At one time, the Brahmin Ujjaya went to visit the Buddha to
ask his advice on how to gain prosperity through right livelihood.
The Buddha answered by explaining the conditions that would
lead to happiness in the present and in the future:

“Brahmin,
these four conditions lead to happiness and benefit in the
present. They are, industriousness, watchfulness, good company
and balanced livelihood.

“And
what is the endowment of industriousness (utthanasampada)?
A son of good family supports himself through diligent effort.
Be it through farming, commerce, raising livestock, a military
career, or the arts, he is diligent, he applies himself, and
he is skilled. He is not lazy in his work, but clever, interested.
He knows how to manage his work, he is able and responsible:
this is called endowment of industriousness.

“And
what is the endowment of watchfulness (arakkhasampada)?
A son of good family has wealth, the fruit of his own sweat
and labor, rightly obtained by him. He applies himself to
protecting that wealth, thinking, ‘How can I prevent this
wealth from being confiscated by the King, stolen by thieves,
burnt from fire, swept away from floods or appropriated by
unfavored relatives?’ This is called the endowment of watchfulness.

“And
what is good company (kalyanamittata)? Herein, a
son of good family, residing in a town or village, befriends,
has discourse with, and seek advice from, those householders,
sons of householders, young people who are mature and older
people who are venerable, who are possessed of faith, morality,
generosity, and wisdom. He studies and emulates the faith
of those with faith; he studies and emulates the morality
of those with morality; he studies and emulates the generosity
of those who are generous; he studies and emulates the wisdom
of those who are wise. This is to have good company.

“And
what is balanced livelihood (samajivita)? A son of
good family supports himself in moderation, neither extravagantly
nor stintingly. He knows the causes of increase and decrease
of wealth, he knows which undertakings will yield an income
higher than the expenditure rather than the expenditure exceeding
the income. Like a person weighing things on a scale, he knows
the balance either way … If this young man had only a small
income but lived extravagantly, it could be said of him that
he consumed his wealth as if it were peanuts. If he had a
large income but used it stintingly, it could be said of him
that he will die like a pauper. But because he supports himself
in moderation, it is said that he has balanced livelihood.

“Brahmin,
the wealth rightly gained in this way has four pathways of
decline. They are to be given to debauchery, drink, gambling,
and association with evil friends. It is like a large reservoir
with four channels going into it and four channels going out
opened up, and the rain does not fall in due season, that
large reservoir can be expected only to decrease, not to increase

“Brahmin,
wealth so gained rightly has four pathways of prosperity.
They are to refrain from debauchery, drink and gambling, and
to associate with good friends, to be drawn to good people.
It is like a large reservoir with four channels leading into
it and four channels leading out. If the channels leading
into it are opened up, and the channels leading out are closed
off, and rain falls in due season, it can be expected that
for this reservoir there will be only increase, not decrease
… Brahmin, these four conditions are for the happiness and
benefit of a young man in the present moment.” [A.IV.241]

   
The Buddha then went on to describe four conditions which lead
to happiness and benefit in the future. In short, they are to
possess the spiritual qualities of faith, morality, generosity
and wisdom.

 

The
Happiness
of a Householder

The
following teaching was given to the merchant Anathapindika.
It is known simply as the four kinds of happiness for a householder:

“Herein,
householder, these four kinds of happiness are appropriate
for one who leads the household life and enjoys the pleasures
of the senses. They are the happiness of ownership, the happiness
of enjoyment, the happiness of freedom from debt, and the
happiness of blamelessness.

“What
is the happiness of ownership (atthisukha)? A son
of good family possesses wealth that has been obtained by
his own diligent labor, acquired through the strength of his
own arms and the sweat of his own brow, rightly acquired,
rightly gained. He experiences pleasure, he experiences happiness,
thinking, ‘I possess this wealth that has been obtained by
my own diligent labor, acquired through the strength of my
own arms and the sweat of my own brow, rightly acquired, rightly
gained.’ This is the happiness of ownership.

“And
what is the happiness of enjoyment (bhogasukha)?
Herein, a son of good family consumes, puts to use, and derives
benefit from the wealth that has been obtained by his own
diligent labor, acquired through the strength of his own arms
and the sweat of his own brow, rightly acquired, rightly gained.
He experiences pleasure, he experiences happiness, thinking,
‘Through this wealth that has been obtained by my own diligent
labor, acquired through the strength of my own arms and the
sweat of my own brow, rightly acquired, rightly gained, I
have derived benefit and performed good works.’ This is called
the happiness of enjoyment.

“And
what is the happiness of freedom from debt (ananasukha)?
Herein, a son of good family owes no debt, be it great or
small, to anyone at all. He experiences pleasure and happiness,
reflecting. ‘I owe no debts, be they great or small, to anyone
at all.’ This is called the happiness of freedom from debt.

“And
what is the happiness of blamelessness (anavajjasukha)?
Herein, a noble disciple is possessed of blameless bodily
actions, blameless speech, and blameless thoughts. He experiences
pleasure and happiness, thinking, ‘I am possessed of blameless
bodily actions, blameless speech, and blameless thoughts.’
This is called the happiness of blamelessness.

“When
he realizes the happiness of being free from debt, he is in
a position to appreciate the happiness of owning possessions.
As he uses his possessions, he experiences the happiness of
enjoyment. Clearly seeing this, the wise man, comparing the
first three kinds of happiness with the last, sees that they
are not worth a sixteenth part of the happiness that arises
from blameless behavior.” [A.II.69]

 

The
Benefits
of Wealth

In
this passage, the Buddha explains to the merchant Anathapindika
some of the benefits that can arise from wealth. Since the teachings
are specific to an earlier time, the reader is advised to glean
the gist of them and apply it to the modern day:

“Herein,
householder, there are five uses to which wealth can be put.
They are:

“With
the wealth that has been obtained by his own diligent labor,
acquired through the strength of his own arms and the sweat
of his own brow, rightly acquired, rightly gained, the noble
disciple supports himself comfortably, sufficiently, he applies
himself to seeing to his own happiness in rightful ways. He
supports his father and mother … wife and children, servants
and workers comfortably, to a sufficiency, applying himself
to their needs and their happiness as is proper. This is the
first benefit to obtained from wealth.

“Moreover,
with the wealth that has been obtained by his own diligent
labor, acquired through the strength of his own arms and the
sweat of his own brow, rightly acquired, rightly gained, the
noble disciple supports his friends and associates comfortably,
to a sufficiency, taking an interest in their happiness as
is proper. This is the second benefit to be derived from wealth.

“Moreover,
with the wealth that has been obtained by his own diligent
labor, acquired through the strength of his own arms and the
sweat of his own brow, rightly acquired, rightly gained, the
noble disciple protects his wealth from the dangers of confiscation
by kings, theft, fire, flood, and appropriation by unfavored
relatives. He sees to his own security. This is the third
benefit to be derived from wealth.

“Moreover,
with the wealth that has been obtained by his own diligent
labor, acquired through the strength of his own arms and the
sweat of his own brow, rightly acquired, rightly gained, the
noble disciple makes the five kinds of sacrifice. They are:
to relatives (supporting relatives); to visitors (receiving
guests); to ancestors (offerings made in the name of ancestors);
to the king (for taxes and public works); and to the gods
(that is, he supports religion). This is another benefit to
be derived from wealth.

“Moreover,
with the wealth that has been obtained by his own diligent
labor, acquired through the strength of his own arms and the
sweat of his own brow, rightly acquired, rightly gained, the
noble disciple makes offerings which are of the highest merit,
which are conducive to mental well-being, happiness and heaven,
to religious mendicants, those who live devoted to heedfulness,
are established in patience and gentleness, are trained, calmed,
and cooled of defilements. This is the fifth benefit to be
obtained from wealth.

“Householder,
there are these five benefits to be obtained from wealth.
If wealth is used by a noble disciple in such a way that these
five benefits are fulfilled, and if it should then become
spent, that noble disciple can reflect thus: ‘Whatever benefit
is to be obtained from wealth, I have obtained. Now my wealth
is spent.’ That noble disciple experiences no distress on
that account. And if, after that noble disciple has used his
wealth to provide these five benefits, that wealth should
increase, that noble disciple reflects thus: ‘Whatever benefit
is to be obtained from my wealth I have already obtained.
And now my wealth has increased.’ That noble disciple is also
not distressed on that account; he is distressed in neither
case.” [A.III.45]

 

Wealth
and Spiritual Development

The
Buddha taught that basic material needs must be met before spiritual
development can begin. The following story [Dh.A.III.262] illustrates
how hunger is both a cause of physical suffering and an obstacle
to spiritual progress:

   
One morning while the Buddha was residing in the Jetavana monastery
near the city of Savatthi, he sensed with his psychic powers
that the spiritual faculties of a certain poor peasant living
near the city of Alavi were mature enough for him to understand
the teaching, and that he was ripe for enlightenment. So, later
that morning, the Buddha set off walking to Alavi, some 30 yojanas
(about 48 km) away.

   
The inhabitants of Alavi held the Buddha in great respect, and
on his arrival warmly welcomed him. Eventually a place was prepared
for everyone to gather together and listen to a discourse. However,
as the Buddha’s particular purpose in going to Alavi was to
enlighten this one poor peasant, he waited for him to arrive
before starting to talk.

   
The peasant heard the news of the Buddha’s visit and, since
he had been interested in the Buddha’s teaching for some time,
he decided to go to listen to the discourse. But it so happened
that one of his cows had just disappeared and he wondered whether
he should go and listen to the Buddha first and look for his
cow afterwards, or to look for the cow first. He decided that
he should look for the cow first and quickly set off into the
forest to search for it. Eventually the peasant found his cow
and drove it back to the herd, but by the time everything was
as it should be, he was very tired. The peasant thought to himself,
“Time is getting on, if I go back home first it will take
up even more time. I’ll just go straight into the city to listen
to the Buddha’s discourse.” Having made up his mind, the
poor peasant started walking into Alavi. By the time he arrived
at the place set up for the talk, he was exhausted and very
hungry.

   
When the Buddha saw the peasant’s condition, he asked the city
elders to arrange some food for the poor man, and only when
the peasant had eaten his fill and was refreshed did the Buddha
start to teach. While listening to the discourse the peasant
realized the fruit of ‘Stream Entry,’ the first stage of enlightenment.
The Buddha had fulfilled his purpose in traveling to Alavi.

   
After the talk was over, the Buddha bade farewell to the people
of Alavi and set off back to the Jetavana monastery. During
the walk back, the monks who were accompanying him started to
discuss the day’s events: “What was that all about? The
Lord didn’t quite seem himself today. I wonder why he got them
to arrange food for the peasant like that, before he would agree
to give his discourse.”

   
The Buddha, knowing the subject of the monks’ discussion, turned
back towards them and started to explain his reason, saying,
“When people are overwhelmed and in pain through suffering,
they are incapable of understanding religious teaching.”
The Buddha went on to sat that hunger is the most severe of
all illnesses and that conditioned phenomena provide the basis
for the most ingrained suffering. Only when one understands
these truths will one realize the supreme happiness of Nibbana.

   
Buddhism considers economics to be of great significance —
this is demonstrated by the Buddha having the peasant eat something
before teaching him. Economists might differ as to whether the
Buddha’s investment of a 45 kilometer walk was worth the enlightenment
of one single person, but the point is that not only is Right
Livelihood one of the factors of the Eightfold Path, but that
hungry people cannot appreciate the Dhamma. Although consumption
and economic wealth are important, they are not goals in themselves,
but are merely the foundations for human development and the
enhancement of the quality of life. They allow us to realize
the profound: after eating, the peasant listened to Dhamma and
became enlightened. Buddhist economics ensures that the creation
of wealth leads to a life in which people can develop their
potentials and increase in goodness. Quality of life, rather
than wealth for its own sake, is the goal.

-oOo-

Footnotes:

7.
Dhananuppadana — apportioning of some wealth to the
poor — one of the twelve duties of a Universal Emperor. [D.III.61]
[Back to text]

http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Ashoka

 



 

AP Worl

comments (0)
02/21/09
LESSON 7- VOTE BSP ELEPHANT FOR CHANGE FOR THE BETTER- Rs.36 Crores towards Income Tax for Rs.900 Crores is Ms Mayawati,s Birthday Gift ! But it is enough Not ! Rs.1.40,000 is the Nation’s Budget ! That is to be got through Sarvajans Vote ! For the peace, welfare and happiness of all including the Have-not ! Hence for BSP Elephant you Vote !-FOR SELF RESPECT! GET A VOTE AND A NOTE! FOR BSP! DONT WAIT BUT BAIT! TO GRAB THE MASTER KEY!-MIGHTY GREAT MINDS Kanshi Ram’s legacy He gave Aboriginal Inhabitants of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddhs Bharath a voice and the ways and means to be empowered by acquiring the Master Key. -Make me PM Write Down on the Wall was Dr. Ambedkar’s Sign ! Two Thousand Nine ! Will Be Mine ! - Says Ms Mayawati Bahen ! Now is all that you have! By voting for BSP, the Nation you save! 2008 Bahen Mayawati the UttarPradesh Chief Minister !-2009 Prabuddha Bharatha Matha the Prime Minister !-Press Information Bureau (C.M. Information Campus) Information & Public Relations Department, U.P. C.M. writes letters to Prime Minister, Speaker Lok Sabha and UPA Chairperson Withdraw Bill depriving Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes from getting reservation facility in 47 higher education institutions Bill totally against the provisions of the Constitution -Chief Minister -SC/ST Reservation Bill 2008-C.M. directs to complete development works in stipulated time and in a qualitative manner On directives of C.M., Cabinet Secretary and Chief Secretary review development works and law and order of 4 divisions-Uttar Pradesh budget aims at social engineering-UP CM Mayawati lashes out at SP-There is a petition alleging the former chief minister of Uttar Pradesh had acquired huge wealth through unfair means- Press Information Bureau (C.M. Information Campus) Information & Public Relations Department, U.P. C.M. directs officers to draw ‘Vision-2020′ for qualitative improvement in Higher Education and its elevation —Mayawati All State Universities should ensure completion of examinations by May 30 and declaration of results by June 30 —Chief Minister Chairman State Advisory Council extensively reviews progress of Higher Education Department -New norms for opinion, exit polls- Birth anniversary
Filed under: General
Posted by: site admin @ 10:48 pm

LESSON 7



Press Information Bureau

(C.M. Information Campus)

Information & Public Relations Department, U.P.


C.M. writes letters to Prime Minister,


Speaker Lok Sabha and UPA Chairperson

Withdraw Bill depriving Scheduled Castes and
Scheduled Tribes from getting reservation
facility in 47 higher education institutions
Bill totally against the provisions of the Constitution
—Chief Minister

Lucknow: February 18, 2009


The Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Ms. Mayawati said that if the

Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Reservation in Posts and
Services) Bill, 2008 became a legislation, then the people of the
SC/ST category would not get the facility of reservation in 47 higher
education institutions, which they were enjoying, so far. They would
be deprived of the reservation facility in these institutions, which
would be unfortunate, she pointed out.

Terming this step of the Central Government as totally against
the spirit of the Constitution, Ms. Mayawati said that she had
written/faxed letters in this regard to the Prime Minister Dr.
Manmohan Singh, Speaker Lok Sabha Mr. Somnath Chatterji and
UPA Chairperson Mrs. Sonia Gandhi.

The Chief Minister said that provision has been made in this Bill
not to provide reservation facility, to the people of SC/ST categories
on the posts higher than the Group ‘A’ posts and on the posts
classified as scientific or technical posts. She said that it can’t be
understood that after 61 years of Independence what situation had
arisen that the people of the SC/ST cannot work on the posts of
professors in I.I.Ts., N.I.Ts., central universities and I.I.M.s.
Ms. Mayawati said that it was the clear opinion of the State
Government that the proposed Bill was totally against the original
spirit of the Constitution. Besides, this step of the Central
Government would prove a hurdle in the development of the people
belonging to the exploited and deprived sections of the society and it
would also raise impediments in the establishment of an equality
based society. Therefore, she requested to the Central Government
to reconsider this Bill and withdraw it, so that the people of SC/ST
continue to enjoy the facility of reservation provided to them under
the Constitution.
*******

SC/ST Reservation Bill 2008

Dear brothers

I have been reading all your outbursts regarding the SCHEDULED CASTES AND
SCHEDULED TRIBES ( Reservation in posts and services ) Bill 2008. The facts
remain to be seen that we are not the opinion makers and we simply allege
as some one is responsible. Let us not blame MPs or MLAs of our community.
Ultimately, we need their voice in Lokasabha to get our interest protected.
What we need is, some one in Delhi take a lead to collect few MPs of our
community, arrange them Lunch/Dinner and hand over them what we need modifications
in the Bill. As I have been in the Labour movement, to my mind following
suggestations would full fill our requirments.

Let there be clarity that reservation for SC/ST is there in the matter
of direct recruitment without restricting it lowest grade of Group A  posts.
It is against Article 16 (4A). Further, let there be spoken provision to
provide reservation for SC/St in the matter of  promotion upto any
category or cadre where the promotions are made on the basis of seniority
cum fitness.

1.  Section 4 (iii) and (iv) need to be deleted

2. Section 4 (2) needs corrections- No institution under the control of
Union Government and State Governments shall be excluded for not applying
the rule of reservation.

3. Section 5 needs some corrections: There shall not restriction of pay
or posts( Director  in the Central Secretariat service) and seniority
of all fit shall be prepared including the fit SC/ST who are senior enough
to extend them this benefit which is called as ZONE OF CONSIDERATION.

4. Section 15: Delete the SUBJECT TO THE AVAILABILITY OF FINANCE AND OTHER
RESOURSES

5.Section 16,17 & 18:  The violators shall be booked under the
Scheduled Caste and Scheduled  Tribe ( Preventio of  Atrocities)
Act 1989 and Rules 1995

Still more store is there in my mind- Let us have open debate that reaches
the Desk of Parliament

With Jaibheem

F H Jakkappanavar


C.M. directs to complete development works


in stipulated time and in a qualitative manner


On directives of C.M., Cabinet Secretary and Chief Secretary


review development works and law and order of 4 divisions


Lucknow : February 18, 2009


On the directives of the Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Ms.

Mayawati, the Cabinet Secretary Mr. Shashank Shekhar Singh and

Chief Secretary Mr. Atul Kumar Gupta reviewed here today the

progress of ongoing development works and law and order situation

of four divisions—Lucknow, Faizabad, Devipatan and Bareilly of the

State. Thereafter, they apprised the Chief Minister regarding the

important decisions taken at the meeting. The Chief Minister said

that there should not be any slackness in the implementation of

Schemes related to common people. Emphasising for solving the

problem of farmers on priority basis, she said that officers should

remain sensitive and ensure to make available the benefits of the

Schemes to the eligible beneficiaries.

Referring to the law and order, the Chief Minister directed the

officers concerned to remain vigilant in every case. She said that

the officers had been directed to work without any pressure. She

said that F.I.R.s should be lodged in even pettiest of the cases and

strict action should be initiated against the guilty.

Following the directives of the Chief Minister, the Chief

Secretary emphasised for paying special attention on the speedy

implementation of Ambedkar Gram Sabha Vikas Yojana, Manyawar

Kanshiram Ji Shahari Garib Awas Yojana, Sarvajan Hitay Garib

Awas Malikana Haq Yojana. He said that stern action would be

taken against the concerning officers, if the schemes were getting

delayed and poor quality construction works.

The Chief Secretary directed the officers to provide bicycles

and amount to the beneficiaries of Mahamaya Garib Balika Ashirwad

Yojana and Savitri Bai Phule Garib Balika Madad Yojana soon. He

directed to allot houses under Manyawar Kanshiram Ji Shahari

Garib Awas Yojana within stipulated time equipped with all basic

facilities, besides distributing scholarships and pensions to

beneficiaries.

The Chief Secretary said that the State Government was

sensitive towards the interests of potato growers. He said that

arrangements should be ensured to purchase and storage of

potatoes. He also directed to make arrangements for adequate
number of sacks for the purchase of wheat. He said that keeping


the interests of potato growers, the State Government had

announced potato purchase support scheme. The State Government

was conducting subsidy scheme to encourage the potato export.

Under it, bulk purchasers of potato, would be encouraged. The

D.M.s, during the meeting, informed that owing to the potato

purchase support scheme announced by the State Government, the

potato prices had improved considerably.

The Chief Secretary said that the renovation of the old ponds

should be undertaken and they should be developed into ideal

ponds in rural areas. He said that new works should be immediately

started under the Rozgar Guarantee scheme. Enough employment

should be ensured under NREGS. He also directed the officers to

ensure repair of defunct handpumps and boring of new handpumps

in these divisions. He directed to complete the works by the end of

April under Pipe Water Scheme. He said that F.I.R.s would be

lodged against the guilty officers, if drinking water problem was

found during summer season.

Keeping an eye on the forthcoming board examinations, the

Chief Secretary directed the officers to replace faulty transformers

and ensure proper and uninterrupted power supply in the rural and

urban areas, so that students did not face any difficulties. He

directed the D.M.s and Divisional Commissioner to ensure

energisation of private tube-wells by monitoring the scheme of

Private Tube-wells energisation by February 28.

The meeting organised, at the Tilak Hall, was attended by

A.P.C. Mr. Anees Ansari, Principal Secretary Planning Mr. Manjeet

Singh and Principal Secretaries to C.M. Mr. Ravindra Singh, Mr. J.N.

Chamber., Secretary to C.M. Mr. Navneet Sehgal and other senior

officers.

*******
Business Standard

Thursday, Feb 19, 2009

Uttar Pradesh budget aims at social engineering
Siddharth Kalhans / Lucknow February 14, 2009, 0:51 IST

Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Mayawati today presented the state’s
annual budget with a size of Rs 133,596.98 crore, projecting the fiscal
deficit for the financial year at Rs 23,298.69 crore. In her second
consecutive budget, Mayawati gave due consideration to her social plank.

She allocated Rs 4,662.41 crore for new schemes, which are mainly
for slum dwellers and women. The government also tabled supplementary
demand for grants of Rs 4,897.62 crore in the Assembly to meet the
expenses arising from the implementation of the Sixth Pay Panel report
for state employees.

However, in the supplementary demand for grants, the state
government has not forgotten to make a provision of Rs 103 crore for
installing the statues of Dalit icons.

According to the budgetary estimates of financial year 2009-10,
total receipts are estimated at Rs 121,502.96 crore whereas the total
expenditure is estimated at Rs 133,596.98 crore . The revenue savings
for the year 2009-10 are estimated to be Rs 1,573.19 crore, which were
Rs 4,105.54 crore in the last budget.

The state government, in the budget documents, stated that to cover
the deficit, Rs 12,215 crore would be adjusted from the public account.

Laying special emphasis on urban development and housing, the state
government has allocated Rs 4,845 crore for the sector. This is 27 per
cent more than in the last year’s budget.

The state government has allocated Rs 1,250 crore for the Kanshiram
Urban Poor Housing Scheme, under which 1,01,000 houses are to be
constructed. For the power sector, the state government has made a
provision of Rs 9,846 crore, which will be spent on new schemes and for
strengthening the distribution system.

Despite a drop in the value-added tax (VAT) revenue, the state
government is expecting to raise Rs 20,741 crore from the tax in
financial year 2009-10. Last year, this was estimated at Rs 17,178
crore
.


UP CM Mayawati lashes out at SP

Lucknow (PTI): Uttar Pradesh Chief
Minister Mayawati on Monday lashed out at the opposition Samajwadi
Party for levelling baseless allegations against her government of
failing on development and law and order front.

The Chief Minister was participating in
state assembly session which passed the motion of thanks on Governor T
V Rajeswar’s address to the joint session of the state legislature on
February 10 by a voice vote.

Replying to the debate on the motion of
thanks, Mayawati condemned the opposition party’s, especially Samajwadi
Party, unruly behaviour during the Governor’s address and termed it a
result of its “frustration” over strains in reaching an alliance with
the Congress.

“Unlike the previous government we have
also been stern on lax policemen and 7,203 of them have been suspended
and 432 dismissed,” she said, adding “instead of disbursing
unemployment allowance, seven lakh permanent jobs in the government
sector and two lakh in the private sector have been provided.”

Rejecting charges of the opposition
over law and order and development issues, she said there had been no
slowdown on the development front and even gave statistics to prove her
point.

There is a petition alleging the former chief minister of Uttar Pradesh had acquired huge wealth through unfair means.
A litigation in the Supreme Court has documented the properties acquired
by Mulayam and his family which he says are worth over Rs.1 billion
(Rs.100 crores).

On the directives of the apex court, the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) is inquiring into this charges.

“There are property registration documents with the photographs of the
acquirers. They (Yadav’s lawyers) want an in-camera trial. Why should
they get this facility? Because they are big shots?”

There is fool-proof
investigation. They want in-camera trial, they want some judicial
inquiry.


There is a public interest litigation in 2003 was about a “Rs.1,200
crore (Rs.12 billion) fertiliser subsidy scam”, which is still pending
in the Lucknow bench of Allahabad High Court. This was followed by a
petition before the Lok Ayukta the next year, alleging bungling in the
state’s mid-day meal scheme.

In 2005, the high court ordered a CBI inquiry in response to a
petition alleging a “foodgrains scam”. Along with this, another
petition filed the same year alleging fraudulent allotments of plots by
the Lucknow Development Authority is pending in the Supreme Court.

Press Information Bureau
(C.M. Information Campus)

Information & Public Relations Department, U.P.

C.M. directs officers to draw ‘Vision-2020′ for
qualitative improvement in Higher Education and its elevation
—Mayawati

All State Universities should ensure completion of

examinations by May 30 and declaration of results by June 30
—Chief Minister

Chairman State Advisory Council extensively

reviews progress of Higher Education Department

Lucknow : February 21, 2009


The Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Ms. Mayawati has directed the officers to

form a committee of educationists to draw ‘Vision-2020′ for the qualitative
improvement in Higher Education and for its elevation as well. She directed the
officers to present the report at the earliest. She said that all the State
universities should ensure that all the examinations were completed by May 30
and the results were declared by June 30. The Chief Minister said that paucity of
funds would not be allowed to hamper the expansion of higher education in the
State. She took this decision at a meeting organised after the Chairman State
Advisory Council Mr. Satish Chandra Mishra reviewed the progress of higher
education at a high-level meeting held here today. Giving strict orders to the
officers, the C.M. said that the computer labs should be set up compulsorily in all
the degree colleges of the State. Besides, employment-oriented vocational
courses should be conducted in these colleges.
On the directives of the C.M., the Chairman of the State Advisory Council
Mr. Satish Chandra Mishra held a meeting to review the progress of higher
education at his Annexe office. Later, he apprised the Chief Minister of the
important decisions taken at the meeting. The Chief Minister said that special
efforts should be made for the qualitative improvement in the higher education
and also for its elevation. For that, the computerisation of the colleges should be
undertaken. Besides, the premises of the degree colleges should be connected
with the broad-band and internet connectivity and linked with the digital libraries.
She said that the financial constraints would not be allowed to hamper the
progress and expansion of higher education in the State, adding that if there was
any difficulty then its solution should be suggested. She emphasised that the
academic calendar of the higher education should be strictly adhered to and
examinations should be completed in a time-bound manner and the results should
also be declared timely. She gave special emphasis to the scheme for the
strengthening of the State universities.
The meeting was attended by Chief Secretary Mr. Atul Kumar Gupta,
Additional Cabinet Secretary Mr. Vijay Shankar Pandey, Principal Secretary
Planning Mr. Manjeet Singh, Secretary Higher Education Mr. Umesh Sinha,
Secretary State Advisory Council Mr. R.P. Singh, Secretary to C.M. Mr. Navneet
Sehgal and other senior officers.
*******
New norms for opinion, exit polls

 J. Venkatesan

New Delhi: The Election Commission on Tuesday issued fresh
guidelines banning telecast/publication of the results of opinion/exit
polls 48 hours prior to the date of Assembly or Lok Sabha elections.

In general elections having more than one phase, results should not
be telecast/published till the conclusion of the last phase in all the
States.

The guideline said: “No result of any opinion poll or exit poll
conducted at any time shall be published, publicised or disseminated in
any manner, whatsoever, by print, electronic or any other media, at any
time during the period of 48 hours ending with the hour fixed for
closing of poll in an election held in a single phase; and in a
multi-phased election, and in the case of elections in different States
announced simultaneously, at any time during the period starting from
48 hours before the hour fixed for closing of poll in the first phase
of the election and till the poll is concluded in all the phases in all
States.”

The Election Commission issued such guidelines in January 1998 and this order was challenged in the Supreme Court.

In the course of the hearing in September, 1999, the Commission
opted to withdraw the guidelines and accordingly issued an order on
September 14, 1999.

Three Baskets Study Circle Suggests that

1) The Election Commission must ensure that all the 64 Crore eligible voters, name be included in the voters list with their photos.

2) Instead of 3 members CEC, it should be a Multiple membered Chief Election Committee representing all sections of the society.

3) The source code of the program of the Micro Chip used in the Electronic Voing Machine must be published in the media for transparency and booth level all party representatives must be trained on all aspects of election including the source code for a free and fair election.

Birth anniversary
Mahatma Phule

BANGALORE: The Bahujan Samaj Party, Karnataka unit, on Friday
celebrated the 182 birth anniversary of Mahatma Jyotiba Phule at the
party office here. Party State unit president Marasandra Muniyappa
said
Phule, who strived to uplift the Aboriginal Inhabitants of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath, stressed the need to educate
them. — Staff Reporter


In Focus:Bahujan Samaj Party

Mayawati…Mayawati…….Mayawati



Mayawati,the
Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh has now set her eyes on
Delhi.She has spelt her intention in no uncertain terms and  has
started fine tuning her strategy .As per a survey ,Mayawati would grab all 40 Parliamentary seats in Uttar Pradesh alone.That is significant considering her sweeping success in the Assembly
election.Mayawati realises that her party would be able to form the
government ,considering the present political
alignment.She seems to be aware of this and is gearing up to exploit
the situation to her advantage.A few years ago it would have been
labeled as her hallucination to be the Prime Minister of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath ,but not
now,considering the state of affairs of the National Parties.It is
altogether a different matter how her ascendancy  will affect
Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath

’s
march towards prosperity and its rightful place among the developed
nations of the world.

 

Mayawati
is also tryng to replicate her success formula in other states .She has
started to woo Brahmin’s in Maharashtra.Next on the list are
minorities,especially muslims.Considering the disarray in the Samajwadi
Party,she his hopeful of making a dent in that community too.According
to the survey,the Rashtriya Janta Dal of Lalu Prashad Yadav would be
wiped out from Bihar this time;So will be the Lok Jan Shakti of Ram
Vilas Paswan.That survey also indicated that Narendra Modi would
not improve upon his tally.But in the all India scenario, Hence BSP  would
emerge as the biggest beneficiary and it can cross the 250 mark .So Mayawati would emerge as the Prime Minister.

The
position of Left in Kerala is very precarious and it will loose there
heavily .The same can happen in West Bengal too.The supporters of BJP are dismayed over its
double-speak and the way it  dithered to support the Indo-US Nuclear
deal which is very important for the country.It will suffer most
because its voters are relatively literate and aware of the
International affairs.Kapil Sibbal,the Science and Environment minister
very aptly described that the ”BJP  has kissed death”.

 These
political developments do not auger well for India as everybody knows
how these regional leaders have conducted themselves in the past.They
have grabbed their position by promising the most downtrodden segments
of our society a better future. While they have managed to amass
unbelievable fortune for themselves leaving the masses to remain in
perpetual poverty.Perhaps politicians like Mayawati would like to
change that perception.Her effort to beautify
Varanshi is praisworthy and shows that she has the insight and vision.




BAHUJAN SAMAJ PARTY - KARNATAKA
BBMP UNIT- BANGALORE

IV  ASSEMBLY  CONSTITUENCY                                      Loksabha Con………….. 

Committee:  CV.Ramannagar                                                 No & Name……………..

 

IN-CHARGE : J.CHANDRASEKHARAN S/O LATE M.JAGATHEESAN RETD.SR.MANAGER (DESIGN) ARDC HAL – Membership Reg.No.279530

Sl.No.in the Voter’s list-Part 161/154 33 HGB5521729                                                                         
                                                 

 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

SL No

Designation

Name, address

and Tel

Father/  Husband’s name

Qualification

Membership Reg No

Sl No in the Voters list, other Details

Sign

Photo Latest

01

President

 

If SC

Caste: SC(AK)

Airport ward No 79

 B.T.Srinivas #10 9th cr N.R. coly HAL 3rd stg B-17

9845057417

 Late Thimmaiah

 SSLC Pass

 277924

 HGB3417730

Sl.no-1024

 

 

02

Assembly Gen.

 

Secretary if SC

Caste SC(Holaya)

Airport ward No 79

 K.Balasubramaniam #155 7th cr Anandpuram B-75

9341276264

Kandaswamy

 SSLC

 277924

 HGB3407806

Sl.no-188

 

 

03

Treasurer

JB Nagar  ward No.78

 Chandrakanth

#235 18th mn rd HAL 2nd stg Indra ngr B-8

9342577655

 Bhandwalkar

 DME

 277926

 

 

 

04

a)

Assembly Organizing

 

Secretary  (in charge)

(Of one Sector)

Name of the Sector

CV Raman Nagar ward No.73

 Gangadharan

#007 scion vista apt opp BEML

9845283663

 Nagappa

 B.E

 277927

 GM palya

 

 

b)

Secretary

JB Nagar  ward No.78

Shivanna

9845866307

Doddaiah

BA

277928

 

 

c)

BVF Commander

JB Nagar  ward No.78

Chandra Mohan Singh

9845722900

BS Chauhan

PG Diploma

277929

 

 

d)

BAMCEF co-ordinator

JB Nagar  ward No.78

N.Ethiraj

368 5th mn rd HAL 3rd stg B-75

08025284040

Lt.Nathamuni

PUC

277936

 

 

e)

Office Secretery

Airport ward No 79

Shivaraj

316/A 12th cr Anandapuram B-75

9900267669

Perumal

PUC

277930

Sl no.2753

 

f)

Brotherhood committee president

Airport ward No 79

Jayaram Reddy

9886488413

Chinnappa Reddy

SSLC

277931

 

 

 

g)

Brotherhood committee Gen.Sec

Ward President

Airport ward No 79

M.Suresh 253 5th mn rd Anadpuram JB ngr B-75

9980425686

Muthu

SSLC

277932

HGB2949907

Sl.no1494

 

h)

Ward president

M.Gunasekar 118 Nanthanair rd Murphy twn B-8

9845103370

 

 

277933

 

 

i)

Ward president

Beniganahalli

ward No.48

Shivchandar.D 300 2nd F mn old Baiyapanali MS playa B-33

Raju

8th Std.

277934

 

 

j)

Ward secretary

Airport ward No 79

K.Venu

196/B NR layout Konena Agrahara

B-17

9341705642

 

 

277935

 

 

h)

BAMCEFCo-coordinator

.V.Kesavel 72Dr.Babasaheb Col.                16th mn.rd.HAL2nd stg. B-8         

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


JAGATHEESAN CHANDRASEKHARAN (JC) PROFILE

 

MIGHTY GREAT MINDS

JAGATHEESAN CHANDRASEKHARAN (JC)
Life History: At A Glance

 

Full Name

Jagatheesan Chandrasekharan (JC)

 

·         District Secretary BSP BBMP In-Charge CV Raman Nagar Assembly Constituency.

·           Serving BSP since its inception. Membership Registration No.279530

Sl.No. in the Voter’s List

Part 161/154 33 HGB5521729

 

People affectionately call

JC

Father’s name

Late Mr. M.Jagatheesan, Ex. Chairman Bench Court Mayo Hall Bangalore

 

Mother’s name

Mrs. Sugirthammal
and Mrs.Sakuntala Ammal(housewives), who provided economic sustenance
to the family through her untiring efforts, took keen interest in
education of all her children and made them capable in life.

Date of Birth

03rd December 1942

Place of Birth

Bangalore

In Father’s Family

Eight brothers and Five sisters (besides himself)

His own family

Entire Mighty Great Minds

His Everything

Dedicated
to welfare, Happiness and Peace all Mighty Great Minds in general and
to convert all aboriginal inhabitants of Jambudvip, that is the Great
Prabuddha Bharth and Prapanch as Mighty Great Minds.

Dearest to heart

& Political Goal

Welfare
and empowerment of “Aboriginal Inhabitants of Jambudvipa, that is the
Great Prabuddha Bharath” section of the society by acquiring the Master
Key through ballet Box in the most democratic and peaceful manner.

Ancestral Village

Ashok Nagar renamed from Shoolay by his uncle Late Mr.M. Jayaseelan Ex. Dy.Mayor of Bangalore

Field of Action

Creation
of leaders to acquire the Master Key. As In-Charge of CV Raman Nagar
Assembly Constituency, worked as a team with all the Office Bearers and
completed the task of forming Assembly, Ward, Sector Committees with
BAMCEF, Brotherhood, BVF in tact. The entire team is a model Assembly
Constituency emulated by all other Assembly Constituencies with

the
sole object of empowering Ms Mayawati, the Prabuddha Baratha Matha as
the Prime Minister of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath

Things fond of

Normal light Indian Vegan Food. (Breakfast and Lunch)

Marital Status

Married. Wife MRS.C. Navaneetham (House Wife) BSP Membership Reg.No.279532

Daughter Mrs.Banu Rekha Pradeep Kumar (Teacher) BSP Membership Reg.No.279535

Son-in-law Mr.NS Pradeep Kumar (Railway Guard ) BSP Membership Reg.No.279537

Grand Children Master P.Tushar Kumar and Master P.Harshith Kumar

Son Mr.C.Sashikanth (MBA working in USA) BSP Membership Reg.No.279531

Daughter-in-law Mrs. Shifalika Sashikanth (MBA working in USA) BSP Membership Reg.No.279536

Grand Son Master S.Pranay

Educational Status

 Diploma In Mechanical Engineering (Instrument Mechanics)

Occupation & Income

Retd. Senior Manager Aircraft Research and Design Centre Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. Bangalore.

Contented with Bank Interest of around Rs.10,000 earning through Fixed Deposit of Rs.15 Lakhs, supported by Son for medical expences of my wife + a Maruti 800 Car and a bicycle.

Permanent Address

# 668 5th A Main Road

8th Cross HAL 3rd Stage

Bangalore-560075

Phone Nos.

91-080-25203792 91-080-42053483 Mob.9449260443

Technical Experience

Designed
100 seat aircraft using the latest state of the art Integrated Product
Design and Development Manufacturing concept. Used latest Application
Software such as UNIGRAPHICS, CATIA and other analysis and Product
Development software. Was responsible for training hundreds of
engineers.

SC/ST activities

Ever since appointment in HAL in the year 1962 was responsible for founding HAL SC/ST
Welfare Association. Later on went to Hyderabad, Nashik, Koraput,
Kanpur, Lucknow and Korwa (Ameti) Divisions and founded All India HAL
SC/ST Welfare Association and was responsible for implementing
Reservation policy and got many Appointments and Promotions by taking
up cases to National Commission for SC/STs and by filing writ petitions
in High Court and by making the Parlimantary Committee for SC/STs to
visit HAL for the proper implementation of Reservation policy.

Defended many false cases filed by the management against SC/STs as defence council and relieved their suffering.

Was responsible for including 22.5% of SC/STs in the latest Computer training who were barred earlier.

Because of such efforts many retired from HAL as General Managers, AGMs, DGMs, and so on.

 

Founded HAL SC/STs
and Safai Workers Multi Purpose Co-operative Society, since the
Management promised that all sanitary and Horticultural Contracts would
be given to such a society, but the promise was broken. However their
working condition including their wages were increased because of the
Association’s efforts.

Political Experience:

1984

In HAL SC/STs
and Safai workers as a team was keenly observing and supported the
activities of Manyawar Kanshi Ram Ji’s DS4, BASMCEF and later on BSP.

 

Interacted
with Manyawar Kanshi Ram Ji and discussed with him on the latest
emerging Information Technology for BSP to adopt. He suggested to help
Karnataka BSP in that aspect.

 

Created http://sarvajan.ambedkar.org and publishing all positive news of BSP. Thousands of emails are sent on the same to the well wishers of the movement.

Social & Cultural activities

 

To
serve the Aboriginal Inhabitants of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great
Prabuddha Bharath (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward
Classes (
OBCs) and religious minorities)—and encourage activities for their overall development.

Special Inclination 

Educate and organise the poor, oppressed and impoverished sections of the society to fight for their legal and constitutional rights.

Life’s Aim 

To
be a Arahat and to strive and To remain engaged in helping many more to
practice Arahatship through Social Engineering for
  “social
transformation and economic liberation” of the Aboriginal Inhabitants
of Jambudvipa, thatis, the Great Prabuddha Bharath, so that about 85
per cent people of more than a hundred crore
population, representing them could be brought in the national
mainstream. Poor of other sections of the society are also to be
educationally and economically uplifted for their welfare, happiness
and ultimate peace and bliss.

Body and Mind Development Activities 

Getting
up early in the morning at 03:30 AM Exercise with walking, cycling and
swimming. Winning Gold, Silver, and Gold medals in Swimming
Competetions.

 

Passed Two Hours Trials for English Channel Relay for July 2010

Always practicing Meditation after training on Pabbaja, Vipassana and Zen Meditation Training.

 

Created the following Poems for

 

THREE BASKETS STUDY CIRCLE

Entire Jetavana spread by Gold to the Mighty Great Mind was bought !

For spreading Ultimate Bliss through welfare activities of the all the living sentient and non-sentient beings lot!
Rs.36 Crores towards Income Tax for Rs.900 Crores is Ms Mayawati,s Birthday Gift !
But it is enough Not !
For equal distribution of Rs.9,53,231 of the Nation’s Budget !
That is to be got through Sarvajans’ Vote !
For the peace, welfare and happiness of all including the Have-not !
Hence for BSP Elephant you Vote !

SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION THE BASKET NUMBER ONE
THROUGH SOCIAL ENGINEERING THE BASKET NUMBER TWO
FOR ACHIEVING ECONOMIC EMANCIPATION THE BASKET NUMBER THREE
FOR THE PEACE, WELFARE AND HAPPINESS OF ALL

GET UP EARLY IN THE MORNING !
AFTER BRUSHING, WASHING AND BATHING !
PRACTICE ALL PARTS OF YOUR BODY MOVING !
DO BODY AND MIND BALANCING
!
BY WALKING, SWIMMING AND CYCLING
!
FOR YOUR WELL BEING
!

FOR SELF RESPECT!

GET A VOTE AND A NOTE!

FOR BSP!

DONT WAIT!  BUT BAIT!

TO GRAB THE MASTER KEY!

 

 

Make me PM

Write Down on the Wall was Dr. Ambedkar’s Sign !

Two Thousand Nine !

Will Be Mine !

- Says Ms Mayawati Bahen !

 

 

2008 Bahen Mayawati the UttarPradesh Chief Minister !

2009 Prabuddha Bharatha Matha the Prime Minister !

Now is all that you have!

By voting for BSP, the Nation you save!


comments (0)
02/17/09
LESSON 6- VOTE BSP ELEPHANT FOR CHANGE FOR THE BETTER-FOR SELF RESPECT! GET A VOTE AND A NOTE! FOR BSP! DONT WAIT BUT BAIT! TO GRAB THE MASTER KEY!-Make me PM Write Down on the Wall was Dr. Ambedkar’s Sign ! Two Thousand Nine ! Will Be Mine ! - Says Ms Mayawati Bahen ! Now is all that you have! By voting for BSP, the Nation you save! 2008 Bahen Mayawati the UttarPradesh Chief Minister !-2009 Prabuddha Bharatha Matha the Prime Minister !-BSP to contest all Lok Sabha seats-C.M. grieved-Uttar Pradesh Budget 2009-2010 Salient Features Press Information Bureau Information and Public Relations Department Uttar Pradesh-
Filed under: General
Posted by: site admin @ 10:50 am

LESSON 6

BSP to contest all Lok Sabha seats


Special Correspondent


Candidates finalised for most seats

List to be released next week


BANGALORE: The Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) will field candidates in all 28 Lok Sabha constituencies in the State.

President of the State unit of the BSP Marasandra Muniyappa told
presspersons here on Friday that the party had finalised the candidates
for a majority of the seats in the State, and the list would be
announced next week.

Mr. Muniyappa appealed to Chief Minister B.S. Yeddyurappa, who holds
the Finance portfolio, to allocate funds in the budget for welfare
schemes for different sections of society on the basis of their
population. The BJP Government should set aside 23 per cent of the
budget for the welfare of Dalits.

“Muslims, Christians and other minorities such as Parsis and Sikhs,
who constitute 14 to 16 per cent of the population, should be entitled
to a corresponding percentage of the budget,” he said.

He criticised the BJP Government’s “mishandling” of the finances
during 2008-09. Among other failures, the Government, which had set
aside Rs. 650 crore for improving Dalit hostels, had used no more than
Rs. 250 crore with more than 60 per cent of funds remaining unspent.
Similarly, there were allegations of misappropriation of funds in the
Rs. 140-crore scheme to distribute bicycles to students.


Criticised

Mr. Muniyappa criticised Sri Rama Sene leader Pramod Muthalik and
asked the Government to take stern measures against him and his
followers for letting loose violence in the name of Hindutva.

The BSP criticised National Students Union of India (NSUI) activists
for ransacking the official chambers of the Vice-Chancellor of the
University of Mysore during their protest against the anti-terrorism
campaign launched by the BJP Government.

CV
Raman Nagar Assembly Constituency has been asked to nominate a person
for Central Bangalore Consituency. The Criteria is a good candidate who
can spend around 50 Lakhs to one crore.

Following are the Mighty Great Minds suggested by CV Raman Office bearers

Sarvashri

Gopi Nath General Secretary BSP Karnataka

Chikkanna Retired Canara Bank Manager BBMP President

Bulla Subba Rao Retd.Principal Secretary to Govt.of Karnataka Secretary BSP Karnataka

Dr. Devendran IAS

BT Srinivas who contested the last CV Raman Assy.

Compound Srinivas who is capable of spending

J.Chandrasekharan Retd. Sr.Manager ARDC HAL Dist.Sec. Incharge CV Raman Assy. Const.

If you can mobalise funds from our friends, I can think of the candidature.

I am for a Vote and a Note

Uttar Pradesh Budget
2009-2010
Salient Features

Press Information Bureau
Information and Public Relations Department
Uttar Pradesh

BUDGET 2009-10 At A GLANCE
                                (In crore Rupees)
Item                           BudgetEstimates 2008-09  Revised Estimates 2008-09   Budget Estimates 2009-10
1                                        2                               3                                     4
Opening Balance            3364.30                        *5451.45                        1231.75
1.Consolidated Fund
(I)Receipts
(a) Revenue Receipts       85806.35                       85146.44                        94439.84
(b)Capital Receipts
(i)Receipts from loans       
#24432.63                   11207.63                       #26459.35
(ii)Recovery of Loans and  588.89                         599.93                          603.77
Advance
Total,(b) Capital Receipts  25021.52                     11807.56                        27063.12
Total-1-, Receipts              10827.87                     96954.00                        21502.96
(II)Expenditure
(a)Revenue Expenditure    74828.67                    81040.90                         92866.65
(b)Capital Expenditure
(i)Capital Outlay             
22554.10                    24353.53                         24204.70
(ii)Repayment of loans      #14378.57                    4381.36                         #15254.68
(iii)Loans and Advances   711.38                         908.80                           1270.95
Total,(b)Capital
Expenditure                     37644.05                    29643.69                        40730.33
Total-2-, Expenditure       112472.72                110684.59                          133596.98
Deficit(-)/Surplus(+) of
Consolidated fund           (-)1644.85                 (-)13730.59                       (-)12094.02
2.Contingency Fund (net) 0.00                          0.00                                  0.00
3.Public Account (net)     3475.60                     9510.89                             12215.00
Net Result of All
Transactions                  1830.75                      (-)4219.70                         120.98
Closing Balance             5195.05                      1231.75                           1352.73
*As per RBI figures.
#This includes Rs.10,000.00 crore given by RBI in shape of advance for economic
measures in the budget estimates for 2008-09 and the budget for 2009-10.

 
Salient Features of the Budget for 2009-10

• The Uttar Pradesh Government aims to establish a society based on
equality by following the principles of ‘Sarvajan Hitay Sarvajan
Sukhay’. The State Government is making all-out efforts to achieve
this aim.
• Mutual interest and humanity have found expression in the budget
for 2009-10 for the prosperity of farmers, poverty eradiation,
education, health and improvement in the condition of women and
children.
• Top priority has been accorded to the development of infrastructure
facilities, like energy, roads, bridges and irrigation in order to
ensure all-round development of the State.
• The development of human asset is possible only through education
and public health as they significantly contribute to the success of
development programmes. These two sectors have been given
utmost priority by the State Government.
• Uttar Pradesh is predominantly an agricultural State, where most of
the people are engaged in agriculture and related activities. The
contribution of this sector in the State’s economy is 28 per cent.
Keeping this in view, the State Government has accorded top
priority to this sector.
• Budgetary provision for 2009-10 is of the size of Rs. 1,33,596.98
crore, up by 19 per cent over the budget for 2008-09.
• New schemes costing Rs. 4,662.41 crore have been proposed in
this budget.
• An outlay of Rs. 24,204.70 crore has been made under the capital
head, which is Rs. 1,650.60 crore up over the last year.
• The year 2009-10 is the third year of the 11th Five Year Plan. A
provision of Rs. 40,250.58 crore has been made under the plan
schemes for the balanced socio-economic development of the State.
• Under the Special Component Plan, a provision of Rs. 8,455.52
crore has been made, which is about 21 per cent more than the
provision made in budget for 2008-09.
• The Annual Plan size has not as yet been finalised by the Planning
Commission. The State Government has fixed an interim outlay of
Rs. 36,000 crore for the year 2009-10.
Budgetary estimates of 2009-10
Receipts
• Total receipts of Rs. 1,21,502.96 crore are estimated in the year
2009-10.

• The total receipts include Rs. 94,439.84 crore by way of revenue
receipts and Rs. 27,063.12 crore by way of capital receipts.
• The share of tax revenue in revenue receipts during 2009-10 is to
the tune of Rs. 73,114.20 crore. This includes Rs. 39,658.38 crore
as State’s share in Central taxes.
Expenditure
• Total expenditure of Rs. 1,33,596.98 crore is estimated in the year
2009-10.
• Total expenditure includes Rs. 92,866.65 crore in shape of revenue
expenditure and Rs. 40,730.33 crore in shape of capital
expenditure.
• A plan expenditure of Rs. 40,250.58 crore is estimated in the 2009-
10 budget.
Revenue Savings
• Revenue savings for the year 2009-10 are estimated to be of the
order of Rs. 1,573.19 crore. In the last year’s budget, it was Rs.
10,977.68 crore and in revised estimates it is Rs. 4,105.54 crore.
Fiscal Deficit
• A fiscal deficit is estimated to be Rs. 23,298.69 crore in the financial
year 2009-10, which is 5.3 per cent of the Gross State Domestic
Product. During the last year’s budget, it was Rs. 11,698.91 crore
and in the revised estimates it is 20,556.86 crore, which is 4 and
5.3 per cent respectively of the Gross State Domestic Product.
Consolidated Fund
• Deficit is estimated to be of the order of Rs. 12,094.02 crore during
the year 2009-10 after subtracting total expenditure from the
receipts of consolidated fund.
Adjustment from Public Account
• To make over the deficit of consolidated fund in 2009-10, Rs.
12,215 crore is to be adjusted from the Public Account.
Net Result of all Transactions
• The Net Result of all Transactions in 2009-10 is estimated at Rs.
120.98 crore.
Closing Balance
• A closing balance of Rs. 1,231.75 crore is estimated in 2009-10
after taking the opening balance of Rs. 1,352.73 crore into account.

Main Schemes and Programmes included
in the 2009-10 Budget
Sarvajan Hitay, Sarvajan Sukhay
• A provision of Rs. 9,400 crore has been made for the various
schemes being implemented for the social security and welfare of
weaker and deprived sections of society, which is 29 per cent more
than the provision made in the last year’s budget.
• Mahamaya Garib Balika Ashirvad Yojana has been launched to
make the girls self-dependent and develop a positive thinking in
society to their birth, besides encouraging adult marriages. An
amount of Rs. 900 crore has been earmarked in the budget for
2009-10 for the purpose.
• Savitri Bai Phule Balika Shiksha Madad Yojana has been
launched to encourage girl education of the BPL families. An
amount of Rs. 412 crore has been provided in the budget.
• A provision of Rs. 1,704 crore has been made under the Oldage/
Kisan Pension Scheme to cover all eligible old people above 60
years.
• About 1.37 crore students belonging to SC/ST and General
categories studying in pre-10th and post 10th classes will be
benefited under the Pre-10th and Post 10th Scholarship Scheme. An
amount of Rs. 1,193 crore has been earmarked for the purpose.
• Under the Scholarship Scheme, an amount of Rs. 839 crore has
been provided to benefit students belonging to backward classes.
• A provision of Rs. 179 crore has been made in this budget for
reimbursement of fee to the post-10th students belonging to
backward classes at the rates applicable in government educational
institutions.
• A provision of Rs. 120 crore has been made in this budget to ease
the burden of debt on poor and unemployed beneficiaries of
scheduled castes (SC), whose loans under several self-employment
schemes are more than 10 years old and are unable to repay them.
• A sum of Rs. 78 crore has been provided in this budget under the
National Family Benefit Scheme, to provide monetary assistance of
Rs. 20,000 to the BPL family, in case of the death of its breadwinner.
• Rs. 117 crore has been earmarked for providing financial assistance
for the marriage and treatment of girls belonging to poor families.
Disabled Welfare
• Dr. Shakuntala Mishra University for Disabled Persons set up in
Lucknow to provide higher education to disabled children of various
categories.

• A provision of Rs. 239 crore has been made in the budget for 2009-
10 for subsistence of disabled destitutes.
• Rs. 2.50 crore earmarked to provide subsidy to the needy to
purchase artificial limbs and hearing aids.
Minorities Welfare
• Alia level 100 recognised Madarsas will be included in the grants
list.
• Arabic-Persian University will be opened in Lucknow for encouraging
Arbi-Farsi education.
• Under the Scholarship Scheme for minorities, an amount of Rs. 212
crore has been earmarked in the financial year 2009-10 for giving
scholarships to pre-10th and post-10th students them.
• Rs. 4.40 crore earmarked for the construction of Haj House at
Lucknow and Ghaziabad.
• The annual grant of Uttar Pradesh Urdu Academy has been doubled.
Infrastructure
Energy
• A provision of Rs. 9,846 crore has been made in the budget for
various schemes under implementation for increasing the power
generation capacity and improving the power supply system.
• An amount of Rs. 170 crore has been provided in the budget for the
setting up of two units of 250 M.W. at Harduaganj Extension Project
IInd Phase.
• The capacity of the unit 3 and 4 of Panki Thermal Power Plant will
be increased from 110 M.W. to 120 M.W. An arrangement of Rs.
100 crore has been made in the budget.
• Decision has been taken to set up a 2000 M.W. power project in
Fatehpur as a joint venture between U.P. Power Generation
Corporation and Neyveli Lignite Corporation at a cost of about Rs.
10,000 crore. A sum of Rs. 50 crore has been provided in the
budget for 2009-10.
• The input based franchisee system is being implemented in a
phased manner in the urban areas to ensure uninterrupted power
supply and efficient distribution system in the State.
Roads and Bridges
• A provision of Rs. 7,657 crore made for roads and bridges in budget
for 2009-10.
• An amount of Rs. 1,983 crore earmarked in the budget under the
schemes for up-gradation and strengthening of state highways,widening and strengthening of highways, up-gradation of district
roads and construction of link roads in rural areas.
• Provision of Rs. 3,609 crore proposed for the construction of rural
roads.
• An amount of Rs. 127 crore provided for construction of new
bridges over important rivers and nullahs of state and Rs. 90 crore
for railway over bridges respectively.
Transport
• Target has been fixed to purchase 2,209 buses in 2009-10.
• Agreement made by the State Government with the neighbouring
states in the National Capital Region in order to provide easy and
cheap inter state transport system to people.
• U.P. State Road Transport Passenger Infrastructure Development
Corporation set up in order to provide high quality bus service and
improve transport system.
• Metro Rail is being set up from Delhi to Noida.
• Work started on Metro Rail project in Lucknow and Kanpur city.
• Decision taken to establish world level Driver Training Institute in
partnership with the private sector.
Irrigation
• Provision of Rs. 6,231 crore made in the budget for irrigation and
flood control projects, which is about 14 percent more than last
year.
• Rs. 135 crore budgetary provision for new irrigation and flood
control projects.
• Most backward and drought affected area Bundelkhand is being be
considered by the Government to be brought under the second
phase of ‘Uttar Pradesh Water Sector Restructuring Project’, for
coordination of water availability and management in Bundelkhand
area for increasing agricultural production and diversification of
agriculture.
Urban Infrastructure
• An amount of Rs. 4,845 crore provided in the budget for housing,
drinking water, sewerage and other urban development programme
under urban infrastructure, which is 27 percent more than the
provision made last year.
• Provision of Rs. 1,250 crore made in the budget for houses to the
urban poor free of cost under Manyawar Shri Kanshiram Ji
Shahari Garib Awas Yojana. Target for construction of one lakh
one thousand houses under the scheme.
• Sarvjan Hitay Shahari Garib Awas Malikana Haq Yojana
launched to provide ownership rights to the poor who were living inhouses built on unauthorised government land before January 15,
2009 over 30 Sq. meter of land.
• Separate amount of Rs. 400 crore earmarked for all round
development of Lucknow city. Besides, several schemes launched
for expansion and development of basic facilities in Allahabad,
Faizabad-Ayodhya, Kanpur-Bithoor, Kannauj, Agra, Mathura-
Vrindavan, Meerut and Varanasi.
• An amount of Rs. 200 crore earmarked in the budget for interest
free loan to urban bodies for expansion of infrastructure facilities
and development works under Manyawar Shri Kanshiram Ji
Nagar Vikas Yojana.
• An amount of Rs. 250 crore provided in the budget for 2009-10 to
provide housing and other basic facilities to 14,000 persons under
Integrated Housing and Slum Development Scheme.
• Rs. 100 crore budgetary provision made under Adarsh Nagar Yojana
for development of infrastructure facilities in the small urban bodies
with less population not covered under J.N.N.U.R.M. and Urban
Infrastructure Development Scheme for Small and Medium Towns
Scheme.
• A budgetary provision of Rs. 230 crore, made in the budget for
2009-10 under the Basic Services for Urban Poor Scheme for basic
facilities, including housing, for 7000 persons in the cities of the
state with more than 10 lakh population.
• Target to convert 2 lakh dry latrines into sewer latrines in 2009-10
under the scheme for conversion/construction of dry latrines into
sewer latrines.
• An amount of Rs. 142 crore provided for the development of cities
and sanitation in all urban bodies of the state.
• Provision Rs. 112 crore made in the budget for River Pollution
Control Programme.
Social Infrastructure
• Provision of Rs. 19,037 crore made in the budget for the education
sector, which is 42 percent more than last year.
• Honorarium of Shiksha Mitra increased from Rs. 3000 to Rs. 3500
per month.
• At least one Girls’ High School to be opened in each development
block in partnership with private management in 426 identified
development blocks in 2009-10 to provide secondary level
education to girls.
• About 3,000 new primary schools, 710 new junior high schools and
10,000 additional class-rooms will be constructed in 2009-10.
• Target for construction of boundary walls of 14,000 schools and
electrification of 42,000 schools fixed under Sarv Shiksha Abhiyan
Yojana in 2009-10.
Rs. 72 crore provided for strengthening of primary and junior high
schools in 2009-10.
• Rs. 35 crore earmarked made for construction of Government
Higher Secondary Schools.
• Provision of Rs. 1,211 crore made in 2009-10 for Government
Degree Colleges, aided and non-government degree colleges, state
universities and other higher education programmes.
• An amount of Rs. 13 crore provided to cover 11,460 boy and girl
students of Universities and Degree Colleges under the Scholarship
Scheme for talented students.
• State Quality Assurance Agency will be set up to evaluate the
quality of higher education in Universities and Degree Colleges.
Technical and Vocational Education
• A New Technical University will be set in Kanpur.
• Five New Indian Information Technology Institutes are proposed to
be set up.
• Virtual classrooms will be opened for enhancing the technical
knowledge of engineering students and their skill development in
other areas.
Medical and Health
• An amount of Rs. 6,503 crore has been made in the budget for
Medical, Health and Family Welfare Schemes, which is 16 percent
more than the last year.
• Budgetary provisions of Rs. 85 crore made for the construction of
PHCs and Rs. 290 crore for CHCs buildings in 2009-10.
• An amount of Rs. 266.36 crore earmarked in 2009-10 under the
medicine and chemicals head, which is 14 percent more than the
provision of Rs. 233.67 crore made last year.
• Provision for free treatment of Japanese Encephalitis and Acquired
Encephalitis Syndrome in all District Hospitals of the State. Out of
34 districts affected from J.E., 2.72 crore children vaccinated in 27
districts. Vaccination in remaining 7 districts would be done in
2009-10.
• A provision of Rs. 1240 crore made in the budget of 2009-10 for
Family Welfare Programme, which is 25 percent more than last
year.
• An amount of Rs. 300 crore provided for State’s share in the
National Rural Health Mission, which is 28 percent more than last
year.
• Janani Suraksha Yojana is being implemented for bringing about
decrease in maternity mortality rate through safe delivery.
• An amount of Rs. 1,239 crore provided for Allopathic Medical
Colleges, Medical University and super specialty Medical Institutes.
Provisions for free treatment of BPL, handicapped and poor patients
in Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow.
• Provision of Rs. 362 crore in the budget for Ayurvedic and Unani
hospitals.
• With a view to promoting Unani System of medicine, a separate
Unani Directorate has been created.
• Provision of Rs. 184 crore made for the construction, strengthening
and up-gradation of Homoeopathic Medical Colleges and
Government Homeopathic Hospitals.
Women and Child Development
• With the objective of making girls self-dependent, developing a
positive attitude in society on their birth and to promote adult
marriages Mahamaya Garib Balika Ashirwad Yojana has been
launched. Under the scheme a provision of Rs. 150 crore in the
financial year 2008-09 and Rs.900 crore for the financial year 2009-
10 has been made.
• A provision of Rs. six crore for establishment of homes (Ashrams)
for old women and 19 crore for imparting employment oriented
training through N.G.Os. has been made.
• A provision of Rs. 561 crore has been made under grant scheme for
the education of widows and their children. This will benefit 15 lakh
63 thousand destitute women.
• Under Integrated Child Development Programme a sum of Rs. 1708
crore has been earmarked.
• Provision of Rs. 1022 crore has been made in the financial year
2009-10 to benefit 2 crore 26 lakh beneficiaries under
Supplementary Meal Scheme.
Agriculture and Allied activities
• A provision of approximately Rs. 11064 crore year has been made
in this budget for Agriculture and allied activities which is 23 per
cent more than the previous year.
• A provision of Rs. 619 crore has been made for National Agriculture
Development Scheme.
• Multi Dimensional Farmer Interest Scheme is being implemented
with the objective of making fallow land cultivable. The project
costing Rs. 171 core will treat 1.40 lakh hectares land per annum
and will create 1.10 crore man days.
Subsidy on Gypsum and Zinc Sulphate fertilizer has been increased
from 50 per cent to 90 per cent with an objective of providing relief
to the farmers.
• For ensuring remunerative price to the potato growers, potato
support prize raised from Rs. 250 per quintal to Rs. 300 per quintal.
• Decision to provide 90 per cent subsidy on Bio-fertilizer to the
farmers with a view to promote long term use of bio-fertilizers.
• Arrangement of Rs. 51 crore for seed distribution and Rs. 32 crore
for distribution of fertilizers to the farmers has been made.
• Provision of Rs. 70 crore for subsidy on certified seeds.
• Provision of Rs. 219 crore for Integrated Rain Water Management
Project.
• Provision of Rs. 50 crore for Uttar Pradesh Sodic Land Reclamation
Project-III.
• Keeping in view the specific geographical and environmental
conditions of Bundelkhand, in 2009-10 a provision of Rs. 50 crore
for the establishment of Agriculture University at Banda for
agricultural research, education and extension.
• Facility of Sprinkler and drip irrigation is being provided in
Bundelkhand for optimal use of harvested rain water and gathered
water for irrigation. This facility is being provided to small and
marginal SC/ST farmers with cent-per cent subsidy and to other
farmers with 75 per cent subsidy.
• VAT on Sprinkler and drip irrigation reduced from 12.5 per cent to
four per cent.
• State Advisory Price of Rs. 145 per quintal for early cane variety,
Rs. 140 for common variety and Rs. 137.50 for other cane variety
announced for the year 2008-09. This is the maximum increase till
date. With this hike cane growers of the State will have an
additional income of approximately Rs. 950 crore.
• During the cane crushing session 2008-09, a total of 132 Sugar
mills are operational, out of these 93 belong to private sector, 25 to
U.P. Cooperative Sugar Mills Federation and 14 mills are of U.P.
State Sugar Corporation. As per the status on Jan 31, 2009 a total
of 343.80 lakh ton cane was crushed and 30.32 lakh ton sugar was
produced.
• Rs. 3905 crore as against Rs. 4022 crore of the total cane dues for
the current crushing session has been paid as per status of Feb 5,
2009. Thus almost 97 per cent cane dues to farmers has beencleared. A provision of Rs. 279 crore has been made in the budget
for payment of cane dues.
Rural Development
• Under Dr. Ambedkar Gram Sabha Vikas Yojana a target of six lakh
for BPL and approximately one lakh individual toilets for APL has
been set for the 3712 Dr. Ambedkar Gram Sabhas selected for the
financial year 2009-10. For other village Panchayats a target of
12.89 lakh toilets for BPL families and 1.29 lakh toilets for APL
families has been fixed.
• Rs. 131 core has been proposed for BPL families of 45 districts in
2009-10 under the National Health Insurance Scheme.
• In 2009-10 expenditure of Rs. 3000 crore estimated under Pradhan
Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
• Provision of Rs. 1000 crore proposed for Rural Electrification.
• With the objective of conducting the three-tier Panchayat General
Elections scheduled for the year 2010 through Electronic Voting
Machine, provision of Rs. 125 crore in the Budget.
• Under the Rural Drinking Water scheme, Accelerated Rural Drinking
Water Scheme and Rural Drinking Water Supply Scheme are being
implemented. In the year 2009-10 budgetary provision of Rs. 378
crore for Accelerated Rural Drinking Water Schemes has been
proposed.
• Provision of Rs. 20 crore for construction of Community Hall in
SC/ST dominated villages.
• For the year 2009-10 provision of Rs. 237 crore as State share in
National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme.
• Provision of Rs. 135 crore under Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarojgar
Yojna for the year 2009-10 and a target of benefiting 3.20 lakh
persons with self employment has been set.
• For ensuring meaningful employment to the families partially above
the poverty line, budgetary provision of Rs. 4.00 crore has been
made under Dr. Ambedkar Special Employment Scheme.
• Under Command Area Development and Water Management
Programme, for the year 2009-10 a target of 1.14 lakh hectares
special area development has been fixed and generation of
approximately 45 lakh man days estimated.
• Under Drought Prone Area Programme a provision of Rs. 15 crore in
the budget has been made. A target of reclaiming 1.12 lakh hectare
areas and generation of approximately 32 lakh man day’s
employment estimated.
• Under Integrated Sodic Land Development Programme target of
reclaiming 1.40 lakh hectare sodic land has been set and generation
of 33 lakh man days employment estimated.
• During 2009-10 target of 1.73 lakh free boring has been fixed for
which a budget of Rs. 68 crore is proposed.
• Target of generating 3 lakh 65 thousand additional irrigation
capacity to be achieved by 1810 deep boring, 4706 medium depth
boring, 73 recharging check dams, 600 community tube wells, 52
community Blast Wells and other private minor irrigation projects.
Rural Infrastructure
• Budgetary provision of Rs. 223 crore has been made for
construction of 2 lakh 85 thousand houses under Indira Awas Yojna.
• Provision of Rs. 200 crore for Scheduled Castes Housing Scheme
(Mahamaya Awas Yojna).
• Under Mahamaya Sarvajan Awas Yojna, a provision of Rs. 90 crore
for providing houses to all eligible BPL homeless SC/ST families in
selected Gram Sabhas.
• Under Dr. Ambedkar Gram Sabha Development Scheme, budgetary
provision of Rs. 1457 crore under special component plan for
saturating all revenue villages of selected 3712 Gram Sabhas with
electricity and link roads.
• For the Rural Infrastructure Development Schemes funded by Rural
Infrastructure Development Fund, a provision of Rs. 1440 crore
made for 2009-10 as against Rs. 750 crores for the year 2008-09.
• Provision of Rs. 2245 crore for construction of rural roads to
augment agricultural marketing.
• Provision of Rs. 151 crore for reconstruction, widening and upgradation
of rural roads and minor bridges.
• Provision of Rs. 1242 crore for construction of CC roads and pucci
nali.
• A target of providing employment to 50,000 persons and generation
of 35 lakh man days is fixed which is to be achieved by increasing
fish production to 4.19 lakh tonns with the implementation of inter
regional fisheries development projects in the state.
• A target of construction of 4000 houses and installation of 400 hand
pumps for homeless fisherman families of lower income group.
Integrated Regional Development
• A provision of Rs. 330 crore for special schemes of Bundelkhand
and Poorvanchal under Special Area Programme.
• Two new minor irrigation projects proposed for improvement in
irrigation system of plateau area of Bundelkhand. These projects
include construction of Kazipur Pump Canal and 22 new check dams
in Chitrakoot.
• Provision of Rs. 25 crores for repair of damaged dams of
Bundelhkand and Poorvanchal regions. Provision of Rs. 150 crore
for special schemes in these regions.
Industrial Development
• Target of establishing 33000 micro and minor enterprises, will
provide employment opportunities to 1.30 lakh people.
• 78 clusters to be developed under Cluster Development Scheme so
as to provide all industrial facilities to minor industries.
• Target of providing employment to 30000 weavers by producing 62
crore meter handloom cloth.
• “Modernization and Integrated Development Scheme for Powerloom
Sector” is being introduced in 2009-10, for which a provision of Rs.
five crore has been made in the budget.
• Under Mukhya Mantri Gramoodyog Rozgar Scheme, target of
establishing 6500 new village industrial units fixed, which will
provide employment opportunities to 52000 persons.
• Manyavar Shree Kanshiram Khadi Shilp Gram Yojna proposed for
the year 2009-10.
Forest and Environment
• Under the U.P. Participatory Forest Management and Poverty
Eradication Project financed by Japan International Cooperation
Agency, a target of 80,000 plantations in forest land area and
conservation and improvement of natural Habitat of forest animals,
with the help of 800 joint forest management committees and 140
eco-development committees has been set.
• Implementation of Integrated Forest Protection Scheme for
effectively controlling the problems of encroachment and illegal
mining in reserve forest area.
• For conservation of wild life, Project Tiger, Project Elephant and
Eco-development works are under progress.
• Implementation of Human and Animal Conflict Prevention Scheme
for arresting growing conflict between wild animals and human
population living in vicinity of forest area.
• Proposal for implementation of research schemes for development
of environmentally degraded areas and pollution control under
Environmental Education, Training and Public Awareness
Programme and Environment Conservation Programme.
• Implementation of research, technology development and
implementation scheme under National Climate Change Strategic
Knowledge Mission.
Tourism
• Rs. 58 crore capital outlay provision for tourism development.
• Provision of Rs. 46 crore for new tourism development schemes in
Brij and Mirzapur etc.
Law and Order
• The Government has established rule of law by law, by creating an
atmosphere free from injustice, crime and fear.
• Remarkable improvement in law and order and crime situation in
the State.
• Effective action taken against criminal and mafia elements.
Criminals put behind bars.
• Stern action taken against law breakers, howsoever influential and
men with high approach they were.
• Historic decision taken to create more than 2.4 lakh posts in the
U.P. Police to raise the police-public ratio from present 83 to one
lakh to 150 to 1 lakh which is above the national average.
• For ensuring transparent recruitment system in police forces, a
Police Recruitment and Promotion Board has been set up.
• For the first time in the State, service rules for the different cadres
of police forces have been notified.
• Decision taken to set up Mahila Thanas in every district of the
State. A total of 42 Mahila Thanas have been set up in the State
during the year 2008-09. Rest of 29 of districts will have Mahila
Thanas in 2009-10.
• In order to deal with terrorist activities like Fidayeen attack,
decision has been taken to prepare a Commando Force of 2000 on
the lines of NSG commandos.
• Provision of Rs. 242 crore made for providing latest arms,
communication and security equipments to armed police and
commando forces under Police Modernisation Scheme.
• Provision of Rs. 253 crore made for construction, expansion and
modernisation of jails.
Employee Welfare
• The U.P. Government is one of the few state governments who
have implemented recommendation of Sixth Pay Commission for
the benefit of government employees, government teachers,
teachers of aided colleges and non-teaching staff and teaching and
non-teaching staff of technical education institutions. Besides this,
the government has implemented revised pay structure, pension,
gratuity, pension encashment and family pension same as in the
central government wef. January 1, 2006.
• House rent allowance and family planning promotion special pay
rates have also been rationally increased. Besides this, the state
government holds a firm resolves that there should be no shortage
of funds for meeting developmental needs in the plan expenditure.
Treasury Services
• Trade tax collection of Rs. 20741 crore is estimated which is 21 per
cent higher than the last year.
• A limit of Rs. 5 lakh turn over fixed under VAT registration. A
voluntary registration system brought for traders of less turn over.
• Provision of prosecution of traders abolished and U.P. is the only
state in the country to have done so.
• Estimate of revenue receipt of Rs. 5176 crore as excise is 16 per
cent higher than the last year’s revised estimate of Rs. 4450 crore.
• Target of revenue receipt of Rs. 5351 crore from stamp and
registration fees.
• Target of revenue receipt of Rs. 1575 crore from vehicle tax and
passenger and goods tax.
*****

C.M. grieved

Lucknow: February 17, 2009

The Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Ms. Mayawati has expressed
profound grief over the death of Mrs. Gyan Patnaik, mother of Orrisa
C.M. Mr. Naveen Patnaik and wife of former Chief Minister of Orrisa,
Late Biju Patnaik.
In a condolence message, the Chief Minister has conveyed her
heartfelt condolences and deep sympathies to the family members and
prayed for peace to the departed soul.
It may be recalled that Mrs. Gyan Patnaik aged about 91 years
died this morning at a Hospital in Delhi following a prolonged illness.
She is survived by two sons and a daughter. Her last rites would be
performed tomorrow in Bhubaneswar.
**********

Adviser to Board in Chhattisgarh

BANGALORE: A Bangalorean, J. Shanmuganath, has been appointed senior adviser to the Chhattisgarh State Planning Board.

Mr. Shanmuganath is on various national committees, including ones
on Medicinal Plants Conservation and Sustainable Use; Bio-fuel
Development; Bamboo Technology & Trade Development; and Steering
Committees on Empowerment of Scheduled Castes, Backward Classes and
Minority Communities; and the Panchayati Raj System. — Special
Correspondent


comments (0)
02/12/09
LESSON 5 VOTE BSP ELEPHANT FOR CHANGE FOR THE BETTER-FOR SELF RESPECT! GET A VOTE AND A NOTE! FOR BSP! DONT WAIT BUT BAIT! TO GRAB THE MASTER KEY!-Make me PM Write Down on the Wall was Dr. Ambedkar’s Sign ! Two Thousand Nine ! Will Be Mine ! - Says Ms Mayawati Bahen ! Now is all that you have! By voting for BSP, the Nation you save! 2008 Bahen Mayawati the UttarPradesh Chief Minister ! 2009 Prabuddha Bharatha Matha the Prime Minister !-THREE BASKETS STUDY CIRCLE SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION THE BASKET NUMBER ONE THROUGH SOCIAL ENGINEERING THE BASKET NUMBER TWO FOR ACHIEVING ECONOMIC EMANCIPATION THE BASKET NUMBER THREE FOR THE PEACE, WELFARE AND HAPPINESS OF ALL-GET UP EARLY IN THE MORNING ! AFTER BRUSHING, WASHING AND BATHING ! PRACTICE ALL PARTS OF YOUR BODY MOVING ! DO BODY AND MIND BALANCING ! BY WALKING, SWIMMING AND CYCLING ! FOR YOUR WELL BEING !-State Government terms allegations levelled by Union Minister Mahaveer Prasad as false and baseless Gagaha police registered case on the directives of High Court State Government has nothing to do with this case-News item being aired by some channels regarding banning of construction of house of Sonia Gandhi in Rae Bareli by State Government is totally false and baseless Rajiv Gandhi Charitable Trust constructing building, not the house, without getting approval of the map Trust manager requests to present map within a week, also requests for compounding-CM pays tribute to Late R. Venkataraman, V.P. Singh and Archana Saroj in Assembly-Cataract operations: C.M. takes serious view of post-operation infection in eyes of 19 patients Both eye surgeons suspended with immediate effect C.S.M.M.U. Ophthalmology HOD divested of his present charge Inquiry committee set up, will submit its report within 3 days-Sabhapati Vidhan Prishad administers oath to 12 newly elected members in presence of Chief Minister and Speaker Vidhan Sabha-Complete all ongoing development works in stipulated time and in a qualitative manner — Mayawati On directives of C.M., Cabinet Secretary and Chief Secretary review development works and law and order of 3 divisions Complete drinking water supply schemes of Bundelkhand region in a time bound manner-UPDATE 2-India sees wheat output stable, exports may follow-Maya gets ad films made-Nithari killings: Pandher, Koli sentenced to death-CEC N Gopalswamy is BJP Friendly constitutional functionary. CEC had bailed out the BJP in the Uttar Pradesh CD case and charged him with inaction.-Electoral Rolls
Filed under: General
Posted by: site admin @ 7:29 pm

LESSON 5




THREE BASKETS STUDY CIRCLE

SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION THE BASKET NUMBER ONE
THROUGH SOCIAL ENGINEERING THE BASKET NUMBER TWO
FOR ACHIEVING ECONOMIC EMANCIPATION THE BASKET NUMBER THREE
FOR THE PEACE, WELFARE AND HAPPINESS OF ALL

GET UP EARLY IN THE MORNING !
AFTER BRUSHING, WASHING AND BATHING !
PRACTICE ALL PARTS OF YOUR BODY MOVING !
DO BODY AND MIND BALANCING
!
BY WALKING, SWIMMING AND CYCLING !
FOR YOUR WELL BEING !

Press Information Bureau
(Chief Minister Information Campus)
Information and Public Relations Department, U.P.

State Government terms allegations levelled

by Union Minister Mahaveer Prasad as false and baseless

Gagaha police registered case on the directives of High Court


State Government has nothing to do with this case


Lucknow : February 11, 2009


The State Government spokesman has termed, allegations

levelled by the Union Small Scale Industries Minister Mr. Mahaveer
Prasad that he was being implicated in a case under a conspiracy, as
false and baseless. The spokesman said that the Hon’ble High Court
ordered the C.J.M. Gorakhpur to register a case of murder and
concealment of facts against Mr. Mahaveer Prasad and three others.
Therefore, the same was registered yesterday (Tuesday). The
spokesman said that the State Government had nothing to do with this
case.
The spokesman here today said that the allegations levelled by
Mr. Mahaveer Prasad against the State Government were totally false
and baseless. The spokesman said that it was purely a matter where
the orders of the Hon’ble High Court were followed. Besides, it was a
case related to murder. The State Government had no hand in it. The
Gagaha police was working according to the orders of the court.
It may be recalled that the Gagaha police, after receiving a copy
of the court order, registered a case against the accused under section
302/201/504/506/120B/427 of I.P.C. and under Prevention of
Atrocities Against SC/ST Act 3(2)5. The circle officer (C.O.) Bansgaon
is investigating the case.
*******

News item being aired by some channels regarding banning
of construction of house of Sonia Gandhi in Rae Bareli
by State Government is totally false and baseless

Rajiv Gandhi Charitable Trust constructing building,

not the house, without getting approval of the map

Trust manager requests to present map within a week,

also requests for compounding

Lucknow : February 11, 2009

The State Government spokesman has said that the news item,
being aired by some channels regarding banning of construction of the
house of Mrs. Sonia Gandhi in Rae Bareli by State Government, is totally
false and baseless.
Clearing the situation in this regard, the spokesman said that first
of all no house was being constructed for the U.P.A. President Mrs. Sonia
Gandhi in Rae Bareli, instead the construction in question was being
carried out at the village Bhuyemau within the limits of Rae Bareli
Development Authority by the Rajiv Gandhi Charitable Trust. The
spokesman said that the D.M./Vice Chairman Rae Bareli Development
Authority, in his report, said that through the report of the junior
engineer of the Authority sent on form ‘B’ on 07 February 2009, it came
to light that the above construction was being carried out without the
approval of the map, while it is imperative to get the map of a proposed
construction approved from the Authority, if the same fell within its limits.
The spokesman said that the Trust neither presented any map for
the aforesaid construction before the Authority nor the Authority gave
any approval in this regard. Therefore, any construction without
permission was totally unauthorised and illegal. It may recalled that the
Secretary of the Trust, in his letter dated 07.02.2009, written to the Vice
Chairman of the Authority, has accepted that the map was not presented
for approval and now the same would be presented before the Authority
for approval within a week. The spokesman further said that the Trust
has also requested for the compounding of the construction.
The spokesman said that the Managing Secretary of the Trust had
been informed by Rae Bareli Development Authority that as soon as the
map was presented, it will be approved without any delay. The Authority
made it clear that the Trust was free to carry out construction according
to the rules.
The spokesman said that in the light of the above facts, the news
item being aired by certain channels was totally false and baseless.
*******
CM pays tribute to Late R. Venkataraman,
V.P. Singh and Archana Saroj in Assembly

Lucknow : February 11, 2009


The Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister, Ms. Mayawati has paid glowing

tribute to the former President Mr. R.Venkataraman and former Prime
Minister and Ex-chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh Mr. Vishwanath Pratap
Singh during obituary references in Assembly today. While recalling
services of late Mr. R. Venkataraman and late Mr. V.P. Singh to the
country and society, she termed their death as irreparable loss of
public life.

Offering tribute to late M.L.A. Archana Saroj, Ms. Mayawti said

that she was an active social worker and a true follower of Dr. Bhimrao
Ambekdar’s mission. She was committed to the welfare and
betterment of downtrodden and exploited people of Sarvasamaj.
Besides, leaders of other political parties paid their homage to these
departed leaders remembering them.
*******
Vidhan Sabha Speaker seeks cooperation of
leaders of all political parties in smooth running of House
Chief Minister and Leaders of other parties
assure Speaker Vidhan Sabha of full cooperation

Lucknow : February 09, 2009


The Speaker of the Vidhan Sabha Mr. Sukhdev Rajbhar at a meeting held

here today sought the cooperation of leaders of all the political parties in the
smooth and peaceful running of the House. Besides, leaders of the different
political parties, the Chief Minister and the Leader of the House, Ms. Mayawati
assured the Speaker of full cooperation of the ruling party.
The Chief Minister, during the meeting, discussed smooth and peaceful
running of the House with the leaders of other political parties, besides other
issue. Since the Chief Minister discussed the smooth running of the House with
the leaders of all parties, and the leaders of all other political parties were busy
in the forthcoming Lok Sabha elections and due to other reasons, decision was
taken not to hold all party meet, as the aim of the all party meet had been
achieved during the discussions between the Chief Minister and leader of
opposition parties, in the office of the Speaker Vidhan Sabha.
The Parliamentary Affairs Minister Mr. Lal Ji Verma, Cooperative Minister
Mr. Swami Prasad Maurya, P.W.D. Minister Mr. Nasimuddin Siddiqui, Samajwadi
Party leader Mr. Ambika Chaudhary, Congress leader Mr. Pramod Tiwari, BJP
leader Mr. Om Prakash Singh and R.L.D. leader Mr. Kokab Hameed were
present at the meeting.
*******
Cataract operations: C.M. takes serious view
of post-operation infection in eyes of 19 patients

Both eye surgeons suspended with immediate effect

C.S.M.M.U. Ophthalmology HOD divested of his present charge

Inquiry committee set up, will submit its report within 3 days

Lucknow : February 09, 2009

The Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Ms. Mayawati, while taking the
Sarojini Nagar incident seriously in which 19 people got infected after
cataract operation, directed that stringent action be taken against the
doctors responsible for it. On her directives, both the eye surgeons, who
performed these operations, have been placed under suspension with
immediate effect. In this light, the HOD of the Ophthalmology
Department, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University Lucknow,
has also been divested of his present charge and an inquiry into the
entire episode has been instituted.
A 2-member committee, headed by the HOD of the
Ophthalmology Department, Kanpur Medical College, Dr. S.K. Sachan
has been set up to hold an inquiry into the matter. The committee
would submit its report within 3 days. The Joint Director Health and
State Programme Officer, National Blindness Eradication Programme,
Dr. V.K. Mishra has been named as member of the inquiry committee.
It is noteworthy that 19 people, who had been operated upon for
cataract at the camp, held on February 06 last at the local Sarojini
Nagar PHC, got infected. As many as 07 infection-affected persons were
cured after treatment, while 12 patients are being treated. This camp
was organised by C.S.M.M.U.
*******
Sabhapati Vidhan Prishad administers oath to
12 newly elected members in presence of
Chief Minister and Speaker Vidhan Sabha

Lucknow : February 09, 2009
The Sabhapati Vidhan Prishad Chaudhary Sukhram Singh Yadav
here today administered oath to 12 newly elected members in the
presence of the Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Ms. Mayawati and Speaker
Vidhan Sabha Mr. Sukhdev Rajbhar. The oath was administered at the
Rajarshri Purushottam Das Tandon Hall.
Those who took the oath included senior member of the U.P.
Council of Ministers Mr. Nasimuddin Siddiqui, besides Mess. Ashok
Sidhharth, Ahamad Hasan, Dr. Om Prakash Tripathi, Dharm Prakash
Bhartiya, Pratap Singh Baghel, Baburam M.Com., Ramesh Yadav, Ram
Raksha Pal, Lokesh Prajapati, Vinod Kumar Pandey and Dr. Sarojani
Agrawal.
The other members of the Council of Ministers and a large number
of party office bearers were present on the occasion.
*******

Complete all ongoing development works
in stipulated time and in a qualitative manner
— Mayawati

On directives of C.M., Cabinet Secretary
and Chief Secretary review development
works and law and order of 3 divisions
Complete drinking water supply schemes
of Bundelkhand region in a time bound manner

Lucknow : February 09, 2009

On the directives of the Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Ms.
Mayawati, the Cabinet Secretary Mr. Shashank Shekhar Singh and
Chief Secretary Mr. Atul Kumar Gupta reviewed the progress of
ongoing development works and law and order situation of Kanpur,
Jhansi and Chitrakootdham divisions here today. Thereafter, she
was apprised of the important decisions taken at the meeting.
The Chief Minister directed the officers to complete all the
development related projects in a stipulated time and in a time
bound manner. She said districts had been provided enough funds
and delay in development works would not be tolerated any more.
Referring to the law and order, the Chief Minister directed the
officers concerned to remain vigilant in every case. She said that
the officers had been directed to work without any pressure. She
said that F.I.R.s should be lodged in even pettiest of the cases and
strict action should be initiated against the guilty.
The Chief Secretary said that the State Government was
sensitive towards the interests of potato growers. He said that
arrangements should be ensured to purchase and storage of
potatoes. He also directed to make arrangements for adequate
number of sacks for the purchase of wheat. He said that keeping
the interests of potato growers of Kanpur-Farrukhabad potato belt,
the State Government had announced potato purchase support
scheme.
The State Government was conducting subsidy scheme to
encourage the potato export. Under it, bulk purchasers of potato,
who would purchase more than 1000 tonnes of potatoes, would be
encouraged. He asked the D.M.s to ensure that the potatoes were
not left to rot. The D.M.s, during the meeting, informed that owing
to the potato purchase scheme announced by the State
Government, the potato prices had improved considerably.
The Chief Secretary, while reviewing the works and amount
being provided under the Rozgar Guarantee scheme, said that the
digging of the ponds should be ensured before the rainy season, so
that the rain water could be collected and the decreasing
underground water level could be checked. He said that the
renovation of the old ponds should be undertaken and they should
be developed into ideal ponds. Work should be started under
NREGS immediately. He directed that preparations should be made
to deal with the challenges of summer in the Bundelkhand region
and ensure proper water supply through pipes. He also directed the
officers to blacklist those firms which had supplied poor quality
pipes and lodge F.I.R.s against them. He also directed the officers
to ensure repair of defunct handpumps and boring of new
handpumps in the Bundelkhand region.
The Chief Secretary directed the officers to complete all the
works under the Ambedkar Gram Sabha Vikas Yojana by February
28 by all means.
Keeping an eye on the forthcoming board examinations, the
Chief Secretary directed the officers to replace faulty transformers
and ensure proper and uninterrupted power supply in the rural and
urban areas, so that students did not face any difficulties. He
directed the D.M.s and Divisional Commissioner to ensure
energisation of tube-wells on priority basis. Expressing satisfaction
over the progress of Manyawar Kanshiram Ji Shahari Garib Awas
Yojana, he said that wherever the progress was not satisfactory it
should be improved at all costs.
The Chief Secretary directed the officers to provide bicycles
and amount to the beneficiaries of Mahamaya Garib Balika Ashirwad
Yojana and Savitri Bai Phule Garib Balika Madad Yojana by 18
February 2009 at all costs.
The meeting organised, at the Tilak Hall, was attended by
A.P.C. Mr. Anees Ansari, Additional Cabinet Secretary Mr. Vijay
Shankar Pandey, Principal Secretary Planning Mr. Manjeet Singh
and Principal Secretaries to C.M. Mr. Ravindra Singh, Mr. Shailesh
Krishna, Secretary to C.M. Mr. Navneet Sehgal and other senior
officers.
*******

UPDATE 2-India sees wheat output stable, exports may follow

NEW DELHI, Feb 12 (Reuters) - India is likely to harvest
77.8 million tonnes of wheat in 2009, almost as much as last
year’s record output, according to government estimates which
largely match trade expectations.

Another bumper crop would offer the government room to ease
the ban on wheat exports after general elections due by May,
analysts and traders say.

That would further pressure benchmark prices in Chicago. On
Wednesday, the Chicago Board of Trade March contract WH9
closed down 12-3/4 cents at $5.43-1/4 a bushel, a 2.3 percent
drop.

Chicago wheat touched a record $13.495 a bushel in February
2008, partly due to imports by India.

“The new government will look at opening exports as stocks
with the government on April 1, when the new marketing year
begins, are estimated at 12 million tonnes against a target of 4
million tonnes,” said M.K. Dattaraj, president of the Roller
Flour Millers Federation of India.

The government forecast was slightly lower than last year as
temperatures in wheat growing regions had risen in recent weeks,
said R.K. Mohan, president of Tamil Nadu Flour Millers’
Association.

A farm ministry statement said on Thursday that wheat
production was likely to drop marginally to 77.78 million tonnes
from last year’s 78.57 million tonnes.

For a graphic on India’s wheat production in previous years
click here

Farmers in India, the world’s second biggest producer, plant
wheat from October and the harvest begins in March.

Indian farmers grow wheat on about 27 million hectares,
mainly in the northern states of Punjab, Haryana and Uttar
Pradesh and the central state of Madhya Pradesh.

Rains in northern India this week cheered farmers, who
feared wheat output would drop if unusually warm weather in
recent weeks continued.

Production of winter-sown oilseeds would likely rise to 9.64
million tonnes from 9.04 million a year earlier, the statement
said.

Output of rapeseed, the main winter-sown oilseed, was
expected at 6.98 million tonnes against a harvest of 5.83
million tonnes last year.

The estimate is higher than the expectations of traders, who
have forecast a harvest of 6.5 million tonnes.

Traders say higher rapeseed output would reduce India’s
dependence on vegetable oil imports as the oilseed accounts for
15-16 percent of local edible oil demand.

Output of grains, which include wheat, rice, coarse cereals
and lentils, was estimated at 227.88 million tonnes in the crop
year to June 2009, down from 230.78 million in the previous
year, the statement said.


The farm ministry said rice production in the crop year from
July 2008 would touch a record 98.89 million tonnes, up from
96.69 million tonnes.

Output of corn up to June 2009 was estimated at 17.04
million tonnes against 18.96 million, while production of
oilseeds would total 25.96 million tonnes versus 29.76 million
tonnes a year ago.
(Editing by Mark Williams, Editing by Peter Blackburn)


Maya gets ad films made


Lucknow: Ostensibly cleared by the UP Chief
Minister this time, the long-awaited four-minute ad film on the overall development of Uttar Pradesh under the Mayawati Government
was telecast on various TV channels on Wednesday.

The film is one of the 13 that the state Government has got made in
view of the next elections, by Grey Worldwide, an advertising agency.

She had reportedly asked the filmmakers to go through the films
the Information Department had made in the past, including
documentaries made by professionals. A committee was also formed to
screen the content of the films.

The
four-minute ad film was distributed to prominent television channels on
Wednesday, and the airing began immediately.

The visuals – Mayawati in the backdrop of her project blueprints
and layout – said it all. These are termed the UP Government’s
advertisement films.

There is Kailash Kher who has lent his voice to spread Mayawati’s
message.

Names like Kiran Deohans, director of photography for
Hrithik-Aishwarya starrer ‘Jodhaa Akbar’, and his filmmaker wife Abaan
Deohans are associated with the film. The lyrics are composed by
Sandesh Shandilya of the “mauja hi mauja” fame.

Of the films, the longest is of 11 minutes, say government
officials, which showcases the overall development of the state. Four
films of four minute each show projects in different sectors. Eight
others, varying from 45 seconds to one minute, are on topics ranging
from education, health and infrastructure.

The film on infrastructure, to be aired on business news channels, is yet to be released.

Later, the films will be released in cinema halls and sent to other states, for which the party will soon formulate a strategy.

Nithari killings: Pandher, Koli sentenced to death

Ghaziabad (PTI): Businessman Moninder
Singh Pandher and his servant Surinder Koli were sentenced to death on
Friday for rape and murder of a 14-year-old girl Rimpa Halder, one of
19 victims in the sensational Nithari serial killings.

Pronouncing the sentence in a packed
court room, Special CBI judge Rama Jain held the crimes committed by
55-year-old Pandher and 38-year-old Koli to be “rarest of rare”
deserving capital punishment.

While the counsel of victim’s family,
Khalid Khan termed the verdict as a “slap on the face of the CBI” which
gave a clean chit to Pandher, the businessman’s son Karandeep Singh
said his father was innocent and he would appeal against the judgement
in the Allahabad High Court.

The Court had on Thursday convicted
Pandher and his servant under various sections of the Indian Penal Code
for murder, rape, criminal conspiracy and destruction of evidence. In
the final arguments this morning, the CBI had sought death penalty for
Koli and left the quantum of punishment for Pandher for the court to
decide as the agency had no charges against him in this case.

During the half-hour long arguments,
agency’s counsel S P Ahluwalia termed the killings by Koli as “rarest
of rare” and a fit case for capital punishment.

The judge said, “No more penalty could
be awarded to the accused persons otherwise they deserve more
punishment as their act of murder and rape in this particular case was
beyond all the canons of humanity.” After the court verdict, Pandher
broke into tears while Koli remained unmoved.

Earlier during final arguments, the CBI
counsel argued that Koli has no right to live in society because even
today he has no remorse of his deeds. “He continues to be a threat to
the society,” Ahluwalia said.

The counsel submitted that Koli is a
rare combination of a person indulging in paedophilia (having sex with
children) and necrophilia (having sex with corpse) and there are no
chances of his becoming reformed and rehabilitated.

Ahluwalia said Koli used to lure
innocent women and children to the house of his employer Pandher before
killing them and later having sex with their bodies. In some cases, he
used to cook and eat their flesh, the counsel said.

However, in the case of Pandher, the CBI said “whatever the court deems fit, we will accept that.”

The CBI filed chargesheet in this case
on May 19, 2007 in which it gave a clean chit to Pandher while charging
Koli with rape and murder of Rimpa Halder at the house of the
businessman at Nithari in Noida on the outskirts of Delhi.

In its chargesheet, the CBI had
mentioned that Pandher was in Australia with his wife when the incident
had taken place and also attached his passport details, a contention
rejected by the court.

Rimpa was first of the 19 victims who
was brutally killed on February eight 2005 and her body was found
hacked. Koli was suffering from necrophilia (having sex with dead
bodies) and also charged with cannibalism (eating human flesh).

Investigations into the serial murders
began in December 2006 when the skeletal remains of a number of missing
children and women were discovered from a drain near Pandher’s house.
Besides rape and murder police had also probed allegations of organ
trade.

CEC N Gopalswamy is BJP Friendly constitutional functionary.

CEC had bailed out the BJP in the Uttar Pradesh CD case and charged him
with inaction
.

CEC is undermining democratic institutions
by displaying political bias in his dealings. CEC N
Gopalaswami, instead of taking action against the BJP in a case of distribution
of hate CDs in which an FIR was lodged against BJP president
Rajnath Singh and (senior leader) Lalji Tandon, absolved the party saying that
the BJP has tendered apologies.  Even when a chargesheet was filed in November
naming Mr Rajnath Singh and Mr Tandon, the EC did not carry out its promise made
in the order that it would proceed with freezing of BJP’s election symbol
in case the investigation found any of its leaders guilty.



The Mayawati government is
keen to transfer the case to the CBI.


The government
referred CEC’s letters to the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Law and
Justice even as there was no official word on the status of Mr
Gopalaswami’s recommendation for removal of election commissioner Navin
Chawla
.


Electoral Rolls

Officers and employees working under the Chief Electoral Officer are to be blamed for removing names of thousands of voters belonging to SC/STs, backward classes, minorities and poorer among the forward castes (Aboriginal Inhabitants of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath) in support of Central Asian Invaders from the electroral rolls.Many such families had been denied voter identity cards on the ground that they had not furnished addresses. In the recent Assembly elections 40% of the voters in Karnataka did not find their names in the voters list because of the BJP friendly constitutional functionaries.

Therefore it is necessary that all those who are interested in democracy to unite to remove the CEC which has removed the names of lakhs of voters who are the Aboriginal Inhabitants of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath denying them the voting rights. In fact the CEC has to be legally punished severly for such a draconian act.

Instead of 3 members in the CEC, a Committe representating to all Caste and Religions have to be formed to ensure that all the Castes and Religious are included in the voters list. This has to be done before the elections for the Lok Sabaha.

The Source Code of the program used in the Micro Chip in the Electronic Voting Machine has to be open and given vide publicity. At least two trained personnels in this matter has to begiven passes in each booth representing  all the contesting Political parties.

All those who are freedom lovers who believe that the voting right is most important in a democracy must creat websites and blogs to high light what is happening in this great Democratic Country. Send emails to to all the 4 estate chiefs to put an end to this non-sence in the larger interest of true Democracy.

comments (0)
LESSON 4-VOTE BSP ELEPHANT FOR CHANGE FOR THE BETTER-FOR SELF RESPECT! GET A VOTE AND A NOTE! FOR BSP! DONT WAIT BUT BAIT! TO GRAB THE MASTER KEY!-Make me PM Write Down on the Wall was Dr. Ambedkar’s Sign ! Two Thousand Nine ! Will Be Mine ! - Says Ms Mayawati Bahen ! Now is all that you have! By voting for BSP, the Nation you save! 2008 Bahen Mayawati the UttarPradesh Chief Minister ! 2009 Prabuddha Bharatha Matha the Prime Minister !-Uttar Pradesh plans public-private model for power distribution-Mayawati terms BJP’s ‘Ayodhya chant’ an election gimmick-Chetan Sharma joins BSP, to contest from Faridabad LS seat-Caste (social)-EC meets Recognized Political Parties to discuss issues related to conduct of Elections -Crucial votes JAMBUDVIPA, THAT IS THE GREAT PRABUDDHA BHARATH-An Obama Moment for Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha bharath’s Aboriginal Inhabitants (SC/STs forced by Central Asian Invaders who believed in 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th rate souls and Human Beings who refused to accept the concept, since the Buddha did not believe in any soul but all were equal, asUntouchables
Filed under: General
Posted by: site admin @ 7:02 am

LESSON 4



Uttar Pradesh plans public-private model for power distribution


Lucknow, Feb 6 (IANS) The public-private partnership
model will first be implemented in the power sector in Uttar Pradesh,
with an input-based franchisee system being proposed to be put in place
in nine cities by March-end.

This follows a decision taken by the state cabinet earlier this week.

‘Under the system, the state power corporation will sell power to
the franchisee, which in turn will be free to carry out the
distribution at a price prescribed by SERC (State Electricity
Regulatory Commission),’ the commission’s chairman Navneet Sehgal told
IANS.

‘Agra, Kanpur, Moradabad, Bareilly and Gorakhpur will be covered in
the first phase, while Varanasi, Meerut, Allahabad and Aligarh will
follow later,’ he said.

Maintaining that these cities incurred the most losses, Sehgal said: ‘The new system is expected to bring about a turnaround.’

With a view to expediting the process, SERC proposes to invite bids
next week. The contract will be awarded for 20 years, and bidders will
be required to submit a detailed proposal for the entire period.

Torrent Power, a key player in India’s power sector, is understood
to have evinced a keen interest in Kanpur, the biggest loss-maker.
Torrent already distributes power in Ahmedabad in Gujarat and Bhiwadi
in Rajasthan.

Asked whether the switchover to the new model would affect SERC
employees, Sehgal said employees would be given the option of
proceeding on deputation to the franchisee. ‘They will continue to
enjoy the same remuneration and perquisites they are entitled to now.’

Mayawati terms BJP’s ‘Ayodhya chant’ an election gimmick

Lucknow, Feb 9 (ANI):
Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister and Bahujan Samaj Party supremo Mayawati,
on Monday said that Bharatiya Janat Party’s Ayodhya chants were nothing
but an ‘election gimmick’, as the party remembers Lord Rama only when
the poll are around.

“The BJP thinks of Ram temple only when polls are around. But, the
public knows about its real face. Even saints are ridiculing the
party,” Mayawati told reporters in Lucknow.

“What did the party do to build the temple when it was in power at the Centre?” Mayawati questioned BJP-led NDA regime.

The BSP supremo also criticized the Samajwadi Party chief Mulayam Singh
Yadav and his newly found friendship with former BJP leader Kalyan
singh ahead of Lok Sabha elections.

“The Samajwadi Party chief is today holding the hand of the person
(Kalyan Singh) responsible for the demolition of the Babri Masjid,”
Mayawati remarked.

Mayawati also criticized Congress party’s stand on the same issue,
remarking how that Congress was equally responsible for the Babri
Masjid demolition in Ayodhya during Congress regime at the Centre.

“The party was in power at Centre when the incident happened and it
cannot shrug off its culpability simply by criticizing the BJP in the
media,” Mayawati said.

“There is no difference between BJP, SP and Congress,” the BSP supremo remarked. (ANI)


Chetan Sharma joins BSP, to contest from Faridabad LS seat

Former Indian cricketer Chetan Sharma has joined Bahujan Samaj Party
and was declared party candidate from Faridabad Lok Sabha seat of
Haryana.

Caste (social)

Castes are hereditary systems of occupation, endogamy,
social culture, social class, and political power, the assignment of
individuals to places in the social hierarchy is determined by social
group and cultural heritage. Although India is often now associated
with the word “caste”, it was first used by the Portuguese to describe inherited class status in their own European society.

Discrimination based on caste is prevalent mainly in parts
of Asia (India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Japan) and
Africa. UNICEF estimates that discrimination based on caste affects 250
million people worldwide.

English caste is from Latin castus “pure, cut off, segregated”, the participle of carere “to cut off” (whence also castration). Application to Hindu social groups originates in the 17th century, via Portuguese casta “breed, race, caste”.

A caste system is a social psychosis where in caste obsession
consumes the better part of it’s member’s time and resources. The
population disregards truth based evolution and meanders into the
psychosis of caste obsession. This psychosis results in a multitude of
cults as Human unity ceases
being an issue. The population manifests the characteristic of
forfieting their struggle for equality and accepting in its sted a
perennial struggle for sustenance. It is a Satanic social psychosis and
accordingly is built and nurtured by Chaos to inhibit Human progress.

Contents

  • 1 Caste in Europe

    • 1.1 Classical Antiquity
    • 1.2 Middle Ages
    • 1.3 Pillarisation
  • 2 Caste in Africa
  • 3 Caste in Spanish and Portuguese America
  • 4 Caste in China
  • 5 Caste in Hawaii
  • 6 Caste in Bali
  • 7 Caste in India
    • 7.1 Varna
    • 7.2 Jatis
    • 7.3 Modern India
      • 7.3.1 Scheduled castes
      • 7.3.2 Caste politics
  • 8 Caste in Japan
  • 9 Caste in Korea
  • 10 Caste in Nepal
  • 11 Caste in Pakistan
  • 12 Caste in Sri Lanka
  • 13 Caste in Yemen
    • 13.1 Origin
    • 13.2 Discrimination
  • 14 Caste in the United States
  • 15 See also
  • 16 Notes
  • 17 References
  • 18 External links

Caste in Europe

Main article: Class society

Classical Antiquity

Ancient Greek society
was divided into free people and slaves. Only free, land owning,
native-born men could be citizens entitled to the full protection of
the law in a Greek city-state (later Pericles introduced exceptions to
the native-born restriction). In most city-states, unlike Rome, social
prominence did not allow special rights. In Athens, the population was
divided into four social classes based on wealth. People could change
classes if they made more money.

In Sparta, all male citizens were given the title of equal if they finished their education. Slaves had no power or status. Sparta had a special type of serf-like helots. Their masters treated them harshly and helots often resorted to rebellions. According to Herodotus (IX, 28–29), helots were seven times as numerous as Spartans. Every autumn, according to Plutarch (Life of Lycurgus, 28, 3–7), the Spartan ephors
would pro forma declare war on the helot population so that any Spartan
citizen could kill a helot without fear of blood or guilt (crypteia).

Social class in ancient Rome played a major role in the lives of
Romans. Ancient Roman society was hierarchical. Free-born Roman
citizens were divided into several classes, both by ancestry and by
property. The broadest division was by ancestry, between patricians,
those who could trace their ancestry to the first Senate established by
Romulus, and plebeians, all other citizens. Originally, all public
offices were open only to patricians, and the classes could not
intermarry. There were also several classes of non-citizens with
different legal rights, along with slaves who had none.

Middle Ages

Main articles: ], Feudal society, and Estates of the realm

According to an English cleric of the late 10th century, society was composed of the three orders: bellatores (in Medieval Latin), or “those who fight” (nobles and knights); oratores, or “those who pray” (priests and monks); and laboratores, or “those who work” (peasants and serfs).

In medieval Europe, the estates of the realm were a caste system.
The population was divided into nobility, clergy, and the commoners. In
some regions, the commoners were divided into burghers, peasants or
serfs, and the estateless. Although originally based on occupation,
one’s estate was eventually inherited, because of low social mobility.
Poland’s nobility were more numerous than those of all other European
countries, forming some 8% of the total population in 1791, and almost
16% among ethnic Poles. By contrast, the nobilities of other European
countries, except for Spain and Hungary, amounted to a mere 1-3%. In
France, serfdom lasted legally until 1789. It persisted in
Austria-Hungary till 1848 and was abolished in Russia only in 1861.

Pillarisation

Main article: Pillarisation

In some countries of classical Europe, society tended to be multiply
mainly in Protestant, Catholic and Social-democratic groups. These
groups all had their own social institutions: their own newspapers,
broadcasting organisations, political parties, unions etcetera. Some
companies even only hired personnel of a specific religion or ideology.
This led to a situation where many people had no personal contact with
people from another pillar, even when living in the same street.
Marriage between “castes” was not legally prohibited, but strongly
discouraged by the social groups. These groups were called “pillars”
(cf. stratification), standing next to each other instead of one group
being dominant over the other one. For instance, each group had a
representation in the government. This caste-like phenomenon is
sometimes called Pillarisation. After the WWII, the system started to
fade away, especially in the 1960s and 1970s, and nowadays only some
traces of the pillars are visible.

Caste in Africa

Main article: Caste system in Africa

Countries in Africa who have societies with caste systems within
their borders include Algeria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Ethiopia,
Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali,
Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Somalia.

The Osu caste systems in Nigeria and southern Cameroon are derived
from indigenous religious beliefs and discriminate against the “Osus”
people as “owned by deities” and outcasts.

Similarly, the Mande societies in Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory
Coast, Liberia, Senegal, and Sierra Leone have caste systems that
divide society by occupation and ethnic ties. The Mande caste system
regards the jonow slave castes as inferior. Similarly, the Wolof caste system in Senegal is divided into three main groups, the geer (freeborn/nobles), jaam (slaves and slave descendants) and the outcast neeno (people of caste). In various parts of West Africa, Fulani societies also have caste divisions.

Other caste systems in Africa include the Borana caste system of
northeast Kenya with the Watta as the lowest caste, the Tuareg caste
system, the ubuhake castes in Rwanda and Burundi, and the Hutu
undercastes in Rwanda who committed genocide on the Tutsi overlords in
the now infamous Rwandan Genocide.

Sahrawi-Moorish society in Northwest Africa was traditionally (and
still is, to some extent) stratified into several tribal castes, with
the Hassane warrior tribes ruling and extracting tribute - horma - from
the subservient Znaga tribes. Although lines were blurred by
intermarriage and tribal re-affiliation, the Hassane were considered
descendants of the Arab Maqil tribe Beni Hassan, and held power over
Sanhadja Berber-descended zawiya (religious) and znaga (servant)
tribes. The so-called Haratin lower class, largely sedentary
oasis-dwelling black people, have been considered natural slaves in
Sahrawi-Moorish society.

The Somali people are divided into clans, wherein the Rahanweyn
agro-pastoral clans and the lower castes such as the Midgan are
sometimes treated as outcasts.

Caste in Spanish and Portuguese America

Main article: Castas

The Spanish and Portuguese colonists of the Americas instituted a
relatively loose system of racial and social stratification and
segregation based on a person’s heritage. The system remained in place
in most areas of Spanish America up to the time independence was
achieved from Spain. Castes were used to identify classes of people
with specific racial or ethnic heritage. However privileges or
restrictions were more related to race and wealth than to a clearly
defined system of Castes.

Among the caste / racial classifications used then in Spanish
America are: Peninsular, Criollo, Castizo, Mestizo, Cholo, Mulato,
Indio, Zambo and Negro.

Caste in China

The Southern and Northern Dynasties showed such a high level of
polarization between North and South that northerners and southerners
referred to each other as barbarians; the Mongol Yuan Dynasty also made
use of the concept: Yuan subjects were divided into four castes, with
northern Han Chinese occupying the second-lowest caste and southern Han
Chinese occupying the lowest one.

During several dynasties in period of Northern and Southern
China,especially in Southern dynasities (the East Jin, Song,Qi), the
social configuration was divided mainly into two classes in a politic
and cultural view. The dominant noble class Shizu, which literarily
means Noble Family, controlled most of the offered offices and
functions in the court, most time they also had kinship linked with the
Emperor. The other opposite class Hanmen, literarily means The Austere
Family, had been expelled from aspects of politic and cultural life.

Traditional Yi society in Yunnan was caste based. People were split
into the Black Yi (nobles, 5% of the population), White Yi (commoners),
Ajia (33% of the Yi population) and the Xiaxi (10%). Ajia and Xiaxi
were slave castes. The White Yi were not slaves but had no freedom of
movement. The Black Yi were famous for their slave-raids on Han Chinese
communities. After 1959, some 700,000 slaves were freed.

Caste in Hawaii

Ancient Hawaii was a caste society. People were born into specific
social classes; social mobility was not unknown, but it was extremely
rare. The main classes were:

  • Ali?i,
    the royal suuwop class. This class consisted of the high and lesser
    chiefs of the realms. They governed with divine power called mana.
  • Kahuna, the priestly and professional class. Priests conducted religious ceremonies, at the heiau
    and elsewhere. Professionals included master carpenters and boat
    builders, chanters, dancers, genealogists, and physicians and healers.
  • Maka??inana,
    the commoner class. Commoners farmed, fished, and exercised the simpler
    crafts. They labored not only for themselves and their families, but to
    support the chiefs and kahuna.
  • Kauwa, the outcast or slave class. They are
    believed to have been war captives, or the descendants of war captives.
    Marriage between higher castes and the kauwa was strictly forbidden.
    The kauwa worked for the chiefs and were often used as human sacrifices
    at the luakini heiau. (They were not the only sacrifices;
    law-breakers of all castes or defeated political opponents were also
    acceptable as victims.)

Caste in Bali

Main article: Balinese caste system

The caste system in Bali is similar to the Indian caste system;
however, India’s caste system is far more complicated than Bali’s, and
there are only four Balinese castes:

  • Sudras - peasants making up more than 90% of Bali’s population
  • Vaishyas - the caste of merchants
  • Kshatrias - the warrior caste, it also included some nobility and kings
  • Brahmins - holy men and priests

Different dialects of the Balinese language are used to address
members of a different caste. The Balinese caste system does not have
untouchables.

Caste in India

Main article: Caste system in India

Hindu society has traditionally been divided into several thousands
of groups, castes or communities called Jatis. The phrase “Hindu Caste
System” mixes up two different schemes - the Varna (class/group), which
is the theoretical system of grouping found in Brahminical traditions
and some medieval codes, and the Jati system prevalent in Indian
society since historical times. Despite the present day use of the same
phrase to describe both Varna and Jati, some observers have claimed that

“The Varna system is of no significance to an understanding
of the present day caste situation except in broad ideological terms.
Any attempt to examine the caste system by fitting it into the
classical Varna model would be of limited relevance in understanding its role in the socio-political processes of contemporary India.”

Varna

Early Indian texts speak of ‘Varna,’ which means order, category,
type, colour (of things), and groups the human society into four main
types as follows.

  1. Brahmins (intelligentsia, priests, scholars, teachers)
  2. Kshatriyas (warriors, nobility)
  3. Vaishyas (Merchant)
  4. Shudras (workers,farmers,service providers, laborers)

Varna, as enunciated in the Brahminical texts, e.g., the Rigveda
(10.90.12) or the Manusmriti, categorised the people in the Indian
society into 4 categories. The Varna system should however be
differentiated from the cultural, non-religious, Jati-caste-system.”
The Brahmins’ primary vocation is to learn the Vedas and other sacred
texts, teach and pray. The Kshatriya’s chief occupation is managing
their kingdoms and military service. The Vaishyas are occupied with
economic activities (agrarian and trade) and the Sudras are skilled
workers and service providers of all types.

It should be noted that although Brahmins have usually been
described as the priestly class, this is not entirely accurate, as a
temple priest need not have been a Brahmin; however, the performer of a
Yajna or fire sacrifice priest always was, although even this has not
always been followed by all sects within Hinduism - for example, in the
Arya Samaj. There were several categories among the Brahmins and the
priests are usually at the lower end of the Brahmin social scale. The
ancient Greeks, e.g., Megasthenes in his Indika, and the Muslims, e.g. Alberuni (1030 CE) described Brahmins as philosophers. Megasthenes calls them Brachmanes and describes them thus:

“The philosophers are first in rank, but form the smallest class in
point of number. Their services are employed privately by persons who
wish to offer sacrifices or perform other sacred rites, and also
publicly by the kings at what is called the Great Synod, wherein at the
beginning of the new year all the philosophers are gathered together
before the king at the gates, when any philosopher who may have
committed any useful suggestion to writing, or observed any means for
improving the crops and the cattle, or for promoting the public
interests, declares it publicly.”

All others, including foreigners, tribals and nomads, who did not
subscribe to the norms of Hindu society were called Mlechhas and were
treated as contagious and untouchables.

According to some researchers, by the 4th century AD, and certainly
by the 7th century AD, there were people excluded from society
altogether - the group of outcastes now referred to as Dalits or the
“downtrodden.” Thus, an untouchable, or an “outcaste”, was a person who was deemed to not have any “Varna by those who claimed to possess it.”

But now, in modern India, with rapid urbanization and large scale
migration, the ensuing crowded living arrangements and public
transport, and the broad-based mix of workplace colleagues, there has
been a significant change in social attitudes, at least in the larger
towns and certainly in the metros. Associations of occupations with
caste have also been changing, especially as new occupations are
developing.

Jatis

Main article: Jati

In “A New History of India,” by Stanley Wolpert states.” a process
of expansion, settled agricultural production, and pluralistic
integration of new people led to the development of India’s uniquely
complex system of social organization by occupation….”

Under the Jati system, a person is born into a Jati with ascribed
social roles and endogamy, i.e. marriages take place only within that
Jati. The Jati provided identity, security and status and has
historically been open to change based on economic, social and
political influences (see Sanskritization). In the course of early
Indian history, various tribal, economic, political and social factors
led to the closing and consolidation of the existing social ranks which
became a traditional, hereditary system of social structuring. It
operated through thousands of exclusive, endogamous groups, termed j?ti.
Though there were several kinds of variations across the breadth of
India, the jati was the effective community within which one married
and spent most of one’s personal life. Often it was the community (Jati)
which one turned to for support, for resolution of disputes and it was
also the community which one sought to promote. People of different
Jatis across the spectrum, from the upper castes to the lowest of
castes, tended to avoid intermarriage, sharing of food and drinks, or
even close social interaction with other Jatis. An interesting
perspective on ancient North Indian society is provided by the Greek
Megasthenes, who,in his Indika, described the society as being made up
of “seven classes”:

“The whole population of India is divided into seven castes, of
which the first is formed by the collective body of the Philosophers,
which in point of number is inferior to the other classes, but in point
of dignity preeminent over all. For the philosophers, being exempted
from all public duties, are neither the masters nor the servants of
others. They are, however, engaged by private persons to offer the
sacrifices due in lifetime, and to celebrate the obsequies of the dead:
for they are believed to be most dear to the gods, and to be the most
conversant with matters pertaining to Hades. In requital of such
services they receive valuable gifts and privileges. To the people of
India at large they also render great benefits, when, gathered together
at the beginning of the year, they forewarn the assembled multitudes
about droughts and wet weather, and also about propitious winds, and
diseases, and other topics capable of profiting-the hearers. Thus the
people and the sovereign, learning beforehand what is to happen, always
make adequate provision against a coming deficiency, and never fail to
prepare beforehand what will help in a time of need. The philosopher
who errs in his predictions incurs no other penalty than obloquy, and
he then observes silence for the rest of his life.”

The other classes are also described by Arrian, in The Anabasis
Alexandrae, Book VIII: Indica (2nd c. CE) relying on the account of
Megasthenes:

“Then next to these come the farmers, these being the most numerous
class of Indians; they have no use for warlike arms or warlike deeds,
but they till the land; and they pay the taxes to the kings and to the
cities, such as are self-governing; and if there is internal war among
the Indians, they may not touch these workers, and not even devastate
the land itself; but some are making war and slaying all comers, and
others close by are peacefully ploughing or gathering the fruits or
shaking down apples or harvesting. The third class of Indians are the
herdsmen, pasturers of sheep and cattle, and these dwell neither by
cities nor in the villages. They are nomads and get their living on the
hillsides, and they pay taxes from their animals; they hunt also birds
and wild game in the country.

The fourth class is of artisans and shopkeepers; these are workers,
and pay tribute from their works, save such as make weapons of war;
these are paid by the community. In this class are the shipwrights and
sailors, who navigate the rivers. The fifth class of Indians is the
soldiers’ class, next after the farmers in number; these have the
greatest freedom and the most spirit. They practise military pursuits
only. Their weapons others forge for them, and again others provide
horses; others too serve in the camps, those who groom their horses and
polish their weapons, guide the elephants, and keep in order and drive
the chariots. They themselves, when there is need of war, go to war,
but in time of peace they make merry; and they receive so much pay from
the community that they can easily from their pay support others. The
sixth class of Indians are those called overlookers. They oversee
everything that goes on in the country or in the cities; and this they
report to the King, where the Indians are governed by kings, or to the
authorities, where they are independent. To these it is illegal to make
any false report; nor was any Indian ever accused of such
falsification. The seventh class is those who deliberate abbut the
community together with the King, or, in such cities as are
self-governing, with the authorities. In number this class is small,
but in wisdom and uprightness it bears the palm from all others; from
this class are selected their governors, district governors, and
deputies, custodians of the treasures, officers of army and navy,
financial officers, and overseers of agricultural works. To marry out
of any class is unlawful — as, for instance, into the farmer class from
the artisans, or the other way; nor must the same man practise two
pursuits; nor change from one class into another, as to turn farmer
from shepherd, or shepherd from artisan. It is only permitted to join
the wise men out of any class; for their business is not an easy one,
but of all most laborious.”

Modern India

Faced with a bewildering array of thousands of autonomous and
hierarchically fluid communities (Jatis),the late 19th century British
colonial administration decided to categorise and rank the entire Hindu
population of India by placing each of the Jatis within the Varna
system for the purposes of the decennial Census, and eventually for
administrative convenience. Simultaneous with the codification into law
of Varna-based caste identities during the British empire, communities
(Jatis) sought to place themselves on higher levels of Varna
categories. On the other hand, most of the Jatis grouped into the lower
caste categories found this arbitrary classification unreasonable,
unfair and unacceptable, as it did not reflect the reality. This newly
frozen materialization of caste created a growing resentment firstly
against the system itself and secondly against the Brahmins, who were
seen to be the beneficiaries of the arrangement which now officially
anointed their place at the top of the social hierarchy. The revolt of
the Justice Party and Periyar in the south, by the Maharaja of Kolhapur
and the outstanding scholar Dr Ambedkar in western India against this,
in the early decades of the twentieth century, has had a profound,
long-lasting impact on the Indian society and politics, which continues
to this date.

Some activists, most prominently at the UN conference at Durban,
have asserted that the caste is a form of racial discrimination. This
view has been disputed by some sociologists such as Andre Béteille, who
writes that treating caste as a form of racism is “politically
mischievous” and worse, “scientifically nonsense” since there is no
discernible difference in the racial characteristics between Brahmins
and Scheduled Castes such as the Jatav. He writes that “Every social
group cannot be regarded as a race simply because we want to protect it
against prejudice and discrimination.”

The Indian government, too, has denied the claims of equivalence
between caste and racial discrimination, pointing out that the issues
of social status is essentially intra-racial and intra-cultural. The
view of the caste system as “static and unchanging” has also been
disputed. The Indian government has been working towards creating
equality between castes with guaranteed seats in educational
institutions, government jobs (and promotions) and even in the
parliament for those of the Scheduled Untouchable castes and tribes.
Scholarships have also been available to all of these groups, so that
they can go on to further education more easily and this has raised
their social status.Sociologists describe how the perception of the
caste system as a static and textual stratification has given way to
the perception of the caste system as a more processional, empirical
and contextual stratification. Others have applied theoretical models
to explain mobility and flexibility in the caste system in India.
According to these scholars, groups of lower-caste individuals could
seek to elevate the status of their caste by attempting to emulate the
practices of higher castes.

The eminent Socio-anthropologistM. N. Srinivas has also questioned
the rigidity of caste and introduced the concept of Sanskritisation..

Scheduled castes

Main article: Reservation in India

In rural areas and small towns, the Jati-caste system is part of the
rural cultural values. Many argue rural cultural values and history
should be respected, just like rural society respects city culture. The
Jati-caste system is part of the multicultural heritage of South Asia,
but was distorted by the British Colonial policy, when it was cast into
the theoretical Varna mould. In this artificial Varna-caste system
mutual respect seems a difficult proposition and a distant, if ever
possible goal, due to caste politics.

The Government of India has officially documented castes and
subcastes, primarily to determine those deserving reservation (positive
discrimination in education and jobs) through the census. The Indian
reservation system, though limited in scope, relies entirely on quotas.
The Government lists consist of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and
Other Backward Classes:

Scheduled castes (SC)
Scheduled tribes (ST)
Other Backward Classes (OBC)

The Supreme Court of India on Apr 10 , 2008 upheld the law for 27%
OBC quota the law enacted by the Centre in 2006 providing a quota of 27
per cent for candidates belonging to the Other Backward Classes in
Central higher educational institutions .

Caste politics

Main article: Caste politics in India

Mahatma Gandhi, B. R. Ambedkar and Jawaharlal Nehru had radically
different approaches to caste especially over constitutional politics
and the status of “untouchables.” Till the mid-1970s, the politics of
independent India was largely dominated by economic issues and
questions of corruption. But since the 1980s, caste has emerged as a
major issue in the Politics of India.

The Mandal Commission was established in 1979 to “identify the
socially or educationally backward,” and to consider the question of
seat reservations and quotas for people to redress caste
discrimination. In 1980, the commission’s report affirmed the
affirmative action practice under Indian law whereby members of lower
castes were given exclusive access to a certain portion of government
jobs and slots in public universities. When V. P. Singh Government
tried to implement the recommendations of the Mandal Commission in
1989, massive protests were held throughout the country. Many alleged
that the politicians were trying to benefit personally from caste-based
reservations for purely pragmatic electoral purposes.

Many political parties in India have openly indulged in caste-based
politics. Parties such as Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) relies on the
Dalits, the Rashtriya Janata Dal, the Samajwadi Party and the Janata
Dal rely primarily on the support of Other Backward Castes, and Muslims
to win elections.

Caste in Japan

Main articles: Feudal Japan hierarchy and Burakumin

Two main castes in Japan were Samurai warrior castes and peasants.
Only samurai caste was allowed to bear arms. A samurai had a right to
kill any peasant who he felt was disrespectful.

Japan historically subscribed to a feudal caste system. While modern
law has officially abolished the caste hierarchy, there are reports of
discrimination against the Buraku or Burakumin undercastes,
historically referred to by the insulting term Eta. Studies
comparing the caste systems in India and Japan have been performed,
with similar discriminations against the Burakumin as the Dalits. The
Burakumin are regarded as “ostracised.” The burakumin are one of the
main minority groups in Japan, along with the Ainu of Hokkaid? and
residents of Korean and Chinese descent.

Caste in Korea

The Baekjeong were an “untouchable” outcaste group of Korea,
often compared with the burakumin of Japan and the dalits of India and
Nepal. The term baekjeong itself means “a butcher,” but later
changed into “common citizens” to change the caste system so that the
system would be without untouchables. In the early part of the Goryeo
period (918 - 1392), the outcaste groups were largely settled in fixed
communities. However, the Mongol invasion left Korea in disarray and
anomie, and these groups began to become nomadic. Other subgroups of
the baekjeong are the chaein and the hwachae. During the
Joseon dynasty, they were specific professions like basket weaving and
performing executions. They were also considered in moral violation of
Buddhist principles, which lead Koreans to see work involving meat as
polluting and sinful, even if they saw the consumption as acceptable.

The opening of Korea to foreign Christian missionary activity in the
late 19th century saw some improvement in the status of the baekjeong;
However, everyone was not equal under the Christian congregation, and
protests erupted when missionaries attempted to integrate them into
worship services, with non-baekjeong finding such an attempt
insensitive to traditional notions of hierarchical advantage. Also
around the same time, the baekjeong began to resist the open social
discrimination that existed against them. They focused on social and
economic injustices affecting the baekjeong, hoping to create an
egalitarian Korean society. Their efforts included attacking social
discrimination by the upper class, authorities, and “commoners” and the
use of degrading language against children in public schools.

With the unification of the three kingdoms in the seventh century
and the foundation of the Goryeo dynasty in the Middle Ages, Koreans
systemised its own native caste system. At the top was the two official
classes, the Yangban. Yangban means “two classes.” It was composed of
scholars (Munban) and warriors (Muban). Within the Yangban class, the
Scholars (Munban) enjoyed a significant social advantage over the
warrior (Muban) class, until the Muban Rebellion in 1170. Muban ruled
Korea under successive Warrior Leaders until the Mongol Conquest in
1253. Sambyeolcho, the private Army of the ruling Choe dynasty, carried
on the struggle against the Mongols until 1273, when they were finally
wiped out to the last man in Chejudo. With the destruction of the
warrior class, the Munban gained ascendancy. In 1392, with the
foundation of Joseon dynasty, the full ascendancy of munban over muban
was final. With the establishment of Confucianism as the state
philosophy of Joseon, the Muban would never again gain its former
social standing in Korean society.

Beneath the Yangban class were the Jung-in. They were the
technicians. They served in lower level government bureaucracy. They
were literate, yet were unable to rise into full bureaucratic positions
despite passing the gwageo (central government entrance) exam. This
class was small and specialised.

Beneath the Jung-in were the Chunmin. They were the landless
peasants. These people composed the majority of Korean society until
the 1600s. They were illiterate, and forbidden from marrying into the
Yangban class. During the Japanese invasion of 1592, as many government
genealogical record was burnt, many of them fabricated their social
origin and moved into the Yangban class. With the Manchu invasion of
Korea in the 1627 and 1637 and numerous peasant rebellions that
followed, the ranks of Yangban families swelled up to more than 60% of
the whole country by the late 1800s.

Beneath the Cheonmin were the Sangmin, also called Ssangnom in the vernacular. These were the servant class.

Underneath them all were the Baekjeong. The meaning today is that of
butcher. They originate from the Khitan invasion of Korea in the 1000s.
As they were defeated, instead of sending them back to Manchuria, The
Goryeo government retianed them as warriors, spread out throughout
Korea. As they were nomads skilled in hunting and tanning of leather,
their skill was initially valued by Koreans. Over the centuries, their
foreign origins were forgotten, and were only remembered as butchers
and tanners.

Korea had a very large slave population, nobi, ranging from a
third to half of the entire population for most of the millennium
between the Silla period and the Joseon Dynasty. Slavery was legally
abolished in Korea in 1894 but remained extant in reality until 1930.

With Gabo reform of 1896, the caste system of Korea was officially
abolished. However, the Yangban families carried on traditional
education and formal mannerisms into the 20th century. With the
democratization of 1990s in South Korea, remnant of such mannerisms and
classism is now heavily frowned upon in the South Korean society,
replaced by the myth of egalitarianism. However, with rampant
capitalism, a new aristocracy is slowly developing, caused by a major
gap in income among the people of Korea, with the resulting differences
in education and mannerism.

Caste in Nepal

Main article: Nepalese caste system

The Nepalese caste system resembles that of the Indian J?ti system
with numerous J?ti divisions with a Varna system superimposed.

Caste in Pakistan

Main article: Caste system among South Asian Muslims

A caste system similar to that in India is practiced in Pakistan. In
the absence of “classical” castes, typically the proxies used are
ethnic background (Sindhi, Punjabi, Pusthun, Balochi, Mohajir etc.),
tribal affiliations and religious denominations or sects (Sunni, Shia,
Ahmadiyya, Ismaili, Christian, Hindu etc.).

While caste/social stratification information can be found relating
to specific areas in Pakistan, it is not known if any studies have
compared how relatively prevalent such attitudes are amongst the
various ethnic groups, religious sects and geographies. Also, it is not
known if any tracking studies have documented changes in these social
attitudes.

Anecdotal evidence seems to suggest that there are quite significant
differences in how social stratification is practised within, and
between, the various ethnic/religious groups in Pakistan.

The social stratification among Muslims in the “Swat” area of North
Pakistan has been meaningfully compared to the Caste system in India.
The society is rigidly divided into subgroups where each Quom (meaning
tribe or nation) is assigned a profession. Different Quoms are not
permitted to intermarry or live in the same community. These tribes
practice a ritual-based system of social stratification. The Quoms who
deal with human emissions are ranked the lowest.

The caste system in Pakistan creates sectarian divide and strong
issues. Lower castes (or classes) are often severely persecuted by the
upper castes (or classes). Lower castes are denied privileges in many
communities and violence is committed against them. A particularly
infamous example of such incidents is that of Mukhtaran Mai in
Pakistan, a low caste woman who was gang raped by upper caste men. In
addition, educated Pakistani women from the lower castes maybe at risk
to be persecuted by the higher castes for attempting to break the
shackles of the local, restrictive system (that traditionally denied
education to the lower castes, particularly the women).

A recent example of this is the case of Ghazala Shaheen, a low caste
Muslim woman in Pakistan who, in addition to getting a higher
education, had an uncle who eloped with a woman of a high caste family.
She was accosted and gang-raped by the upper-caste family. The chances
of any legal action are low due to the Pakistani Government’s inability
to repeal the Hudood ordinance against women in Pakistan, though, in
2006, Pakistan president Pervez Musharraf proposed laws against Hudood
making rape a punishable offense, which were ratified by the Pakistani
senate. The law is meeting considerable opposition from the Islamist
parties in Pakistan, who insist that amending the laws to make them
more civilised towards women is against the mandate of Islamic
religious law.. Despite these difficulties, the law passed and is now
expected to help the situation in regards to women.

The late Nawab Akbar Bugti, the leader of his tribe and fighting for
the Balochistan Liberation Army, criticised Punjabi attitudes to women
when he said, “What respect we give to a woman, irrespective of her
caste, religion or ethnicity, no Punjabi can understand.”

Caste in Sri Lanka

Main article: Caste in Sri Lanka
Main article: Caste system in Sri Lanka

Caste in Yemen

In Yemen there exists a caste-like system that keeps the Al-Akhdam
as perennial manual workers for the society through practices that
mirror untouchability. The Al-Akhdam (literally “servants”, plural Khadem)
are the lowest rung in the Yemeni caste system and by far the poorest.
According to official estimates, the total number of Khadem countrywide
is in the neighborhood of 500,000, some 100,000 of which live in the
outskirts of the capital Sana’a, while according to a New York Times
article from February 27, 2008 there are more than a million. The
remainder are dispersed mainly in and around the cities of Aden, Taiz,
Lahj, Abyan, Hodeidah and Mukalla.

Origin

The Khadem are not members of the three castes, Bedouin (nomads), fellahin (villagers), and hadarrin
(townspeople), that comprise mainstream Arab society. They are believed
to be of Ethiopian ancestry. Some sociologists theorise that the Khadem
are descendants of Ethiopian soldiers who had occupied Yemen in the 5th
century but were driven out in the 6th century. According to this
theory the al-Akhdham are descended from the soldiers who stayed behind
and were forced into menial labor as a punitive measure.

Discrimination

The Khadem live in small shanty towns and are marginalised and
shunned by mainstream society in Yemen. Khadem slums exist mostly in
big cities, including the capital, Sana’a. Their segregated communities
have poor housing conditions. As a result of their low position in
society, very few children in the Khadem community are enrolled in
school and often have little choice but to beg for money and intoxicate
themselves with crushed glass.

A traditional saying in the region goes: “Clean your plate if it is
touched by a dog, but break it if it’s touched by a Khadem.” Though
conditions have improved somewhat over the past few years, the Khadem
are still stereotyped by mainstream Yemenese society, considering them
lowly, dirty, ill-mannered and immoral.

Many NGO’s and charitable organizations from other countries such as
CARE International are working towards their emancipation, while the
Yemenese government denies that there is any discrimination against the
Khadem.

Caste in the United States

Many, including W. Lloyd Warner, Gunnar Myrdal, and John Dollard,
believe that there is a caste system in the United States based on the
colour of a person’s skin. However, some hold that this relationship
should not be referred to as a full-fledge caste system. Caste systems
are supported by ritual, convention, and law. Status can influence and
determine class, which also determines the caste system where a person
belongs. Weber stressed that class, status, and political power relate
and affect each other.

“Caste structure is an extreme form of status inequality in that
relationships between the groups involved are said to be fixed and
supported by ideology and/or law”. In the US, membership in a specific
caste is often hereditary, marriage within one’s caste is mandatory,
mobility is impossible, and occupation is determined by caste position.
Mobility is possible within one’s caste but not between castes. Race
and ethnic stratification is evident throughout US caste systems. Each
caste system must abide by specific codes of race relations in which
certain behaviors and positions are expected by each group. Caste as
metaphor for race relations was developed academically by Lloyd Warner
’s “American Caste and Class”, Gunnar Myrdal ’s An American Dilemma,
and John Dollard ’s Caste and Class in a Southern Town. Myrdal argued
that “the scientifically important difference between the terms ‘caste’
and ‘class’… is … a relatively large difference in freedom of movement
between groups”.

See also

  • Class society
  • Elitism
  • Feudal society
  • Multiculturalism
  • Noble lie
  • Segregation
  • Social stratification

Notes

  1. ^ Discrimination, UNICEF
  2. ^ Sparta - A Military City-State
  3. ^ The Roman Republic
  4. ^ Livy, Ab Urbe Condita 1:8
  5. ^ Medieval Society
  6. ^ http://home.earthlink.net/~torenhudson/ushist1/mediev1.html
  7. ^ Polish Nobility and Its Heraldry: An Introduction
  8. ^ Serf. A Dictionary of World History
  9. ^ Fair elections haunted by racial imbalance
  10. ^ Mauritanian MPs pass slavery law by BBC News
  11. ^ Africa’s Lost Tribe Discovers American Way
  12. ^ The ‘Four Class System’
  13. ^ Black Bone Yi (people)
  14. ^ General Profile of the Yi
  15. ^ The Yi ethnic minority
  16. ^ Kapu System and Caste System of Ancient Hawai’i
  17. ^ varna, or Varna (Hinduism)
  18. ^ Caste, Class and Social Articulation in Andhra Pradesh: Mapping Differential Regional Trajectories, K. Srinivasulu
  19. ^ The Origin of Untouchability
  20. ^ India: ‘Hidden Apartheid’ of Discrimination Against Dalits (Human Rights Watch, 13-2-2007)
  21. ^ UN report slams India for caste discrimination
  22. ^ India Criticised for Discrimination Against Untouchables
  23. ^ An Untouchable Subject?
  24. ^ Final Declaration of the Global Conference Against Racism and Caste-based Discrimination
  25. ^ Discrimination that must be cast away,The Hindu
  26. ^ James Silverberg (November 1969). “Social Mobility in the Caste System in India: An Interdisciplinary Symposium”. The American Journal of Sociology 75 (3): 443–444. 
  27. ^ Srinivas, M.N, Religion and Society among the Coorgs of South India by MN Srinivas, Page 32 (Oxford, 1952)
  28. ^ Caste in Modern India; And
    other essays: Page 48. (Media Promoters & Publishers Pvt. Ltd,
    Bombay; First Published: 1962, 11th Reprint: 1994)
  29. ^ List of Scheduled Castes Delhi Govt.
  30. ^ Reply to SC daunting task for government, Tribune India
  31. ^ What is India’s population of other backward classes?,Yahoo News
  32. ^ SC allows 27% quota for OBCs-India-The Times of India
  33. ^ SC okays 27% quota for OBCs in higher studies- Politics/Nation-News-The Economic Times
  34. ^ NDTV.com: SC upholds 27 per cent OBC quota in educational institutions
  35. ^
  36. ^ Breaking News Online: Breaking News! Supreme Court upholds OBC Quota in Educational Institutions
  37. ^ » Supreme Court upholds Governments OBC quota in higher educational institutions - Thaindian News
  38. ^ The Hindu : Front Page : Supreme Court upholds law for 27% OBC quota
  39. ^ http://www.freshnews.in/supreme-court-upholds-government’s-obc-quota-in-higher-educational-institutions-24625
  40. ^ a b Danny Yee. “Book review of Caste, Society and Politics in India: From the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age”. http://dannyreviews.com/h/Caste_India.html. Retrieved on 2006-12-11. 
  41. ^ Bhattacharya, Amit. “”Who are the OBCs?””. http://www.theotherindia.org/caste/who-are-the-obcs.html. Retrieved on 2006-04-19.  Times of India, April 8, 2006.
  42. ^ “Caste-Based Parties”. Country Studies US. http://countrystudies.us/india/116.htm. Retrieved on 2006-12-12. 
  43. ^ Caste, Ethnicity and Nationality: Japan Finds Plenty of Space for Discrimination
  44. ^ William H. Newell (December 1961). “The Comparative Study of Caste in India and Japan”. Asian Survey 1 (10): 3–10. doi:10.1525/as.1961.1.10.01p15082. http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0004-4687(196112)1%3A10%3C3%3ATCSOCI%3E2.0.CO%3B2-F. 
  45. ^ Kim,
    Joong-Seop (1999). “In Search of Human Rights: The Paekch?ng Movement
    in Colonial Korea”. in Gi-Wook Shin and Michael Robinson. Colonial Modernity in Korea. pp. 326.
     
  46. ^ Kim, Joong-Seop (2003). The Korean Paekj?ng under Japanese rule: the quest for equality and human rights. pp. 147. 
  47. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica - Slavery
  48. ^ Edward Willett Wagner - The Harvard University Gazette
  49. ^ Korean Nobi
  50. ^ Leach, Edmund Ronald (November 24, 1971). Aspects of Caste in South India, Ceylon and North-West Pakistan (Pg 113). Cambridge University Press. 
  51. ^ Leach, Edmund Ronald (November 24, 1971). Aspects of Caste in South India, Ceylon and North-West Pakistan (Pg 113). Cambridge University Press. 
  52. ^ CNN.com - Six men found guilty in gang rape - Dec. 12, 2002
  53. ^ Pakistani graduate raped to punish her low-caste family The Sunday Times - September 24, 2006
  54. ^ Pakistan senate backs rape bill,BBC
  55. ^ Strong feelings over Pakistan rape laws,BBC
  56. ^ Tribals looking down a barrel in Balochistan
  57. ^ a b Akhdam: Ongoing suffering for lost identity Yemen Mirror
  58. ^ Despite caste-less society in Yemen, generations languish at bottom of ladder
  59. ^ a b c d e YEMEN: Akhdam people suffer history of discrimination,irinnews.org
  60. ^ a b Caste In Yemen by Marguerite Abadjian,Countercurrents.org archive of The Baltimore Sun
  61. ^ Yemen Times
  62. ^ Hurst, Charles E. Social Inequality: Forms, Causes, and Consequences. Sixth Edition.
  63. ^ Myrdal, Gunnar. 1944. An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy. New York: Harper and Brothers.

References

  • Spectres of Agrarian Territory by David Ludden December 11, 2001
  • “Early Evidence for Caste in South India,” p. 467-492 in Dimensions of Social Life: Essays in honor of David G. Mandelbaum, Edited by Paul Hockings and Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, New York, Amsterdam, 1987.

left arm return sectional slipcover

You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

No Responses to “Caste (social)”

  1. Jagatheesan Chandrasekharan Says:
    Your comment is awaiting moderation.

    Some Religions believe in souls of Human Beings.
    But not for animals. Hence you could do whatever you want to do to them.
    One Religion believes in First, second, third, fourth rate souls.
    But also Human beings without soul and they could be treated in any
    fashion they wanted to do to them. They are the aboriginal Inhabitants
    of Jambudvipa, that is , the Great Prabuddha Bharath who never accepted
    the system and hence they became untouchables (Scheduled Castes and
    Scheduled Tribes).
    Buddha never believed in Souls. But all are Equals.


http://pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=47220

EC meets Recognized Political Parties to discuss issues related to conduct of Elections

The Election Commission convened a
meeting today with all recognized National and State political parties to
discuss issues related to the forthcoming General Elections. Representatives
of all the seven National parties and 26 out of the 40 State parties attended
the meeting. A list of the parties, which were represented in the meeting,
is annexed.

            The Commission emphasized on
observance of the Model Code of Conduct in letter and spirit. The Commission
urged the parties to strictly avoid communal overtones in election campaign.
The Commission also mentioned about the need to curb corrupt practices and
malpractices of bribing of electors with money, liquor and gifts in various
forms, and about the need to monitor and curb surrogate advertisements. The
Commission urged the political parties to avail the facility of appointing
Booth Level Agents to help improve the quality of the electoral rolls.

            The political parties gave their
views on the timing and phasing of elections. Most of the parties suggested
shortest possible duration of the whole election process, while taking into
account various National, State holidays, Board exam schedule and other
sensitivities. They suggested that in States where single day poll had been
held in the past, the same procedure should be followed. Most of the parties
stressed the need to have Central Police Forces coverage in all places for
ensuring free and fair poll, while a few parties had the view that Central
Police Forces should be need based and not as a general rule. 

            The parties dealt with the issue of
electoral rolls, and about the need for sustained efforts at the field level to
remove the errors in the rolls and in the maximization of Electoral Photo
Identity Cards. They agreed with the Commission on the need for effective steps
for ensuring compliance with the Model Code of Conduct and level playing field
for all parties and candidates. The parties almost unanimously pleaded for
taking effective measures to combat surrogate advertisements and attempts to
misuse the print media to plant customized reports projecting particular
candidates/parties.  Several parties
demanded ban on publishing the results of opinion polls and exit polls till the
completion of poll in all phases. Some parties requested for relaxation in the
matter of use of posters and banners, wall writing for election campaign and
some called for a total ban on hoardings and large sized banners and
flags.  While acknowledging the
initiatives taken to streamline the postal ballot procedure for persons on
election duty, some parties emphasized the need for further close monitoring of
this procedure. There were also demand for counting of votes in such a manner
that the booth-wise voting pattern is not known in order to prevent chances of
post election victimization and intimidation of electors. 

            All the parties assured the Commission
of their whole-hearted support in the conduct of smooth, free and fair elections.

ANNEXURE

POLITICAL PARTIES WHICH ATTENDED THE
MEETING ON

3RD FEBRUARY,
2009

NATIONAL PARTIES

Sl. No.

 Name of the Party

1.

Bahujan Samaj Party

2.

Bharatiya Janata Party

3.

Communist
Party of
India

4.

Communist
Party of
India (Marxist)

5.

Indian
National Congress

6.

Nationalist
Congress Party

7.

Rashtriya Janata Dal

STATE PARTIES

S. No.

Name of
the
    party

All India Anna Dravida
Munnetra Kazhagam

All India Forward Bloc

All India Trinamool
Congress

Assam United Democratic Front

Asom Gana Parishad

6

Biju Janata Dal

7

Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam

8

Indian
National
Lok Dal

9

Jammu
& Kashmir National Conference

10

Jammu
& Kashmir National Panthers Party

11

Janata Dal (Secular)

12

Janata Dal (United)

13

Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra
Kazhagam

14

Mizo National Front

15

Nagaland Peoples Front

16

National
People’s Party

17

Pattali Makkal Katchi

18.

Pudhucherry Munnetra Congress

19.

Revolutionary
Socialist Party

20.

Samajwadi Party

21.

Save Goa Front

22.

Shiromani Akali Dal

23.

Shiv Sena

24.

Sikkim Democratic Front

25.

Telangana Rashtra Samithi

26.

 

Telugu Desam


Crucial votes

JAMBUDVIPA, THAT IS THE GREAT PRABUDDHA BHARATH

Parliamentary election, April/May

More than 230 parties, including six main national ones, will be
seeking the votes of India’s 650-million-plus voters this spring. The
result will not be a coalition government.

At the last election in 2004 these two parties took just over
half the seats in parliament. The Bahujan Samaj Party of the Aboriginal Inhabitants of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath (SC/STs forced by Central Asian Invaders as Untouchables, since they did not accept the system of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th rate and no souls concept but all are equal according to the Buddha who did not believe in souls), scored a remarkable election victory in Uttar
Pradesh in 2007, and its feisty leader Mayawati, a former teacher,
could emerge from the national election as the Prime Minister.

State elections in December were not encouraging for the BJP,
despite its charge that the Congress-led government’s weakness was
responsible for the Mumbai attacks. But India’s slowing economic growth
is bad news for Congress.

The year 2009 is a big one for global democracy.

The Iraqi provincial elections on Saturday marked the start of a
year of polls that could bring big changes, for better or worse. Israel
votes on 10 February, while India, the world’s biggest democratic
country, votes in spring, followed quickly by Iran and Afghanistan.

Click below to find out what hangs on nine key elections in Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Middle East.

IraqIsraelSouth AfricaIndonesiaIndia IranAfghanistanJapanGermany

IRAQ

Provincial elections, 31 January 2009; Parliamentary election in December

The January elections passed off peacefully, in stark contrast
to the last provincial election in 2005. Many Iraqi Sunnis cast ballots
for the first time after boycotting previous polls, increasing Iraq’s
chances of holding together as an integrated state. (Secular Shia
parties appear to have gained ground at the expense of the currently
dominant religious-based ones, which many Iraqis blame for taking the
country to the brink of civil war in the 2006-7.)

The three Kurdish-ruled provinces that make up autonomous Iraqi
Kurdistan have yet to schedule provincial elections, for internal
reasons, though elections to the regional parliament have been called
for May. The disputed oil-rich province of Kirkuk - an area over which
Kurds claim sovereignty but which has a mixed ethnic population - also
sat out these latest elections because divisions over the electoral
system were seen as too hard to bridge.

As long as arguments over the provincial election results can
be avoided, elections seem likely to hasten the withdrawal of US
troops. Observers also regard the vote as a possible clue to the
outcome of the parliamentary election in December. (That could be good
news for prime minister Nouri al-Maliki, whose allies appear to have
been the big winners this time.)

ISRAEL

Parliamentary election, 10 February

In the wake of the Gaza conflict, voters will be able to have
their say on the future of Israeli-Palestinian relations. The two
leading parties - the centrist Kadima party and the right-wing Likud
party - have contrasting positions on US-backed negotiations with the
Palestinians, with Kadima leader Tzipi Livni pledging to push them
forward, and Likud leader Binyamin Netanyahu saying he would
concentrate on boosting the Palestinian economy instead. He opposes any
agreement that would divide Jerusalem.

Opinion polls suggest Likud is likely to end up in a position
to form a coalition government, with the help of the ultra-nationalist
Yisrael Beitenu party, which has a chance of becoming the country’s
third largest party. Its leader, Avigdor Lieberman, has long called for
crushing military action against Hamas. He also wants to expel Arab
citizens from the country.

Correspondents also see the country making a lurch to the
right. The Labour Party, led by Defence Minister Ehud Barak, enjoyed a
surge in support as a result of the Gaza operation, but not enough to
put it in reach of Likud or Kadima.

SOUTH AFRICA

Parliamentary and presidential, March/April

South Africa’s elections expected in March or April are set to
be the most exciting since Nelson Mandela became president in 1994. In
the parliamentary vote the ruling African National Congress faces its
first major democratic challenge from a new breakaway party - the
Congress of the People (Cope) - formed when the ANC ousted its previous
leader Thabo Mbeki from the presidency.

Cope hopes to benefit from popular dissatisfaction with the
ANC’s economic record after 14 years in power. It has its eyes set on
gaining control of key provinces such as Gauteng, Eastern Cape and
Western Cape and hopes to stop the ANC from winning a two-thirds
majority in parliament. This would enable the ANC to change the
constitution, for example by guaranteeing immunity from prosecution to
ANC leader Jacob Zuma - a strong favourite for the post of president.

INDONESIA

Parliamentary election, April; Presidential election, July

People in Indonesia’s 18,000 islands will be going to the polls
twice this year, with parliamentary elections in April and the
presidential vote scheduled for July. It is only the second democratic
presidential election the country has held - regarded as a crucial
stepping stone for a young democracy, especially if it results in a
peaceful transfer of power.

President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono has already signalled his
intention to stand for re-election, as has former president Megawati
Sukarnoputri, but there are others waiting in the wings who also stand
a chance of leading the world’s most populous Muslim country.

The main issues exercising voters are likely to be the economy,
employment opportunities and the fight against corruption - especially
high-level corruption, which continues to plague Indonesian politics.

IRAN

Presidential election, 12 June

The controversial incumbent president, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad,
could become the first president of the Islamic republic not to be
re-elected for a second four-year term.

It is thought he may face a strong challenger in the form of
Ali Larijani, the speaker of parliament - a conservative, but a man who
speaks the language of international diplomacy and may be prepared to
engage in dialogue with the new US leadership. Until late 2007, he was
Tehran’s chief nuclear negotiator.

The reformist and former president, Mohammad Khatami, is also
being pressed by supporters to stand again. Many reformist voters
boycotted the 2005 election that brought Mr Ahmadinejad to power, but
are expected to take part this time. Mr Khatami attempted to introduce
change during his two terms in office but was thwarted by the
conservative establishment.

The key issue is the economy - oil prices have fallen, inflation is more than 25% and unemployment is rising.

Other possible candidates are Mr Ahmadinejad’s successor as
mayor of Tehran, Mohamed Baqer Qalibaf, a conservative, and the
reformist Mehdi Karroubi, who offered anyone in Iran a $50 (£29)
hand-out last time he stood for election.

AFGHANISTAN

Presidential election, summer

The vote - originally due to take place in May - has been
postponed until August because of the deteriorating security situation,
in particular the conflict in the south and east of the country between
Taleban militants on the one hand, and international and Afghan
government forces on the other.

If the election goes ahead in August the big question is
whether the Pashtuns, the largest ethnic group, will turn out to vote.
If the Afghan government is to succeed, it must engage and win the
trust of its people.

Despite falling popularity at home and abroad, the Afghan
President, Hamid Karzai, has already announced that he will be seeking
a second term. Other Afghan political heavyweights are expected to
enter the fray this spring. Among those thought likely to be seeking
the top job are a number of former ministers, including Ali Jalali,
Ashraf Ghani and Dr Abdullah Abdullah, as well as the powerful
provincial governor Gul Agha Sherzai. There is also speculation that
the Afghan-born American ambassador to the UN, Zalmay Khalilzad, could
throw his hat into the ring.

JAPAN

Parliamentary election, by September

Japan has to hold a general election by the end of September
2009, and it could prove an important turning point in Japanese
political history. For the past 50 years, the leading Liberal
Democratic Party (LDP) has ruled the country almost continually, but
this time the rival Democratic Party ( DPJ) has a real chance of
emerging victorious. The LDP has faced a series of problems in the past
year, with economic woes, corruption scandals and parliamentary
deadlock leading to consistently low approval ratings.

Taro Aso was chosen as prime minister in September, his two
predecessors having lasted just a year each. There was speculation that
he might hold elections soon after he came to office, while his
popularity was still high. But with falling ratings, and a worsening
economic forecast, the prospect of early elections now seems more
doubtful.

GERMANY

Parliamentary election, 27 September

The election pits the two components of the current governing
coalition against one another - Chancellor Angela Merkel’s Christian
Democrats (CDU) against Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier’s
Social Democrats (SPD). Neither wants to be forced into a re-run of the
same “grand coalition”. The Christian Democrats would prefer a
partnership with the liberal Free Democrats (FDP), while the Social
Democrats would prefer to deal with the Greens.

But German politics are getting more complicated, and an
uncomfortable three-way coalition could well be the outcome - a
so-called “traffic light” partnership of SPD, FDP and Greens, or a
“Jamaica” coalition of CDU, FDP and Greens.

Both Mrs Merkel and Mr Steinmeier are aiming for the political
centre ground. The economic crisis has put Mrs Merkel’s high approval
rating under pressure; after ruling out fiscal measures to stimulate
the economy, she was criticised for being slow to act, and has since
cut taxes and boosted spending.


An Obama Moment for Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha bharath’s Aboriginal Inhabitants (SC/STs forced by Central Asian Invaders who believed in 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th rate souls and Human Beings who refused to accept the concept, since the Buddha did not believe in any soul but all were equal, asUntouchables


Among the many international
consequences of Barack Obama’s stunning victory in the United States is worldwide
introspection and such a breakthrough could happen elsewhere.
A person of color win power in other
white-majority countries. A member of a beleaguered minority transcend the
circumstances of her birth to lead her country.

While many analysts in a wide variety
of nations, especially in Europe, have
concluded that such an event could not occur there in the foreseeable future,
Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath is an exception. Minority
politicians have long wielded authority, if not power, in its various high
offices. Indeed, Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath ’s last
general election, in 2004, was won by a woman of Italian heritage and Roman
Catholic faith (Sonia Gandhi) who made way for a Sikh (Manmohan Singh) to be
sworn in as Prime Minister by a Muslim (President Abdul Kalam) in a country
that is 81% Hindu. Not only could it happen here, Jambudvipa, that is, the
Great Prabuddha Bharath say, it already has.

The closest Jambudvipa, that is, the
Great Prabuddha Bharath analogy to the position of black Americans is that of
the Aboriginal Inhabitants of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath
(SC/STs) – ill treated by the Central Invaders who believed in 1st,
2nd, 3rd, 4th rate souls but those who did not
accept the concept, since the Buddha never believed in any soul but all were
equals, were treated as no souls as “Untouchables,” who for millennia
suffered humiliating discrimination and oppression. Like blacks in the US, Aboriginal
Inhabitants of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath (SC/STs) account
for about 15% of the population; they are found disproportionately in
low-status, low-income jobs; their levels of educational attainment are lower
than the upper castes; and they still face daily incidents of discrimination
for no reason other than their identity at birth. Only when a Aboriginal
Inhabitant of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath (SC/STs) rules Jambudvipa,
that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath can the country truly be said to have
attained its own “Obama moment.”

In theory, this already has happened:
K. R. Narayanan, born into a poor Aboriginal Inhabitant of Jambudvipa, that is,
the Great Prabuddha Bharath (SC) family, served as Jambudvipa, that is, the
Great Prabuddha Bharath ’s president, the highest office in the land, from 1997
to 2002. But the Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath Presidency is
a largely ceremonial position: real power is vested in the office of Prime Minister,
and no Aboriginal Inhabitant of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha
Bharath (SC/STs) has come close to holding that post. Since independence in
1947, a majority of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath ’s Prime Ministers
have been Brahmins, the highest Hindu caste.

Yet the next national elections, due
before May 2009, may produce a plausible Aboriginal Inhabitant of Jambudvipa,
that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath (SC)contender for the job of Prime Minister
- Kumari Mayawati, the female Chief Minister of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great
Prabuddha Bharath ’s largest state, Uttar Pradesh.

Since 1991, no Indian governing party
has enjoyed a secure parliamentary majority on its own, necessitating
multi-party coalition governments. The current Congress Party-led government of
Manmohan Singh comprises 20 parties; it succeeded a 23-party coalition headed
by the Bharatiya Janata Party’s Atal Bihari Vajpayee.

This time they are likely to face a
third alternative: Mayawati, whose Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) may command a bloc
of at least 260 seats. She has publicly expressed her disdain for both large
national parties; she would much rather lead the Nation on her own.

This is a remarkable development: the
idea that a Aboriginal Inhabitant of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha
Bharath (SC) woman could lead Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath has
been inconceivable for 3,000 years. But Jambudvipa, that is, the Great
Prabuddha Bharath ’s democracy has opened new pathways to empowerment for its
aboriginals. The poor and the oppressed may not have much, but they do have the
numbers, which is what matters at the ballot box.

Aboriginal Inhabitants of Jambudvipa,
that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath (listed in the Constitution as
“Scheduled Castes and Tribes”) are entitled to 85 seats in India’s
543-member parliament that are “reserved” for candidates from their
communities. Mayawati’s shrewd alliances, including with some members of the
upper castes, which propelled her to power in Uttar Pradesh, give her party a
fighting chance to win a number of other seats as well. In a
coalition-dependent parliamentary system, that could be all she needs to become
Prime Minister.

The daughter of a government clerk,
Mayawati studied law and worked as a teacher before being spotted by the BSP’s
founder, the late Kanshi Ram, and groomed for political leadership. Her ascent
has been marked by a heavy emphasis on symbolism - her rule in Uttar Pradesh
has featured the construction of numerous statues of Aboriginal Inhabitants of
Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath (SC/STs/OBCs) leaders, notably
herself.

She takes pride in being the
Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath politician who pays the
highest income taxes - about $6 million last year. But there is no denying that
her rise to power in Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath ’s
largest state, which sends 80 members to parliament, has given her a vital
platform to bid for Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath’s most
powerful job. she’s clearly a Obama. If she succeeds, she will have overcome a
far longer legacy of discrimination.



comments (0)
02/11/09
LESSON 3 BSP in South India and the forthcoming Parliamentary elections VOTE BSP ELEPHANT FOR CHANGE-FOR SELF RESPECT! GET A VOTE AND A NOTE! FOR BSP! DONT WAIT BUT BAIT! TO GRAB THE MASTER KEY!-Make me PM Write Down on the Wall was Dr. Ambedkar’s Sign ! Two Thousand Nine ! Will Be Mine ! - Says Ms Mayawati Bahen ! Now is all that you have! By voting for BSP, the Nation you save! 2008 Bahen Mayawati the UttarPradesh Chief Minister ! Map of the Maurya Empire under Ashoka’s rule. 2009 Prabuddha Bharatha Matha the Prime Minister !-BSP in South India and the forthcoming Parliamentary elections-Uttar Pradesh plans public-private model for power distribution-No help from Centre for welfare projects: Mayawati-Important cabinet decisions
Filed under: General
Posted by: site admin @ 8:15 am

LESSON 3 BSP in South India and the forthcoming Parliamentary elections





BSP in South India and the forthcoming Parliamentary elections

— On Sun,
8/2/09, E. Anban
wrote:

From: E. Anban

Subject: Fw: BSP in South India and the forthcoming Parliamentary elections
To: “chandra jagadesan”
Date: Sunday, 8 February, 2009, 9:37 PM

Dear sir,
In Dhamma,
E Anban

— On Sat, 7/2/09, P.P.
Lakshman
wrote:

From: P.P. Lakshman

Subject: BSP in South India and the forthcoming Parliamentary elections
To: “Saint S” , ayyagaje@yahoo.co.uk,
bliachennai@yahoo.com, buddhavedu@sify.com, BuddhistCircle@yahoogroups.com,
dalitvoice@rediffmail.com, dhamma_voice@yahoogroups.com,
erimalairathnam1@yahoo.com, nrrampilla@hotmail.com, onkrishnan@yahoo.com,

ponnuduraim@yahoo.co.in,
“veera mani” ,
thomastabraham@rediffmail.com, vinayarakkhita@yahoo.co.in, vtr@ndf.vsnl.net.in,
sakyagroup@yahoogroups.com, erantia@rediffmail.com, sshankar@cmi.ac.in
Cc: drsureshbsp@yahoo.co.in
Date: Saturday, 7 February, 2009, 7:50 PM

BSP in South India and the forthcoming Parliamentary elections

The Parliamentary elections in India will take place during the
months of April and May 2009.

All the major parties like the Congress, BJP, Communist
Parties have announced that they will announce the candidates for the
constituencies concerned in the next few days.

Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) is making its presence in Uttar
Pradesh and the neighboring States of Delhi, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and
Rajasthan. Little or no presence in the Southern States of Andhra Pradesh,
Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Kerala. It may be recalled that BSP made extensive
efforts in the Karnataka
State Assembly elections
last year. It did not win a single seat there, but it increased the votes
polled in its favour by more than 50% compared to the previous elections.

BSP is emerging as a
national party, representing 85% of India’s population of OBCs, SCs, STs and all
the minorities of Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Parsis, Buddhists. But there
seems to be a conspiracy in place by a few bigoted minority with its manuwadi
mindset against the rising BSP, downgrading it as a party of dalits only
opposed to high caste Hindus and other sections of the society. The history

of the origin and growth of BSP over the past 25 years
based on the vision of Dr B.R. Ambedkar and the guiding principles of the
Indian Constitution framed by him is a history of the struggle of the downtrodden
suffering from the stranglehold of the manuwadis.(For ready reference, please
google Bahujan Samaj Party). Penguin publishers have just come out with a
fascinating biography of BSP President Mayawati, presently the Chief Minister
of Uttar Pradesh (”Behenji: Political biography of Mayawati” by Ajay
Bose). A recent article in the Times of India makes reasoned estimates of
the chances for the next Prime Minister for Manmohan Singh at 25 to 30%, L.K.
Advani at 10 to 15%, and for Mayawati at 40 to 45%.

The purpose of this review is to draw attention to the
need, the urgent need, for doing every thing possible to increase the votes
polled for BSP in the Southern states in the coming Lok Sabha elections, even
if that is not likely to get seats. This will be an opportunity, which comes
only once in five years, and we should not miss it. BSP is only 25 years old,
compared to Congress and other major parties which are more or less than a
hundred years old. BSP has to take roots and grow, and the people in Southern States
especially ought to do their bit, right now.

Right now, Dr Suresh
Mane, Regional Director of BSP,  a very talented organiser and tireless
campaigner (Mobile:98690 89814 and 94479 57775, Email: drsureshbsp@yahoo.co.in), is
touring the southern States for finalising the candidates for the
constituencies, and facilitating campaigning programs. Kerala, my home

State, has 20 constituencies, and I am reviewing the
position there, constituency by constituency, with the local supporters of BSP
that I know or have heard about. Prospects of increasing the votes polled for
BSP varies, depending upon the resources available for the candidates for
transport (jeep, driver, diesel) for 3 months (Feb 10 to April 10, 2009),
printing and distribution of flyers, pamphlets, and various other items.

Those with internet facilities can make an easy start with
a list of the Parliamentary constituencies for each State in South
India
, with the current sitting members, their party affiliations,
etc. These data would be available from the websites of each State government.
Further work would begin with the old and new friends and acquaintances that
one is able to locate in and around each constituency.

Best wishes,

 

Lakshman

Feb 7, ‘09

Email:

pplakshman08@gmail.com

Telephone:
917-664-6566

 

Respected Anban Ji

Thank you for your inspiring mail.

As per THREE BASKETS Study Circle
observations:

ACHIEVE SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION  BASKET ONE !
THROUGH SOCIAL ENGINEERING BASKET TWO !
FOR SUCCESSFUL ECONOMIC EMANCIPATION THE BASKET THREE !

2008 Bahen Mayawati is the Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister !
2009 Prabuddha Bharath Matha the Prime Minister !

Now the name Mayawati is popular in the nook and corner of the entire Prabuddha
Bharath in general and Karnataka in particular.BSP will get more than 20 seats
from Karnataka alone.
Under the leadership of the following:
Mr. Veer Singh MP and Mr.Ashok Siddharth MLC are in-charge of Karnataka BSP
Mr.Marasandra Muniappa is the President
Mr.Zulfakir Hasmi Ex.MLS is the Vice-President
Mr. Gopinath State General Secretary
Mr.Koramangala Muniappa Treasurer
Mr. N.Mahesh
Mr.M.Jayanna
Mr.R.Muniappa
Mr.Sridhar Kalver
Mr. Bulla Subba Rao
Mr.KB Shanthappa
Mr.H Mohan Kumar
Mr.Jigini Shankar
Mr. Shanthappa G. Patil
Mr. B.Kamalanaban all General secretaries and around 26 Secretaries and leaders
of working committee BBMP Assembly, ward. sector and Booth level leaders are
working day 0n and day out for the success of the party.

For example in one of the Assembly constituency, the In-charge of the assembly
who is a member of BBMP, President, General Secretary, Treasurer, Office
Secretary, Brotherhood committee, BAMCEF, BVF, leaders along with the ward committee
Office bearers meet regularly. Ward Presidents have been asked to form sector
and booth committees and have been assured that they would be nominated for the
next elections to BBMP.The Sector and booth committee members are going around
and talking to the voters

to Vote for BSP elephant for Change


For Self  Respect !
Get a Vote and a Note !
for the success of BSP !
Not to wait but Bait !
to grab the Master Key !

Kindly visit:
http://sarvajan.ambedkar.org
create email such as votebspelephant.forchange@gmail.com,
voteforbspelephantforchange@yahoo.com,voteforbspelephant.forcahng@in.com
and websites and bogs to project all the good and positive news of BSP from
www.upgov.nic.in and from Google news apart from talking to the voters as
suggested by Manyawar Kanshi Ram Ji that each one of you become the media to
propagate for BSPs success.

BSP is sure to cross 260 seats in the next Lok Sabha Elections, if all the
sarvajan Cadres work in the most scientific manner.

With the permission of professor  Dr. Suresh Mane Regional Director of BSP
I can send as many copies of his talented Cadre Study Camp DVDs.
One copy is already. with him.

As far as Karnataka is concerned Mr. Gopinath Ji’s Cadre Study Camp DVDs
are there in Kannada language.

Kindly exchange views of above subject for inspiring the voters

with kind regards

Jagatheesan Chandrasekharan


Uttar Pradesh plans public-private model for power distribution

Lucknow, Feb 6 (IANS) The public-private partnership
model will first be implemented in the power sector in Uttar Pradesh,
with an input-based franchisee system being proposed to be put in place
in nine cities by March-end.

This follows a decision taken by the state cabinet earlier this week.

‘Under the system, the state power corporation will sell power to
the franchisee, which in turn will be free to carry out the
distribution at a price prescribed by SERC (State Electricity
Regulatory Commission),’ the commission’s chairman Navneet Sehgal told
IANS.

‘Agra, Kanpur, Moradabad, Bareilly and Gorakhpur will be covered in
the first phase, while Varanasi, Meerut, Allahabad and Aligarh will
follow later,’ he said.

Maintaining that these cities incurred the most losses, Sehgal said: ‘The new system is expected to bring about a turnaround.’

With a view to expediting the process, SERC proposes to invite bids
next week. The contract will be awarded for 20 years, and bidders will
be required to submit a detailed proposal for the entire period.

Torrent Power, a key player in India’s power sector, is understood
to have evinced a keen interest in Kanpur, the biggest loss-maker.
Torrent already distributes power in Ahmedabad in Gujarat and Bhiwadi
in Rajasthan.

Asked whether the switchover to the new model would affect SERC
employees, Sehgal said employees would be given the option of
proceeding on deputation to the franchisee. ‘They will continue to
enjoy the same remuneration and perquisites they are entitled to now.’

No help from Centre for welfare projects: Mayawati

Lucknow (PTI): Uttar Pradesh Chief
Minister Mayawaton Wednesday accused the Congress-led UPA Government at
the Centre of not providing any help to the state for carrying out
developmental and welfare works. Mayawati said her government has been
carrying out such works with the limited resources of the state and
will continue to do so.

“Despite hurdles created by the
Congress-led UPA government the state would continue to carry on
welfare works for which the state government is totally committed,” she
said at a function here. Citing the earlier demands like a help of Rs
5,000 crores for reviving sick units at Amethi, Rae Bareli and
Jagdishpur and the Rs 80,000 croers package for drought-hit
Bundelkhand, the CM said the state has not received even a single
rupee.

The chief minister also motioned the
various schemes being implemented by her government and took a dig at
the previous Samajwadi Party government’s ambitious unemployment
allowance schemes, saying that instead of distributing the allowance
her government believed in providing permanent jobs. She claimed her
government has provided employment to five lakh youths and helped two
lakh in getting job in private sector.

On the occasion, the chief minister
also inaugurated ‘Mahamaya Garib Balika Ashirvad Yojna’ and ‘Savitribai
Phule Balika Shiksha Madad Yojna’.

Under Balika Ashirvad scheme, FDRs are
provided to girl child of BPL families born after January 15, 2009 of
an amount which grows to Rs one lakh at the time when she reaches the
age of 18, while ‘Shiksha Madad’ scheme provides Rs 15,000 and 10,000
for girls students of classes XI and XII.

Press Information Bureau
(Chief Minister Information Campus)
Information and Public Relations Department, U.P.

Important cabinet decisions

Lucknow : February 09, 2009

The cabinet meeting which was recently held through bycirculation

recently under the chairmanship of the Chief Minister Ms.
Mayawati took following decisions:-

Rates of tax on Gypsum, components of sprinkler sets and

seeds changed under VAT Act-2008
Gypsum and certified seeds fully exempted from VAT
The Uttar Pradesh Government has changed the Rates of tax on
Gypsum, components of sprinkler sets and seeds changed under VAT
Act-2008.

According to the Cabinet decision, the 4 per cent tax levied on

gypsum has been waived off. The tax being charged on the components
of the sprinkler sets viz. Q.R.C. Bend, Q.R.C. service saddle, spray
nozzle, Q.R.C.T., Q.R.C. pump connector and Q.R.C. and cap, has been
decreased to 4 per cent from 12.5 per cent. Likewise, the seeds have
also been exempted from tax.

Decision taken to exempt chemical fertilisers purchased by

Cooperative Societies within the State from sales tax
The Uttar Pradesh Government has decided to exempt chemical
fertilisers purchased by Cooperative Societies within the State from
sales tax under the VAT Act-2008.

According to the Cabinet decision, the selling of the chemical

fertilisers has been exempted from tax under some conditions. Under it,
those Cooperative societies would come which were registered under
U.P. Cooperative Societies Act-1965 and U.P. Cooperative Societies
Rules-1968 and such registered Cooperative societies which sell
chemical fertilisers and VAT was being paid on the maximum M.R.P.
Besides, the certificate of the remitted tax issued by the Commissioner
Trade Tax regarding the VAT should also be submitted. Under the new
system, such registered Cooperative Societies would also come, which
sell chemical fertilisers on the rates fixed by the Government within the
State.

Notification of Uttar Pradesh Rozgar Guarantee Complaint

Redressal System Rules-2009 approved

The Cabinet has approved the proposed notification of Uttar

Pradesh Rozgar Guarantee Complaint Redressal System Rules-2009.
According to the decision of the Cabinet, the notification has been
approved under the Section-32 of the National Employment Guarantee
Act-2005. Under it, the provision of effective implementation of National
Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS) has been ensured. For
the effective implementation of this scheme, the State Government can
formulate rules for the disposal of complaint letters at Kshetra

Panchayat, Zila Panchayat and other levels.

For the disposal of complaints received under the scheme, the
Uttar Pradesh Rozgar Guarantee Complaint Redressal System Rules-
2009 would be formulated under the National Rural Employment
Guarantee Act (NREGA). According to the sub-section-1 of the section-
32 of the Act, the format of the rules would be published to inform all
the related persons and to invite their objections and suggestions.
Thereafter, after disposing of all the objections and suggestions, the
rules would be notified.
*******

comments (0)
02/04/09
04-02-2009-LESSON-2-VOTE BSP ELEPHANT FOR CHANGE-FOR SELF RESPECT! GET A VOTE AND A NOTE! FOR BSP! DONT WAIT BUT BAIT! TO GRAB THE MASTER KEY! -Make me PM Write Down on the Wall was Dr. Ambedkar’s Sign ! Two Thousand Nine ! Will Be Mine ! - Says Ms Mayawati Bahen ! Now is all that you have! By voting for BSP, the Nation you save! 2008 Bahen Mayawati the UttarPradesh Chief Minister ! Map of the Maurya Empire under Ashoka’s rule. 2009 Prabuddha Bharatha Matha the Prime Minister ! C.M. orders suspension of SHO and Dy. SP and dismissal of SI for misbehaving with minor girl in Etawah-Centre yet to make available Rs. 1,300 crore under NREGA : Chief Minister CM asks Centre to immediately release remaining amount CM criticises discriminatory attitude of Central Government CM’s letter to Prime Minister in this connection-Where will the Muslim vote go in Uttar Pradesh?-BSP leader Mayawati might have the last laugh- BSP to field more Muslims in LS polls-Maudood Madani joins BSP, to contest Lok Sabha from Amroha-SP, Kalyan friendship upsets UP poll calculations-Afzal dares SP for triumph in Ghazipur, neihbouring seats -MAYAWATI’S REGIME IS A RAJ OF JUSTICE, NOT GOONDA RAJ:-Photo electoral rolls of 197 constituencies ready -Most parties want short duration election process-Martin Luther King: “I am an Untouchable”-
Filed under: General
Posted by: site admin @ 1:41 am

04-02-2009-LESSON-2




Press Information Bureau
(C.M. Information Campus)
Information and Public Relations Department U.P.

C.M. orders suspension of SHO and Dy. SP and
dismissal of SI for misbehaving with minor girl in Etawah

DGP to probe Etawah incident
Killing of two traders in state capital :
in-charge Sarojininagar suspended

Lucknow : January 03, 2009

Taking serious note of misbehaviour with a minor girl that took
place under Jaswantnagar police station in Etawah district, the Uttar
Pradesh Chief Minister Ms. Mayawati ordered dismissal of subinspector
(SI) Shyam Lal Yadav. Besides, she also ordered suspension
of the concerning SHO and Dy. SP. Asking the Director General of
Police (DGP) to probe the incident, she directed him to submit report
within three days so that effective action could be ensured in this case.
The Chief Minister also ordered suspension of in-charge of
Sarojininagar, Lucknow for showing laxity in the killing incident of two
traders in the state capital.
Talking to the media persons at her official residence, the Chief
Minister here today said that the State Government had taken this
incident very seriously. She said that the Police Department had been
directed to ensure that such incidents were not repeated in future.
Ms. Mayawati said that the accused of the trader’s killing would
be arrested at the earliest and tough action would be initiated against
them. She said that those trying to disturb the law and order would
not be spared.
———–

Centre yet to make available Rs. 1,300 crore
under NREGA : Chief Minister

CM asks Centre to immediately
release remaining amount

CM criticises discriminatory attitude of Central Government
CM’s letter to Prime Minister in this connection

Lucknow : February 03, 2009

The Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Ms. Mayawati said that an
amount of Rs. 1,300 crore out of Rs. 4,400 crore allocated to the
State under the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
(NREGA) had not as yet being made available during this financial
year, which was drawing to a close. She said that a letter in this
connection had been written by her to the Prime Minister Dr.
Manmohan Singh. She has requested to the Centre to release this
amount to the State Government immediately. She said that State
Government was facing several difficulties in providing
employment to poor people residing in villages in absence of this
amount.
The Chief Minister while talking to media representatives at
her official residence today said that she had written letter to
Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh on January 18, 2009 in this
connection. She said that and Central Government was not
releasing the amount under NREGA scheme, despite several
requests made by the State Government in this connection.
Centre was making discrimination in this matter, she alleged.
Ms. Mayawati has again requested to Central Government to
release the remaining amount through media. She said that
Central Government should at least rise above from political
malice towards the State and should not discriminate on the
scheme such as NREGA formulated for poor people of the country.
She said that poor people of the State was suffering on account of
such discriminatory attitude of the Centre, which was not proper.
——–
Where will the Muslim vote go in Uttar Pradesh?

The Kalyan Singh and Mulayam Singh
Yadav alliance in Uttar Pradesh, has angered the minority community as
they feel cheated by the SP leader. But amidst all, BSP leader Mayawati
might have the last laugh.

AS THE politicians worldwide have already said that
there are no permanent friends and enemies in politics, the political
patch-up and friendship that blossomed recently between the two former
chief ministers in Uttar Pradesh, namely Kalyan Singh and Mulayam Singh
Yadav, has upset the minorities not only in the state but across the
nation.

The Muslims see Kalyan Singh
as their enemy who was instrumental in demolishing the disputed
structure at Ayodhya in 1992, and also they don’t like him for the
highly communal speeches that he made from different political
platforms in Uttar Pradesh. And now when he has shifted his loyalty
from the Bharatiya Janta Party (BJP) to the Samajwadi Party (SP) leader
Mulayam Singh Yadav, it has angered both the communities. Muslims are
angry with Yadav for letting the man come into the SP fold whom they
hold responsible for demolishing the ‘Babri Masjid’ and the Hindu
followers of Singh are angry with him for joining SP, as they see
Mulayam Singh Yadav as the killer and murderer of several ’Kar Sewaks’
who were killed during his tenure in the firing incident that witnessed
country wide riots as an aftermath of this incident.

The
biggest puzzle is in front of the members of minority community who
feel that they have been cheated and be fooled for years by these
politicians who did nothing for the welfare of the community except
keeping them under the tag of ‘minority’ in order to please them
without taking any concrete action or formulating any policy for the
family members of Muslims, which could have benefited them in real.
They are in a dilemma on the question of whom to vote and for what
reasons? Is there any plan, any programme or policy in any political
party’s manifesto which can be relied anymore for obvious reasons?

The
induction of Kalyan Singh into the Samajwadi Party has also irked many
SP legislators (MLA and MP). Not only this, the United Progressive
Alliance (UPA) (the Congress and even their allies) are also not able
to find a way out, as they have been in a fix over the arrival of Singh
and many of the allies. RJD leader Lalu Prasad Yadav has openly said he
would not go with Singh. Congress senior leader Digvijay Singh has also
asserted that he would not share the stage with the SP leaders if Singh
was there.

Every party fears of losing a considerable chunk of
votes from the minority community if they go along with Singh. All this
has made the choice for electing a party difficult for the Muslims who
have started raising their voice of forming their own political party,
which can help them and can fight for their cause.

The
political confluence of the UPA with the Samajwadi Party and then
joining of Kalyan Singh in their stream has made a new ‘triveni’, which
is not liked by many and in which the members of Bahujan Samaj Party
(BSP) would have the last laugh. BSP leader Mayawati would only be the
gainer as the members of minority community have more than one reason
to repose trust in Behenji. Muslims tried the Congress for more than 40
years and then Mulayam Singh Yadav too stabbed them in the back by
joining his hands first with the Congress and then by shaking hands
with Kalyan Singh. Now the Muslims have the option of only the BSP to
choose and elect from. Political analysts too feel that it would be the
BSP, which will gain from the current electoral alliances that have
emerged on the scene.

BSP to field more Muslims in LS polls

With the renewed friendship
between the Samajwadi Party and Kalyan Singh not going down well with a
section of Muslims, the ruling Bahujan Samaj Party in Uttar Pradesh has
decided to cash in on the situation and field at least 25 per cent
candidates from the minority community in the forthcoming Lok Sabha
polls.

At a recent meeting of senior party leaders, it was
decided to increase the number of Muslim candidates, especially in the
light of political equations emerging after Kalyan’s pact with Mulayam,
a senior BSP leader claimed.

As per the plan, the party is
contemplating to change its candidates in 5-10 per cent seats, sources
said, adding that senior party leader and Cabinet minister Naseemuddin
Siddiqui had been entrusted with the task of mobilising the community
leaders in the BSP’s favour.

The leader said that the idea is to
field at least 25 per cent Muslim candidates that it at 20 places out
of 80 Lok Sabha seats in Uttar Pradesh.

They said that party
supremo Mayawati is of the view that Mulayam’s bonhomie with Kalyan
would “dent” its traditional vote bank. Besides, the BSP expects
differences between SP and Congress, who were discussing a possible
coalition before Kalyan episode, would also crop up.

Earlier,
the party announced Muslim candidates on nearly 18 seats, however,
couple of them like Kazim Ali aka Naved Miyan, who is son of senior
Congress leader and former MP Noorbano, were replaced later on.

Muslim
candidates on 15-16 seats are almost final and talks with prominent
leaders in remaining four-five seats is in the final stages, sources
claimed, adding the selection process was likely to be wrapped up in
the next couple of days.

Maudood Madani joins BSP, to contest Lok Sabha from Amroha

Mumbai: In an attempt to bring Muslim clerics into party fold and
strengthen its grip of the community ahead of the general elections BSP
supremo and Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Mayawati has nominated Maulana
Maudood Madani, leader of Jamiat Ulama-I-Hind and son of late Maulana
Asad Madani as the party candidate form Amroha Lok Sabha constituency
in western Uttar Pradesh.

In the party workers meeting recently, Mayawati announced that
Madani, brother of MP and Jamiat leader Maulana Mahmood Madani, would
contest the Lok Sabha elections from Amroha. She said that that the
party is in need of his service. Maudood Madani has recently joined the
BSP.

When contacted, Maulana Maudood Madani told TwoCircles.net that he joined BSP seeing the broader benefit of the Muslims and other backward communities.

“India has a cosmopolitan society in which people from different
religions and caste reside. Unfortunately, Muslims have been victims of
discrimination and backwardness in the country and so are the Dalits.
There is an urgent need of strong collaboration of both the communities
that are ignored and subjugated. Bahujan Samaj Party is such a platform
where the collaboration can easily take place, therefore I have joined
it,” Madani told TCN.

Asked why he did not join other political parties like SP or
Congress he said that he had always been opposing SP and now it has
included Kalyan Singh in its fold and as far as the Congress is
concerned it does not have any hold in UP and Bihar; so needless to
think of joining it.

Making it clear that his decision to join BSP was personal and any
organization had nothing to do with it, he said, “According to the
constitution of Jamiat Ulama any member of it is free to join any
secular and non-communal party and serve the nation. The decision I
have taken is completely personal.”

Maudood Madani added, “Mayawati has promised a lot to Muslims;
seeing the benefit of the community I have joined it. If it does not
fulfill its promise an alternative may be thought of. But I think that
Mayawati will surely stand by her promise as she did in the past.”

It is noteworthy that in western Uttar Pradesh Jamiat Ulama has
great influence and in past the then general secretary of the
organization Maulana Hifzur Rahman had been Lok Sabha member from
Amroha in 1957 and 1962.

Home

SP, Kalyan friendship upsets UP poll calculations

Tue-Feb 03, 2009

Aligarh / Press Trust of India

Former chief
minister Kalyan Singh’s newly-formed friendship with the Samajwadi
Party has upset the prevailing caste and community-based electoral
calculations in Uttar Pradesh.

While the alliance might help the
SP’s attempts to consolidate its hold on the OBC vote bank, it has
upset Muslims, who, by and large, have been supporting the party for
nearly two decades.

A cross-section of Muslims in this
university town feel that despite the passage of 16 years, few have
forgotten Kalyan Singh’s role in Babri Masjid’s demolition.

Interestingly,
some Muslims had found it easier to accept Mulyam’s support to Kalyan
when the latter had left the BJP for the first time a few years back.

“It
would have been understandable had Kalyan Singh apologised for his role
in Babri Masjid’s demolition before Mulayam Singh accepted his
friendship,” said Mufti Mohammad Zahid Khan, Head of the Sunni Theology
Department at AMU.

The Mufti is a known supporter of the SP and his discomfort with this newly-formed alliance is quite understandable.

Already,
alarm bells are ringing for the Samajwadi Party, as Uttar Pradesh Chief
Minister and Bahujan Samaj Party supremo Mayawati, smelling an
opportunity, has started sending feelers to prominent Muslim leaders in
the SP.

Speculation is rife that the BSP is planning to make
some last minute changes in its list of candidates for the Lok Sabha
polls by giving tickets to prominent minority leaders in Muslim
dominated constituencies.

“Till a few days back it had
appeared that the Congress-Samajwadi Party alliance would bag almost 90
percent of the Muslim vote in Uttar Pradesh but now it is hard to
predict what will happen three months down the line,” President of
Muslim Millat Bedari Committee, Jasim Mohammad told PTI.

He
points out that what has hurt the Muslim community most is not just the
entry of Kalyan Singh into the SP fold, but the blatant manner in which
some senior party leaders are vying with each other “to give a clean
chit to Kalyan Singh for his role in Babri Masjid’s demolition and the
blood bath which followed.”

“The failure of the SP supremo to
demand an apology from Kalyan Singh for his role in Babri Masjid’s
demolition is a political betrayal of his friendship with Muslims,”
Saleem Akhtar, President of the AMU Teachers Association said.

Former
Secretary of AMU Teachers’ Association, however, summed up the
situation to say “It is true that Muslims are rattled by Kalyan Singh
joining hands with SP. However, as polls draw near, people will realise
that the only choice before them is a BJP-led NDA or a Congress-led
UPA.”

Meanwhile, the Bahujan Samaj Party has already organised a
Muslim convention in Allahabad and even Samajwadi Party MP from Budaun,
Salim Sherwani, has dubbed the convention in which senior Uttar Pradesh
minister and BSP leader Naseemuddin Siddiqui took part as “very
successful.”

Siddiqui recently hit out at Mulayam Singh and termed Kalyan’s joining hands with SP a cruel joke for the Muslim community.

Right Way to See Chennai


Afzal dares SP for triumph in Ghazipur, neihbouring seats

By chennaivision at 2 February, 2009, 6:42 pm

Ghazipur,
Afzal Ansari, the suspended Samajwadi Party MP, who yesterday joined
the ruling Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), today challenged his former party
to gain victory from here or its nearby parliamentary seat in the
coming Lok Sabha election.

Addressing nespersons here, from where he has been declared the BSP
candidate at the hustings, Afzal said the SP should stop dreaming about
its win from this or Varanasi parliamentary seat.

Charging the SP with getting strayed from its objectives, Afzal
said, ”now, it is more attached to the film world and Mumbai.” He also
dared the SP to suspend his elder brother and Mohammadabad MLA
Sabattullah from the party on having courage.

Afzal further denied his involvement into the BJP MLA Krishnanad
Rai’s killing and said he was framed into the case. Afzal was accused,
along with his brother Muktar, in the infamous Krishnanand Rai murder
case in 2005.

Muktar, an independant MLA from Mau, is still incarcerated in Agra,
while Afzal was bailed out by the Allahabad High Court last month.

Yesterday, Afzal had joined the BSP and was administered oath by BSP Convenor Tribhuvan Dutt at a degree college near Ghazipur.

Afzal had expressed full faith in the policies of the ruling party and had also carried out a road show here.

The SP had charged him with violating the whip of the party during the Vote of Confidence in July and suspended him.

Afzal had also won the last election from Ghazipur parliamentary seat.


Congress using Paswan to divide Aboriginal Inhabitants of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath(SC/STs) votes: Mayawati

News
Bureau - News4u : New Delhi, Jan 31: Ahead of the Lok Sabha elections,
Bahujan Samaj Party chief Mayawati on Saturday accused the Congress of
dividing Aboriginal, Inhabitants of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath (SC/STs)votes by using Lok Janshakti Party leader Ram Vilas
Paswan.

“In an effort to wean away Aboriginal, Inhabitants of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath (SC/STs) voters
from BSP, Congress is using Ram Vilas Paswan to bring the various Aboriginal, Inhabitants of Jambudvipa, that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath (SC/STs) organisations on one platform,” the Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister said
addressing a closed door one-day convention of BSP’s Delhi unit where
the media was kept away.

She cautioned the BSP cadres against the “dubious tactics” of Congress.

Mayawati claimed that opposition parties, “especially BJP and
Congress” used all possible means to “mentally torture” Dr B R
Ambedkar, BSP founder Kanshi Ram and herself.

“They accused Kanshi Ram of being a CIA agent,” she said adding that
raids were carried out at the residences of her parents in the presence
of the media.

She said it was essential for workers to understand the principles
and policies of BSP to carry out an effective election campaign,
according to a party statement issued here.

According to sources aware of the proceedings, Mayawati also said
discussion on issues like possible pre-poll electoral alliances was “a
waste of time” for the workers.

She asked the workers to ensure victory of all the party candidates and warned the cadre against internal bickering, they said.

The BSP has so far announced three candidates from Delhi for Lok Sabha elections.

While BSP has no representation in the Lok Sabha from Delhi, two of
its candidates made to the Delhi Legislative Assembly during the recent
elections.


Mayawati

Posted on January 02, 2008

MAYAWATI’S REGIME
IS A RAJ OF JUSTICE, NOT GOONDA RAJ:

Vancouver:- Arrest
of BSP MLA Tewari for his involvement of Killing an engineer proves
that UP Chief Minister Ms. Mayawati is a person of integrity and we
commend her for taking not only the appropriate action, but doing so in
a timely manner, said Bill Basra, president of Shri Guru Ravidass Sabha
(Vancouver).  
 
Was it fallout of dispute between fellow
engineers, or the engineer was killed for not giving funds for Ms.
Mayawati’s birthday bash, will remail unknown- at least for now or
until it comes out during the trial. 
 
What is important is that as soon as Ms. Mayawati learned of Tewari’s
involvement in the killing of a civil servant, she took the appropriate
actions and suspended MLA Tewari from her party and handed him over to
the authorities.   This is one of the rare incidents when the head of
the state took immediate action against one her MLA’s, perhaps unlike
what has been seen in other parts of India.
 
Mayawati has reaffirmed that her regime is a Raj of Justice, not Goonda Raj as has been the case under other regimes. 
 
 
All the best to Ms. Mayawati for restoring confidence in democracy and that too, in face of all odds. 

Photo electoral rolls of 197 constituencies ready

Special Correspondent

BANGALORE: The photo electoral rolls of 197 out of the 224 Assembly
constituencies in the State have been prepared and uploaded on the
official website of the Chief Electoral Officer of Karnataka.

Addressing presspersons here on Monday, Chief Electoral Officer M.N.
Vidyashankar said the preparation of photo electoral rolls of the
remaining 27 Assembly constituencieswill be completed by February 10.
The 27 Assembly constituencies where photo electoral rolls are yet to
be completed include the 21 constituencies in Bruhat Bangalore
Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) limits, besides three in Bangalore Urban
district — Yelahanka, Byataranayapura and Bangalore South.

Also figuring in the list of constituencies, where the photo
electoral rolls are not yet prepared, are Gauribidanur and Sidlaghatta
in Chickaballapur district and Srirangapatna in Mandya district. Of a
total of 3.45 crore eligible voters in the 197 Assembly constituencies,
as many as 2.55 crore voters have been covered under the photo
electoral rolls. Thus, the Election Commission had covered 73.88 per
cent of voters under the drive.

“We have given a CD containing the photo electoral rolls of the 197
constituencies to major political parties and will upload it on the
official website of the Chief Electoral Officer of Karnataka on
http://ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in by Monday evening. A copy of the photo
electoral rolls will also be displayed at the designated places in the
respective constituencies,” he said.

Responding to queries, Mr. Vidyashankar called upon the voters to
check the photo electoral rolls as there was still scope for additions,
deletions and modifications.

The total strength of voters in the 224 Assembly constituencies in
the State is 4.11 crore at present, against the 3.84 crore voters
during the 2004 Lok Sabha polls.


(In the year 2000 population in the
age group 15 to 65 and over was 3.49192)


Most parties want short duration election process

In the first interaction between the
Election Commission and the political parties, as part of preparations for the
Lok Sabha elections, the party representatives wanted the EC to ensure a level
playing field for all; free and fair polls; and disallow money and muscle power
any role before or during the polling.

Interestingly, the Commission did not
give any hint about the probable poll dates. Commission had invited seven
recognised national parties and 40 regional parties to elicit their views on
holding the elections, All the seven national parties had sent their
representatives.

A press release issued by the
Commission, about the meeting that lasted nearly five hours, said the EC asked
the parties to strictly observe the model code of conduct in letter and in
spirit; avoid communal overtones while campaigning; curb corrupt practices and
malpractices of bribing of electors with money, liquor and gifts in various
forms; monitor and curb surrogate advertisements
.

Most parties wanted the shortest
possible duration for the whole election process, while taking into account
various national, State holidays, exam schedules and other sensitivities.
Single phase polling should be held in the States which had witnessed such
elections in the past. Many stressed the need to have Central police force
coverage in all places.

All the parties wanted Election
Committee, just like Parliamentary Committee representing all political parties
including Sarvajan members, like Upper Castes, Backward Castes and minorities,
instead of the present Election Commission. Scheduled Caste member must be made
as the Chief of the Election Committee.

Names of all the eligible voters must
and should be included in the voters list along with their photos before the
Lok Sabah election.

Source Code of the program used in
the chip of the Electronic Voting Machine must be published before the
election.


Current Population: 1,158,857,382


Martin
Luther King: “I am an Untouchable”

What is most touching is the
following anecdote that he recalls from a visit to a school for the (then so
called) “untouchables” (now called the Aboriginal Inhabitants of Jambudvipa,
that is, the Great Prabuddha Bharath (SC/STs)).

“I AM AN UNTOUCHABLE”

I remember when Mrs. King and I were
in India, we journeyed down
one afternoon to the southernmost part of India,
the state of Kerala, the city of Trivandrum.
That afternoon I was to speak in one of the schools, what we would call high
schools in our country, and it was a school attended by and large by students
who were the children of former untouchables ….

The principal introduced me and then
as he came to the conclusion of his introduction, he says, “Young people, I
would like to present to you a fellow untouchable from the United States of America.”

And for a moment I was a bit shocked
and peeved that I would be referred to as an untouchable ….

I started thinking about the fact:
twenty million of my brothers and sisters were still smothering in an airtight
cage of poverty in an affluent society. I started thinking about the fact:
these twenty million brothers and sisters were still by and large housed in
rat-infested, unendurable slums in the big cities of our nation, still
attending inadequate schools faced with improper recreational facilities.

And I said to myself, “Yes, I am an
untouchable, and every Negro in the United States of America is an
untouchable.”

comments (0)