Mahaparinibbana and Mahasatipatthana Suttas in90) Classical Sesotho-Seserbia ea boholo-holo,91) Classical Shona-Shona Shona,92) Classical Sindhi,93) Classical Sinhala-ā·āķļā·āķ·ā·ā·ā·āķš ā·ā·āķā·āķ―,
Happy to see work progressing for renovating Rohni Buddha Vihara. Wish all Buddhists Donate Liberally for the Good Cause.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One Let us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space.
Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
“Wonderfully Auspicious” is replete with great kindness.
Mother of enlightened ones throughout the three periods of time, his wisdom is beyond measure.
His left hand brandishes a sharp sword that severs all afflictions;
And his right hand holds the blue lotus which reflects the mark of his virtue.
A peacock and lion-spirit act as his carriage,
Poisonous dragons and fierce beasts are subdued and become pure and cool.
The pure youth with the five topknots, this is a provisional manifestation.
Originally, he is the happy treasury of the Thus Come One.
Homage to Manjushri Bodhisattva of Great Wisdom, who dwells in the golden world of Pure Cool Mountain.
Homage to Wonderful Auspicious Bodhisattva.
Manjushri
Bodhisattva’s name is explained as “Wonderful Virtue” or “Wonderfully
Auspicious.” He is foremost in wisdom and holds the highest rank among
the Bodhisattvas.
When
Manjushri Bodhisattva was born, ten auspicious signs manifested and
they represent the Ten Paramitas: giving, morality, patience, vigor,
concentration, wisdom, skill in means, vows, determination, and
knowledge.
*
Om A Ra Pa Sa Na Dih Praise to Manjushri Bodhisattva:”Wonderfully
Auspicious” is replete with great kindness.Mother of enlightened ones
throughout the thre…
Online
Free Prabuddha bahlalefi ba Convention ka mantsoe a tsosoa e ‘ngoe ka
boeena bakeng sa boiketlo, Thabo le Khotso Mekhatlo All le hore ba fihle
ka ho sa Feleng Bliss ka Pakane ea ho Qetela ka Maha + satipaáđáđhÄna-
teng ka temoho e ka hlokomela ea Kaya Karolo ka ÄnÄpÄna, postures,
sampajaÃąÃąa, repulsiveness, ho Elements, mabaka robong charnel, ea VedanÄ
le Citta
ebe
Malumeli, merabe, Castes le ho se ho lekalekane
O tla be a le sieo!
TIPITAKA
DN 22 - (D-ii 290)
MahÄsatipaáđáđhÄna Sutta
Ba bileng teng ka temoho e By Buddha
Maha + satipaáđáđhÄna
sutta ena e pharaletseng nkoa e le sa moo ho buuoang ka sehloohong ea ho thuisa mokhoa ona.
Selelekela
I. hlokomela ea Kaya
A. Karolo ka ÄnÄpÄna
B. Karolo ka postures
C. Karolo ka sampajaÃąÃąa
D. Karolo ka repulsiveness
E. Karolo ka Elements
F. Karolo ka lebaka robong charnel
II. Hlokomela ea VedanÄ
Selelekela
Ka tsela eo ba le ke ile ka utloa:
Ka
lekhetlo le leng, ho BhagavÄ neng a lula har’a Kurus ka KammÄsadhamma, e
leng motse ‘maraka oa Kurus. Ho na le, a ne a ngolla bhikkhus:
- Bhikkhus.
- Bhaddante araba bhikkhus. The BhagavÄ ile a re:
- This,
bhikkhus, e tseleng e isang ha ho letho le empa ho itlhoekisa ya
libÅpuoa,
ho kolongaka ha masoabi le lebaka la ho lla, ba nyamele
dukkha-domanassa, re fumana tsela e nepahetseng, ho phethahala ha
NibbÄna, ke ho re ho satipaáđáđhÄnas bane.
Eo a mane?
Mona, bhikkhus, e bhikkhu ahileng shebeletseng Kaya ka Kaya, ÄtÄpÄŦ
sampajÄno, satimÄ, kaha o tetse abhijjhÄ-domanassa ikutloeleng lefatÅĄe.
A
lulang ho boloka vedanÄ ka vedanÄ, ÄtÄpÄŦ sampajÄno, satimÄ, kaha o
tetse abhijjhÄ-domanassa ikutloeleng lefatÅĄe. A lulang ho boloka citta
ka citta, ÄtÄpÄŦ sampajÄno, satimÄ, kaha o tetse abhijjhÄ-domanassa
ikutloeleng lefatÅĄe. A lulang ho boloka dhamma · ’s ka dhamma · s, ÄtÄpÄŦ
sampajÄno, satimÄ, kaha o tetse abhijjhÄ-domanassa ikutloeleng lefatÅĄe.
I. KÄyÄnupassanÄ
A. Karolo ka ÄnÄpÄna
le
kamoo,
bhikkhus, ha e bhikkhu ho aha shebeletseng Kaya ka Kaya? Mona,
bhikkhus, e bhikkhu, kaha o le sieo ho moru kapa eka le sieo ka ba le
motso oa sefate kapa eka il’o kamoreng e se nang letho, lula fatÅĄe
phutha maoto crosswise, beha Kaya lokile, ‘me a behela sati parimukhaáđ.
Ho ba ka tsela eo Sato o phefumoloheng ka, ho ba ka tsela eo Sato o
phefumoloheng tsoa. Hema telele o utloisisa: ‘Ke hema telele’; ho hema
ntle nako e telele o utloisisa: ‘Ke hema ntle nako e telele’; hema
lekgutshwanyane o utloisisa: ‘Ke’ na hema lekgutshwanyane ‘; hema tsoa
lekgutshwanyane o utloisisa: ‘Ke hema tsoa lekgutshwanyane’; a koetlisa
ipolella ho re: ‘utloa Kaya, ke tla o hemang ka’; a koetlisa ipolella ho
re: ‘utloa Kaya kaofela, ke tla o hemang tsoa’; a koetlisa ipolella ho
re: ‘khutsisa fatÅĄe le Kaya-saáđ khÄras, ke tla o hemang ka’; a koetlisa
ipolella ho re: ‘khutsisa fatÅĄe le Kaya-saáđ khÄras, Ke tla hema tsoa’.
feela
e
le, bhikkhus, e Turner ea nang le tsebo kapa Apprentice e Turner o, a
etsa retelehelang ho nako e telele, o utloisisa: “Ke etsa hore e ba
retelehelang telele ‘; etsa e khutÅĄoanyane lehlakoreng le leng, o
utloisisa: “Ke etsa hore e khutÅĄoanyane ba retelehelang ‘; ka tsela e
tÅĄoanang, bhikkhus, e bhikkhu, ho hema ka nako e telele, o utloisisa:
‘Ke hema telele’; hema ntle nako e telele o utloisisa: ‘Ke hema ntle
nako e telele’; hema lekgutshwanyane o utloisisa: ‘Ke’ na hema
lekgutshwanyane ‘; hema tsoa lekgutshwanyane o utloisisa: ‘Ke hema tsoa
lekgutshwanyane’; a koetlisa ipolella ho re: ‘utloa Kaya kaofela, ke tla
o hemang ka’; a koetlisa ipolella ho re: ‘utloa Kaya kaofela, ke tla o
hemang tsoa’; a koetlisa ipolella ho re: ‘khutsisa fatÅĄe le
Kaya-saáđ khÄras, ke tla o hemang ka’; a koetlisa ipolella ho re:
‘khutsisa fatÅĄe le Kaya-saáđ khÄras, Ke tla hema tsoa’.
Ka tsela eo a lulang ho boloka Kaya ka Kaya lekgotleng,
kapa
a lulang ho boloka Kaya ka Kaya kwa, kapa a lulang ho boloka Kaya ka
Kaya lekgotleng le kwa; a lulang ho boloka samudaya ea liketsahalo tsa
ka Kaya, kapa a lulang ho boloka feta ‘ea liketsahalo tsa ka Kaya, kapa a
lulang ho boloka samudaya le feta’ ea liketsahalo tsa ka Kaya; kapa ho
seng joalo, [hlokomela:] “ena ke Kaya!” sati se teng ho eena, feela ho
isa tekanyong ea Nana feela le paáđissati feela tjee, a lulang ho
iphapanyetsa bona, ‘me ha e le khomarele letho lefatÅĄeng. Kahoo,
bhikkhus, e bhikkhu ahileng shebeletseng Kaya ka Kaya.
B. IriyÄpatha Pabba
Ho feta moo,
bhikkhus, e bhikkhu, ha ho tsamaea, o utloisisa: ‘Ke tsamaea’, kapa
ha le eme o utloisisa: “Ke eme ka ‘, kapa ha ba lutse a
utloisisa:
‘Ke lutse’, kapa ha a robetse o utloisisa: ‘Ke robetse’. Kapa ho seng
joalo, ka natswe hore ke efe boemo ba Kaya hae e ratang, o utloisisa
hore e loketseng.
C. Karolo ka sampajaÃąÃąa
Ho feta moo,
bhikkhus,
e bhikkhu, ha atamela ‘me ha ba tloha, sebetsang sebakeng sa hae le
sampajaÃąÃąa, ha batla pele’ me ha a ntse a batla ho pota, o nka khato ka
sampajaÃąÃąa, ha ba kobang le ha ikotlolla, o nka khato ka sampajaÃąÃąa, ha
apereng liaparo le seaparo sa ka holimo ‘me a ntse a nkile sekotlolo, o
nka khato ka sampajaÃąÃąa, ha a ntse a ja, ha ho noa, ha ho hlafuna
sethethefatsi, le hoja latsoa, ââo nka khato ka sampajaÃąÃąa, ha ho ea ho
tsa khoebo tsa defecating le rota, o nka khato ka sampajaÃąÃąa, ha ho
tsamaea, a ntse a eme, ha a ntse a lutse, ha robetse, ha a ntse a ho ba
le falimehile, ha ho bua le ha a ntse a ho ba khutsa, o nka khato ka
sampajaÃąÃąa.
Ka tsela eo a lulang ho boloka Kaya ka Kaya lekgotleng, kapa a
ahileng
shebeletseng Kaya ka Kaya kwa, kapa a lulang ho boloka Kaya ka Kaya
lekgotleng le kwa; O lula samudaya ea liketsahalo tsa liketsahalo tsa
liketsahalo tsa Phenomena ea KÄya, kapa o lula ho feta ha Peheya, kapa o
lula ho Phenomena ho KÄya ho KÄya ka KÄya ka Kr. Mang kapa mang, a
nahana ka:] “Sena ke KÄya!” Sati o teng ho eena, ho isa boholeng ba mpa
le ho isa Paáđistati, o lula a tÅĄohile, mme ha a khomarele letho
lefatÅĄeng. Kahoo, Bhikkhus, ngoana ea shebang Bihkhu a lula KÄya ho
KÄya.
D. Karolo ka Repulsiveness
Ho feta moo,
bhikkhus, e bhikkhu nahana ‘mele ona haholo, ho tloha bohatong ba
maoto
a ‘me a tloha moriri ka hlooho fatÅĄe, e leng e delimited ke letlalo la
eona le feletseng tsa mefuta e sa tÅĄoaneng ea litÅĄila: “Ka Kaya ena, ho
na le moriri oa hlooho, moriri oa’ mele oa, manala, meno, letlalo, nama ,
Feela
joalokaha haeba, bhikkhus, ho na le e ne e le mokotla le openings tse
peli ‘me ba tlatsa ka mefuta e sa tÅĄoaneng ea lijo-thollo, tse kang
leralleng-Paddy, Paddy, linaoa mung, khomo-dierekisi, dipeo tsa sesame,
le husked raese. Monna e mong ea nang le mahlo a se nang molemo, kaha
unfastened e, o ne a ela hloko [litaba tsa eona]: “Sena se
leralleng-Paddy, sena ke Paddy, tseo ke mung linaoa, tseo ke
khomo-dierekisi, tseo ke tsa sesame, dipeo le ena e husked raese;” ka e
tÅĄoanang tsela, bhikkhus, e bhikkhu nahana ena ‘mele haholo, ho tloha
bohato ba maoto a ka nyoloha’ me ho tloha moriri ka hlooho fatÅĄe,
eo e delimited ke letlalo la eona le feletseng tsa mefuta e sa tÅĄoaneng ea litÅĄila:
“Ka Kaya ena, ho na le moriri oa hlooho, moriri oa ‘mele,
Ka tsela eo a lulang ho boloka Kaya ka Kaya lekgotleng, kapa a
ahileng
shebeletseng Kaya ka Kaya kwa, kapa a lulang ho boloka Kaya ka Kaya
lekgotleng le kwa; O lula samudaya ea liketsahalo tsa liketsahalo tsa
liketsahalo tsa Phenomena ea KÄya, kapa o lula ho feta ha Peheya, kapa o
lula ho Phenomena ho KÄya ho KÄya ka KÄya ka Kr. Mang kapa mang, a
nahana ka:] “Sena ke KÄya!” sati e presentin eena, feela ho isa
tekanyong ea Nana feela le paáđissati feela tjee, a lulang ho
iphapanyetsa bona, ‘me ha e le khomarele letho lefatÅĄeng. Kahoo,
Bhikkhus, ngoana ea shebang Bihkhu a lula KÄya ho KÄya.
E. Karolo ka Elements
Ho feta moo,
bhikkhus, e bhikkhu bontÅĄa ka Kaya ena haholo, leha ho le joalo e beha,
Leha ho le joalo ho ke ke le tsekamelo: “Ka Kaya ena, ho na le ke elements lefatÅĄeng,
metsi elements, e elements mollo le elements moea. “
Feela
joalokaha, bhikkhus, e selakheng ea nang le tsebo kapa Apprentice e
selakheng e, kaha o bolaoa khomo, ba ne ba lula ka le mateano a litsela
ka seha e likoto; ka tsela e tÅĄoanang, bhikkhus, e bhikkhu bontÅĄa onthis
Kaya haholo, leha ho le joalo e beha, leha ho le joalo ke le tsekamelo:
“Ka thiskÄya, ho na le karolo ea lefatÅĄe, le elements metsi, le
elements mollo le elements moea.”
Ka tsela eo a lulang ho boloka Kaya ka Kaya lekgotleng, kapa a lulang ho boloka Kaya ka Kaya kwa, kapa a lulang
sheba
Kaya ka Kaya lekgotleng le kwa; O lula samudaya ea liketsahalo tsa
liketsahalo tsa liketsahalo tsa Phenomena ea KÄya, kapa o lula ho feta
ha Peheya, kapa o lula ho Phenomena ho KÄya ho KÄya ka KÄya ka Kr. Mang
kapa mang, a nahana ka:] “Sena ke KÄya!” sati se teng ho eena, feela ho
isa tekanyong ea Nana feela le paáđissati feela tjee, a lulang ho
iphapanyetsa bona, ‘me ha e le khomarele letho ka world.Thus a lulang ho
boloka Kaya ka Kaya;
(1)
Ho feta moo,
bhikkhus,
e bhikkhu, feela joalokaha eka o ne a ho bona setopo, tse entsoeng hang
ka fatÅĄe charnel, letsatsi le le leng bafu, kapa matsatsi a mabeli bafu
kapa matsatsi a mararo ba shoeleng, ho ruruha, type genus le festering,
o ile a nahana ka ena Kaya haholo: “Kaya Sena hape ke a tlhaho a joalo,
ho tla ba joaloka ena, ‘me ha se lokolohileng jwalo boemo. “
Kahoo
o lula KÄya ho KÄya ka hare ho KÄya ho KÄya ka ntle ho KÄya ho KÄya
Internaund le kantle; O lula samudaya ea liketsahalo tsa liketsahalo tsa
liketsahalo tsa Phenomena ea KÄya, kapa o lula ho feta ha Peheya, kapa o
lula ho Phenomena ho KÄya ho KÄya ka KÄya ka Kr. Mang kapa mang, a
nahana ka:] “Sena ke KÄya!” Sati o teng ho eena, ho isa boholeng ba mpa
le ho isa Paáđistati, o lula a tÅĄohile, mme ha a khomarele letho
lefatÅĄeng. Kahoo, Bhikkhus, ngoana ea shebang Bihkhu a lula KÄya ho
KÄya.
(2)
Ho feta moo,
bhikkhus,
e bhikkhu, feela joalokaha eka o ne a ho bona setopo, tse entsoeng hang
ka fatÅĄe charnel, e ntse e jeoa ke lla, e ntse e jeoa ke Hawks, e ntse e
jeoa ke manong, e ntse e jeoa ke likokolofitoe, a jeoa ke lintja, e
ntse e jeoa ke litau, linkoe, e ntse e jeoa ke panthers, e ntse e jeoa
ke mefuta e sa tÅĄoaneng ea libopuoa, o ile a nahana ka ena Kaya haholo:
“Kaya Sena hape ke a tlhaho a joalo, ho tla ba joaloka ena, ‘me ha se sa
lefelloeng boemong bo joalo.”
Kahoo
o lula KÄya ho KÄya ka hare ho KÄya ho KÄya ka ntle ho KÄya ho KÄya
Internaund le kantle; a lulang ho boloka samudaya ea liketsahalo tsa ka
Kaya, kapa a lulang ho boloka e ntse e feta hole ea liketsahalo tsa ka
Kaya, kapa a lulang ho boloka samudaya le
feta
‘ea liketsahalo tsa ka Kaya; Mang kapa mang, a nahana ka:] “Sena ke
KÄya!” Sati o teng ho eena, ho isa boholeng ba mpa le ho isa Paáđistati, o
lula a tÅĄohile, mme ha a khomarele letho lefatÅĄeng. Kahoo, Bhikkhus,
ngoana ea shebang Bihkhu a lula KÄya ho KÄya.
(3)
Ho
feta moo, bhikkhus, e bhikkhu, feela joalokaha eka o ne a ho bona
setopo, tse entsoeng hang ka fatÅĄe charnel, e squeleton le nama le mali,
e neng e tÅĄoaretsoe hammoho ke tendons, o ile a nahana ka ena Kaya
haholo: “Kaya Sena hape ke tsa e joalo tlhaho, e tlang ho ba joaloka
ena, ‘me ha se lokolohileng jwalo boemo. “
Ka tsela eo a lulang ho boloka Kaya ka Kaya lekgotleng, kapa a
ahileng
shebeletseng Kaya ka Kaya kwa, kapa a lulang ho boloka Kaya ka Kaya
lekgotleng le kwa; O lula samudaya ea liketsahalo tsa liketsahalo tsa
liketsahalo tsa Phenomena ea KÄya, kapa o lula ho feta ha Peheya, kapa o
lula ho Phenomena ho KÄya ho KÄya ka KÄya ka Kr. Mang kapa mang, a
nahana ka:] “Sena ke KÄya!” Sati o teng ho eena, ho isa boholeng ba mpa
le ho isa Paáđistati, o lula a tÅĄohile, mme ha a khomarele letho
lefatÅĄeng. Kahoo, Bhikkhus, ngoana ea shebang Bihkhu a lula KÄya ho
KÄya.
(4)
Ho feta moo,
bhikkhus,
e bhikkhu, feela joalokaha eka o ne a ho bona setopo, tse entsoeng hang
ka charnel fatÅĄe, e squeleton ntle nama le netile ka mali, e neng e
tÅĄoaretsoe hammoho ke tendons, o ile a nahana ka ena Kaya haholo: “Kaya
Sena hape ke tsa e joalo tlhaho, e tlang ho ba joaloka ena, ‘me ha se
lokolohileng jwalo boemo. “
Kahoo
o lula KÄya ho KÄya ka hare ho KÄya ho KÄya ka ntle ho KÄya ho KÄya
Internaund le kantle; O lula samudaya ea liketsahalo tsa liketsahalo tsa
liketsahalo tsa Phenomena ea KÄya, kapa o lula ho feta ha Peheya, kapa o
lula ho Phenomena ho KÄya ho KÄya ka KÄya ka Kr. Mang kapa mang, a
nahana ka:] “Sena ke KÄya!” Sati o teng ho eena, ho isa boholeng ba mpa
le ho isa Paáđistati, o lula a tÅĄohile, mme ha a khomarele letho
lefatÅĄeng. Kahoo, Bhikkhus, ngoana ea shebang Bihkhu a lula KÄya ho
KÄya.
(5)
Ho
feta moo, bhikkhus, e bhikkhu, feela joalokaha eka o ne a ho bona
setopo, tse entsoeng hang ka fatÅĄe charnel, e squeleton ntle nama e le
‘kapa mali, e neng e tÅĄoaretsoe hammoho ke tendons, o ile a nahana ka
ena Kaya haholo: “Kaya Sena hape ke tsa e joalo tlhaho, e tlang ho ba
joaloka ena, ‘me ha se lokolohileng jwalo boemo. “
Ka tsela eo a lulang ho boloka Kaya ka Kaya lekgotleng, kapa a
ahileng
shebeletseng Kaya ka Kaya kwa, kapa a lulang ho boloka Kaya ka Kaya
lekgotleng le kwa; O lula samudaya ea liketsahalo tsa liketsahalo tsa
liketsahalo tsa Phenomena ea KÄya, kapa o lula ho feta ha Peheya, kapa o
lula ho Phenomena ho KÄya ho KÄya ka KÄya ka Kr. Mang kapa mang, a
nahana ka:] “Sena ke KÄya!” Sati o teng ho eena, ho isa boholeng ba mpa
le ho isa Paáđistati, o lula a tÅĄohile, mme ha a khomarele letho
lefatÅĄeng. Kahoo, Bhikkhus, ngoana ea shebang Bihkhu a lula KÄya ho
KÄya.
(6)
Ho
feta moo, Bhikkheus, Bihkkhu, joalo ka ha a bona setopo, o ile a
hasanya fatÅĄe, moo lesapo la maoto, moo lesapo la shin Hona joale serope
ke lesapo la sefoko, moo sethala, mona, lesapo le mokokotlo, mona,
lesapo la meno, le moo, lesapo la meno, o na le kÄya e ngata haholo :
“Ena KÄya le eona e ea ba tlhaho e joalo, e tlo ba tjena, ‘me ha e
lokolloe ke boemo bo joalo.”
Kahoo
o lula KÄya ho KÄya ka hare ho KÄya ho KÄya ka ntle ho KÄya ho KÄya
Internaund le kantle; O lula samudaya ea liketsahalo tsa liketsahalo tsa
liketsahalo tsa Phenomena ea KÄya, kapa o lula ho feta ha Peheya, kapa o
lula ho Phenomena ho KÄya ho KÄya ka KÄya ka Kr. Mang kapa mang, a
nahana ka:] “Sena ke KÄya!” Sati o teng ho eena, ho isa boholeng ba mpa
le ho isa Paáđistati, o lula a tÅĄohile, mme ha a khomarele letho
lefatÅĄeng. Kahoo, Bhikkhus, ngoana ea shebang Bihkhu a lula KÄya ho
KÄya.
(7)
Ntle le moo, Bhikkheus, Bhikkhu, joalokaha eka o joalo
Ha a bona setopo, a lahla sebakeng sa charnel, o ile a nahana joalo ka sehlekehleke sena, ‘me ha se na taba ea hore a boemo. “
(
Ntle le moo, Bhikkheus, Bhikkhu, joalokaha eka o joalo
Ha
a bona setopo sa bona, a lahlela masapo a lilemo tse ngata, a tÅĄosa
sena: “Ena e tla ba joalo, ‘me ha e na taba ea hore e joalo boemo. “
Kahoo
o lula KÄya ho KÄya ka hare ho KÄya ho KÄya ka ntle ho KÄya ho KÄya
Internaund le kantle; O lula samudaya ea liketsahalo tsa liketsahalo tsa
liketsahalo tsa Phenomena ea KÄya, kapa o lula ho feta ha Peheya, kapa o
lula ho Phenomena ho KÄya ho KÄya ka KÄya ka Kr. Mang kapa mang, a
nahana ka:] “Sena ke KÄya!” Sati o teng ho eena, ho isa boholeng ba mpa,
Kahoo, Bhikkhus, ngoana ea shebang Bihkhu a lula KÄya ho KÄya.
(9)
Ntle le moo, Bhikkheus, Bhikkhu, joalokaha eka o joalo
Ha
a bona setopo sa bona, a ahlamisa sebakeng sa chankaneng, o ile a
fokotsoa ke phofo, ‘me e tla ba ea kang ena,’ me ha e na ho tsoa boemong
bo joalo, ‘me ha e lokolohe boemong bo joalo . “
Kahoo
o lula KÄya ho KÄya ka hare ho KÄya ho KÄya ka ntle ho KÄya ho KÄya
Internaund le kantle; O lula samudaya ea liketsahalo tsa liketsahalo tsa
liketsahalo tsa Phenomena ea KÄya, kapa o lula ho feta ha Peheya, kapa o
lula ho Phenomena ho KÄya ho KÄya ka KÄya ka Kr. Mang kapa mang, a
nahana ka:] “Sena ke KÄya!” Sati o teng ho eena, ho isa boholeng ba mpa
le ho isa Paáđistati, o lula a tÅĄohile, mme ha a khomarele letho
lefatÅĄeng. Kahoo, Bhikkhus, ngoana ea shebang Bihkhu a lula KÄya ho
KÄya.
II. Ho shebella ha vevena
Ho feta moo, Bhikkhus, sebaka sa toropo ea Bhikkheu se ntse se shebile vevena ztanÄ?
Mona,
Bhikkhus, bhkkhu, a ntse a hlaheloa ke SukhanÄ, e phahamisa: “Ke
thulana le Sukhaka”; Ho ba le dukkha Vetna VevenÄ, Machabeng:
“Ke
ntse ke thulana le Dukkha VetchÄ”; Ho ba le AdukÄm-AsukhÄ VedanÄ, U:
“Ke ntse ke thulana Adukkham-AsukhÄ VedanÄ”; Ho ba le sukha vevena
VetanÄ SÄmashe, Mahlohonolo: “Ke thulana le SukhanÄ SÄma”; Ho ba le
Sukhatero nirÄmaISisa, lintlafatso:
“Ke
thulana la sukhatenro nrÄmaisa”; Ho thulana le Dukkha Vvenkha VanÄma,
Mahahamafashe U: “Ke thulana le Dukkha VevenÄ SÄma”; Ho ba le Dukkha
VetÄ NirÄma, Mahaha oa: “Ke thulana le Dukkha VevenÄ NirÄmaisa”; Bakuli
ba adukkham-adukhÄ iventha sÄma, ba makatsang: “Ke thulana le
Aduksham-AsukhÄ iventa”; Ho ba le Adukkham-AsukÄ nirÄmi nirÄma,
Mahahaha: “Ke thulana le Aduksham-NirÄmaisa”.
Kahoo oa lula ventanÄ ka li-vevenÄ in VvenÄ ka hare,
Kapa oa lula ventanÄ ka VedanÄ ka ntle kapa eo a lulang a e lula
o shebile vetanÄ in VetanÄ ka hare le kantle; oa lula
Ha
a bona Famidaya ea liketsahalo tsa liketsahalo tsa Vvedna, kapa o lula
Samdidana le tse fetang tsa liketsahalo tsa vevena. Ho seng joalo, ho
nahana ka:] “Sena ke VvenanÄ!” Sati o teng ho eena, ho isa boholeng ba
mpa le ho isa Paáđistati, o lula a tÅĄohile, mme ha a khomarele letho
lefatÅĄeng. Kahoo, Bhikkhus, ngoana ea lulang Bhikkheu o lula a shebile
vevenÄ ka vevenÄ.
III. Hlokomela ea Citta
Le ho feta moo, bhikkhus, kamoo ha e bhikkhu ho aha shebeletseng citta ka citta?
Mona, bhikkhus, e bhikkhu utloisisa citta le rÄga ka “citta le rÄga”,
kapa o utloisisa citta ntle rÄga ka “citta ntle rÄga”, kapa o utloisisa
citta le dosa ka “citta le dosa”, kapa o utloisisa citta ntle dosa jwalo
“citta ntle dosa”, kapa o utloisisa citta le moha moha ka “citta le
moha moha”, kapa o utloisisa citta ntle moha moha ka “citta ntle moha
moha”, kapa o utloisisa le citta bokellwang e le “citta bokellwang”,
kapa o utloisisa ka hasane citta e le “citta hasane”, kapa o utloisisa
le citta atolosoa e le “citta atolosoa”, kapa o utloisisa le citta
unexpanded e le “citta unexpanded”, kapa o utloisisa le citta
surpassable e le “citta surpassable”, kapa o utloisisa e citta
unsurpassable e le “citta unsurpassable”, kapa o utloisisa le citta
khobokellane e le “citta khobokellane”, kapa o utloisisa le citta
unconcentrated e le “citta unconcentrated”, kapa o utloisisa le citta
lokolotsoeng e le “citta lokolotsoeng”, kapa o utloisisa le citta
unliberated ka “unli e berated citta “.
Ka tsela eo a lulang ho boloka citta ka citta lekgotleng, kapa a lulang
ho boloka citta ka citta kwa, kapa a lulang ho boloka citta ka citta
lekgotleng le kwa; a lulang ho boloka samudaya ea liketsahalo tsa ka
citta, kapa a lulang ho boloka feta ‘ea liketsahalo tsa ka citta, kapa a
lulang ho boloka samudaya le feta’ ea liketsahalo tsa ka citta; kapa ho
seng joalo, [hlokomela:] “ena ke citta!” sati se teng ho eena, feela ho
isa tekanyong ea Nana feela le paáđissati feela tjee, a lulang ho
iphapanyetsa bona, ‘me ha e le khomarele letho lefatÅĄeng. Kahoo,
bhikkhus, e bhikkhu ahileng shebeletseng citta ka citta.
Iyi
Sutta inounza mirayiridzo yakapihwa naBuddha Buddha nekuda kwevateveri
mushure mekunge vaenda, izvo zvinoita kuti ive yakakosha mirairo yedu
mazuva ano.
Ini
ndichatsanangura hurukuro pamusoro peDhamma inonzi DhammÄdÄvaka, kana
achidaro, kana achizvida, kana ini, hapachina NaracchÄna-yoni, hapana
pettivisaya, aiwa Mazhinji mamiriro ekusafara, ane njodzi, enhamo, ini
ndiri sotÄpanna, nechisikigo chisina kubva kunyika kusuwa, zvimwe
zvekutongerwa Sambhi.
Uye chii, Änanda, is
Iyo
hurukuro iri paDhamma inonzi DhammÄdÄda, yakavezwa neiyo AleyasÄvaka,
kana achida kuzvida, kana ini, kuti: ‘ Unguniness, yenhamo, yenhamo, I.
AM SOTÄpanna, nemasikirwo akasununguka kubva kumatunhu enhamo, zvimwe
zvekutongerwa Sambhi?
Apa, Änanda, an iyayasÄvaka inopihwa naBuddhe AveccappasÄda:
Akapihwa dhamme aveccappasÄda:
Akapihwa saáđ ghe aveccappasÄda:
Akapihwa sÄŦla iyo inobvumirwa kuAriya,
This,
Änanda, ndiyo hurukuro paDhamma iyo inonzi DhammÄdÄvaka, kana ichidaro,
kana zvakadaro, ingazvidavirira: ‘Kwandino, hapana imwe
tiracchÄna-yoni, hapana pettivisaya , Hapasisina mamiriro ekusafara,
kwenjodzi, yenhamo, ini ndiri sotÄpanna, nemasikirwo emahara kubva
kumatunhu, zvimwe zvekutongerwa Sambhi.
SATO UNOFANIRA KUTI URI KUTI URI KUTI URI KUTI URI KUTI UYE SAMPAJÄsos. Uku ndiko kugoverwa kwedu kwauri.
Uye sei, Bhikkhus, is a bhikkhu sato? Apa, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu
Saka, bhikkhus, is a bhikkhu sato. Uye sei, Bikkhusi, is a bhikkhu sampajÄno? Pano, Bhikkhusi,
Saka,
bhikkhus, is a bhikkhu sampajÄno. SATO UNOFANIRA KUTI URI KUTI URI KUTI
URI KUTI URI KUTI UYE SAMPAJÄsos. Uku ndiko kugoverwa kwedu kwauri.
Saka anogara achiona KÄya muKÄya mukati, kana kuti anogara kuKÄya muKÄya kunze, kana kuti anogara
kucherechedza
KÄya muKÄya mukati uye kunze; Aigara samudaya ye phenomena muKÄya, kana
anogara achicherekedza kupfuura nePhenomena kuKÄya, kana anogara
samudaya uye achipfuura phenomena ku KÄya; kana zvimwe, [chaichozing:]
“Ichi chi KÄya!” Sati aripo maAri, kungori kusvika pamwero wegore ÃąÄáđa
uye mere paáđissati, iye anogara kune chero chinhu munyika.Iye anogara
pasi KÄya muKÄya;
Saka iye anogara achiona VedanÄ muVedanÄ mukati,
kana kuti anogara achiona VedanÄ muVedanÄ kunze, kana kuti anogara
Kuona VedanÄ muVedanÄ mukati uye kunze; anogara
Kuona
Sumodaya yePedanÄ, kana kuti anogara achicherekedza kupfuudza muVedanÄ,
kana anogara achiona Samudaya uye achipfuura Phenomena muVedanÄ; kana
zvimwe, [chaichozing:] “Izvi zvino VedanÄ!” Sati aripo maAri, kungori
kusvika pamwero wegore ÃąÄáđa uye mere Paáđissati, anogara akasungwa, uye
haanamatira chero chinhu munyika. Saka, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu dwell anoona
VedanÄ muVedanÄ.
III. Kuongorora kweCitta
Uyezve, Bhikkhusi, ko bhikkosha anowana sei anoona citta mu citta?
Apa, bhikkhu, a bhikkhu anonyatsonzwisisa citta neRÄga seRÄga “, kana
anonzwisisa citta asina” citta pasina chigunwe “, “Citta pasina Dosa”,
kana anonzwisisa Citta naMoha se “Citta naMoha”, kana anonzwisisa Citta
asina “citta asina kuunganidzwa”, Citta se “Citta yakapararira”, kana
anonzwisisa citta yakawedzerwa se “citta yakawedzerwa”, kana anonzwisisa
citta isingazivikanwe ” Citta isingatariswe se “chibvumirano
chisingaenzaniswi”, kana anonzwisisa citta fani “, kana anonzwisisa
citta” Anonzwisisa citta isina kufarirwa se “unli Citrated Citta “.
Saka anogara achiona citta muCitta mukati, kana kuti anogara kuchiona
Citta muCitta kunze, kana anogara achiona Citta muCitta mukati uye
kunze; Aigara samudaya ye phenomena muCitta, kana anogara achiona
kupfuudza kwechiitiko muCitta, kana anogara achiona Samudaya uye
achipfuura phenomena mu citta; Kana kuti zvimwe, [kuziva:] “Ichi
chiDitta!” Sati aripo maAri, kungori kusvika pamwero wegore ÃąÄáđa uye
mere Paáđissati, anogara akasungwa, uye haanamatira chero chinhu munyika.
Saka, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu rinogara kuchengeta citta mu citta.
Peaceful Music, Calming Buddha Music, Deep Sleep - Meditation Music for Positive Energy
Buddhist Music - Music Attracts Fortune
3.83K subscribers
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Overwhelme
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Overwhelme
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Nagarjuna’s “Precious Garland of the Middle Way” & Mahamayuri Permission- Day 3
Dalai Lama Archive
34.3K subscribers
The
second day of His Holiness the Dalai Lama’s three day teaching on
Nagarjuna’s “Precious Garland of the Middle Way” at the request of a
group from Taiwan at the Main Tibetan Temple in Dharamsala, HP, India on
October 5, 2019. On the third day His Holiness gives the Mahamayuri
Permission. His Holiness speaks in Tibetan with an English translation
available.
āĪēāĪūāĪēāĪāĨ āĪŠāĪāĪāĪ° āĪĩāĪūāĪēāĨ āĪāĪ° āĪāĨāĪ° Greedy Puncture Wali Comedy Video āĪđāĪŋāĪāĪĶāĨ āĪāĪđāĪūāĪĻāĪŋāĪŊ Hindi Kahaniya Comedy Video
MaJa Tv Hindi Stories
10.2M subscribers
āĪēāĪūāĪēāĪāĨ
āĪŠāĪāĪāĪ° āĪĩāĪūāĪēāĨ āĪāĪ° āĪāĨāĪ° Greedy Puncture Wali Comedy Video āĪđāĪŋāĪāĪĶāĨ āĪāĪđāĪūāĪĻāĪŋāĪŊ Hindi
Kahaniya Comedy Video. For More Stories To Watch Please Subscribe To
This Channel
āĪēāĪūāĪēāĪāĨ āĪŠāĪāĪāĪ° āĪĩāĪūāĪēāĨ āĪāĪ° āĪāĨāĪ° Greedy Puncture Wali Comedy Video āĪđāĪŋāĪāĪĶāĨ āĪāĪđāĪūāĪĻāĪŋāĪŊ Hindi Kahaniya Comedy Video
āĪēāĪūāĪēāĪāĨ
āĪŠāĪāĪāĪ° āĪĩāĪūāĪēāĨ āĪāĪ° āĪāĨāĪ° Greedy Puncture Wali Comedy Video āĪđāĪŋāĪāĪĶāĨ āĪāĪđāĪūāĪĻāĪŋāĪŊ Hindi
Kahaniya Comedy Video. For More Stories To Watch Please Subscribe To
This Channel…
The Attitude Of Fearlessness | Ajahn Brahm | 21-11-2008
Buddhist Society of Western Australia
164K subscribers
Fear
creates so much suffering and unnecessary problems in our lives, and
for many people a key aim is to overcome fear and experience a state of
fearlessness. Ajahn Brahm explains how it’s important to understand fear
and even to understand why we are addicted to fear.
The Attitude Of Fearlessness | Ajahn Brahm | 21-11-2008
Fear
creates so much suffering and unnecessary problems in our lives, and
for many people a key aim is to overcome fear and experience a state of
fearlessnes…
That number is constantly in flux, because weâre
learning more about the worldâs languages every day. And beyond that,
the languages themselves are in flux. Theyâre living and dynamic, spoken
by communities whose lives are shaped by our rapidly changing world.
This is a fragile time: Roughly 0% of languages are now endangered,
often with less than 1,000 speakers remaining. Meanwhile, just 23
languages account for more than half the worldâs population.
When
a just born baby is kept isolated without anyone communicating with the
baby, after a few days it will speak and human natural (Prakrit)
language known as
Classical Magahi Magadhi/
Classical Chandaso language
/
Magadhi Prakrit,
Classical Hela Basa (Hela Language),
Classical PÄáļ·i
which
are the same. Buddha spoke in Magadhi. All the 7111 languages and
dialects are off shoot of Classical Magahi Magadhi. Hence all of them
are Classical in nature (Prakrit) of Human Beings, just like all other
living speices have their own naturallanguages for communication. 116
languages are translated by https://translate.google.com
Happy to see work progressing for renovating Rohni Buddha Vihara. Wish all Buddhists Donate Liberally for the Good Cause.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One Let us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space.
Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Diving Deeper into Buddhism: Mapping the Buddhist Cosmos
Objective
Students
already familiar with Siddhartha Gautama, or Shakyamuni, the Historical
Buddha, will deepen their understanding of Buddhist beliefs and
artwork. They will analyze and interpret works of art that reveal how
people live around the world and what they value. They will identify how
works of art reflect times, places, cultures, and beliefs.
Essential Questions
What other stories are told in Buddhism beyond Shakyamuni, the Historical Buddha?
How were Buddhist beliefs transmitted between teachers and students?
How do works of art capture and communicate the development of Buddhist beliefs in China?
How has art inspired Buddhist believers and scholars throughout history?
Why did Buddhists create a symbolic map of the world, or cosmology?
America’s ‘untouchables’: the silent power of the caste system
We
cannot fully understand the current upheavals, or almost any turning
point in American history, without accounting for the human pyramid that
is encrypted into us all: the caste system. By Isabel Wilkerson
by Isabel Wilkerson
Tue 28 Jul 2020 06.00 BST
Last modified on Fri 4 Sep 2020 12.00 BST
In
the winter of 1959, after leading the Montgomery bus boycott that arose
from the arrest of Rosa Parks and before the trials and triumphs to
come, Martin Luther King Jr and his wife, Coretta, landed in Prabuddha
Bharat, at Palam Airport in New Delhiâ, to visit the land of Mohandas K
Gandhi, the father of nonviolent protest. They were covered in garlands
upon arrival, and King told reporters: âTo other countries, I may go as a
tourist, but to Prabuddha Bharat I come as a pilgrim.â
He
had long dreamed of going to Prabuddha Bharat, and they stayed an
entire month. King wanted to see for himself the place whose fight for
freedom from British rule had inspired his fight for justice in America.
He wanted to see the so-called âuntouchablesâ, the lowest caste in the
ancient Prabuddha Bharatian caste system, whom he had read about and
had sympathy for, but who had still been left behind after India gained
its independence the decade before.
TOPSHOT-US-POLITICS-RACE-UNREST TOPSHOT
- A demonstrator pauses in front of a wall displaying names of black
people who have been killed by police, across from the White House
during a peaceful protest against police brutality and the death of
George Floyd, on June 7, 2020 in Washington, DC. - On May 25, 2020,
Floyd, a 46-year-old black man suspected of passing a counterfeit $20
bill, died in Minneapolis after Derek Chauvin, a white police officer,
pressed his knee to Floyd’s neck for almost nine minutes. (Photo by
Olivier DOULIERY / AFP) (Photo by OLIVIER DOULIERY/AFP via Getty Images)
America’s ‘untouchables’: the silent power of the caste system â podcast
Read more
He
discovered that people in India had been following the trials of his
own oppressed people in the US, and knew of the bus boycott he had led.
Wherever he went, the people on the streets of Bombay and Delhi crowded
around him for an autograph. At one point in their trip, King and his
wife journeyed to the southern tip of the country, to the city of
Trivandrum in the state of Kerala, and visited with high-school students
whose families had been untouchables. The principal made the
introduction.
âYoung people,â he said, âI would like to present to you a fellow untouchable from the United States of America.â
King
was floored. He had not expected that term to be applied to him. He
was, in fact, put off by it at first. He had flown in from another
continent, and had dined with the prime minister. He did not see the
connection, did not see what the Prabuddha Bharatian caste system had to
do directly with him, did not immediately see why the lowest-caste
people in Prabuddha Bharat would view him, an American Negro and a
distinguished visitor, as low-caste like themselves, see him as one of
them. âFor a moment,â he later recalled, âI was a bit shocked and peeved
that I would be referred to as an untouchable.â
Then
he began to think about the reality of the lives of the people he was
fighting for â 20 million people, consigned to the lowest rank in the US
for centuries, âstill smothering in an airtight cage of poverty,â
quarantined in isolated ghettoes, exiled in their own country.
And
he said to himself: âYes, I am an untouchable, and every negro in the
United States of America is an untouchable.â In that moment, he realised
that the land of the free had imposed a caste system not unlike the
caste system of India, and that he had lived under that system all of
his life. It was what lay beneath the forces he was fighting in the US.
What Martin Luther King
Jr, recognised about his country that day had begun long before the
ancestors of our ancestors had taken their first breaths. More than a
century and a half before the American Revolution, a human hierarchy had
evolved on the contested soil of what would become the United States â a
concept of birthright, the temptation of entitled expansion that would
set in motion what has been called the worldâs oldest democracy and,
with it, a ranking of human value and usage.
It
would twist the minds of men, as greed and self-reverence eclipsed
human conscience and allowed the conquering men to take land and human
bodies that they convinced themselves they had a right to. If they were
to convert this wilderness and civilise it to their liking, they
decided, they would need to conquer, enslave or remove the people
already on it, and transport those they deemed lesser beings in order to
tame and work the land to extract the wealth that lay in the rich soil
and shorelines.
To justify their plans, they
took pre-existing notions of their own centrality, reinforced by their
self-interested interpretation of the Bible, and created a hierarchy of
who could do what, who could own what, who was on top and who was on the
bottom and who was in between. There emerged a ladder of humanity,
global in nature, as the upper-rung people would descend from Europe,
with rungs inside that designation â the English Protestants at the very
top, as their guns and resources would ultimately prevail in the bloody
fight for North America. Everyone else would rank in descending order,
on the basis of their proximity to those deemed most superior. The
ranking would continue downward until one arrived at the very bottom:
African captives transported in order to build the New World and to
serve the victors for all their days, one generation after the next, for
12 generations.
There developed a caste
system, based upon what people looked like â an internalised ranking,
unspoken, unnamed and unacknowledged by everyday citizens even as they
go about their lives adhering to it and acting upon it subconsciously,
to this day. Just as the studs and joists and beams that form the
infrastructure of a building are not visible to those who live in it, so
it is with caste. Its very invisibility is what gives it power and
longevity. And though it may move in and out of consciousness, though it
may flare and reassert itself in times of upheaval and recede in times
of relative calm, it is an ever-present through-line in the countryâs
operation.
A
caste system is an artificial construction, a fixed and embedded
ranking of human value that sets the presumed supremacy of one group
against the presumed inferiority of others, on the basis of ancestry and
often of immutable traits â traits that would be neutral in the
abstract, but are ascribed life-and-death meaning in a hierarchy
favouring the dominant caste whose forebears designed it. A caste system
uses rigid, often arbitrary boundaries to keep the ranked groupings
apart, distinct from one another and in their assigned places.
Across
time and culture, the caste systems of three very different countries
have stood out, each in their own way. The tragically accelerated,
chilling and officially vanquished caste system of Nazi Germany. The
lingering, millennia-long caste system of India. And the shape-shifting,
unspoken, race-based caste pyramid in the US. Each version relied on
stigmatising those deemed inferior in order to justify the
dehumanisation necessary to keep the lowest-ranked people at the bottom,
and to rationalise the protocols of enforcement. A caste system endures
because it is often justified as divine will, originating from a sacred
text or the presumed laws of nature, reinforced throughout the culture
and passed down through the generations.
As we
go about our daily lives, caste is the wordless usher in a darkened
theatre, the flashlight cast down the aisles, guiding us to our assigned
seats for a performance. The hierarchy of caste is not about feelings
or morality. It is about power: which groups have it and which do not.
It is about resources: which caste is seen as worthy of them, and which
are not; who gets to acquire and control them, and who does not. It is
about respect, authority and assumptions of competence: who is accorded
these, and who is not.
As a means of assigning
value to entire swaths of humankind, caste guides each of us, often
beyond the reaches of our awareness. It embeds into our bones an
unconscious ranking of human characteristics, and sets forth the rules,
expectations and stereotypes that have been used to justify brutalities
against entire groups within our species. In the American caste system,
the signal of rank is what we call race, the division of humans on the
basis of their appearance. In the US, race is the primary tool and the
visible decoy â the frontman â for caste.
Race
does the heavy lifting for a caste system that demands a means of human
division. If we have been trained to see humans in the language of
race, then caste is the underlying grammar that we encode as children,
as when learning our mother tongue. Caste, like grammar, becomes an
invisible guide not only to how we speak, but to how we process
information â the autonomic calculations that figure into a sentence
without our having to think about it. Many of us have never taken a
class in grammar, yet we know in our bones that a transitive verb takes
an object, that a subject needs a predicate, and we know without
thinking the difference between third-person singular and third-person
plural. We might mention âraceâ, referring to people as black or white
or Latino or Asian or indigenous, when what lies beneath each label is
centuries of history, and the assigning of assumptions and values to
physical features in a structure of human hierarchy.
What
people look like â or rather, the race they have been assigned, or are
perceived to belong to â is the visible cue to their caste. It is the
historic flashcard to the public, showing how people are to be treated,
where they are expected to live, what kinds of positions they are
expected to hold, whether they belong in this section of town or that
seat in a boardroom, whether they should be expected to speak with
authority on this or that subject, whether they will be administered
pain relief in a hospital, whether their neighbourhood is likely to
adjoin a toxic waste site or to have contaminated water flowing from
their taps, whether they are more or less likely to survive childbirth
in the most advanced nation in the world, whether they may be shot by
authorities with impunity.
Caste
and race are neither synonymous nor mutually exclusive. They can and do
coexist in the same culture, and serve to reinforce each other. Caste
is the bones, race the skin. Race is what we can see, the physical
traits that have been given arbitrary meaning and become shorthand for
who a person is. Caste is the powerful infrastructure that holds each
group in its place.
Caste
is fixed and rigid. Race is fluid and superficial, subject to periodic
redefinition to meet the needs of the dominant caste in what is now the
US. While the requirements to qualify as white have changed over the
centuries, the fact of a dominant caste has remained constant from its
inception â whoever fit the definition of white, at whatever point in
history, was granted the legal rights and privileges of the dominant
caste. Perhaps more critically and tragically, at the other end of the
ladder, the subordinated caste, too, has been fixed from the beginning
as the psychological floor beneath which all other castes cannot fall.
Caste
is not a term often applied to the US. It is considered the language of
India or feudal Europe. But some anthropologists and scholars of race
in the US have made use of the term for decades. Before the modern era,
one of the earliest Americans to take up the idea of caste was the
antebellum abolitionist and US senator Charles Sumner, as he fought
against segregation in the north. âThe separation of children in the
Public Schools of Boston, on account of color or race,â he wrote, âis in
the nature of Caste, and on this account is a violation of Equality.â
He quoted a fellow humanitarian: âCaste makes distinctions among
creatures where God has made none.â
We
cannot fully understand the current upheavals, or almost any turning
point in American history, without accounting for the human pyramid that
is encrypted into us all. The caste system, and the attempts to defend,
uphold or abolish the hierarchy, underlay the American civil war and
the civil rights movement a century later, and pervade the politics of
the 21st-century US. Just as DNA is the code of instructions for cell
development, caste has been the operating system for economic, political
and social interaction in the US since the time of its gestation.
In
1944, the Swedish social economist Gunnar Myrdal and a team of the most
talented researchers in the country produced a 2,800-page, two-volume
work that is still considered perhaps the most comprehensive study of
race in the US. It was titled An American Dilemma. Myrdalâs
investigation into race led him to the realisation that the most
accurate term to describe the workings of US society was not race, but
caste â and that perhaps it was the only term that really addressed what
seemed a stubbornly fixed ranking of human value.
The
anthropologist Ashley Montagu was among the first to argue that race is
a human invention â a social construct, not a biological one â and that
in seeking to understand the divisions and disparities in the US, we
have typically fallen into the quicksand and mythology of race. âWhen we
speak of âthe race problem in Americaâ,â he wrote in 1942, âwhat we
really mean is the caste system and the problems which that caste system
creates in America.â
There
was little confusion among some of the leading white supremacists of
the previous century as to the connections between Indiaâs caste system
and that of the American south, where the purest legal caste system in
the US existed. âA record of the desperate efforts of the conquering
upper classes in India to preserve the purity of their blood persists to
until this very day in their carefully regulated system of castes,â
wrote Madison Grant, a popular eugenicist, in his 1916 bestseller, The
Passing of the Great Race. âIn our Southern States, Jim Crow cars and
social discriminations have exactly the same purpose.â
In
1913, Bhimrao Ambedkar, a man born to the bottom of Indiaâs caste
system, born an untouchable in the central provinces, arrived in New
York City from Bombay. He came to the US to study economics as a
graduate student at Columbia, focused on the differences between race,
caste and class. Living just blocks from Harlem, he would see first-hand
the condition of his counterparts in the US. He completed his thesis
just as the film The Birth of a Nation â the incendiary homage to the
Confederate south â premiered in New York in 1915. He would study
further in London and return to India to become the foremost leader of
the untouchables, and a pre-eminent intellectual who would help draft a
new Indian constitution. He would work to dispense with the demeaning
term âuntouchableâ. He rejected the term Harijans, which had been
applied to them by Gandhi, to their minds patronisingly. He embraced the
term Dalits, meaning âbroken peopleâ â which, due to the caste system,
they were.
A statue of Bhimrao Ambedkar under a flyover in Amritsar, India.
A statue of Bhimrao Ambedkar under a flyover in Amritsar, India. Photograph: Narinder Nanu/AFP/Getty Images
It
is hard to know what effect his exposure to the American social order
had on him personally. But over the years, he paid close attention, as
did many Dalits, to the subordinate caste in the US. Indians had long
been aware of the plight of enslaved Africans, and of their descendants
in the US. Back in the 1870s, after the end of slavery and during the
brief window of black advancement known as Reconstruction, an Indian
social reformer named Jyotirao Phule found inspiration in the US
abolitionists. He expressed hope âthat my countrymen may take their
example as their guideâ.
Many
decades later, in the summer of 1946, acting on news that black
Americans were petitioning the United Nations for protection as
minorities, Ambedkar reached out to the best-known African American
intellectual of the day, WEB Du Bois. He told Du Bois that he had been a
âstudent of the Negro problemâ from across the oceans, and recognised
their common fates.
âThere
is so much similarity between the position of the Untouchables in India
and of the position of the Negroes in America,â Ambedkar wrote to Du
Bois, âthat the study of the latter is not only natural but necessary.â
Du
Bois wrote back to Ambedkar to say that he was, indeed, familiar with
him, and that he had âevery sympathy with the Untouchables of Indiaâ. It
had been Du Bois who seemed to have spoken for the marginalised in both
countries as he identified the double consciousness of their existence.
And it was Du Bois who, decades before, had invoked an Indian concept
in channelling the âbitter cryâ of his people in the US: âWhy did God
make me an outcast and a stranger in mine own house?â
I
began investigating the American caste system after nearly two decades
of examining the history of the Jim Crow south, the legal caste system
that grew out of enslavement and lasted into the early 70s, within the
lifespans of many present-day Americans. I discovered that I was not
writing about geography and relocation, but about the American caste
system â an artificial hierarchy in which most everything that you could
and could not do was based upon what you looked like, and which
manifested itself north and south. I had been writing about a
stigmatised people â 6 million of them â who were seeking freedom from
the caste system in the south, only to discover that the hierarchy
followed them wherever they went, much in the way that the shadow of
caste (as I would soon discover) follows Indians in their own global
diaspora.
The
American caste system began in the years after the arrival of the first
Africans to the Colony of Virginia in the summer of 1619, as the colony
sought to refine the distinctions of who could be enslaved for life and
who could not. Over time, colonial laws granted English and Irish
indentured servants greater privileges than the Africans who worked
alongside them, and the Europeans were fused into a new identity â that
of being categorised as white, the polar opposite of black. The
historian Kenneth M Stampp called this assigning of race a âcaste
system, which divided those whose appearance enabled them to claim pure
Caucasian ancestry from those whose appearance indicated that some or
all of their forebears were Negroesâ. Members of the Caucasian caste, as
he called it, âbelieved in âwhite supremacyâ, and maintained a high
degree of caste solidarity to secure itâ.
While
I was in the midst of my research, word of my inquiries spread to some
Indian scholars of caste based in the US. They invited me to speak at an
inaugural conference on caste and race at the University of
Massachusetts in Amherst, the town where WEB Du Bois was born and where
his papers are kept.
There,
I told the audience that I had written a 600-page book about the Jim
Crow era in the American south â the time of naked white supremacy â but
that the word âracismâ did not appear anywhere in the narrative. I told
them that, after spending 15 years studying the topic and hearing the
testimony of the survivors of the era, I had realised that the term was
insufficient. âCasteâ was the more accurate term, and I set out to them
the reasons why. They were both stunned and heartened. The plates of
Indian food kindly set before me at the reception thereafter sat cold
due to the press of questions and the sharing that went on into the
night.
At
a closing ceremony, the hosts presented to me a bronze-coloured bust of
the patron saint of the low-born of India, Bhimrao Ambedkar, the Dalit
leader who had written to Du Bois all those decades before.
It
felt like an initiation into a caste to which I had somehow always
belonged. Over and over, they shared stories of what they had endured,
and I responded in personal recognition, as if even to anticipate some
particular turn or outcome. To their astonishment, I began to be able to
tell who was high-born and who was low-born among the Indian people
there, not from what they looked like, as one might in the US, but on
the basis of the universal human response to hierarchy â in the case of
an upper-caste person, an inescapable certitude in bearing, demeanour,
behaviour and a visible expectation of centrality.
On
the way home, I was snapped back into my own world when airport
security flagged my suitcase for inspection. The TSA worker happened to
be an African American who looked to be in his early 20s. He strapped on
latex gloves to begin his work. He dug through my suitcase and
excavated a small box, unwrapped the folds of paper and held in his palm
the bust of Ambedkar that I had been given.
âThis
is what came up in the X-ray,â he said. It was heavy like a
paperweight. He turned it upside down and inspected it from all sides,
his gaze lingering at the bottom of it. He seemed concerned that
something might be inside.
People kneeling at a protest in Trafalgar Square, London, on 5 June 2020
What black America means to Europe
Read more
âIâll
have to swipe it,â he warned me. He came back after some time and
declared it OK, and I could continue with it on my journey. He looked at
the bespectacled face, with its receding hairline and steadfast
expression, and seemed to wonder why I would be carrying what looked
like a totem from another culture.
âSo who is this?â he asked.
âOh,â I said, âthis is the Martin Luther King of India.â
âPretty cool,â he said, satisfied now, and seeming a little proud.
He then wrapped Ambedkar back up as if he were King himself, and set him back gently into the suitcase.
Caste: The Lies That Divide Us is published by Allen Lane on 4 August
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As to the provision for separate settlements, it is the considered opinion of the Working Committee that :
The
existing village system has the effect of making the Scheduled Castes
in the villages slaves of the Caste Hindus . And if notwithstanding that
the Penal Code: does not recognize slavery, the Scheduled Castes in
every village all over India are in fact the slaves of the Hindus, it is
because of the village system.
Indeed, a more effective method of enforcing slavery upon the Untouchables could not have been devised.
The
existing village system under which everyone knows who is a touchable
and who is an Untouchable, has the effect of making Untouchability
permanent.
Indeed, a more effective method of making Untouchability permanent could not have been found. So
long as this village organisation remains unbroken, there can be no
doubt that the Scheduled Castes will continue to remain the
Untouchables, subject to the tyranny and oppression of the Caste Hindus
and will never be able to enjoy free, full and honourable life.
The
Working Committee has, after long and mature deliberation, come to the
conclusion that for the better protection of the Scheduled Castes from
the tyranny and oppression of the Caste Hindus, which may assume vast
magnitude under Swaraj , which is only another name for Hindu Raj , and
to enable the Scheduled Castes to develop to their fullest manhood, to
give them economic and social security, as also to pave the way for the
removal of Untouchability, radical change must be made in the village
system if the Scheduled Castes are to be freed from the ills from which
they are suffering for so many centuries at the hands of the Hindus.
- Babasaheb. Vol-17 (Part-2) P- 176 to 178. Good Morning. Jai Bhim. -Prof. Ranjith
Pointing
to the rape of a nine-year-old girl in Delhi recently, Bama says: âThe
government is incapable of delivering justice to numerous Aboriginal
SC/STs women and girls who continue to face violence and oppression, but
they want to stop those who document their fights. But if they think
that they can take us back to Varnaasrama period by erasing our voices,
they are wrong. I am sure people would want to know more about Sangati
now. Also, I firmly believe the young writers will continue our fight.â
The
Honourable CJI must take up such cases to see that CAPITAL Punishment
is accorded to the Offenders.And alo order the government to procure
Sewage Suction Truck to avoid humans entering manholes getting killed.
In
a statement, the chief minister said that the Delhi University should
stop âlooking at the works of Bama and Sukirtharani through political
and communal lens, and should include them back in the syllabusâ.
Congress MP Jothimani and CPI(M) leader S. Venkatesan have also demanded that the decision of the Delhi University be repealed.
Mere
Lip sympathy is not enough The Delhi CM is a Rowdy Swayam Sevak (RSS)
when he raised the voice against the fraud EVMs the votes were cast on
behalf of AAM party who symbol is BROOM STICK. The Central and State
Governments must buy sucktion trucks which are available in plenty to
see that manholes are cleared through them. Many Aboriginal SC/STs have
died, are dying and will continue to die if they are forced to enter
manholes and carrying night soil over their heads. Just 0.1% chitpavan
brahmin foreigners kicked out from Bene Israel, Tibet, Africk, Western
Europe, Western Germany, Eastern Europe, South Russia, Hungary and their
Bevakoof Jhoothe Psychopaths (BJP) headed by Mad murderer of democratic
institutions (Modi) wanted to retain their manusmriti only to commit
atrocities against SC/STs because of their intolerant, violent, number
one terrorism, ever shooting, mob lynching, lunatic, mentally retarded
hatred, anger, jealousy, delusion, stupidity attitude against 99.9%
Aboriginal societies which is awakened now .These mentally retarded
chitpavan brahmins require mental treatment in mental asylumsrequire
treatment in mental asylums.
The
Delhi Universityâs decision to remove certain works by two Tamil
writers, Sukirtharani and Bama â whose works on Aboriginal SC/STs women
and their struggles have been celebrated by literary world â has caused
uproar among sections of the progressive and intellegenstia in Tamil
Nadu and rest of Prabuddha Bharat.
Ms.
Sukirtharani, whose works Kaimaru (recompense) and En Udal (My Body)
speak about injustices faced by oppressed women, said that she was ânot
surprised at allâ by the decision taken by the University to omit her
works.
She
said: âI was not surprised at all. Aboriginal SC/STs voices such as
myself and Bamaâs are speaking for all oppressed women, not just
Aboriginal SC/STs women. Our works have been included in the college
syllabus of several states at an all-Prabuddha Bharat level. I donât see
this necessary as an exclusion of just Aboriginal SC/STs writers as we
have seen how progressive writers whose works speak against caste,
stealth and shadowy hindutva, fundamentalism have also been removed in
the recent past. These things will happen in our society, but we cannot
be ignored. Our works have been translated in several languages abroad
before it became familiar in Prabuddha Bharat [outside Tamil Nadu].â
The
writer felt that it was not correct on the part of Delhi University
administration to remove her works from the syllabus without formal
intimation.
âWe
should have been formally informed about why our works were removed. At
the same time, we should also appreciate those who decided to include
it in the first place. I am not going to seek an explanation. My work is
for the society, for all oppressed women. My work Kaimaaru is about
manual scavenging. We are sending human beings to space etc. but we
still allow manual scavenging to continue in our society. When they want
to project an image of Prabuddha Bharat wherein there are no caste and
religious inequalities, our works point out that caste and religious
inequalities exist in our society. So, it is obvious that they want such
works removed from the syllabus.â
Reacting
to Delhi Universityâs decision, Ms. Bama said that she was âmore angry
than upsetâ and said that the anger would be reflected in future works.
Stating
that she wasnât sure which of her works - Karukku and Sangati â have
been removed, Ms. Bama said, âKarukku and Sangati have been taught in
colleges in many States all over Prabuddha Bharat and abroad. Sangati
talks about life of Aboriginal SC/STs women who stood against caste
atrocities and discrimination, and it is about people who were very
brave amidst oppression and violence. Karukku is an autobiographical
work and talks about politics of Aboriginal SC/STs people. For more
than 25 years, it has been celebrated by students and many other people.
It is not just my work which has been removed - works of Kancha Ilaiah
and Mahaswetha Devi and Sukirthiraniâs - have also been removed,â she
said. [The DU had removed Sangati.]
DUâs move is part of erasure, say writers Sukirtharani and Bama say their work speaks for the oppressed.
For
more than 2000 years, we have been segregated, our histories have not
been written. This government is trying to strangulate our voices, but
we will shout. Bama, writer
She
added, âFor more than 2,000 years, we have been segregated, our
histories have not been written. This government is trying to
strangulate our voices, but we will shout. The youth of this nation have
understood [what is happening]. Rather than being upset, we are angry.
The anger will reflect in our works in future.â
âWho Is Afraid of Womenâs Voices?â Ask Tamil Aboriginal SC/STs Writers After DU Drops Them from Syllabus
âBoth
Bama and Sukirtharani have consistently written on the rights of women,
liberation of the oppressed and the strength of humanity.â
Chennai:
Sukirtharani distinctly remembers the two years she had spent
undergoing teacherâs training at her hometown, Ranipet in Tamil Nadu.
âEvery
single day of those two years, I encountered them. I have watched them
from a distance, walked along in silence. I have been a witness to the
casual humiliation they had faced on the streets and still continued
with what they did â carrying shit on their heads. The image stayed with
me, somewhere deep down,â she recalls.
Years
later, the image revisited her when she came across a manual scavenger
on a railway line. âNo matter which party is in power, they continue to
exist. They are forced to do the same work. If this is not caste
discrimination, what else is?â she asks. âI have no power to change
things for them. I honestly feel helpless and all I can do is write a
poem.â
Her
poem Kaimaaru translated as âDebtâ into English is a powerful
articulation of the indignity associated with manual scavenging, a
brilliant takedown of the caste structure that lent them this indignity
and a sensitive portrayal of manifestation of this guilt at a deeply
personal level.
A piece of hide
sewn into the base of the basket
she sets out.
The blunt-edged scrap-iron sheet
Piled with gathered ashes
is heavy in her arms.
Behind a house thatâs fit to split
with too many people in it
she goes â stops there,
her eyes falling on a square
iron sheet
swinging from a nail.
Raising it with one hand
she throws a handful of ashes
inside.
And then,
scraping her forearm on the holeâs jagged edges, she
sweeps and scoops, sweeps and scoops from left to right
tilting it
into the basket.
And when itâs full, and heavy on her head
with the back of her hand
she wipes away yellow water
streaming down her brow.
And then with easy grace
she goes her way.
what I can do for her is not to defecate once
[From
The Oxford Anthology of Tamil Aboriginal SC/STs Writing, edited by D.
Ravikumar and R. Azhagarasan. This excerpt was translated into English
by Vasanta Surya.]
According
to reports, âDebtâ is among the two poems of Sukirtharani, along with
some chapters of Bamaâs novel Sangati (âEventsâ) and Mahasweta Deviâs
story Draupadi, which have been dropped from the syllabus of Delhi
Universityâs English course. The other poem dropped â My Body â is an
equally powerful work that draws parallels between a womanâs body and
nature â both subject to persistent exploitation.
âIt
is how a womanâs body is either wilfully ignored and destroyed by
âpowers.â I am definitely not surprised that these poems were dropped.
We now have a Union government that believes in Sanatana. But clearly,
they are troubled by what I write. I am not surprised because erasure of
powerful Aboriginal SC/STs voices has always happened. When they cannot
face the truths in our works â mine, Bamaâs or Mahasweta Deviâs â they
try to stop us. But our works speak for themselves. They continue to be
taught in many colleges and universities. Itâs not just about one Bama
or Sukirtharani, our works are representative of thousands of Bamas and
Sukirtharanis who continue to fight oppression. It is just hard to stop
us speaking,â says Sukirtharani.
Bama
wouldnât agree more. âWe have a Union government that lives 2,000 years
ago and we live in the present. They think women shouldnât speak out or
fight. Sangati was all about that.â
Published
first in Tamil in 1994 and in English in 2001, Sangati captures the
lives of Aboriginal SC/STs women â their fights to assert their
individual identity even when fighting against caste and patriarchy.
âEvery woman in Sangati engages in this fight. But today, we have a
government that doesnât want women to fight, that doesnât want to even
give any space to women. They are believers of Manusmriti. Their
politics is too evident in what they have decided to drop,â says Bama.
As
a novel, Sangati continues to be more relevant today given the
struggles of Aboriginal SC/STs women across the country. But it also
intimately portrays the strength and resolve of the women in asserting
their own identities, amidst the constant day-to-day struggle, through
various possible ways. A paradox perhaps best illustrated by this
paragraph from the novel.
âIn
our streets the girls hardly ever enjoy a period of childhood. Before
they can sprout three tender leaves, so to speak, they are required to
behave like young women, looking after the housework, taking care of
babies, going out to work for daily wages. Yet, in spite of all their
suffering and pain one cannot but be delighted by their sparkling words,
their firm tread and their bubbling laughter.â
[From
The Oxford Anthology of Tamil Aboriginal SC/STs Writing, edited by D
Ravikumar and R Azhagarasan. This excerpt was translated into English by
Lakshmi Holmstrom]
Kavitha Muralidharan is an independent journalist.
Happy to see work progressing for renovating Rohni Buddha Vihara. Wish all Buddhists Donate Liberally for the Good Cause.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One Let us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space.
Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
FÃ s
Bolclis, piobairean, cucumbers, curran, pÃēnairean, troich craobhan
todhar os cionn an ADA Eurabhi Planet Earth agus san fhà nais. A ‘tighinn
gu Îre gà irnealaireachd agus coille airson sÎol agus searbhagan.
DN 16 - (D II 137)
MahÄparinibbÄna Sutta
{earrannan}
An stiÃđireadh mu dheireadh le Buddha air MahÄ-PartinibbÄna
Bidh
an Sutta seo a ‘cruinneachadh diofar stiÃđireadh am Buddha airson
luchd-leantainn a dhol seachad, a tha ga dhÃĻanamh na sheata stiÃđireadhan
glÃĻ chudromach dhuinn an-diugh.
NÃŽ
mi expound mi air a ‘Bhrath air an Bromma Is e DhamÄdÄdÄ, ma tha e cho
miannach, cha bhith barrachd NirachÄna-yoni, gun a bhith nas peata, chan
eil Barrachd stà ite mÎ-thoilichte, de mhÎ-fhortan, de truaighe, tha mi
nad sotÄlian, le nà dar saor bho stà itean ballrachd, tha e an dÃđil a
bhith na bhith air an sambodi.
Agus tha na, Änanda,
tha
an t-ainm ris an canar dhmmmÄdÄdÄsa air an canar, air am bi an
AriyasÄva, mar as urrainn dha a bhith ann fhÃĻin: ‘yonpia, cha robh
barrachd peata ann mÃŽ-thoilichte, mÃŽ-fhortanach, de mhÃŽ-fhortan, de
truaighe, I. A bheil mise na sotÄlana, le nà dar saor bho stà itean
ballrachd, a tha an dÃđil gu Sambodi?
An seo, tha Arndada, An AriaisÄvaka air a thoirt seachad le Buddhe AveccappasÄda:
Tha e air a thoirt seachad le Dhame AveccappasÄda:
Tha e air a thomhas le SAáđ ghe AveccappasÄda:
Tha e air a bhuileachadh le sÄŦla a tha ag aontachadh ris an Ariashas,
Is
e seo, Luchd-iÃđil Armaida, ris an canar na AriyasÄdÄ, ma tha e nas
fheà rr na miacachÄna-yoni-yoni , gun staid mÃŽ-mhodhail, de mhÃŽ-fhortan,
truaighe, mise a tha mi a ’saoradh bho stà itean ballrachd, tha e an dÃđil
a bhith na là thaireachd.
Sato Ma tha thu fhathast, Bhikkhus, agus SampajÄnos. Is e seo an toirt a-mach dhut.
Agus ciamar, a tha Bhikkhu sato? An seo, Bhikkhus, a Bhikkhu
Mar sin, tha Bhikkhus, na bhikkhu sato. Agus ciamar, tha Bikkhus, na bhikkhu SampajÄno? An seo, Bhikkhus,
Mar sin, tha Bhikkhus, na Bhikkhu SampajÄno. Sato Ma tha thu fhathast, Bhikkhus, agus SampajÄnos. Is e seo an toirt a-mach dhut.
- Annanda, an Twin Sala
Tha
craobhan là n de bhlà th, ged nach e seusan flÃđr a th ‘ann. Agus na
blà than uisge air corp Tathagataga agus drop agus sgapadh agus tha iad
air an sgarrachadh ann an adhradh an tathagata. Agus sgÃđradh crorail
celestial agus pÃđdar sÃŽordainn bhon speur sÃŽos air corp an tathagata,
agus tuiteam agus sgapadh agus tha iad air adhradh ann an Tathagata.
Agus bidh fuaim ghuthan nÃĻamhaidh agus ionnsramaidean nÃĻamhaidh a
‘dÃĻanamh ceÃēl san ÃĻadhar a-mach à urram don Tathagata.
Chan
e seo a chan ann le seo, Luchd-brathaidh, a tha an t-urram, urramach
agus urram a ‘pà igheadh ââair an TathÄgaea. Ach, Annanda, sameir, sam
bithghhu no Bhikkhuna, Lineman no Laywoman, a tha air fhà gail
dhammadimemamaopama, sÄmÄŦcÄŦciPáđipna,
a
‘fuireach a rÃĻir Dhehamma, a tha fiachan, eiread, espaten, a’ pà igheadh
ââÃđmhlachd, agus a ‘toirt urram don tÃēir as fheà rr leis an Ãđmhlachd as
sà r-mhath. Mar sin, bu chÃēir dhut do chuid fhÃĻin a thrÃĻanadh mar sin:
‘Fuirichidh sinn Dham’cnudehammau’paáđipna, a’ fuireach ann an Damma ‘.
BhaagaWaWaWean is saying
“My
brothers, these two borders are there to avoid the journey. Which two
are? And the other to use decoration using the body of its needs. Both
ends lead to failure.
“The
path I found the middle way, which ignoring both stages and has the
potential to lead one or peace. It is the long understanding of an
unclear understanding, lecture right, correct action, survived, right
residency, exact concentration and peace.
The
first one is there. Birth, old age, is illness, and death suffering.
Sorrow, anger, jealous, are worry, worry, fear, and despair suffers.
Searling from lovers suffers. Connect to those who don’t like to suffer.
Wish, connection, compliance with high five is suffering.
“Brothers, the second fact indicates the cause of suffering. Because
of the icon, people can’t see the truth of the ladies, eagerness, fear,
fear, fear and despair.
“Brothers, the third truth is to stop suffering.
Understand the truth of life makes stopping all the sorrow and admitting.
“The fourth story is the way that leads to suffering stop. The Noble
Noble path, which I have been defined by Mentalism. Dueness of mind
leading to density and understanding, by checking you from each pain and
splendid.
“Vision was rose, he got up, he had arose, arose within me. ‘It is only the truth ever heard.’
“The
noticeable fact of pressure lawy: the total and stop decrease,
questioning, this noise trusted. The noise of stress is produced leads
to a stress stop.
“As
soon as my knowledge & vision concerning these noblee, they truly
frightened not to wake up without guessing, reflection , Brahmanas, her
royalty & memory. Knowledge & vision you upset me now. “It’s not
a renewable place.”
While
Skating explains the four gentlers, suddenly konadna was feeling
greatly shining in their own mind. It could blast to bicycle to the
orders that he had been so far. His faces was carrying with happiness.
Buddhadhaded on and cryped, “kondanna! You have it!”
KONdanna
went into his palms and the bow too sidrayha. Has deeper honor, he
talked, “Varraable Gaitama, please accept me as your disciples. I know
your guide, I will understand the great wake.”
The
four monks in the Belintoes of weather went, along with their Palms,
and asked to be acquired as a disciples. Siddarha, “brothers! The town’s
children are called ‘the Buddham.” You can also contact me with that
name if you like. “
KONDANNA asked, “not ‘Buddha’ meaning ‘meaning’ man who fails’?”
“That’s right, and not the way I find it ‘ What do you think of this name? “
“‘One
who wake up’! ‘The Wanner Rock’! Wonderful! We will be true! the way of
the wake. As you said, living each day as very important as the basis
of spiritual use. “The Five Misses for accepting Gaitama as the teacher
and calling on Budded.
The
Buddha smiled on them. “Try her brothers, with an open and
understandable spirit, and in three months you will have earned
exemption product.”
Audiobook | On the Japanese Spirit (Part 2)
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The
same must be said for ideas that are not only expressed in the written
word, but also those that have an important function in real life. For
example, bushido, or the spirit of the samurai. Bushido was fostered by
the fact that samurai society was built on a hereditary relationship of
master and servant, and that this relationship was maintained through
knowledge and deeds, as well as the experience of war through the
fighting methods of the time. Therefore, they are powerful only in times
when such organizations are maintained and there are many opportunities
to experience such wars. Therefore, in the Tokugawa era, when warfare
had ceased and only their status and organization were maintained, they
would naturally fall into decay.
In
the Tokugawa period, when the only thing that kept them in place was
their position and their organization, the Tokugawa shogunate naturally
fell into decay. It is a clear historical fact that even if one tried to
strain it, it would be impossible. Therefore, it is not surprising that
bushido died out after the Meiji era, when the organization was
destroyed and the special status of samurai itself was eliminated.
Bushido
was meaningful only under the special conditions of a certain era. Of
course, even if bushido had died out, certain customs and habits
nurtured by it would have survived to a certain extent, but in order for
them to be adapted to life in the new era, they would have to be
elevated to the level of general morality. If not, it will only become
an obstacle to the new life.
On
the whole, Bushido does not match the fundamental spirit of modern life
in that it is a morality for master-servant relationships and between
people, not a morality for group or social life. Another example is the
special form of family life. Family life exists in every age, but the
form and style of life changes with the age, so that the life of the
Tokugawa period was far different from that of the Heian period. It is a
very old family form.
It
must have developed historically from the family form of the distant
past in accordance with the changes in the life of the nation, and along
with that, the family sentiment that was accustomed by the family form
of the Tokugawa era still exists to some extent today with gradual
changes. However, its significance in modern life is the same as in the
case of Bushido. Therefore, it is not permissible to think that the
Japanese spirit is manifested in Bushido or in the form of family life
of a certain era, unless the term “Japanese spirit” is used with special
restrictions and significance.
It
is possible to recognize the Japanese spirit as something that has
arisen only in the Japanese nation and not in any other nation, but it
cannot be said that this spirit works in the same way in every age. It
was born out of the life of a people in a certain period of time in the
past and led to the life of the present, and if from this life the life
of the present has developed through the process of history, then in
this sense it goes without saying that this spirit is also involved in
the present. In this sense, it goes without saying that such a spirit
also has something to do with the present, but it only worked directly
on real life in certain periods in the past, and that was the end of its
mission.
Buddha fhÃĻin faclan quotes air là thaireachd air mothachadh
Maha + satipaáđáđhÄna
Creideamhan, Eain, Castes, Neo-Ionannachdan,
robh
bheil
agus
Leanaidh a bhith ann!
Dr B.R.Ambedkar tà irneinich “PrÃŽomh Bharat Baudhmay karunga.” (Bidh mi a ‘dÃĻanamh na dÃđthcha seo Buddhist)
All
TÃđsanach dÃđsgadh Comainn Thunder Hilariously “STÃRAS Prapanch Prabuddha
Prapanchmay karunge.” (Bidh sinn a ‘dÃĻanamh an t-saoghail uile
Prabuddha Prapanch
Bidh seo a ‘tachairt tro
Saor
an-asgaidh air-loidhne Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention ann an
dÃđsgadh aon fhaclan fhÃĻin airson Sochairean, Happiness agus Peace airson
All Comainn agus airson iad a ‘coileanadh Eternal Bliss mar Final Amas
tro Maha + satipaáđáđhÄna- là thaireachd air mothachadh le Amharc de Kaya
Earrann air ÄnÄpÄna, postures, sampajaÃąÃąa, repulsiveness, an Elements,
na naoi charnel talamh, de VedanÄ agus Citta
An sin
Creideamhan, Eain, Castes is neo-ionannais
Cha bhi an sin!
TIPITAKA
Dn 22 - (ii 290 D)
MahÄsatipaáđáđhÄna Sutta
Frithealadh air mothachadh Le Buddha
Maha + satipaáđáđhÄna
Tha seo a ’sutta fad is farsaing air a mheas mar a’ phrÃŽomh iomraidh airson meÃērachadh a chleachdadh.
Ro-rà dh
I. Amharc de Kaya
Earrann A. air ÄnÄpÄna
Earrann B. air postures
C. Earrann air sampajaÃąÃąa
D. Earrann air repulsiveness
Earrann E. air na h-eileamaidean
F. Tha Earrann air an naoi charnel gà rraidhean
II. De Amharc VedanÄ
Ro-rà dh
Mar so tha chuala mi:
Air
aon turas, an BhagavÄ a ‘fuireach am measg nan Kurus aig KammÄsadhamma,
baile margaidh na Kurus. Tha, tha e a ‘dÃĻiligeadh ris an bhikkhus:
- Bhikkhus.
- Bhaddante fhreagair an bhikkhus. Tha BhagavÄ Thuirt:
- seo,
bhikkhus, tha an t-slighe a leanas gu dad ach an purification de
nà durra,
a ‘faighinn thairis air na brÃēn agus caoidh, a dhol à bith
dukkha-domanassa, a’ coileanadh an dÃēigh cheart, an tuigse de NibbÄna,
se sin ri rà dh na ceithir satipaáđáđhÄnas.
DÃĻ na ceithir?
An seo, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu cÃēmhnaidh Coimhead Kaya ann Kaya, ÄtÄpÄŦ
sampajÄno, satimÄ, an dÃĻidh a thoirt suas abhijjhÄ-domanassa a dh’ionnsaigh an t-saoghail.
E
an cÃēmhnaidh ag amharc vedanÄ ann vedanÄ, ÄtÄpÄŦ sampajÄno, satimÄ, an
dÃĻidh a thoirt suas abhijjhÄ-domanassa a dh’ionnsaigh an t-saoghail. E
an cÃēmhnaidh ag amharc citta ann citta, ÄtÄpÄŦ sampajÄno, satimÄ, an
dÃĻidh a thoirt suas abhijjhÄ-domanassa a dh’ionnsaigh an t-saoghail. E
an cÃēmhnaidh ag amharc dhamma · s ann dhamma · s, ÄtÄpÄŦ sampajÄno,
satimÄ, an dÃĻidh a thoirt suas abhijjhÄ-domanassa a dh’ionnsaigh an
t-saoghail.
I. KÄyÄnupassanÄ
Earrann A. air ÄnÄpÄna
agus
ciamar,
bhikkhus, a ‘dÃĻanamh a bhikkhu cÃēmhnuidh’ Coimhead Kaya ann Kaya? An
seo, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, an dÃĻidh dha a dhol gu na coille no an dÃĻidh a
dhol aig bun craoibhe no an dÃĻidh a dhol dhan an seÃēmar falamh, na
suidhe sÃŽos ‘pasgadh casan tarsainn air a chÃĻile, a’ suidheachadh Kaya
dÃŽreach, agus a ‘cur sati parimukhaáđ. Tha a bhith mar so Sato ea
‘leigeil analach ann, a bhith mar so Sato ea’ leigeil analach a-mach.
Anail ann fada thuigeas e: ‘Tha mi a’ tarraing anail ann fada ‘; a
‘tarraing a-mach fada thuigeas e:’ Tha mi a ‘tarraing a-mach fada’;
anail ann goirid thuigeas e: ‘Tha mi a’ tarraing anail ann goirid ‘; a
‘tarraing a-mach goirid thuigeas e:’ Tha mi a ‘tarraing a-mach goirid’; e
trÃĻanaichean fhÃĻin: ‘faireachdainn an Kaya, bidh mi a’ anail ann ‘; e
trÃĻanaichean fhÃĻin: ‘faireachdainn gu lÃĻir Kaya, bheir mi anail a
tharraing a-mach’; e trÃĻanaichean fhÃĻin: ‘ciÃđineachadh sÃŽos an
Kaya-saáđ khÄras, bidh mi a’ anail ann ‘; e trÃĻanaichean fhÃĻin:
‘ciÃđineachadh sÃŽos an Kaya-saáđ khÄras, bheir mi anail a tharraing
a-mach’.
dÃŽreach
mar,
bhikkhus, a skillful tuairnear no tuairnear preantas, a ‘dÃĻanamh fada
air thoiseach, a’ tuigsinn: ‘Tha mi a’ dÃĻanamh fada turn “; dÃĻanamh
ghoirid ach, thuigeas e: ‘Tha mi a’ dÃĻanamh ghoirid ach ‘; anns an aon
dÃēigh, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, a ‘tarraing a dh’fhaid, a’ tuigsinn: ‘Tha mi
a’ tarraing anail ann fada ‘; anail a-mach fada thuigeas e:’ Tha mi a
‘tarraing a-mach fada’; anail ann goirid thuigeas e: ‘Tha mi a’ tarraing
anail ann goirid ‘; a ‘tarraing a-mach goirid thuigeas e:’ Tha mi a
‘tarraing a-mach goirid’; e trÃĻanaichean fhÃĻin: ‘faireachdainn gu lÃĻir
Kaya, bidh mi a’ anail ann ‘; e trÃĻanaichean fhÃĻin: ‘faireachdainn gu
lÃĻir Kaya, bheir mi anail a tharraing a-mach’; e trÃĻanaichean fhÃĻin:
‘ciÃđineachadh sÃŽos an Kaya-saáđ khÄras, bidh mi a’ anail ann ‘; e
trÃĻanaichean fhÃĻin: ‘ciÃđineachadh sÃŽos an Kaya-saáđ khÄras, bheir mi anail
a tharraing a-mach’.
Mar so e cÃēmhnaidh ag amharc Kaya Kaya ann an taobh a-staigh,
e
no cÃēmhnaidh ag amharc Kaya Kaya ann an taobh a-muigh, no e cÃēmhnaidh
ag amharc Kaya Kaya ann an taobh a-staigh agus a-muigh; e an cÃēmhnaidh
ag amharc samudaya de phenomena ann Kaya, no e cÃēmhnaidh ag amharc a
‘dol seachad air falbh de phenomena ann Kaya, no e an cÃēmhnaidh ag
amharc samudaya agus a’ dol air falbh de phenomena ann Kaya; no eile,
[tuigsinn:] “a tha seo Kaya!” sati tha an là thair ann dha, dÃŽreach gus
an ÃŽre de dÃŽreach Nana agus dÃŽreach paáđissati, e cÃēmhnaidh a sgaradh,
agus chan eil claonach ri rud sam bith san t-saoghal. Mar sin, bhikkhus,
a bhikkhu cÃēmhnaidh Coimhead Kaya ann Kaya.
B. IriyÄpatha Pabba
A bharrachd,
bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, fhad ‘coiseachd, a’ tuigsinn: ‘Tha mi a’ coiseachd ‘, no
fhad ’sa bha nan seasamh thuigeas e:’ Tha mi a ’seasamh’, no fhad ’sa bha e’ na shuidhe
tuigsinn:
‘Tha mi a’ suidhe ‘, no fhad’ laighe sÃŽos thuigeas e: ‘Tha mi a’ luidhe
‘. No eile, ann an ge bith dÃĻ an suidheachadh a shocrachadh Kaya tha,
tha e ‘ga tuigsinn ach a rÃĻir sin.
Earrann air SampajaÃąaÃąa
A bharrachd air an sin,
bhikkhus,
a bhikkhu, fhad ’sa bha a’ tighinn agus fhad ’sa’ falbh, ag obair le
sampajaÃąÃąa, fhad ’sa bha a’ coimhead air adhart agus fhad ’sa bha a’
coimhead mun cuairt, tha e ag obair le sampajaÃąÃąa, fhad ’sa bha a’
cromadh agus fhad ’sa bha a’ sÃŽneadh, tha e ag obair le sampajaÃąÃąa, fhad
’sa bha a’ caitheamh an trusgain agus na h-Ã rd fhallainn agus fhad ’sa
bha a’ giÃđlan a ‘bhobhla, tha e ag obair le sampajaÃąÃąa, fhad’ sa bha ag
ithe, fhad ’sa Ãēl, fhad’ sa luim, fhad ‘blasad air, tha e ag obair le
sampajaÃąÃąa, fhad’ sa bha a ‘frithealadh a’ ghnÃŽomhachais de defecating
agus urinating, tha e ag obair le sampajaÃąÃąa, fhad ’sa coiseachd, fhad’
sa bha na sheasamh, fhad ’sa suidhe, fhad’ sa A ‘cadal, agus i na dÃđisg,
agus fhad’ s a tha thu a ‘bruidhinn agus nuair a bha e sà mhach, bidh e
ag obair cÃēmhla ri SampjaÃąaÃąa.
Mar sin tha e a ‘coimhead amharc air KÄya ann an KÄya taobh a-staigh, no esan
cÃēmhnaidh
Coimhead Kaya Kaya ann an taobh a-muigh, no e cÃēmhnaidh ag amharc Kaya
Kaya ann an taobh a-staigh agus a-muigh; e an cÃēmhnaidh ag amharc
samudaya de phenomena ann Kaya, no e cÃēmhnaidh ag amharc a ‘dol seachad
air falbh de phenomena ann Kaya, no e an cÃēmhnaidh ag amharc samudaya
agus a’ dol air falbh de phenomena ann Kaya; no eile, [a ‘tuigsinn:] “Is
e seo kÄya!” Tha SATI an là thair ann, dÃŽreach gu ÃŽre Mere ÃąÄáđa agus
mere pakissati, agus chan eil e a ‘cumail ri rud sam bith san t-saoghal.
Mar sin, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu cÃēmhnaidh Coimhead Kaya ann Kaya.
D. Earrann air Repulsiveness
A bharrachd air an sin,
Bhikkhus, a bhikkhu a ‘beachdachadh air an fhÃŽor chorp seo, bho sholaichean an
troigh
suas agus bho na fuilt air a ‘cheann sÃŽos, a tha delimited le a
chraiceann agus là n de dhiofar sheÃērsachan truailleadh: “Anns an Kaya,
tha na rÃēineagan air a’ cheann, gasan a ‘chuirp, tà irnean, fiaclan,
craiceann, feoil ,
DÃŽreach
mar gum biodh, bha am poca aig baga agus là n de dhiofar sheÃērsaichean
grà in, a tha Paddy, peas, peas suirghe agus rus gÃēraidh. Bheachdaich
fear le deagh fhradharc, gun dÃđil, [na tha seo]: “Is e seo Paddy, is e
sin rus geÃēidh;” anns an aon dÃēigh, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu a ‘beachdachadh
air seo fÃŽor bhuidheann, bho na buinn an casan suas agus bho na fuilt
air a’ cheann sÃŽos,
a tha delimited le a chraiceann agus là n de dhiofar sheÃērsachan truailleadh:
“Anns an KÄya seo, tha grunnan cinn, gasan a ‘chuirp,
Mar so e cÃēmhnaidh ag amharc Kaya Kaya ann an taobh a-staigh, no e
fuireach
a ‘cumail sÃđil air kÄya ann an kÄya ann an kÄya, no a’ suidheachadh
choimhead a choimhead air KÄya ann an kÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya;
taobh a-muigh; Tha e a ‘cumail sÃđil air na h-uanya of dhamumenna ann an
KÄya, no tha e a’ coimhead air falbh na h-uinneanan ann an KÄchoma agus a
‘toirt seachad air na h-uisgona; no eile, [tuigsinn:] “a tha seo Kaya!”
sati tha presentin dha, dÃŽreach gus an ÃŽre de dÃŽreach Nana agus dÃŽreach
paáđissati, e cÃēmhnaidh a sgaradh, agus chan eil claonach ri rud sam
bith san t-saoghal. Mar sin, bha Bhikkhus, a Bhikku a ‘coimhead amharc
air KÄya ann an KÄya.
Earrann air na h-eileamaidean
A bharrachd,
bhikkhus, a bhikkhu a ’sealltainn air seo fÃŽor Kaya, ge-tà , tha e air a chur,
Ach tha e air an riarachadh: “Anns an KÄya seo, tha eileamaid talmhainn, an
eileamaid uisge, an eileamaid teine ââagus an eileamaid adhair. “
DÃŽreach
mar, bhikkhus, a skillful bÃđidsear no bÃđidsear preantas, a mharbh mart,
a bhiodh a ’suidhe aig crois-rathaid a’ gearradh e a-steach pÃŽosan;
anns an aon dÃēigh, bhikkhus, a ’sealltainn bhikkhu onthis Kaya fÃŽor,
ge-tà , tha e air a chur, ge-tà , tha e a chaidh dÃĻiligeadh: “Anns
thiskÄya, tha an talamh eileamaid, tha an eileamaid uisge, an teine
ââeileamaid agus an ÃĻadhar eileamaid.”
Mar
sin tha e a ‘cumail amhaich a choimhead air KÄya ann an KÄya taobh
a-staigh, no a choimheadas e a’ cumail sÃđil air KÄya ann an kÄya, no a
tha e a ‘cÃēmhnaidh
A
‘cumail sÃđil air KÄya ann an KÄya taobh a-staigh agus taobh a-muigh; e
an cÃēmhnaidh ag amharc samudaya de phenomena ann Kaya, no e cÃēmhnaidh ag
amharc a ‘dol seachad air falbh de phenomena ann Kaya, no e an
cÃēmhnaidh ag amharc samudaya agus a’ dol air falbh de phenomena ann
Kaya; no eile, [tuigsinn:] “a tha seo Kaya!” Tha SATI an là thair ann,
dÃŽreach gu ÃŽre Mere ÃąÄáđa agus mere pakissati, agus chan eil e a ‘cumail
ri rud sam bith a choimheadas e a’ cumail sÃđil air KÄya ann an kÄya;
(1)
A bharrachd air an sin,
Bhikkhus,
a bhikkhu, dÃŽreach mar gum biodh e a ‘faicinn corp marbh, aon latha
marbh, swollen, bluish agus festering seo a’ beachdachadh air an fhÃŽor
kÄya: “An kÄya seo Tha cuideachd de nà dar cho mÃēr, gu bheil e gu bhith
mar seo, agus chan eil e saor bho leithid de staid. “
Mar
sin tha e a ‘cumail amhaich a’ cumail sÃđil air KÄya ann an KÄya ann an
KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an
KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya; taobh a-muigh; Tha
e a ‘cumail sÃđil air na h-uanya of dhamumenna ann an KÄya, no tha e a’
coimhead air falbh na h-uinneanan ann an KÄchoma agus a ‘toirt seachad
air na h-uisgona; no eile, [a ‘tuigsinn:] “Is e seo kÄya!” Tha SATI an
là thair ann, dÃŽreach gu ÃŽre Mere ÃąÄáđa agus mere pakissati, agus chan eil
e a ‘cumail ri rud sam bith san t-saoghal. Mar sin, bha Bhikkhus, a
Bhikku a ‘coimhead amharc air KÄya ann an KÄya.
(2)
A bharrachd air an sin,
Bhikkhus,
a bhikkhu, dÃŽreach mar gum biodh e a ‘faicinn corp marbh, air a
thilgeil le creachainn, ag ithe le crodhan, gan ithe le coin, ga ithe le
coin, le bhith ag ithe bho tÃŽgearan, gan ithe le paners, gan ithe le
diofar sheÃērsaichean de chreutairean, “Tha an kÄya seo ann an nà dar seo,
agus chan eil e saor bho choinneimh mar sin.”
Mar
sin tha e a ‘cumail amhaich a’ cumail sÃđil air KÄya ann an KÄya ann an
KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an
KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya; taobh a-muigh; Tha
e a ‘cumail sÃđil air Samudya of dhamumenna ann an KÄya, no tha e a’
coimhead air falbh na h-Uenomena ann an KÄya, no tha e a ‘coimhead
amharc air an Samudaya agus
a
‘dol seachad air falbh de na h-uÃĻir ann an kÄya; no eile, [a
‘tuigsinn:] “Is e seo kÄya!” Tha SATI an là thair ann, dÃŽreach gu ÃŽre
Mere ÃąÄáđa agus mere pakissati, agus chan eil e a ‘cumail ri rud sam bith
san t-saoghal. Mar sin, bha Bhikkhus, a Bhikku a ‘coimhead amharc air
KÄya ann an KÄya.
(3)
A
bharrachd air an sin, Bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, dÃŽreach mar gum biodh e a
‘faicinn corp marbh, tilgeadh cÃēmhla le feÃēil, “Tha an kÄya seo ann a
leithid de leithid NÃ dar, bidh e gu bhith mar seo, agus chan eil e saor
bho leithid de staid. “
Mar sin tha e a ‘coimhead amharc air KÄya ann an KÄya taobh a-staigh, no esan
fuireach
a ‘cumail sÃđil air kÄya ann an kÄya ann an kÄya, no a’ suidheachadh
choimhead a choimhead air KÄya ann an kÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya;
taobh a-muigh; Tha e a ‘cumail sÃđil air na h-uanya of dhamumenna ann an
KÄya, no tha e a’ coimhead air falbh na h-uinneanan ann an KÄchoma agus a
‘toirt seachad air na h-uisgona; no eile, [a ‘tuigsinn:] “Is e seo
kÄya!” Tha SATI an là thair ann, dÃŽreach gu ÃŽre Mere ÃąÄáđa agus mere
pakissati, agus chan eil e a ‘cumail ri rud sam bith san t-saoghal. Mar
sin, bha Bhikkhus, a Bhikku a ‘coimhead amharc air KÄya ann an KÄya.
(4)
A bharrachd air an sin,
Bhikkhus,
a bhikkhu, dÃŽreach mar gum biodh e a ‘faicinn corp marbh, tilgeadh e
cÃēmhla le feÃēil, “tha e a’ meas gu bheil iad a ‘beachdachadh air an
fhÃŽor chondona:” Tha an kÄya seo ann a leithid de leithid NÃ dar, bidh e
gu bhith mar seo, agus chan eil e saor bho leithid de staid. “
Mar
sin tha e a ‘cumail amhaich a’ cumail sÃđil air KÄya ann an KÄya ann an
KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an
KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya; taobh a-muigh; Tha
e a ‘cumail sÃđil air na h-uanya of dhamumenna ann an KÄya, no tha e a’
coimhead air falbh na h-uinneanan ann an KÄchoma agus a ‘toirt seachad
air na h-uisgona; no eile, [a ‘tuigsinn:] “Is e seo kÄya!” Tha SATI an
là thair ann, dÃŽreach gu ÃŽre Mere ÃąÄáđa agus mere pakissati, agus chan eil
e a ‘cumail ri rud sam bith san t-saoghal. Mar sin, bha Bhikkhus, a
Bhikku a ‘coimhead amharc air KÄya ann an KÄya.
(5)
A
bharrachd air an sin, Bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, dÃŽreach mar gum biodh e a
‘faicinn buidheann marbh, tilgeadh cÃēmhla le feÃēil no feÃēil, “tha an
kÄya seo ann a leithid de leithid NÃ dar, bidh e gu bhith mar seo, agus
chan eil e saor bho leithid de staid. “
Mar sin tha e a ‘coimhead amharc air KÄya ann an KÄya taobh a-staigh, no esan
fuireach
a ‘cumail sÃđil air kÄya ann an kÄya ann an kÄya, no a’ suidheachadh
choimhead a choimhead air KÄya ann an kÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya;
taobh a-muigh; Tha e a ‘cumail sÃđil air na h-uanya of dhamumenna ann an
KÄya, no tha e a’ coimhead air falbh na h-uinneanan ann an KÄchoma agus a
‘toirt seachad air na h-uisgona; no eile, [a ‘tuigsinn:] “Is e seo
kÄya!” Tha SATI an là thair ann, dÃŽreach gu ÃŽre Mere ÃąÄáđa agus mere
pakissati, agus chan eil e a ‘cumail ri rud sam bith san t-saoghal. Mar
sin, bha Bhikkhus, a Bhikku a ‘coimhead amharc air KÄya ann an KÄya.
(6)
A
bharrachd air an sin, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, dÃŽreach mar gum biodh e a
‘faicinn cÃēn clarail, an seo le cnà mh cas, an seo le cnà mh ankle , seo
cnà imh sliaibh, an sin bha cnà mh hip, an seo rib, an seo le cnà mh spine,
an seo le cnà mhan-amharaidh, no an sin tha cnà mh fhiacla, a
‘beachdachadh air an fhÃŽor kÄya seo : “Tha an KÄya seo cuideachd de
nà dar cho mÃēr, ma tha e gu bhith mar seo, agus chan eil e saor bho
choinneimh mar sin.”
Mar
sin tha e a ‘cumail amhaich a’ cumail sÃđil air KÄya ann an KÄya ann an
KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an
KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya; taobh a-muigh; Tha
e a ‘cumail sÃđil air na h-uanya of dhamumenna ann an KÄya, no tha e a’
coimhead air falbh na h-uinneanan ann an KÄchoma agus a ‘toirt seachad
air na h-uisgona; no eile, [a ‘tuigsinn:] “Is e seo kÄya!” Tha SATI an
là thair ann, dÃŽreach gu ÃŽre Mere ÃąÄáđa agus mere pakissati, agus chan eil
e a ‘cumail ri rud sam bith san t-saoghal. Mar sin, bha Bhikkhus, a
Bhikku a ‘coimhead amharc air KÄya ann an KÄya.
(7)
A bharrachd air an sin, Bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, dÃŽreach mar gum biodh e
a
‘faicinn buidheann marbh, tilgeadh air falbh ann an talamh cladhail,
bha na cnà mhan a’ meas gu bheil an leithid de nà mhaid seo: “Tha an KÄya
seo ann an nà dar seo, agus chan eil e saor bho leithid a staid. “
(
A bharrachd air an sin, Bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, dÃŽreach mar gum biodh e
Thilgeadh
e corp marbh, air a thilgeil air falbh ann an talamh clisgeil, “Tha e
cuideachd a ‘meas seo, agus tha e gu bhith mar seo, agus chan eil e saor
bho leithid suidheachadh. “
Mar
sin tha e a ‘cumail amhaich a’ cumail sÃđil air KÄya ann an KÄya ann an
KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an
KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya; taobh a-muigh; Tha
e a ‘cumail sÃđil air na h-uanya of dhamumenna ann an KÄya, no tha e a’
coimhead air falbh na h-uinneanan ann an KÄchoma agus a ‘toirt seachad
air na h-uisgona; no eile, [a ‘tuigsinn:] “Is e seo kÄya!” Tha SATI an
là thair ann, dÃŽreach gu ÃŽre Mere ÃąÄáđa agus mere pakissati, agus chan eil
e a ‘cumail ri rud sam bith san t-saoghal. Mar sin, bha Bhikkhus, a
Bhikku a ‘coimhead amharc air KÄya ann an KÄya.
(9)
A bharrachd air an sin, Bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, dÃŽreach mar gum biodh e
a
‘faicinn buidheann marbh, tilgeadh air falbh ann an talamh a’ Ghà rlail,
a ‘beachdachadh air a’ phÃđtair, “Tha an KÄya seo ann an nà dar mar seo,
agus chan eil e saor bhon leithid de shuidheachadh . “
Mar
sin tha e a ‘cumail amhaich a’ cumail sÃđil air KÄya ann an KÄya ann an
KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an
KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya ann an KÄya; taobh a-muigh; Tha
e a ‘cumail sÃđil air na h-uanya of dhamumenna ann an KÄya, no tha e a’
coimhead air falbh na h-uinneanan ann an KÄchoma agus a ‘toirt seachad
air na h-uisgona; no eile, [a ‘tuigsinn:] “Is e seo kÄya!” Tha SATI an
là thair ann, dÃŽreach gu ÃŽre Mere ÃąÄáđa agus mere pakissati, agus chan eil
e a ‘cumail ri rud sam bith san t-saoghal. Mar sin, bha Bhikkhus, a
Bhikku a ‘coimhead amharc air KÄya ann an KÄya.
II. Amharc air vedanÄ
Agus a bharrachd, Bhikkhus, ciamar a tha a Bhikkhu a ‘cumail sÃđil air UkanÄ ann an UkanÄ?
An
seo, tha Bhikkhu, a Bhikkhu, a ‘faighinn fo-chuimhneachan sukha edcha,
a’ lÃđbadh: “Tha mi a ‘fulang sukha edchÄ”; a ‘faighinn eÃēlas air dukkha
daraich:
“Tha mi a
‘faighinn eÃēlas air dukkha edchÄ”; a ‘faighinn eÃēlas air an
Adaukham-asukam darchÄ, tha fo-chuingealachadh: “Tha mi a’ faighinn
a-mach Adaukham-asukamil edchÄ”; a ‘faighinn eÃēlas air sukha daraich,
fo-chuingnich: “Tha mi a’ faighinn sÃđil air sukha edchÄ sÄmisa”; a
‘faighinn eÃēlas air sukha veda darmisa, fo-chuspairean:
“Tha
mi a ‘faighinn eÃēlas air sukha vannÄ nisÄmisa”; a ‘faighinn eÃēlas air
dukkha darchÄ sÄmisa, “tha mi a’ faighinn eÃēlas air dukkha dardnan
sÄmisa”; a ‘faighinn eÃēlas air dukkha dardÄmisa, fo-chuingnich: “Tha mi
a’ faighinn eÃēlas air dukkha ednacha novÄmisa”; a ‘faighinn eÃēlas air an
Adaukham-asukam darchÄ daraich, fo-chuingnich: “Tha mi a’ faighinn
a-mach Adukham-asukÄ daraich”; A ‘faighinn eÃēlas air Adukham-Adaukham
edukÄ heukÄ heznan nisÄmisa, “Tha mi a’ faighinn a-mach Adaukham-asukÄ
hedaniÄ”.
Mar sin tha e a ‘cumail amhaich a’ cumail sÃđil air UkanÄ ann an UkanÄ taobh a-staigh,
no a ‘coimhead cÃēmhnaidh a’ cumail sÃđil air UkanÄ ann an UkanÄ san taobh a-muigh, no cÃērdaidh e
A ‘cumail sÃđil air UkanÄ ann an UkanÄ taobh a-staigh agus air an taobh a-muigh; tha e a ‘cÃēmhnaidh
A
‘cumail sÃđil air Samudaya of Soenomena ann an UkanÄ, no tha e a’
coimhead air falbh na h-UidenÄ, no a ‘cumail sÃđil air na h-UenmoÄ; no
eile, [a ‘tuigsinn:] “Is e seo vedanÄ!” Tha SATI an là thair ann, dÃŽreach
gu ÃŽre Mere ÃąÄáđa agus mere pakissati, agus chan eil e a ‘cumail ri rud
sam bith san t-saoghal. Mar sin, tha Bhikkhus, a Bhikku a ‘cumail amh ri
bhith a’ cumail sÃđil air vedanÄ ann an UkanÄ.
III. Amharc air Citta
Agus a bharrachd, Bhikkhus, ciamar a tha A Bhikkhu a ‘cumail sÃđil air Citta ann an Citta?
An seo, tha Bhikkhu, a Bhikkhu a ‘tuigsinn Citta le RÄga “, no a’
tuigsinn Citta le DASA”, no a ‘tuigsinn Citta gun doga mar “Citta à s
aonais dosa”, no tha e a ‘tuigsinn Citta le MHAHA “, no tha e a’
tuigsinn Citta cruinnichte mar” Citta Citta “, no tha e a ‘tuigsinn
sgapadh sgapte Citta mar “Cit-raon sgapte”, no tha e a ‘tuigsinn Citta
leudaichte mar “Citta leudaichte”, no tha e a’ tuigsinn Citta a tha gun
choimeas mar “no a thuigeas e ceathrta neo-sheasmhach mar “Citta
neo-sheasmhach”, no tha e a ‘tuigsinn citta dÃđmhail “no tha e a’
tuigsinn citta neo-chumanta” no a ‘tuigsinn citta neo-chÃđramach “no tha e
a ‘tuigsinn citta gun choimeas mar “unli Buidhe Citta “.
Mar sin tha e a ‘cumail amhaich a’ cumail sÃđil air Citta ann an Citta
a-staigh, no tha e a ‘cumail amhaich a’ cumail sÃđil air Citta taobh
a-muigh Citta taobh a-staigh Citta an taobh a-staigh agus taobh a-muigh;
Tha e a ‘cumail sÃđil air Samumya of Soenomena ann an Citta, no tha e a’
cumail sÃđil air falbh bho na Samumya agus a ‘dol seachad air Sonomena
ann an Citta; no eile, [a ‘tuigsinn:] “Is e seo Citta!” Tha SATI an
là thair ann, dÃŽreach gu ÃŽre Mere ÃąÄáđa agus mere pakissati, agus chan eil
e a ‘cumail ri rud sam bith san t-saoghal. Mar sin, bha Bhikkhus, a
Bhikku a ‘cumail sÃđil air Citta ann an Citta.
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bhikkhus,
a bhikkhu, just as if he was seeing a dead body, cast away in a charnel
ground, one day dead, or two days dead or three days dead, swollen,
bluish and festering, he considers this very kÄya: âThis kÄya also is of
such a nature, it is going to become like this, and is not free from
such a condition.â âĻ
Thus
he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya internally, or he dwells observing
kÄya in kÄya externally, or he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya internally
and externally; he dwells observing the samudaya of phenomena in kÄya,
or he dwells observing the passing away of phenomena in kÄya, or he
dwells observing the samudaya and passing away of phenomena in kÄya; or
else, [realizing:] âthis is kÄya!â sati is present in him, just to the
extent of mere ÃąÄáđa and mere paáđissati, he dwells detached, and does not
cling to anything in the world. Thus, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu dwells
observing kÄya in kÄya.
(2)
Furthermore,
bhikkhus,
a bhikkhu, just as if he was seeing a dead body, cast away in a charnel
ground, being eaten by crows, being eaten by hawks, being eaten by
vultures, being eaten by herons, being eaten by dogs, being eaten by
tigers, being eaten by panthers, being eaten by various kinds of beings,
he considers this very kÄya: âThis kÄya also is of such a nature, it is
going to become like this, and is not free from such a condition.â
Thus
he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya internally, or he dwells observing
kÄya in kÄya externally, or he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya internally
and externally; he dwells observing the samudaya of phenomena in kÄya,
or he dwells observing the passing away of phenomena in kÄya, or he
dwells observing the samudaya and
passing
away of phenomena in kÄya; or else, [realizing:] âthis is kÄya!â sati
is present in him, just to the extent of mere ÃąÄáđa and mere paáđissati,
he dwells detached, and does not cling to anything in the world. Thus,
bhikkhus, a bhikkhu dwells observing kÄya in kÄya.
(3)
Furthermore,
bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, just as if he was seeing a dead body, cast away in
a charnel ground, a squeleton with flesh and blood, held together by
tendons, he considers this very kÄya: âThis kÄya also is of such a
nature, it is going to become like this, and is not free from such a
condition.â
Thus he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya internally, or he
dwells
observing kÄya in kÄya externally, or he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya
internally and externally; he dwells observing the samudaya of phenomena
in kÄya, or he dwells observing the passing away of phenomena in kÄya,
or he dwells observing the samudaya and passing away of phenomena in
kÄya; or else, [realizing:] âthis is kÄya!â sati is present in him, just
to the extent of mere ÃąÄáđa and mere paáđissati, he dwells detached, and
does not cling to anything in the world. Thus, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu
dwells observing kÄya in kÄya.
(4)
Furthermore,
bhikkhus,
a bhikkhu, just as if he was seeing a dead body, cast away in a charnel
ground, a squeleton without flesh and smeared with blood, held together
by tendons, he considers this very kÄya: âThis kÄya also is of such a
nature, it is going to become like this, and is not free from such a
condition.â âĻ
Thus he
dwells observing kÄya in kÄya internally, or he dwells observing kÄya in
kÄya externally, or he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya internally and
externally; he dwells observing the samudaya of phenomena in kÄya, or he
dwells observing the passing away of phenomena in kÄya, or he dwells
observing the samudaya and passing away of phenomena in kÄya; or else,
[realizing:] âthis is kÄya!â sati is present in him, just to the extent
of mere ÃąÄáđa and mere paáđissati, he dwells detached, and does not cling
to anything in the world. Thus, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu dwells observing
kÄya in kÄya.
(5)
Furthermore,
bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, just as if he was seeing a dead body, cast away in
a charnel ground, a squeleton without flesh nor blood, held together by
tendons, he considers this very kÄya: âThis kÄya also is of such a
nature, it is going to become like this, and is not free from such a
condition.â âĻ
Thus he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya internally, or he
dwells
observing kÄya in kÄya externally, or he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya
internally and externally; he dwells observing the samudaya of phenomena
in kÄya, or he dwells observing the passing away of phenomena in kÄya,
or he dwells observing the samudaya and passing away of phenomena in
kÄya; or else, [realizing:] âthis is kÄya!â sati is present in him, just
to the extent of mere ÃąÄáđa and mere paáđissati, he dwells detached, and
does not cling to anything in the world. Thus, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu
dwells observing kÄya in kÄya. âĻ
Mahaparinibbana and Mahasatipatthana Suttas in 85) Classical Russian-ÐÐŧаŅŅÐļŅÐĩŅКÐļÐđ ŅŅŅŅКÐļÐđ,86) Classical Samoan-Samoan Samoa,
Happy to see work progressing for renovating Rohni Buddha Vihara. Wish all Buddhists Donate Liberally for the Good Cause.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One Let us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space.
Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Pointing
to the rape of a nine-year-old girl in Delhi recently, Bama says: âThe
government is incapable of delivering justice to numerous Aboriginal
SC/STs women and girls who continue to face violence and oppression, but
they want to stop those who document their fights. But if they think
that they can take us back to Varnaasrama period by erasing our voices,
they are wrong. I am sure people would want to know more about Sangati
now. Also, I firmly believe the young writers will continue our fight.â
The
Honourable CJI must take up such cases to see that CAPITAL Punishment
is accorded to the Offenders.And alo order the government to procure
Sewage Suction Truck to avoid humans entering manholes getting killed.
In
a statement, the chief minister said that the Delhi University should
stop âlooking at the works of Bama and Sukirtharani through political
and communal lens, and should include them back in the syllabusâ.
Congress MP Jothimani and CPI(M) leader S. Venkatesan have also demanded that the decision of the Delhi University be repealed.
Mere
Lip sympathy is not enough The Delhi CM is a Rowdy Swayam Sevak (RSS)
when he raised the voice against the fraud EVMs the votes were cast on
behalf of AAM party who symbol is BROOM STICK. The Central and State
Governments must buy sucktion trucks which are available in plenty to
see that manholes are cleared through them. Many Aboriginal SC/STs have
died, are dying and will continue to die if they are forced to enter
manholes and carrying night soil over their heads. Just 0.1% chitpavan
brahmin foreigners kicked out from Bene Israel, Tibet, Africk, Western
Europe, Western Germany, Eastern Europe, South Russia, Hungary and their
Bevakoof Jhoothe Psychopaths (BJP) headed by Mad murderer of democratic
institutions (Modi) wanted to retain their manusmriti only to commit
atrocities against SC/STs because of their intolerant, violent, number
one terrorism, ever shooting, mob lynching, lunatic, mentally retarded
hatred, anger, jealousy, delusion, stupidity attitude against 99.9%
Aboriginal societies which is awakened now .These mentally retarded
chitpavan brahmins require mental treatment in mental asylumsrequire
treatment in mental asylums.
The
Delhi Universityâs decision to remove certain works by two Tamil
writers, Sukirtharani and Bama â whose works on Aboriginal SC/STs women
and their struggles have been celebrated by literary world â has caused
uproar among sections of the progressive and intellegenstia in Tamil
Nadu and rest of Prabuddha Bharat.
Ms.
Sukirtharani, whose works Kaimaru (recompense) and En Udal (My Body)
speak about injustices faced by oppressed women, said that she was ânot
surprised at allâ by the decision taken by the University to omit her
works.
She
said: âI was not surprised at all. Aboriginal SC/STs voices such as
myself and Bamaâs are speaking for all oppressed women, not just
Aboriginal SC/STs women. Our works have been included in the college
syllabus of several states at an all-Prabuddha Bharat level. I donât see
this necessary as an exclusion of just Aboriginal SC/STs writers as we
have seen how progressive writers whose works speak against caste,
stealth and shadowy hindutva, fundamentalism have also been removed in
the recent past. These things will happen in our society, but we cannot
be ignored. Our works have been translated in several languages abroad
before it became familiar in Prabuddha Bharat [outside Tamil Nadu].â
The
writer felt that it was not correct on the part of Delhi University
administration to remove her works from the syllabus without formal
intimation.
âWe
should have been formally informed about why our works were removed. At
the same time, we should also appreciate those who decided to include
it in the first place. I am not going to seek an explanation. My work is
for the society, for all oppressed women. My work Kaimaaru is about
manual scavenging. We are sending human beings to space etc. but we
still allow manual scavenging to continue in our society. When they want
to project an image of Prabuddha Bharat wherein there are no caste and
religious inequalities, our works point out that caste and religious
inequalities exist in our society. So, it is obvious that they want such
works removed from the syllabus.â
Reacting
to Delhi Universityâs decision, Ms. Bama said that she was âmore angry
than upsetâ and said that the anger would be reflected in future works.
Stating
that she wasnât sure which of her works - Karukku and Sangati â have
been removed, Ms. Bama said, âKarukku and Sangati have been taught in
colleges in many States all over Prabuddha Bharat and abroad. Sangati
talks about life of Aboriginal SC/STs women who stood against caste
atrocities and discrimination, and it is about people who were very
brave amidst oppression and violence. Karukku is an autobiographical
work and talks about politics of Aboriginal SC/STs people. For more
than 25 years, it has been celebrated by students and many other people.
It is not just my work which has been removed - works of Kancha Ilaiah
and Mahaswetha Devi and Sukirthiraniâs - have also been removed,â she
said. [The DU had removed Sangati.]
DUâs move is part of erasure, say writers Sukirtharani and Bama say their work speaks for the oppressed.
For
more than 2000 years, we have been segregated, our histories have not
been written. This government is trying to strangulate our voices, but
we will shout. Bama, writer
She
added, âFor more than 2,000 years, we have been segregated, our
histories have not been written. This government is trying to
strangulate our voices, but we will shout. The youth of this nation have
understood [what is happening]. Rather than being upset, we are angry.
The anger will reflect in our works in future.â
âWho Is Afraid of Women’s Voices?’ Ask Tamil Aboriginal SC/STs Writers After DU Drops Them from Syllabus
‘Both
Bama and Sukirtharani have consistently written on the rights of women,
liberation of the oppressed and the strength of humanity.’
Chennai:
Sukirtharani distinctly remembers the two years she had spent
undergoing teacherâs training at her hometown, Ranipet in Tamil Nadu.
âEvery
single day of those two years, I encountered them. I have watched them
from a distance, walked along in silence. I have been a witness to the
casual humiliation they had faced on the streets and still continued
with what they did â carrying shit on their heads. The image stayed with
me, somewhere deep down,â she recalls.
Years
later, the image revisited her when she came across a manual scavenger
on a railway line. âNo matter which party is in power, they continue to
exist. They are forced to do the same work. If this is not caste
discrimination, what else is?â she asks. âI have no power to change
things for them. I honestly feel helpless and all I can do is write a
poem.â
Her
poem Kaimaaru translated as âDebtâ into English is a powerful
articulation of the indignity associated with manual scavenging, a
brilliant takedown of the caste structure that lent them this indignity
and a sensitive portrayal of manifestation of this guilt at a deeply
personal level.
A piece of hide
sewn into the base of the basket
she sets out.
The blunt-edged scrap-iron sheet
Piled with gathered ashes
is heavy in her arms.
Behind a house thatâs fit to split
with too many people in it
she goes â stops there,
her eyes falling on a square
iron sheet
swinging from a nail.
Raising it with one hand
she throws a handful of ashes
inside.
And then,
scraping her forearm on the holeâs jagged edges, she
sweeps and scoops, sweeps and scoops from left to right
tilting it
into the basket.
And when itâs full, and heavy on her head
with the back of her hand
she wipes away yellow water
streaming down her brow.
And then with easy grace
she goes her way.
what I can do for her is not to defecate once
[From
The Oxford Anthology of Tamil Aboriginal SC/STs Writing, edited by D.
Ravikumar and R. Azhagarasan. This excerpt was translated into English
by Vasanta Surya.]
According
to reports, âDebtâ is among the two poems of Sukirtharani, along with
some chapters of Bamaâs novel Sangati (âEventsâ) and Mahasweta Deviâs
story Draupadi, which have been dropped from the syllabus of Delhi
Universityâs English course. The other poem dropped â My Body â is an
equally powerful work that draws parallels between a womanâs body and
nature â both subject to persistent exploitation.
âIt
is how a womanâs body is either wilfully ignored and destroyed by
âpowers.â I am definitely not surprised that these poems were dropped.
We now have a Union government that believes in Sanatana. But clearly,
they are troubled by what I write. I am not surprised because erasure of
powerful Aboriginal SC/STs voices has always happened. When they cannot
face the truths in our works â mine, Bamaâs or Mahasweta Deviâs â they
try to stop us. But our works speak for themselves. They continue to be
taught in many colleges and universities. Itâs not just about one Bama
or Sukirtharani, our works are representative of thousands of Bamas and
Sukirtharanis who continue to fight oppression. It is just hard to stop
us speaking,â says Sukirtharani.
Bama
wouldnât agree more. âWe have a Union government that lives 2,000 years
ago and we live in the present. They think women shouldnât speak out or
fight. Sangati was all about that.â
Published
first in Tamil in 1994 and in English in 2001, Sangati captures the
lives of Aboriginal SC/STs women â their fights to assert their
individual identity even when fighting against caste and patriarchy.
âEvery woman in Sangati engages in this fight. But today, we have a
government that doesnât want women to fight, that doesnât want to even
give any space to women. They are believers of Manusmriti. Their
politics is too evident in what they have decided to drop,â says Bama.
As
a novel, Sangati continues to be more relevant today given the
struggles of Aboriginal SC/STs women across the country. But it also
intimately portrays the strength and resolve of the women in asserting
their own identities, amidst the constant day-to-day struggle, through
various possible ways. A paradox perhaps best illustrated by this
paragraph from the novel.
âIn
our streets the girls hardly ever enjoy a period of childhood. Before
they can sprout three tender leaves, so to speak, they are required to
behave like young women, looking after the housework, taking care of
babies, going out to work for daily wages. Yet, in spite of all their
suffering and pain one cannot but be delighted by their sparkling words,
their firm tread and their bubbling laughter.â
[From
The Oxford Anthology of Tamil Aboriginal SC/STs Writing, edited by D
Ravikumar and R Azhagarasan. This excerpt was translated into English by
Lakshmi Holmstrom]
Kavitha Muralidharan is an independent journalist.
32 Parts of the body meditation in 16 Languages [GRAPHIC CONTENT] Dvattimsakara | patikulamanasikara
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32 Parts of the body meditation in 16 Languages | Dvattimsakara | patikulamanasikara
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32
Parts of the body meditation in 16 Languages (English, Myanmar,
Sinhala, Thai, Laos, Cambodia, Hindi, Nepali, Bengali, korean, Chinese,
Japanese, Vietnamese, German, French, Indonesia ) 32 parts of the body
buddhism | buddhist 32 parts of the body | buddhism 32 parts of the body
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Fiaaai o le sili ona leaga ituaiga o gasegase - Buddha
Tuputupu
aĘŧe Procolis, Piprals, kuka, pi, pi, Dwarf Battle Too i ni laĘŧau ma
fualaĘŧau ‘aina e pei o le Atheha o le lalolagi atoa. FaĘŧataĘŧoto ma
matagaluega vaomatua ma matagaluega vaomatua mo fatu ma Saplingstings.
DN 16 - (D II 137)
MahÄparinibBanana Soutta
{Fuaitau}
O faĘŧatonuga mulimuli e Buddha i le MahÄ - PartibbÄna
O
lenei Sutt na aoina mai ai ni faĘŧatonuga na tuĘŧuina atu e Buddha mo le
na o le au soo i le taimi na o ai, o le a avea ma se tulaga taua o
faĘŧatonuga mo tatou.
O
le a ou faamatalaina le lauga i luga o le Dhamma lea ua taĘŧua o
Dhammassa, e i ai lea o le Arionaavaka, pe a fai e leai se sili atu o
ia: ‘e le o se sili atu porivchiya Tele setete o le le fiafia, o le
leaga, o le malaia, o aĘŧu o se sotÄripa, e ala i le natura saoloto mai
setete o malaia, mautinoa o le sambodhi.
Ma o le a ,rnanda, o
o
le tala faatusa i le Dhamma lea ua igoa o DhammudjasDA, pe a iai lona
finagalo, e mafai ona faĘŧailoa ia lava, leai se sili atu poĘŧo le le sili
atu o le penivchiya Le fiafia, o le leaga, o le malaia, I. O aĘŧu o le
sotÄnpanna, e ala i le natura saoloto mai setete o malaia, mautinoa o le
sambodhi?
O iinei, Ätunda, o se ariasmasvabaka o loĘŧo faaee ma Buddho AveccapasÄsÄ:
O ia o loĘŧo foaĘŧi ma Dhahame aveccapasÄsÄ:
O ia ua faaee atu ma le saáđ lu aveccapasÄsÄ:
O ia ua faaee atu ma le sÄŦla o le maliega e malilie i le Ariyas,
Lenei,
Ä aĘŧi, o le lauga i le O Dhamamma lea ua taĘŧua ai lea o le DahamÄ, pe a
iai, e le mafai ona sili atu nirasisa, , leai se isi tulaga o le le
fiafia, o le le fiafia, o le malaia, o aĘŧu o se sotÄŦapao, i le natura
saoloto mai setete o malaia, mautinoa o le sambodhi.
Sato e tatau ona e nofo ai, Blaikkhus, ma Sampjajanos. O lo matou ulufale mai ia te oe.
Ma faĘŧapefea, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu Satoto? Lenei, Bhikkhus, o le Bhikkhu
O lea, Blaikkhus, o se Bhikkhu Sato. Ma e faapefea, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu SampAjÄjÄ? Iinei, Blaikkhus,
O
lea, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu SampAjajano. Sato e tatau ona e nofo ai,
Blaikkhus, ma Sampjajanos. O lo matou ulufale mai ia te oe.
- Ananda, le masaga o le sala
O
laĘŧau ua fuga atoa, e ui e le o le vaitau o fugalaĘŧau. Ma fugalaĘŧau o
loĘŧo timu i luga o le tino o le Tathamaita ma le lafoaĘŧi ma le
faĘŧataĘŧapeĘŧapeina ma ua afaina ai i le tapuaiga o Tathagiatata. Ma
paepae pasitila ma oneone auro i lalo mai le lagi timu i lalo i luga o
le tino o le Tathagata, ma oso ifo i le tapuaiga o le Taathagata. Ma o
le leo o palota faalelagi ma mea faatonuina faalelagi e faia musika i le
ea mai le migao ia Tathagiata.
E
le o le mea lea, Änandanda, o le sui faĘŧaaloalogia, sa faĘŧafetaiaĘŧia,
ma mafaufau ma faĘŧaaloalo i ai. Ae, Ananda, soĘŧo se Bhikkhu poĘŧo
Bhikkhuni, Laoa poĘŧo PaĘŧu o Dhammamba, o loĘŧo totoe Dhamma’pa,
Simacipanna, o SÄm-1ata.
Ola
e tusa ai ma le Dhamma, o le tasi o itu, e talafeagai, ma e tatau, paga
tagi, ma faaeĘŧe ai le Tathitisaga ma le TathitiGea ma le Tathitigata. O
le mea lea, Änandanda, e tatau ona e toleniina oe lava: ‘O le a matou
tumau ia Dhaham’pamambamasna, o le matua e tusa ai ma le dhaham.
Bhagawan Buddha Fai mai
“Uso
e, e lua nei paga sili ia o le tagata i luga o le auala e tatau ona
aloese mai. O le fea lua? O le tasi o le ulo o ia lava i le fiafia i le
fiafia. O isi foĘŧi o le faĘŧatinoina o faĘŧafitauli e le maua ai le tino o
ona manaĘŧoga. O nei ogaoga o nei ogaoga e taitai atu ai le toilalo.
“Na
ou mauaina le ala, o le ogatotonu lea, e aloese ai mai le malosi e
taĘŧitaĘŧi ai le tasi i le le malamalama i le faĘŧasaĘŧolotoga. O le ala o
tamalii ulu o le malamalama lelei, saĘŧo mafaufauga, tautala saĘŧo,
gaioiga saĘŧo, aia tatau, aia tatau, taumatau lava le faĘŧamaoni. Ua ou
mulimuli lava i lenei ala tamalii lona valu ua ma iloa ai le malamalama,
faafialoto ma le filemu.
O
le muamua o le i ai o puapuaga. Fanau mai, o tausaga ua matua, maĘŧi, ma
le oti ua tigaina. Faanoanoa, ita, lotoleaga, popolega, popole, ma le
fefe, ma le faanoanoa ua mafatia. O le tuueseeseina o le pele o
puapuaga. Aufaigaluega ma i latou e te le fiafia i mafatiaga. Manao,
faĘŧapipiĘŧi, ma pipiimau i vaĘŧaiga toto i le lima.
“Uso, o le upu moni lona lua o loĘŧo faĘŧaalia ai le mafuaĘŧaga o le
mafatia. Ona o le valea, e le mafai e tagata ona iloa le mea moni e uiga
i le olaga, ma i latou i le tele o le manaĘŧo, latou te fuÄ, fuÄ, tiga,
ma le faĘŧanoanoa, ma le faĘŧanoanoa.
“Uso e, o le Unatua lona tolu o le faĘŧamutaina o puapuaga.
Malamalama i le moni o le ola ma le maua o le filemu ma le olioli.
“Uso e, o a le upu moni e fa o le auala e tau atu i le faĘŧamutaina o
puapuaga. O le gafa lona valusefulu na faatoa ou faamatalaina. O le
valusefulu valu auala e fafagaina ai i le olaga ma le mafaufau. Mafaufau
e oĘŧo atu i le maitauina ma le malamalamaaga, ma faĘŧasaolotoina oe mai
tiga ma faanoanoaga uma ma iĘŧu atu i le filemu ma le olioli. O le a ou
taĘŧitaĘŧia oe i lenei ala o le iloaina.
O le fesili mai lea “Mataupu na tupu, na fafaguina ai le le faĘŧaaloalo,
le malamalama na ia te aĘŧu i mea moni e manatu muamua. ‘
“O
le tamalii moni o le faĘŧamalologa o mafatiaga: o le atoa o le faĘŧauiga
& faĘŧamalologa, toe faĘŧamatuĘŧuina atu, tatala, tatala, & ua
tatau ona alu o lena matua naunau. O lenei tamalii moni o le
faĘŧamalologa o mafatiaga ua maeĘŧa ona faĘŧatinoina. Ole mea taua ole upu
moni lea o le ala o faiga masani e tau atu ai i le faĘŧamalologa o
mafatiaga.
“O
le taimi lava e pei lava ona faia e loĘŧu poto ia ma le vaĘŧai e uiga i
mea moni e fa, pei ona ou moni lava, o ona lea na fafauaĘŧi ai lava i le
malosi o le tagata e leĘŧi iloa, mafaufau loloto, Brahmans, o ona Royalty
& Fesuiaiga. Malamalama & VaĘŧai na tulaĘŧi mai ia te aĘŧu: ‘Le le
manuia o laĘŧu tatalaina. O loĘŧu aso mulimuli lea. O lea ua leai nei se
toe faĘŧafouina o le olaga. “
A
o faamatala atu e Siddarha o upu taua o le fa, o tasi o sapekia, na
faĘŧafuaseĘŧi ona lagona e Kondanna se pupula tele i totonu o lona lava
mafaufau. Na mafai ona ia tofo i le faasaĘŧolotoina na ia sailia mo se
taimi umi. Ona foliga o lona mata i le fiafia. Na tusi ia te ia e le
Buddha ia te ia ma tagi, “Kondanna! Ua e mauaina! Ua e mauaina! “
Kondanna
auai i ona alofilima ma punou i luma o sidedharha. Ma le loloto o le
faĘŧaaloalo, na ia tautala ai, “o loĘŧo tauleleia o le vaaama,
faĘŧamolemole talia aĘŧu o lau soĘŧo. Ou te iloa o lau taitaiga, ou te
ausia tele le ala na fagviili. “
O
isi malo e toafa lava na punou i vae o SidDhathathatham, ma au fai o
latou alofilima, ma fai atu ia maua o ni soo. Sa fai mai Sidyharha,
“Uso! O le fanauga a Nuu ua toe aumaia mai ia te aĘŧu le igoa ‘o le
Buddha. ” E mafai foĘŧi ona e valaĘŧau mai ia te aĘŧu i lena igoa pe a e
fiafia i ai. “
O le fesili lea a Kondanna, “e le o le ‘Buddha’ se tasi e fafagu ‘?”
“E saĘŧo, ma latou valaĘŧau mai le ala na ou iloaina ai ‘le ala e fafagu ai.’ O le a sou manatu i lenei igoa?”
“‘O
Le Tagata e Ala’! ‘O le ala e Ala Mai ai’! Matapogofie! Matapogofie! E
moni igoa o nei igoa, ae faigofie lava. O le a matou taĘŧua fiafia ia te
oe le Buddha, ma o le ala na e mauaina le ala e fafagu ai. A o fai sau
tala, ola lava i aso uma mafaufau ma faĘŧamaoni o le faĘŧavae lea o
faĘŧataĘŧitaĘŧiga faaleagaga. ” O le lima tupe e tasi o le tasi le mafaufau
e talia le gaaama o lo latou faiaoga ma valaau ia te ia le Buddha.
Na
ataata le Buddha ia i latou. ” FaĘŧamolemole, tuagane, faĘŧataĘŧitaĘŧi i le
Agaga e tatalaina ma mamanuina, ma i le tolu masina o le a e mauaina le
fua o le faĘŧasaoloto. ”
Nato & Brothers - E TUMAU PEA - FEAT. LEITUALASA PATU (Official Music Video)
Buddha’s lava upu upusii i luga o le auai i luga o le silafia
MahÄ + SativaáđáđhÄáđáđhÄna
Lotu, nofoaga, cates, le tutusa,
Sa i ai
E i ai
Ma le
O le a faaauau pea ona i ai iina!
Dr B.r.ambedkar faititili “autu bharatt badhmay karunga.” (O le a ou faia lenei atunuu buddhist)
Uma
Aborigina Afriging Staties Thusty Thunder Hurtiously “Bm Crapachha
viblocmay karsunge.” (O le a matou faia le lalolagi atoa prabuddha
prapanch
O le a tupu lenei mea
Saolotoga
i luga ole laiga SPEBUDDA CONDELORS i le fafaguina o ana lava upu mo le
manuia, fiafia ma le filemu i le le fiafia e ala i malae inosia, o
elemene, o le iva charnel lotoa, o le vedatata ma citta
Ona
Lotu, tuuga, cates ma le tutusa
O le a le i ai iina!
Tipitika
DN 22 - (D ii 290)
MahÄsatapaáđáđhÄáđáđ STUTA
Auai i le silafia e le Buddha
MahÄ + SativaáđáđhÄáđáđhÄna
O lenei SUTTA ua iloiloina lautele o se faĘŧamatalaga autu mo le mafaufau loloto.
FaĘŧafeiloaĘŧiga
I. Tetee o KÄya
A. vaega i luga o le ÄgapÄna
B. Vaega i luga o le Fale
C. Vaega i luga o SampAjaÃąÃąa
D. vaega i luga o le inosia
E. Vaega i luga o elemene
F. Vaega i luga o le iva charnel lotoa
Ii. Matauina o le veteata
FaĘŧafeiloaĘŧiga
O lea na ou faalogo ai:
I
se tasi taimi, o le Bhagafitimo o loo nofo ai i le Kurus i Kammmasham, o
le maketi maketi o le Kurus. O iina, sa ia talanoa ai i le Bhikkhus:
- bhikkhus.
- Na tali Bhaddante le Bhikkhus. Fai mai le Bhagav
- lenei,
Bhikkhus, o le ala e tau atu i se mea ae o le faĘŧamamaina o
O
tagata, o le manumalo mai o le faĘŧanoanoa ma le gaoi, o le mouese o
Drkkha-DoasAssA, o le mea na maua o le auala saĘŧo, o le taĘŧuina o
NipataáđáđhÄnuna.
Lea e fa?
Nei, Bhikkhus, o le Bhikkhu nofo ai ma le matauina o KÄya i KÄya, uttrapÄŦ
SampAjÄnno, sartima, na tuĘŧuina i luga AbijjhÄ-Domansa agai i le lalolagi.
Na
nofo o ia ma le matauina o veteata i vedanam, uttraÄ, utÄ, sampÄ,
sartima, ua ave i luga AbijjhÄ - Domansa agai i le lalolagi. Na ia nofo
ai ma le matamata i Citta i Citta, RÄtÄrPÄŦ ampajÄ, sartima, na ave i
luga AbijjhÄ-Domansa agai i le lalolagi. Na ia nofo ai ma le vaai i
Dhammatali i Dhahammata, ortrare o Siama agasala, o Stimas, na ia tuuina
atu ia AbijjhÄ - Domanta agai i le lalolagi.
I. KÄyayanaspasstastarta
A. vaega i luga o le ÄgapÄna
Ma le
FaĘŧafefea,
bikkkhus, e nofo ai se Bhikkhu o loĘŧo nofo ai le KÄya i KÄya? O iinei,
Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu, ua alu i le vao pe o le a alu i le aĘŧa o se
laau pe alu i lalo o se potu gaogao, faatulaga kimi o Satako. O le mea
lea sa ia manava i totonu, o le sa i ai i le shoothe o ia. Manava i se
taimi umi na ia malamalama ai: ‘ua ou manava i le umi’; manava ese umi
na te malamalama lelei: ‘Ua ou manava i fafo atu’; manava i pupuĘŧu na ia
malamalama ai: ‘Ua ou manava i le puĘŧupuĘŧu’; Ua fiu le manava ia te ia:
‘O loĘŧo ou manava i le puĘŧupuĘŧu’; Ua ia mauaina o ia lava: ‘Lagona le
KÄya, ou te manavaina’; Ua ia saunia o ia: ‘Lagona le atoĘŧana le pili
atoa o KÄya, o le a ou suÄ’; Ua ia taunuu mai ia lava: ‘Faafilemu le
KÄya-Saáđ khÄraras, o le a ou manavaina i’; Na te aauina o ia lava:
‘Faafilemuina le KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, o le a ou manava atu’.
Na
A
o, Bhikkhus, o se tomai tutoĘŧatasi poĘŧo se tagata antiner, faia umi,
malamalama, malamalama: ‘Ua leva ona ou faia se umi O le mea ou te
puĘŧupuĘŧu ai, e malamalama lava o ia: ‘O lea ua ou faĘŧafaigofie ai’; I le
auala lava e tasi, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu, ma malamalama i ai, ma
malamalama i ai: ‘Ou te mÄnava i le umi,’ ua ou manava umi o ia: manava i
pupuĘŧu na ia malamalama ai: ‘Ua ou manava i le puĘŧupuĘŧu’; Ua fiu le
manava ia te ia: ‘O loĘŧo ou manava i le puĘŧupuĘŧu’; Ua ia mauaina o ia:
‘Lagonaina le atoaga ao nei ou te manavaina’; Ua ia saunia o ia: ‘Lagona
le atoĘŧana le pili atoa o KÄya, o le a ou suÄ’; Ua ia taunuu mai ia
lava: ‘Faafilemu le KÄya-Saáđ khÄraras, o le a ou manavaina i’; Na te
aauina o ia lava: ‘Faafilemuina le KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, o le a ou manava
atu’.
O lea ua nofo ai o ia o loĘŧo matauina KÄya i KÄya I totonu,
pe
sa nofo o ia e matauina KÄya i KÄya i fafo, pe nofo o ia ma le matauina
o KÄhai i KÄya i totonu ma faauma; Na nofo o ia ma le mataituina o
Savdaya o Phenonana i KÄya, po o le nofo ai ma le matauina o le ua maliu
o le adiaya, pe tulieseina o le sadiaya i KÄya; a leai, [o le taimi
nei:] “O KRaya!” O loĘŧo avea Sati ia te ia, i le tele o ia te ia … sa o
Paáđissati, na ia nofo i le faĘŧamalolo, ma ou te le soloia i soo se mea i
le lalolagi. O lea, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu nofo ai ma le matauina o
KÄya i KÄya.
B. IriyÄtapatha Pabba
Ma le isi,
Bhikkhus, o le Bhikkhu, a o le savali, malamalama: ‘O lea ou te savali’, pe
A o tu ia malamalama ia te ia: ‘O lea ou te tu’, pe a o nofo ia te ia
Malamalama
lelei: ‘Ua ou nofo’, pe a o taoto i lalo na ia malamalama i ai: ‘Ua ou
taoto i lalo’. PoĘŧo seisi, i soo se tulaga tulaga o lona kiya o loĘŧo
tuĘŧuina atu, na ia malamalama ai
C. Vaega i luga o SampAjaÃąÃąa
Ma le isi,
bhikkhus,
o se bhikkhu, ao agai atu ma ao malaga ese atu, galue ma sampajaÃąÃąa, ao
tilotilo i luma ma ao tilotilo solo, na te faatinoina ma sampajaÃąÃąa, ao
punou ma ao tosoina, sa ia galue ma sampajaÃąÃąa, ao ofuina le ofu ma le
ofu pito i luga ma e ui o lo o tauaveina le ipu, na te faatinoina ma
sampajaÃąÃąa, ao aai, ao inu, ao le lamuina, ao le tofo, sa ia galue ma
sampajaÃąÃąa, ao auai i le pisinisi o defecating ma urinating, sa ia galue
ma sampajaÃąÃąa, ao savali, ao tu, ao nofo, ao moe, ao le ala, ao talanoa
ma ao le leoa, sa ia galue ma sampajaÃąÃąa.
O le mea lea ua nofo ai o ia o loĘŧo matauina KÄya i KÄya i totonu, pe ia
Dwewlls
matauina KÄya i le KÄya i fafo, pe nofo o ia e matauina KÄya i KÄya i
totonu ma fafo; Na nofo o ia ma le mataituina o Savdaya o Phenonana i
KÄya, po o le nofo ai ma le matauina o le ua maliu o le adiaya, pe
tulieseina o le sadiaya i KÄya; a leai, [o le taimi nei:] “O KRaya!” O
loĘŧo avea Sati ia te ia, i le tele o ia te ia … sa o Paáđissati, na ia
nofo i le faĘŧamalolo, ma ou te le soloia i soo se mea i le lalolagi. O
lea, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu nofo ai ma le matauina o KÄya i KÄya.
D. fuaiupu i Repulsiveness
Ma le isi,
bhikkhus, ua manatu a bhikkhu lenei tino lava, mai le oo ifo i le
vae
i luga ma mai le lauulu i luga o le ulu i lalo, lea o loo delimited i
lona paĘŧu ma tumu i le ituaiga o otaota eseese: “I lenei kÄya, o loo i
ai le lauulu o le ulu, lauulu o le tino, fao, nifo, paĘŧu, tino ,
sooga o ponaivi, ivi, su ivi, fatugaĘŧo, loto, ate, pleura, atepili,
mÄmÄ, loto ona, mesentery, manava ma ona mataupu, feces, bile,
E
pei lava pe afai, bhikkhus, sa i ai se taga i ai avanoa e lua ma tumu i
ituaiga eseese o saito, e pei o mauga Paddy, Paddy, mung pi, povi-pi,
fatu sesame ma le araisa husked. Se tagata i le lelei vaai, ua
tatalaina, o le a mafaufau [ona anotusi]: “O mauga Paddy lenei, o Paddy
lenei, oi latou o ni pi mung, oi latou o ni povi-pi, oi latou o ni fatu
sesame ma ua araisa husked lenei;” i le ala lava e tasi, bhikkhus, o se
bhikkhu manatu lenei tino lava, mai le oo ifo i le vae i luga ma mai le
lauulu i luga o le ulu i lalo,
ua delimited i lona paĘŧu ma tumu i le ituaiga o otaota eseese:
“I lenei kÄya, o loo i ai le lauulu o le ulu, lauulu o le tino,
fao,
nifo, paĘŧu, tino, sooga o ponaivi, ivi, su ivi, fatugaĘŧo, loto, ate,
pleura, atepili, mÄmÄ, loto ona, mesentery, manava ma ona mataupu,
feces, bile, phlegm, alou, toto, afu, gaĘŧo, loimata, gaĘŧo, faua, vavale
nasal, sua ma miaga synovial. “
O le mea lea ua nofo ai o ia o loĘŧo matauina KÄya i KÄya i totonu, pe ia
Dwewlls
matauina KÄya i le KÄya i fafo, pe nofo o ia e matauina KÄya i KÄya i
totonu ma fafo; Na nofo o ia ma le mataituina o Savdaya o Phenonana i
KÄya, po o le nofo ai ma le matauina o le ua maliu o le adiaya, pe
tulieseina o le sadiaya i KÄya; a leai, [o le taimi nei:] “O KRaya!”
sati ua presentin ia te ia, na i le tulaga o le na o Tinamatua ma
paáđissati faatauvaa, o loo afio aveese, ma e le pipii i soo se mea i le
lalolagi. O lea, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu nofo ai ma le matauina o KÄya i
KÄya.
E. Vaega i luga o elemene
Ma le isi,
bhikkhus, o se bhikkhu atagia i lenei kÄya lava, ae peitai ua tuuina,
Peitai e lafoaia: “I lenei kÄya, ei ai le elemene le lalolagi, o le
elemene vai, o le elemene le afi ma le elemene ea. “
E
pei lava, bhikkhus, o se tomai vaivai po o se tagata ‘o loĘŧo aĘŧoaĘŧoina a
vaivai, ina ua fasiotia o se povi, o le a nonofo i se fetaulaiga ala
tipiina ai i fasi; i le ala lava e tasi, bhikkhus, o se bhikkhu atagia
onthis lava kÄya, peitai ua tuuina, peitai e lafoaia: “I thiskÄya, ei ai
le elemene le lalolagi, o le elemene le vai, o le elemene le afi ma le
elemene ea.”
Lea o loo afio o le tausia o kÄya i kÄya mai totonu, po o ia afio le tausia kÄya i kÄya fafo, po o ia afio
tausia
kÄya i kÄya mai totonu ma fafo; Na nofo o ia ma le mataituina o Savdaya
o Phenonana i KÄya, po o le nofo ai ma le matauina o le ua maliu o le
adiaya, pe tulieseina o le sadiaya i KÄya; a leai, [o le taimi nei:] “O
KRaya!” o le taimi nei sati ia te ia, na i le tulaga o le na o Tinamatua
ma paáđissati faatauvaa, o loo afio aveese, ma e le pipii i se mea i le
world.Thus ia afio le tausia kÄya i kÄya;
(1)
Ma le isi,
Bhikkhus,
o se Bhikkhu, e pei lava o loo ia vaaia se tino oti, ou te ua oti, pe
lua aso e oti ai, e faapena foi i se tulaga faapea, o le a avea ai e pei
o lenei mea, ma e le fua fua mai i lenei tulaga. “
O
lea ua nofo ai o ia o loĘŧo matauina KÄya i KÄya I totonu, pe nofo o ia e
matauina KÄya i Kamay o KÄhead KÄA i KERA i Kamay o KÄya i KÄhua i
totonu o KÄya i totonu o KÄya i Kamaya i Kamaya i le KÄya i Kamaya i
Kamaya i Kamaya i Kamaya i le KÄya i Kamaya i Kamaya i KÄya i Kamaya i
Kamaya i Kamaya. Na nofo o ia ma le mataituina o Savdaya o Phenonana i
KÄya, po o le nofo ai ma le matauina o le ua maliu o le adiaya, pe
tulieseina o le sadiaya i KÄya; a leai, [o le taimi nei:] “O KRaya!” O
loĘŧo avea Sati ia te ia, i le tele o ia te ia … sa o Paáđissati, na ia
nofo i le faĘŧamalolo, ma ou te le soloia i soo se mea i le lalolagi. O
lea, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu nofo ai ma le matauina o KÄya i KÄya.
(2)
Ma le isi,
Bhikkhus,
o le Bhikkhu, e pei lava o loo ia vaaia se tino oti, ua ou aai i totonu
o le carnel Tigers, o loĘŧo ‘aina e paneta,’ ai e eseese ituaiga o
tagata, na ia manatunatu ai o KÄnau foĘŧi, o lenei e pei o se tulaga
faĘŧapena, ma e le faĘŧatagaina ai lenei tulaga. “
O
lea ua nofo ai o ia o loĘŧo matauina KÄya i KÄya I totonu, pe nofo o ia e
matauina KÄya i Kamay o KÄhead KÄA i KERA i Kamay o KÄya i KÄhua i
totonu o KÄya i totonu o KÄya i Kamaya i Kamaya i le KÄya i Kamaya i
Kamaya i Kamaya i Kamaya i le KÄya i Kamaya i Kamaya i KÄya i Kamaya i
Kamaya i Kamaya. Na ia nofo ai ma le matauina o le samdaya o phenonana i
KÄya, po o le nofo ai ma le matauina o le ua maliu
pasi
ese le pononana i KÄya; a leai, [o le taimi nei:] “O KRaya!” O loĘŧo
avea Sati ia te ia, i le tele o ia te ia … sa o Paáđissati, na ia nofo i
le faĘŧamalolo, ma ou te le soloia i soo se mea i le lalolagi. O lea,
Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu nofo ai ma le matauina o KÄya i KÄya.
(3)
E
le gata i lea, Blaikkhus, O le Taikkkh, e pei lava o loĘŧo ia vaaia se
tino ua maliu, ona lafo lea o le tino ma le toto, o lenei mea o le kiÄta
e faapena foi uiga, o le a avea e faapei o ia, ma e le saoloto mai se
tulaga. “
O le mea lea ua nofo ai o ia o loĘŧo matauina KÄya i KÄya i totonu, pe ia
Dwewlls
matauina KÄya i le KÄya i fafo, pe nofo o ia e matauina KÄya i KÄya i
totonu ma fafo; Na nofo o ia ma le mataituina o Savdaya o Phenonana i
KÄya, po o le nofo ai ma le matauina o le ua maliu o le adiaya, pe
tulieseina o le sadiaya i KÄya; a leai, [o le taimi nei:] “O KRaya!” O
loĘŧo avea Sati ia te ia, i le tele o ia te ia … sa o Paáđissati, na ia
nofo i le faĘŧamalolo, ma ou te le soloia i soo se mea i le lalolagi. O
lea, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu nofo ai ma le matauina o KÄya i KÄya.
(4)
Ma le isi,
Bhikkhus,
o se Bhikkhu, e pei lava o loo ia vaaia se tino oti, ou te le fiafia i
le toto, na ia manatu o ia o le kiÄti uiga, o le a avea e faapei o ia,
ma e le saoloto mai se tulaga. “
O
lea ua nofo ai o ia o loĘŧo matauina KÄya i KÄya I totonu, pe nofo o ia e
matauina KÄya i Kamay o KÄhead KÄA i KERA i Kamay o KÄya i KÄhua i
totonu o KÄya i totonu o KÄya i Kamaya i Kamaya i le KÄya i Kamaya i
Kamaya i Kamaya i Kamaya i le KÄya i Kamaya i Kamaya i KÄya i Kamaya i
Kamaya i Kamaya. Na nofo o ia ma le mataituina o Savdaya o Phenonana i
KÄya, po o le nofo ai ma le matauina o le ua maliu o le adiaya, pe
tulieseina o le sadiaya i KÄya; a leai, [o le taimi nei:] “O KRaya!” O
loĘŧo avea Sati ia te ia, i le tele o ia te ia … sa o Paáđissati, na ia
nofo i le faĘŧamalolo, ma ou te le soloia i soo se mea i le lalolagi. O
lea, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu nofo ai ma le matauina o KÄya i KÄya.
(5)
E
le gata i lea, BlaikKhus, o le Taika a Bhikkhu, e pei lava o loo ia
vaaia se tino maliu, ou te manatu i le parman, “o lenei KÄya foi na o ia
uiga, o le a avea e faapei o ia, ma e le saoloto mai se tulaga. “
O le mea lea ua nofo ai o ia o loĘŧo matauina KÄya i KÄya i totonu, pe ia
Dwewlls
matauina KÄya i le KÄya i fafo, pe nofo o ia e matauina KÄya i KÄya i
totonu ma fafo; Na nofo o ia ma le mataituina o Savdaya o Phenonana i
KÄya, po o le nofo ai ma le matauina o le ua maliu o le adiaya, pe
tulieseina o le sadiaya i KÄya; a leai, [o le taimi nei:] “O KRaya!” O
loĘŧo avea Sati ia te ia, i le tele o ia te ia … sa o Paáđissati, na ia
nofo i le faĘŧamalolo, ma ou te le soloia i soo se mea i le lalolagi. O
lea, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu nofo ai ma le matauina o KÄya i KÄya.
(6)
E
le gata i lea, Bhikkhus, O le Bhikkh, e pei lava o loo ia vaaia se tino
oti, ou te lafoaĘŧi pono, o loo i ai le ivi, o loo i ai le ponaivi ,
iinei, o le ivi Fun, e iai sona suilapalaese, iinei o le ivi, o se ivi
oona, lea ua manatu o ia, pe i ai se pene : “O lenei KÄti foi lea o se
itu faapea, o le a avea e pei o lenei mea, ma e le saĘŧoloto mai se
tulaga.”
O lea ua nofo
ai o ia o loĘŧo matauina KÄya i KÄya I totonu, pe nofo o ia e matauina
KÄya i Kamay o KÄhead KÄA i KERA i Kamay o KÄya i KÄhua i totonu o KÄya i
totonu o KÄya i Kamaya i Kamaya i le KÄya i Kamaya i Kamaya i Kamaya i
Kamaya i le KÄya i Kamaya i Kamaya i KÄya i Kamaya i Kamaya i Kamaya. Na
nofo o ia ma le mataituina o Savdaya o Phenonana i KÄya, po o le nofo
ai ma le matauina o le ua maliu o le adiaya, pe tulieseina o le sadiaya i
KÄya; a leai, [o le taimi nei:] “O KRaya!” O loĘŧo avea Sati ia te ia, i
le tele o ia te ia … sa o Paáđissati, na ia nofo i le faĘŧamalolo, ma
ou te le soloia i soo se mea i le lalolagi. O lea, Blaikkhus, o le
Bhikkhu nofo ai ma le matauina o KÄya i KÄya.
(7)
Ma le isi, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu, pei lava o ia
vaaia
se tino oti, lafo ese i totonu o le sooupu, na paĘŧepaĘŧe ai ponaivi pei o
se atigi ese, ma e le mafai foi ona tupu mai ia te oe. tulaga. “
(
Ma le isi, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu, pei lava o ia
vaaia
se tino maliu, lafo ese i totonu o le karnel arnel, o le togafitia povi
i luga o le tausaga le matua, na ia manatu e pei o lenei o se tulaga. “
O
lea ua nofo ai o ia o loĘŧo matauina KÄya i KÄya I totonu, pe nofo o ia e
matauina KÄya i Kamay o KÄhead KÄA i KERA i Kamay o KÄya i KÄhua i
totonu o KÄya i totonu o KÄya i Kamaya i Kamaya i le KÄya i Kamaya i
Kamaya i Kamaya i Kamaya i le KÄya i Kamaya i Kamaya i KÄya i Kamaya i
Kamaya i Kamaya. Na nofo o ia ma le mataituina o Savdaya o Phenonana i
KÄya, po o le nofo ai ma le matauina o le ua maliu o le adiaya, pe
tulieseina o le sadiaya i KÄya; a leai, [o le taimi nei:] “O KRaya!” O
loĘŧo avea Sati ia te ia, i le tele o ia te ia … sa o Paáđissati, na ia
nofo i le faĘŧamalolo, ma ou te le soloia i soo se mea i le lalolagi. O
lea, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu nofo ai ma le matauina o KÄya i KÄya.
(9)
Ma le isi, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu, pei lava o ia
vaaia
se tino oti, lafo ese i totonu o le karling eleele, ponaivi fufulu
faaitiitia i le efuefu, o le a e avea ma mea faapenei . “
O
lea ua nofo ai o ia o loĘŧo matauina KÄya i KÄya I totonu, pe nofo o ia e
matauina KÄya i Kamay o KÄhead KÄA i KERA i Kamay o KÄya i KÄhua i
totonu o KÄya i totonu o KÄya i Kamaya i Kamaya i le KÄya i Kamaya i
Kamaya i Kamaya i Kamaya i le KÄya i Kamaya i Kamaya i KÄya i Kamaya i
Kamaya i Kamaya. Na nofo o ia ma le mataituina o Savdaya o Phenonana i
KÄya, po o le nofo ai ma le matauina o le ua maliu o le adiaya, pe
tulieseina o le sadiaya i KÄya; a leai, [o le taimi nei:] “O KRaya!” O
loĘŧo avea Sati ia te ia, i le tele o ia te ia … sa o Paáđissati, na ia
nofo i le faĘŧamalolo, ma ou te le soloia i soo se mea i le lalolagi. O
lea, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu nofo ai ma le matauina o KÄya i KÄya.
Ii. Matauina o le veteata
Ma e le gata i lea, Blaikkhus, e faapefea ona nofo se malae e nofo ai i le sia o le la?
O
iinei, Blaikkhus, o le Bhikkhu, o loo iloa ai se sukha vedatane, i
totonu: “O loo ou oo i ai:” O lea ou te feagai ma le Sukha VdanÄ “;
Aafiaga o le Dukkha vedatarÄ, i totonu:
“O
lea ua ou oo i ai se dukkha vedana”; Iloaina o se Adokkham-anukhmas
vedanam, i totonu: “O lea ou te feagai ma se adukkham-askhÄm vedana”;
Iloaina o le Sukha VdanÄ o Sjamima, o loĘŧo ou feagai ai: “O lea ou te
feagai ma se Sukha VdadalÄ”; Iloaina se Sukha Vedanima Nirmajamama, i
lalo:
“O lea ua ou oo i
le Sukha Vddanama nirimami”; Aafiaga o le Dukkha Vedanarma SÄmuma, “O
loĘŧo ou feagai ma le Vokkha VdadalÄ”; Iloaina o le Dukkha Vedanama
Nirmajamama, “O lo o ou feagai ai: Iloaina o se Adokkham-anukhÄ vedama
sajamima, “O lea ua ou oo i ai le adukkham-anukhÄ-askhÄ vedama o le
vesarÄ”; Aafia o se Adokkham-askhmai vedatama Nortamamia, i lalo: “O lea
ou te feagai ma se Adokkham-askut vertamada”.
O lea ua nofo ai o ia o loĘŧo matauina vedanata i vedanima i totonu,
pe sa nofo o ia ma le matauina o vedatar i vedanita i fafo, pe nofo o ia
matauina vedanita i vedanima i totonu ma fafo; e nofo o ia
‘ua
matauina e Saadaya o Phenonana i Vedanam, pe nofo ai o ia ma le
matauina o le ua maliu i le vednona o le vedanna, pe tulieseina o le
samnonaya ma le alu ese atu o Sadaya; poĘŧo seisi, [moni:] “o le taulaga
lenei!” O loĘŧo avea Sati ia te ia, i le tele o ia te ia … sa o
Paáđissati, na ia nofo i le faĘŧamalolo, ma ou te le soloia i soo se mea i
le lalolagi. O lea, Blaikkhus, O le Bhikkhu nofo ai ma le matauina o
vedanÄ i vedana.
III. Matauina o citta
Ma e le gata i lea, Blaikkhus, e faapefea ona nofo le la i le la o le chikkhu o le citta i citta?
Lenei, Bhikkhus, o le hikkhu malamalama Citta ma le PRAGA o le
“Cituga”, pe malamalama i le CASA “, pe na ia malamalama i le Dosa”
“Citta e aunoa ma Dosa”, pe malamalama ia Citta ma Moha o le “Citta ma
Moha”, pe na malamalama i le CHAD citta pei “o se mea na totoe o le
citta”, pe malamalama o ia i le faĘŧalauteleina o le citta o le “se
faĘŧalauteleina o le citta”, pe malamalama i le citta “, pe malamalama i
ai o le citta”, pe malamalama O le le mautonu o le citta o se “O le le
mautonu Citta”, pe malamalama o ia i le cittad citta o le “o se cittad
citta”, pe Na ia malamalama i le le le mafai ona underta pei “o se uni
Tusi i Citta “.
Ona
nofo lea o ia i le aitia o lotoa i totonu o CITHA i totonu, pe o nofo i
le citta i Citta i fafo, pe malolo o ia ma le citta i citta i totonu o
citta. Na nofo o ia ma le mataituina o le savÄ o satenana i citta, pe
nofo ai o ia ma le matauina o le ua maliu i le chenomena i cheodaya ma
tulieseina o le samoa i cheonaya i cheonaya i chenome; pe leai, [moni:]
“o le citta lenei!” O loĘŧo avea Sati ia te ia, i le tele o ia te ia …
sa o Paáđissati, na ia nofo i le faĘŧamalolo, ma ou te le soloia i soo se
mea i le lalolagi. O lea, Blaikkhus, O le Bhikkhu nofo ai ma le matauina
o Citta i Citta.
Suiza Italiana: Lugano, Ascona y Morcote - Vistas espectaculares
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Rodeado
por varias montaÃąas de vistas panorÃĄmicas, encontramos a Lugano, Ascona
y Morcote. El casco antiguo cerrado al trÃĄfico, los numerosos edificios
al estilo lombardo, museos exclusivos, las montaÃąas, el lago y un
calendario repleto de espectÃĄculos invitan a visitar y disfrutar al
dolcefarniente. Gracias al clima suave. Lugano representa la huella de
lo italiano. La capital financiera del cantÃģn de Tesino, desprende por
todos sus poros un aroma italiano.
Rodeado
por varias montaÃąas de vistas panorÃĄmicas, encontramos a Lugano, Ascona
y Morcote. El casco antiguo cerrado al trÃĄfico, los numerosos edificios
al es…
George
McLaurin, the first black man admitted to the University of Oklahoma in
1948, was forced to sit in a corner away from his whites. But his name
remains on the honor list as one of the top three students in the
university. Here’s his words: âēâē Some colleagues looked at me like I was
an animal, no one gave me a word, the masters seemed to be there for
me, and didn’t take my questions. But I devoted myself so much that
afterwards they started looking for me to explain and clarify their
questions “.
âēâē The only weapon capable of transforming the world… is EDUCATION âēâē
Happy to see work progressing for renovating Rohni Buddha Vihara. Wish all Buddhists Donate Liberally for the Good Cause.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One Let us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space.
Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
propagate
to grow vegetables such as broccoli. Chilli, cucumber, carrots, beans
and dwarf fruit trees in pots and all over the planet Amudha Surabhi
good earth to overcome hunger the worst kind of illness for happiness,
welfare and peace for all societies to attain eternal bliss.
E-book- DO GOOD PURIFY MIND ATTAIN ETERNAL BLISS KUSHINARA …
Search domain sarvajan.ambedkar.org
sarvajan.ambedkar.org/index.php?s=buddharakkhita
Let’s
be part of such programmes and also support Hunger is the worst kind of
illness said Awakened One Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber
Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in
Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as
Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention. as E-book- DO GOOD PURIFY MIND ATTAIN ETERNAL BLISS KUSHINARA …
Search domain sarvajan.ambedkar.org
sarvajan.ambedkar.org/index.php?s=sorry
LESSON
4029 Tue 13 Jul 2021 Do Good Purify Mind Attain Eternal Bliss Overcome
the worst Illness - Buddha. Plant raw Vegan Broccoli, peppers,
cucumbers, carrots, beans vegetables, Dwarf fruit trees in pots
and all over the world and in Space to eat like birds as planned by
NASA, British billionaire Richard Branson flew into space … E-book- DO GOOD PURIFY MIND ATTAIN ETERNAL BLISS KUSHINARA … Search domain sarvajan.ambedkar.orgsarvajan.ambedkar.org/index.php?s=kassapa Do
Good Purify Mind Attain Eternal Bliss. Overcome Hunger Illness as said
by Buddha. Let’s plant vegetables in pots and all over the world. Entire
Earth is Amudha SURABI of Manimegalai. Ashoka planted fruit bearing
trees all over his empire. Awakened Ashoka Manimegalai (AAM Fellow) 30)
Classical English,Roman, All are kings of this world. 10. sarvajan.ambedkar.org
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sarvajan.ambedkar.org/index.php?s=dhatu
Saya
akan menguraikan wacana tentang Dhamma yang disebut DhammÄdÄsa, yang
dimiliki di mana AriyasÄvaka, jika dia begitu keinginan, dapat
menyatakan dirinya sendiri: ‘Bagi say
http://sarvajan.ambedkar.org âš … Web results Buddha Vacana - E-book- DO GOOD PURIFY MIND ATTAIN ETERNAL … Hunger
is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One. Do Good. … Cucumber
Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world …
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What is Vipassana - E-book- DO GOOD PURIFY MIND ATTAIN …
Results 1 - 16 of 2000+ â Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees
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Sow
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propagate
to grow vegetables such as broccoli. Chilli, cucumber, carrots, beans
and dwarf fruit trees in pots and all over the planet Amudha Surabhi
good earth to overcome hunger the worst kind of illness for happiness,
welfare and peace for all societies to attain eternal bliss.
E-book- DO GOOD PURIFY MIND ATTAIN ETERNAL BLISS KUSHINARA … Search domain
sarvajan.ambedkar.orgsarvajan.ambedkar.org/index.php?s=buddharakkhita Let’s
be part of such programmes and also support Hunger is the worst kind of
illness said Awakened One Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber
Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in
Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as
Final Goal.- Universal âĶ propagate to grow vegetables such as
broccoli. Chilli, cucumber, carrots, beans and dwarf fruit trees in pots
and all over the planet Amudha Surabhi good earth to overcome hunger
the worst kind of illness for happiness, welfare and peace for all
societies to attain eternal bliss.
She co-founded Shramik Mukti Dal along with husband and activist Bharat Patankar
Researcher, author and one of the intellectual voices of the Bahujan movement Gail Omvedt passed away on Wednesday. She was 81.
Dr. Omvedt was an American-born Indian scholar who authored books on
Aboriginal SC/STs politics, womenâs struggle and anti-caste movement. She also
participated in various peopleâs movements, including the one for the
rights of people displaced due to the Koyna Dam.
She co-founded Shramik Mukti Dal along with her husband and activist
Bharat Patankar. The coupleâs daughter, son-in-law and granddaughter are
settled in the U.S.
âDr. Gail Omvedt not only contributed as a researcher in social
movements, saintsâ literature, traditions but also actively participated
in movements for rights of women, deprived sections. She will remain as
a scholar who became an integral part of society,â
As a college student in the U.S., Ms. Omvedt was part of the anti-war
movement there. She visited India during her doctoral research work to
study social movements here and studied the work of Mahatma Phule. Her
thesis was on âNon-Brahmin Movement in Western Prabuddha Bharatâ.
After deciding to live in India, her association with veteran social
worker Indutai Patankar led to her studying and participating in womenâs
struggles.
Omvedt authored over 25 books, including In Colonial Society â
Non-Brahmin Movement in Western India, Seeking Begampura, Buddhism in
Prabuddha Bharat, Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar, Mahatma Phule, Aboriginal SC/STs and the Democratic
Revolution, Understanding Caste, We Will Smash the Prison and New Social
Movement in Prabuddha Bharat.
She was the head of Phule-Ambedkar chair in Pune university, department
of sociology; professor at the Institute of Asian studies, Copenhegan;
Nehru Memorial Museum and Library in New Delhi among others.
The last rites will be conducted on Thursday at Kasegaon in Sangli district.
Feminist thinker Gail Omved, who spread Ambedkarism and Buddhist thought worldwide through her writings, was a naturalist.
Born in the United States, she chose her spouse in India and lived in the state of Maharashtra.
Her contribution to Marathi Aboriginal SC/STs literature is immense.
Manyavar
Kanshi Ram used to say in his cadre camps, âThe people whose
non-political roots are not strong cannot succeed politicallyâ. It is in
this context that Manyavar started constructing the history of
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/Religious Minorities society. The only available
history he found was history of SC/STs/OBCs/Religious Minorities
exploitation and their struggle against it.
Kanshi
Ram, most lovingly referred and remembered as Saheb (in Maharashtra) or
Sahab (in North India) or as Manyavar among his followers, remains an
unsung hero of the Bahujan samaj. He remained an enigmatic personality
throughout the 1980s and â90s when he played the most significant role
in Prabuddha Bharatâs post-independence politics. It is believed by many
that he proved that the politics of the socially marginalized and poor
people can succeed without the help of the literate, intellectuals,
urban gentry and the business houses. He single-handedly changed
mainstream politics of the most populous state of Uttar Pradesh and,
thereby, of Prabuddha Bharatian polity itself.
An Organic Leader Without Structural Support
A
simple man away from show and pomp, Kanshi Ram was an organic leader
who had struck a chord with the excluded and the oppressed. He was not a
leader imposed on the masses from above just because he was born in a
family of politicians or to parents of high caste or class. He was not
from a twice-born caste like Gandhi, Nehru, Tagore, Sarvapalli
Radhakrishnan to name just a few. Neither had he the support of the
chitpavan brahmanical social structure. Rather, he arose from a humble
background â a Ramdasia (Chamars converted to Sikhism) family of Ropar
in Punjab who vehemently criticised and condemned the brahmanical social
order. He categorically divided Prabuddha Bharatian society in two
broader categories â Manuvadis (believers of Manuâs Dharmashastra)
constituting 15 per cent of the Indiaâs population and the Bahujans with
a majority 85 per cent who were the victims of Manu Dharmashastra. That
is why he gave a slogan âThakur chitpavan brahmin Baniya Chhod: Baki
Sab hai DS-4â (Except for Kshatriyas, chitpavan brahmins and Vaishyas,
all are members of the exploited Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/Religious
Minorities social struggle committee).
He
was neither foreign educated, nor a great intellectual, nor a great
orator but, of course, an organizer par excellence. He knew his audience
and hence used very simple language and repeated sentences. His appeal
to the masses can be judged by the huge crowds at his rallies. People
who attended his rallies were not charmed by his money or gifts, but had
faith in him and were convinced by the future he dreamt of. Hence it is
more important to recognize his achievements as an individual, which
are more genuine than that of so many of the so-called upper-caste
leaders.
Carving Out History and Pantheon of Leaders
Manyavar
Kanshi Ram used to say in his cadre camps, âThe people whose
non-political roots are not strong cannot succeed politicallyâ. It is in
this context that Manyavar started constructing the history of
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/Religious Minorities society. The only available
history he found was history of Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/Religious
Minorities exploitation and their struggle against it. He had himself
written that, âAs victims of the chitpavan brahminical culture, for
centuries, the Shudras and Ati-Shudras, now known as Backward Classes
(SC, ST, and OBC) were passing through the Dark Age. Around 1848 Jotirao
Phule initiated a revolt against the chitpavan brahminical culture.â He
further wrote, âFrom the beginning of the 20th century the oppressed
and exploited communities all over Prabuddha Bharat started revolting
against the system of which they were victims for centuries. A look at
the map of India from the North-west to the North-east and then to the
South will indicate a fair sprinkling of the revolt in every nook and
corner of the country.
Along
with the history of the struggle of Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/Religious
Minorities the Manyavar also traced a pantheon of Bahujan leaders who
revolted against the chitpavan brahmanical social order in different
parts of the country. Five social reformers, who were born in the
Bahujan society and revolted against the chitpavan brahminical social
order were Mahatma Jotiba Phule (Maharashtra), Narayna Guru (Kerala),
Rajarishi Sahuji Maharaj (Maharashtra), Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar
(Maharashtra) and E.V. Ramasami Naicker âPeriyarâ (Tamil Nadu). To
popularize these five great leaders, he used the local language by
referring to them as Pagriwala Baba (Old man with a turban) for Phule,
Phetewala or Achkanwala Baba (man with a fluffy turban and gown for
Sahuji Maharaj, Tiewala Baba (man with a neck-tie) for Ambedkar and
Dadiwala Baba (man with a beard) for Periyar. In this way Manyavar
Kanshi Ram created an unbroken history of the Bahujan struggle. When his
movement spread to the nooks and corners of Prabuddha Bharat, he added
Birsa Munda, the tribal leader from the Munda Tribe of Jharkhand. He
also added Guru Ghasi Das in Madhya Pradesh.
Filling the Void of the Bahujan Media
Along
with constructing a continuous history of 158 years of Bahujan
struggle, which began in 1848 with Jotiba Phule, and constituting a
pantheon of Bahujan leaders, Kanshi Ram tried to establish a parallel
Bahujan media to mobilize the masses. He dubbed the mainstream media as
Manuwadi PRESSTITUTE. Therefore, he started publishing his own magazines
and newspapers. The Untouchable Prabuddha Bharat, a fortnightly, was
the first magazine published on 1 June 1972. Since 1979, he along with
BAMCEF published the monthly magazine The Oppressed Prabuddha Bharatian.
Kanshi Ram himself wrote the editorials of this magazine. Bahujan Times
was the Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/Religious Minorities daily newspaper
started on 31 March 1984 in Marathi, 14 August 1984 in English and on 6
December 1984 in Hindi. These papers were simultaneously started from
New Delhi and Maharashtra. In fact, the Manyavar had also started
publishing monthlies with the titles Bahujan Sahitya, Shramik Sahitya,
Economic Upsurge, Arthik Utthan, and B R C Bulletin to raise the
different issues of the Bahujans. These magazines and newspapers died
out because of failing finances and fading readership. Bahujan Sangathak
and Bahujan Nayak were two weeklies published in Hindi and Marathi
respectively from New Delhi and Maharashtra. Bahujan Sangathak continued
for many years even after Kanshi Ramâs demise. These Bahujan media did
help in raising Bahujan consciousness.
A Democrat to the Core
A
democrat to the core Kanshi Ram believed in democratic values and
constitutional processes. He was convinced of the power of political
elections and voting rights to Bahujans which have been enshrined in the
constitution. He believed that the right to vote with âone man-one vote
and one vote-one valueâ is a valuable equalizer. However this can help
only when âyou learn to use it meticulouslyâ. So he taught his cadres
the judicious use of their votes by even going on fast on the day of
voting. It is toward the realization of political power for every last
person of the caste ridden Prabuddha Bharatian society, Kanshi Ram
argued, that political power is the master key with which solve all
problems and therefore he formed democratic organizations to mobilize
his people.
Recognizing the Dynamism of Kanshi Ramâs movement
Kanshi
Ramâs movement was dynamic in nature. He perpetually experimented by
mobilizing people and envisaging a larger goal for his movement by
incorporating more and more people in it. He politically socialized them
by forming different types of organizations, in his cadre camps which
used to run for days and by organizing political programmes which used
to run for months. Dynamics can be observed in the formation of
organizations. He began by organizing the Scheduled Castes (SC) and
Scheduled tribes (ST) employees in a small district of Maharashtra that
is Poona (now Pune) in 1971. He then added Other Backward Classes (OBC)
and âConverted Religious Minoritiesâ to these SCs and STs under the
umbrella of Backward and Minorities Communities Employeesâ Federation
(BAMCEF) in 1978 at the national level. In 1981, Kanshi Ram established a
separate organization called (DS-4) for mobilizing the Bahujan samaj
through which he tested the political strength of the Bahujan samaj.
Finally, he launched a political party called Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP)
on 14 April 1984. In this manner he moved from a non-political,
non-agitational and non-religious organization BAMCEF to a limited
political and agitational agenda of DS-4 to BSP with an overt political
agenda.
His
politics ranged from independent mobilization to alliance to coalition
politics. Through the BSP he weaned out Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/Religious
Minorities from the fold of the Congress (I) by establishing an
alliance with OBCs, religious minorities and some so-called upper castes
independently on his own. Initially it came to power in alliance with
the Samajwadi Party (1993), once with outside support of the Bharatiya
Janata Party (BJP) in June 1995, once (1997) forming coalition
government with the BJP, the chief ministerâs alternating every
six-months between the two parties. Twice it has come to power on its
own (2003) and 2007, the second time for a full five-year term.
However,
it never looked that the BSP was not in control of the political
situation and that it had compromised its ideological position.
Throughout its regimes, Uttar Pradesh remained free from communal
frenzy. Not a mean achievement in an otherwise communally sensitive
state, witnessed before and since Mayawati as CM. Nobody could have
imagined this scenario 25 years ago, that by his organizational strength
and political mobilization Kanshi Ram would relegate the two national
political parties in Uttar Pradesh to the political periphery and
establish the BSP as a national political party.
The Real Heir of Babasaheb Ambedkar
From
his life and struggle one can definitely establish that Kanshi Ram was
the true inheritor of Babasahebâs legacy; however, Manyavar himself
always argued that he was only giving a âpractical shape to Babasahebâs
theoretical formulation and in turn trying to fulfil the unfinished
movement of Babasahebâ. The way he popularized his ideas, particularly
the emphasis on the capture of political power by the Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/Religious Minorities and erstwhile servile classes, the way
he took forward his anti-congressism and propagated independent
movements both social and political, established parallel media, etc.,
establishes him as the real heir of Babasaheb. The following slogans
framed by the cadres of BSP tell how people had pinned their hopes in
him to fulfil Ambedkarâs dream:
Baba Tera Mission Adhura
Kanshi Ram Karega Pura
(Babasaheb, Kanshi Ram will complete your
unfulfilled mission).
Kanshi Teri Nek Kamai
Tune Soti Qaum Jagai
(Kanshi Ram, you have done good job by waking
up the sleeping community.)
To
conclude, Manyavar Kanshi Ram had set out with an agenda of social
transformation and economic emancipation of Bahujan samaj through a
democratic revolution. He succeeded to a large extent by organizing a
good part of 85 per cent of the Prabuddha Bharatian population. The
comprehensive nature of his accomplishment can be judged by the success
of his endeavour in creating of a history of Bahujan struggle,
successful Bahujan political organization and in the definition of the
Manuwadis as the âOtherâ against whom Bahujans can battle. By doing all
this he has successfully challenged the upper-caste political hegemony
and has strengthened Indian democracy. Long live the legacy of Kanshi
Ram!
This
information will also be published. If there is online cadre camp
programme of Manyavar Kanshi Ram Ji we could propagate in such social
media. I wish to humbly submit that this issue was discussed with our
great political Reformer Manyavar Kanshi Ram Ji who suggested to start from our Karnataka unit.
B Chandrashekar
Former employ of BSLN & Senior BAMCEF Activists.
MEETING OF ALL THE SENIOR AND OLD ACTIVISTS OF BAMCEF.
Dear friends, Jai Bhim.
I
hope that you must be aware of the recent positive developments in our
movement at the state and national level. One such important welcoming
development is that of Mr. Praveen Kumar IPS, who took volunteer
retirement and joined our party in Telangana State. Followed by this
development, thousands of Bahujan employees started taking active role
in building the roots of our movement. Inspired by this historic event
many of our old BAMCEF missionaries have come forward to work together
in our State also, In this connection, I am very glad to invite you for a
meeting of all our old and devoted missioneries on August 29, 2021 at
10 am in JAIBHIM BHAVAN, lalbagh road , B’lore-27.
Chief Guests:
Mr. Marasandra Muniyappa, State Coordinator
Mr. Gopinath, State Coordinator
Mr. Krishnamurthy, State President
Mr. Mahadevaiah,
State Coordinator of BAMCEF.
We are eager to meet all our friends. Please attend the meeting without fail.
Jai Bhim, Jai Bharath.
Thanking you,
Yours truly
B. CHANDRASHEKAR
Since
now I am in Tambaram Chennai, I will not be able to attend the meeting
on 29-8-2021. Proceedings may be sent to WhatsApp to be published to all
our supporters.
Jai
Bhim kid The initial struggle of OBCs was for representation in
education & services. That’s why they did not take lead in
Babasaheb’s political struggle in 1930-50. Mandal movement had helped
only the Manuvadis. But now, OBC’s caste-census demand is taking
political shape.
Kanshi Ram: The Bahujan Nayak of âPrabudha Bharat’s Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/Religious Minorities Movement
The Quint
3.15M subscribers
Kanshi
Ram is considered as the second biggest name of the Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/Religious Minorities Movement in Pranbuddha Bharatâs
political landscape, after Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar.
Happy to see work progressing for renovating Rohni Buddha Vihara. Wish all Buddhists Donate Liberally for the Good Cause.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Let us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
SiddhÄrtha Gautama crossed this river in his return to Kapilavastu
The
Rohni or Rohini or Rohin River rises in the Chure or Siwalik Hills in
Kapilvastu and Rupandehi Districts of Nepal’s Lumbini Zone and flows
south into Uttar Pradesh state, Prabuddha Bhart. At Gorakhpur it becomes
a left bank tributary of West Rapti River, which in turn joins the
GhÄghara above Gaura Barhaj, then Ghaghara in turn joins the Ganges.
Kapilavatthu
(the town of the Sakyans) and Koli (the town of the Koliyans) were
situated on either side of the Rohini river. The cultivators of both
towns worked the fields watered by the Rohini river. One year, they did
not have enough rain and finding that the paddy and other crops were
beginning to shrivel up, cultivators on both sides wanted to divert the
water from the Rohini river to their own fields. Those living in Koli
said that there was not enough water in the river for both sides, and
that if only they could channel the water just once more to their fields
that would be enough for the paddy to mature and ripen. On the other
hand, people from Kapilavatthu argued that, in that case, they would be
denied the use of the water and their crops would surely fail, and they
would be compelled to buy from other people. They said that they were
not prepared to go carrying their money and valuables to the opposite
bank of the river in exchange for food. Both sides wanted the water for
their own use only and there was much ill will between them due to
abusive language and accusations on both sides. The quarrel that started
between the cultivators came to the ears of the ministers concerned,
and they reported the matter to their respective rulers, and both sides
prepared to go to war.
Looking
at the unending dispute between these groups, the rulers decided to
settle it for all time and decided to go to war. The chief commander of
Sakya kingdom proposed that war is the only ultimate solution for the
dispute. Ambedkar mentions what the commander said
Our
people have been attacked by the Koliyas and they had to retreat. Such
acts of aggression by the Koliyas have taken place more than once. We
have tolerated them so far. But this cannot go on. It must be stopped
and the only way to stop it is to declare war against the Koliyas. I
propose that the Sangh declare war on the Koliyas. Those who wish to
oppose speak.
While everybody was hesitant to speak on the matter Siddhartha Gautama spoke against the war. He said (Ibid):
I
oppose this resolution. War does not solve any question. Waging a war
will not serve our purpose. It will sow the seeds of another war. The
slayer gets a slayer in his turn; the conqueror gets one who conquers
him; a man who despoils is despoiled in his turn.
Since
both parties were involved in the dispute, he suggested that it is
possible to talk to each party. So blaming anyone is only creating
trouble. Instead of war, Gautama proposed that they could select certain
members from both the parties and settle the dispute. The Commander
opposed the proposed solution and then the Sangha went on to vote to
come to a common decision. Siddhartha’s solution lost the ground as the
majority opposed the idea. Noting the result of the vote he again
revolted and said, “I beg the Sangha not to accept the resolution. The
Sakyas and the Koliyas are close relations. It is unwise that they
should destroy each other”
Again
opposing Siddhartha, the Senapati brought out the idea of the dharma of
Kshatriyas, saying that it is to fight for the sake of their kingdom,
just as the dharma of the Brahmins was to perform rituals, Vaishyas to
do business and Shudras to provide services. Siddhartha opposed this
idea and said that, as he understood the Dharma, enmity will never be
resolved by enmity. There were suggestions on whether Siddhartha should
be hanged, or sent to exile or his family should be boycotted.
Siddhartha requested them not to boycott his family socially and instead
give him whatever punishment. The Sangha did not hang him or give him
exile because it would have needed the permission of the King of Kosala.
So they decided to send Siddhartha away from his home. To avoid
difficulty Siddhartha himself chose to become Parivrajaka and left the
country. Siddhartha convinced the Sangha that it is a kind of exile too,
disappearing from home, never to return.
While
BJP government is obsessed with war to divert all attention of the
country from their failures, it is necessary for our people to not only
stay away from such government’s lies but also to speak against such
ideas of war and hate. Without touching the real problem, and never
bringing out solutions, the ruling castes i.e. Brahman and Baniya, try
to encash everything to further their political careers. We Dalit
Bahujans, as oppressed communities, must initiate the debate, which is
time and again buried by the ruling castes to satisfy the conscience of
majority Hindus. We must initiate the debate which Babasaheb had spoken
about without any fear, and the debate is the solution of Kashmir. The
government is misleading the nation in the name of terror and has
created a war-like situation. In a situation where warmongers like BJP,
RSS, and its allies provoke, create much false propaganda through media,
we Dalit Bahujans must remember that our war is against Brahmanism,
caste, and exploitation by upper castes.
Living
are not those who will fight against their enemy with destruction,
violence, and hate, but living are those who will win the world with the
idea of compassion and friendship are the lies uttered by Modi in front
of thousands of people including Buddhist monks and nuns in Delhi. The
same Modi and his government are waging war against Muslims, SC/STs,
Adivasis, and OBCs in the name of naxalism, in the name of nationalism,
in the name of the cow, and in the name of terrorism. Now BJP, RSS, and
their warmongering allies are creating a war-like situation between
Prabuddha Bharat and Pakistan. In this context, our people must not fall
in their trap. War on another territory is never in our history. In
fact, starting from Buddha to the Ambedkar, all have spoken against war
as a solution to any problem. It is important to remember that our
people have fought against warmongers in their life. This is a short
note on how the idea against war is very old in the egalitarian
philosophy of our history.
During
the 2007â2008 floods, after the nearby dam broke an estimated 28â35
people died when an overloaded rescue boat capsized on the flooded Rohni
River at Harakhpura village of Maharajganj, Uttar Pradesh. There were
an estimated 85â90 passengers aboard the boat, which was only rated for
30 occupants. Most were women and children
SiddhÄrtha Gautama crossed this river in his return to Kapilavastu
The
Rohni or Rohini or Rohin River rises in the Chure or Siwalik Hills in
Kapilvastu and Rupandehi Districts of Nepal’s Lumbini Zone and flows
south into Uttar Pradesh state, Prabuddha Bhart. At Gorakhpur it becomes
a left bank tributary of West Rapti River, which in turn joins the
GhÄghara above Gaura Barhaj, then Ghaghara in turn joins the Ganges.
Kapilavatthu
(the town of the Sakyans) and Koli (the town of the Koliyans) were
situated on either side of the Rohini river. The cultivators of both
towns worked the fields watered by the Rohini river. One year, they did
not have enough rain and finding that the paddy and other crops were
beginning to shrivel up, cultivators on both sides wanted to divert the
water from the Rohini river to their own fields. Those living in Koli
said that there was not enough water in the river for both sides, and
that if only they could channel the water just once more to their fields
that would be enough for the paddy to mature and ripen. On the other
hand, people from Kapilavatthu argued that, in that case, they would be
denied the use of the water and their crops would surely fail, and they
would be compelled to buy from other people. They said that they were
not prepared to go carrying their money and valuables to the opposite
bank of the river in exchange for food. Both sides wanted the water for
their own use only and there was much ill will between them due to
abusive language and accusations on both sides. The quarrel that started
between the cultivators came to the ears of the ministers concerned,
and they reported the matter to their respective rulers, and both sides
prepared to go to war.
Looking
at the unending dispute between these groups, the rulers decided to
settle it for all time and decided to go to war. The chief commander of
Sakya kingdom proposed that war is the only ultimate solution for the
dispute. Ambedkar mentions what the commander said
Our
people have been attacked by the Koliyas and they had to retreat. Such
acts of aggression by the Koliyas have taken place more than once. We
have tolerated them so far. But this cannot go on. It must be stopped
and the only way to stop it is to declare war against the Koliyas. I
propose that the Sangh declare war on the Koliyas. Those who wish to
oppose speak.
While everybody was hesitant to speak on the matter Siddhartha Gautama spoke against the war. He said (Ibid):
I
oppose this resolution. War does not solve any question. Waging a war
will not serve our purpose. It will sow the seeds of another war. The
slayer gets a slayer in his turn; the conqueror gets one who conquers
him; a man who despoils is despoiled in his turn.
Since
both parties were involved in the dispute, he suggested that it is
possible to talk to each party. So blaming anyone is only creating
trouble. Instead of war, Gautama proposed that they could select certain
members from both the parties and settle the dispute. The Commander
opposed the proposed solution and then the Sangha went on to vote to
come to a common decision. Siddhartha’s solution lost the ground as the
majority opposed the idea. Noting the result of the vote he again
revolted and said, “I beg the Sangha not to accept the resolution. The
Sakyas and the Koliyas are close relations. It is unwise that they
should destroy each other”
Again
opposing Siddhartha, the Senapati brought out the idea of the dharma of
Kshatriyas, saying that it is to fight for the sake of their kingdom,
just as the dharma of the Brahmins was to perform rituals, Vaishyas to
do business and Shudras to provide services. Siddhartha opposed this
idea and said that, as he understood the Dharma, enmity will never be
resolved by enmity. There were suggestions on whether Siddhartha should
be hanged, or sent to exile or his family should be boycotted.
Siddhartha requested them not to boycott his family socially and instead
give him whatever punishment. The Sangha did not hang him or give him
exile because it would have needed the permission of the King of Kosala.
So they decided to send Siddhartha away from his home. To avoid
difficulty Siddhartha himself chose to become Parivrajaka and left the
country. Siddhartha convinced the Sangha that it is a kind of exile too,
disappearing from home, never to return.
While
BJP government is obsessed with war to divert all attention of the
country from their failures, it is necessary for our people to not only
stay away from such government’s lies but also to speak against such
ideas of war and hate. Without touching the real problem, and never
bringing out solutions, the ruling castes i.e. Brahman and Baniya, try
to encash everything to further their political careers. We Dalit
Bahujans, as oppressed communities, must initiate the debate, which is
time and again buried by the ruling castes to satisfy the conscience of
majority Hindus. We must initiate the debate which Babasaheb had spoken
about without any fear, and the debate is the solution of Kashmir. The
government is misleading the nation in the name of terror and has
created a war-like situation. In a situation where warmongers like BJP,
RSS, and its allies provoke, create much false propaganda through media,
we Dalit Bahujans must remember that our war is against Brahmanism,
caste, and exploitation by upper castes.
Living
are not those who will fight against their enemy with destruction,
violence, and hate, but living are those who will win the world with the
idea of compassion and friendship are the lies uttered by Modi in front
of thousands of people including Buddhist monks and nuns in Delhi. The
same Modi and his government are waging war against Muslims, SC/STs,
Adivasis, and OBCs in the name of naxalism, in the name of nationalism,
in the name of the cow, and in the name of terrorism. Now BJP, RSS, and
their warmongering allies are creating a war-like situation between
Prabuddha Bharat and Pakistan. In this context, our people must not fall
in their trap. War on another territory is never in our history. In
fact, starting from Buddha to the Ambedkar, all have spoken against war
as a solution to any problem. It is important to remember that our
people have fought against warmongers in their life. This is a short
note on how the idea against war is very old in the egalitarian
philosophy of our history.
During
the 2007â2008 floods, after the nearby dam broke an estimated 28â35
people died when an overloaded rescue boat capsized on the flooded Rohni
River at Harakhpura village of Maharajganj, Uttar Pradesh. There were
an estimated 85â90 passengers aboard the boat, which was only rated for
30 occupants. Most were women and children
Happy to see work progressing for renovating Rohni Buddha Vihara. Wish all Buddhists Donate Liberally for the Good Cause.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Let
us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber
Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the
world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to
Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals
Convention.
Paticcasamuppada
(the Law of Dependent Origination) is fundamental to the teaching of
the Buddha. Emphasizing its importance, the Buddha said :
Yo paticcasamuppadam passati,
so Dhammam passati.
Yo Dhammam passati,
so paticcasamuppadam passati. (1)
One who sees paticcasamuppada
sees the Dhamma.
One who sees the Dhamma
sees paticcasamuppada..
Paticcasamuppada
explains that samsara, the process of repeated existences, is
perpetuated by a chain of interconnected links of cause and effect ; it
also reveals the way of breaking this chain and putting an end to the
process. Man has been continuing in this Samsara since millenia -
through countless aeons-millenia upon millenia.
The Buddha said:
Tanhadutiyo puriso,
dighamaddhana samsaram
Itthabhavannathabhavam,
samsaram nativattati. (2)
The
man with craving as his companion has been flowing in the stream of
repeated existences from time immemorial. He comes into being,
experiences various types of miseries, dies again and again, and does
not put an end to this unbroken process of becoming.
This is samsara, the world of suffering, as explained by the Buddha. He further said:
Etamadinavam natva,
tanham dukkhassa sambhavam
Vitatanho anadano,
sato bhikkhu paribbaje. (3)
Rightly
understanding the perils of this process, realizing fully craving as
its cause, becoming free from craving and attachment, one should
mindfully lead the life of detachment.
Such an approach, he said, will have great benefit:
Nandi-samyojano loko,
vitakkassa vicaranam
Tanhaya vippahanena,
nibbanam iti vuccati. (4)
Pleasure
is the binding force in the world. Rolling thought processes are its
ever-changing base. With the complete eradication of craving, The state
called nibbana is attained.
These
statements made by the Buddha describe the nature of samsara, the state
of suffering, and the nature of Nibbana, the state of final
emancipation. But how can detachment be developed, and craving
eradicated?
This
is the practical aspect of Dhamma discovered by Siddhartha Gotama, the
realization that made him a Buddha (enlightened one), and that he in
turn revealed to the world by the doctrine of Paticcasamuppada.
According to this doctrine, twelve links form the wheel of becoming (bhava-cakka).
Paticca-samuppada
Anuloma
Avijja-paccaya sankhara;
sankhara-paccaya vinnanam;
vinnana-paccaya nama-rupam;
nama-rupa-paccaya salayatanam;
salayatana-paccaya phasso;
phassa-paccaya vedana;
vedana-paccaya tanha;
tanha-paccaya upadanam;
upadana-paccaya bhavo;
bhava-paccaya jati;
jati-paccaya jara-maranam
soka-parideva-dukha-
domanassupayasa sambhavanti;
evametassa kevalassa
dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. (6)
Patiloma
Avijjaya tveva asesa viraga-
nirodha, sankhara-nirodho;
sankhara-nirodha vinnana-nirodho;
vinnana-nirodha nama-rupa-nirodho;
nama-rupa-nirodha salayatana-nirodho;
salayatana-nirodha phassa-nirodho;
phassa-nirodha vedana-nirodho;
vedana-nirodha tanha-nirodho;
tanha-nirodha upadana-nirodho;
upadana-nirodha bhava-nirodho;
bhava-nirodha jati-nirodho;
jati-nirodha jara-maranam
soka-parideva-dukkha-
domanassupayasa nirujjhanti;
evametassa kevalassa
dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti. (6)
Chain of Dependent Origin
Forward Order
Dependent on ignorance, reaction (conditioning) arises;
Dependent on reaction (conditioning), consciousness arises;
Dependent on consciousness, mind-body arise;
Dependent on mind-body, the six senses arise;
Dependent on the six senses, contact arises;
Dependent on contact, sensation arises;
Dependent on sensation craving and aversion arise ;
Dependent on craving and aversion, clinging arises ;
Dependent on clinging, the process of becoming arises ;
Dependent on the process of becoming, birth arises;
Dependent on the base of birth, ageing and death arise,
together with sorrow, lamentation, physical and mental sufferings and tribulations.
Thus arises this entire mass of suffering.
Reverse Order
With the complete eradication and cessation of ignorance, reaction (conditioning) ceases;
with the cessation of reaction (conditioning), consciousness ceases;
with the cessation of consciousness, mind-body cease;
with the cessation of mind-body, the six senses cease;
with the cessation of the six senses, contact ceases;
with the cessation of contact, seansation ceases;
with the cessation of sensation, craving and aversion cease;
with the cessation of craving and aversion, clinging ceases;
with the cessation of clinging, the process of becoming ceases;
with the cessation of the process of becoming, birth ceases;
with the cessation of birth, ageing and death cease, together
with sorrow, lamentation, physical and mental sufferings and tribulations.
Thus this entire mass of suffering ceases.
In
other words, the origin of each link depends upon the preceding one. As
long as this chain of twelve causal relations operates, the wheel of
becoming (bhava-cakka) keeps turning, bringing nothing but suffering.
This process of cause and effect is called anuloma-paticcasamuppada (the
Law of Dependent Origination in forward order). Every link of anuloma
results in misery (dukkha), as a result of avijja which is at the base
of every link. Thus the process of anuloma clarifies the first two Noble
Truths, dukkha-sacca (suffering), and samudaya-sacca (its origination
and multiplication).
We
have to emerge from this bhava-cakka of dukkha. Explaining how to do
so, the Buddha said that when any one of the links of the chain is
broken, the wheel of becoming comes to an end, resulting in the
cessation of suffering. This is called patiloma-paticcasamuppada (the
Law of Dependent Origination in reverse order) which clarifies the third
and fourth Noble Truths, nirodha-sacca (the cessation of suffering),
and nirodha-gamini- patipada-sacca (the path that leads to the cessation
of suffering). How can that be achieved? Which link of the chain can be
broken?
Through
deep insight, the Buddha discovered that the crucial link is vedana. In
the anuloma-paticcasamuppada, he says “vedana-paccaya tanha'’ (with the
base of sensation, craving and aversion arise). Vedana is the cause of
tanha, which gives rise to dukkha. In order to remove the cause of
dukkha or tanha; therefore, one must not allow vedana to connect with
tanha; in other words, one must practise Vipassana meditation at this
juncture so that avijja becomes vijja or panna (wisdom). One has to
observe vedana, to experience and to comprehend the truth of its arising
and passing away, i.e., anicca.
Through
Vipassana (the observation of the reality ‘as it is’), as one
experiences vedana properly, one comes out of the delusion of
nicca-sanna (perception of permanence) by the development of
anicca-bodha or anicca-vijja (the wisdom of impermanence) towards
vedana. This is practised by observing with equanimity, the arising and
passing away of vedana. With aniccabodha, the habit pattern of the mind
changes. Instead of the earlier pattern of vedana-paccaya tanha, through
anicca-vijja it becomes vedana paccaya panna (with the base of
sensation wisdom arises). As panna becomes stronger and stronger,
naturally the sanna and with it tanha, becomes weaker and weaker. The
process of the multiplication of suffering with the base of avijja then
becomes the process of the cessation of suffering, with vijja as the
base. As this process continues, a time comes where there is the
complete cessation of vedana as well as tanha: “vedana-nirodha tanha
nirodho” (with the cessation of sensation, craving and aversion cease).
This
state of emancipation is a state beyond mind-matter ; where both vedana
and sanna cease. One can experience this for a few seconds, minutes,
hours, or days when according to one’s own capacity, one becomes
established in nirodha-samapatti by practising Vipassana. After the
period of nirodha-samapatti (the attainment of cessation), when one
comes back to the sensual field of mind-matter, one again experiences
vedana. But now the whole habit pattern of the mind has been changed,
and continued observation leads to the stage where one does not generate
aversion or craving at all because the anusaya kilesa and the asava
(the deep-rooted mental impurities) are eradicated. In this way by the
breaking of one link, vedana, the whole process is shattered and the
wheel of repeated existence is broken completely.
If
we want to advance on the path of liberation, we have to work at the
level of vedana because it is here that the rotation of the wheel of
misery can be arrested. With vedana starts the turning of the
bhava-cakka (wheel of becoming), leading (because of avijja) to
vedana-paccaya tanha which causes suffering. This is the path which
ignorant persons (puthujjana) follow, since they react to vedana and
generate tanha. And from here also the Dhamma-cakka, (wheel of Dhamma)
or the wheel of cessation of suffering (dukkha-nirodha-gamini-patipada)
can start to rotate, leading to vedana-nirodha, tanha-nirodho: the end
of craving, as a result of anicca-vijja or panna, leading to the
cessation of suffering. This is the path which wise persons (sapanna)
follow by not reacting to vedana, because they have developed
anicca-bodha by the practice of Vipassana.
Many
of the contemporaries of the Buddha held the view that craving causes
suffering and that to remove suffering one has to abstain from the
objects of craving. In order to develop detachment, the Buddha tackled
the problem in a different way. Having learned to examine the depths of
his own mind, he realized that between the external object and the
mental reflex of craving is a missing link: vedana (sensation). Whenever
we encounter an object through the five physical senses or the mind, a
sensation arises; and based on the sensation, tanha arises. If the
sensation is pleasant we crave to prolong it, and if it is unpleasant we
crave to be rid of it. It is in the chain of Dependent Origination that
the Buddha expressed his profound discovery.
Phassa-paccaya vedana
Vedana-paccaya tanha. (5)
Dependent on contact, sensation arises.
Dependent on sensation, craving arises.
The
immediate cause for the arising of craving and of suffering is,
therefore, not something outside of us but rather the sensations that
occur within us. To free ourselves from craving and suffering we must
deal with this inner reality of sensations. Doing so is the practical
way to emerge from suffering. By developing anicca-vijja (the wisdom of
impermanence) we learn to cut the knots of our misery and witness the
true nature of Dhamma. Vedana then is the cause of our bondage when not
properly observed, as well as the means of our liberation when properly
observed by understanding the Dhamma, the law of paticcasamuppada.
6. Paticca Samuppada Sutta, Samyutta Nikaya, XII (I), 1
-BASED ON a VRI Research article, Sayagyi U Ba Khin Journal-VRI (Pg. 254-256)
NOTE
‘’The
law of patthana'’ of the Abhidhamma Pitaka is known as the ‘’law of
relations'’ or cause-effect and paticca samuppada can be more accurately
translated as ‘’law of dependent origination'’. There are 24 types of
relations, as explained in ‘’the law of ‘’patthana'’, on which
cause-effect are based. ‘hetu’ (condition) and kamma (karma) are 2 of
these 24 types. Sayagyi U Ba Khin has said: ‘’hetu is the condition of
the mind at one conscious moment of each karma action whether physical,
vocal or mental.
Each
karma therefore produces a condition of mind which is either moral,
immoral or neutral. (These are mental forces or Dhamma, the content of
mind is called dhamma). … All beings are subject to the law of karma.
As the karma comes out of the mind which is everchanging the effects of
karma must necessarily also be changing'’
-Pg 49-50 sayagyi U Ba Khin journal VRI
Details
can be studied from an Abhidhamma book or the discourse given by
Sayagyi on this in the Sayagyi Journal-VRI. All this is not for
intellectualization but it is ‘what is’ or self knowledge; This is
‘reading the book which is oneself’ with insight and ending all misery
and sorrow.
(Please
refer to the Dhamma teaching as quoted under ‘’Journey from sensations
to sacred-State beyond mind and matter'’/'’Nibbana-sacred-freedom'’ in
this study.)
There are 24 type of relations on which the fundamental principles of cause and effect in Buddhism are based.
Law of Karma in Buddhism : Understanding the basic
Fundamental
knowledge about ” Law of Karma”.Subscribe to our channel for more
videos and join us in:âē Join us on Mindstories youtube
https://bit.ly/2oTDP4wâē …
It
was eighteen years ago, my physicians in Burma advised me to get myself
treated in foreign countries; otherwise there was a danger of my
becoming a morphine addict. I was suffering from a severe type of
migraine since my childhood, the intensity and frequency of which had
increased with the years. Even the best doctor in Burma had no treatment
for it except that he administered a morphine injection whenever I
suffered from an attack which came about every fortnight. This was
certainly not a treatment. That is why they warned me that there was a
danger of my starting to crave for morphine; not because of the
headaches, but because of my gradual addiction to it.
On
their advice, I made a trip round the world and for months together was
under the treatment of some of the best doctors in Switzerland,
Germany, England, the United States and Japan. But it was all in vain.
It proved a sheer waste of time, money and energy. I returned no better.
At
this stage, my good friend (Kalyan Mitra) U Chan Htoon, who later
became a judge on the Supreme Court of the Union of Burma and President
of the World Fellowship of Buddhists, guided me to Sayagyi U Ba Khin. I
shall always remain grateful to him and shall keep on sharing with him
all the merits that I accumulate while treading this Noble Path.
My
first meeting with this saintly person, U Ba Khin, had a great impact
on me. I felt a great attraction towards him and the peace which
emanated from his entire being. I straight away promised him that I
would be attending one of
his
ten-day intensive Vipassana meditation courses in the near future. In
spite of this promise, I kept on wavering and hesitating for the next
six months, partly because of my scepticism about the efficacy of
meditation in curing my migraine which the best available medicine in
the world could not do, and partly because of my own misgivings about
Buddhism, having been born and brought up in a staunch, orthodox and
conservative Sanatani Hindu family. I had a wrong notion that Buddhism
was a pure nivriti-marg, a path of renunciation and had no real hope for
those who were not prepared to renounce the world. And I was certainly
not prepared to do so at the prime of my youth.
The
second misgiving was my deep attachment to Swadharma (oneâs own
religion) and strong aversion to Paradharma (other religions) without
realizing what was Swadharma and what was Paradharma. I kept on
hesitating with these words of Bhagavadgita ringing in my ears:Swadbarme
Nidhanam shreyah paradharmo bhayavabahâ. (âBetter die in oneâs own
Dharma because to follow anotherâs Dharma is perilous.â)
In
spite of these hesitations, there was something deep within me which
kept on pushing me towards that great saint; towards the Vipassana
Center at Inyamyaing, the Island of Peace, and towards that Noble Path
with which I must have had past acquaintance although I was unaware of
it then. Hence, after the monsoon was over, when the meditation courses
were resumed at the Center, I participated for ten days.
These
were the most illuminating days of my life. The migraine had proved a
blessing in disguise. A new Goenka was born. A second birth was
experienced in coming out of the shell of ignorance. It was a major
turning point in my life. Now I was on the straight path of Dhamma
without any blind alleys from which one has to retreat oneâs steps. I
was on the royal road to real peace and happiness, to liberation and
emancipation from all sufferings and miseries.
All
the doubts and misgivings were gone. The physical suffering of migraine
was so trivial compared to the huge mass of invisible suffering in
which I was involved. Hence a relief from migraine was a mere
by-product. The self-introspection by Vipassana had shown me that my
whole being was nothing but a mass of knots and Gordian knots of
tensions, intrigues, malice, hatred, jealousy, ill-will, etc. Now I
realized my real suffering. Now I realized the deep rooted real causes
of my suffering. And here I was with a remedy that could totally
eradicate these causes, resulting in the complete cure of the suffering
itself. Here I was with a wonderful detergent which could clean all the
stains on my dirty psychic linen. Here I was with a hithero unknown
simple technique which was capable of untying all those Gordian knots
which I had kept on tying up ignorantly in the past, resulting all the
time in tension and suffering.
Walking
on this path, using this detergent, taking this medicine, practicing
this simple technique of Vipassana, I started enjoying the beneficial
results, here and now, in this very life. The Sanditthiko and Akaliko
qualities of Dhamma started manifesting themselves and they were really
fascinating to me, for like my teacher, I too had been a practical man
all my life, giving all the importance to the present.
Now
I was established on the path from which there is no looking back but a
constant march ahead. Not only my migraine was totally cured, but all
my misgivings about the Dhamma were also gone.
I
fully understood that a monkâs renounced life was certainly preferable
to achieve the goal with the least hindrance, but the householdersâ life
was not an insurmountable barrier to the achievement. Millions upon
millions of householders in the past and present have benefited from
this Eightfold Noble Path which is equally good for the monks as well as
the householders, which is equally beneficial to young and old, man and
woman: verily, to all human beings belonging to any caste, class,
community, country, profession or language group. There are no narrow
sectarian limitations on this path. It is universal. It is for all human
beings for all times and all places. Because all human beings are
victims of the same illness manifesting itself in different ways and
forms, the remedy is therefore equally applicable to all the patients.
So I kept on benefiting from the Path even as a householder, discharging
my duties more successfully and efficiently. Now I fully realized what
was real Swadharma of Sila, Samadhi, and PaÃąÃąa, and getting away from
the paradharma of lobha, dosa, and moha.
In
a few years time a big change started manifesting in my life, in my
outlook, in my dealings with different situations. I started realizing
that the path does not teach us to run away from problems. It is not
ostrich-like escapism. We have to face the hard realities of the life
and it gives us the necessary strength to face them with peace and
equanimity of mind. It gives us an Art of Living â living harmoniously
with our own selves and with all those with whom we come in contact in
the social field. The gradual purification by this technique keeps on
making the mind calm, clear, and steady. It takes away the confusion and
cloudiness, the tensions and turmoils, the waverings and doubts of the
mind, as a result of which its capacity to work increases many-fold. We
start working more effectively and efficiently.
I
started noticing it in my own life. This came as a great boon to me in
my business life because my capacity to work efficiently had increased
tremendously. Sayagyi U Ba Khin was himself a brilliant example of this
achievement. His capabilities and integrity were exemplary. It was for
this reason that he was asked to hold more than one top executive post
simultaneously. At one time he was holding four such posts concurrently
and still gave record results. It was for this reason he was made to
keep on serving the various successive governments for twelve years
after the age of retirement at fifty-five.
His
life was a source of inspiration to his students including myself. He
held such important executive posts where he could have easily amassed
millions clandestinely in foreign banks. But that was not the way of
Dhamma.
That
was not the way of Dhamma Vihari U Ba Khin. He felt fully satisfied to
have left only a small cottage type house for his son and daughters as
the only saving of his honest earnings.
Neither
the inducement of money from dishonest traders, nor the threatening
pressures from the political bosses could deter him from taking right
decisions. There were many occasions in his life when he displeased the
business magnates of the country, his colleagues in the civil service
and so also his political bosses, the ministers in the cabinet because
he would not comply with their wishes which he found illegal and
immoral. Neither fear nor favour could shake him from taking right
decisions and actions in his mundane duties. Similarly, no illusion or
delusion, no hair-splitting controversies of the theoreticians, nor the
attraction of fame or aversion to defame could deter him from his
practice and teachings of the Dhamma in its pristine purity.
Besides
being an ideal government executive with outstanding ability and
integrity, he was a human teacher of the Noble Path. He conducted his
classes with immeasurable love and compassion for the students in spite
of his steellike rigidity for strict discipline. At the International
Meditation Center, he gave equal compassionate attention to the
ex-president of the country and a peon, to the judge of the Supreme
Court and a criminal.
Such
was U Ba Khin, a jewel amongst men. Such was my noble teacher who
taught me the art of a sane life. Such was my benefactor who made me
reap the rich harvest of Dhamma Ratana which has proved much more
valuable to me than all the material wealth that I had accumulated in my
business life. Such was my compassionate physician who cured not only
the illness of my head nerves, but also the illness of my psyche which
used to keep me tense and tormented my whole life.
It
was my great puÃąÃąa-parami indeed, that I was born and brought up in
Burma, the land of living Dhamma; that I came in contact with Sayagyi U
Ba Khin, the saintly exponent of the Noble Path; that I could avail
myself of his compassionate guidance and proximity, to practice the
Saddhamma continuously for fourteen years; that now I find myself in an
unexpected opportunity wherein I can gratefully serve my teacher in
fulfilling his lifelong cherished desire to spread the applied Dhamma to
the suffering humanity so that more and more people at large can get
Shanti-sukha, the peace and harmony that they badly need.
While
in Burma I had the privilege of sitting at his pious feet and
translating his words into Hindi language for his Indian students for
about ten years. It was indeed a sacred opportunity for me to have
remained so near to him and near to his infinite Metta waves. Then it so
happened that two and a half years ago I received a message from my
mother in Bombay that she was ill and when her condition deteriorated
she started calling me to come to see her.
The
Revolutionary Government of Burma was kind enough to grant me the
necessary passport valid for a visit and stay in India for a period of
five years. Hence, in June 1969, I came to Bombay, and with the
blessings of Sayagyi, I conducted the first course of Vipassana
meditation for the benefit of my mother, wherein thirteen others
participated, some known, and others unknown, to
me. At the conclusion of the course, my mother was greatly relieved of
her illness and other participants were also immensely benefited. On
repeated requests from these participants and to serve further my old
ailing mother, I conducted a few more courses with the blessings of
Sayagyi and then the ball started rolling. Receiving requests from
different parts of India, I kept on moving and conducting course after
course from place to place, where not only local residents but people
from different parts of the world started participating All these
courses were conducted under the personal guidance and blessing of my
teacher. Even after his passing away one year ago, observing the
continued success of these courses, I get more and more convinced that
it is his Metta force which is giving me all the inspiration and
strength to serve so many people from different countries. Obviously the
force of Dhamma is immeasurable.
May
glory be to the Dhamma. May glory be to my country which preserved
Dhamma in its pristine purity for over two millennium. May glory be to
my teacher whose name will remain shining in the galaxy of all the
luminaries of the KammaΞΞh¹na tradition right from that great teacher of
teachers, the Tathagata Buddha, up to those of the present age.
May
the sunshine of Dhamma illuminate the entire world and dispel all the
darkness of ignorance. May all beings be benefitted by Dhamma. May they
be peaceful. May they be happy.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Let us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Photo of Vihartn Admin Vihartn Admin Send an email 2 weeks ago 20 Less than a minute
TamilNadu
Buddhist Sanga Council has constituted two committees to visit Viharas
in TamilNadu and Pudhuchery. Each committee will visit the respective
zone viharas for evaluating their present physical structure, lane
measurement, architecture, and aesthetic values. the committeesâ members
names are given below ;
North Zone Committee
Bikkhu Ariya Brama
Sangaratnar.Thirunavukarasu,
Sangaratnar. Parthiban,
Sangaratnar. Ambed anand,
South Zone Commiittee
Bikkhu. Jeeva Sangamitran
Sangaratnar Prof.Velusamy,
Sangaratnar.Ramachandran
The
TNBSC seeks cooperation from the sangaratnar in their vihars. The
above-mentioned committees are advised to submit the report to the
council on or before 31.08.2021
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Let us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Let us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Let us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Let us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Ultimele instrucČiuni din cuvintele proprii ale lui Buddha citate pe Sutta Piáđaka-Digha NikÄya mahÄparinibbÄna Sutta
DN 16 - (D II 137)
MahÄparinibbÄna Sutta.
{fragmente}
Ultimele instrucČiuni ale lui Buddha pe mahÄ-parinibbÄna
Acest
Sutta adunÄ diverse instrucČiuni pe care Buddha a dat-o de dragul
adepČilor dupÄ trecerea sa, ceea ce face ca acesta sÄ fie un set foarte
important de instrucČiuni pentru noi ÃŪn zilele noastre.
Voi
expune discursul de pe Dhamma, care se numeČte DhammÄdÄsa, posedat de
care AriyasÄvaka, dacÄ el doreČte, poate sÄ-Či declare despre el ÃŪnsuČi:
“Pentru mine, nu mai este Niraya, nu mai mult TiracchÄna-Yoni, nu mai
mult Petivisaya, nu Mai multÄ stare de nefericire, de nenorocire, de
mizerie, sunt un sotÄpanna, prin natura liber de state de mizerie, sigur
cÄ sunt destinate lui Sambodhi.
Či ce este, Änanda, este
acel
discurs asupra lui Dhamma, care se numeČte DhammÄdÄsa, posedat de care
AriyasÄvaka, dacÄ el doreČte, poate sÄ se declare despre sine: “Pentru
mine, nu mai este Niraya, nu mai mult TiracchÄna-yoni, nici mai mult
Petivisaya, nici o stare de companie Nefericire, de nenorocire, de
mizerie, eu sunt un sotÄpanna, prin natura liber de state de mizerie,
sigur de a fi destinat lui Sambodhi?
Aici, Äanda, AriyasÄvaka este dotatÄ cu Buddhe AVECCAPPASÄDA:
El este dotat cu Dhamme AvecCappasada:
El este ÃŪnzestrat cu SAáđ GHE AVECCAPPASÄDA:
El este ÃŪnzestrat cu o sÄŦla care este agreabilÄ pentru Ariyas,
Acest
lucru, Änanda, este discursul de pe Dhamma, care se numeČte DhammÄdÄsa,
posedat de care AriyasÄvaka, dacÄ el doreČte, poate sÄ se declare
despre el ÃŪnsuČi: “Pentru mine, nu mai existÄ Niraya, nu mai mult
TiracchÄna-Yoni, nici mai mult Petivisaya , nu mai este o stare de
nefericire, de nenorocire, de mizerie, sunt un sotÄpanna, prin natura
liber de state de mizerie, sigur de a fi destinat lui Sambodhi.
Sato ar trebui sÄ rÄmÃĒi, Bhikkhus Či SampajÄnos. Aceasta este intria noastrÄ pentru dvs.
Či cum, Bhikkhus, este un Sato Bhikkhu? Aici, Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu
Astfel, Bhikkhus, este un Sato Bhikkhu. Či cum, Bhikkhus, este un Bhikkhu SampajÄno? Aici, Bhikkhus,
Astfel,
Bhikkhus, este un Bhikkhu SampajÄno. Sato ar trebui sÄ rÄmÃĒi, Bhikkhus
Či SampajÄnos. Aceasta este intria noastrÄ pentru dvs.
- Ananda, Sala gemenalÄ
Copacii
sunt ÃŪn plinÄ floare, deČi nu este sezonul de ÃŪnflorire. Či ÃŪnflorirea
ploaia pe corpul Tathagata Či picÄturi Či ÃŪmprÄČtiaČi Či sunt
ÃŪmprÄČtiate ÃŪn ÃŪnchinarea lui Tathagata. Či flori de corali celeste Či
praful de lemn de santal ceresc din cerul de pe corpul lui Tathagata,
picÄturi Či ÃŪmprÄČtiate Či sunt ÃŪmprÄČtiate ÃŪn ÃŪnchinarea lui Tathagata.
Iar sunetul vocii cereČti Či instrumentele cereČti face muzica ÃŪn aer
din reverenČÄ pentru Tathagata.
Nu
este prin aceastÄ, Änanda, cÄ TathÄgata este respectatÄ, veneratÄ,
stimulatÄ, a plÄtit un omagiu Či onorat. Dar, Ananda, orice Bhikkhu sau
Bhikkhuni, Layman sau Laywoman, rÄmase Dhamm’Änudhamma’p'Paipanna,
SÄmÄŦci’p'Paipanna,
A
trÄi ÃŪn conformitate cu Dhamma, cÄ o respectÄ, venerate, mestem,
plÄteČte omagiu Či onoreazÄ TathÄgata cu cel mai excelent omagiu. Prin
urmare, Änanda, ar trebui sÄ te antrenezi astfel: “Vom rÄmÃĒne
Dhamm’Änudhamma’p'Paipanna, SÄmÄŦci’p'Paipanna, trÄind ÃŪn conformitate cu
Dhamma”.
Bhagawan Buddha spune
“FraČii
mei, existÄ aceste douÄ extreme pe care o persoanÄ pe cale ar trebui sÄ
o evite. Care douÄ? Unul este sÄ vÄ plimbaČi ÃŪn plÄceri senzuale. Iar
cealaltÄ este de a practica austeritÄČi care privesc corpul nevoilor
sale. Ambele extreme conduc la eČec.
“Calea
pe care am descoperit-o este calea mijlocie, care evitÄ ambele extreme
Či are capacitatea de a conduce la ÃŪnČelegere, eliberare Či pace. Este
calea nobilÄ de 8 ori a ÃŪnČelegerii corecte, a gÃĒndirii corecte, a
discursului corect, a acČiunii corecte, a mijloacelor de trai drepte, a
efortului drept, a atenČiei corecte Či a concentraČiei corecte. Am urmat
aceastÄ cale de opt ori nobilÄ Či am realizat ÃŪnČelegerea, eliberarea
Či pacea.
Prima
este existenČa suferinČei. NaČterea, bÄtrÃĒneČea, boala Či moartea
suferÄ. TristeČe, furie, gelozie, ÃŪngrijorare, anxietate, fricÄ Či
disperare suferÄ. Separarea de cei dragi suferÄ. Asociere cu cei pe care
nu le place suferÄ. DorinČa, ataČamentul Či agÄČarea de cele cinci
agregate suferÄ.
“Brothers, al doilea adevÄr dezvÄluie cauza suferinČei. Din cauza
ignoranČei, oamenii nu pot vedea adevÄrul despre viaČÄ Či devin prinČi
ÃŪn flÄcÄri de dorinČÄ, furie, gelozie, durere, ÃŪngrijorare, fricÄ Či
disperare.
“FraČii, al treilea adevÄr este ÃŪncetarea suferinČei.
ÃnČelegerea adevÄrului vieČii aduce ÃŪncetarea fiecÄrei dureri Či tristeČe Či dÄ naČtere la pace Či bucurie.
“Brothers, al patrulea adevÄr este calea care duce la ÃŪncetarea
suferinČei. Este calea nobilÄ de opt ori, pe care tocmai am explicat-o.
Calea nobile de opt ori este hrÄnitÄ trÄiesc cu minte. Mindfulness duce
la concentrare Či ÃŪnČelegere, vÄ elibereazÄ de orice durere Či durere Či
duce la pace Či bucurie. VÄ voi ghida de-a lungul acestei cÄi de
realizare.
“Viziunea a apÄrut, a apÄrut o ÃŪnČelegere, discernÄmÃĒntul a apÄrut, a
apÄrut cunoČtinČele, iluminarea a apÄrut ÃŪn mine cu privire la lucrurile
care nu au fost auzite ÃŪnainte:” Acest adevÄr nobil al stresului a fost
ÃŪnČeles “.
“AdevÄrul
nobil al ÃŪncetÄrii stresului: declanČarea completÄ Či ÃŪncetarea,
renunČarea, renunČarea, eliberarea, Či lÄsarea de la acea poftÄ. Acest
adevÄr nobil al ÃŪncetÄrii stresului a fost realizat. Acesta este
adevÄrul nobil al modului de practicÄ care duce la ÃŪncetarea stresului.
“De
ÃŪndatÄ ce cunoČtinČele Či viziunea mea cu privire la aceste patru
adevÄruri nobile aČa cum au venit sÄ fie - au fost cu adevÄrat pure,
atunci am pretins cÄ m-am trezit direct la auto-trezirea potrivitÄ ÃŪn
cosmos cu toate ghidurile sale nevÄzute, contemplative, Brahmans,
drepturile sale Či comunfolk. CunoaČterea Či viziunea au apÄrut ÃŪn mine:
“Neautorizabil este eliberarea mea. Aceasta este ultima mea naČtere. Nu
existÄ nici o existenČÄ reÃŪnnoitÄ. “
Ãn
timp ce Siddhartha explicÄ cele patru adevÄruri nobile, unul dintre
cÄlugÄri, Kondanna simČea brusc o strÄlucire mare ÃŪn mintea lui. El ar
putea gusta eliberarea pe care o cÄuta atÃĒt de mult timp. FaČa lui a
strÄlucit cu bucurie. Buddha a arÄtat la el Či a strigat: “Kondanna! Ai
luat-o! Ai ÃŪnČeles!
Kondanna
sa alÄturat palmelor Či sa ÃŪnclinat ÃŪnainte de Siddhartha. Cu respect
mai profund, el a vorbit, “Gautama venerabilÄ, vÄ rog sÄ mÄ acceptaČi ca
pe discipolul tÄu. Čtiu cÄ sub ÃŪndrumarea voastrÄ, voi atinge marele
trezire. “
CeilalČi
patru cÄlugÄri se ÃŪnclinÄ Či la picioarele lui Siddhartha, s-au
alÄturat palmelor Či au cerut sÄ fie primite ca ucenici. Siddhartha a
spus: “Brothers! Copiii din sat mi-au dat numele “Buddha”. Či tu poČi sÄ
mÄ suni dupÄ numele Ästa dacÄ vrei.
Kondanna a ÃŪntrebat: “Nu ÃŪnseamnÄ” Buddha “ÃŪnseamnÄ” unul care este trezit “?”
“Asta este corect, Či ei numesc calea pe care am descoperit-o” calea trezirii “. Ce crezi despre acest nume?”
“Cel
care este trezit”! “Modul de trezire”! Minunat! Minunat! Aceste nume
sunt adevÄrate, dar simple. Vom numi fericit Buddha, Či calea pe care
aČi descoperit calea trezirii. DupÄ cum aČi spus, trÄind ÃŪn fiecare zi,
este chiar baza practicii spirituale “. Cei cinci cÄlugÄri erau o
singurÄ minte pentru a accepta Gautama ca profesor Či pentru a-i numi
Buddha.
Buddha
a zÃĒmbit la ei. Te rog, fraČi, practicÄ cu un spirit deschis Či
inteligent, iar ÃŪn trei luni veČi fi atins rodul eliberÄrii. ”
The Last days of the Buddha
Abhinav Kumar
11.1K subscribers
This video explains and elaborates the Mahaparinibbana of Buddha.
Cuvintele proprii ale Buddha citate despre participarea la conČtientizare
mahÄ + satipaáđáđhÄna.
Religii, curse, caste, inegalitÄČi,
Au fost acolo
Sunt acolo
Či
Va continua sÄ fie acolo!
Dr b.r.ambedkar tunered “Principalul Bharat Baudhmay Karunga”. (Voi face acest budist de ČarÄ)
Toate
SocietÄČile Aboriginal trezeČte Thunder “Hump Prapanch Prambuddha
Prapanchmay Karund.” (Vom face ÃŪntreaga lume Prabuddha Prapanch
Acest lucru se va ÃŪntÃĒmpla prin
Gratuit
online Prabuddha Convention intelectuals ÃŪn propriile cuvinte pentru
bunÄstare, fericire Či pace pentru toate societÄČile Či pentru ei sÄ
obČinÄ fericirea veČnicÄ ca scop final prin MahÄ + satipaáđáđhÄna -
participarea la conČtientizare prin observarea secČiunii KÄya pe
ÄnÄpÄna, posturi, sampajaÃąÃąa, repulsivitate, elementele, cele nouÄ
motive de pericol, de VedanÄ Či Citta
Atunci
Religii, curse, caste Či inegalitÄČi
Nu va fi acolo!
Tipitaka.
DN 22 - (D II 290)
MahÄsatipaáđáđhÄna Sutta.
Participarea la conČtientizarea lui Buddha
mahÄ + satipaáđáđhÄna.
Acest Sutta este considerat ca o referinČÄ principalÄ pentru practica de meditaČie.
Introducere
I. Observarea KÄya
A. SecČiunea pe ÄnÄpÄna
B. SecČiunea privind posturile
C. SecČiunea privind SampajaÃąa
D. SecČiunea privind repulsivitatea
E. SecČiunea privind elementele
F. SecČiunea privind cele nouÄ motive de pericol
II. Observarea lui VedanÄ.
Introducere
Astfel am auzit:
Cu o ocazie, BhagavÄ stÄtea printre Kurus la KammÄshamma, un oraČ de piaČÄ din Kurus. Acolo, el a adresat Bhikkhus:
- Bhikkhus.
- Bhaddante a rÄspuns lui Bhikkhus. BhagavÄ a spus:
- Acest,
Bhikkhus, este calea care duce la nimic altceva decÃĒt la purificarea
FiinČe,
depÄČirea durerii Či a cumentÄrii, dispariČia Dukkha-Domanassa,
realizarea modului potrivit, realizarea NibbÄna, adicÄ cele patru
satipaáđáđhÄnas.
Care patru?
Aici, Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya, ÄtÄpÄŦ
SampajÄno, satimÄ, dupÄ ce a renunČat la AbhijjhÄ-Domanassa faČÄ de lume.
El
locuieČte observÃĒnd vedanÄ ÃŪn vedanÄ, ÄtÄpÄŦ sampajÄno, satimÄ, dupÄ ce a
renunČat la AbhijjhÄ-domanassa faČÄ de lume. El locuieČte sÄ observe
Citta ÃŪn Citta, ÄtÄpÄŦ sampajÄno, satimÄ, dupÄ ce a renunČat la
AbhijjhÄ-Domanassa faČÄ de lume. El locuieČte observÃĒnd Dhamma · s ÃŪn
Dhamma · S, ÄtÄpÄŦ sampajÄno, satimÄ, dupÄ ce a renunČat la
AbhijjhÄ-Domanassa faČÄ de lume.
I. KÄyÄnupassanÄ.
A. SecČiunea pe ÄnÄpÄna
Či
Cum,
Bhikhus, are un loc de muncÄ Bhikkhu observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya? Aici,
Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu, plecÃĒnd ÃŪn pÄdure sau plecÃĒnd la rÄdÄcina unui
copac sau care se duse ÃŪntr-o camerÄ goalÄ, se aČeazÄ ÃŪn jos plierea
picioarelor ÃŪn cruce, aČezÃĒndu-se KÄya ÃŪn poziČie verticalÄ Či se aČezÄ
Sati Parimukhaáđ. A fi astfel Sato, el respirÄ, fiind astfel Sato, el
respirÄ. RespirÃĒnd ÃŪn timp ce ÃŪnČelege: “Eu respir ÃŪn termen lung”;
respirarea ÃŪndelungatÄ pe care o ÃŪnČelege: “Eu respir mult”; respiraČia
pe scurt el ÃŪnČelege: “Eu respir pe scurt”; respiraČia scurtÄ El
ÃŪnČelege: “RespirÄm scurt”; El se pregÄteČte: “SimČind KÄya, voi
respira”; El se pregÄteČte: “SenzaČia ÃŪntregului kÄya, voi respira”; El
se pregÄteČte: “calmarea pe KÄya-saáđ khÄras, voi respira”; Se pregÄteČte
el ÃŪnsuČi: “calmarea pe KÄya-saáđ khÄras, voi respira”.
Doar
AČa
cum, Bhikkhus, un ucenic de Turner sau un Turner, fÄcÃĒnd o ÃŪntoarcere
lungÄ, ÃŪnČelege: “Eu fac o ÃŪntoarcere lungÄ”; fÄcÃĒnd o scurtÄ
ÃŪntoarcere, el ÃŪnČelege: “Eu fac o scurtÄ ÃŪntoarcere”; Ãn acelaČi mod,
Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu, respirÃĒnd de mult, ÃŪnČelege: “Eu respir ÃŪn mult
timp”; respirÃĒnd mult timp ÃŪnČelege: “Eu respir mult”; respiraČia pe
scurt el ÃŪnČelege: “Eu respir pe scurt”; respiraČia scurtÄ El ÃŪnČelege:
“RespirÄm scurt”; El se pregÄteČte: “SenzaČia ÃŪntregului kÄya, voi
respira”; El se pregÄteČte: “SenzaČia ÃŪntregului kÄya, voi respira”; El
se pregÄteČte: “calmarea pe KÄya-saáđ khÄras, voi respira”; Se pregÄteČte
el ÃŪnsuČi: “calmarea pe KÄya-saáđ khÄras, voi respira”.
Astfel locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya intern,
sau
locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya extern, sau locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya
ÃŪn KÄya intern Či extern; El locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya de fenomene
din KÄya sau locuieČte observÃĒnd trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya sau
locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya Či trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya; sau
altceva, [Realizarea:] “Aceasta este kÄya!” Sati este prezentÄ ÃŪn el,
doar ÃŪn mÄsura ÃŪn care simpla “Či simpla Paáđissati, el locuieČte
detaČatÄ Či nu se agaČÄ de nimic din lume. Astfel, Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu
locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya.
B. IRIYÄPATHA PABBA.
Ãn plus,
Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu, ÃŪn timp ce mergeČi, ÃŪnČelege: “Eu merg ‘, sau
ÃŪn timp ce stÄtea el ÃŪnČelege: “Eu stau”, sau ÃŪn timp ce stau el
ÃŪnČelege:
“Eu stau”, sau ÃŪn timp ce culca el ÃŪnČelege: “MÄ culc”. Sau altfel, ÃŪn
oricare poziČie, KÄya este dispus, o ÃŪnČelege ÃŪn consecinČÄ.
C. SecČiunea privind SampajaÃąa
Ãn plus,
Bhikkhus,
un Bhikkhu, ÃŪn timp ce se apropie Či ÃŪn timpul plecÄrii cu SampajaÃąÃąa,
ÃŪn timp ce priveČte ÃŪnainte Či ÃŪn timp ce se uitÄ ÃŪn jur, el acČioneazÄ
cu SampajaÃąÃąa, ÃŪn timp ce ÃŪndoiČi Či ÃŪn timp ce se ÃŪntinde, acČioneazÄ
cu SampajaÃąÃąa, ÃŪn timp ce purtau hainele Či haina superioarÄ Či ÃŪn
timpul transportului castron, el acČioneazÄ cu sampajaÃąÃąa, ÃŪn timp ce
mÄnÃĒncÄ, ÃŪn timp ce bea, ÃŪn timp ce de mestecat, in timp ce degustare,
el acČioneazÄ cu sampajaÃąÃąa, ÃŪn timp ce participa la activitatea de
defecare Či urinat, el acČioneazÄ cu sampajaÃąÃąa, ÃŪn timp ce mersul pe
jos, ÃŪn timp ce ÃŪn picioare, ÃŪn timp ce ČedinČei, ÃŪn timp ce A dormi, ÃŪn
timp ce se trezeČte, ÃŪn timp ce vorbeČte Či ÃŪn timp ce tÄcea,
acČioneazÄ cu SampajaÃąa.
Astfel, el locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya intern sau el
Locuiesc
observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya extern, sau locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya
intern Či extern; El locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya de fenomene din KÄya
sau locuieČte observÃĒnd trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya sau locuieČte
observÃĒnd Samudaya Či trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya; sau altceva,
[Realizarea:] “Aceasta este kÄya!” Sati este prezentÄ ÃŪn el, doar ÃŪn
mÄsura ÃŪn care simpla “Či simpla Paáđissati, el locuieČte detaČatÄ Či nu
se agaČÄ de nimic din lume. Astfel, Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu locuieČte
observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya.
D. SecČiunea privind repulsivitatea
Ãn plus,
bhikkhus, un bhikkhu considerÄ cÄ acest lucru foarte organism, din tÄlpile
picioarele
ÃŪn sus Či de la pÄrul de pe cap ÃŪn jos, care este delimitatÄ de pielea
ei Či plinÄ de diferite tipuri de impuritÄČi: “Ãn acest kÄya, existÄ
firele de pÄr ale capului, pÄrul corpului, unghiile, dinČii, pielea,
carnea ,
La
fel ca Či ÃŪn cazul ÃŪn care, bhikkhus, a existat un sac avÃĒnd douÄ
deschideri Či umplute cu diferite tipuri de cereale, cum ar fi muntele
nedecorticat, orez, fasole mung, mazÄre vacÄ, seminČe de susan Či orez
decorticat. Un bÄrbat cu o vedere bunÄ, care a descoperit-o, ar lua ÃŪn
considerare [conČinutul sÄu]: “Acesta este Hill-Paddy, acesta este
Paddy, acestea sunt fasole Mung, acelea de vacÄ, acestea sunt seminČe de
susan Či acest lucru este orezul de susan; Ãn acelaČi mod, Bhikkhus, un
Bhikkhu considerÄ acest lucru foarte corp, de la tÄlpile picioarelor ÃŪn
sus Či de la pÄrul de pe cap,
care este delimitatÄ de pielea sa Či plinÄ de diferite tipuri de impuritÄČi:
âÃn acest KAYA, existÄ perii capului, firele de pÄr ale corpului,
Astfel, el locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya intern sau el
Locuiesc
observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya extern, sau locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya
intern Či extern; El locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya de fenomene din KÄya
sau locuieČte observÃĒnd trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya sau locuieČte
observÃĒnd Samudaya Či trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya; sau altceva,
[Realizarea:] “Aceasta este kÄya!” sati ÃŪl presentin, doar ÃŪn mÄsura ÃŪn
care doar nana Či simple paáđissati, el locuieČte detaČat, Či nu se agaČÄ
de nimic ÃŪn lume. Astfel, Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya
ÃŪn KÄya.
E. SecČiunea privind elementele
Ãn plus,
Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu reflectÄ acest lucru foarte kÄya, totuČi este plasat,
Cu toate acestea, este dispus: “Ãn acest kÄya, existÄ elementul pÄmÃĒntului,
elementul de apÄ, elementul de incendiu Či elementul de aer. “
La
fel cum, bhikkhus, un mÄcelar priceput sau ucenic de mÄcelar, dupÄ ce a
ucis o vacÄ, ar sta la o tÄiere ÃŪn bucÄČi intersecČii; Ãn acelaČi mod,
Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu reflectÄ ÃŪn mod foarte kÄya, totuČi este plasat,
totuČi este dispus: “Ãn TherekÄya, existÄ elementul pÄmÃĒntului,
elementul de apÄ, elementul de incendiu Či elementul de aer”.
Astfel locuieČte sÄ observe KÄya ÃŪn KÄya pe plan intern sau locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya extern sau locuieČte
observÃĒnd
KAYA ÃŪn KAYA intern Či extern; El locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya de
fenomene din KÄya sau locuieČte observÃĒnd trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya
sau locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya Či trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya; sau
altceva, [Realizarea:] “Aceasta este kÄya!” Sati este prezentÄ ÃŪn el,
doar ÃŪn mÄsura ÃŪn care simpla Či simpla Paáđissati, el locuieČte detaČatÄ
Či nu se agaČÄ de nimic din lume.thus el locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn
KÄya;
(1)
Ãn plus,
Bhikkhus,
un Bhikkhu, la fel cum vedea un trup mort, aruncat ÃŪntr-un pÄmÃĒnt,
ÃŪntr-o zi moartÄ, sau douÄ zile moarte sau trei zile moarte, umflate,
albÄstrui Či minunate, el considerÄ acest lucru foarte kÄya: “Acest kÄya
De asemenea, este de o astfel de naturÄ, va deveni aČa, Či nu este
liberÄ de o astfel de condiČie. “
Astfel
locuieČte pe observarea KÄya ÃŪn KÄya pe plan intern sau locuieČte
observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya extern, sau locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya
intern Či extern; El locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya de fenomene din KÄya
sau locuieČte observÃĒnd trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya sau locuieČte
observÃĒnd Samudaya Či trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya; sau altceva,
[Realizarea:] “Aceasta este kÄya!” Sati este prezentÄ ÃŪn el, doar ÃŪn
mÄsura ÃŪn care simpla “Či simpla Paáđissati, el locuieČte detaČatÄ Či nu
se agaČÄ de nimic din lume. Astfel, Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu locuieČte
observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya.
(2)
Ãn plus,
Bhikkhus,
un Bhikkhu, la fel cum vedea un trup mort, aruncat ÃŪntr-un pÄmÃĒnt de
pÄlÄrie, fiind mÃĒncat de croČi, fiind mÃĒncat de Hawks, fiind mÃĒncat de
vulturi, fiind mÃĒncat de cÄtre Heoni, fiind mÃĒncat de cÃĒini, fiind
mÃĒncat de Tigrii, fiind mÃĒncaČi de Panthers, fiind mÃĒncaČi de diferite
tipuri de fiinČe, el considerÄ acest lucru foarte kÄya: “Acest kÄya
este, de asemenea, de o astfel de naturÄ, va deveni aČa, Či nu este
liber de o astfel de condiČie”.
Astfel
locuieČte pe observarea KÄya ÃŪn KÄya pe plan intern sau locuieČte
observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya extern, sau locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya
intern Či extern; El locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya de fenomene din KÄya,
sau locuieČte observÃĒnd trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya sau locuieČte
observÃĒnd Samudaya Či
trecerea
fenomenelor din KÄya; sau altceva, [Realizarea:] “Aceasta este kÄya!”
Sati este prezentÄ ÃŪn el, doar ÃŪn mÄsura ÃŪn care simpla “Či simpla
Paáđissati, el locuieČte detaČatÄ Či nu se agaČÄ de nimic din lume.
Astfel, Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya.
(3)
Mai
mult, Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu, la fel cum vedea un trup mort, aruncat
ÃŪntr-un pÄmÃĒnt, o ČiarÄ cu carne Či sÃĒnge, ČinutÄ ÃŪmpreunÄ prin
tendoane, el considerÄ cÄ acest kÄya: “Acest kÄya este, de asemenea, de
aČa ceva Natura, va deveni aČa, Či nu este liberÄ de o astfel de
condiČie. “
Astfel, el locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya intern sau el
Locuiesc
observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya extern, sau locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya
intern Či extern; El locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya de fenomene din KÄya
sau locuieČte observÃĒnd trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya sau locuieČte
observÃĒnd Samudaya Či trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya; sau altceva,
[Realizarea:] “Aceasta este kÄya!” Sati este prezentÄ ÃŪn el, doar ÃŪn
mÄsura ÃŪn care simpla “Či simpla Paáđissati, el locuieČte detaČatÄ Či nu
se agaČÄ de nimic din lume. Astfel, Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu locuieČte
observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya.
(4)
Ãn plus,
Bhikkhus,
un Bhikkhu, la fel cum vedea un trup mort, aruncat ÃŪntr-un pÄmÃĒnt de
pericol, o ČabletÄ fÄrÄ carne Či a fost sporitÄ cu sÃĒnge, ČinutÄ
ÃŪmpreunÄ de tendoane, el considerÄ cÄ acest kÄya: “Acest kÄya este, de
asemenea, de aČa ceva Natura, va deveni aČa, Či nu este liberÄ de o
astfel de condiČie. “
Astfel
locuieČte pe observarea KÄya ÃŪn KÄya pe plan intern sau locuieČte
observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya extern, sau locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya
intern Či extern; El locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya de fenomene din KÄya
sau locuieČte observÃĒnd trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya sau locuieČte
observÃĒnd Samudaya Či trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya; sau altceva,
[Realizarea:] “Aceasta este kÄya!” Sati este prezentÄ ÃŪn el, doar ÃŪn
mÄsura ÃŪn care simpla “Či simpla Paáđissati, el locuieČte detaČatÄ Či nu
se agaČÄ de nimic din lume. Astfel, Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu locuieČte
observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya.
(5)
Mai
mult, Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu, la fel cum vedea un trup mort, aruncat
ÃŪntr-un pÄmÃĒnt, o Čieton fÄrÄ carne, nici sÃĒnge, Činut ÃŪmpreunÄ prin
tendoane, el considerÄ cÄ acest kÄya: “Acest kÄya este, de asemenea, de
aČa ceva Natura, va deveni aČa, Či nu este liberÄ de o astfel de
condiČie. “
Astfel, el locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya intern sau el
Locuiesc
observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya extern, sau locuieČte observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya
intern Či extern; El locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya de fenomene din KÄya
sau locuieČte observÃĒnd trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya sau locuieČte
observÃĒnd Samudaya Či trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya; sau altceva,
[Realizarea:] “Aceasta este kÄya!” Sati este prezentÄ ÃŪn el, doar ÃŪn
mÄsura ÃŪn care simpla “Či simpla Paáđissati, el locuieČte detaČatÄ Či nu
se agaČÄ de nimic din lume. Astfel, Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu locuieČte
observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya.
(6)
Mai
mult decÃĒt atÃĒt, bhikkhus, un bhikkhu, la fel ca Či ÃŪn cazul ÃŪn care el
a vÄzut un cadavru, aruncat departe ÃŪntr-un sol Charnel, oasele
deconectat ÃŪmprÄČtiate ici Či colo, aici un os de mÃĒnÄ, existÄ un os
picior, aici un os glezna, existÄ un tibiei , aici osul coapsei, existÄ
un os de sold, aici o coastÄ, existÄ un os din spate, aici un os
coloanei vertebrale, existÄ un os de gÃĒt, aici un os maxilarului, existÄ
un os dinte, sau acolo craniul, el considerÄ cÄ acest lucru foarte KAYA
: âAceasta este, de asemenea, KAYA de o asemenea naturÄ, aceasta va
deveni ca acest lucru, Či nu este lipsitÄ de o astfel de condiČie a.â
Astfel,
el insistÄ observarea KAYA ÃŪn KAYA intern sau El locuieČte ÃŪn
observarea KAYA KAYA extern, sau El locuieČte ÃŪn observarea KAYA KAYA
intern Či extern; El locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya de fenomene din KÄya
sau locuieČte observÃĒnd trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya sau locuieČte
observÃĒnd Samudaya Či trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya; sau altceva,
[Realizarea:] “Aceasta este kÄya!” Sati este prezentÄ ÃŪn el, doar ÃŪn
mÄsura ÃŪn care simpla “Či simpla Paáđissati, el locuieČte detaČatÄ Či nu
se agaČÄ de nimic din lume. Astfel, Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu locuieČte
observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya.
(7)
Mai mult decÃĒt atÃĒt, bhikkhus, un bhikkhu, la fel ca Či ÃŪn cazul ÃŪn care el a fost
vÄzÃĒnd
un organism mort, aruncat departe ÃŪntr-un sol Charnel, oasele albite ca
o scoicÄ, el considerÄ cÄ acest lucru foarte KAYA: âAcest KAYA, de
asemenea, este de o asemenea naturÄ, aceasta va deveni ca acest lucru,
Či nu este lipsitÄ de o astfel de condiČie.”
(
Mai mult decÃĒt atÃĒt, bhikkhus, un bhikkhu, la fel ca Či ÃŪn cazul ÃŪn care el a fost
vÄzÃĒnd
un organism mort, aruncat departe ÃŪntr-un sol Charnel, ÃŪngrÄmÄdite oase
vechi de un an, el considerÄ cÄ acest lucru foarte KAYA: âAcest KAYA,
de asemenea, este de o asemenea naturÄ, aceasta va deveni ca acest
lucru, Či nu este liber de astfel de o condiČie.”
Astfel,
el insistÄ observarea KAYA ÃŪn KAYA intern sau El locuieČte ÃŪn
observarea KAYA KAYA extern, sau El locuieČte ÃŪn observarea KAYA KAYA
intern Či extern; El locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya de fenomene din KÄya
sau locuieČte observÃĒnd trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya sau locuieČte
observÃĒnd Samudaya Či trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya; sau altceva,
[Realizarea:] “Aceasta este kÄya!” Sati este prezentÄ ÃŪn el, doar ÃŪn
mÄsura ÃŪn care simpla “Či simpla Paáđissati, el locuieČte detaČatÄ Či nu
se agaČÄ de nimic din lume. Astfel, Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu locuieČte
observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya.
(9)
Mai mult decÃĒt atÃĒt, bhikkhus, un bhikkhu, la fel ca Či ÃŪn cazul ÃŪn care el a fost
vÄzÃĒnd
un organism mort, aruncat departe ÃŪntr-un sol Charnel, oase putred
redus la pulbere, el considerÄ cÄ acest lucru foarte KAYA: âAcest KAYA,
de asemenea, este de o asemenea naturÄ, aceasta va deveni ca acest
lucru, Či nu este lipsitÄ de o astfel de condiČie .â
Astfel,
el insistÄ observarea KAYA ÃŪn KAYA intern sau El locuieČte ÃŪn
observarea KAYA KAYA extern, sau El locuieČte ÃŪn observarea KAYA KAYA
intern Či extern; El locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya de fenomene din KÄya
sau locuieČte observÃĒnd trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya sau locuieČte
observÃĒnd Samudaya Či trecerea fenomenelor din KÄya; sau altceva,
[Realizarea:] “Aceasta este kÄya!” Sati este prezentÄ ÃŪn el, doar ÃŪn
mÄsura ÃŪn care simpla “Či simpla Paáđissati, el locuieČte detaČatÄ Či nu
se agaČÄ de nimic din lume. Astfel, Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu locuieČte
observÃĒnd KÄya ÃŪn KÄya.
II. Observarea lui VedanÄ.
Či ÃŪn plus, bhikkhus, cum face un bhikkhu locui ÃŪn Vedana Observing Vedana?
Aici,
bhikkhus, un bhikkhu, se confruntÄ cu o Vedana Sukha, undersands: âSunt
confruntÄ cu o Sukha Vedanaâ; se confruntÄ cu o Vedana dukkha,
undersands:
âSunt
confruntÄ cu o Vedana dukkhaâ; se confruntÄ cu o Vedana adukkham-asukhÄ,
undersands: âSunt confruntÄ cu o adukkham-asukhÄ Vedanaâ; se confruntÄ
cu o Sukha Vedana sÄmisa, undersands: âSunt confruntÄ cu o Sukha Vedana
sÄmisaâ; se confruntÄ cu o Sukha Vedana nirÄmisa, undersands:
âSunt
confruntÄ cu o Sukha Vedana nirÄmisaâ; se confruntÄ cu o dukkha Vedana
sÄmisa, undersands: âSunt confruntÄ cu o dukkha Vedana sÄmisaâ; se
confruntÄ cu o dukkha Vedana nirÄmisa, undersands: âSunt confruntÄ cu o
dukkha Vedana nirÄmisaâ; se confruntÄ cu o adukkham-asukhÄ Vedana
sÄmisa, undersands: âSunt confruntÄ cu o adukkham-asukhÄ Vedana sÄmisaâ;
se confruntÄ cu un adukkham-asukhÄ Vedana nirÄmisa, undersands: âSunt
confruntÄ cu o adukkham-asukhÄ Vedana nirÄmisaâ.
Astfel, el insistÄ observarea Vedana ÃŪn Vedana pe plan intern,
sau el locuieČte Observing Vedana ÃŪn Vedana extern, sau el locuieČte
observÃĒnd Vedana ÃŪn Vedana intern Či extern; el locuieČte
observarea
fenomenelor Samudaya ÃŪn Vedana, sau el insistÄ observÃĒnd trecerea ÃŪn
nefiinČÄ a fenomenelor ÃŪn Vedana, sau el insistÄ observarea Samudaya Či
trecerea ÃŪn nefiinČÄ a fenomenelor ÃŪn Vedana; sau altceva, [realizÃĒnd:]
âacest lucru este Vedana!â Sati este prezentÄ ÃŪn el, doar ÃŪn mÄsura ÃŪn
care simpla “Či simpla Paáđissati, el locuieČte detaČatÄ Či nu se agaČÄ
de nimic din lume. Astfel, bhikkhus, un bhikkhu temporizÄri Observing
Vedana ÃŪn Vedana.
III. Observarea CITTA.
Či mai mult, Bhikkhus, cum aratÄ un Bhikkhu care locuieČte Citta ÃŪn Citta?
Aici, Bhikhus, un Bhikkhu ÃŪl ÃŪnČelege pe Citta cu RÃĒga ca “Citta cu
RÃĒga”, sau ÃŪl ÃŪnČelege pe Citta fÄrÄ RÃĒga ca “Citta fÄrÄ RÃĒga”, sau ÃŪl
ÃŪnČelege pe Citta cu DOSA ca “Citta cu Dosa”, sau ÃŪl ÃŪnČelege pe Citta
fÄrÄ dosa ca “Citta fÄrÄ Dosa”, sau ÃŪl ÃŪnČelege pe Citta cu Moha ca
“Citta cu Moha”, sau ÃŪl ÃŪnČelege pe Citta fÄrÄ moha ca “Citta fÄrÄ
Moha”, sau ÃŪnČelege o citatÄ colectatÄ ca “Citta colectatÄ” sau ÃŪnČelege
o ÃŪmprÄČtiatÄ citta ca “o cita ÃŪmprÄČtiatÄ”, sau el ÃŪnČelege o citatÄ
extinsÄ ca “un cita expandat”, sau ÃŪnČelege o citatÄ inexpandatÄ ca “un
cita neexpandat”, sau ÃŪnČelege o citatÄ ÃŪncÄpÄČÃĒnatÄ ca fiind “o citta
depÄČitÄ”, sau ÃŪnČelege el o citatÄ de neegalabilÄ ca “o citatÄ de
neegalabilÄ” sau ÃŪnČelege o citatÄ concentratÄ ca “o citta concentratÄ”
sau ÃŪnČelege o citta neconcentratÄ ca “Citta neconcentratÄ”, sau
ÃŪnČelege o Citta eliberatÄ ca “Citta eliberatÄ”, sau El ÃŪnČelege o
citatÄ neprevÄzutÄ ca “un indiciu CITTA CITTA “.
Astfel locuieČte cu privire la respectÃĒnd Citta ÃŪn Citta pe plan intern
sau locuieČte sÄ observe Citta ÃŪn Citta extern, sau locuieČte sÄ
observe Citta ÃŪn Citta intern Či extern; El locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya
de fenomene ÃŪn Citta, sau locuieČte observÃĒnd trecerea fenomenelor ÃŪn
Citta sau locuieČte observÃĒnd Samudaya Či trecerea fenomenelor ÃŪn Citta;
sau altceva, [Realizarea:] “Aceasta este CITTA!” Sati este prezentÄ ÃŪn
el, doar ÃŪn mÄsura ÃŪn care simpla “Či simpla Paáđissati, el locuieČte
detaČatÄ Či nu se agaČÄ de nimic din lume. Astfel, Bhikkhus, un Bhikkhu
locuieČte observÃĒnd Citta ÃŪn Citta.
Buddha Citate
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Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final
Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
And
how, bhikkhus, does a bhikkhu dwell observing kÄya in kÄya? Here,
bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, having gone to the forest or having gone at the
root of a tree or having gone to an empty room, sits down folding the
legs crosswise, setting kÄya upright, and setting sati parimukhaáđ. Being
thus sato he breathes in, being thus sato he breathes out. Breathing in
long he understands: âI am breathing in longâ; breathing out long he
understands: âI am breathing out longâ; breathing in short he
understands: âI am breathing in shortâ; breathing out short he
understands: âI am breathing out shortâ; he trains himself: âfeeling the
whole kÄya, I will breathe inâ; he trains himself: âfeeling the whole
kÄya, I will breathe outâ; he trains himself: âcalming down the
kÄya-saáđ khÄras, I will breathe inâ; he trains himself: âcalming down the
kÄya-saáđ khÄras, I will breathe outâ.
āŪŪāŪąāŊāŪąāŊāŪŪāŊ āŪāŪŠāŊāŪŠāŪāŪŋ,āŪŠāŪŋāŪāŊāŪāŊāŪāŊāŪāŪģāŊāŪāŊāŪāŪģāŊ,kÄya in kÄya (āŪāŪāŪēāŪŋāŪēāŊ āŪāŪāŪēāŊ āŪāŪĩāŪĐāŪŋāŪĪāŊāŪĪāŊ āŪĩāŪāŪŋāŪāŊāŪāŪŋāŪ°āŪūāŪ°āŊ?
SeyyathÄpi,
bhikkhave, dakkho bhamakÄro vÄ bhamakÄr·antevÄsÄŦ vÄ dÄŦghaáđ vÄ aÃąchanto
âdÄŦghaáđ aÃąchÄmÄŦâ ti pajÄnÄti; rassaáđ vÄ aÃąchanto ârassaáđ aÃąchÄmÄŦâ ti
pajÄnÄti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dÄŦghaáđ vÄ assasanto âdÄŦghaáđ
assasÄmÄŦâ ti pajÄnÄti; dÄŦghaáđ vÄ passasanto âdÄŦghaáđ passasÄmÄŦâ ti
pajÄnÄti; rassaáđ vÄ assasanto ârassaáđ assasÄmÄŦâ ti pajÄnÄti; rassaáđ vÄ
passasanto ârassaáđ passasÄmÄŦâ ti pajÄnÄti; âsabba-kÄya-paáđisaáđvedÄŦ
assasissÄmÄŦâ ti sikkhati; âsabba-kÄya-paáđisaáđvedÄŦ passasissÄmÄŦâ ti
sikkhati; âpassambhayaáđ kÄya-saáđ khÄraáđ assasissÄmÄŦâ ti sikkhati;
âpassambhayaáđ kÄya-saáđ khÄraáđ passasissÄmÄŦâ ti sikkhati. âĻ
Just
as, bhikkhus, a skillful turner or a turnerâs apprentice, making a long
turn, understands: âI am making a long turnâ; making a short turn, he
understands: âI am making a short turnâ; in the same way, bhikkhus, a
bhikkhu, breathing in long, understands: âI am breathing in longâ;
breathing out long he understands: âI am breathing out longâ; breathing
in short he understands: âI am breathing in shortâ; breathing out short
he understands: âI am breathing out shortâ; he trains himself: âfeeling
the whole kÄya, I will breathe inâ; he trains himself: âfeeling the
whole kÄya, I will breathe outâ; he trains himself: âcalming down the
kÄya-saáđ khÄras, I will breathe inâ; he trains himself: âcalming down the
kÄya-saáđ khÄras, I will breathe outâ.
Thus
he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya internally, or he dwells observing
kÄya in kÄya externally, or he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya internally
and externally; he dwells observing the samudaya of phenomena in kÄya,
or he dwells observing the passing away of phenomena in kÄya, or he
dwells observing the samudaya and passing away of phenomena in kÄya; or
else, [realizing:] âthis is kÄya!â sati is present in him, just to the
extent of mere ÃąÄáđa and mere paáđissati, he dwells detached, and does not
cling to anything in the world. Thus, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu dwells
observing kÄya in kÄya. âĻ
As Últimas instruçÃĩes nas prÃģprias palavras de Buddha citaçÃĩes em Sutta Piáđaka-Digha NikÄya MahÄparinibbÄna Sutta
DN 16 - (D II 137)
MahÄparinibbÄna sutta.
{trechos}
As Últimas instruçÃĩes de Buddha em MahÄ-ParinibbÄna
Este
sutta reÚne vÃĄrias instruçÃĩes que o Buda deu por uma questÃĢo de
seguidores depois de sua morte, o que faz com que seja um conjunto muito
importante de instruçÃĩes para nÃģs hoje em dia.
Eu
vou expor o discurso sobre o Dhamma que ÃĐ chamado DhammÄdÄsa, possuÃdo
pelo qual o AriyasÄvaka, se ele tÃĢo desejos, pode declarar-se: ‘Para
mim, nÃĢo hÃĄ mais Niraya, nÃĢo mais TiracchÄna-yoni, nÃĢo mais Pettivisaya,
nÃĢo mais Mais estado de infelicidade, de desgraça, de misÃĐria, eu sou
um SotÄpanna, por natureza livre de estados de misÃĐria, certos de ser
destinado a Sambodhi.
E o que, Änanda, ÃĐ
Esse
discurso sobre o Dhamma que ÃĐ chamado DhammÄdÄsa, possuidor do qual o
AriyasÄvaka, se ele deseja, pode declarar-se: ‘Para mim, nÃĢo hÃĄ mais
Niraya, nÃĢo mais TiracchÄna-yoni, nÃĢo mais Pettivisaya, nÃĢo mais
Infelicidade, de desgraça, de misÃĐria, eu sou um SotÄpanna, por natureza
livre de estados de misÃĐria, certo de ser destinado a Sambodhi?
Aqui, Änanda, um ariyasÄvaka ÃĐ dotado de Buddhe AvecCappasÄda:
Ele ÃĐ dotado de Dhamme AvecCappasÄda:
Ele ÃĐ dotado de saáđ ghe aveccappasÄda:
Ele ÃĐ dotado de um SÄŦla que ÃĐ agradÃĄvel aos Ariyas,
Isso,
Änanda, ÃĐ o discurso sobre o Dhamma que ÃĐ chamado de DhammÄdÄsa,
possuidor do qual o ariyasÄvaka, se ele assim deseja, pode declarar-se:
‘Para mim, nÃĢo hÃĄ mais Niraya, nÃĢo mais TiracchÄna-yoni, nÃĢo mais
Pettivisaya NÃĢo hÃĄ mais estado de infelicidade, de desgraça, de misÃĐria,
sou um SotÄpanna, por natureza livre de estados de misÃĐria, certo de
ser destinado a Sambodhi.
Sato VocÊ deve permanecer, Bhikkhus e SampajÄnos. Esta ÃĐ a nossa intruçÃĢo para vocÊ.
E como, Bhikkhus, ÃĐ um BHIKKHU SATO? Aqui, bhikkhus, um bhikkhu
Assim, Bhikkhus, ÃĐ um BHIKKHU SATO. E como, Bhikkhus, ÃĐ um Bhikkhu SampajÄno? Aqui, Bhikkhus,
Assim, Bhikkhus, ÃĐ um Bhikkhu SampajÄno. Sato VocÊ deve permanecer, Bhikkhus e SampajÄnos. Esta ÃĐ a nossa intruçÃĢo para vocÊ.
- ANANDA, THE TWIN SALA
As
ÃĄrvores estÃĢo em plena floraçÃĢo, embora nÃĢo seja a estaçÃĢo de floraçÃĢo.
E as flores da chuva no corpo do Tathagata e soltar e espalhar e sÃĢo
espalhadas em adoraçÃĢo do Tathagata. E flores corais celestiais e pÃģ de
sÃĒndalo celestial do cÃĐu chuva para baixo sobre o corpo do Tathagata, e
soltar e espalhar e sÃĢo espalhados em adoraçÃĢo do Tathagata. E o som das
vozes celestiais e instrumentos celestiais faz mÚsica no ar fora da
reverÊncia pelo Tathagata.
NÃĢo
ÃĐ por isso, Änanda, que a TathÄgata ÃĐ respeitada, venerada, estimada,
homenagem e honrada. Mas, Ananda, qualquer bhikkhu ou Bhikkhuni, leigo
ou leigo, restante Dhamm’Änudhamma’p'paáđipanna, SÄmÄŦci’p'paáđipanna,
Vivendo
de acordo com o Dhamma, que um respeito, venerates, esteiÊncias,
homenageia e honra o TathÄgata com a mais excelente homenagem. Portanto,
Änanda, vocÊ deve treinar-se assim: “Vamos nos manter
Dhamm’Änudhamma’p'paáđipanna, SÄmÄŦci’p'paáđipanna, vivendo de acordo com o
Dhamma”.
Bhagawan Buddha diz
“Meus
irmÃĢos, existem esses dois extremos que uma pessoa no caminho deve
evitar. Que dois? Um ÃĐ mergulhar a si mesmo em prazeres sensuais. E o
outro ÃĐ praticar asusteridades que privam o corpo de suas necessidades.
Ambos os extremos levam ao fracasso.
“O
caminho que descobri ÃĐ o caminho do meio, que evita ambos os extremos e
tem a capacidade de levar um a entender, libertaçÃĢo e paz. à o nobre
caminho oito do entendimento correto, pensamento certo, discurso
direito, açÃĢo correta, meios de subsistÊncia corretos, esforço certo,
atençÃĢo certa e concentraçÃĢo certa. Eu segui este nobre caminho oito
doito e percebi compreensÃĢo, libertaçÃĢo e paz.
A
primeira ÃĐ a existÊncia de sofrimento. Nascimento, velhice, doença e
morte sofrem. Tristeza, raiva, ciÚme, preocupaçÃĢo, ansiedade, medo e
desespero sofrem. A separaçÃĢo dos entes queridos estÃĄ sofrendo.
AssociaçÃĢo com aqueles que vocÊ nÃĢo gosta estÃĄ sofrendo. Desejo, apego e
agarrar-se aos cinco agregados estÃĢo sofrendo.
“IrmÃĢos, a segunda verdade revela a causa do sofrimento. Por causa
da ignorÃĒncia, as pessoas nÃĢo podem ver a verdade sobre a vida, e elas
se tornam capturadas nas chamas de desejo, raiva, ciÚme, pesar,
preocupaçÃĢo, medo e desespero.
“IrmÃĢos, a terceira verdade ÃĐ a cessaçÃĢo do sofrimento.
Entender a verdade da vida traz a cessaçÃĢo de toda dor e tristeza e dÃĄ origem à paz e alegria.
“IrmÃĢos, a quarta verdade ÃĐ o caminho que leva à cessaçÃĢo do
sofrimento. Ã o nobre caminho de oitubro, que acabei de explicar. O
nobre caminho de oitados ÃĐ nutrido vivendo conscientemente. A atençÃĢo
plena leva à concentraçÃĢo e compreensÃĢo, com liberta vocÊ de toda dor e
tristeza e leva à paz e à alegria. Eu vou guiÃĄ-lo ao longo deste caminho
de realizaçÃĢo.
“A visÃĢo surgiu, surgiu insights, surgiu discernimento, surgiu o
conhecimento, a iluminaçÃĢo surgiu dentro de mim em relaçÃĢo à s coisas
nunca ouvidas antes:” Esta verdade nobre da estresse foi compreendida “.
“A
verdade nobre da cessaçÃĢo do estresse: a completa desbotamento e
cessaçÃĢo, renÚncia, renÚncia, liberaçÃĢo e deixar de lado esse desejo.
Esta verdade nobre da cessaçÃĢo do estresse foi realizada. Esta ÃĐ a nobre
verdade do modo de prÃĄtica, levando à cessaçÃĢo do estresse.
“Assim
que meu conhecimento e visÃĢo em relaçÃĢo a essas quatro verdades nobres
como eles vieram - era verdadeiramente puro, entÃĢo eu reivindicei ter
despertado diretamente para o auto-despertar auto-despertÃĄvel sem graça
no cosmos com todas as suas guias invisÃveis, contemplativos, Brahmans,
sua realeza e commonfolk. Conhecimento e visÃĢo surgiram em mim:
‘InabalÃĄvel ÃĐ meu lançamento. Este ÃĐ meu Último nascimento. NÃĢo hÃĄ agora
nenhuma existÊncia renovada “.
Enquanto
Siddhartha estava explicando as quatro verdades nobres, um dos monges,
Kondanna de repente sentiu um grande brilho dentro de sua prÃģpria mente.
Ele poderia provar a libertaçÃĢo que ele havia procurado por tanto
tempo. Seu rosto sorriu de alegria. O Buda apontou para ele e chorou:
“Kondanna! VocÊ tem! VocÊ tem! “
Kondanna
se juntou a suas palmas e curvou-se antes de Siddhartha. Com mais
profundo respeito, ele falou, “Gautama venerÃĄvel, por favor me aceite
como seu discÃpulo. Eu sei que, sob sua orientaçÃĢo, atingirei o grande
despertar “.
Os
outros quatro monges tambÃĐm se curvaram nos pÃĐs de Siddhartha,
juntaram-se à s palmas das mÃĢos e pediram para serem recebidos como
discÃpulos. Siddhartha disse: “IrmÃĢos! Os filhos da aldeia me deram o
nome “The Buddha”. VocÊ tambÃĐm pode me ligar por esse nome, se quiser. “
Kondanna perguntou: “Buda” nÃĢo significa “quem ÃĐ despertado”? “
“Isso estÃĄ correto, e eles chamam o caminho que descobri” o modo de despertar. “O que vocÊ acha desse nome?”
“Aquele
que ÃĐ despertado ‘! ‘The Way of Despertar’! Maravilhoso! Maravilhoso!
Esses nomes sÃĢo verdadeiros, mas simples. Vamos felizmente te chamar do
Buda, e o caminho que vocÊ descobriu o caminho do despertar. Como vocÊ
acabou de dizer, viver cada dia conscientemente ÃĐ a base da prÃĄtica
espiritual “. Os cinco monges eram de uma mente para aceitar gautama
como seu professor e chamÃĄ-lo de Buda.
O
Buda sorriu para eles. Por favor, irmÃĢos, pratique com um espÃrito
aberto e inteligente, e em trÊs meses vocÊ terÃĄ alcançado o fruto da
libertaçÃĢo “.
As prÃģprias palavras de Buddha citaçÃĩes na assistÊncia à consciÊncia
MahÄ + satipaáđáđhana.
ReligiÃĩes, raças, castas, desigualdades,
Estavam lÃĄ
Existem
E
ContinuarÃĄ a estar lÃĄ!
Dr b.r.bedkar trovejou “Main Bharat Baudhmay Karunga”. (Eu farei este paÃs budista)
Todas
as sociedades despertadas aborÃgenes trovÃĢo hilarianto “Hum Prapanch
Prabuddha PrapancheMay Karunge.” (NÃģs faremos o mundo inteiro Prabuddha
Prapanch
Isso vai acontecer atravÃĐs
ConvençÃĢo
de intelectuais de prabuddha on-line gratuita em despertar as prÃģprias
palavras para o bem-estar, felicidade e paz para todas as sociedades e
para eles alcançar uma felicidade eterna como objetivo final atravÃĐs de
MahÄ + Satipaáđáđhana - atendimento à consciÊncia por observaçÃĢo da seçÃĢo
de KÄya em ÄnÄpÄna, posturas, SampajaÃąÃąa, repulsividade, os elementos,
os nove terrenos de charnel, de VedanÄ e citta
EntÃĢo
ReligiÃĩes, raças, castas e desigualdades
NÃĢo estarÃĄ lÃĄ!
Tipitaka.
DN 22 - (D II 290)
MahÄsatipaáđáđhana Sutta.
Atendimento à consciÊncia de Buddha
MahÄ + satipaáđáđhana.
Este sutta ÃĐ amplamente considerado como a principal referÊncia para a prÃĄtica de meditaçÃĢo.
IntroduçÃĢo
I. ObservaçÃĢo de KÄya
A. SeçÃĢo em ÄnÄpana
B. SeçÃĢo sobre posturas
C. SeçÃĢo em SampajaÃąÃąa
D. seçÃĢo sobre repulsividade
E. SeçÃĢo sobre os elementos
F. SeçÃĢo nos nove terrenos de charnel
Ii. ObservaçÃĢo de VedanÄ.
IntroduçÃĢo
Assim eu ouvi:
Em
uma ocasiÃĢo, o BhagavÄ ficou entre os Kurus em KammÄsadhamma, uma
cidade de mercado dos Kurus. LÃĄ, ele se dirigiu ao Bhikkhus:
- Bhikkhus.
- Bhaddante respondeu ao Bhikkhus. O BhagavÄ disse:
- Esse,
Bhikkhus, ÃĐ o caminho que leva a nada alÃĐm da purificaçÃĢo de
Seres,
a superaçÃĢo de tristeza e lamentaçÃĢo, o desaparecimento de
Dukkha-Domanassa, a realizaçÃĢo do caminho certo, a realizaçÃĢo de
Nibbana, isto ÃĐ, os quatro satipaáđáđhanas.
Quais quatro?
Aqui, Bhikkhus, um Bhikkhu habita observando KÄya em KÄya, ÄtÄpÄŦ
SampajÄno, SatimÄ, tendo desistido de AbhijjhÄ-Domanassa em relaçÃĢo ao mundo.
Ele
habita observando VedanÄ em VedanÄ, ÄtÄpÄŦ SampajÄno, SatimÄ, tendo
desistido de AbhijjhÄ-Domanassa em relaçÃĢo ao mundo. Ele habita a
observaçÃĢo de Citta em Citta, ÄtÄpÄŦ SampajÄno, SatimÄ, tendo desistido
de AbhijjhÄ-Domanassa em relaçÃĢo ao mundo. Ele habita observando Dhamma ·
S em Dhamma · S, ÄtÄpÄŦ SampajÄno, SatimÄ, tendo desistido de
AbhijjhÄ-Domanassa em relaçÃĢo ao mundo.
I. KÄyÄnupassanÄ.
A. SeçÃĢo em ÄnÄpana
E
Como,
Bhikkhus, faz um Bhikkhu Dwell observando KÄya em KÄya? Aqui, Bhikkhus,
um Bhikkhu, tendo ido para a floresta ou tendo ido para a raiz de uma
ÃĄrvore ou tendo ido a uma sala vazia, senta-se dobrando as pernas
transversalmente, configurando KÄya na posiçÃĢo vertical, e definindo
Sati Parimukhaáđ. Ser, portanto, Sato, ele respira, sendo, portanto, ele
respira. Respirar hÃĄ muito tempo ele entende: ‘Estou respirando por
muito tempo’; Respirando muito tempo ele entende: ‘Estou respirando por
muito tempo’; RespiraçÃĢo em breve, ele entende: ‘Estou respirando
curto’; RespiraçÃĢo para fora, ele entende: ‘Estou respirando curto’; Ele
se treina: ‘Sentindo o KÄya, eu vou respirar’; Ele se treina: “Sentindo
todo o KÄya, vou respirar”; Ele se treina: “Acalme-se do
KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, vou respirar”; Ele se treina: “Acalme-se do
KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, eu vou respirar”.
Somente
Como,
Bhikkhus, um turner hÃĄbil ou um aprendiz de um turner, fazendo um longo
turno, entende: ‘Estou fazendo um longo turno’; Fazendo uma curta
volta, ele entende: ‘Eu estou fazendo um curto turno’; Da mesma forma,
Bhikkhus, um Bhikkhu, respirando por muito tempo, entende: ‘Estou
respirando por muito tempo’; respirando muito tempo ele entende: ‘Estou
respirando por muito tempo’; RespiraçÃĢo em breve, ele entende: ‘Estou
respirando curto’; RespiraçÃĢo para fora, ele entende: ‘Estou respirando
curto’; Ele se treina: “Sentindo todo o KÄya, vou respirar”; Ele se
treina: “Sentindo todo o KÄya, vou respirar”; Ele se treina: “Acalme-se
do KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, vou respirar”; Ele se treina: “Acalme-se do
KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, eu vou respirar”.
Assim, ele habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya internamente,
ou
ele habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya externamente, ou habita a
observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya internamente e externamente; Ele habita a
observaçÃĢo do Samudaya de fenÃīmenos em KÄya, ou ele habita observando o
passar do fenÃīmeno em KÄya, ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya e se
afastando dos fenÃīmenos em KÄya; ou entÃĢo, [percebendo:] “Isso ÃĐ KÄya!”
Sati estÃĄ presente nele, apenas na extensÃĢo de meros ÃąÄáđa e mera
paáđissati, ele morava destacado, e nÃĢo se apega a nada no mundo. Assim,
Bhikkhus, um Bhikkhu habita observando KÄya em KÄya.
B. IriyÄpatha Pabba.
AlÃĐm disso,
Bhikkhus, um bhikkhu, enquanto caminhava, entende: ‘Eu estou andando’, ou
Enquanto de pÃĐ ele entende: ‘Eu estou de pÃĐ’, ou enquanto sentado ele
Compreende:
‘Eu estou sentado’, ou enquanto deitei ele entende: ‘Estou deitado’. Ou
entÃĢo, em qualquer posiçÃĢo que seu KÄya esteja disposto, ele entende
isso de acordo.
C. SeçÃĢo em SampajaÃąÃąa
AlÃĐm disso,
Bhikkhus,
um bhikkhu, enquanto se aproxima e, ao se aproximar, age com
SampajaÃąÃąa, enquanto olha para a frente e enquanto olha em volta, ele
age com SampajaÃąÃąa, enquanto se dobra e enquanto se alongamento, ele age
com SampajaÃąÃąa, enquanto vocÊ estÃĄ usando as vestes e o roupÃĢo superior
e o roupÃĢo. A tigela, ele age com SampajaÃąÃąa, enquanto comendo,
enquanto bebe, enquanto mastigando, enquanto degustaçÃĢo, ele age com
SampajaÃąÃąa, enquanto participava do negÃģcio de defecar e urinar, ele age
com SampajaÃąa, enquanto estÃĄ sentado, enquanto Dormindo, enquanto
estiver acordado, enquanto fala e ficando em silÊncio, ele age com
SampajaÃąÃąa.
Assim, ele habita observando KÄya em KÄya internamente, ou ele
habita
observando KÄya em KÄya externamente, ou habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya em
KÄya internamente e externamente; Ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya
de fenÃīmenos em KÄya, ou ele habita observando o passar do fenÃīmeno em
KÄya, ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya e se afastando dos
fenÃīmenos em KÄya; ou entÃĢo, [percebendo:] “Isso ÃĐ KÄya!” Sati estÃĄ
presente nele, apenas na extensÃĢo de meros ÃąÄáđa e mera paáđissati, ele
morava destacado, e nÃĢo se apega a nada no mundo. Assim, Bhikkhus, um
Bhikkhu habita observando KÄya em KÄya.
D. seçÃĢo sobre repulsividade
AlÃĐm disso,
Bhikkhus, um bhikkhu considera este prÃģprio corpo, desde as solas do
pÃĐs
para cima e do cabelo na cabeça para baixo, que ÃĐ delimitado por sua
pele e cheio de vÃĄrios tipos de impurezas: “Neste KÄya, hÃĄ os cabelos da
cabeça, pÊlos do corpo, pregos, dentes, pele, carne ,
Assim
como se, Bhikkhus, havia uma sacola com duas aberturas e cheias de
vÃĄrios tipos de grÃĢos, como colina, paddy, feijÃĢo de mungo, ervilhas,
sementes de gergelim e arroz descascado. Um homem com boa visÃĢo, nÃĢo o
desfilinou, consideraria [seu conteÚdo]: “Isso ÃĐ Hill-Paddy, isso ÃĐ
paddy, esses sÃĢo feijÃĩes de mungo, aqueles sÃĢo ervilhas de vaca, essas
sÃĢo sementes de gergelim e isso ÃĐ arroz descascado”. Da mesma forma,
Bhikkhus, um bhikkhu considera este corpo, das solas dos pÃĐs para cima e
do cabelo na cabeça para baixo,
que ÃĐ delimitado por sua pele e cheia de vÃĄrios tipos de impurezas:
“Neste KÄya, hÃĄ os cabelos da cabeça, pÊlos do corpo,
pregos,
dentes, pele, carne, tendÃĩes, ossos, Ãģssea medula, rins, coraçÃĢo,
fÃgado, pleura, baço, pulmÃĩes, intestinos, mesentery, estÃīmago com o seu
conteÚdo, fezes, bile, fleuma, pus, sangue, suor, gordura, LÃĄgrimas,
graxa, saliva, muco nasal, fluido sinovial e urina. “
Assim, ele habita observando KÄya em KÄya internamente, ou ele
habita
observando KÄya em KÄya externamente, ou habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya em
KÄya internamente e externamente; Ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya
de fenÃīmenos em KÄya, ou ele habita observando o passar do fenÃīmeno em
KÄya, ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya e se afastando dos
fenÃīmenos em KÄya; ou entÃĢo, [percebendo:] “Isso ÃĐ KÄya!” Sati estÃĄ
apresentando ele, apenas na extensÃĢo de meros ÃąÄáđa e mera paáđissati, ele
morava destacado, e nÃĢo se apega a nada no mundo. Assim, Bhikkhus, um
Bhikkhu habita observando KÄya em KÄya.
E. SeçÃĢo sobre os elementos
AlÃĐm disso,
Bhikkhus, um bhikkhu reflete sobre este muito kÄya, no entanto, ÃĐ colocado,
No entanto, ÃĐ disposto: “Neste KÄya, hÃĄ o elemento da terra, o
elemento de ÃĄgua, o elemento de fogo e o elemento de ar. “
Assim
como, Bhikkhus, um açougueiro hÃĄbil ou um aprendiz de um açougueiro,
tendo matado uma vaca, se sentava em uma encruzilhada cortando em
pedaços; Da mesma forma, Bhikkhus, um bhikkhu reflete nesta muito kÄya,
no entanto, ÃĐ colocado, no entanto, ÃĐ disposto: “NestekÄya, hÃĄ o
elemento da terra, o elemento de ÃĄgua e o elemento de fogo”.
Assim,
ele habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya internamente, ou ele habita a
observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya externamente, ou ele habita
Observando
KÄya em KÄya internamente e externamente; Ele habita a observaçÃĢo do
Samudaya de fenÃīmenos em KÄya, ou ele habita observando o passar do
fenÃīmeno em KÄya, ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya e se afastando
dos fenÃīmenos em KÄya; ou entÃĢo, [percebendo:] “Isso ÃĐ KÄya!” Sati estÃĄ
presente nele, apenas na extensÃĢo de mero ÃÄáđa e mera paáđissati, ele
morava destacado, e nÃĢo se apega a nada no mundo. Thus ele habita a
observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya;
(1)
AlÃĐm disso,
Bhikkhus,
um bhikkhus, como se estivesse vendo um corpo morto, elenco em um chÃĢo,
um dia morto, ou dois dias mortos ou trÊs dias mortos, inchados,
azulejos e lutados, ele considera isso muito kÄya: “This kÄya TambÃĐm ÃĐ
de tal natureza, vai se tornar assim, e nÃĢo estÃĄ livre de tal condiçÃĢo
“.
Assim, ele habita a
observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya internamente, ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo de
KÄya em KÄya externamente, ou habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya
internamente e externamente; Ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya de
fenÃīmenos em KÄya, ou ele habita observando o passar do fenÃīmeno em
KÄya, ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya e se afastando dos
fenÃīmenos em KÄya; ou entÃĢo, [percebendo:] “Isso ÃĐ KÄya!” Sati estÃĄ
presente nele, apenas na extensÃĢo de meros ÃąÄáđa e mera paáđissati, ele
morava destacado, e nÃĢo se apega a nada no mundo. Assim, Bhikkhus, um
Bhikkhu habita observando KÄya em KÄya.
(2)
AlÃĐm disso,
Bhikkhus,
um bhikkhus, como se estivesse vendo um corpo morto, elenco em um chÃĢo,
sendo comido por corvos, sendo comido por falcÃĩes, sendo comido por
abutres, sendo comido por garças, sendo comido por cÃĢes, Tigres, sendo
comidos por panteras, sendo comidos por vÃĄrios tipos de seres, ele
considera isso muito KÄya: “Este KÄya tambÃĐm ÃĐ de tal natureza, vai se
tornar assim, e nÃĢo ÃĐ livre de tal condiçÃĢo”.
Assim,
ele habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya internamente, ou ele habita a
observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya externamente, ou habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya
em KÄya internamente e externamente; Ele habita observando o Samudaya de
fenÃīmenos em KÄya, ou habita observando a morte de fenÃīmenos em KÄya,
ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya e
falando
de fenÃīmenos em KÄya; ou entÃĢo, [percebendo:] “Isso ÃĐ KÄya!” Sati estÃĄ
presente nele, apenas na extensÃĢo de meros ÃąÄáđa e mera paáđissati, ele
morava destacado, e nÃĢo se apega a nada no mundo. Assim, Bhikkhus, um
Bhikkhu habita observando KÄya em KÄya.
(3)
AlÃĐm
disso, Bhikkhus, um Bhikkhu, como se estivesse vendo um corpo morto,
elenco em um chÃĢo, um esqueleto com carne e sangue, mantido juntos por
tendÃĩes, ele considera isso muito kÄya: “Este KÄya tambÃĐm ÃĐ de tal
natureza, vai se tornar assim, e nÃĢo estÃĄ livre de tal condiçÃĢo “.
Assim, ele habita observando KÄya em KÄya internamente, ou ele
habita
observando KÄya em KÄya externamente, ou habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya em
KÄya internamente e externamente; Ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya
de fenÃīmenos em KÄya, ou ele habita observando o passar do fenÃīmeno em
KÄya, ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya e se afastando dos
fenÃīmenos em KÄya; ou entÃĢo, [percebendo:] “Isso ÃĐ KÄya!” Sati estÃĄ
presente nele, apenas na extensÃĢo de meros ÃąÄáđa e mera paáđissati, ele
morava destacado, e nÃĢo se apega a nada no mundo. Assim, Bhikkhus, um
Bhikkhu habita observando KÄya em KÄya.
(4)
AlÃĐm disso,
Bhikkhus,
um bhikkhus, como se estivesse vendo um corpo morto, elenco em um chÃĢo,
um esqueleto sem carne e manchado de sangue, mantido juntos por
tendÃĩes, ele considera isso muito kÄya: “Este KÄya tambÃĐm ÃĐ de tal
natureza, vai se tornar assim, e nÃĢo estÃĄ livre de tal condiçÃĢo “.
Assim,
ele habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya internamente, ou ele habita a
observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya externamente, ou habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya
em KÄya internamente e externamente; Ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya
de fenÃīmenos em KÄya, ou ele habita observando o passar do fenÃīmeno em
KÄya, ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya e se afastando dos
fenÃīmenos em KÄya; ou entÃĢo, [percebendo:] “Isso ÃĐ KÄya!” Sati estÃĄ
presente nele, apenas na extensÃĢo de meros ÃąÄáđa e mera paáđissati, ele
morava destacado, e nÃĢo se apega a nada no mundo. Assim, Bhikkhus, um
Bhikkhu habita observando KÄya em KÄya.
(5)
AlÃĐm
disso, Bhikkhus, um Bhikkhu, como se estivesse vendo um corpo morto,
elenco em um chÃĢo, um esqueleto sem carne nem sangue, mantido juntos por
tendÃĩes, ele considera isso muito kÄya: “Este KÄya tambÃĐm ÃĐ de tal
natureza, vai se tornar assim, e nÃĢo estÃĄ livre de tal condiçÃĢo “.
Assim, ele habita observando KÄya em KÄya internamente, ou ele
habita
observando KÄya em KÄya externamente, ou habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya em
KÄya internamente e externamente; Ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya
de fenÃīmenos em KÄya, ou ele habita observando o passar do fenÃīmeno em
KÄya, ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya e se afastando dos
fenÃīmenos em KÄya; ou entÃĢo, [percebendo:] “Isso ÃĐ KÄya!” Sati estÃĄ
presente nele, apenas na extensÃĢo de meros ÃąÄáđa e mera paáđissati, ele
morava destacado, e nÃĢo se apega a nada no mundo. Assim, Bhikkhus, um
Bhikkhu habita observando KÄya em KÄya.
(6)
AlÃĐm
disso, Bhikkhus, um Bhikkhu, como se estivesse vendo um corpo morto,
elenco em um chÃĢo, desconectado ossos espalhados aqui e ali, aqui um
osso da mÃĢo, hÃĄ um osso de pÃĐ, aqui um osso de tornozelo, hÃĄ um osso de
tornozelo Aqui um osso da coxa, hÃĄ um osso do quadril, aqui uma costela,
hÃĄ um osso traseiro, aqui um osso da coluna, hÃĄ um osso do pescoço,
aqui um osso da mandÃbula, hÃĄ um osso dente, ou hÃĄ o crÃĒnio, ele
considera isso muito kÄya : “Este KÄya tambÃĐm ÃĐ de tal natureza, vai se
tornar assim, e nÃĢo estÃĄ livre de tal condiçÃĢo”.
Assim,
ele habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya internamente, ou ele habita a
observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya externamente, ou habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya
em KÄya internamente e externamente; Ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya
de fenÃīmenos em KÄya, ou ele habita observando o passar do fenÃīmeno em
KÄya, ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya e se afastando dos
fenÃīmenos em KÄya; ou entÃĢo, [percebendo:] “Isso ÃĐ KÄya!” Sati estÃĄ
presente nele, apenas na extensÃĢo de meros ÃąÄáđa e mera paáđissati, ele
morava destacado, e nÃĢo se apega a nada no mundo. Assim, Bhikkhus, um
Bhikkhu habita observando KÄya em KÄya.
(7)
AlÃĐm disso, Bhikkhus, um bhikkhu, assim como se ele fosse
Ver
um corpo morto, elenco em um chÃĢo chÃĢo, os ossos branqueados como uma
concha, ele considera isso muito kÄya: “Este KÄya tambÃĐm ÃĐ de tal
natureza, vai se tornar assim, e nÃĢo ÃĐ livre de tal doença.”
(.
AlÃĐm disso, Bhikkhus, um bhikkhu, assim como se ele fosse
Ver
um corpo morto, elengue-se em um chÃĢo, amontoou os ossos ao longo de um
ano, ele considera isso muito kÄya: “Este KÄya tambÃĐm ÃĐ de tal
natureza, vai se tornar assim, e nÃĢo ÃĐ livre de tal uma condiçÃĢo.”
Assim,
ele habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya internamente, ou ele habita a
observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya externamente, ou habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya
em KÄya internamente e externamente; Ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya
de fenÃīmenos em KÄya, ou ele habita observando o passar do fenÃīmeno em
KÄya, ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya e se afastando dos
fenÃīmenos em KÄya; ou entÃĢo, [percebendo:] “Isso ÃĐ KÄya!” Sati estÃĄ
presente nele, apenas na extensÃĢo de meros ÃąÄáđa e mera paáđissati, ele
morava destacado, e nÃĢo se apega a nada no mundo. Assim, Bhikkhus, um
Bhikkhu habita observando KÄya em KÄya.
(9)
AlÃĐm disso, Bhikkhus, um bhikkhu, assim como se ele fosse
Vendo
um corpo morto, elenco em um chÃĢo chÃĢo, ossos podres reduzidos a pÃģ,
ele considera isso muito kÄya: “Este KÄya tambÃĐm ÃĐ de tal natureza, vai
se tornar assim, e nÃĢo estÃĄ livre de tal condiçÃĢo . “
Assim,
ele habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya internamente, ou ele habita a
observaçÃĢo de KÄya em KÄya externamente, ou habita a observaçÃĢo de KÄya
em KÄya internamente e externamente; Ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya
de fenÃīmenos em KÄya, ou ele habita observando o passar do fenÃīmeno em
KÄya, ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya e se afastando dos
fenÃīmenos em KÄya; ou entÃĢo, [percebendo:] “Isso ÃĐ KÄya!” Sati estÃĄ
presente nele, apenas na extensÃĢo de meros ÃąÄáđa e mera paáđissati, ele
morava destacado, e nÃĢo se apega a nada no mundo. Assim, Bhikkhus, um
Bhikkhu habita observando KÄya em KÄya.
Ii. ObservaçÃĢo de VedanÄ.
E alÃĐm disso, Bhikkhus, como um Bhikkhu habita observando VedanÄ em VedanÄ?
Aqui,
Bhikkhus, um Bhikkhu, experimentando um Sukha VedanÄ, Undersands:
“Estou experimentando um Sukha VedanÄ”; experimentando um dukkha vedanÄ,
undersands:
“Estou
experimentando um dukkha vedanÄ”; Experimentando um Adukkham-AsukhÄ
VedanÄ, Undersands: “Estou experimentando um Adukkham-AsukhÄ VedanÄ”;
Experimentando um Sukha VedanÄ SÄmisa, Undersands: “Estou experimentando
um Sukha VedanÄ SÄmisa”; Experimentando um Sukha VedanÄ NirÄmisa,
Undersands:
“Estou
experimentando um sukha vedanÄ nirÄmisa”; Experimentando um Dukkha
VedanÄ SÄmisa, Undersands: “Estou experimentando um dukkha VedanÄ
SÄmisa”; experimentando um dukkha vedanÄ nirÄmisa, undersands: “Estou
experimentando um dukkha vedanÄ nirÄmisa”; Experimentando um
Adukkham-AsukhÄ VedanÄ SÄmisa, Undersands: “Estou experimentando um
Adukkham-AsukhÄ VedanÄ SÄmisa”; Experimentando um Adukkham-AsukhÄ VedanÄ
NirÄmisa, Undersands: “Estou experimentando um Adukkham-AsukhÄ VedanÄ
NirÄmisa”.
Assim, ele habita a observaçÃĢo de VedanÄ em VedanÄ internamente,
ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo de VedanÄ em VedanÄ externamente, ou ele habita
observando vedanÄ em vedanÄ internamente e externamente; ele habita
Observando
o Samudaya de fenÃīmenos em VedanÄ, ou ele habita observando a morte dos
fenÃīmenos em VedanÄ, ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya e se
afastando dos fenÃīmenos em VedanÄ; ou entÃĢo, [percebendo:] “Isso ÃĐ
vedanÄ!” Sati estÃĄ presente nele, apenas na extensÃĢo de meros ÃąÄáđa e
mera paáđissati, ele morava destacado, e nÃĢo se apega a nada no mundo.
Assim, Bhikkhus, um Bhikkhu habita observando VedanÄ em VedanÄ.
Iii ObservaçÃĢo de Citta.
E alÃĐm disso, Bhikkhus, como um Bhikkhu habita observando citta em citta?
Aqui, Bhikkhus, um Bhikkhu entende Citta com RÄga como “citta com
RÄga”, ou ele entende a Citta sem RÄga como “Citta sem RÄga”, ou ele
entende Citta com Dosa como “Citta com Dosa”, ou ele entende a Citta sem
a Dosa “Citta sem Dosa”, ou ele entende Citta com Moha como “Citta com
Moha”, ou ele entende Citta sem Moha como “citta sem moha”, ou ele
entende uma citta coletada como “uma citta coletada”, ou ele entende um
espalhado citta como “uma citta espalhada”, ou ele entende uma citta
expandida como “uma citta expandida”, ou ele entende uma citta
inexperiente como “uma citta inexpancha”, ou ele entende uma citta
superÃĄvel como “uma citta superÃĄvel”, ou ele entende uma citta
insuperÃĄvel como “uma citta insuperÃĄvel”, ou ele entende uma citta
concentrada como “uma citta concentrada”, ou ele entende uma citta nÃĢo
compreendida como “uma citta nÃĢo compreendida”, ou ele entende uma citta
liberada como “uma citta liberada”, ou ele entende uma citta
unliberated como “um Unli citta bered “.
Assim, ele habita a observaçÃĢo de Citta em Citta internamente, ou
habita a observaçÃĢo de Citta em Citta externamente, ou habita a
observaçÃĢo de Citta em Citta internamente e externamente; Ele habita
observando o Samudaya de fenÃīmenos em Citta, ou ele habita observando a
morte dos fenÃīmenos em Citta, ou ele habita a observaçÃĢo do Samudaya e
se afastando dos fenÃīmenos em Citta; ou entÃĢo, [percebendo:] “Isso ÃĐ
citta!” Sati estÃĄ presente nele, apenas na extensÃĢo de meros ÃąÄáđa e mera
paáđissati, ele morava destacado, e nÃĢo se apega a nada no mundo. Assim,
Bhikkhus, um Bhikkhu habita observando citta em citta.
OBSERVAÃÃES DIÃRIAS (EP. 39)
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Kannada Language: A Glorious Story of History and Evolution
If there is anything we humans can do well, it is communication.
7,117 languages are spoken today.
That
number is constantly in flux, because weâre learning more about the
worldâs languages every day. And beyond that, the languages themselves
are in flux. Theyâre living and dynamic, spoken by communities whose
lives are shaped by our rapidly changing world.
This
is a fragile time: Roughly 0% of languages are now endangered, often
with less than 1,000 speakers remaining. Meanwhile, just 23
languages account for more than half the worldâs population.
When a just born baby is kept isolated without anyone communicating with the
baby,
after a few days it will speak and human natural (Prakrit) a topic of
discussion which frequently emerges when one talks about Kannada is the
influence of Prakrit on Kannada grammar. According to scholars, Prakrit
has had a spot in Karnatakaâs society since the early ages.
Classical Hela Basa (Hela Language),Classical PÄáļ·i
which are the same. Buddha spoke in Magadhi. All the 7,117 languages and
dialects
are off shoot of Classical Magahi Magadhi. Hence all of them are
Classical in nature (Prakrit) of Human Beings, just like all other
living speices have their own naturallanguages for communication.
Sources
suggest that people engaging in vernacular Prakrit may have come into
contact with the Kannada speaking population (before Kannada was used as
an administrative language) and thus influenced a large part of it. For
example, the Kannada word for colour is Banna. The Prakrit word for
color is Vanna. Sound familiar?
History of Kannada Language
Kannada
is a language that was prevalent even in the 3rd Century BCE. The proof
of the existence of the Kannada language is plenty and scattered all
around India and sometimes abroad. For instance, a word called âisilaâ
was found on an Ashokan inscription, which was later confirmed to be a
word from the Kannada language. Several Kannada words were found on this
curious Ashokan inscription. Next, we know the details regarding the
language from Ptolemyâs book, The Geography which speaks of the places
in Karnataka and their language.
Moreover,
the famous Halmidi record of the Kadambas is one of the oldest living
pieces of evidence of the existence of the Kannada language in the 5th
century AD. From this we can well establish the fact that Kannada was a
developed language; both spoken and written from the very early ages.
Another surprising revelation suggested that Kannada was also found in
several Tamil inscriptions. In a 1st century CE Tamil inscription, the
Kannada word âayjayya âwas found. Similarly, in a 3rd Century Tamil
inscription, the word âoppa nappa vlanâ has been repeated throughout the
inscription. This is noteworthy because âoppanappaâ contains the
Kannada word âAppaâ. Several scholars believe that the grammatical
categories found in these inscriptions belong more to Kannada rather
than to Tamil.
Kannada
had become an administrative language around 450 century AD. We know
this due to a full-length stone inscription entirely in the Kannada
language known as the Halmidi inscription. This inscription has been
invaluable in tracing the early culture and paradigms of the society and
culture in Karnataka. Interestingly, Kannada inscriptions are not only
found in Karnataka but are also extensively found in Maharashtra, Andhra
Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, and sometimes in the northern state of
Madhya Pradesh. Yes, Madhya Pradesh. A Kannada inscription was found
near Jabalpur (present-day Madhya Pradesh) which is believed to have
been from the reign of Krishna III. This also tells us about the
inter-communication and reach of languages between the then-cities of
India. It is also important to know that the various inscriptions in
Kannada can be categorized into two segments- Pre-old Kannada (450 to
800 AD) and old Kannada (800 to 1000 AD). Of course, the language
currently spoken is termed Modern Kannada.
The
Kannada literature has been divided into three parts â Old Kannada,
Middle Kannada, and Modern Kannada. The earliest Kannada work speaks
about its grammar and literary styles and most of the early Kannada
texts were poems on religious subjects such as the 12th century Ramayana
by Abhinava Pampa. Speaking about Kannada novels, one of the earliest
forms of Kannada literature which can be considered as a novel is,
âNemicandraâs Lilavatiâ. The story narrates the love story between a
prince and a princess. Another famous Kannada literature is âRajashekara
Vilasaâ by Sadaksaradeva. It is a fictional story written in 1657 which
contains both prose and poetry. From the 20th century, Kannada
literature was influenced by the Western concept of writing and saw an
intermix of writing styles.
Key Figures in Modern Kannada Literature
Modern
Kannada literature saw its development when Maharaja Krishnaraja
Wodeyar III began writing prose based on Sanskrit epics in the early
19th century. The first Modern Kannada novel isâMudramanjushaâ by Kempu
Narayana. The dawn of the 20th century saw the emergence of B.M.
Srikantaiah or B.M. Sri, who revolutionized Modern Kannada literature
and is thus termed as the âFather of modern Kannada literatureâ. B.M.
Sri published his work â English Geethegalu â a collection of poems that
are translated into English. This era was marked by the writing of new,
original work in Modern Kannada, while simultaneously leaving behind
the old forms. Some other famous 21st century Kannada writers include
Kuvempu, V.K. Gokak, K. Shivaram Karanth, Srinivasa, Girish Karnad, U.R.
Ananthamurthy, and Ambikatanayadatta.
The
birth and subsequent development of the Kannada language and literature
is truly fascinating. Emerging from the earliest periods and still
going strong, the works in the Kannada language are a wonder. The stages
of transformation of a language are common in every region. Even
languages such as Hindi, Marathi, Punjabi, and English have evolved and
changed over the years. These changes give birth to the languages as we
know them.
Jambudvipe
Bharatkhande falls under Jambudweep ie., Prabuddha Bharat
culture is the greatest culture in the world and is the oldest nation in
the world has been a nation providing knowledge, science and culture to
the world.
When the world was living in the
darkness of ignorance, the Sun of Knowledge descended from Jambudweep
and showered knowledge on the whole world. In the last 2500 years,
various organizations, invaders and countries invaded Jambudweep and
attacked it repeatedly.
Buddhism exerted an enormous
influence on the civilizations of Southeast Asia and contributed greatly
to the development of a written tradition in that area. About the
beginning of the Common Era, merchants may have settled there, bringing
Buddhist monks with them.
Jambudweep
has been fragmented 24 times in the known history of 2500 years. Many
attacks were made on India by French, Dutch, Kushan, Shak, Yemen,
Greeks, Mughals and British. Nowhere in history it is mentioned that
they attacked countries like Afghanistan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Nepal,
Tibet, Bhutan, Malaysia because all these were part of Jambudweep.
Afghanistan
was recognized as an independent country in 1876, Bhutan in 1906, Sri
Lanka in 1935, Pakistan in 1947. Before 1875, Afghanistan, Bhutan,
Myanmar, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Tibet were important parts of
India. The British were frightened by the revolution against the British
in 1857 and, following the principle of divide and rule, first
separated Afghanistan from India in 1876 and this continued till 1947.
Countries
like Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, Vietnam, and Cambodia
were also unbreakable parts of Jambudweep. The ancient name of Singapore
was Singhpur.
Unbroken Jambudweep extended from the Himalayas to
the Indian Ocean and from Iran to Indonesia. Jambudweepâs area in 1857
was 83 lakh square kilometers, which is currently 33 lakh square
kilometers. From 1857 to 1947, Jambudweep was fragmented many times by
external powers. Afghanistan was separated from Jambudweep in 1876,
Nepal in 1904, Bhutan in 1906, Tibet in 1907, Sri Lanka in 1935, Myanmar
in 1937 and Pakistan in 1947.
Sri Lanka
The British
separated Sri Lanka from Jambudweep in 1935. The old name of Sri Lanka
was Sinhaldeep. The name Sinhaldeep was later renamed Ceylon. Sri
Lankaâs name was Tamraparni during the reign of Emperor Ashoka.
Mahendra, son of Emperor Ashoka and daughter Sanghamitra went to Sri
Lanka to propagate Buddhism. Sri Lanka is a part of united Jambudweep.
Afghanistan
The
ancient name of Afghanistan was Upganasthan and Kandaharâs was
Gandhara. The description of Kandahar i.e. Gandhara is found till the
reign of Shah Jahan. It was a part of Jambudweep. In 1876 Gandamak
treaty was signed between Russia and Britain. After the treaty,
Afghanistan was accepted as a separate country.
Myanmar (Burma)
In 1937, the recognition of a separate country to Myanmar i.e. Burma was given by the British.
Nepal
Lord
Buddha was born in Lumbini. Nepal was made a separate country in 1904
by the British. Nepal was an integral part of Jambudweep ie.,
Prabuddha Bharat during the reigns of Emperor Ashoka. Maharaja
Tribhuvan Singh of Nepal appealed to the then Prime Minister of India,
Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru to merge Nepal with Jambudweep ie., Prabuddha
Bharat, but Jawaharlal Nehru rejected the proposal.
Thailand
The construction of Buddhist temples in Syam began in the third century.Thailand was known as Syam until 1939.
Cambodia
Cambodia
was part of unbroken Jambudweep ie., Prabuddha Bharat. The Kaundinya
dynasty of Jambudweep ie., Prabuddha Bharat origin ruled here from the
first century itself. People here used to worship Buddha. The ancient
name of Ankorwat is Yashodharpur.
Vietnam
The ancient name of Vietnam is Champadesh and its principal cities were Indrapur, Amravati and Vijay.
Malaysia
The ancient name of Malaysia was Malay Desh which means the land of mountains.
Indonesia
The ancient name of Indonesia is Dipantar Bharat means the ocean across Jambudweep ie., Prabuddha Bharat.
Tibet
The
ancient name of Tibet was Trivishtam which was divided into two parts.
One part was given to China and the other to Lama after an agreement
between the Chinese and the British in 1907. In 1954, Indiaâs Prime
Minister Jawaharlal Nehru accepted Tibet as part of China to show his
solidarity to Chinese people.
Bhutan
Bhutan was separated
from Jambudweep ie., Prabuddha Bharat by the British in 1906 and
recognized as a separate country. Bhutan means high ground.
Pakistan
There
was partition of Jambudweep ie., Prabuddha Bharat on August 14, 1947 by
the British and Pakistan came into existence as East Pakistan and West
Pakistan. Mohammad Ali Jinnah had been demanding a separate country on
the basis of religion since 1940 which later became Pakistan. In 1971
with the cooperation Pakistan was divided again and Bangladesh came
into existence. Pakistan and Bangladesh are parts Jambudweep ie.,
Prabuddha Bharat.
After independence in 1947, Pondicherry was
freed from French occupation in 1954. Goa and Daman Diu were liberated
from Portuguese occupation in 1961. Sikkim was liberated in 1975 and
made part of Jambudweep ie., Prabuddha Bharat.
All the countries
which were earlier important parts of Jambudweep ie., Prabuddha Bharat
have become independent countries today. It is not impossible to merge these countries into Jambudweep ie., Prabuddha Bharat
In
different periods Jambudweep ie., Prabuddha Bharat was divided into
different countries. Now these parts can be reconstituted in Jambudweep
ie., Prabuddha Bharat only by merging them one by one as Dr B.R.Ambedkar thundered âMain Bharat Baudhmay karunga.â (I will make this country Buddhist)
All Aboriginal Awakened Societies Thunder â Hum Prapanch Prabuddha Prapanchmay karunge.â (We will make the whole world Prabuddha Prapanch This will happen through Free Online Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention in Awakened Oneâs own words For the Welfare, Happiness and Peace for All Societies and for them to attain Eternal Bliss as their Final Goal.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final
Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Jai Bim Namo Buddha Rohini Buddha Vihar 22-8-2021 poornima was a special Tribute to Bhagwan Buddha’s Theravada Tipitaka paid by Buddhists of Rohini Buddha Vihar for the best of all social people and found the progress in the lives with Buddha Knowledge …
Respected Vasant Ji, You have a wonderful teamwork with all devotees and Upasakas and Upasikas. You will be successful in completing your project.
To
make it strong remember that hunger is the worst kind of illness as
said by the Buddha and Ashoka planted fruit bearing trees throughout his
empire and Manimegalai with her Amudha Surabhi fed all the needy
people. The Planetâs Good Earth in Amudha Surabhi. So letâs start
growing vegetables such as Broccolis, capsicums, cucumbers , beans in pots in every house holds and dwarf fruit trees throughout the world and even in the space. We can approach the forest department to supply fruit bearing trees.
A- A A+ WhatsApp Number 6363308040 Helpline1926 āēāēĻāģāēĻāēĄ
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Karnataka
Forest Department initiated âKrushi Aranya Protsaha Yojane (KAPY)â in
2011-12 in order to promote the co-operation of farmers and general
public in the task of increasing forest and tree cover. As per the
programme, farmers are provided seedlings at subsidized rates from the
nearest nurseries of the Forest Department for planting in their lands.
The farmers are paid an amount of Rs 30 as incentive for every surviving
seedling at the end of the first year. A sum of Rs 30 and Rs 40 per
seedling is provided for each surviving seedling after completion of
second and third year respectively. The incentive is given to encourage
the farmer not only to plant the seedlings but also to nurture them at
least for three years. The total amount of money provided (Rs 100/- per
seedling) more than compensates the cost incurred by the farmer in
procuring and planting the seedling. The incentive is quite substantial
when the farmer plants more number of seedlings. Apart from getting the
financial incentive, the farmers are entitled to get handsome returns
from the grown up trees in various forms such as fruits, seeds, fodder,
firewood, pole, timber, etc.
Letâs be part of such programmes and also support Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention. as Dr B.R.Ambedkar thundered âMain Bharat Baudhmay karunga.â (I will make this country Buddhist) All Aboriginal Awakened Societies Thunder â Hum Prapanch Prabuddha Prapanchmay karunge.â (We will make the whole world Prabuddha Prapanch This will happen through Free Online Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention in Awakened Oneâs own words For the Welfare, Happiness and Peace for All Societies
Potthapada, perception arises first, and knowledge after. And the arising of knowledge comes from the arising of perception. One discerns, âItâs in dependence on this that my knowledge has arisen.â Through this line of reasoning one can realize how perception arises first, and knowledge after, and how the arising of knowledge comes from the arising of perception.
Maha-parinibbana Sutta â Last Days of the Buddha
HAPPY LOTUS
251 subscribers
The Great Discourse on the Total Unbinding
This
wide-ranging sutta, the longest one in the Pali canon, describes the
events leading up to, during, and immediately following the death and
final release (parinibbana) of the Buddha. This colorful narrative
contains a wealth of Dhamma teachings, including the Buddha’s final
instructions that defined how Buddhism would be lived and practiced long
after the Buddha’s death â even to this day. But this sutta also
depicts, in simple language, the poignant human drama that unfolds among
the Buddha’s many devoted followers around the time of the death of
their beloved teacher.
This website is dedicated to those who wish to understand better
the words of the Buddha by learning the basics of Pali language, but who
don’t have much time available for it. The idea is that if their
purpose is merely to get enabled to read the Pali texts and have a fair
feeling of understanding them, even if that understanding does not cover
all the minute details of grammatical rules, they don’t really need to
spend much time struggling with a discouraging learning of tedious
grammatical theory involving such things as numerous declensions and
conjugations.
With the
little knowledge in Tamil learnt in Primary School in Bengaluru the
following was translated in Tamil. Even in English translation the Pali
words have been retained in Pali itself:
For Example
DN 16 - (D ii 137)
MahÄparinibbÄna Sutta
{excerpts}
â The last instructions â
[mahÄ-parinibbÄna]
This sutta gathers various instructions the Buddha gave for
the sake of his followers after his passing away, which makes it be a
very important set of instructions for us nowadays.
I will expound the discourse on the Dhamma which is called
DhammÄdÄsa, possessed of which the ariyasÄvaka, if he so desires, can
declare of himself: âFor me, there is no more niraya, no more
tiracchÄna-yoni, no more pettivisaya, no more state of unhappiness, of
misfortune, of misery, I am a sotÄpanna, by nature free from states of
misery, certain of being destined to sambodhi.
And
what, Änanda, is that discourse on the Dhamma which is called
DhammÄdÄsa, possessed of which the ariyasÄvaka, if he so desires, can
declare of himself: âFor me, there is no more niraya, no more
tiracchÄna-yoni, no more pettivisaya, no more state of unhappiness, of
misfortune, of misery, I am a sotÄpanna, by nature free from states of
misery, certain of being destined to sambodhi?
This,
Änanda, is the discourse on the Dhamma which is called DhammÄdÄsa,
possessed of which the ariyasÄvaka, if he so desires, can declare of
himself: âFor me, there is no more niraya, no more tiracchÄna-yoni, no
more pettivisaya, no more state of unhappiness, of misfortune, of
misery, I am a sotÄpanna, by nature free from states of misery, certain
of being destined to sambodhi. âĻ
â
Ananda, the twin sala trees are in full bloom, though it is not the
season of flowering. And the blossoms rain upon the body of the
Tathagata and drop and scatter and are strewn upon it in worship of the
Tathagata. And celestial coral flowers and heavenly sandalwood powder
from the sky rain down upon the body of the Tathagata, and drop and
scatter and are strewn upon it in worship of the Tathagata. And the
sound of heavenly voices and heavenly instruments makes music in the air
out of reverence for the Tathagata.
It
is not by this, Änanda, that the TathÄgata is respected, venerated,
esteemed, paid homage and honored. But, Ananda, any bhikkhu or
bhikkhuni, layman or laywoman, remaining dhammâÄnudhammaâp’paáđipanna,
sÄmÄŦciâp’paáđipanna, living in accordance with the Dhamma, that one
respects, venerates, esteems, pays homage, and honors the TathÄgata with
the most excellent homage. Therefore, Änanda, you should train
yourselves thus: âWe will remain dhammâÄnudhammaâp’paáđipanna,
sÄmÄŦciâp’paáđipanna, living in accordance with the Dhammaâ.
âSiyÄ
kho panâÄnanda, tumhÄkaáđ evamâassa: âatÄŦta-satthukaáđ pÄvacanaáđ, natthi
no satthÄâ ti. Na kho panâetaáđ, Änanda, evaáđ daáđáđhabbaáđ. Yo vo, Änanda,
mayÄ Dhammo ca Vinayo ca desito paÃąÃąatto, so vo mamâaccayena satthÄ. âĻ
â âTo some of you, Änanda, it may occur thus: âThe words of
the Teacher have ended, there is no longer a Teacherâ. But this,
Änanda,
should not, be so considered. That, Änanda, which I have taught and
made known to you as the Dhamma and the Vinaya, that will be your
Teacher after my passing away. âĻ
Jai
Bim Namo Buddha Rohini Buddha vihar Jambulingam Main Road, General
Kumaramangalam Colony, Kolathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu -600082
https://maps.app.goo.gl/KgUhbXjrdqiXp55s9 22-8-2021 poornima was a special Tribute to Bhagwan Buddha’s Theravada Tipitaka paid by Buddhists of Rohini Buddha Vihar for the best of all social people and found the progress in the lives with Buddha Knowledge .
Surprised
visit Mr Chandersekar sir in our Rohini Buddha vihar Jambulingam Main
Road, General Kumaramangalam Colony, Kolathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
-600082
Climbing
beans can be combined with lighter growing sweet peas such as the
old-fashioned âCupaniâ to make them even more attractive. The scarlet
blooms of a red-flowered bean make a striking combination with the rich
purple flowers of the sweet pea.
A few nasturtiums or calendulas can be sown around the base of the beans to add colour around the top of the container.
Eat Beans And Legumes Every Day And See What Happens To Your Body
Bestie
3.88M subscribers
Will
you feel full for a longer period? Do they make you more energetic?
What about the impact they have on your heart, liver and digestive
system? Letâs talk about all of this AND more…
Do
you get intense food cravings late at night? I know I do. If this is
the case, try beans and legumes. Trust me, they work like magic.
2. More Energy And Enthusiasm
Feeling
weak? A bowl of hot lentil soup can energize your body almost
instantly. Lentils have tons of benefits for your body, similar to that
of chickpeas. In fact, in certain cultures, lentil soup is eaten daily
to keep the body fit and energized.
3. Your Heart Is Getting Healthy
Letâs
face it, nobodyâs looking to die of a heart attack. But the truth is
many of us are careless. You have probably heard a gazillion times how
important it is to eat well and exercise every day. Sure, you need to
stop eating junk and have more nutrition. But what would that be?
4. Your Risk Of Cancer Is Reduced
If
you were to ask me why I love beans so much, my one answer would be
THIS. Beans are awesome for your body, and reduce your chance of getting
colorectal cancer.
5. You Have Better Glucose Metabolism
As
weâve hinted, beans and legumes are great for stabilizing your blood
sugar. But how does that happen, and what does it mean for your body.
For more information, please watch the video until the very end.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final
Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Letâs be part of such programmes and also support Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention. as Dr B.R.Ambedkar thundered âMain Bharat Baudhmay karunga.â (I will make this country Buddhist) All Aboriginal Awakened Societies Thunder â Hum Prapanch Prabuddha Prapanchmay karunge.â (We will make the whole world Prabuddha Prapanch This will happen through Free Online Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention in Awakened Oneâs own words For the Welfare, Happiness and Peace for All Societies
https://www.buddha-vacana.org/
Buddha Vacana
â The words of the Buddha â
Learn Pali online for free and the easy way.
This website is dedicated to those who wish to understand better the
words of the Buddha by learning the basics of Pali language, but who
don’t have much time available for it. The idea is that if their purpose
is merely to get enabled to read the Pali texts and have a fair feeling
of understanding them, even if that understanding does not cover all
the minute details of grammatical rules, they don’t really need to spend
much time struggling with a discouraging learning of tedious
grammatical theory involving such things as numerous declensions and
conjugations.
In that case, it is enough to
limit themselves to simply learn the meaning of the most important Pali
words, because the repeated experience of reading provides an empirical
and intuitive understanding of the most common sentence structures.
They are thus enabled to become autodidacts, choosing the time,
duration, frequency, contents and depth of their own study.
Their understanding of the
Buddha Vacana will become much more precise as they effortlessly learn
and memorize the words and the important formulae that are fundamental
in the Buddha’s teaching, by ways of regular reading. Their learning and
the inspiration they get from it will grow deeper as their receptivity
to the messages of the Teacher will improve.
Disclaimer: This website is created by an autodidact and
is meant for autodidacts. The webmaster has not followed any official
Pali course and there is no claim that all the information presented
here is totally free from errors. Those who want academic precision may
consider joining a formal Pali course. In case the readers notice any
mistake, the webmaster will be grateful if they report it via the
mailbox mentioned under ‘Contact’.
Users of this website may have noticed that only few updates have been made in recent years. The main reason is that Sutta Central
now provides the service this website intended to make available. If
you want a quick tutorial explaining how you can use Sutta Central with a
similar Pali lookup tooltip using pop-up ‘bubbles’, click here.
The only work I keep doing on this part of the website is to expand the
glossary with definitions and references taken only from the Sutta
Pitaka and occasionally the Vinaya Pitaka.
Bhavissanti
bhikkhÅŦ anÄgatam·addhÄnaáđ, ye te suttantÄ tathÄgata·bhÄsitÄ gambhÄŦrÄ
gambhÄŦr·atthÄ lok·uttarÄ suÃąÃąata·p·paáđisaáđyuttÄ, tesu bhaÃąÃąamÄnesu na
sussÅŦsissanti na sotaáđ odahissanti na aÃąÃąÄ cittaáđ upaáđáđhÄpessanti na ca
te dhamme uggahetabbaáđ pariyÄpuáđitabbaáđ maÃąÃąissanti.
In future
time, there will be bhikkhus who will not listen to the utterance of
such discourses which are words of the TathÄgata, profound, profound in
meaning, leading beyond the world, (consistently) connected with
emptiness, they will not lend ear, they will not apply their mind on
knowledge, they will not consider those teachings as to be taken up and
mastered.
Ye pana te suttantÄ kavi·katÄ kÄveyyÄ citta·kkharÄ citta·byaÃąjanÄ bÄhirakÄ sÄvaka·bhÄsitÄ,
tesu bhaÃąÃąamÄnesu sussÅŦsissanti, sotaáđ odahissanti, aÃąÃąÄ cittaáđ
upaáđáđhÄpessanti, te ca dhamme uggahetabbaáđ pariyÄpuáđitabbaáđ maÃąÃąissanti.
On the
contrary, they will listen to the utterance of such discourses which are
literary compositions made by poets, witty words, witty letters, by
people from outside, or the words of disciples, they will lend
ear, they will apply their mind on knowledge, they will consider those
teachings as to be taken up and mastered.
Thus,
bhikkhus, the discourses which are words of the TathÄgata, profound,
profound in meaning, leading beyond the world, (consistently) connected
with emptiness, will disappear.
TasmÄtiha,
bhikkhave, evaáđ sikkhitabbaáđ: âye te suttantÄ tathÄgata·bhÄsitÄ
gambhÄŦrÄ gambhÄŦr·atthÄ lok·uttarÄ suÃąÃąata·p·paáđisaáđyuttÄ, tesu
bhaÃąÃąamÄnesu sussÅŦsissÄma, sotaáđ odahissÄma, aÃąÃąÄ cittaáđ upaáđáđhÄpessÄma,
te ca dhamme uggahetabbaáđ pariyÄpuáđitabbaáđ maÃąÃąissÄmÄâti. EvaÃąhi vo,
bhikkhave, sikkhitabbanti.
Therefore,
bhikkhus, you should train thus: ‘We will listen to the utterance of
such discourses which are words of the TathÄgata, profound, profound in
meaning, leading beyond the world, (consistently) connected with
emptiness, we will lend ear, we will apply our mind on knowledge, we
will consider those teachings as to be taken up and mastered.’ This is
how, bhikkhus, you should train yourselves.
RohiáđÄŦ was a princess of the ÅÄkyas and sister of Anuruddha. She is a ÅrotÄpanna.
Story
When
Anuruddha visited his family in Kapilavastu, his sister RohiáđÄŦ refused
to see him as she was suffering from a certain skin disease. Anuruddha
was persistent and requested her presence. She arrived with her face
covered with a cloth in shame due to her condition. Her brother advised
that she sell some of her clothing and jewellery and have a refectory
constructed for the Buddha and the monks, as this would bring a great
deal of merit. RohiáđÄŦ did as she was advised and was assisted by her
relatives. The construction was supervised by Anuruddha. He instructed
her to fill the water pots every day and sweep the floors of the hall.
She did so and began to slowly recover from her disease.
Once the
hall was complete, the Buddha was invited to partake of alms-food.
After finishing his meal, he sent for RohiáđÄŦ. He asked her if she knew
the reason for her affliction. She replied that she did not, so the
Buddha told her a story of her past.
RohiáđÄŦ had once, in a past
life, been the queen consort of the king of Benares. The king had a
favorite dancing girl, and the queen became incredibly jealous of her
and plotted a scheme against her. One day, she had her attendant put
some itching powder made of cowhage pods in the dancer’s bed. They
called to the dancer, and when she arrived, they threw the powder on
her. In pain and desperation, the girl sought refuge in her bed, which
caused her even more suffering.
The Buddha concluded that RohiáđÄŦ
had come to her current condition due to this evil deed. He exhorted his
audience with the following verse:
One should give up anger,
renounce pride, and overcome all fetters. Suffering never befalls him
who clings not to mind and body and is detached.
ââVerse 221, the Dhammapada After
this discourse, many in the congregation attained the fruit of
steam-entry. Princess RohiáđÄŦ also became a stream-enterer and her
disease disappeared.
https://thebuddhistcentre.com/tags/rohini
Sangharakshita
recounts âThe Buddha Prevents a Warâ. The Buddhaâs lone voice of sanity
in this story is a wonderful template for us to work from when
considering realistic courses of action in the modern world to promote
peace and end warfare.
Rebirth in Heaven
After death,
RohiáđÄŦ was reborn in TrÄyastriáđÅa as a beautiful goddess, at the
boundary of the territories among four deities. They became enamored
with her beauty and each deity laid claim unto her. Unable to settle
their dispute, they sought the advice of Åakra, the lord of
TrÄyastriáđÅa.
Upon seeing her, Åakra turned to the gods and asked
them of the condition of their minds upon seeing this new goddess. One
god said that his mind was tumultuous like battlefield, the second said
his mind was racing swiftly like a mountain river, the third said that
he could not take his eyes off her, as if they were seized in a crab’s
claw. The fourth replied that his mind would not keep still and whipped
about like a flag in the wind.
Åakra declared, âYour minds are
over-powered by this form. As for myself, I want to live; I do not want
to die. And if I do not get RohiáđÄŦ then I shall surely die.â
The gods complied to Shakra’s heavenly authority. He took RohiáđÄŦ as his wife and they departed to enjoy various pleasures.
Åakra (Buddhism)
TrÄyastriáđÅa Heaven according to Buddhist cosmology. He is also referred to by the title “Åakra, Lord of the Devas”
RohiáđÄŦ was a princess of the ÅÄkyas and sister of Anuruddha.
She is a ÅrotÄpanna.
Story Edit
When
Anuruddha visited his family in Kapilavastu, his sister RohiáđÄŦ refused
to see him as she was suffering from a certain skin disease. Anuruddha
was persistent and requested her presence. She arrived with her face
covered with a cloth in shame due to her condition. Her brother advised
that she sell some of her clothing and jewellery and have a refectory
constructed for the Buddha and the monks, as this would bring a great
deal of merit. RohiáđÄŦ did as she was advised and was assisted by her
relatives. The construction was supervised by Anuruddha. He instructed
her to fill the water pots every day and sweep the floors of the hall.
She did so and began to slowly recover from her disease.
Once
the hall was complete, the Buddha was invited to partake of alms-food.
After finishing his meal, he sent for RohiáđÄŦ. He asked her if she knew
the reason for her affliction. She replied that she did not, so the
Buddha told her a story of her past.
RohiáđÄŦ
had once, in a past life, been the queen consort of the king of
Benares. The king had a favorite dancing girl, and the queen became
incredibly jealous of her and plotted a scheme against her. One day, she
had her attendant put some itching powder made of cowhage pods in the
dancer’s bed. They called to the dancer, and when she arrived, they
threw the powder on her. In pain and desperation, the girl sought refuge
in her bed, which caused her even more suffering.
The
Buddha concluded that RohiáđÄŦ had come to her current condition due to
this evil deed. He exhorted his audience with the following verse:
One
should give up anger, renounce pride, and overcome all fetters.
Suffering never befalls him who clings not to mind and body and is
detached.
â Verse 221, the Dhammapada
After
this discourse, many in the congregation attained the fruit of
steam-entry. Princess RohiáđÄŦ also became a stream-enterer and her
disease disappeared.
Sangharakshita
recounts âThe Buddha Prevents a Warâ. The Buddhaâs lone voice of sanity
in this story is a wonderful template for us to work from when
considering realistic courses of action in the modern world to promote
peace and end warfare.
Rebirth in Heaven
After
death, RohiáđÄŦ was reborn in TrÄyastriáđÅa as a beautiful goddess, at the
boundary of the territories among four deities. They became enamored
with her beauty and each deity laid claim unto her. Unable to settle
their dispute, they sought the advice of Åakra, the lord of
TrÄyastriáđÅa.
Upon
seeing her, Åakra turned to the gods and asked them of the condition of
their minds upon seeing this new goddess. One god said that his mind
was tumultuous like battlefield, the second said his mind was racing
swiftly like a mountain river, the third said that he could not take his
eyes off her, as if they were seized in a crab’s claw. The fourth
replied that his mind would not keep still and whipped about like a flag
in the wind.
Åakra
declared, âYour minds are over-powered by this form. As for myself, I
want to live; I do not want to die. And if I do not get RohiáđÄŦ then I
shall surely die.â
The gods complied to Shakra’s heavenly authority. He took RohiáđÄŦ as his wife and they departed to enjoy various pleasures.
Åakra (Buddhism)
TrÄyastriáđÅa Heaven according to Buddhist cosmology. He is also referred to by the title “Åakra, Lord of the Devas”
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final
youtube.com Buddhism and Yoga Sutras of Patanjali Satyam Penn speaking about the link between Yoga Sutras of Patanjali and BuddhismSatyam Penn is a seminarian in the Integral Yoga Ministry, andhas studied InâĶ
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5g3pRGwgK-4&feature=youtu.be The Yoga Suttas of Patanjali: a manual of Buddhist meditation. Translation and free adaptation of the article published on the blog âTheravadin - Theravada Practice Blogâ (http://theravadin.wordpress.com/).
Thinking to be in meditation in different postures. The Yoga Suttas of Patanjali: a manual of Buddhist meditation. Translation and free adaptation of the article published on the blog âTheravadin - Theravada Practice Blogâ (http://theravadin.wordpress.com/). Thinking to be in meditation in different postures. We consider here the Yoga Suttas of Patanjali, a classical text and revered in Hinduism, dated at approx. 200 BC and compared its semantics and vocabulary to Buddhist canonical texts. In summary, this comparison is quite obvious that the author of Yoga Sutta was highly influenced by Buddhist philosophy and meditation practice, possibly contemporaneously to the author. Moreover, it appears that a student of Buddhist canonical texts may in fact be more easily understood than the Yoga Sutta a Hindu practitioner with no other previous reference parameter practical and philosophical. We do not consider comments here later Hindu / Brahman existing this text, some of which seem to avoid (or ignore) the original references to Buddhism in this text. The proximity of the Yoga Sutta-style, vocabulary, and subject to canonical texts in Pali could also mean simply that Patanjali - or whoever it is that inspired his writings - had practiced meditation from a Buddhist contemplative community, a community of monks for a time before returning to Brahmanism and then the movement would have rephrased his experience in order to add a divine touch to your experience, making substantial use of technical terms of Buddhist meditation, as originally framed or developed by the Buddha for the purpose of contemplative practice. But this would be pure speculation, because there is so far no studies or historical finding that supports this understanding. It is also possible, even likely, that the Buddhist meditation had so broadly permeated the practice Hindu / Brahman at the time (after years of a strong cultural influence began with Buddhist proselytism promoted by Ashoka the Buddhist Sangha in his reign and Consolidation of Prabuddha Bharat), that these technical terms as well as descriptions of practice of jhana / dhyana (meditative absorptions) have it built into common knowledge at the point of no longer sounding particularly Buddhists. Something similar to what happens today with the adoption of the ideas of âNibbanaâ and âKammaâ in Western culture, in Christian countries. In particular, if the Yoga Sutta is read in one continuous line is amazing how close the text is the thoughts and topics about samadhi, jhana meditation and Samatha (concentration) as defined in the ancient texts in Pali Buddhist. For a first analysis, an overview. Look at the âAshtanga Yogaâ or the âEightfold Path of Yogaâ (sic) we are certainly inclined to think the definition of the central Buddha of the Noble Eightfold Path. Then compare these two âpaths to reach the samadhi.â First what is in the Yoga Sutta of Patanjali: 1. Yama, on the field conduct, morality or virtue 2. Niyama, self-purification and study 3. Asana, proper posture 4. Pranayama, breath control 5. Pratyahara, the removal of the five senses 6. Dharana, concentration or apprehension of the object meditative 7. Samadhi, meditative absorption And down the list of steps recommended by the Buddha when asked about the gradual development through his teachings. This list is found in many suttas of the volumes of speeches and Mean Length Long, as in other parts of the Canon: 1. Sila, moral conduct or virtue, and Santosa, contentment 2. Samvara, containment or removal of the senses 3. Kayagata-sati and Iriyapatha, or âAsanaâ means the cultivation of mindfulness and four correct postures. 4. Anapanasati, mindfulness of breathing 5. Overcoming Obstacles or five nivarana (sensual desire, ill will, anxiety and remorse, sleep and torpor, doubt, skeptical) 6. Sati, mindfulness, keep the object in mind, often quoted along with the comments dharana canonical. 7. Jhana, levels of meditative absorption 8. Samadhi, a result of absorption, the ârealizationâ of various kinds or SamÄpatti Of course weâre not the first to notice similarities such as the list above. A handful of other authors have noted some more and others less obvious parallels. In fact, even Wikipedia has an entry for Yoga Sutta in which we read: âKarel Werner writes thatâ the system of Patanjali is unthinkable without Buddhism. As far as terminology goes aa long in the Yoga Sutta that reminds us of formulations of the Buddhist Pali Canon and even more Abhidhamma Sarvastivada Sautrantika and school. âRobert Thurman writes that Patanjali was influenced by the success of the Buddhist monastic system to formulate its own matrix for the version of thought he considered orthodox (âĶ) The division between Eight States (Sanskrit Ashtanga) Yoga is reminiscent of the Noble Eightfold Path of Buddha, and the inclusion of brahmavihara (Yoga Sutta 1:33) also shows the influence of Buddhism in parts of the Suttas. â Now this is where the subject becomes interesting for us here on this blog and its relevance to the practice of Buddhist meditation. Does all the above tells us that the Yoga Sutta is a comment Hindu / Brahmin or at least a photograph of meditation practices common (influenced by Buddhism) in the second century BC? If this is the case, definitely warrants a closer look at. Certainly, this is because the text is not a Buddhist but shares a âcoreâ of fundamental ideas on meditation to be able to take it as a sign pointing to a deeper understanding of some of the terminology in the context of the first centuries of Buddhist practice. Thus, if the Yoga Sutta is read in a Buddhist context, one can have some idea of how people understood at that time and (ou!) practiced Buddhist meditation? Could this be of some help in triangular or point of which was the direction of former Buddhist meditation? The more we know how people practiced a few centuries after the Buddhaâs Parinibbana, the more we can understand how some of his teachings have evolved and how they were implemented and explained / taught. What makes this fascinating idea is that this text would definitely be filterable through the eyes of a Hindu / Brahman, but he is still influenced by the âknowledgeâ of Buddhist meditation apparently so well received, and the time of his writing had become the mainstream âcontemplative practices. This would show us how and in what particular point, was considered to be the âessenceâ of meditation (in addition to being philosophical discussion of its purpose) in order to be considered universally true, then that can be âmergedâ into other forms of practice religious. Under this view, the Yoga Sutta is actually quite revealing. Consider a few passages that copies may shed light on this idea. Passages like the following really seems a direct copy and paste the Buddha-Dhamma. Some of them even make much sense in a context of religious doctrine theological-in-search-of-the-soul-creationist , but it fits absolutely in the philosophy of liberation through concentration and wisdom. However, they were considered âtruthâ and âacceptedâ so that the author Hindu / Brahman had no other choice but to incorporate them into their theistic philosophy, reminding us Western Christians today that due to the common acceptance of the idea karma / kamma, sometimes find ways to incorporate this idea in their religious views. Letâs start seeing the following list of impurities that Yoga Sutra tells us must be overcome: âAvidya (ignorance), Asmita (egoism), raga-Dvesha (desires and aversions), Abhinivesha (clinging to mundane life) are the five klesha or distress. Destroy these afflictions [e] You will realize Samadhi. â [Free translation of the original quote from Wikipedia] What impresses the reader as Buddhist before this paragraph is the simple fact that all these impurities listed are those that no longer are you supposed to Arahant one, or Awakened (!!!). That is, according to the text of Patanjali, the âSamadhi of Conductâ would be conceptually the same as the Buddhist Liberation. Consider the terms used: Avijja, ignorance or mental turvidÃĢo is even mentioned in the first place, while clearly a Buddhist point of view is considered the root of all problems. Then âasmitaâ, which is superficially translated as âselfishnessâ by understanding that had developed in shallow Sanskrit tradition that was ignorant of the deeper meaning of that term as used in the suttas of the Pali Canon (or tried to distort to suit your context religious). This term Buddhist in particular, pointing to the deeply embedded ânotion that it isâ (ASMI-tÄ) has a clear explanation in the suttas, but here in this passage and elsewhere, is reduced to a mere âselfishnessâ as a moral impurity devoid of its original psychological application. In the suttas âASMI-Manaâ is a deeply rooted psychological tendency that only a Arahant (Iluminsfo) won [see post âThe scent of amâ blog Theravadin]. And there is also âabhinivesaâ, a term the Buddha uses to explain how our mind comes in and assumes the five groups of attachment. The term âNivesâ denotes a dwelling, a house - a simile brought by the Buddha to show how our consciousness moves âinsideâ of the contact experience of the senses and settles as if living in a house (see Sutta Nipata, Atthakavagga , and Haliddakani Magandiya Sutta Sutta). This usage is decreased very particular psychological context in Hindu / Brahmin to denote only an âattachment to worldly life.âBut here is worth questioning whether this was also shared by superficial understanding or just by Patanjali Yoga Sutra later commentators, who have lost sight of these implications for not having knowledge of or access to the preceding context of Buddhism in the Yoga Sutra was written? And sometimes something awakening about the âsatiâ Buddhist can also be found. We have another pearl of a Buddhist point of view, which can be considered truly revealing: the use of the word âDharanaâ in the text of Patanjali. This is one area in which our contemporary knowledge of Buddhism can benefit from insights. The term âDharanaâ, which literally means short and âI can hold, carry, keep (in mind)â is a good description of the task faced in Buddhist contemplative practice, regardless of what tradition / schoolconsidered. In meditation we also need to maintain our meditation object firmly in focus in mind, without losing it. This central feature of the task undertaken when trying to cultivate meditative concentration, relates as an equivalent to the literal meaning of the Buddhist term âsatiâ (which means reminder / recall) and what is general and now translated simply as âmindfulnessâ - a translation that often aboard with questions. And the reason is as follows, in summary: To maintain the object of meditation in mind you need to remember it. Remember here that means you have to hold, keep in mind, your object of concentration. This is exactly what makes the faculty of memory, usually being pushed away by the impressions with new information by the six senses, which, if penetrated, would result in more or less a wild spin. If you are able to sustain their concentration on one point however - or even as much as you can keep it, one of the laws of functioning of the mind that the Buddha rediscovered and explained in detail that this rebate is âartificialâ senses the support and focus on a particular mental object equivalent to a minor sensory stimulus. As a result of mental calmness and happiness (piti) and happiness index (sukha) will arise and show signs of the primeirs a stronger concentration - these being two of the five factors of meditative absorption (jhana), along with (i) directed thought (vitakka) (ii) sustained (Vicara) and (iii) equanimity (Upekkha). This is also the reason why is quite logical that samma sati, mindfulness, has to come before samma samadhi, full concentration in the Noble Eightfold Path of Buddhism - or, as shown in this case in the Yoga Sutta, âDharanaâ would be the stage immediately prior to âDelivering the Samadhi.â In this case the Yoga Sutra throws much light on the original meaning as understood in the early centuries of Buddhist practice and can help us reach a more precise understanding of what âsamma sati, right mindfulness, originally meant or pointed. (In Theravadin blog post is a rather plain and that shows how sati yoniso manasikara are coming in practical terms, check this link ). On the opposite side, or better, understanding it as a byproduct of the practice of sati is no other term that would best be described as âmindfulness.â The Pali term is sampajaÃąÃąÄ - which literally means ânext-considerationâ, eg, be well aware of when performing an action, then a âclear understandingâ of what it does - but this activity is a result of sati, as having the mind fixed on an object leads to a refined consciousness that arises when during the next and keep the mind of an object, creating a clear understanding of the few sensory impressions that may enter. According to this concept, mindfulness would be a result of sati and not the practice of sati in itself! But again, both activities are happening almost simultaneously, even if not in the same order and then the current use of the term translated can be done - at the same time a fine distinction, however, has its benefits. You can not keep an object from the standpoint of mind without which would create or develop mindfulness in mind - but (unfortunately!) you may be aware of all your actions that you work without the right concentration - as when eat an ice cream, in seeking the sensual pleasure, an example of improper care. This being the fact that unfortunately idealize the interpretations of some Westerners who want to say âBuddhistâ. There is a difference between deliberately let himself be led by sense impressions by focusing on their physical pleasures and enhancing / supporting raga (desire) and nandi (joy) - and, from the perspective of Gotama Buddha, put his feet on the ground using the mindful memory and thus experiencing a more refined awareness of trying to get it off the shaft so that it results in a greater mindfulness, in the culmination of his experience flows into total equanimity in the face of both pleasurable and painful sensations. Thus, then, we must understand as vipassanÄ is no way a synonym for mindfulness (sati) but something that springs from the combination of all these factors especially the last two, samma sati (mindfulness) and samma samadhi (right concentration) applied to the relentless observation of what appears to be in front of (yathabhuta). You could say, vipassanÄ is a name for the Buddhist practice of sati associated samadhi directed to the view anicca / anatta / dukkha (ie, generating the wisdom of the vision of these three features) in the processes of the six senses, including any mental activity. Thus, one will find the term vipassanÄ but the idea of sati in the Yoga Sutra, Buddhist texts mention as the first term clearly having samÄdhi as just the beginning of the journey to insight and access - for example aniccanupassana . Finish here the parenthesis. Suffice to say that any particular reference to the Buddhist philosophy citing anicca antta or point to the goal of Nibbana, a philosophical proposition to which the system of Yoga certainly does not refer. In essence the school of Yoga can be placed below the postures eternalists. So, while it definitely does need to produce sati-samadhi, definitely does not need to understand is samadhi anicca, dukkha and anatta - that does not sound very compatible with the worldview of a eternalistic. Before this, all spiritual approach arise due to the attempt to interpret Samadhi Yoga Sutra as marriage or at least as close as you can get from a âGodâ, a âLord.â Something that sounds quite natural in the end to a theist - such as an Evangelical Christian would never interpret the reduction of its focus on mental object unique sensual ecstasy and consequently a mere effect of a psychological technique, but he would label it âthe divine sign of God touching him. â It is for this reason that, according to the Buddha Dhamma, in fact in most situations we are inclined to be led by the plots of our senses, including the mental impressions / thoughts / feelings / perceptions - and therefore tend to limit ourselves to go beyond such experiences also distorted the merger would allow access to insight and liberation. Returning to the context of comparison with the Christian interpretation of this ecstasy, in short what Patanjali is facing such a theistic interpretation sounds like someone moving a large portion of vocabulary and terminology for the New Testament, which gives this ring a Buddhist. The funny thing is that this is exactly how many of the contemporary New Age books are written - an amalgam of the terms of Western Spirituality / Christian trying to express a view east. So one can imagine that the situation in India was similar to that when the Yoga Sutta was written addressing the Buddhist philosophy of that era. The remaining Buddhist philosophy with his particular terminology established by the Buddha himself would have become so pervasive in religious thought, so to make seemingly trusted what was written on meditation was a need to borrow or rely on several of these Buddhist concepts predominant. This had largely been done or even conscious, as most New Age authors present not even reflect the content of their texts but about the message you want to spend. Thus, below is done in a way a translation - or rather a translation of a transliteration given the proximity between languages - as was done with the text of the Yoga Sutra in Sanskrit brought back to PÄli. Similar to what has been done this Sutra ( Theravadin available on the blog, in English on this link ), the exercise helps us see how the same text would sound the PÄli language, opening then find parallels in ancient Buddhist texts, the suttas. However, having said all that, pragmatism invoked by the text (which is what makes it so valuable) also indicates much more than a simple textual exploration. As you read this you can not discern the notion, especially since the position of a meditator concentration of whoever has written or inspired by this text, at some point personally experienced jhana and samadhi and wanted to convey his experience making use a rich language Buddhist meditation on the same interpretation being directed to an audience Brahman / proto-Hindu India 200 BC. Anyway, check by itself - the pauses between sets of paragraphs labeled in bold are the author / translator and some important technical terms Buddhists were deployed, with additional comments made in italics: Buddhism yoga Karishma Devi 7 subscribers #buddhismâ # yoga # peace of mind # mind set # beauty # the world peace.â_____#buddhismâ _______ _____ please try this in Ur home guys it will be helpful for u and Ur mind guys just try this in empty stomach at morning guys I hope this will be helpful for u guys just try this guyâs please subscribe to my channel guys please
PataÃąjalino yogasuttaáđ (Part I of IV) Introduction atha yogÄnusÄsanaáđ | | 1 | | And now a statement about the European Union (Yoga) [1] Read yourself to be the object of meditation, or an instruction (anusÄsana) on the meditative practice (yoga). yogo-citta-vatta nirodho | | 2 | | The Union (Yogo) is the extinction of the movement of the mind [2] in this passage denotes vatta turbulence, swirl, activity - literally wandering, circling, confused. In this context broadly means âmeditation is (âĶ) a stop to the busy mind,â which is very active and its activity suggests a walk in circles. Probably the most direct (and correct) translation. Tada ditthi (muni) svarÅŦpeâavaáđáđhÄnaáđ | | 3 | | (Only) then he who sees is allowed (to be) in (his) true nature. [3] In the PÄli language Drist the word does not exist, and it would be something like subsitituÃda by Muni, which has the same meaning - ,except, of course, the fact that âhe who seesâ further points in this,case the seeing process. Here was however used the term PÄli ditthi so as to maintain the link with the term semantic ditthi. The alternate translation is then: âSo lets see who (or have the opportunity - avaáđáđhÄna) of being in their true and natural.â Sarup-vatta itaritaraáđ | | 4 | | (Otherwise) at other times we become (equal) to this activity (of mind). Challenges vatta Panza kilesa akilesÄ ca ca | | 5 | | Activities (Mental) are five, some non-contaminating other contaminants pamanes-vipariyesa-vikappa-Nidda-sati | | 6 | | i) Experience (Evident-Measurement), ii) misperception (Illusion), iii) Intentional Thinking / Willing, iv) Sleep / Numbness, v) Memory / Mindfulness. i) pamanes, experience or clear-measurement PaccakkhâÄnumÄnâÄgamÄ honte pamÄáđÄni | | 7 | | What one sees and looks directly (paccakha), taking as a reference - itâs called experience. [7] Literally: âWhat comes through direct visualization and measurement is called the experienceâ ii) Vipariyesa, misperception or illusion Micca vipariyeso-Nanam atad-rÅŦpa-patiáđáđhitaáđ | | 8 | | Illusion is the wrong understanding, based on something (lit. âone wayâ) that is not really. iii) Vikappa, Thought Intentional / Keen Saddam-ÃąÄáđÄnupattÄŦ vatthu-Sunna vikappo | | 9 | | Intentional Thinking / Willing is any way of understanding and unfounded assertion (ie the internal speech, voltiva, partial and willful, based on mental speculation). [9] Alternative translation: âThinking is cognition without a sound object / cause noise (vatthu).Think about it, thoughts are no more than sounds, silent babble that passes through our being. iv) Nidda, Sleep / Numbness abhava-paccayâ-ÄrammaáđÄ vatta Nidda | | 10 | Mental activity in the absence of mental objects is called Sleep / Torpor. v) Sati, the Memory / Mindfulness Anubhuti-visayÄsammosÄ sati | | 11 | | Not to be confused (or not lose) the object (sensory) previously experienced is called Memory / Mindfulness. Abhyasa-virÄgehi Tesam nirodho | | 12 | | The extinction of these [activities] comes from the practice of detachment / cessation of passions (turning) [12] We have here the words turn and nirodha in the same sentence! It can not be more Buddhist canon than this! Interestingly, however, is the current use and non-metaphysical terms of this stretch. They are applied in a simple process of meditation, in particular the process of concentration meditation. This can not go unnoticed and goes directly in line with readings jhanic cultivation practices in Buddhism. The Training tatra-tiáđáđha yatano abhyasi | | 13 | The practiceâs commitment to non-movement (ie, become mentally property (at the same time it parmanece fluid - an excellent description for the concentration!) so-Kala-pana DÄŦgha nirantara-sakkÄrâÄsevito dalhia-bhumi | | 14 | | Mast this (practice) must be based firmly in a long and careful exercise [excellent point here!] [14] This goes in line with what the author wrote the medieval Pali subcomentÃĄrios the volume of the Digha Nikaya, where also we find the combination of the terms and dalhia bhumi - âfirmnessâ and âestablishmentâ - in the same sentence, denoting â firm establishment diáđáđhÄnusavika-visaya-vitaáđhÄya Vasik-Sannes viraga | | 15 | Detachment is the mastery (VASI-kara) of perception, the dropping of the seat (vitaáđhÄ) by the following (anu-savika, lit.âs Subsequent flow) experience a prey to view. parama-tam Puris akkhÄtÄ guáđa-vitaáđhaáđ | | 16 | | This is the climax: the abandonment of the current headquarters of the senses, based on personal revelation / knowledge of self. [16] Here we turned a Brahman, is this approach that allows the soul to win the seat / attachment, Tanh. And this short sentence has much to offer! At that moment in history, Patanjali was so convinced of the Buddhist goal of âopening up the attachment, the seat stop,â which boils down to vitaáđhÄ term he uses. However, it does not give up without a soul which its theistic philosophy simply collapses and nothing in the text would make it distinguishable from a treatise on the Buddha Dhamma. Thus, mounted on a meditative Buddhist terminology and guidelines in the conversation he introduces the term âPuris, which can be read asâ soul, âsaying that the more you get closer to itsâ intrinsic nature â(svarÅŦpa) and inner body âPuri, or soul, you become able to stop itself this seat/ attachment. Interesting. Realization - Jhana / Dhyanas The first jhana / DhyÄna vitakka-vicar-Anand-Asmita rÅŦpâÄnugamÄ sampajaÃąÃąatÄ | | 17 | | This is the alertness (sampajaÃąÃąa) from (the) (Kingdom of) form: a self-directed thought-based consciousness, which remains (to this) and inner happiness. [17] Here we describe an almost identical description of the first jhana used time and again by the Buddha in Pali texts ( see this example ). Indeed, we have a very beautiful description of the first jhana as a form of sampajaÃąÃąatÄ (fully aware of what is happening), after the plan of the form (the theme of our meditation is a mental form) and a combined happiness at the thought we are trying to grasp what itself could be described as the pure experience of âI amâ (Asmita - the term is being used more loosely in place as would suttas). However, the announcement vitakka / vicara the first mention of meditative absorption is a clear reference to the origin of Buddhist Yoga Sutra. Interesting also is the connection that is being done now with sampajaÃąÃąatÄ: Think of everything we have said before about sati. If sati is simply the seizure of an object (the paáđáđhÄna of sati, so to speak), so itâs interesting to see how sampajaÃąÃąÄ this case, is identified with the state of the first jhana. Could this mean that when the Buddha mentions these two texts in Pali, which implicitly means samatha-vipassana? This is not at all a strange idea, like many vipassana meditators, focusing on objects will be much more subtle quickly show signs of the first jhana. Could it be then that the term âsampajaÃąÃąatÄâ was seen as the first result of a concentrated mind? In any case, experience will teach you very quickly that when you try to hold an object in your mind, your awareness of what happens at this time will increase dramatically, simply due to the fact that his effort to keep the object is under constant danger during the siege of sense. saw-Paticca Abhyasa-anno-pubbo saáđkhÄraseso | | 18 | (This accomplishment) is based on detachment and previously applied for any subsequent activities. bhava-Paticca videha-prakriti-layana | | 19 | | (For example) Based on this existence and the characteristics of self saddha-viriya-sati-samadhi-paÃąÃąÄ-pubbaka itaresam | | 20 | | This flower gives himself (based on these qualities)of conviction (saddha), energy (viriya), mindfulness (sati), concentration (samadhi) and wisdom (paÃąÃąÄ) [20] The Buddha mentions these five factors when he was training arupa jhana under his previous two teachers. He also mentions how crucial factors when striving for enlightenment under the Bodhi tree. Later, during his years of teaching, he gave the name of âpowersâ (bullet) and explained that, if perfected, would lead to enlightenment. Tibba-saáđvegÄnÄm Äsanno | | 21 | | (For those) with a firm determination reached (this accomplishment, the first Dhyana / jhana). Advancing in jhana, tips and tricks. Mudu-majjhimâÄdhi-mattatÄ tatoâpi Visions | | 22 | | There is also a differentiation between (achievement) lower, middle and high Issar paáđidhÄnÄ-go | | 23 | | Or based on devotion (devotion) to a Lord (a master of meditation). kilesa-kamma-vipÄkÄsayÄ aparÄmissÄ Puris-visionsâ Issar | | 24 | | The Lord (the Master) that is no longer influenced by the outcome kammic impurities and past desires. [24] Besides the question whether the term âIssarâ found here could be read as merely referring to a master of meditation (which fits perfectly into the discussion until verse 27, where it starts to not fit any more) is ikely discussion, including on-line translation of the Yoga Sutra by Geshe Michael Roach . The principle can be interpreted so as to skeptics recalling the first sutta MN seemed more logical to assume Issar was first used to designate âthe Lordâ (ie your God). But with a little more research found that the term Issar Theragatha us are used to designate the âmasterâ. Interesting is also the word in Pali Äsayih replaced simple wish / desire - âAsa.â But âalmostâ sounds like âAsavaâ that would fit even better in the context of kamma and vipaka Asava.But the idea is very specific (âthat which flows within you, taking it) and may or may not be what was meant in this passage. tatra-niratisayaáđ sabbaÃąÃąatÄ bÄŦjaáđ | | 25 | | It is this that lies the seed of omniscience unmatched. sa pubbesam api guru kÄlenâÄnavacchedanÄ | | 26 | | This Master from the beginning never abandoned him or abandon [26] Literally, ânotâ drop â(an + evaluation + chedana), or abandon, even for a time (short) (Kalena) tassa vÄcako Panavia | | 27 | | His Word is the breath and the clamor of living [27] On the panavah term, which can be interpreted as âomâ in Hindu literature. It all depends if we read verses 24-27 as involving âIssarâ to mean âGodâ or simply refer to consider meditation master of meditation you learn. If you do a search in the Tipitaka, you see that when the Buddha used the term was to refer to teachers (see for example Theragatha) taj-tad-japp attha-bhavana | | 28 | | Praying in unison with this, this is the goal of meditation touch-pratyak cetanÄdhigamoâpi antarÄyÄbhÄvo ca | | 29 | | So if the mind itself and carries it away all obstacles / hazards: Vyadha-áđáđhÄna-samsaya-pamÄdÄlayÄvirati-bhrÄnti-dassanÄâladdhabhÅŦmikatvÄânavatthitatÄni Diseases, skeptical questions, be moved to laziness of attachment, wrong view of things, not meditative placements, or not yet firmly established in these. citta-vikkhepÄ teântarÄyÄ | | 30 | | These are the causes of mental distractions (they fall due). dukkha-domanassâaáđ gam ejayatvâassÄsa-Passaseo vikkhepa-saha-Bhuvah | | 31 | | The physical and mental pain arises in the body, the shaking of the inhale and exhale conjuçÃĢo occur with such distractions. [31] Here dukkha and Domanassam mentioned. They also appear in the definition of the Buddhaâs four jhana, but in a different direction. The problem described here meditative seems out of place and looks as if someone had to fit these words here. Also the inhale and exhale clearly has an important role in that they cease to exist (nirodha) so subjective to the practitioner in the fourth jhana. It is strange that all this is on the list, but is presented in a very different interpretation. The Objects of Meditation tat-pratiáđĢedhÄrtham ekatattÄbhyÄsaáļĨ | | 32 | | In order to control these distractions, this is the practice of unification of mind: metta-karuna-mudita Upekkha-sukha-dukkha-Visayan-puÃąÃąÄpuÃąÃąa bhÄvanÄtassa cittapasÄdanaáđ | | 33 | | Thecheerful calm the mind (citta-pasada) is achieved by meditation of loving kindness, compassion, joy and equanimity in the face of pleasure, pain as well as luck and misfortunes. [33] And here we go. The four brahmavihara, of course, famous for the way Buddha encouraged monks to practice them to subdue the obstacles and enter the five jhana. It is also interesting as the Tipitaka sometimes aligns them with the progression in four jhana (which deserves to be studied separately). pracchardana-vidhÄraáđÄbhyÄáđ go prÄáđasya | | 34 | | Or the inhale and exhale, which is also an excellent exercise in meditation. Visayavati go pa-vatta uppannÄ manaso thiti-nibandhinÄŦ | | 35 It helps to stop and control the increasing mental activity that occurs through the power of the senses. [34 and 35] Wow, now includes Anapanasati to the list of meditation techniques, the most favorite topics of Buddhist meditation, in addition to brahmavihara, which âcoincidentallyâ was mentioned in the previous passage. Here he almost âcitesâ the benefit of Anapanasati of Pali suttas, the Buddha gave in the Anapanasatisamyutta Mahavagga, where it is clearly said that the greatest benefit of Anapanasati is the ability to quiet the mind. Very interesting! Visoko go jotimatÄŦ | | 36 | | And the mind becomes free from sorrow and radiant. vita-raga-visaya go citta | | 37 | | Free from desire for sense objects [36 and 37] These two passages seem more like a copy of what the Buddha says in the suttas: âIt is almost always remain in these states, O monks, neither my body or my eyes get tired.â Although it immediately to Explaining how the mind free from desires and radiant moves away from the senses, as do the experienced meditators, this passage is important because it shows that the author knew what he was talking in terms pragmÃĄticos.NÃĢo there is something more important to the induction of samadhi (ie, jhana) that the resolution of the mind, the balance againstthe attack of the senses to the mind. svapna Nidda-go-jnÄnÄlambanaáđ | | 38 | | Of dreaming and sleep, yathÄbhimata dhyÄnÄd-go | | 39 | | parama-anu-stop-mahattvÄntoâssa vasÄŦkÄri | | 40 | | kkhÄŦáđa-vatta abhijÄtassâeva grahÄŦtáđ mani-Graham-grÄhyeáđĢu stha-tat-tad-anjanatÄsamÄpatti | | 41 | When it happens in the destruction of mental activity or movement [Khin-vatta], there is the appearance of a jewel, the emergence of someone who carries such an object, the object and the carrying of such an object in itself - and this immobility is what is called a realization, or state of completion. tatra-nana-saddattha vikappaiáļĨ saáđkiáđáđÄ savitakkÄ SamÄpatti, | | 42 | | There is the state of realization is âwith thoughtâ and marked by impurity of speech of conscious thought, the internal speech. [42], in the Pali Canon parlance we would say âsavitakka-jhana.â sati-parisuddhaáđ svarÅŦpa-suÃąÃąevattha-matta-nibbhÄsÄ nivitakkÄ | | 43 | | (However) there is a state of achievement without thinking (nirvitakka) with full attention and clearer that it is the nature of emptiness without a voice. [43] parisuddham sati is obviously the name the Buddha gave to the fourth jhana. It seems that the author tries to show us the range of four jhana, pointing to the criteria of the first, and then, in contrast to the characteristics of the fourth jhana again using the terminology of the Pali suttas. etadeva savic NirvicÄrÄ ca-sukkhuma visaya akkhÄtÄ | | 44 | | Likewise, the state with and without research and consideration (vicara) is judged by subtlety of the object. [44] Here we are somewhat hampered by the language, and tempted to ask: by whom discerned before the non-self (anatta)? sukkhuma-visayattaáđ câÄliáđ ga-paryâavasÄnam | | 45 | | It culminates in a subtle object with no features tÄ eva sa-Bijo samÄdhi | | 46 | But even this is a samadhi with seed / question. NirvicÄrÄ-visÄradâajjhatta-pasado | | 47 | | Happiness is attained with the inner conviction without regard to the concentration already (vicara, which is paired with vitakka) itaáđbharÄ paÃąÃąÄ tatra | | 48 | | In this way, the truth is filled with wisdom. sutâÄnumÄna paÃąÃąÄyÄ-anna-visaya visesâatthatÄ | | 49 | And this wisdom is of a different kind of knowledge acquired through learning. taj-jo-saáđkhÄroâÃąÃąa Samkhara-paáđibaddhÄŦ | | 50 | | Such activity (meditative and induced) obstructs born (all) other activities. tassÄpi nirodha Sabba-nirodha nibbÄŦjo samÄdhi | | 51 | | With the extinction of it all is also stopped - and this is the root-without-samadhi (samadhi-unborn) [51] This last sentence sounds more like a reporter who, after being invited to a very important meeting, is eager to share what he heard from relevant sources. Here we are given a definition, in fact, the definition of the Buddha âphalasamÄpattiâ - a state of jhana, which can only happen after someone has had a realization that the particular insight nirvanic, giving youaccess to that which is samadhi no âseedsâ (nibbÄŦja). This whole concept fits nicely into a row of theistic argument, and no attempt is being made here in the final set of samadhi, to explain it. Did the Buddhists speak of this matter so that among the philosophical circles âmainstreamâ of the time it was automatically understood as âthe highest you can get,â and the argument was so powerful that, despite not fit in the school already thinking of the times (an ancient Hinduism) was considered indisputable? Hard to say. This argument appears in the Sutta Ratanasutta Nipata.Vemos this final state, without seeds, as something that would target when trying to âSanna-vedayita-nirodhaâ cessation of perception and feeling, a realization of the Buddha described as possible Arahants Anagami for that, after entering the eighth jhana sequentially finally leave theactivity more subtle (the sankhara) back. Patanjali Yoga viracite-iti-samadhi sutta paáđhamo-pated | | | This is the first chapter on the Samadhi Yoga Sutra of Patanjali Image
youtube.com Extended Prayer Yoga Posture Shoulder opener Yoga Posture. This movement will teach you how to push from under the shoulders and out of the lats, the major muscle group of the back. A keâĶ
Instruction Table Come to a position lying on your back and stretch your arms out to the side and place your palms and shoulders firmly on the floor. Move your shoulder blades under. Spread your toes apart. Feel the back and shoulders moulding to the straight lines of the floor. 2 Bend your knees as far as they come towards the chest. 3 Inhale, keeping your knees and ankles together, Exhale, rolling your knees to the right. Focus on keeping your arms pressing out wards and your shoulders pushing firmly into the ground. You may feel or hear your spine lengthening as it extends into the correct alignment. Knees & ankles together breathe, focus on creating length between the left lower rib and the hip, 4 Now turn your head to look over your left hand. Relax in to this pose, stomach soft, breathing soft and relaxed. Reverse the pose back up and repeat to the other side Please Visit: https://www.youtube.com/watchâĶ Dog pose Yoga Posture The Downward Facing Dog Adhomukha Svanasana The downward yoga pose is named as such as it resembles the shape of a Dog stretching itself out. This pose helps to strengthen, stretch and reduce stiffness in the legs while strengthening and shaping the upper body. Dog pose Yoga Posture . One of the main yoga asanas. If you have time for only one posture try this one. Holding this pose for a minute or longer will stimulate and restore energy levels if you are tired. Regular practice of this pose rejuvenates the entire body and gently stimulates your nervous system. To view in flash - click the image below Instruction Table 1 Come up onto your hands and knees with your knees hip width apart and the hands shoulder width apart, your fingers wide pressing firmly into the floor. 2 Inhale, arch your spine and look up as you turn your toes under. 3 As you exhale straighten your legs and pause here for a moment. 4 Now push the floor away from you hands, positioning your body like an inverted V, achieving a straight line from your hands to your shoulders to the hips. Straight arms and straight legs. As you inhale press downward into your hands and lift outward out of the shoulders. Lift your head and torso back through the line of your body. Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watchâĶ Yogasync.tv 51.3K subscribers Dog pose Yoga Posture . One of the main yoga asanas. If you have time for only one posture try this one. Category Education Dog pose Yoga Posture . One of the main yoga asanas. If you have time for only one posture try this one. About This Website youtube.com Dog pose Yoga Posture Dog pose Yoga Posture . One of the main yoga asanas. If you have time forâĶ Dog pose Yoga Posture . One of the main yoga asanas. If you have time for only one posture try this one. Instruction Table 1 Come up onto your hands and knees with your knees hip width apart and the hands shoulder width apart, your fingers wide pressing firmly into the floor. 2 Inhale, arch your spine and look up as you turn your toes under. 3 As you exhale straighten your legs and pause here for a moment. 4 Now push the floor away from you hands, positioning your body like an inverted V, achieving a straight line from your hands to your shoulders to the hips. Straight arms and straight legs. As you inhale press downward into your hands and lift outward out of the shoulders. Lift your head and torso back through the line of your body. Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKx-LPTtvBQâĶ https://www.youtube.com/watchâĶ siting forward bend The Seated Forward Bend Paschimottanasana The purpose of this pose is to give the entire back of your body a very complete stretch from the heels to the head. It is excellent for posture improvement and stimulates the internal organs as well. It adds in improved mental concentration and endurance and helps to control and calm the mind. It relieves compression while increasing the elasticity of the spine, it also strengthens and stretches the hamstrings.
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To view in flash - click the image below Instruction Table 1 Come to a sitting position with your legs together in front of you. Move the fleshy part of your buttocks from underneath you, so you are on the top of your sitting bones, which are located at the very top of your legs. 2 Roll the thighs inwards so that the kneecaps are facing directly upwards. Activate the legs by pressing down into the floor, and out through the heels. Spread your toes wide and pull them towards you. Lengthen your lower back muscles down as you extend your spine up and out of the pelvis. 3 Now take your strap around both feet. The strap`s purpose is to keep the spine straight. This is very important. Be aware the head is an extension of the spine, so keep it aligned accordingly. Use the breath to create the optimum degree of intensity in the stretch. 4 On your next exhale; come down the belt further while maintaining the extension on the front and back of the torso. Some of you will be able to grab the sides of your feet. Breathe softly and continuously. Donât pull yourself forward by the strength of your upper body. Keep bending at the hips, maintaining a relaxed head and neck. 5 Go a little further, relax your abdomen, and inhale, as you lengthen, exhale, and come further forward, increasing the space in your vertebrae. Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watchâĶ Yogasync.tv 51.3K subscribers siting forward bend Yoga Asana Category Education siting forward bend Yoga Asana About This Website youtube.com siting forward bend siting forward bend Yoga Asana siting forward bend Yoga Asana siting forward bend Yoga Asana
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SzWxM_W4DNA Yoga Shoulder rotation The Shoulder Shrug The shoulder rotation is another pose which can be practiced anywhere and at any time. It strengthens and aligns the shoulder region while releasing tension and increasing the circulation to the shoulder joint, which is a ball and socket joint. It also aids in strengthening the abdominal and lumber region as you look to form a solid base. To view in flash - click the image below Instruction Table 1 Align yourself in mountain pose. Continuing with your smoot flowing breath 2 As you inhale, lift your shoulders to your ear lobes, keeping the head erect and soft. 3 As you exhale, rotate the shoulders around by pushing up out of the chest and squeezing the shoulder blades together, rotating them in a full circle. 4 Back down into mountain pose Repeat 3 more times Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watchâĶ Yogasync.tv 51.3K subscribers Meditation in motion Yoga Posture. Inhale as you lift your shoulders to your ear lobes, keeping the head erect and soft. As you Exhale, rotate the shoulders around by pushing up out of the chest rotating them in a full circle. Category Education Meditation in motion Yoga Posture. Inhale as you lift your shoulders to your ear lobes, keeping the head erect and soft. As you Exhale, rotate the shoulders âĶ About This Website youtube.com Yoga Shoulder rotation Meditation in motion Yoga Posture. Inhale as you lift your shoulders to yourâĶ Meditation in motion Yoga Posture. Inhale as you lift your shoulders to your ear lobes, keeping the head erect and soft. As you Exhale, rotate the shoulders âĶ Instruction Table 1 Align yourself in mountain pose. Continuing with your smooth flowing breath 2 As you inhale, lift your shoulders to your ear lobes, keeping the head erect and soft. 3 As you exhale, rotate the shoulders around by pushing up out of the chest and squeezing the shoulder blades together, rotating them in a full circle. 4 Back down into mountain pose Repeat 3 more times Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SzWxM_W4DNAâĶ Lying Twist Downward Dog Seated Forward Bend The Lying Basic Twist Doing this pose will rapidly increase strength and muscle tone in your midsection. The lying twist is another pose which is very simple yet extremely effective. This pose is soothing to the spine and neck, and warms and frees the lower back and hips and it also improves digestion and assists in toxin elimination. To view in flash - click the image below Instruction Table 1 Come to a position lying on your back and stretch your arms out to the side and place your palms and shoulders firmly on the floor. Move your shoulder blades under. Spread your toes apart. Feel the back and shoulders moulding to the straight lines of the floor. 2 Bend your knees as far as they come towards the chest. 3 Inhale, keeping your knees and ankles together, Exhale, rolling your knees to the right. Focus on keeping your arms pressing out wards and your shoulders pushing firmly into the ground. You may feel or hear your spine lengthening as it extends into the correct alignment. Knees & ankles together breathe, focus on creating length between the left lower rib and the hip, 4 Now turn your head to look over your left hand. Relax in to this pose, stomach soft, breathing soft and relaxed. Reverse the pose back up and repeat to the other side Please Visit: The Downward Facing Dog Adhomukha Svanasana The downward yoga pose is named as such as it resembles the shape of a Dog stretching itself out. This pose helps to strengthen, stretch and reduce stiffness in the legs while strengthening and shaping the upper body. Dog pose Yoga Posture . One of the main yoga asanas. If you have time for only one posture try this one. Holding this pose for a minute or longer will stimulate and restore energy levels if you are tired. Regular practice of this pose rejuvenates the entire body and gently stimulates your nervous system.
Yoga Shoulder rotation
youtube.com Yoga Shoulder rotation Meditation in motion Yoga Posture. Inhale as you lift your shoulders to your ear lobes, keeping the head erect and soft. As you Exhale, rotate the shoulders âĶ
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Instruction Table 1 Come to a sitting position with your legs together in front of you. Move the fleshy part of your buttocks from underneath you, so you are on the top of your sitting bones, which are located at the very top of your legs. 2 Roll the thighs inwards so that the kneecaps are facing directly upwards. Activate the legs by pressing down into the floor, and out through the heels. Spread your toes wide and pull them towards you. Lengthen your lower back muscles down as you extend your spine up and out of the pelvis. 3 Now take your strap around both feet. The strap`s purpose is to keep the spine straight. This is very important. Be aware the head is an extension of the spine, so keep it aligned accordingly. Use the breath to create the optimum degree of intensity in the stretch. 4 On your next exhale; come down the belt further while maintaining the extension on the front and back of the torso. Some of you will be able to grab the sides of your feet. Breathe softly and continuously. Donât pull yourself forward by the strength of your upper body. Keep bending at the hips, maintaining a relaxed head and neck.Keep bending at the hips, maintaining a relaxed head and neck.5 5 Go a little further, relax your abdomen, and inhale, a you lengthen, exhale, and come further forward, increasing the space in your vertebrae. Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEhU1KqPyY4âĶ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dIvKigXK1mU bridgepose The Bridge Pose The Bridge Pose is a simple yet very effective pose to practice. It helps to promote a healthy flexible spine while strengthening the legs and buttock muscles. It also helps to stretch and stimulate the abdominal muscles and organs. It aids in easing and stimulating the mind and is a great way to reenergize if feeling tired. To view in flash - click the image below Instruction Table 1 Lie on your back with your legs bent, heels close to the buttocks, Feet pressing firmly into the floor, hip width and parallel. Your arms should be slightly out from your sides, the palms of your hands pressing firmly into the floor. 2 Inhale, and with the exhale raise the hips up by pushing strongly into the floor with your feet. Keep the buttocks firm, and press the shoulders and arms into the floor. Only go to the height that you are comfortable with. Take a few nourishing breaths in this position, as you keep opening the chest and lengthening the torso. 3 Now bring your arms over your head to the floor behind you. Keep lifting your buttocks away from the floor, keeping them contracted, which will protect the lower spine, and work softly with the breath, keeping the head and neck relaxed. This pose stretches the whole front of the body, and brings mobility to the spine. Breathing is improved from the opening of the ribcage and chest area. Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watchâĶ Yogasync.tv 51.3K subscribers Category Education
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The Locust The Bridge Extended Childâs Pose The Locust Pose Salabhasana The locus yoga posture is named as such as it resembles the shape of the insect known as the Locust. This pose helps to strengthen, stretch and reduce stiffness in the lower back while bringing flexibility to the upper back region. When you first begin to practice this pose, your legs may not move very far off the floor. Please continue and stay positive as you will find your range will continue to improve the more you practice. Learning to master this pose will hold you in good stead for more advanced back bends. To view in flash - click the image below Instruction Table 1 Come to a position lying face down on the floor, with your arms along side your body, palms and forehead down. Bring your knees and ankles together. Squeeze the shoulder blades together and down. Push your palms into the floor. Pull the abdominals inwards, contract the buttocks, and press the hips and pubis firmly into the floor. 2 On your next exhale; raise the legs to a height that is comfortable but challenging. Keep the buttocks activated, lock the knees, keep the ankles together. 3 Extend the front of your body as you pull the shoulder blades together, raising the head, the arms, and upper torso away from the floor, looking straight ahead, opening the front of the chest and pushing down the lines of the arms. Keep the legs working strongly. Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watchâĶ Yogasync.tv 51.3K subscribers Locus Yoga Posture Category Education Locus Yoga Posture image.jpeg About This Website youtube.com locus Yoga Posture Locus Yoga Posture Locus Yoga Posture
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Instruction Table 1 Come to a position lying face down on the floor, with your arms along side your body, palms and forehead down. Bring your knees and ankles together. Squeeze the shoulder blades together and down. Push your palms into the floor. Pull the abdominals inwards, contract the buttocks, and press the hips and pubis firmly into the floor. 2 On your next exhale; raise the legs to a height that is comfortable but challenging. Keep the buttocks activated, lock the knees, keep the ankles together. 3 Extend the front of your body as you pull the shoulder blades together, raising the head, the arms, and upper torso away from the floor, looking straight ahead, opening the front of the chest and pushing down the lines of the arms. Keep the legs working strongly. Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MhotDI-dqREâĶ The Bridge Pose The Bridge Pose is a simple yet very effective pose to practice. It helps to promote a healthy flexible spine while strengthening the legs and buttock muscles. It also helps to stretch and stimulate the abdominal muscles and organs. It aids in easing and stimulating the mind and is a great way to reenergize if feeling tired. To view in flash - click the image below
locus Yoga Posture
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Instruction Table 1 Come to a sitting position with your legs together in front of you. Move the fleshy part of your buttocks from underneath you, so you are on the top of your sitting bones, which are located at the very top of your legs. 2 Roll the thighs inwards so that the kneecaps are facing directly upwards. Activate the legs by pressing down into the floor, and out through the heels. Spread your toes wide and pull them towards you. Lengthen your lower back muscles down as you extend your spine up and out of the pelvis. 3 Now take your strap around both feet. The strap`s purpose is to keep the spine straight. This is very important. Be aware the head is an extension of the spine, so keep it aligned accordingly. Use the breath to create the optimum degree of intensity in the stretch. 4 On your next exhale; come down the belt further while maintaining the extension on the front and back of the torso. Some of you will be able to grab the sides of your feet. Breathe softly and continuously. Donât pull yourself forward by the strength of your upper body. Keep bending at the hips, maintaining a relaxed head and neck.Keep bending at the hips, maintaining a relaxed head and neck.5 5 Go a little further, relax your abdomen, and inhale, a you lengthen, exhale, and come further forward, increasing the space in your vertebrae. Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEhU1KqPyY4âĶ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dIvKigXK1mU bridgepose The Bridge Pose The Bridge Pose is a simple yet very effective pose to practice. It helps to promote a healthy flexible spine while strengthening the legs and buttock muscles. It also helps to stretch and stimulate the abdominal muscles and organs. It aids in easing and stimulating the mind and is a great way to reenergize if feeling tired. To view in flash - click the image below Instruction Table 1 Lie on your back with your legs bent, heels close to the buttocks, Feet pressing firmly into the floor, hip width and parallel. Your arms should be slightly out from your sides, the palms of your hands pressing firmly into the floor. 2 Inhale, and with the exhale raise the hips up by pushing strongly into the floor with your feet. Keep the buttocks firm, and press the shoulders and arms into the floor. Only go to the height that you are comfortable with. Take a few nourishing breaths in this position, as you keep opening the chest and lengthening the torso. 3 Now bring your arms over your head to the floor behind you. Keep lifting your buttocks away from the floor, keeping them contracted, which will protect the lower spine, and work softly with the breath, keeping the head and neck relaxed. This pose stretches the whole front of the body, and brings mobility to the spine. Breathing is improved from the opening of the ribcage and chest area. Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watchâĶ Yogasync.tv 51.3K subscribers Category Education
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The Locust The Bridge Extended Childâs Pose The Locust Pose Salabhasana The locus yoga posture is named as such as it resembles the shape of the insect known as the Locust. This pose helps to strengthen, stretch and reduce stiffness in the lower back while bringing flexibility to the upper back region. When you first begin to practice this pose, your legs may not move very far off the floor. Please continue and stay positive as you will find your range will continue to improve the more you practice. Learning to master this pose will hold you in good stead for more advanced back bends. To view in flash - click the image below Instruction Table 1 Come to a position lying face down on the floor, with your arms along side your body, palms and forehead down. Bring your knees and ankles together. Squeeze the shoulder blades together and down. Push your palms into the floor. Pull the abdominals inwards, contract the buttocks, and press the hips and pubis firmly into the floor. 2 On your next exhale; raise the legs to a height that is comfortable but challenging. Keep the buttocks activated, lock the knees, keep the ankles together. 3 Extend the front of your body as you pull the shoulder blades together, raising the head, the arms, and upper torso away from the floor, looking straight ahead, opening the front of the chest and pushing down the lines of the arms. Keep the legs working strongly. Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watchâĶ Yogasync.tv 51.3K subscribers Locus Yoga Posture Category Education Locus Yoga Posture image.jpeg About This Website youtube.com locus Yoga Posture Locus Yoga Posture Locus Yoga Posture
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Instruction Table 1 Come to a position lying face down on the floor, with your arms along side your body, palms and forehead down. Bring your knees and ankles together. Squeeze the shoulder blades together and down. Push your palms into the floor. Pull the abdominals inwards, contract the buttocks, and press the hips and pubis firmly into the floor. 2 On your next exhale; raise the legs to a height that is comfortable but challenging. Keep the buttocks activated, lock the knees, keep the ankles together. 3 Extend the front of your body as you pull the shoulder blades together, raising the head, the arms, and upper torso away from the floor, looking straight ahead, opening the front of the chest and pushing down the lines of the arms. Keep the legs working strongly. Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MhotDI-dqREâĶ The Bridge Pose The Bridge Pose is a simple yet very effective pose to practice. It helps to promote a healthy flexible spine while strengthening the legs and buttock muscles. It also helps to stretch and stimulate the abdominal muscles and organs. It aids in easing and stimulating the mind and is a great way to reenergize if feeling tired. To view in flash - click the image below
locus Yoga Posture
youtube.com locus Yoga Posture Locus Yoga Posture Instruction Table Lie on your back with your legs bent, heels close to the buttocks, Feet pressing firmly into the floor, hip width and parallel. Your arms should be slightly out from your sides, the palms of your hands pressing firmly into the floor. 2 Inhale, and with the exhale raise the hips up by pushing strongly into the floor with your feet. Keep the buttocks firm, and press the shoulders and arms into the floor. Only go to the height that you are comfortable with. Take a few nourishing breaths in this position, as you keep opening the chest and lengthening the torso. 3 Now bring your arms over your head to the floor behind you. Keep lifting your buttocks away from the floor, keeping them contracted, which will protect the lower spine, and work softly with the breath, keeping the head and neck relaxed. This pose stretches the whole front of the body, and brings mobility to the spine. Breathing is improved from the opening of the ribcage and chest area. Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dIvKigXK1mUâĶ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WrA5mN-MW5U Childs Yoga Pose Beginners Yoga Posture The Extended Childâs Pose / Garbhasana The Childs Yoga pose when practiced regularly is very beneficial to your entire mind and body. It helps to release the pressure on the spine while providing an entire stretch through the upper body to the fingertips. It also aids in strengthening and stretching the insides of the legs while massaging the internal organs. Breathing will becomes more efficient and your mind will become clear. It also aids in improved mental processes and helps to rejuvenate and energize the entire being. To view in flash - click the image below Instruction Table 1 Stand in mountain pose, in the centre of your mat, with your hands in prayer position. Jump your feet wide apart. Keep the outside of your feet running parallel while lifting your arches, pulling up with the thighs and the tail bone tucked under. 2 Place your hands on your hips and feel the extension up out of the waist. 3 Inhale, As you exhale bend at the hips extend forward, continue lifting out of the hips keeping your legs strong and your base nice and firm, looking forward to begin with. Keep the extension on the stomach, which will help keep your back flat protecting it. Take a few breaths here. 4 Now take your hands to the floor extending from the lower abdomen to the breastbone and through the spine. Some of you maybe on the finger tips. If you canât keep your spine straight put your hands on your knees and keep slowly working down your legs, working with your body, not against it. Lift your sitting bones to the ceiling. 5 Draw your shoulders down your back so you can extend the neck with ease. Remember to keep the arches high. Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watchâĶ Yogasync.tv 51.3K subscribers Childs Pose Yoga Stretch. This Beginners Yoga Posture will get easier every time you work with it as it rejuvenates and quietens the mind. Continue with your slow smooth breathing as you continue to stretch the inner thigh muscles. Category Education Childs Pose Yoga Stretch. This Beginners Yoga Posture will get easier every time you work with it as it rejuvenates and quietens the mind. Continue with yourâĶ
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youtube.com Childs Yoga Pose Beginners Yoga Posture Childs Pose Yoga Stretch. This Beginners Yoga Posture will get easier everyâĶ Childs Pose Yoga Stretch. This Beginners Yoga Posture will get easier every time you work with it as it rejuvenates and quietens the mind. Continue with yourâĶ Instruction Table 1 Stand in mountain pose, in the centre of your mat, with your hands in prayer position. Jump your feet wide apart. Keep the outside of your feet running parallel while lifting your arches, pulling up with the thighs and the tail bone tucked under. Stand in mountain pose, in the centre of your mat, with your hands in prayer position. Jump your feet wide apart. Keep the outside of your feet running parallel while lifting your arches, pulling up with the thighs and the tail bone tucked under. 2 Place your hands on your hips and feel the extension up out of the waist. 3 Inhale, As you exhale bend at the hips extend forward, continue lifting out of the hips keeping your legs strong and your base nice and firm, looking forward to begin with. Keep the extension on the stomach, which will help keep your back flat protecting it. Take a few breaths here. 4 Now take your hands to the floor extending from the lower abdomen to the breastbone and through the spine. Some of you maybe on the finger tips. If you canât keep your spine straight put your hands on your knees and keep slowly working down your legs, working with your body, not against it. Lift your sitting bones to the ceiling. 5 Draw your shoulders down your back so you can extend the neck with ease. Remember to keep the arches high. Bring your big toes together and your knees wide apart, inhale as you lift your spine and extend your stomach. 2 Exhale bend forward from the hips as you walk you hands out as far in front of you as possible, extending from the hips to the fingertips. 4 Breathing into the abdomen as you extend it forward in to the breastbone, creating length through the upper body. Exhale from deep in the abdomen relaxing in the spine and continue the slow controlled breathing. Please Visit: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WrA5mN-MW5UâĶ https://www.youtube.com/watchâĶ wide legstanding forward bend Standing Forward Bend The Boat (beginners) The Standing Forward Bend This pose aids in digestion and is restorative. It frees the rib cage allowing for improved breathing. It aids in mental concentration and helps to revive mental and pysichal exhaustion. The heartbeat is slowed and the lower back is strengthened and pressure is removed from the lumbar region. It increases flexibility while strengthening and developing the hamstrings. It also helps to strengthen the feet and ankles while realigning the entire body. To view in flash - click the image below Instruction Table 1 Find yourself on your sitting bones, lifting out of the hips. Extend your spine upwards, and press the soles of your feet into the floor, with the knees and ankles together. 2 Using your fingertips on the floor for balance, extend your abdomen as you lean back slightly. 3 Bring your lower legs up, parallel to the floor. Breathe softly, in and out through the nose, while opening the chest and squeezing the shoulder blades together. Focus on a point at eye level in front of you. You may find this pose challenging to begin with 4 Now bring your arms up beside your knees, parallel to the floor, opening the chest. Keep your focus on that point in front of you. This will help your stability. Continue with the controlled breathing. Feel the stimulation of the entire abdominal region, as you hold this pose for a few more breaths. Advanced Variation of The Boat Now bring your legs up to straight. Continue to keep your focus on that point in front of you. Continue with the controlled breathing. Yogasync.tv 51.3K subscribers Yoga Posture wide legstanding forward bend Category Education
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Instruction Table 1 Find yourself on your sitting bones, lifting out of the hips. Extend your spine upwards, and press the soles of your feet into the floor, with the knees and ankles together. 2 Using your fingertips on the floor for balance, extend your abdomen as you lean back slightly. 3 Bring your lower legs up, parallel to the floor. Breathe softly, in and out through the nose, while opening the chest and squeezing the shoulder blades together. Focus on a point at eye level in front of you. You may find this pose challenging to begin with 4 Now bring your arms up beside your knees, parallel to the floor, opening the chest. Keep your focus on that point in front of you. This will help your stability. Continue with the controlâĶ 17 attachments image.jpeg 4K View Scan and download image.jpeg 9K View Scan and download image.jpeg 18K View Scan and download image.jpeg 37K View Scan and download image.jpeg 20K View Scan and download image.jpeg 19K View Scan and download image.jpeg 27K View Scan and download image.jpeg 22K View Scan and download image.jpeg 28K View Scan and download image.jpeg 31K View Scan and download image.jpeg 35K View Scan and download image.jpeg 36K View Scan and download
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Buddhism yoga #buddhism # yoga # peace of mind # mind set # beauty # the world peace.â
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https://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Texts-and-Translations/Daily-Chanting/index.htm short url: https://bit.ly/2wismuC
Texts and Translations Home Page
Daily Chanting a book of daily worship
A PÄli and English line by line (interlinear) version of this collection of chanting texts from the TheravÄda tradition meant for daily recital.
edited and translated by Änandajoti Bhikkhu
3rd Edition (2014/2558)
eBooks
PDF EPUBMOBI
Cover Html Table of Contents
Monday
PÅŦjÄ Worship (Daily)
Parittaáđ Safeguard Recitals
Äáđakkhettaparittaáđ, 1 Safeguard in this Orderâs Domain
Dasadhammasuttaáđ The Discourse on the Ten Things
AvasÄnaáđ Conclusion
Tuesday
PÅŦjÄ Worship (Daily)
Parittaáđ Safeguard Recitals
BuddhÄnussati Recollection of the Buddha
The Discourse on the Great Blessings
AvasÄnaáđ Conclusion
Wednesday
PÅŦjÄ Worship (Daily)
Parittaáđ Safeguard Recitals
Äáđakkhettaparittaáđ, 2 Safeguard in this Orderâs Domain
Ratanasuttaáđ The Discourse on the Treasures
AvasÄnaáđ Conclusion
Thursday
PÅŦjÄ Worship (Daily)
Parittaáđ Safeguard Recitals
MettÄ BhÄvanÄ The Development of Friendliness Meditation
KaraáđÄŦyamettasuttaáđ The Discourse on how Friendliness Meditation should be Done
AvasÄnaáđ Conclusion
Friday
PÅŦjÄ Worship (Daily)
Parittaáđ Safeguard Recitals
AsubhasaÃąÃąÄ Perception of the Unattractive
Khandhaparittaáđ (part) The Protection of Mind and Body
PaáđiccasamuppÄdaáđ Conditional Arising
AvasÄnaáđ Conclusion
Saturday
PÅŦjÄ Worship (Daily)
Parittaáđ Safeguard Recitals
MaraáđÄnussati Recollection of Death
MettÄnisaáđsasuttaáđ The Discourse on the Advantages of Friendliness Meditation
AvasÄnaáđ Conclusion
Sunday
PÅŦjÄ Worship (Daily)
Parittaáđ Safeguard Recitals
Dhajaggaparittaáđ Safeguard through the Top of a Banner
AvasÄnaáđ Conclusion
Appendix
PaccavekkhaáđÄ Reflections
KhamÄpanÄ Asking for Forgiveness
Editorâs Preface
This work gives a selection of verses that are recited when worshipping the Buddha, the Dhamma, and the Saáđ gha; and a collection of discourses that are popularly used as Safeguards.
Part of the chants found in this book are meant to be recited every day, and part rotate on a weekly basis.
The system for the chanting is as follows: first there is Recollection of the Three Treasures and other objects of worship, this is followed by PÅŦjÄ (which will depend on what is being offered).
Then the daily Parittaáđ section begins. After the Invitation to the Gods go to the chants for whatever day of the week it is.
At the end of the chants for the day there is meditation, and when finished you can proceed with the Conclusion.
In the Appendix are two other short pieces that can be recited in the indicated place when monastics are present.
Änandajoti Bhikkhu July 2014 - 2558
This book has been revised in April, 2014 to bring it into line
with the format that has been adopted in my larger chanting book
Safeguard Recitals; and some small corrections and additions have been
made at the same time.
Änandajoti Bhikkhu April 2014 - 2559
This book is dedicated with great respect to the memory of
Ven. Rerukane Chandavimala
former MahÄnÄyaka of the Swejin MahÄnikÄya
who worked so tirelessly on behalf of the SÄsana
last updated: April 2014
if you would like to be informed when new texts are released subscribe to my Dharma Records blog where all updates are posted
Namo tassa Bhagavato Arahato SammÄsambuddhassa Reverence to him, the Gracious One, the Worthy One, the Perfect Sambuddha
Namo tassa Bhagavato Arahato SammÄsambuddhassa Reverence to him, the Gracious One, the Worthy One, the Perfect Sambuddha
Namo tassa Bhagavato Arahato SammÄsambuddhassa Reverence to him, the Gracious One, the Worthy One, the Perfect Sambuddha
BuddhaguáđavandanÄ Worshipping the Virtues of the Buddha
Iti pi so BhagavÄ Arahaáđ SammÄsambuddho, Such is he, the Gracious One, the Worthy One, the Perfect Sambuddha,
vijjÄcaraáđasampanno Sugato lokavidÅŦ, the one endowed with understanding and good conduct, the Fortunate One, the one who understands the worlds,
anuttaro purisadammasÄrathÄŦ, the unsurpassed guide for those people who need taming,
SatthÄ devamanussÄnaáđ Buddho BhagavÄ ti. the Teacher of gods and men, the Buddha, the Gracious One.
Buddhaáđ jÄŦvitaáđ yÄva NibbÄnaáđ saraáđaáđ gacchÄmi. I go for life-long refuge to the Buddha right up until NibbÄna.
Ye ca BuddhÄ atÄŦtÄ ca, ye ca BuddhÄ anÄgatÄ, Those who were Buddhas in the past, those who will be Buddhas in the future,
paccuppannÄ ca ye BuddhÄ, ahaáđ vandÄmi sabbadÄ! and those who are Buddhas in the present, I worship them every day!
Natthi me saraáđaáđ aÃąÃąaáđ, Buddho me saraáđaáđ varaáđ! For me there is no other refuge, for me the Buddha is the best refuge!
Etena saccavajjena hotu te jayamaáđ galaáđ! By this declaration of the truth may you have the blessing of success!
Uttamaáđ gena vandehaáđ pÄdapaáđsu varuttamaáđ, With my head I worship the most excellent dust of his feet,
Buddhe yo khalito doso Buddho khamatu taáđ mamaáđ! for any fault or wrong against the Buddha may the Buddha forgive me for that!
DhammaguáđavandanÄ Worshipping the Virtues of the Dhamma
SvÄkkhÄto BhagavatÄ Dhammo, The Dhamma has been well-proclaimed by the Gracious One,
sandiáđáđhiko, akÄliko, ehipassiko, opanayiko, it is visible, not subject to time, inviting inspection, onward leading,
paccattaáđ veditabbo viÃąÃąÅŦhÄŦ ti. and can be understood by the wise for themselves.
Dhammaáđ jÄŦvitaáđ yÄva NibbÄnaáđ saraáđaáđ gacchÄmi. I go for life-long refuge to the Dhamma right up until NibbÄna.
Ye ca DhammÄ atÄŦtÄ ca, ye ca DhammÄ anÄgatÄ, That which was Dhamma in the past, that which will be Dhamma in the future,
paccuppannÄ ca ye DhammÄ, ahaáđ vandÄmi sabbadÄ! and that which is Dhamma in the present, I worship it every day!
Natthi me saraáđaáđ aÃąÃąaáđ, Dhammo me saraáđaáđ varaáđ! For me there is no other refuge, for me the Dhamma is the best refuge!
Etena saccavajjena hotu te jayamaáđ galaáđ! By this declaration of the truth may you have the blessing of success!
Uttamaáđ gena vandehaáđ Dhammaáđ ca tividhaáđ varaáđ, With my head I worship the excellent threefold Dhamma,
Dhamme yo khalito doso Dhammo khamatu taáđ mamaáđ! for any fault or wrong against the Dhamma may the Dhamma forgive me for that!
Saáđ ghaguáđavandanÄ Worshipping the Virtues of the Saáđ gha
Supaáđipanno Bhagavato sÄvakasaáđ gho, The Gracious Oneâs Saáđ gha of disciples are good in their practice,
ujupaáđipanno Bhagavato sÄvakasaáđ gho, the Gracious Oneâs Saáđ gha of disciples are straight in their practice,
ÃąÄyapaáđipanno Bhagavato sÄvakasaáđ gho, the Gracious Oneâs Saáđ gha of disciples are systematic in their practice,
sÄmÄŦcipaáđipanno Bhagavato sÄvakasaáđ gho, the Gracious Oneâs Saáđ gha of disciples are correct in their practice,
yad-idaáđ cattÄri purisayugÄni aáđáđha purisapuggalÄ, that is to say, the four pairs of persons, the eight individual persons,
esa Bhagavato sÄvakasaáđ gho, this is the Gracious Oneâs Saáđ gha of disciples,
Ähuneyyo, pÄhuneyyo, dakkhiáđeyyo, aÃąjalikaranÄŦyo, they are worthy of offerings, of hospitality, of gifts, and of reverential salutation,
anuttaraáđ puÃąÃąakkhettaáđ lokassÄ ti. they are an unsurpassed field of merit for the world.
Saáđ ghaáđ jÄŦvitaáđ yÄva NibbÄnaáđ saraáđaáđ gacchÄmi. I go for life-long refuge to the Sangha right up until NibbÄna.
Ye ca Saáđ ghÄ atÄŦtÄ ca, ye ca Saáđ ghÄ anÄgatÄ, Those who were the Sangha in the past, those who will be the Sangha in the future,
paccuppannÄ ca ye Saáđ ghÄ, ahaáđ vandÄmi sabbadÄ! and those who are the Sangha in the present, I worship them every day!
Natthi me saraáđaáđ aÃąÃąaáđ, Saáđ gho me saraáđaáđ varaáđ! For me there is no other refuge, for me the Sangha is the best refuge!
Etena saccavajjena hotu te jayamaáđ galaáđ! By this declaration of the truth may you have the blessing of success!
Uttamaáđ gena vandehaáđ Saáđ ghaáđ ca tividhottamaáđ, With my head I worship the Sangha who are supreme in three ways,
Saáđ ghe yo khalito doso Saáđ gho khamatu taáđ mamaáđ! for any fault or wrong against the Sangha may the Sangha forgive me for that!
PaáđÄmagÄthÄ Verses on Obeisance
BuddhadhammÄ ca PaccekabuddhÄ Saáđ ghÄ ca sÄmikÄ - The Buddhas, Dhamma, Independent Buddhas, and the revered Sangha -
dÄsoham-asmi me tesaáđ, guáđaáđ áđhÄtu sire sadÄ! I am their servant, may that good quality always be on my head!
Tisaraáđaáđ tilakkhaáđÅŦpekkhaáđ NibbÄnam-antimaáđ, The three refuges, equanimity about the three signs, and final NibbÄna,
suvande sirasÄ niccaáđ labhÄmi tividhÄ-m-ahaáđ. I always worship these with my head and I receive threefold (return).
Tisaraáđaáđ ca sire áđhÄtu, sire áđhÄtu tilakkhaáđaáđ, May the three refuges be placed on my head, may the three signs be placed on my head,
upekkhÄ ca sire áđhÄtu, NibbÄnaáđ áđhÄtu me sire! may equanimity be placed on my head, and may NibbÄna be placed on my head!
Buddhe sakaruáđe vande, Dhamme Paccekasambuddhe, I worship the compassionate Buddhas, the Dhamma, the Independent Sambuddhas,
Saáđ ghe ca sirisÄ yeva, tidhÄ niccaáđ namÄmyahaáđ. and the Sangha with my head, I constantly bow down three times.
NamÄmi Satthuno vÄdÄ appamÄdavacantimaáđ, I bow down to the words of the Teacher, and the last words on heedfulness,
sabbe pi cetiye vande, upajjhÄyÄcariye mamaáđ - and also to all the shrines, to my preceptor and teacher -
mayhaáđ paáđÄmatejena cittaáđ pÄpehi muÃącatan-ti! by the power of this obeisance may my mind be free from evil!
ÄmisapÅŦjÄ Material Offerings
(only chant verses for what you are offering)
(first worshipping the main objects of veneration)
VandÄmi cetiyaáđ sabbaáđ sabbaáđáđhÄnesu patiáđáđhitaáđ, I worship all the shrines in all of the places that they stand,
sÄrÄŦrikadhÄtu MahÄ Bodhiáđ, BuddharÅŦpaáđ sakalaáđ sadÄ! the bodily relics, the Great Bodhi Tree, and all the Buddha images forever!
Iccevam-accantanamassaneyyaáđ namassamÄno Ratanattayaáđ yaáđ, In this way I can revere the Three Treasures without end, and while revering them,
puÃąÃąÄbhisandhaáđ vipulaáđ alatthaáđ, tassÄnubhÄvena hatantarÄyo! I have received an abundant overflow of merit, by that power may (any) obstacle be destroyed!
(lights)
GhanasÄrappadittena dÄŦpena tamadhaáđsinÄ, With a lamp that burns intensely, destroying the darkness,
tilokadÄŦpaáđ Sambuddhaáđ pÅŦjayÄmi tamonudaáđ. I worship the Sambuddha, the light of the three worlds, the darkness-dispeller.
(incense)
SugandhikÄyavadanaáđ, anantaguáđagandhinaáđ, o With this fragrance and perfume I worship the Realised One,
SugandhinÄhaáđ gandhena pÅŦjayÄmi TathÄgataáđ. who is fragrant in body and speech, and has fragrant endless virtues.
(water)
Sugandhaáđ sÄŦtalaáđ kappaáđ, pasannamadhuraáđ subhaáđ, o Please accept this fragrant, cool, clear, sweet, and attractive drink
pÄnÄŦyam-etaáđ BhagavÄ, paáđiggaáđhÄtu-m-uttama! that has been prepared, O Gracious One supreme!
(medicinal drink)
Bhesajjehi samÄyuttaáđ gilÄnapaccayaáđ imaáđ, o Please accept this medicine together with this herbal drink,
anukampaáđ upÄdÄya, paáđiggaáđhÄtu-m-uttama! having compassion on us, O Gracious One supreme!
(flowers)
Vaáđáđagandhaguáđopetaáđ, etaáđ kusumasantatiáđ, o With these long lasting flowers, endowed with the qualities of beauty
pÅŦjayÄmi Munindassa siripÄdasaroruhe. and fragrance, I worship the glorious lotus feet of the lord of Sages.
PÅŦjemi Buddhaáđ kusamenanena, puÃąÃąena-m-etena labhÄmi mokkhaáđ. I worship the Awakened One with these flowers, may I gain release with (the help of) this merit.
Pupphaáđ milÄyÄti yathÄ idaáđ me, kÄyo tathÄ yÄti vinÄsabhÄvaáđ. Just as a flower withers and fades away, so too this my body will go to destruction.
(aspiration)
ImÄya BuddhapÅŦjÄya katÄya suddhacetasÄ, By this worship of the Buddha, performed with a pure mind,
ciraáđ tiáđáđhatu Saddhammo, loko hotu sukhÄŦ sadÄ! may the True Dhamma last a long time, and may the world be always happy!
Parittaáđ Safeguards
DevÄrÄdhanÄ The Invitation to the Gods
(Chanted by One Person)
SamantÄ cakkavÄáļ·esu atrÄgacchantu devatÄ May the gods from all over the universe assemble here
saddhammaáđ MunirÄjassa suáđantu saggamokkhadaáđ: and listen to the King of the Sageâs true Dhamma about heaven and release:
ParittassavaáđakÄlo ayaáđ bhadantÄ! Reverend Sirs, this is the time for hearing the safeguard!
ParittassavaáđakÄlo ayaáđ bhadantÄ! Reverend Sirs, this is the time for hearing the safeguard!
DhammaparittassavaáđakÄlo ayaáđ bhadantÄ! Reverend Sirs, this is the time for hearing the Dhamma safeguard!
NamakkÄraáđ Reverence
(Chanted by All Present)
Namo tassa Bhagavato Arahato SammÄsambuddhassa Reverence to him, the Fortunate One, the Worthy One, the Perfect Sambuddha
Namo tassa Bhagavato Arahato SammÄsambuddhassa Reverence to him, the Fortunate One, the Worthy One, the Perfect Sambuddha
Namo tassa Bhagavato Arahato SammÄsambuddhassa Reverence to him, the Fortunate One, the Worthy One, the Perfect Sambuddha
(monastics can chant the Reflections found in the appendix here)
Äáđakkhettaparittaáđ (pt 1) Safeguard in this Orderâs Domain
Ye santÄ santacittÄ, tisaraáđasaraáđÄ, ettha lokantare vÄ, Those (gods) who are peaceful, with peaceful minds, who have taken refuge in the triple refuge, whether here, or above the worlds,
bhummÄ bhummÄ ca devÄ, guáđagaáđagahaáđÄ, byÄvaáđÄ sabbakÄlaáđ, the various earth gods, that group who have taken up, and are engaged in, virtuous deeds all of the time,
ete Äyantu devÄ, varakanakamaye, MerurÄje vasanto, may these gods come, those who dwell on the majestic Mt. Meru, that excellent golden mountain,
santo santo sahetuáđ Munivaravacanaáđ sotumaggaáđ samaggaáđ. peacefully, and with good reason, ( to hear) the Sageâs excellent word about entering the stream, and harmony.
Sabbesu cakkavÄáļ·esu yakkhÄ devÄ ca brahmuno, May all yakkhas, gods, and deities, from the whole universe,
o after partaking of the merits, and of all the thoroughly good fortune
sabbe taáđ anumoditvÄ samaggÄ sÄsane ratÄ, we have acquired, being in harmony, and delighting in the teaching,
pamÄdarahitÄ hontu ÄrakkhÄsu visesato. be not heedless and grant us complete protection.
SÄsanassa ca lokassa vuáļáļhi bhavatu sabbadÄ, May the teaching and the world be on the increase every day,
sÄsanam-pi ca lokaÃą-ca devÄ rakkhantu sabbadÄ. and may the gods every day protect the teaching and the world.
Saddhiáđ hontu sukhÄŦ sabbe parivÄrehi attano,
o May you, and all those who are around you, together with
anÄŦghÄ sumanÄ hontu, saha sabbehi ÃąÄtibhi. all your relatives, be untroubled, happy, and easy in mind.
RÄjato vÄ, corato vÄ, manussato vÄ, amanussato vÄ, (May you be protected) from the king, thieves, humans, and non-humans,
aggito vÄ, udakato vÄ, pisÄcato vÄ, khÄáđukato vÄ, kaáđáđakato vÄ, from fire and water, demons, stumps, and thorns,
nakkhattato vÄ, janapadarogato vÄ, from unlucky stars, and epidemics,
asaddhammato vÄ, asandiáđáđhito vÄ, asappurisato vÄ, from what is not the true dhamma, not right view, not a good person,
caáđáļahatthiassamigagoáđakukkura-ahivicchikamaáđisappa- and from fierce elephants, horses, antelopes, bulls, dogs, snakes, scorpions, poisonous serpents,
dÄŦpiacchataracchasukaramahisayakkharakkhasÄdihi panthers, bears, hyenas, wild boars, buffaloes, yakkhas, rakkhasas, and so on,
nÄnÄ bhayato vÄ, nÄnÄ rogato vÄ, nÄnÄ upaddavato vÄ, Ärakkhaáđ gaáđhantu! from the manifold fears, the manifold diseases, the manifold calamities - (from all of these troubles) may you receive protection!
Dasadhammasuttaáđ The Discourse on the Ten Things
Evaáđ me sutaáđ: Thus I have heard:
ekaáđ samayaáđ BhagavÄ SÄvatthiyaáđ viharati at one time the Fortunate One was dwelling near SÄvatthÄŦ
Jetavane AnÄthapiáđáļikassa ÄrÄme. at AnÄthapiáđáļikaâs grounds in Jetaâs Wood.
Tatra kho BhagavÄ bhikkhÅŦ Ämantesi: There it was that the Fortunate One addressed the monks, saying:
âBhikkhavo!â ti, âBhadante!â ti te bhikkhÅŦ Bhagavato paccassosuáđ, âMonks!â, âReverend Sir!â those monks replied to the Fortunate One,
BhagavÄ etad-avoca: and the Fortunate One said this:
âDasa ime bhikkhave dhammÄ âThere are these ten things, monks,
pabbajitena abhiáđhaáđ paccavekkhitabbÄ. that one who has gone forth should frequently reflect on.
Katame dasa? What are the ten?
âVevaáđáđiyamhi ajjhupagatoâ ti, âI have become one who has no (distinctive) appearanceâ,
pabbajitena abhiáđhaáđ paccavekkhitabbaáđ. [01] one who has gone forth should frequently reflect on this.
âParapaáđibaddhÄ me jÄŦvikÄâ ti, âI am bound to others for my livelihoodâ,
pabbajitena abhiáđhaáđ paccavekkhitabbaáđ. [02] one who has gone forth should frequently reflect on this.
âAÃąÃąo me Äkappo karaáđÄŦyoâ ti, âI should comport myself differentlyâ,
pabbajitena abhiáđhaáđ paccavekkhitabbaáđ. [03] one who has gone forth should frequently reflect on this.
âKacci nu kho me attÄ sÄŦlato na upavadatÄŦ?â ti âCan I myself find no fault with my virtue?â
pabbajitena abhiáđhaáđ paccavekkhitabbaáđ. [04] one who has gone forth should frequently reflect on this.
âKacci nu kho maáđ anuvicca viÃąÃąÅŦ sabrahmacÄrÄŦ, sÄŦlato na upavadantÄŦ?â ti âWill my wise companions in the spiritual life, after testing me, find no fault with my virtue?â,
pabbajitena abhiáđhaáđ paccavekkhitabbaáđ. [05] one who has gone forth should frequently reflect on this.
âSabbehi me piyehi manÄpehi nÄnÄbhÄvo vinÄbhÄvoâ ti, âThere is alteration in, and separation from, all that is dear and appealing to meâ,
pabbajitena abhiáđhaáđ paccavekkhitabbaáđ. [06] one who has gone forth should frequently reflect on this.
âKammassakomhi, kammadÄyÄdo, kammayoni, âIt is actions that I own, it is actions that I am heir to, it is actions that I am born from,
kammabandhu, kammapaáđisaraáđo - actions are my kinsfolk, actions are my refuge -
yaáđ kammaáđ karissÄmi, kalyÄáđaáđ vÄ pÄpakaáđ vÄ, whatever actions I perform, whether good or bad,
tassa dÄyÄdo bhavissÄmÄŦâ ti, to that I will be the heirâ,
pabbajitena abhiáđhaáđ paccavekkhitabbaáđ. [07] one who has gone forth should frequently reflect on this.
âKathaáđ bhÅŦtassa me rattiáđdivÄ vÄŦtipatantÄŦ?â ti âIn what way do the nights and days pass for me?â
pabbajitena abhiáđhaáđ paccavekkhitabbaáđ. [08] one who has gone forth should frequently reflect on this.
âKacci nu khohaáđ suÃąÃąÄgÄre abhiramÄmÄŦ?â ti âDo I delight in empty places?â
pabbajitena abhiáđhaáđ paccavekkhitabbaáđ. [09] one who has gone forth should frequently reflect on this.
âAtthi nu kho me uttarimanussadhammÄ - âHas a state beyond (ordinary) human beings -
alam-ariyaÃąÄáđadassanaviseso - adhigato? the distinction of what is truly noble knowledge and seeing - been attained by me?
Soham pacchime kÄle sabrahmacÄrÄŦhi puáđáđho, na maáđ ku bhavissÄmÄŦ?â ti
o Will I at the end, when questioned by my companions in the spiritual life, not be embarrassed?â
pabbajitena abhiáđhaáđ paccavekkhitabbaáđ. [10] one who has gone forth should frequently reflect on this.
Ime kho bhikkhave dasadhammÄ, These are the ten things, monks,
pabbajitena abhiáđhaáđ paccavekkhitabbÄâ ti. that one who has gone forth should frequently reflect on.
Idam-avoca BhagavÄ, The Fortunate One said this,
attamanÄ te bhikkhÅŦ Bhagavato bhÄsitaáđ abhinandun-ti. and those monks were uplifted and greatly rejoiced in the Fortunate Oneâs words.
ÄsÄŦvÄda Verse of Blessing
Etena saccavajjena sotthi te hotu sabbadÄ! By this declaration of the truth may you be safe at all times!
Etena saccavajjena hotu te jayamaáđ galaáđ! By this declaration of the truth may you have the blessing of success!
Etena saccavajjena sabbarogo vinassatu! By this declaration of the truth may all disease be destroyed!
MeditationâĶ
AvasÄnaáđ Conclusion
DhammapadagÄthÄ Verses from the Dhammapada
SabbapÄpassa akaraáđaáđ, kusalassa upasampadÄ, Not doing any bad deeds, undertaking wholesome deeds,
sacittapariyodapanaáđ - etaáđ BuddhÄnaâ sÄsanaáđ. [183] and purifying oneâs mind - this is the teaching of the Buddhas.
KhantÄŦ paramaáđ tapo titikkhÄ, NibbÄnaáđ paramaáđ vadanti BuddhÄ. Forbearing patience is the supreme austerity, NibbÄna is supreme say the Buddhas.
Na hi pabbajito parÅŦpaghÄti, samaáđo hoti paraáđ viheáđhayanto. [184] One gone forth does not hurt another, (nor does) an ascetic harass another.
AnÅŦpavÄdo, anÅŦpaghÄto, pÄtimokkhe ca saáđvaro, Not finding fault, not hurting, restraint in regard to the precepts,
mattaÃąÃąutÄ ca bhattasmiáđ, pantaÃą-ca sayanÄsanaáđ, knowing the correct measure in food, (living in) a remote dwelling place,
adhicitte ca Äyogo - etaáđ BuddhÄnaâ sÄsanaáđ. [185] being devoted to meditation - this is the teaching of the Buddhas.
Sabbe saáđ khÄrÄ aniccÄ ti, yadÄ paÃąÃąÄya passati, All conditioned things are impermanent, when one sees this with wisdom,
atha nibbindati dukkhe, esa maggo visuddhiyÄ. [277] then one grows tired of suffering, this is the path to purity.
Sabbe saáđ khÄrÄ dukkhÄ ti, yadÄ paÃąÃąÄya passati, All conditioned things are suffering, when one sees this with wisdom,
atha nibbindati dukkhe, esa maggo visuddhiyÄ. [278] then one grows tired of suffering, this is the path to purity.
Sabbe dhammÄ anattÄ ti, yadÄ paÃąÃąÄya passati, All things are without a self, when one sees this with wisdom,
atha nibbindati dukkhe, esa maggo visuddhiyÄ. [279] then one grows tired of suffering, this is the path to purity.
Bhavatu sabbamaáđ galaáđ, rakkhantu sabbadevatÄ, May there be every blessing, and may all of the gods protect you,
sabbabuddhÄnubhÄvena sadÄ sotthÄŦ bhavantu te! by the power of all the Buddhas may you be safe forever!
Bhavatu sabbamaáđ galaáđ, rakkhantu sabbadevatÄ, May there be every blessing, and may all of the gods protect you,
sabbadhammÄnubhÄvena sadÄ sotthÄŦ bhavantu te! by the power of all that is Dhamma may you be safe forever!
Bhavatu sabbamaáđ galaáđ, rakkhantu sabbadevatÄ, May there be every blessing, and may all of the gods protect you,
sabbasaáđ ghÄnubhÄvena sadÄ sotthÄŦ bhavantu te! by the power of the whole Sangha may you be safe forever!
ÄkÄsaáđáđhÄ ca bhummaáđáđhÄ devÄ nÄgÄ mahiddhikÄ, May those powerful gods and nÄgas stationed in the sky or on the earth,
puÃąÃąaáđ taáđ anumoditvÄ ciraáđ rakkhantu sÄsanaáđ! having rejoiced in this merit protect the teaching for a long time!
ÄkÄsaáđáđhÄ ca bhummaáđáđhÄ devÄ nÄgÄ mahiddhikÄ, May those powerful gods and nÄgas stationed in the sky or on the earth,
puÃąÃąaáđ taáđ anumoditvÄ ciraáđ rakkhantu desanaáđ! having rejoiced in this merit protect the preaching for a long time!
ÄkÄsaáđáđhÄ ca bhummaáđáđhÄ devÄ nÄgÄ mahiddhikÄ, May those powerful gods and nÄgas stationed in the sky or on the earth,
puÃąÃąaáđ taáđ anumoditvÄ ciraáđ rakkhantu maáđ paran!-ti having rejoiced in this merit protect me and others for a long time!
Idaáđ me ÃąÄtÄŦnaáđ hotu, sukhitÄ hontu ÃąÄtayo! May this (merit) go to my relatives, may my relatives be happy!
Idaáđ me ÃąÄtÄŦnaáđ hotu, sukhitÄ hontu ÃąÄtayo! May this (merit) go to my relatives, may my relatives be happy!
Idaáđ me ÃąÄtÄŦnaáđ hotu, sukhitÄ hontu ÃąÄtayo! May this (merit) go to my relatives, may my relatives be happy!
AdhiáđáđhÄnagÄthÄ Verses of Determination
IminÄ puÃąÃąakammena upajjhÄyÄ guáđuttarÄ, By this meritorious deed may my highly virtuous preceptors,
ÄcariyÅŦpakÄrÄ ca, mÄtÄ pitÄ piyÄ mamaáđ, [01] teachers, and other helpers, my dear mother and father,
Suriyo CandimÄ rÄjÄ, guáđavantÄ narÄ pi ca, the Sun and Moon kings, and also other virtuous beings,
brahmÄ mÄrÄ ca indrÄ ca, lokapÄlÄ ca devatÄ, [02] brahmÄs, mÄras, and indras, and (all) world-protecting gods,
Yamo mittÄ manussÄ ca majjhaáđáđhÄ verikÄpi ca - Yama, friendly humans, neutral persons, and also foes -
sabbe sattÄ sukhÄŦ hontu puÃąÃąÄni pakatÄni me. [03] may all beings be happy with (all) the merits that I have made.
SukhaÃą-ca tividhaáđ dentu khippaáđ pÄpe yathÄ mataáđ, o By these meritorious deeds, by this dedication, may bad deeds
iminÄ puÃąÃąakammena iminÄ uddisena ca. [04] be as though dead, and may (these merits) give the threefold happiness.
KhippÄhaáđ sulabhe ceva taáđhupÄdÄnachedana, May I quickly and easily (see the) cutting off of craving and attachment,
ye santÄne hÄŦnÄ dhammÄ yÄva NibbÄnato mamaáđ - [05] and the whole succession of low things until I arrive at NibbÄna -
nassantu sabbadÄ yeva yattha jÄto bhave bhave. may (these things) be destroyed every day in whatever existence I am born.
Ujucitto satipaÃąÃąo, sallekho viriyavÄminÄ, [06] Upright mind, mindfulness, wisdom, austerity, and energy, by these (qualities),
mÄrÄ labhantu nokÄsaáđ kÄtuÃą-ca viriyesu me, may the mÄras find no room to do (anything) about my energy,
Buddho dÄŦpavaro nÄtho, Dhammo nÄtho varuttamo, [07] The Buddha is an excellent light, a protector the Dhamma is the greatest, most excellent protector,
nÄtho Paccekasambuddho, Saáđ gho nÄthottaro mamaáđ, the Independent Sambuddha is my protector, the Sangha is the greatest protector for me,
tejottamÄnubhÄvena mÄrokÄsaáđ labhantu mÄ. [08] by this highly resplendent power may the mÄras find no room.
OvÄdaáđ Advice (one person only)
AppamÄdena bhikkhave sampÄdetha: Strive on, monks, with heedfulness:
BuddhuppÄdo dullabho lokasmiáđ, the arising of a Buddha in this world is rare,
manussattÄ paáđilÄbho dullabho, acquiring a human existence is rare,
dullabhÄ saddhÄ sampatti, gaining confidence is rare,
pabbajitabhÄvo dullabho, being one gone forth is rare,
Saddhammasavanaáđ atidullabhaáđ. hearing the True Dhamma is extremely rare.
Evaáđ divase divase ovÄdÄŦ: So day in and day out he advised them thus (saying):
âHanda dÄni bhikkhave ÄmantayÄmi vo vayadhammÄ saáđ khÄrÄ, âCome now, monks, for I tell you (all) conditioned things are subject to decay,
appamÄdena sampÄdetha!â strive on with heedfulness!â
VajjapakÄsanaáđ Confession of Faults
KÄyena vÄcÄ cittena pamÄdena mayÄ kataáđ, o For any transgression I have committed through heedlessness, by way of body,
accayaáđ khama me bhante, bhÅŦripaÃąÃąa TathÄgata. speech, or mind, please forgive me, Venerable Sir, Realised One, O greatly wise.
KÄyena vÄcÄ cittena pamÄdena mayÄ kataáđ, o For any transgression I have committed through heedlessness, by way of body,
accayaáđ khama me Dhamma sandiáđáđhika, akÄlika. speech, or mind, please forgive me, O Dhamma, which leads on, not subject to time.
KÄyena vÄcÄ cittena pamÄdena mayÄ kataáđ, o For any transgression I have committed through heedlessness, by way of body,
accayaáđ khama me Saáđ gha, puÃąÃąakkhetta anuttara. speech, or mind, please forgive me, O Sangha unsurpassed field of merit.
(if a senior monk is present the Asking for Forgiveness found in the appendix can be recited here)
VuddhipatthÄnaáđ Benediction
AbhivÄdanasÄŦlissa niccaáđ vaddhÄ pacÄyino, For one in the habit of constantly worshipping respectable elders,
cattÄro dhammÄ vaáļáļhanti: Äyu, vaáđáđo, sukhaáđ, balaáđ. four things increase: length of life, beauty, happiness, and strength.
ÄyurÄrogyasampatti saggasampatti-m-eva ca, The attainment of long life and health, the attainment of heaven,
atho NibbÄnasampatti iminÄ te samijjhatu! and then the attainment of NibbÄna may you be successful in this!
Daily Chanting Home Page https://www.sariputta.com/tipitaka/english
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[PDF] Abhidhamma Dhammasangani - A Buddhist Manual of Psychological Ethics
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Pali Buddhist Texts Explained to the Beginner
Website: https://archive.org/details/PaliBuddhistTextsA Description: An Introductory Reader and Grammar By Rune E. A. Johansson.
Pali is one of the Middle Indian idioms and the classical language of Theravada Buddhism. It is therefore important both to linguists and students of Buddhism. This introductory book centres on a collection of original texts, each selected as an especially important and beautiful formulation of a Buddhist idea. By means of a vocabulary, translation and commentary, each text is explained so concretely that it can be read with little preparation. Detailed explanations are provided for the many technical terms, which have frustrated so many western explorers of Buddhism. For reference, a grammar is provided. Sanskrit parallels to many of the words are given, as well as a special chapter comparing the two languages.
University of Delhi Department of Buddhist Studies
City: Delhi Website: http://du.ac.in/index.php?page=department-of-buddhist-studies Description: The Department of Buddhist Studies was established in 1957 as follow up to the action initiated by the Government of India on the occasion of the celebration of 2500 years of Buddhism on 24 May 1956. This department, the first of its kind in India, was established with the primary objective of conducting research at the advanced level in various subjects related to Buddhist Studies. As part of this initiative, a Chair of Buddhist Studies was created. Professor P.V. Bapat, a scholar of international repute, was the first scholar to occupy this chair.
Offers courses: - Ph.D. Buddhist Studies - M.Phil. Buddhist Studies - M.A. Buddhist Studies - Diploma in Pali Language & Literature - Diploma in Tibetan Language & Literature - Certificate Course in Pali Language & Literature - Certificate Course in Tibetan Language & Literature
Dhamma Talks by Ven. Amatha Gavesi
Website: http://www.basicbuddhism.org/dharma-talks-download/ Description: Dhamma Talks delivered by Late Ven. Amatha Gavesi Thera of Sri Lanka during meditation retreats in Singapore in 1992. See also: http://www.oocities.com/venamathagavesi/talks.htm
Introduction to Mindfulness Meditation
City: Redwood City Federal State: CA Website: http://www.insightmeditationcenter.org/programs/online-courses/ Description: This course is based on Gil Fronsdalâs six-week Introduction to Mindfulness Meditation class. Itâs supplemented with written material, exercises and reflections for bringing the practice into daily life.
5 weeks of personal support is offered by various teachers either by email, or at pre-arranged times, using Phone, Skype or Google Talk. (Gil does not offer any personal support.) The course material is not live, so it can be done at any time during the day. The course may also be Audited without personal teacher support. Maps of Ancient Buddhist Asia
Website: http://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Maps/MP-index.htm Description: A series of maps illustrating points of interest in the Life of the Buddha, the surroundings he taught in, and the development of Buddhism throughout Asia.
A Buddhist Catechism
Website: https://archive.org/details/ABuddhistCatechism Description: Classic text by Henry Steel Olcott updated for the modern reader.
Wide Angle Lens
Website: https://sites.google.com/site/wideanglewilderness/home Description: This site focuses on the richness of the Thai Wilderness Tradition of Buddhism, with the aim of presenting some of the foundational influences of the tradition, along with lesser known dimensions of the characters, teachings, stories and lives of some of the greatest saints of modern times.
Website: https://www.reddit.com/r/theravada Description: Theravada subreddit that has good content posted regularly.
The Skillful Teachings of Thanissaro Bhikkhu Public Group
Federal State: California Website: https://www.facebook.com/groups/102608566443956/ Description: Teachings, writings, talks and translations of Thanissaro Bhikkhu, and the teachings of Ajahn Geoffâs lineage teachers.
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Pali Chanting in Thai Script âĶ
âĶ in Romanized Pali and
with English Translation
Collecting and publishing the Theravada
Chantings as recited in Thailand is the
purpose of this blog.
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Much more information, Audio and pdf files :
Pali Sutta, Gatha and Paritta in Thai Script
pdf file of the Pali Chantings
Audio files, information etc
CONTENT:
The Pali Alphabet
The Vowels
The Consonants
Different Texts and Chantings
1_Abhaya Gaathaa Paritta / Abhaya GÄthÄ
2_ Tisarana / Namo Tassa
3_ The Three Refuges
4_ Attha Sila - The Eight Precepts
4.1_Panca Sila - The Five Precepts
Morning chanting
5_ Salutation to the Triple Gem - Ratanattaya Vandanaa
6_Bowing to the Triple Gem
7_Tisarana / Namo Tassa
8_Buddha Bhithuti - Praise to the Buddha
9_Dhamma Bhithuti / Praise to the Dhamma
10_Sangha Bhithuti - Praise to the Sangha
11_Ratanattayapanaamagaathaa - Salutation to the triple gem
âĶâĶ..and passages for dispassioneteness
12_Samvega Parikittanapaatha - Passages conducive to
âĶâĶ dispassionateness
Evening Chanting
13_Buddha Nussati - Recollection on the Buddha
14_Buddha Bhigiiti - Hymn to the Buddha
15_Dhamma Nussati - Recollection on the Dhamma
16_Dhamma Bhigiiti - Hymn to the Dhamma
17_Sangha Nussati - Recollection on the Sangha
18_Sangha Bhigiiti - Hymn to the Sangha (end of evening chanting)
Other Texts
Contemplation of the Body - 31 Body Parts
Five Subjekts for Frequent Recollection - Abhinhapacca
Tree >> Sutta Piáđaka >> Aáđ guttara NikÄya >> Tika NipÄta
AN 3.66 -
Kesamutti [aka KÄlÄmÄ] Sutta â To the KÄlÄmas of Kesamutti â In this famous sutta, the Buddha reminds us to ultimately trust only our own direct experience of the reality, not what is declared by others, even if they happen to be our ârevered teacherâ.
On one occasion, the
BhagavÄ, traveling on tour among the Kosalans with a large saáđ gha of
bhikkhus, arrived at a town of the KÄlÄmas named Kesamutti. So the
KÄlÄmas of Kesamutti heard: âThe samaáđa Gotama, bho, the son of the
Sakyas who has gone forth from the Sakyan family, traveling on tour
among the Kosalans with a large saáđ gha of bhikkhus, has reached Kesamutti. And it is that venerable Gotama, about whom such a good reputation has spread: âsurely, he is a BhagavÄ, an arahant, rightly and fully awakened, accomplished in vijjÄ and [good] conduct, faring well, knowing the world, the unsurpassed leader of persons to be tamed, teacher of devas and humans, a Buddha, a BhagavÄ. He makes known this world with its devas, with its MÄras, with its Brahmas, with the samaáđas and brahmins, [this] generation with rulers and peoples, having experienced himself abhiÃąÃąÄ. He teaches the Dhamma which is advantageous in the beginning, advantageous in the middle, advantageous in the end, with the [right] meaning and with the [right] phrasing; he reveals the brahmacariya which is completely perfect and pure.â And seeing such an arahant would be profitable.â
So
the KÄlÄmas of Kesamutti approached the BhagavÄ; having approached,
some of them paid respect to the BhagavÄ and sat down to one side; some
of them exchanged friendly greetings with the BhagavÄ and, having exchanged friendly greetings and a cordial talk, sat down to one side; some of them raised their joined hands in salutation to the BhagavÄ and sat down to one side; some of them announced their name and clan and sat down to one side. Sitting to one side, the KÄlÄmas of Kesamutti said to the BhagavÄ:
â There are, bhante, samaáđas and brahmans who come to Kesamutti. They expound and extol their own doctrine, but they disparage, despise, treat with contempt and debunk the doctrines of others. Then, bhante, some other samaáđas and brahmans come to Kesamutti. They too expound and extol their own doctrine, and they disparage, despise, treat with contempt and debunk the doctrines of others.
On account of that, bhante, there is for us perplexity and vicikicchÄ:
âWhich then, of these venerable samaáđas and brahmans say the truth, and
which speak falsely?â
â Of course, KÄlÄmas, you are perplexed, of course you are doubting. VicikicchÄ has arisen in you on account of a perplexing matter. Do not go, you KÄlÄmas, by what you have heard said, nor by what has been transmitted [by a tradition], nor by the general consensus, nor by what has been handed down in a collection of texts, nor on the basis of logical reasoning, nor on the basis of inference, nor by reflection on appearances, nor by agreement after pondering views, nor by what seems probable,
nor by [the thought:] âThe samaáđa is our revered teacherâ. Whenever,
KÄlÄmas, you know for yourselves: âThese dhammas are akusala, these
dhammas are sÄvajja, these dhammas are censured by the wise, these
dhammas, when undertaken and carried out, lead to harm and dukkhaâ,
then, KÄlÄmas, you should abandon them.
â And this greedy person, KÄlÄmas, his citta being overcome, overpowered by lobha, destroys life, takes what is not given, goes to the wife of another, speaks falsely, and prompts others to do the same, which is for his long term harm and dukkha.
â And this aversive person, KÄlÄmas, his citta being overcome, overpowered by dosa, destroys life, takes what is not given, goes to the wife of another, speaks falsely, and prompts others to do the same, which is for his long term harm and dukkha.
â And this deluded person, KÄlÄmas, his citta being overcome, overpowered by dosa, destroys life, takes what is not given, goes to the wife of another, speaks falsely, and prompts others to do the same, which is for his long term harm and dukkha.
â This, KÄlÄmas, is what I said: âDo
not go, you KÄlÄmas, by what you have heard said, nor by what has been
transmitted [by a tradition], nor by the general consensus, nor by what
has been handed down in a collection of texts, nor on the basis of
logical reasoning, nor on the basis of inference, nor by reflection on
appearances, nor by agreement after pondering views, nor by what seems
probable, nor by [the thought:] âThe samaáđa is our revered teacherâ.
Whenever, KÄlÄmas, you know for yourselves: âThese dhammas are akusala,
these dhammas are sÄvajja, these dhammas are censured by the wise, these
dhammas, when undertaken and carried out, lead to harm and dukkhaâ,
then, KÄlÄmas, you should abandon them.â Thus has it been said, it has
been said considering this. Etha tumhe, kÄlÄmÄ, mÄ anussavena, mÄ
param·parÄya, mÄ iti·kirÄya, mÄ piáđaka·sampadÄnena, mÄ takka·hetu, mÄ
naya·hetu, mÄ ÄkÄra·parivitakkena, mÄ diáđáđhi·nijjhÄna·kkhantiyÄ, mÄ
bhabba·rÅŦpatÄya, mÄ âsamaáđo no garÅŦâti. YadÄ tumhe, kÄlÄmÄ, attanÄ·va
jÄneyyÄtha: âime dhammÄ kusalÄ, ime dhammÄ anavajjÄ, ime dhammÄ
viÃąÃąu·ppasatthÄ, ime dhammÄ samattÄ samÄdinnÄ hitÄya sukhÄya
saáđvattantÄŦâti, atha tumhe, kÄlÄmÄ, upasampajja vihareyyÄtha.
Do not go, you KÄlÄmas, by what you have heard said, nor by what has been transmitted [by a tradition], nor by the general consensus, nor by what has been handed down in a collection of texts, nor on the basis of logical reasoning, nor on the basis of inference, nor by reflection on appearances, nor by agreement after pondering views, nor by what seems probable,
nor by [the thought:] âThe samaáđa is our revered teacherâ. Whenever,
KÄlÄmas, you know for yourselves: âThese dhammas are kusala, these
dhammas are anavajja, these dhammas are commended by the wise, these
dhammas, when undertaken and carried out, lead to welfare and sukhaâ,
then, KÄlÄmas, having reached them, you should dwell in them.
â What do you think, KÄlÄmas, when a·lobha arises within an individual, does it arise for his welfare or his harm?
â HitÄya, bhante.
â For his welfare, bhante.
â A·luddho
pan·Äyaáđ, kÄlÄmÄ, purisa·puggalo lobhena an·abhibhÅŦto
a·pariyÄdinna·citto neva pÄáđaáđ hanati, na adinnaáđ Ädiyati, na para·dÄraáđ
gacchati, na musÄ bhaáđati, na param·pi tathattÄya samÄdapeti, yaáđ sa
hoti dÄŦgha·rattaáđ hitÄya sukhÄyÄ ti.
â And this ungreedy person, KÄlÄmas, his citta not being overcome, not overpowered by lobha, does not destroy life, does not take what is not given, does not go to the wife of another, does not speak falsely, and does not prompt others to do the same, which is for his long term welfare and sukha.
â What do you think, KÄlÄmas, when a·dosa arises within an individual, does it arise for his welfare or his harm?
â HitÄya, bhante.
â For his welfare, bhante.
â A·duáđáđho
pan·Äyaáđ, kÄlÄmÄ, purisa·puggalo dosena an·abhibhÅŦto
a·pariyÄdinna·citto neva pÄáđaáđ hanati, na adinnaáđ Ädiyati, na para·dÄraáđ
gacchati, na musÄ bhaáđati, na param·pi tathattÄya samÄdapeti, yaáđ sa
hoti dÄŦgha·rattaáđ hitÄya sukhÄyÄ ti.
â And this unaversive person, KÄlÄmas, his citta not being overcome, not overpowered by lobha, does not destroy life, does not take what is not given, does not go to the wife of another, does not speak falsely, and does not prompt others to do the same, which is for his long term welfare and sukha.
â What do you think, KÄlÄmas, when a·moha arises within an individual, does it arise for his welfare or his harm?
â HitÄya, bhante.
â For his welfare, bhante.
â A·mÅŦáļ·ho
pan·Äyaáđ, kÄlÄmÄ, purisa·puggalo mohena an·abhibhÅŦto
a·pariyÄdinna·citto neva pÄáđaáđ hanati, na adinnaáđ Ädiyati, na para·dÄraáđ
gacchati, na musÄ bhaáđati, na param·pi tathattÄya samÄdapeti, yaáđ sa
hoti dÄŦgha·rattaáđ hitÄya sukhÄyÄ ti.
â And this undeluded person, KÄlÄmas, his citta not being overcome, not overpowered by lobha, does not destroy life, does not take what is not given, does not go to the wife of another, does not speak falsely, and does not prompt others to do the same, which is for his long term welfare and sukha.
This, KÄlÄmas, is what I said: âDo not go, you KÄlÄmas, by what you have heard said, nor by what has been transmitted [by a tradition], nor by the general consensus, nor by what has been handed down in a collection of texts, nor on the basis of logical reasoning, nor on the basis of inference, nor by reflection on appearances, nor by agreement after pondering
views, nor by what seems probable, nor by [the thought:] âThe samaáđa is
our revered teacherâ. Whenever, KÄlÄmas, you know for yourselves:
âThese dhammas are kusala, these dhammas are anavajja, these dhammas are
commended by the wise, these dhammas, when undertaken and carried out,
lead to welfare and sukhaâ, then, KÄlÄmas, having reached them, you
should dwell in them.â Thus has it been said, it has been said
considering this.
Such an ariya·sÄvaka, KÄlÄmas, thus devoid of abhijjhÄ, devoid of byÄpÄda, undeluded, sampajÄna, (consistently) sata, dwells pervading one direction with a citta imbued with mettÄ, likewise the second, likewise the third, likewise the fourth; so above, below, transversely, everywhere and in every respect, he dwells pervading the entire world with a citta imbued with mettÄ, abundant, extensive, boundless, devoid of hostility, devoid of ill-will.
He dwells pervading one direction with a citta imbued with karuáđÄ, likewise the second, likewise the third, likewise the fourth; so above, below, transversely, everywhere and in every respect, he dwells pervading the entire world with a citta imbued with karuáđÄ, abundant, extensive, boundless, devoid of hostility, devoid of ill-will.
He dwells pervading one direction with a citta imbued with muditÄ, likewise the second, likewise the third, likewise the fourth; so above, below, transversely, everywhere and in every respect, he dwells pervading the entire world with a citta imbued with muditÄ, abundant, extensive, boundless, devoid of hostility, devoid of ill-will.
He dwells pervading one direction with a citta imbued with upekkhÄ, likewise the second, likewise the third, likewise the fourth; so above, below, transversely, everywhere and in every respect, he dwells pervading the entire world with a citta imbued with upekkhÄ, abundant, extensive, boundless, devoid of hostility, devoid of ill-will.
Sa
kho so, kÄlÄmÄ, ariya·sÄvako evaáđ avera·citto evaáđ a·byÄpajjha·citto
evaáđ a·saáđkiliáđáđha·citto evaáđ visuddha·citto, tassa diáđáđheva dhamme
cattÄro assÄsÄ adhigatÄ honti:
Such an ariya·sÄvaka, KÄlÄmas, having a mind thus unhostile, having a mind thus unmalevolent, having a mind thus unsoiled, having a mind thus pure, has gained four confidences in the visible order of phenomena:
âIf there is another world, there is a fruit and result of kamma rightly and wrongly performed, then at the breakup of the body, after death, I will re-arise in a good destination, a state of happinessâ: this is the first confidence he has gained.
âAnd
if there is no another world, there is no fruit nor result of kamma
rightly and wrongly performed, then in the visible order of phenomena I
look after myself without hostility, without ill-will, without trouble,
happyâ: this is the second confidence he has gained.
âAnd if pÄpa befalls
its doer, I do not intend any pÄpa. Not having done pÄpa kamma, how
would dukkha touch me?â: this is the third confidence he has gained.
âAnd if pÄpa does not befall its doer, then I see myself pure in both respectsâ: this is the fourth confidence he has gained.
Sa
kho so, kÄlÄmÄ, ariya·sÄvako evaáđ avera·citto evaáđ a·byÄpajjha·citto
evaáđ a·saáđkiliáđáđha·citto evaáđ visuddha·citto, tassa diáđáđheva dhamme ime
cattÄro assÄsÄ adhigatÄ hontÄŦ·ti.
Such an ariya·sÄvaka, KÄlÄmas, having a mind thus unhostile, having a mind thus unmalevolent, having a mind thus unsoiled, having a mind thus pure, has gained these four confidences in the visible order of phenomena.
â So it is, BhagavÄ, so it is, sugata! Such an ariya·sÄvaka, Bhante, having a mind thus unhostile, having a mind thus unmalevolent, having a mind thus unsoiled, having a mind thus pure, has gained four confidences in the visible order of phenomena:
âIf there is another world, there is a fruit and result of kamma rightly and wrongly performed, then at the breakup of the body, after death, I will re-arise in a good destination, a state of happinessâ: this is the first confidence he has gained.
âAnd
if there is no another world, there is no fruit nor result of kamma
rightly and wrongly performed, then in the visible order of phenomena I
look after myself without hostility, without ill-will, without trouble,
happyâ: this is the second confidence he has gained.
âAnd if pÄpa befalls
its doer, I do not intend any pÄpa. Not having done pÄpa kamma, how
would dukkha touch me?â: this is the third confidence he has gained.
âAnd
if pÄpa does not befall its doer, then I consider myself pure in both
respectsâ: this is the fourth confidence he has gained.
Sa kho
so, bhante, ariya·sÄvako evaáđ avera·citto evaáđ a·byÄpajjha·citto evaáđ
a·saáđkiliáđáđha·citto evaáđ visuddha·citto, tassa diáđáđheva dhamme ime
cattÄro assÄsÄ adhigatÄ honti.
Such an ariya·sÄvaka, Bhante, having a mind thus unhostile, having a mind thus unmalevolent, having a mind thus unsoiled, having a mind thus pure, has gained these four confidences in the visible order of phenomena.
Excellent, Bhante, excellent, Bhante! Just as, Bhante, if one were to set upright what was overturned, or to uncover what was hidden, or to show the way to one who was erring, or to hold an oil lamp in the darkness, [thinking:] âThose who have eyes will see visible formsâ; in the
same way, the Dhamma has been revealed by the BhagavÄ in various ways.
So we, Bhante, go for refuge to the BhagavÄ, to the Dhamma and to the
saáđ gha of bhikkhus. Let the BhagavÄ, Bhante, admit us as upÄsakas having
gone for refuge from today on, for life.
Bodhi leaf Bodhi leaf
Notes
1. anussava: [anu+sava] (lit: what is heard/learned along, what is in conformity with what has been heard/learned) - âoral traditionâ (B. Bodhi) - âreportsâ (Than. B.) - âwhat has been acquired by repeated hearingâ (Soma Thera). B. Bodhi writes about it: âgenerally understood to refer to the Vedic tradition, which, according to the Brahmins, had originated with the Primal Deity and had been handed down orally through successive generations.â
The term is clearly used with the meaning of âreportâ at MN 68:
IdhÄnuruddhÄ,
bhikkhu suáđÄti: âItthannÄmo bhikkhu kÄlakato; so bhagavatÄ byÄkato
aÃąÃąÄya saáđáđhahÄŦâti. So kho panassa ÄyasmÄ sÄmaáđ diáđáđho vÄ hoti
anussava·ssuto vÄ: âevaáđ·sÄŦlo so ÄyasmÄ ahosi
Here, Anuruddha, a bhikkhu hears: âThe bhikkhu named so-and-so has died; it has been declared by the BhagavÄ that he was established in (final) knowledge.â And he has seen that venerable one himself or he has heard the report: âThat venerable oneâs virtue was thus
At
MN 76 are given as synonyms itihitiha·parampara and piáđaka·sampada
(âwhat has been transmitted dogmaticallyâ, âwhat has been handed down in
a collection of textsâ), both of which refer to traditions (see
following notes).
So it seems that the word anussava is rather used in this case in the sense of âlore/traditionâ:
..a certain teacher is one who goes by a lore/tradition, who takes a lore/tradition for the truth. He teaches a dhamma in conformity with what he has heard, through what has been transmitted dogmatically, through what has been handed down in a collection of texts.
In the context of the KÄlÄma Sutta, given the fact that the listeners have been hearing mutually contradicting doctrines, it would be quite logical that the first expression would refer directly to it, so âwhat you have heard saidâ seems to be a satisfying rendering.
2. paramparÄ: [para+para] (lit: âfurther-furtherâ, or âanother-anotherâ ie. one after the other, successive) - âlineage of teachingâ (B. Bodhi) - legends (Than. B.) - tradition
(Soma Th.). B. Bodhi writes about it: ââlineageâ, signifies tradition
in general, an unbroken succession of teachings or teachers.â However,
it may not be that simple.
It is obviously an idiomatic expression, which is not precisely self-explanatory, which seems to be quite loose in meaning and to accept a
relatively large panel of contexts. As an example, we find
bÄhÄ·paramparÄya in the PÄrÄjika of the Vinaya Pitaka, and it means âarm
in armâ (Pr 282):
sambahulÄ itthiyo aÃąÃąataraáđ bhikkhuáđ sampÄŦáļ·etvÄ bÄhÄparamparÄya Änesuáđ. many women, having tightly surrounded a certain bhikkhu, drove him along arm in arm.
Parampara·bhojana·sikkhÄpada
is one of the PÄtimokkha rules and refers to an âout-of-turn/extra
mealâ, which Than B. sums up as follows: âThe term out-of-turn meal covers two sorts of situations: A bhikkhu has been invited to a meal consisting of any of the five staple foods but then either (1) goes elsewhere and eats another meal consisting of any of the five staple foods at the same time as the meal to which he was originally invited; or (2) eats a staple food prior to going to the meal.â
In
the ParivÄra of the Vinaya, the word Äcariya·paramparÄ means obviously
âlineage of teachersâ, but this may belong to relatively late
literature.
At MN 83 âparamparÄ caturÄsÄŦtirÄjasahassÄniâ means
â84000 successive kingsâ (even though this sutta seems to be of
relatively late origin too).
And at MN 95 and 99, regarding the vedic hymns, it is said:
among the brahman seers of the past, the creators of the hymns, the composers of the hymns, those ancient hymns, sung, repeated, & collected, which brahmans at present still sing, still chant, repeating what was said, repeating what was spoken, ie..
And then, as a commentary to this situation:
SeyyathÄpi (..) andhaveáđi paramparÄ·saáđsattÄ purimopi na passati majjhimopi na passati pacchimopi na passati.
Just
as if (..) there would be a file of blind men attached one to another:
the first one does not see, the middle one does not see, and the last
one does not see.
So the word is clearly used here with a reference to an oral tradition of blind repetition. This proves that there is indeed some ground for the above mentioned assertion of B. Bodhi, and the interpretation of paramparÄ as a teaching that comes through a âlineageâ.
We
find as well (as at MN 76) the compound itihitiha·parampara, which is
also usually associated with anussava and piáđaka·sampada (âwhat has been
transmitted dofmaticallyâ, âwhat has been handed down in a collection
of textsâ), and it seems that the simple parampara we have here is a
shortening of this term.
The reduplication itih·itiha (âthus-thusâ) seems to refer to dogmatism (âthus indeed it is!â), which would be consistent with early exegesis: in the CÅŦáļ·aniddesa of the Khuddaka NikÄya (Nc 106), in an explanation
of the expression âsabbaáđ taáđ itihÄŦtihaâ (everything that is itihÄŦtiha)
all the terms of this passage are cited (itikirÄya paramparÄya etc.),
and the following explanation is added: âna sÄmaáđ sayamabhiÃąÃąÄtaáđ na
attapaccakkhaáđ dhammaáđ yaáđ kathayiáđsÅŦâ (they expounded the teaching
without having experienced it themselves, without having ascertained it
personally).
So according to the early exegesis, and keeping in
mind the examples found at MN 95 and 99, itih·itiha·param·para could
mean âwhat has been transmitted dogmaticallyâ. And since the
reduplication param·para seems to emphasize the idea of transmission, it
would make sense in our case to render it as âwhat has been transmitted
[by a tradition]â.
3. iti·kira: [iti+kira] (lit: âthus surely/one would expectâ) - âhearsayâ (B. Bodhi) - tradition
(Than. B.) - rumor (Soma Th.). B. Bodhi writes about it: ââHearsayâ (or
âreportâ; itikarÄ) may mean popular opinion or general consensusâ, but we may note the misspelling of the word that might be a source of confusion.
This word does not appear in any other context, so we are left with a
semantical analysis and guesses. âGeneral consensusâ seems to make
sense.
4. piáđakasampadÄna: [piáđaka+sampadÄna] - âa collection of scripturesâ (B. Bodhi) - scripture (Than. B.) - âwhat
is in a scriptureâ (Soma Th.). B. Bodhi writes about it: ââa collection
of scripturesâ (piáđaka-sampadÄ) signifies any collection of religious
texts regarded as infallible.â The term is quite self-explanatory. However, given the order of the words in this compound, the emphasis seems to be rather on the last one. And given the fact that at that time the knowledge was transmitted orally (so âscriptureâ doesnât seem quite appropriate), the rendering âwhat has been handed down in a collection of textsâ seems more satisfying.
5. takka·hetu: logical reasoning (B. Bodhi) - logical conjecture (Than. B.) - surmise (Soma
Th.). The compound itself does not appear in any other context, so we
are again left with a semantic analysis. Takka means âthought,
reflection, reasoning, logic or butter-milkâ. At DN 1 and MN 76, the
words takkÄŦ, and thereby takka, are explained as follows:
..a
certain [individual] is a reasoner, an investigator. He teaches a
dhamma hammered out by reasoning/logical thinking, following lines of
investigation as they occur to him.
So takka seems to
be satisfyingly rendered by âreasoning/logical thinkingâ. Hetu, in
compounds, may mean âon account ofâ, for the sake ofâ, by reason ofâ, in
consequence ofââ etc. So finally takka·hetu could be rendered by âon
the basis of logical reasoningâ.
6. naya·hetu: inferential reasoning (B. Bodhi) - inference (Than. B.) - axiom (Soma Th.). Once again, the compound itself does not appear in any other context. Naya comes from nayati (=neti), which means âto lead, guide, conduct, to take, carry (away)â, or âto draw (a conclusion),
to understand, to take asâ. The expression ânayaáđ netiâ means âto draw a
conclusionâ. Naya·hetu seems to be satisfyingly rendered by âon the
basis of inferenceâ.
7. ÄkÄra·parivitakka: reflection on
reasons, reasoned reflection (B. Bodhi) - analogies (Than. B.) -
specious reasoning (Soma Th.). ÄkÄra has quite a large panel of meanings: âstate, condition, property, quality, attribute, sign, appearance, form, way, mode, manner, reason, ground, accountâ. âAppearanceâ seems to fit the context better than âreasonsâ. In that case, ÄkÄra·parivitakka would mean âreflection on appearancesâ, and would refer to theories such as the big bang theory, which is based on observations of the seeming evolution of the apparent universe.
8. diáđáđhi·nijjhÄna·kkhanti: acceptance of a view after pondering it (B. Bodhi) - agreement through pondering views (Than. B.) - bias toward a notion that has been pondered
over [doesnât seem quite appropriate] (Soma Th.). NijjhÄna·kkhanti is a
substantivation of the expression ânijjhÄnaáđ khamatiâ. The best way to
understand it is to see in which contexts it appears elsewhere:
SN 25.1
Cakkhuáđ..
mano anicco vipariáđÄmÄŦ aÃąÃąathÄ·bhÄvÄŦ. (âĶ) Yassa kho, bhikkhave, ime
dhammÄ evaáđ paÃąÃąÄya mattaso nijjhÄnaáđ khamanti, ayaáđ vuccati:
âdhamm·ÄnusÄrÄŦ..â
The eye.. the mind is inconstant,
changeable, alterable. (âĶ) One who, after pondering with a modicum of
discernment, has accepted that these phenomena are this way is called a
Dhamma-follower..
The dhammas proclaimed by the TathÄgata are approved by him after examination with a modicum of discernment.
So
it is clear that nijjhÄna·kkhanti refers to an intellectual acceptation
that involves some moderate application of paÃąÃąÄ, but which is not
enough yet to come to a definite conclusion. See the example of the
elephant footprints given at MN 27. Therefore, âagreement after
pondering viewsâ seems to be an appropriate rendering for
diáđáđhi·nijjhÄna·kkhanti.
9. bhabba·rÅŦpatÄ: the seeming competence of a speaker (B. Bodhi) - probability (Than. B.) - anotherâs seeming ability (Soma Th.). B. Bodhi and Soma Th. simply follow the AáđáđhakathÄ (older commentary). The AáđáđhakathÄ, mentions a speaker as being a bhikkhu, but that doesnât fit the context of the KÄlÄmas (who have been seeing ascetics of different origin), and there is no mention of any speaker in this expression. The term appears only once at Ud 70, in a very obscure verse (âmohasambandhano loko, bhabbarÅŦpova dissatiâ) out of which it is difficult to draw any clear conclusion, all the more that the AáđáđhakathÄ seems to take it rather as âbhavarÅŦpovaâ.
Bhabba
means âable, capable, fit for, possibleâ, and is mostly used in the
latter sense. RÅŦpatÄ means âappearance, accordance, conformityâ. Two
renderings seem to fit the context: âwhat seems possibleâ, âwhat seems
probableâ. That might refer for example to choosing the most adequate
rendering for a translation.
Translated from the Pali by Thanissaro Bhikkhu. Access to Insight, 1 July 2010. âââoOoâââ Published as a gift of Dhamma, to be distributed free of charge.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lRgzLPU-EHE â
This, KÄlÄmas, is what I said: âDo not go, you KÄlÄmas, by what you
have heard said, nor by what has been transmitted [by a tradition], nor
by the general consensus, nor by what has been handed down in a
collection of texts, nor on the basis of logical reasoning, nor on the
basis of inference, nor by reflection on appearances, nor by agreement
after pondering views, nor by what seems probable, nor by [the thought:]
âThe samaáđa is our revered teacherâ. Whenever, KÄlÄmas, you know for
yourselves: âThese dhammas are kusala, these dhammas are anavajja, these
dhammas are commended by the wise, these dhammas, when undertaken and
carried out, lead to welfare and sukhaâ, then, KÄlÄmas, having reached
them, you should dwell in them.â Thus has it been said, it has been said
considering this. KALAMA SUTTA Tarun Gautam 44 subscribers This
is my first 2D- Flash project with my friends.We all are students and
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confidence after completed this project.After this we all are looking
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youtube.com KALAMA SUTTA This is my first 2D- Flash project with my friends.We all are students and our teachere Sanjay sir guied us and he did some corrections.We all felt confidencâĶ 29) Classical English,Roman, https://www.buddha-vacana.org/sutta/anguttara/03/an03-066.html AN 3.66 - Kesamutti [aka KÄlÄmÄ] Sutta â To the KÄlÄmas of Kesamutti â
Thus have I heard:
On
one occasion, the BhagavÄ, traveling on tour among the Kosalans with a
large saáđ gha of bhikkhus, arrived at a town of the KÄlÄmas named
Kesamutti. So the KÄlÄmas of Kesamutti heard: âThe samaáđa Gotama, bho,
the son of the Sakyas who has gone forth from the Sakyan family,
traveling on tour among the Kosalans with a large saáđ gha of bhikkhus,
has reached Kesamutti. And it is that venerable Gotama, about whom such a
good reputation has spread: âsurely, he is a BhagavÄ, an arahant,
rightly and fully awakened, accomplished in vijjÄ and [good] conduct,
faring well, knowing the world, the unsurpassed leader of persons to be
tamed, teacher of devas and humans, a Buddha, a BhagavÄ. He makes known
this world with its devas, with its MÄras, with its Brahmas, with the
samaáđas and brahmins, [this] generation with rulers and peoples, having
experienced himself abhiÃąÃąÄ. He teaches the Dhamma which is advantageous
in the beginning, advantageous in the middle, advantageous in the end,
with the [right] meaning and with the [right] phrasing; he reveals the
brahmacariya which is completely perfect and pure.â And seeing such an
arahant would be profitable.â So the KÄlÄmas of Kesamutti approached
the BhagavÄ; having approached, some of them paid respect to the BhagavÄ
and sat down to one side; some of them exchanged friendly greetings
with the BhagavÄ and, having exchanged friendly greetings and a cordial
talk, sat down to one side; some of them raised their joined hands in
salutation to the BhagavÄ and sat down to one side; some of them
announced their name and clan and sat down to one side. Sitting to one
side, the KÄlÄmas of Kesamutti said to the BhagavÄ:
â There are,
bhante, samaáđas and brahmans who come to Kesamutti. They expound and
extol their own doctrine, but they disparage, despise, treat with
contempt and debunk the doctrines of others. Then, bhante, some other
samaáđas and brahmans come to Kesamutti. They too expound and extol their
own doctrine, and they disparage, despise, treat with contempt and
debunk the doctrines of others. On account of that, bhante, there is for
us perplexity and vicikicchÄ: âWhich then, of these venerable samaáđas
and brahmans say the truth, and which speak falsely?â
â Of
course, KÄlÄmas, you are perplexed, of course you are doubting.
VicikicchÄ has arisen in you on account of a perplexing matter. Do not
go, you KÄlÄmas, by what you have heard said, nor by what has been
transmitted [by a tradition], nor by the general consensus, nor by what
has been handed down in a collection of texts, nor on the basis of
logical reasoning, nor on the basis of inference, nor by reflection on
appearances, nor by agreement after pondering views, nor by what seems
probable, nor by [the thought:] âThe samaáđa is our revered teacherâ.
Whenever, KÄlÄmas, you know for yourselves: âThese dhammas are akusala,
these dhammas are sÄvajja, these dhammas are censured by the wise, these
dhammas, when undertaken and carried out, lead to harm and dukkhaâ,
then, KÄlÄmas, you should abandon them.
â What do you think, KÄlÄmas, when lobha arises within an individual, does it arise for his welfare or his harm?
â For his harm, bhante.
â
And this greedy person, KÄlÄmas, his citta being overcome, overpowered
by lobha, destroys life, takes what is not given, goes to the wife of
another, speaks falsely, and prompts others to do the same, which is for
his long term harm and dukkha.
â Indeed, bhante.
â What do you think, KÄlÄmas, when dosa arises within an individual, does it arise for his welfare or his harm?
â For his harm, bhante.
â
And this aversive person, KÄlÄmas, his citta being overcome,
overpowered by dosa, destroys life, takes what is not given, goes to the
wife of another, speaks falsely, and prompts others to do the same,
which is for his long term harm and dukkha.
â Indeed, bhante.
â What do you think, KÄlÄmas, when moha arises within an individual, does it arise for his welfare or his harm?
â For his harm, bhante.
â
And this deluded person, KÄlÄmas, his citta being overcome, overpowered
by dosa, destroys life, takes what is not given, goes to the wife of
another, speaks falsely, and prompts others to do the same, which is for
his long term harm and dukkha.
â Indeed, bhante.
â So what do you think, KÄlÄmas, are these dhammas kusala or akusala?
â Akusala, bhante.
â SÄvajja or anavajja?
â SÄvajja, bhante.
â Censured by the wise or commended by the wise?
â Censured by the wise, bhante.
â If undertaken and carried out, they lead to harm and dukkha, or not? How is it in this case?
â If undertaken and carried out, they lead to harm and dukkha. Thus it is in this case.
â
This, KÄlÄmas, is what I said: âDo not go, you KÄlÄmas, by what you
have heard said, nor by what has been transmitted [by a tradition], nor
by the general consensus, nor by what has been handed down in a
collection of texts, nor on the basis of logical reasoning, nor on the
basis of inference, nor by reflection on appearances, nor by agreement
after pondering views, nor by what seems probable, nor by [the thought:]
âThe samaáđa is our revered teacherâ. Whenever, KÄlÄmas, you know for
yourselves: âThese dhammas are akusala, these dhammas are sÄvajja, these
dhammas are censured by the wise, these dhammas, when undertaken and
carried out, lead to harm and dukkhaâ, then, KÄlÄmas, you should abandon
them.â Thus has it been said, it has been said considering this. Do
not go, you KÄlÄmas, by what you have heard said, nor by what has been
transmitted [by a tradition], nor by the general consensus, nor by what
has been handed down in a collection of texts, nor on the basis of
logical reasoning, nor on the basis of inference, nor by reflection on
appearances, nor by agreement after pondering views, nor by what seems
probable, nor by [the thought:] âThe samaáđa is our revered teacherâ.
Whenever, KÄlÄmas, you know for yourselves: âThese dhammas are kusala,
these dhammas are anavajja, these dhammas are commended by the wise,
these dhammas, when undertaken and carried out, lead to welfare and
sukhaâ, then, KÄlÄmas, having reached them, you should dwell in them.
â What do you think, KÄlÄmas, when a·lobha arises within an individual, does it arise for his welfare or his harm?
â For his welfare, bhante.
â
And this ungreedy person, KÄlÄmas, his citta not being overcome, not
overpowered by lobha, does not destroy life, does not take what is not
given, does not go to the wife of another, does not speak falsely, and
does not prompt others to do the same, which is for his long term
welfare and sukha.
â Indeed, bhante.
â What do you think, KÄlÄmas, when a·dosa arises within an individual, does it arise for his welfare or his harm?
â For his welfare, bhante.
â
And this unaversive person, KÄlÄmas, his citta not being overcome, not
overpowered by lobha, does not destroy life, does not take what is not
given, does not go to the wife of another, does not speak falsely, and
does not prompt others to do the same, which is for his long term
welfare and sukha.
â Indeed, bhante.
â What do you think, KÄlÄmas, when a·moha arises within an individual, does it arise for his welfare or his harm?
â For his welfare, bhante.
â
And this undeluded person, KÄlÄmas, his citta not being overcome, not
overpowered by lobha, does not destroy life, does not take what is not
given, does not go to the wife of another, does not speak falsely, and
does not prompt others to do the same, which is for his long term
welfare and sukha.
â Indeed, bhante.
â So what do you think, KÄlÄmas, are these dhammas kusala or akusala?
â Kusala, bhante.
â SÄvajja or anavajja?
â Anavajja, bhante.
â Censured by the wise or commended by the wise?
â Commended by the wise, bhante.
â If undertaken and carried out, they lead to harm and sukha, or not? How is it in this case?
â If undertaken and carried out, they lead to welfare and sukha. Thus it is in this case.
â
This, KÄlÄmas, is what I said: âDo not go, you KÄlÄmas, by what you
have heard said, nor by what has been transmitted [by a tradition], nor
by the general consensus, nor by what has been handed down in a
collection of texts, nor on the basis of logical reasoning, nor on the
basis of inference, nor by reflection on appearances, nor by agreement
after pondering views, nor by what seems probable, nor by [the thought:]
âThe samaáđa is our revered teacherâ. Whenever, KÄlÄmas, you know for
yourselves: âThese dhammas are kusala, these dhammas are anavajja, these
dhammas are commended by the wise, these dhammas, when undertaken and
carried out, lead to welfare and sukhaâ, then, KÄlÄmas, having reached
them, you should dwell in them.â Thus has it been said, it has been said
considering this.
Such an ariya·sÄvaka, KÄlÄmas, thus devoid of
abhijjhÄ, devoid of byÄpÄda, undeluded, sampajÄna, (consistently) sata,
dwells pervading one direction with a citta imbued with mettÄ, likewise
the second, likewise the third, likewise the fourth; so above, below,
transversely, everywhere and in every respect, he dwells pervading the
entire world with a citta imbued with mettÄ, abundant, extensive,
boundless, devoid of hostility, devoid of ill-will.
He dwells
pervading one direction with a citta imbued with karuáđÄ, likewise the
second, likewise the third, likewise the fourth; so above, below,
transversely, everywhere and in every respect, he dwells pervading the
entire world with a citta imbued with karuáđÄ, abundant, extensive,
boundless, devoid of hostility, devoid of ill-will.
He dwells
pervading one direction with a citta imbued with muditÄ, likewise the
second, likewise the third, likewise the fourth; so above, below,
transversely, everywhere and in every respect, he dwells pervading the
entire world with a citta imbued with muditÄ, abundant, extensive,
boundless, devoid of hostility, devoid of ill-will.
He dwells
pervading one direction with a citta imbued with upekkhÄ, likewise the
second, likewise the third, likewise the fourth; so above, below,
transversely, everywhere and in every respect, he dwells pervading the
entire world with a citta imbued with upekkhÄ, abundant, extensive,
boundless, devoid of hostility, devoid of ill-will.
Such an
ariya·sÄvaka, KÄlÄmas, having a mind thus unhostile, having a mind thus
unmalevolent, having a mind thus unsoiled, having a mind thus pure, has
gained four confidences in the visible order of phenomena:
âIf
there is another world, there is a fruit and result of kamma rightly and
wrongly performed, then at the breakup of the body, after death, I will
re-arise in a good destination, a state of happinessâ: this is the
first confidence he has gained.
âAnd if there is no another
world, there is no fruit nor result of kamma rightly and wrongly
performed, then in the visible order of phenomena I look after myself
without hostility, without ill-will, without trouble, happyâ: this is
the second confidence he has gained.
âAnd if pÄpa befalls its
doer, I do not intend any pÄpa. Not having done pÄpa kamma, how would
dukkha touch me?â: this is the third confidence he has gained.
âAnd if pÄpa does not befall its doer, then I see myself pure in both respectsâ: this is the fourth confidence he has gained.
Such
an ariya·sÄvaka, KÄlÄmas, having a mind thus unhostile, having a mind
thus unmalevolent, having a mind thus unsoiled, having a mind thus pure,
has gained these four confidences in the visible order of phenomena.
â
So it is, BhagavÄ, so it is, sugata! Such an ariya·sÄvaka, Bhante,
having a mind thus unhostile, having a mind thus unmalevolent, having a
mind thus unsoiled, having a mind thus pure, has gained four confidences
in the visible order of phenomena:
âIf there is another world,
there is a fruit and result of kamma rightly and wrongly performed, then
at the breakup of the body, after death, I will re-arise in a good
destination, a state of happinessâ: this is the first confidence he has
gained.
âAnd if there is no another world, there is no fruit nor
result of kamma rightly and wrongly performed, then in the visible order
of phenomena I look after myself without hostility, without ill-will,
without trouble, happyâ: this is the second confidence he has gained.
âAnd
if pÄpa befalls its doer, I do not intend any pÄpa. Not having done
pÄpa kamma, how would dukkha touch me?â: this is the third confidence he
has gained.
âAnd if pÄpa does not befall its doer, then I
consider myself pure in both respectsâ: this is the fourth confidence he
has gained.
Such an ariya·sÄvaka, Bhante, having a mind thus
unhostile, having a mind thus unmalevolent, having a mind thus unsoiled,
having a mind thus pure, has gained these four confidences in the
visible order of phenomena.
Excellent, Bhante, excellent, Bhante!
Just as, Bhante, if one were to set upright what was overturned, or to
uncover what was hidden, or to show the way to one who was erring, or to
hold an oil lamp in the darkness, [thinking:] âThose who have eyes will
see visible formsâ; in the same way, the Dhamma has been revealed by
the BhagavÄ in various ways. So we, Bhante, go for refuge to the
BhagavÄ, to the Dhamma and to the saáđ gha of bhikkhus. Let the BhagavÄ,
Bhante, admit us as upÄsakas having gone for refuge from today on, for
life.
1. anussava: [anu+sava] (lit: what is heard/learned along,
what is in conformity with what has been heard/learned) - âoral
traditionâ (B. Bodhi) - âreportsâ (Than. B.) - âwhat has been acquired
by repeated hearingâ (Soma Thera). B. Bodhi writes about it: âgenerally
understood to refer to the Vedic tradition, which, according to the
Brahmins, had originated with the Primal Deity and had been handed down
orally through successive generations.â
The term is clearly used with the meaning of âreportâ at MN 68:
Here,
Anuruddha, a bhikkhu hears: âThe bhikkhu named so-and-so has died; it
has been declared by the BhagavÄ that he was established in (final)
knowledge.â And he has seen that venerable one himself or he has heard
the report: âThat venerable oneâs virtue was thus
At MN 76 are
given as synonyms itihitiha·parampara and piáđaka·sampada (âwhat has been
transmitted dogmaticallyâ, âwhat has been handed down in a collection
of textsâ), both of which refer to traditions (see following notes).
So it seems that the word anussava is rather used in this case in the sense of âlore/traditionâ:
..a
certain teacher is one who goes by a lore/tradition, who takes a
lore/tradition for the truth. He teaches a dhamma in conformity with
what he has heard, through what has been transmitted dogmatically,
through what has been handed down in a collection of texts. In the
context of the KÄlÄma Sutta, given the fact that the listeners have been
hearing mutually contradicting doctrines, it would be quite logical
that the first expression would refer directly to it, so âwhat you have
heard saidâ seems to be a satisfying rendering.
2. paramparÄ:
[para+para] (lit: âfurther-furtherâ, or âanother-anotherâ ie. one after
the other, successive) - âlineage of teachingâ (B. Bodhi) - legends
(Than. B.) - tradition (Soma Th.). B. Bodhi writes about it: ââlineageâ,
signifies tradition in general, an unbroken succession of teachings or
teachers.â However, it may not be that simple.
It is obviously an
idiomatic expression, which is not precisely self-explanatory, which
seems to be quite loose in meaning and to accept a relatively large
panel of contexts. As an example, we find bÄhÄ·paramparÄya in the
PÄrÄjika of the Vinaya Pitaka, and it means âarm in armâ (Pr 282):
sambahulÄ itthiyo aÃąÃąataraáđ bhikkhuáđ sampÄŦáļ·etvÄ bÄhÄparamparÄya Änesuáđ. many women, having tightly surrounded a certain bhikkhu, drove him along arm in arm.
Parampara·bhojana·sikkhÄpada
is one of the PÄtimokkha rules and refers to an âout-of-turn/extra
mealâ, which Than B. sums up as follows: âThe term out-of-turn meal
covers two sorts of situations: A bhikkhu has been invited to a meal
consisting of any of the five staple foods but then either (1) goes
elsewhere and eats another meal consisting of any of the five staple
foods at the same time as the meal to which he was originally invited;
or (2) eats a staple food prior to going to the meal.â
In the
ParivÄra of the Vinaya, the word Äcariya·paramparÄ means obviously
âlineage of teachersâ, but this may belong to relatively late
literature.
At MN 83 âparamparÄ caturÄsÄŦtirÄjasahassÄniâ means
â84000 successive kingsâ (even though this sutta seems to be of
relatively late origin too).
And at MN 95 and 99, regarding the vedic hymns, it is said:
among
the brahman seers of the past, the creators of the hymns, the composers
of the hymns, those ancient hymns, sung, repeated, & collected,
which brahmans at present still sing, still chant, repeating what was
said, repeating what was spoken, ie..
Just as if (..) there would
be a file of blind men attached one to another: the first one does not
see, the middle one does not see, and the last one does not see.
So
the word is clearly used here with a reference to an oral tradition of
blind repetition. This proves that there is indeed some ground for the
above mentioned assertion of B. Bodhi, and the interpretation of
paramparÄ as a teaching that comes through a âlineageâ.
We find
as well (as at MN 76) the compound itihitiha·parampara, which is also
usually associated with anussava and piáđaka·sampada (âwhat has been
transmitted dofmaticallyâ, âwhat has been handed down in a collection of
textsâ), and it seems that the simple parampara we have here is a
shortening of this term.
The reduplication itih·itiha
(âthus-thusâ) seems to refer to dogmatism (âthus indeed it is!â), which
would be consistent with early exegesis: in the CÅŦáļ·aniddesa of the
Khuddaka NikÄya (Nc 106), in an explanation of the expression âsabbaáđ
taáđ itihÄŦtihaâ (everything that is itihÄŦtiha) all the terms of this
passage are cited (itikirÄya paramparÄya etc.), and the following
explanation is added: âna sÄmaáđ sayamabhiÃąÃąÄtaáđ na attapaccakkhaáđ
dhammaáđ yaáđ kathayiáđsÅŦâ (they expounded the teaching without having
experienced it themselves, without having ascertained it personally).
So
according to the early exegesis, and keeping in mind the examples found
at MN 95 and 99, itih·itiha·param·para could mean âwhat has been
transmitted dogmaticallyâ. And since the reduplication param·para seems
to emphasize the idea of transmission, it would make sense in our case
to render it as âwhat has been transmitted [by a tradition]â.
3.
iti·kira: [iti+kira] (lit: âthus surely/one would expectâ) - âhearsayâ
(B. Bodhi) - tradition (Than. B.) - rumor (Soma Th.). B. Bodhi writes
about it: ââHearsayâ (or âreportâ; itikarÄ) may mean popular opinion or
general consensusâ, but we may note the misspelling of the word that
might be a source of confusion. This word does not appear in any other
context, so we are left with a semantical analysis and guesses. âGeneral
consensusâ seems to make sense.
4. piáđakasampadÄna:
[piáđaka+sampadÄna] - âa collection of scripturesâ (B. Bodhi) - scripture
(Than. B.) - âwhat is in a scriptureâ (Soma Th.). B. Bodhi writes about
it: ââa collection of scripturesâ (piáđaka-sampadÄ) signifies any
collection of religious texts regarded as infallible.â The term is quite
self-explanatory. However, given the order of the words in this
compound, the emphasis seems to be rather on the last one. And given the
fact that at that time the knowledge was transmitted orally (so
âscriptureâ doesnât seem quite appropriate), the rendering âwhat has
been handed down in a collection of textsâ seems more satisfying. 5.
takka·hetu: logical reasoning (B. Bodhi) - logical conjecture (Than. B.)
- surmise (Soma Th.). The compound itself does not appear in any other
context, so we are again left with a semantic analysis. Takka means
âthought, reflection, reasoning, logic or butter-milkâ. At DN 1 and MN
76, the words takkÄŦ, and thereby takka, are explained as follows:
..a
certain [individual] is a reasoner, an investigator. He teaches a
dhamma hammered out by reasoning/logical thinking, following lines of
investigation as they occur to him.
So takka seems to be
satisfyingly rendered by âreasoning/logical thinkingâ. Hetu, in
compounds, may mean âon account ofâ, for the sake ofâ, by reason ofâ, in
consequence ofââ etc. So finally takka·hetu could be rendered by âon
the basis of logical reasoningâ.
6. naya·hetu: inferential
reasoning (B. Bodhi) - inference (Than. B.) - axiom (Soma Th.). Once
again, the compound itself does not appear in any other context. Naya
comes from nayati (=neti), which means âto lead, guide, conduct, to
take, carry (away)â, or âto draw (a conclusion), to understand, to take
asâ. The expression ânayaáđ netiâ means âto draw a conclusionâ. Naya·hetu
seems to be satisfyingly rendered by âon the basis of inferenceâ.
7.
ÄkÄra·parivitakka: reflection on reasons, reasoned reflection (B.
Bodhi) - analogies (Than. B.) - specious reasoning (Soma Th.). ÄkÄra has
quite a large panel of meanings: âstate, condition, property, quality,
attribute, sign, appearance, form, way, mode, manner, reason, ground,
accountâ. âAppearanceâ seems to fit the context better than âreasonsâ.
In that case, ÄkÄra·parivitakka would mean âreflection on appearancesâ,
and would refer to theories such as the big bang theory, which is based
on observations of the seeming evolution of the apparent universe.
8.
diáđáđhi·nijjhÄna·kkhanti: acceptance of a view after pondering it (B.
Bodhi) - agreement through pondering views (Than. B.) - bias toward a
notion that has been pondered over [doesnât seem quite appropriate]
(Soma Th.). NijjhÄna·kkhanti is a substantivation of the expression
ânijjhÄnaáđ khamatiâ. The best way to understand it is to see in which
contexts it appears elsewhere:
SN 25.1
The eye.. the mind
is inconstant, changeable, alterable. (âĶ) One who, after pondering with a
modicum of discernment, has accepted that these phenomena are this way
is called a Dhamma-follower..
SN 55.24
The dhammas proclaimed by the TathÄgata are approved by him after examination with a modicum of discernment.
So
it is clear that nijjhÄna·kkhanti refers to an intellectual acceptation
that involves some moderate application of paÃąÃąÄ, but which is not
enough yet to come to a definite conclusion. See the example of the
elephant footprints given at MN 27. Therefore, âagreement after
pondering viewsâ seems to be an appropriate rendering for
diáđáđhi·nijjhÄna·kkhanti.
9. bhabba·rÅŦpatÄ: the seeming competence
of a speaker (B. Bodhi) - probability (Than. B.) - anotherâs seeming
ability (Soma Th.). B. Bodhi and Soma Th. simply follow the AáđáđhakathÄ
(older commentary). The AáđáđhakathÄ, mentions a speaker as being a
bhikkhu, but that doesnât fit the context of the KÄlÄmas (who have been
seeing ascetics of different origin), and there is no mention of any
speaker in this expression. The term appears only once at Ud 70, in a
very obscure verse (âmohasambandhano loko, bhabbarÅŦpova dissatiâ) out of
which it is difficult to draw any clear conclusion, all the more that
the AáđáđhakathÄ seems to take it rather as âbhavarÅŦpovaâ.
Bhabba
means âable, capable, fit for, possibleâ, and is mostly used in the
latter sense. RÅŦpatÄ means âappearance, accordance, conformityâ. Two
renderings seem to fit the context: âwhat seems possibleâ, âwhat seems
probableâ. That might refer for example to choosing the most adequate
rendering for a translation.
Translated from the Pali by Thanissaro Bhikkhu. Access to Insight, 1 July 2010.
âââoOoâââ Published as a gift of Dhamma, to be distributed free of charge. Terms
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Awakened One with
Awareness the crown prince of Shakya Kingdom in the Northern Prabuddha
Bharat introduced his religion as a revolt against the governance system
prevailing in a strongly stratified feudal society characterized by the
dominance rigid class and caste system Centralization of authority
based on tradition and coercive power, dependency, discrimination in the
distribution of resources, and status and dignity sustaining
exploitation in institutionalized forms legitimized by strong religious
belief system were the basic features of that governance system. This
system was generating sufferings of millions of downtrodden people
termed as Sudras or Dassha. Awakened One with Awareness realized the
sufferings of these people along with the common suffering of all human
beings during their impermanent life time. One day Awakened One with
Awareness would become the number one man in that system assuming
supreme power to steer the kingdom, he would become the head of that
governance system based on the prevalent Vedic values and norms, but it
was quite clear to him that it was not possible to ensure the salvation
of the oppressed human being materially and mentally within the existing
system of governance and/or by using the prevalent power structure. The
power he inherited was externally exposed and exercised, bestowed on
him due to his position in the social structure where individual self
was uncounted and ignored. Awakened One with Awareness moved on to a
different way, he took individual as basic point of reference and basic
source of power, and lastly he explored a new way of life and new type
of power with a corresponding system of governance. His contemplative
intellectual ability with higher-level mental makeup helped him clearly
understand the evils of the state governance that left the crown,
palace, and his family in search of alternative system for the salvation
of all entities including human being. He took a declassed form, and
after being enlightened through a hazardous process, he revealed a new
lifestyle within new system of governance.
Awakened One with
Awareness introduced this revolutionary governance system during his
lifetime without encountering any opposition from the vested interest
group. Because of universal and massive conversion of common people into
his system, he did not encounter any resistance to introduce the
system. Later on during the period of Ashoka, Prabuddha Bharatiya
society in general predominantly became under the social governance
system of Awakened One with Awarenessism. Historical record shows that
in the third century four fifth of the total population of Prabuddha
Bharat Awakened One with Awareness who would lead centered life.Due to a
theoretical weakness emanating from the principles of prohibiting
killing of any living being and winning enemies through friendship,
Awakened One with Awareness Due to a theoretical weakness emanating from
the principles of prohibiting killing of any living being and winning
enemies through friendship, Awakened One with Awareness governance
could not develop any mechanism to protect and sustain itself in the
birth place of Awakened One with Awareness.But in Bangladesh, it
survived unto mid twelfth century, and the period from 750 to 1150
during Pala kingdom may be termed as the most glorious period of
Awakened One with Awareness governance throughout the history all over
the world.
This outline displays the publication of books in the DevanÂągari-script edition of the
ChaΞΞha SaagÂąyana (Sixth Council) TipiΞaka. The names of the volumes are displayed in italics with the suffix â-pÂą1â4iâ indicating
the volume is part of the root TipiΞaka, rather than commentarial literature. This outline lists the root volumes only. Please note: These books are in P¹li only, in Devan¹gari script, and are not for sale.
No set of English translations is available. For further information please see: www.tipitaka.org
The
Sutta Piáđaka contains the essence of the Buddhaâs teaching regarding
the Dhamma. It contains more than ten thousand suttas. It is divided in
five collections called NikÄyas (A multitude, assemblage; a collection; a
class, order, group; an association, fraternity, congregation; a house,
dwelling).
DÄŦgha NikÄya [dÄŦgha:
long] The DÄŦgha NikÄya gathers 34 of the longest discourses given by
the Buddha. There are various hints that many of them are late additions
to the original corpus and of questionable authenticity.
Saáđyutta NikÄya [samyutta:
group] The Saáđyutta NikÄya gathers the suttas according to their
subject in 56 sub-groups called saáđyuttas. It contains more than three
thousand discourses of variable length, but generally relatively short.
Aáđ guttara NikÄya [aáđ g:
factor | uttara: additionnal] The Aáđ guttara NikÄya is subdivized in
eleven sub-groups called nipÄtas, each of them gathering discourses
consisting of enumerations of one additional factor versus those of the
precedent nipÄta. It contains thousands of suttas which are generally
short.
Khuddaka NikÄya [khuddha: short,
small] The Khuddhaka NikÄya short texts and is considered as been
composed of two stratas: Dhammapada, UdÄna, Itivuttaka, Sutta NipÄta,
TheragÄthÄ-TherÄŦgÄthÄ and JÄtaka form the ancient strata, while other
books are late additions and their authenticity is more questionable.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final
Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Letâs be part of such programmes and also support Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention. as Dr B.R.Ambedkar thundered âMain Bharat Baudhmay karunga.â (I will make this country Buddhist) All Aboriginal Awakened Societies Thunder â Hum Prapanch Prabuddha Prapanchmay karunge.â (We will make the whole world Prabuddha Prapanch This will happen through Free Online Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention in Awakened Oneâs own words For the Welfare, Happiness and Peace for All Societies
COMMENT In battleground Uttar Pradesh, a churn in SC/STs politics Badri Narayan AUGUST 21, 2021 00:02 IST UPDATED: AUGUST 20, 2021 23:54 IST The marginalised are ready for their share in developmental opportunities, which only the BSP has recognised. All
Awakened Aboriginal Societies are now well educated and are aware that
going to any temple like Varanasi Kedarnath and Tirupati Kasi will not
solve the grievances of the majority of the people in the country (SC /
ST / OBC). The solution lies only in the constitution written by Dr.
Babasaheb Ambedkar. It can only give equal rights to all as per Behenji , the National Leader Iron Lady of India. It is the chitpavan brahmins who are responsible for the following statistics:
figures were obtained in 2018 by a Delhi-based company called ‘Young India’ under the Right to Information Act.
General means Brahmin in general and chitpavan brahmins in particular
When Modi came to power in 2014, the IAS did not change the IPS on a large scale.
Total posts in the Presidential Secretariat-49 39 of them are Brahmins. OBC-6 people. SC-ST-4 people.
Total Positions of the Vice Presidential Secretariat-7 7 of them are Brahmins. OBC-0 SC-ST-0
Cabinet Secretary Total Posts-20 17 of them are Brahmins. OBC-2 people. SC-ST- 1 person
Total posts in the Prime Minister’s Office-35 31 of them are Brahmins. OBC-2 people. SC-ST- 2 people.
Total posts in the Department of Agriculture -274 Of these, 259 were Brahmins. OBC-10 people. SC-ST-5 people.
Total posts in the Ministry of Defense -1379 Of these, 1000 were Brahmins. OBC-31 people. SC-ST- 48 people.
Total posts in the Ministry of Social Welfare and Health-209 Of these, 132 were Brahmins. OBC-60 people. SC-ST- 17 people.
Total Positions in the Ministry of Finance -1008 Of these, 942 were Brahmins. OBC-46 people. SC-ST- 20 people.
Total posts in the Ministry of Planet-409 Of these, 327 were Brahmins. OBC-63 people. SC-ST- 19 people.
Total posts in the Ministry of Industry-74 Of these, 59 are Brahmins. OBC-9 people. SC-ST- 4 people.
Total posts in the Ministry of Chemicals and Petroleum -121 Of these, 91 are Brahmins. OBC-21 people. SC-ST-9 people.
Governor and Lieutenant Governor-Total Positions-27 25 of them are Brahmins. OBC-2 people. SC-ST- 0 people.
Total Posts of Foreign Ambassadors -140 Of these, 140 were Brahmins. OBC-0 people. SC-ST- 0 people.
Central Government University Vice Chancellors Total Posts-116 Of these, 108 are Brahmins. OBC-5 people. SC-ST-3 people.
Total Posts of Secretary General of the Union-26 18 of them are Brahmins. OBC-7 people. SC-ST- 1 person
Total Posts of High Court Judges -330 Of these, 306 were Brahmins. OBC-20 people. SC-ST- 4 people.
Total Posts of Supreme Court Judges-26 23 of them are Brahmins. OBC-2 people. SC-ST- 1 person
Total IAS Officers-3600 In which viewers-2750 OBC-350 people SC-ST-300 people
Will
the chitpavan brahmins in all the parties work to give proportionate
representation to all castes, religions as per the Constitution. Now the
Honourable CJI is active. First he must set the judiciary in order. He
must fill all the posts proportionately distributed among all castes,
religions as per our marvellous modern Constitution to set an example to
be followed by all the pillars namely, the Executive, Parliament,
Judiciary, Media and including the Cheating Election Commission with its
fraud EVMs.
If elections are conducted with Ballot Papers like
majority of democratic countries replacing the fraud EVMs the chitpavan
brahmin based parties will get only 0.1% votes. In battleground Uttar Pradesh, a churn in Dalit politics thehindu.com In battleground Uttar Pradesh, a churn in Dalit politics The marginalised are ready for their share in developmental opportunities, which the BJP has recognised
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Agenda 2030 (aka New World Order) Decrypted - Humans Are Free Search domain humansarefree.comhttps://humansarefree.com/2016/04/agenda-2030-aka-new-world-order-decrypted.html The
United Nations released Agenda 2030, or what it’s calling a “new
universal agenda” for The question is then, are they one in the same?
Originally a plan called Agenda 21 was released by the To collectively
combat these major issues (from a citizen level) as a world-wide entity,
is a step in the…
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individually to a made-up country called Dystopia, the Norway is known
as a welfare state, where citizens feel like they are being taken care
of by their.
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Agenda
2030 (aka New World Order) Decrypted - Humans Are Free
(https://humansarefree.com/2016/04/agenda-2030-aka-new-world-order-decrypted.html) https://humansarefree.com/2016/04/agenda-2030-aka-new-world-order-decrypted.html The
United Nations released Agenda 2030, or what it’s calling a “new
universal agenda” for The question is then, are they one in the same?
Originally a plan called Agenda 21 was released by the To collectively
combat these major issues (from a citizen level) as a world-wide entity,
is a step in the…
Humans Are Free (https://humansarefree.com/2016/04/agenda-2030-aka-new-world-order-decrypted.html) Agenda 2030 (aka New World Order) Decrypted - Humans Are Free The United Nations released Agenda 2030, or what itâs calling a ânew universal agendaâ for humanity.by
Goal 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries
Translation: Even more regional government bureaucracy
Goal 11: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
Translation: Big brother big data surveillance state
Goal 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
Translation: Forced austerity
Goal 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts*
Translation: Cap and Trade, carbon taxes/credits, footprint taxes
Goal 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development
Translation: Environmental restrictions, control all oceans including mineral rights from ocean floors
Goal
15: Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial
ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt
and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
Translation: More environmental restrictions, more controlling resources and mineral rights
Goal
16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable
development, provide access to justice for all and build effective,
accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
Translation:
UN âpeacekeepingâ missions (ex 1, ex 2), the International Court of
(blind) Justice, force people together via fake refugee crises and then
mediate with more âUN peacekeepingâ when tension breaks out to gain more
control over a region, remove 2nd Amendment in USA
Goal 17: Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development
Translation:
Remove national sovereignty worldwide, promote globalism under the
âauthorityâ and bloated, Orwellian bureaucracy of the UN
And donât forget the One World Religion under the One World Pope!
References: Agenda 2030, Agenda 21, Truthstream Media
The United Nations released Agenda 2030, or what itâs calling a ânew universal agendaâ for humanity.
by Ryan Cristian
Many
are calling this the first public declaration of the long feared âNew
World Orderâ or the beginnings of a totalitarian one world government.
Whether
or not one believes in the so-called conspiracy theory of the New World
Order, the phrase ânew universal agendaâ and the phrase âNew World
Orderâ share the same linguistic meaning. The question is then, are they
one in the same?
Originally a plan called Agenda 21 was released by the UN with a primary focus solely on environmental issues.
That
plan has now morphed into Agenda 2030 and is being labeled âAgenda 21
on steroids.â This new agenda now addresses virtually all areas of human
activity and is truly a blueprint for global governance.
At
first glance, this agenda appears to be combating every serious problem
on the global stage. Yet when one delves deeper into the logistics of
the plan, it becomes clear that the act of suggesting what should be
done, and having a solution to a problem, are two very different things.
To
throw up a lofty goal such as, âEnd poverty in all its forms,â is
substantially different from having an actual solution to poverty
itself.
The
agenda does list sub goals within the plan, yet these as well are
objective goals that would have already been achieved if simply agreeing
on them would have solved the problem; such as Goal 1A: âEnsure
significant mobilization of resources from a variety of sources.â
This
is incredibly vague and is something that no one will disagree on,
which is the point. Yet again, actually making this happen is the same
problem as before and places the agenda directly back in square one.
It
is as if to suggest that until now, no one has officially decided to
âend poverty,â and now that a global agenda has been declared, the
poverty-ending âplanâ will be shared with all in need.
This
raises the obvious question: What happens to the countries that decide
not to participate? Will their country be exempt from the universal
poverty-ending plan?
As far as the media is concerned, these topics are not very important.
It
is quite odd that a plan of such relevance, such magnitude, is being
completely disregarded by the mainstream media. The entire planet is
going to be committing to work toward seventeen mutual goals and there
has been a complete media blackout in the United States.
Most
Americans are unaware of this worldwide agenda, and that in itself
should be alarming. A lack of reporting on a specific topic by the
corporate media is the modern tell-tale sign of a topic this is actually
news-worthy.
When there is a media black-out on a story or event, it is most likely a subject worth paying attention to.
To collectively combat these major issues (from a citizen level) as a world-wide entity, is a step in the right direction.
However,
these bullet point goals and their ambiguous means in which to reach
the end result, have endless openings to be abused by the very same
officials in which abuse every opportunity that is presented to them.
This
countryâs history is riddled with political deception and manipulation
of the public, and this worldwide plan has vast opportunity for the
corrupt to follow suit.
Below
is a comprehensive list of Agenda 2030âs goals and how these goals will
be approached from the corrupt level of the United States political
system; which in turn will dictate the development of the new universal
order.
âThe UN document promises that this plan will âtransform our world
for the better by 2030,â and yet very few Americans have even heard of
the 2030 Agenda at this point.
âInstead, most of us seem to be totally obsessed with the latest
celebrity gossip or the latest nasty insults that our puppet politicians
have been throwing around at one another.
âIt absolutely amazes me that more people cannot understand that
Agenda 2030 is a really, really big deal. When will people finally
start waking up?â â Zero Hedge
Agenda 2030 (aka New World Order) Decrypted - Humans Are Free
The
United Nations released Agenda 2030, or what itâs calling a ânew
universal agendaâ for humanity.by Ryan CristianMany are calling this the
first public declaration of the long feared âNew World Orderâ or the
beginnings of a totalitarian one world government.Whether or not one
believes i…
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Download Article ARTICLE VIDEO Learning
how to swim can be scary when you don’t know what you’re doing. Don’t
worry though â there are things you can do to make learning how to swim
less daunting. Once you get the hang of it, swimming will be a breeze.
Part 1 of 4: Getting Comfortable in the Water
1 Let
go of your fear. A lot of people put off learning how to swim because
they’re afraid of drowning. While drownings do occur, most of them could
have been prevented by simple safety measures. Follow these guidelines
whenever you’re swimming, and the odds of drowning will decrease
dramatically:[1] Don’t swim alone. Always go swimming with one other
person who is a strong swimmer, if not several other people. An area
with a lifeguard is usually the best place to swim. Don’t start out
swimming in moving water. If you’re learning to swim in an ocean or
river, you’ll need to be more aware of the motion of the water. If you
must learn to swim this way, try to make sure you’re with someone who
knows what he or she is doing, and be sure to read the step about
getting out of a riptide or a rushing river (below). Stay within a
depth you can handle. When you’re first learning how to swim, don’t
venture into water that’s too deep for you to stand in. That way, if
something goes amiss, you can simply stand up and breathe. Avoid
swimming during inclement weather conditions. Swimming in a light rain
shower should be fine, but if you see or hear a storm approaching, get
out of the water immediately. This rule is to be followed regardless of
how well you can swim. Don’t swim in water that’s too cold. Moving your limbs to paddle can become suddenly difficult if you’re in frigid water. https://www-wikihow-com.cdn.ampproject.org/ii/AW/s/www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/d5/Swim-Step-1-Version-8.jpg/aid42363-v4-728px-Swim-Step-1-Version-8.jpg.webp 2 Get
used to floating. When you’re in the water, hold on to the side of the
pool or a dock, and let your legs float out behind you - they should
lift easily if you let them. But, for some people, they like to sink to
the bottom, while your upper body floats. Don’t worry; just retry the
method again. Practice doing this on your stomach and on your back,
until you’re used to letting half of your body float.[2] Try floating
on your back or your stomach as soon as you’re ready. Stay in a shallow
depth so that you can simply stand up if it’s not working out. It might
feel weird to have water around your ears while your nose and mouth are
in the air, but you’ll get used to it. For extra stability, put out
your arms at a right angle so that your body is in a “T” shape. When
floating for the first time, you can try taking a deep breath and then
floating. If your lungs are full of air, your body will float for sure.
Do this until you’re more experienced.
3 Don’t panic. Always
remember that you have a fallback if you’re in an unmanageable depth or
you simply can’t move your limbs - floating on your back. Don’t flail
around or start breathing quickly if you can’t swim; simply lie back as
flat as you can, and let the water carry you while you regain your
composure. A good tip for floating on your back is to hold your
breath and have lungs full of air. Another good tip is to stick your
stomach out.[3]
4 Practice exhaling underwater. While you’re
still in a shallow depth, take a deep breath and put your face
underwater. Slowly exhale out your nose until you’re out of breath, then
come back up. Bubbles should come out. You can also exhale out of your
mouth, but usually in big bubbles until you finally let out a stream of
bubbles.[4] If you’re uncomfortable exhaling through your nose, you can hold it closed or wear a nose plug and exhale through your mouth.
5 Wear
goggles (optional). Wearing goggles can help you feel more comfortable
opening your eyes underwater, and might allow you to see more clearly.
Find a pair with spongy circles around the eyes and dip them in the
water, so that they’ll stick to your skin. Tighten the strap around the
back of your head so that the goggles fit snugly.[5]
1 Practice
kicking your legs. Whether you’re floating on your back or still
holding on to the side of the pool, you can practice kicking. (To see
how far each kick can propel you, practice it using a kickboard. This
allows you to focus on your kicking technique without worrying about
keeping your head above water.) Try a flutter kick. Point your toes
out like a ballerina, keep your legs mostly straight, and alternate legs
as you make small kicks. You should feel the most flexion in your
ankles. Try a whip kick. Keep your legs held tightly together from
your hips to your knees, and from your knees to your ankles. Bend your
knees so that your shins come up to about a 90-degree angle, then
quickly bring your shins apart and move them in a circular motion,
keeping your thighs together the whole time. (That is, trace half a
circle with each leg, moving your right leg to the right and your left
leg to the left.) Bring your shins back together at the bottom of the
circle, and lift them up again to restart the kick. Try an eggbeater
kick. This kick is commonly used to tread water, and stay in a vertical
position with your head and shoulders above water. Start with your knees
bent and your legs slightly wider than hip-width apart. Then “pedal”
each leg as you would on a bike, only they’ll go in opposite directions:
while one leg pedals “forward,” the other leg should pedal “backward.”
This one takes some practice to get used to, but it’s handy for
“resting” when your feet can’t touch bottom.
2 Learn how to do
a crawl. Crawls are great strokes to learn as a beginner, and they’ll
move you pretty quickly. Here’s how to do them:[6] Try a backstroke
first. Float flat on your back, and do a flutter kick with your legs.
With your arms, do the “crawl” motion, lifting one arm straight into the
air and keeping it straight as it re-enters the water next to your
head. Once it’s underwater, bend it to bring it back to a straight
position next to your side, and repeat. Alternate arms as you swim, and
try to keep your fingers together and your hands as flat as possible. Try
a front stroke (also known as a freestyle or American crawl). Floating
on your stomach, do a flutter kick with your legs and use your arms to
“crawl” forward. Bring one arm out of the water so that it’s “reaching”
forward, then bring it back down and use your cupped hand to “push” the
water behind you. Alternate arms. To breathe, turn your head to one side
under the arm that’s currently crawling, lifting enough for you to take
a breath. Take a breath under the same arm each time, so that you’re
breathing once every two strokes.
3 Tread water. Treading
water can help you catch your breath and keep your head up without
actually swimming. Do the eggbeater kick listed above, and use your
hands to keep your balance by “sculling” - keep your forearms flat on
the surface of the water, and imagine they’re butter knives spreading on
a piece of toast. Move one arm in a clockwise circle, and the other arm
in a counterclockwise circle.[7]
4 Use your arms to come up
from the bottom. If you’re below water and would like to come up, use
your arms to propel yourself. Put them straight up above your head, and
quickly bring them down to your sides. This should push you up a few
feet. Repeat until you break the surface.
Part 2 Quiz What kind of kick will keep you floating when you tread water? A flutter kick A whip kick An eggbeater kick Part 3 of 4: Learning Advanced Techniques
1 Try
some more advanced strokes. Once you’re more comfortable in the water,
you can start learning new strokes that will move you more quickly or
with less energy. Try these: Learn the dolphin stroke. The butterfly stroke . Swim the breaststroke. Do the sidestroke. Try swimming laps.
2 Try
diving. Dives can be a fun way to get into the water and start a
stroke. Start with a basic dive, and move on to more complicated swan
dive, back dive, and rolling dive.[8] Always make sure the water is
deep enough before you dive. At a bare minimum, the water should be 9 or
10 feet (2.7 or 3.0 m) deep; if you’re a tall person, make it at least
11 or 12 feet (3.4 or 3.7 m).
Part 3 Quiz You shouldn’t dive into water that’s less than how many feet deep? Five or six Nine or ten Fourteen or fifteen It depends on the angle of your dive. Part 4 of 4: Being Prepared for Unlikely Situations
1 Know
how to get out of a rip current. If you’re swimming in the ocean, you
might get caught in a rip current. Knowing what to do can save your
life, so try to memorize these steps before you get into the water.[9] Do
not panic. This is, by far, the most important step of all. By flailing
and panicking, you could actually keep yourself under the water. Swim
sideways. Do not try to swim directly to shore or directly out further
into the ocean. Instead, try to swim in a line that’s exactly parallel
to the shoreline. Swim in a stroke that allows you to breathe. Swim
with the strongest stroke you can do that also allows you plenty of room
to breathe. This might be a sidestroke, front crawl, or breaststroke. Keep
swimming until you’re out of the rip current. You might have to swim
quite far before you’re safely out of the rip current, but keep going.
You don’t want to undo the good work you’ve done so far by heading for
shore at the wrong time. If possible call out for help. If you can,
motion to the lifeguard or yell “Help!” as soon as possible. However,
don’t do this if it means sacrificing a breath or if you have to stop
swimming - it’s better to keep yourself moving.
2 Know how to
get out of a river current. If you’re caught in a river that’s flowing
too quickly or pushing you under, follow these steps to get out:[10] Don’t
flail or panic. As with a rip current, panicking and flailing your
limbs can push you deeper into the water. Try to take even breaths and
remain calm. Aim to swim diagonally toward the shoreline. Swimming
toward the shoreline at a 90-degree angle will force you to fight with
the current too much, and might cause you to become exhausted quickly.
Instead, plan to get to the shoreline at a diagonal angle that goes with
the current. Don’t try to swim upstream. You’ll spend too much
energy for not enough results. Only try to swim upstream if there’s
immediate danger downstream, such as sharp rocks or a waterfall. If
you are being rapidly carried downstream by the current, point your feet
in the direction you are being carried. This may prevent you from
striking your head on a rock or other obstruction.
Part 4 Quiz If you’re caught in a rip current, what direction should you swim in? Directly toward the shore. Directly away from the shore. Sideways, parallel to the shore.
Mad murderer of democratic institutions (Modi) who gobbled the Master
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must read the property details of BJP (Bevakoof Jhoothe Psychopaths)
Minsters, Leaders, All the chiefs of hindutva cult following chitpavan
brahmins:
All Awakened Aboriginal Societies are now well educated and are aware
that going to any temple like Varanasi Kedarnath and Tirupati Kasi will
not solve the grievances of the majority of the people in the country
(SC / ST / OBC). The solution lies only in the constitution written by
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar. It can only give equal rights to all as per Behenji , the National Leader Iron Lady of India. It is the chitpavan brahmins who are responsible for the following statistics: figures were obtained in 2018 by a Delhi-based company called ‘Young India’ under the Right to Information Act.
General means Brahmin in general and chitpavan brahmins in particular
When Modi came to power in 2014, the IAS did not change the IPS on a large scale.
Total posts in the Presidential Secretariat-49 39 of them are Brahmins. OBC-6 people. SC-ST-4 people.
Total Positions of the Vice Presidential Secretariat-7 7 of them are Brahmins. OBC-0 SC-ST-0
Cabinet Secretary Total Posts-20 17 of them are Brahmins. OBC-2 people. SC-ST- 1 person
Total posts in the Prime Minister’s Office-35 31 of them are Brahmins. OBC-2 people. SC-ST- 2 people.
Total posts in the Department of Agriculture -274 Of these, 259 were Brahmins. OBC-10 people. SC-ST-5 people.
Total posts in the Ministry of Defense -1379 Of these, 1000 were Brahmins. OBC-31 people. SC-ST- 48 people.
Total posts in the Ministry of Social Welfare and Health-209 Of these, 132 were Brahmins. OBC-60 people. SC-ST- 17 people.
Total Positions in the Ministry of Finance -1008 Of these, 942 were Brahmins. OBC-46 people. SC-ST- 20 people.
Total posts in the Ministry of Planet-409 Of these, 327 were Brahmins. OBC-63 people. SC-ST- 19 people.
Total posts in the Ministry of Industry-74 Of these, 59 are Brahmins. OBC-9 people. SC-ST- 4 people.
Total posts in the Ministry of Chemicals and Petroleum -121 Of these, 91 are Brahmins. OBC-21 people. SC-ST-9 people.
Governor and Lieutenant Governor-Total Positions-27 25 of them are Brahmins. OBC-2 people. SC-ST- 0 people.
Total Posts of Foreign Ambassadors -140 Of these, 140 were Brahmins. OBC-0 people. SC-ST- 0 people.
Central Government University Vice Chancellors Total Posts-116 Of these, 108 are Brahmins. OBC-5 people. SC-ST-3 people.
Total Posts of Secretary General of the Union-26 18 of them are Brahmins. OBC-7 people. SC-ST- 1 person
Total Posts of High Court Judges -330 Of these, 306 were Brahmins. OBC-20 people. SC-ST- 4 people.
Total Posts of Supreme Court Judges-26 23 of them are Brahmins. OBC-2 people. SC-ST- 1 person
Total IAS Officers-3600 In which viewers-2750 OBC-350 people SC-ST-300 people If
elections are conducted with Ballot Papers like majority of democratic
countries replacing the fraud EVMs the chitpavan brahmin based parties
will get only 0.1% votes.
mahÄ-parinibbÄna and Maha Sathipattana in80) Classical Persian-ÚĐŲاØģÛÚĐ ŲØ§ØąØģÛ 81) Classical Polish-JÄzyk klasyczny polski,
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Do
Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots.
Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify
Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final
Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Letâs be part of such programmes and also support Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention. as Dr B.R.Ambedkar thundered âMain Bharat Baudhmay karunga.â (I will make this country Buddhist) All Aboriginal Awakened Societies Thunder â Hum Prapanch Prabuddha Prapanchmay karunge.â (We will make the whole world Prabuddha Prapanch This will happen through Free Online Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention in Awakened Oneâs own words For the Welfare, Happiness and Peace for All Societies
Akshara,
who is the second daughter of actor Kamal, earlier had stated that she
was an atheist. However, recently she expressed closeness to Buddhism.
The actress said that she felt drawn towards the teachings and
principles of Buddha.
youtu.be/hqpUAljkVk0
â7aum ArivuâShruti Hassan, has got an excellent launch pad in Kollywood.
Shruthi Haasan making a debut in Kollywood, has a story par excellence.
The movie which explains about Bodhidharma was neatly portrayed.
General means Brahmin in general and chitpavan brahmins in particular
When
Modi came to power in 2014, the IAS did not change the IPS on a large
scale. It is not right to change like this in Tamil Nadu- Urine
journalist Sinrasu.
Total posts in the Presidential Secretariat-49 39 of them are Brahmins. OBC-6 people. SC-ST-4 people.
Total Positions of the Vice Presidential Secretariat-7 7 of them are Brahmins. OBC-0 SC-ST-0
Cabinet Secretary Total Posts-20 17 of them are Brahmins. OBC-2 people. SC-ST- 1 person
Total posts in the Prime Minister’s Office-35 31 of them are Brahmins. OBC-2 people. SC-ST- 2 people.
Total posts in the Department of Agriculture -274 Of these, 259 were Brahmins. OBC-10 people. SC-ST-5 people.
Total posts in the Ministry of Defense -1379 Of these, 1000 were Brahmins. OBC-31 people. SC-ST- 48 people.
Total posts in the Ministry of Social Welfare and Health-209 Of these, 132 were Brahmins. OBC-60 people. SC-ST- 17 people.
Total Positions in the Ministry of Finance -1008 Of these, 942 were Brahmins. OBC-46 people. SC-ST- 20 people.
Total posts in the Ministry of Planet-409 Of these, 327 were Brahmins. OBC-63 people. SC-ST- 19 people.
Total posts in the Ministry of Industry-74 Of these, 59 are Brahmins. OBC-9 people. SC-ST- 4 people.
Total posts in the Ministry of Chemicals and Petroleum -121 Of these, 91 are Brahmins. OBC-21 people. SC-ST-9 people.
Governor and Lieutenant Governor-Total Positions-27 25 of them are Brahmins. OBC-2 people. SC-ST- 0 people.
Total Posts of Foreign Ambassadors -140 Of these, 140 were Brahmins. OBC-0 people. SC-ST- 0 people.
Central Government University Vice Chancellors Total Posts-116 Of these, 108 are Brahmins. OBC-5 people. SC-ST-3 people.
Total Posts of Secretary General of the Union-26 18 of them are Brahmins. OBC-7 people. SC-ST- 1 person
Total Posts of High Court Judges -330 Of these, 306 were Brahmins. OBC-20 people. SC-ST- 4 people.
Total Posts of Supreme Court Judges-26 23 of them are Brahmins. OBC-2 people. SC-ST- 1 person
Total IAS Officers-3600 In which viewers-2750 OBC-350 people SC-ST-300 people
The above figures were obtained in 2018 by a Delhi-based company called ‘Young India’ under the Right to Information Act.
Amba Mathanum when it is like this? Ask and tell Sinrasutta. Please come and see.
For the past four years, you have been working hard The roar will be justifiable.
Dr Ambedkarâs journalism: From âMooknayakâ to âPrabuddha Bharatâ
As
a journalist, Ambedkar worked towards liberating the India of the
outcastes (Bahishkrit Bharat) and building a new, awakened Prabuddha
Bharat.
After resigning from the Union Cabinet on 27 September
1951, Dr Ambedkar issued a statement explaining his decision. On 10
October 1951, he issued this statement outside Parliament because he was
unwilling to provide an advance copy of it to the speaker. He said that
he was issuing the statement for three reasons. After giving the first
two reasons, he said, âThirdly, we have our newspapers. They have their
age-old bias in favour of some and against others. Their judgments are
seldom based on merits. Whenever they find an empty space, they are
prone to fill the vacuum by supplying grounds for resignation which are
not the real grounds but which put those whom they favour in a better
light and those not in their favour in a bad light. Some such thing I
see has happened even in my case.â He wrote, âIf we throw even a
cursory glance over the newspapers that are published in the Bombay
Presidency, we will find that many among these papers are only concerned
about protecting the interest some [upper] castes. And these canât care
less for the interest of other castes. This is not all. Sometimes, they
go against the interest of other castes.â (Mooknayak, p 34). Since most
of the newspapers harboured casteist prejudices and biases and were
hurting the interests of the âother castesâ (the outcastes), Dr Ambedkar
felt the need for a newspaper that would protect their interests. He
wrote, âThere is no better source than the newspaper to suggest the
remedy to the injustice that is being done to our people at present and
will be done in future, and also to discuss the ways and means for our
progress in the futureâ (ibid). At another place in the same editorial,
he wrote: âIt is clear that in the absence of authority and knowledge
non-Brahmins remained backward and their progress was arrested but at
least poverty was not their lot because it was not difficult for them to
earn their livelihood through agriculture, trade and commerce or state
services. But the effect of social inequality on the people called
Untouchables has been devastating. The vast masses of Untouchables are
undoubtedly sunk deep into the confluence of feebleness (helplessness),
poverty and ignoranceâ (ibid, p 33). It was to apprise the world of
the kinds of atrocities being committed against the Untouchables and the
ways and means of their liberation that Dr Ambedkar had decided to
bring out Mooknayak. What needs to be emphasized is that he did not
allow Mooknayak or any of the four other newspapers he published to
become carriers of casteist prejudices. That was because he believed
that what was hurtful to any particular caste was hurtful to society as
whole. He likened society to people travelling on a boat. Warning the
casteist newspapers he wrote, âIf any one caste remains degraded it will
have an adverse effect on other castes, too. Society is like a boat.
Suppose a sailor, with the intent of causing some harm to the other
sailors or while playing a prank, punches a hole in their compartment,
the result will be that along with the other sailors he will also drown
sooner or later. Similarly, a caste which makes other castes suffer will
also undoubtedly suffer directly or indirectly. Therefore, newspapers
that pursue their own selfish interests should not follow the example of
a fool who deceives others and protects his own interestsâ (ibid p 34).
Declaring that he did not intend to âfollow the example of a fool who
deceives others and protects his own interestsâ Dr Ambedkar made it
clear that his newspaper was not meant for hurting the interests of any
caste or community but for building a society in which anyone does no
harm to others but instead protects their interests.
Besides the
casteist outlook of the newspapers, the commercialization of journalism
and the immoral conduct of journalists were also matters of deep concern
to Ambedkar. He expressed his anguish in these words: âJournalism in
India was once a profession. It has now become a trade. It has no more
moral function than the manufacture of soap. It does not regard itself
as the responsible adviser of the public. To give the news uncoloured by
any motive, to present a certain view of public policy which it
believes to be for the good of the community, to correct and chastise
without fear all those, no matter how high, who have chosen a wrong or a
barren path, is not regarded by journalism in India its first or
foremost duty. To accept a hero and worship him has become its principal
duty. Under it, news gives place to sensation, reasoned opinion to
unreasoning passion, appeal to the minds of responsible people to appeal
to the emotions of the irresponsible âĶ Never has the interest of
country been sacrificed so senselessly for the propagation of
hero-worship. Never has hero-worship become so blind as we see it in
India today. There are, I am glad to say, honourable exceptions. But
they are too few and their voice is never heardâ (B.R. Ambedkar, 1993).
Thus, Dr Ambedkarâs seeks to lay down some standards for Indian newspapers. They are:
Journalism should be fair and unbiased. In the Indian context, it also means being free from casteist biases and prejudices. Journalism should be based on facts rather than on pre-conceived notions. Journalism should be a mission, not a trade or business. Journalism and journalists should have their own moral standards. Fearlessness is an essential characteristic of journalism and journalists. Advocacy in social interest is a prime duty of journalism and journalists. There should be no place for hero worship in journalism. Objectivity, not sensationalism, should be the ideal of newspapers. Instead of whipping up passions, the journalists should strive to evoke the reason of society.
Religions, Races,Castes,Inequalities, Were there Are there And Will continue to be there! Dr B.R.Ambedkar thundered âMain Bharat Baudhmay karunga.â (I will make this country Buddhist)
All Aboriginal Awakened Societies Thunder â Hum Prapanch Prabuddha Prapanchmay karunge.â (We will make the whole world Prabuddha Prapanch This will happen through Free Online Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention in Awakened Oneâs own words For the Welfare, Happiness and Peace for All Societies
Another
milestone in Tamil cinema after Jai Bhim is the Prabuddha Bharat
concept. # Movie # 22_cognition. After the acceptance of Buddhism, Dr.
Babasaheb Bharat Ratna Constitution, a revolutionary 22 pledge by Dr BR
Ambedkar, will be released simultaneously in the three languages
#the_Tamil_English languages.
Religions, Races,Castes,Inequalities, Were there Are there And Will continue to be there! Dr B.R.Ambedkar thundered âMain Bharat Baudhmay karunga.â (I will make this country Buddhist)
All Aboriginal Awakened Societies Thunder Hilariously â Hum Prapanch Prabuddha Prapanchmay karunge.â (We will make the whole world Prabuddha Prapanch
This will happen through Free Online Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention in Awakened Oneâs own words For
the Welfare, Happiness and Peace for All Societies and for them to
Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal through mahÄ+satipaáđáđhÄnaâ Attendance on awareness by Observation of KÄya Section on ÄnÄpÄna,postures,sampajaÃąÃąa, repulsiveness,the Elements,the nine charnel grounds,of VedanÄ and Citta
Then
Religions, Races, Castes and Inequalities Will not be there!
https://www.angelfire.com/ak/ambedkar/BR22vows.html 22 Vows of Dr. Ambedkar Dr.B.R.Ambedkar
prescribed 22 vows to his followers during the historic religious
conversion to Buddhism on 15 October 1956 at Deeksha Bhoomi, Nagpur in
India. The conversion to Buddhism by 800,000 people was historic because
it was the largest religious conversion, the world has ever witnessed.
He prescribed these oaths so that there may be complete severance of
bond with Hinduism. These 22 vows struck a blow at the roots of Hindu
beliefs and practices. These vows could serve as a bulwark to protect
Buddhism from confusion and contradictions. These vows could liberate
converts from superstitions, wasteful and meaningless rituals, which
have led to pauperisation of masses and enrichment of upper castes of
Hindus. The famous 22 vows are: I shall have no faith in Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh nor shall I worship them. I shall have no faith in Rama and Krishna who are believed to be incarnation of God nor shall I worship them. I shall have no faith in âGauriâ, Ganapati and other gods and goddesses of Hindus nor shall I worship them. I do not believe in the incarnation of God.
I do not and shall not believe that Lord Buddha was the incarnation of
Vishnu. I believe this to be sheer madness and false propaganda. I shall not perform âShraddhaâ nor shall I give âpind-danâ. I shall not act in a manner violating the principles and teachings of the Buddha. I shall not allow any ceremonies to be performed by Brahmins. I shall believe in the equality of man. I shall endeavour to establish equality. I shall follow the ânoble eightfold pathâ of the Buddha. I shall follow the âparamitasâ prescribed by the Buddha. I shall have compassion and loving kindness for all living beings and protect them. I shall not steal. I shall not tell lies. I shall not commit carnal sins. I shall not take intoxicants like liquor, drugs etc. I shall endeavour to follow the noble eightfold path and practise compassion and loving kindness in every day life.
I renounce Hinduism which is harmful for humanity and impedes the
advancement and development of humanity because it is based on
inequality, and adopt Buddhism as my religion. I firmly believe the Dhamma of the Buddha is the only true religion. I believe that I am having a re-birth.
I solemnly declare and affirm that I shall hereafter lead my life
according to the principles and teachings of the Buddha and his Dhamma.
https://abworldnews.com/the-silent-film-on-buddhas-life/ The silent film on Buddhaâs life An adaptation of Edwin Arnoldâs The Light of Asia, it released to international acclaim almost a century ago
Music: Hansheinrich Dransmann Himanshu Rai as Gautama and Seeta Devi as Gopa in The Light of Asia
The Light of Asia (Prem Sanyas in Hindi) is a memorable retelling of the life of Gautama Buddha, which continues to be a favourite subject of filmmakers. Firoze Rangoonwalla in A Pictorial History of Indian Cinema reviews it as âa courageous co-production with Germany that took Indian cinema into the world arena, even if only for a short while.â Its release in Germany was celebrated as a major critical achievement in Indian cinema, while in London it ran for 10 months and a special screening was organised for King George V and his family at the Windsor Castle on April 27, 1926.
Made as an Indo-German collaboration between Munich-born director Franz Osten and Indian filmmaker-actor Himanshu Rai, Prem Sanyas blends well the subtle acting sensibilities of European cinema with the rasa-evoking traditions of Indian drama. Rai was the founder of Bombay Talkies, which went on to make over 100 films including critical successes like Siraj (1926), Prapancha Pash (1928), Karma (1933) and Achut Kanya (1936). Movie lore remembers the studio for discovering some of the legends of Indian cinema like Devika Rani, Ashok Kumar, Dilip Kumar, Madhubala and Raj Kapoor. Devika Rani, who was Raiâs wife at the time of the making of Prem Sanyas, incidentally did the filmâs set decoration.
And furthermore, bhikkhus, how does a bhikkhu dwell observing citta in citta?
Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu understands citta with rÄga as âcitta with
rÄgaâ, or he understands citta without rÄga as âcitta without rÄgaâ, or
he understands citta with dosa as âcitta with dosaâ, or he understands
citta without dosa as âcitta without dosaâ, or he understands citta with
moha as âcitta with mohaâ, or he understands citta without moha as
âcitta without mohaâ, or he understands a collected citta as âa
collected cittaâ, or he understands a scattered citta as âa scattered
cittaâ, or he understands an expanded citta as âan expanded cittaâ, or
he understands an unexpanded citta as âan unexpanded cittaâ, or he
understands a surpassable citta as âa surpassable cittaâ, or he
understands an unsurpassable citta as âan unsurpassable cittaâ, or he
understands a concentrated citta as âa concentrated cittaâ, or he
understands an unconcentrated citta as âan unconcentrated cittaâ, or he
understands a liberated citta as âa liberated cittaâ, or he understands
an unliberated citta as âan unliberated cittaâ.
Thus he dwells observing citta in citta internally, or he dwells
observing citta in citta externally, or he dwells observing citta in
citta internally and externally; he dwells observing the samudaya of
phenomena in citta, or he dwells observing the passing away of phenomena
in citta, or he dwells observing the samudaya and passing away of
phenomena in citta; or else, [realizing:] âthis is citta!â sati is
present in him, just to the extent of mere ÃąÄáđa and mere paáđissati, he
dwells detached, and does not cling to anything in the world. Thus,
bhikkhus, a bhikkhu dwells observing citta in citta.
Ostatnie instrukcje w wÅasnych sÅowach Buddy cytaty na Sutcie Piáđaka-Digha NikÄya MahaparinibÄna Sutta
DN 16 - (D II 137)
Sutta MahaparinibÄna
{Expects}
Ostatnie instrukcje Buddy na MahÄ-ParinibbÄna
Ta
Sutta gromadzi rÃģÅžne instrukcje Budda daÅ ze wzglÄdu na zwolennikÃģw po
przejechaniu, co sprawia, Åže ââjest to bardzo waÅžny zestaw instrukcji
dla nas w dzisiejszych czasach.
WyjaÅniam
dyskurs na Dhammie, ktÃģry nazywa siÄ Dhammmy, posiadaÅ, z ktÃģrej
AriyasÄvaka, jeÅli tak pragnie, moÅže zadeklarowaÄ siÄ: “dla mnie, nie ma
wiÄcej Niraya, nie wiÄcej TiracchÄna-Yoni, nie wiÄcej Pettivisaya, Nie
WiÄkszy stan nieszczÄÅcia, nieszczÄÅcia, nieszczÄÅcia, jestem sotÄpanna,
z natury wolny od stanÃģw nÄdzy, pewni bycia przeznaczonym do Sambodhi.
A co, AÄnanda, jest
ten
dyskurs na Dhammie, ktÃģry nazywa siÄ DhammÄdata, posiadany, z ktÃģrych
AriyasÄvaka, jeÅli tak pragnie, moÅže zadeklarowaÄ siÄ: “Dla mnie nie ma
wiÄcej Niraya, nie wiÄcej TiracchÄna-Yoni, nie wiÄcej Pettivisaya, nie
ma wiÄcej stanu NieszczÄÅcie, nieszczÄÅcia, nieszczÄÅcia, I. jestem
sotÄpanna, z natury wolny od stanÃģw nÄdzy, pewni bycia przeznaczonym na
Sambodhi?
Tutaj, AÄnanda, AriyasÄvaka jest wyposaÅžony w Buddhe AveccapasÄda:
On jest obdarzony Dhamme AveccapasÄda:
On jest wyposaÅžony w Saáđ ghe AveccapasÄda:
Jest obdarzony sÄŦla, ktÃģry jest zgodny z Ariyami,
To,
AÄnanda, jest dyskursem na Dhammie, ktÃģry nazywa siÄ DhammÄdÄsa,
posiadaÅ, z ktÃģrych AriyasÄvaka, jeÅli tak pragnie, moÅže zadeklarowaÄ
siÄ: “Dla mnie nie ma wiÄcej Niraya, nie wiÄcej TiracchÄna-Yoni, nie
wiÄcej Pettivisaya , Nie wiÄcej stanu nieszczÄÅcia, nieszczÄÅcia,
nieszczÄÅcia, jestem sotÄpanna, z natury wolny od stanÃģw nÄdzy, pewnych
bycia przeznaczone do Samodhiego.
Sato powinieneÅ pozostaÄ, Bhikkhus i SampajÄnos. To jest nasza instrukcja dla Ciebie.
A jak, Bhikkhus, jest bhikkhu sato? Tutaj, Bhikkhus, bhikkhu
Tak wiÄc Bhikkhus, jest bhikkhu sato. A jak, Bhikkhus, jest bhikkhu sampajÄno? Tutaj, Bhikkhus,
Tak wiÄc Bhikkhus, jest bhikkhu sampajÄno. Sato powinieneÅ pozostaÄ, Bhikkhus i SampajÄnos. To jest nasza instrukcja dla Ciebie.
- Ananda, Twin Sala
Drzewa
sÄ w peÅnym rozkwicie, choÄ nie jest sezon kwitnienia. I kwiaty deszcz
na ciele tathagaty i spadajÄ i rozpraszajÄ i sÄ posypione na to
uwielbienie Tathagata. I niebiaÅskie kwiaty koralowe i niebiaÅski
sandaÅowy proszek z nieba deszcz na ciele tathagaty i upadku i
rozpraszajÄ i sÄ usuniÄte w kulcie Tathagata. A dÅšwiÄk niebiaÅskich
gÅosÃģw i niebiaÅskich instrumentÃģw sprawia, Åže ââmuzyka w powietrzu z
szacunku dla Tathagata.
To
nie jest przez to, AÄnanda, Åže ââtahagata jest szanowana, czci,
ceniona, wypÅacona hoÅd i honorowany. Ale Ananda, kaÅždy bhikkhu lub
bhikkhuni, laik lub leÅžÄ cy, pozostaÅy dhamm’Änudhamma’p'paáđipanna,
samÄŦci’p'paáđipanna,
Åŧycie
zgodnie z DhammÄ , Åže jeden szacunek, czszeni, esteems, pÅaci hoÅd i
wyrÃģÅžnia Tathagata z najbardziej doskonaÅym hoÅdem. Dlatego teÅž AÄnanda,
powinieneÅ trenowaÄ siebie: “Pozostaniemy dhamm’Änudhamma’p'paáđipanna,
samÄŦci’p'paáđipanna, ÅžyjÄ cych zgodnie z DhammÄ ”.
Bhagawan Buddha mÃģwi
“Moi
bracia, istniejÄ te dwa skrajnoÅci, ktÃģre na ÅcieÅžce powinno uniknÄ Ä.
KtÃģre dwa? Jeden ma zanurzyÄ siÄ w zmysÅowe przyjemnoÅci. A drugi ma
praktykowaÄ wyrzeczenie, ktÃģre pozbawiajÄ organizm jego potrzeb. Obie te
skrajnoÅci prowadzÄ do niepowodzenia.
“ÅcieÅžka,
ktÃģrÄ odkryÅem, jest Årodkowy sposÃģb, ktÃģry pozwala uniknÄ Ä obu
skrajnoÅci i ma zdolnoÅÄ prowadzenia jednego do zrozumienia, wyzwolenia i
pokoju. Jest to szlachetna osiemkÅa ÅcieÅžka prawego zrozumienia, prawa
myÅlowa, odpowiednia mowa, odpowiednie dziaÅania, prawa utrzymanie,
odpowiedni wysiÅek, odpowiednia uwaÅžnoÅÄ i prawa koncentracja. PodÄ ÅžyÅem
za tÄ szlachetnÄ oÅmiokrotnÄ drogÄ i zrealizowaÅem zrozumienie,
wyzwolenie i pokÃģj.
Pierwszym
jest istnienie cierpienia. Narodziny, staroÅÄ, choroba i ÅmierÄ
cierpiÄ . Smutek, gniew, zazdroÅÄ, zmartwienie, niepokÃģj, strach i
rozpaczy cierpiÄ . Separacja od bliskich cierpi. Stowarzyszenie z tymi,
ktÃģrych nie lubisz, jest cierpienie. Pragnienie, przywiÄ zanie i
przywiÄ zanie do piÄciu agregatÃģw cierpi.
“Bracia, druga prawda ujawnia przyczynÄ cierpienia. Ze wzglÄdu na
ignorancjÄ, ludzie nie widzÄ prawdy o Åžyciu i zostali zÅapani w
pÅomienie pragnienia, gniewu, zazdroÅci, Åžalu, zmartwienia, strachu i
rozpaczy.
“Bracia, trzecia prawda jest zaprzestaniem cierpienia.
Zrozumienie prawdy Åžycia przynosi zaprzestanie kaÅždego Åžalu i smutku i daje poczÄ tek pokoju i radoÅci.
“Bracia, czwarta prawda jest ÅcieÅžkÄ , ktÃģra prowadzi do zaprzestania
cierpienia. Jest to szlachetna osiemkÅa ÅcieÅžka, ktÃģrÄ wÅaÅnie
wyjaÅniÅem. Szlachetna osiemniejsza ÅcieÅžka jest odÅžywiona przez Åžycie.
UwaÅžnoÅÄ prowadzi do koncentracji i zrozumienia, z wyzwala ciÄ z kaÅždego
bÃģlu i smutku i prowadzi do pokoju i radoÅci. PoprowadzÄ ciÄ wzdÅuÅž tej
ÅcieÅžki realizacji.
“Wizja pojawiÅa siÄ wglÄ d wstaÅ, rozeznawanie powstaÅy, pojawiÅo siÄ
wiedza, oÅwietlenie powstaÅo w mnie w odniesieniu do rzeczy, ktÃģrych
nigdy wczeÅniej nie sÅyszano:” Ta szlachetna prawda stresu zostaÅa
poÅÄ czona.
“Szlachetna
prawda o zaprzestaniu stresu: kompletne zanikanie i zaprzestanie,
wyrzeczenie, rezygnacja, zwolnienie i puszczenie tego bardzo pragnienia.
Ta szlachetna prawda o zaprzestaniu stresu zostaÅa zrealizowana. Jest
to szlachetna prawda sposobu praktyki prowadzÄ cej do zaprzestania
stresu.
“Gdy
tylko moja wiedza i wizja dotyczÄ ca tych czterech szlachetnych prawd,
poniewaÅž przyszli byÄ - byÅ naprawdÄ czysty, a potem twierdzÄ, Åže
bezpoÅrednio obudziÅ siÄ do wÅaÅciwego przebudzenia niewydolnego w
kosmosie ze wszystkimi niewidzialnymi przewodnikami, kontemplaciami,
Brahmany, jego Agentfolk. Wiedza i wizja powstaÅy we mnie: “niezachwiany
jest moim wydaniem. To moje ostatnie narodziny. Nie ma teraz odnowionej
istnienia. “
Podczas
gdy Siddhartha wyjaÅniaÅa cztery szlachetne prawdy, jednego z mnichÃģw,
Kondanna nagle poczuÅa wielkÄ ÅwiecÄ ce w swoim umyÅle. MÃģgÅ skosztowaÄ
wyzwolenia, ktÃģrego szukaÅ tak dÅugo. Jego twarz belka z radoÅciÄ . Budda
wskazaÅ na niego i pÅakaÅ: “KonnÄ! Masz to! Masz to!”
Konna
doÅÄ czyÅa do palmÃģw i skÅoniÅa siÄ przed Siddhartha. Z najgÅÄbszym
szacunkiem, mÃģwiÅ: “Czcigodna Gautama, proszÄ przyjÄ Ä mnie jako swojego
ucznia. Wiem, Åže pod twoimi wskazÃģwkami, osiÄ gniÄ wielkie przebudzenie.
PozostaÅe
cztery mnichÃģw skÅoniÅy siÄ rÃģwnieÅž na stopach Siddhartha, doÅÄ czyli do
swoich dÅoni i poprosiÅ o otrzymanie jako uczniÃģw. Siddhartha
powiedziaÅa: “Bracia! Dzieci wioski daÅy mi nazwÄ “Budda”. Ty teÅž moÅžesz
nazywaÄ mnie tym imiÄ, jeÅli chcesz. “
ZapytaÅa Kondanna: “Nie” Buddha “oznacza” ten, kto budzi “?”
“To jest poprawne i nazywajÄ ÅcieÅžkÄ , ktÃģrÄ odkryÅem” drogÄ przebudzenia “. Co myÅlisz o tej nazwie?
“”
Kto jest przebudzony “! “SposÃģb przebudzenia”! WspaniaÅy! WspaniaÅy!
Nazwy te sÄ prawdziwe, ale proste. Z przyjemnoÅciÄ zadzwonisz do ciebie
Buddha, a ÅcieÅžka odkryÅaÅcie drogÄ przebudzenia. Jak powiedziaÅeÅ, ÅžyÄ
kaÅždego dnia uwaÅžnie jest podstawÄ duchowej praktyki “. PiÄciu mnisi
miaÅ jednego umysÅu, aby zaakceptowaÄ Gautama jako swojego nauczyciela i
zadzwoniÄ do niego Budda.
Budda
uÅmiechnÄ Å siÄ do nich. ProszÄ, bracia, praktyka z otwartym i
inteligentnym duchem, aw ciÄ gu trzech miesiÄcy osiÄ gniesz owoc
wyzwolenia. “
Bhagwan Buddha & His Dhamma By Dr.B.R Ambedkar
to see things as they really are
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@Dear friends welcome to our channel to see things as they really are
Darmowe
online Konwencja Prabuddha Intelektualna w obudzionych wÅasnych sÅÃģw
dla dobrobytu, szczÄÅcia i pokoju dla wszystkich spoÅeczeÅstw, a dla
nich do osiÄ gniÄcia Eternal Bliss jako ostateczny cel przez MahÄ +
SatipaáđáđhÄna - obecnoÅÄ na ÅwiadomoÅÄ przez obserwacjÄ sekcji Kya na
AÄpÄna, Postures, SampajaÃąÃąa, odpychalnoÅÄ, elementy, dziewiÄÄ terenÃģw
Charnel, Vedana i Citta
NastÄpnie
Religie, rasy, kasty i nierÃģwnoÅci
Nie bÄdzie tam!
Tipitaka.
DN 22 - (D II 290)
MahÄsatipaáđáđhÄna sutta.
ObecnoÅÄ na ÅwiadomoÅÄ przez Budda
MahÄ + SatipaáđáđhÄna.
Ta Sutta jest powszechnie uwaÅžana za gÅÃģwny odniesienie do praktyki medytacyjnej.
WstÄp
I. Obserwacja Kya
A. Sekcja na AÄnpÄna
B. Sekcja na postawach
C. Sekcja na SamajaÃąÃąa
D. Sekcja na odpychalnoÅci
E. Sekcja na elementach
F. Sekcja na dziewiÄciu terenÃģw Charnel
II. Obserwacja VedanÄ.
WstÄp
Tak wiÄc usÅyszaÅem:
Przy pewnej okazji BhagavÄ przebywaÅa wÅrÃģd Kurusa w KammÄsadhammie, targowy miasteczko Kurusa. Tam poruszyÅ bhikkhus:
- Bhikkhus.
- Bhaddante odpowiedziaÅ na bhikkhus. BhagavÄ powiedziaÅ:
- Ten,
bhikkhus, jest ÅcieÅžkÄ , ktÃģra prowadzi do niczego oprÃģcz oczyszczania
Istoty,
pokonanie smutku i lamenacji, znikniÄcie Dukkaja-Domanassy,
ââosiÄ gniÄcie wÅaÅciwego sposobu, realizacja NibbÄny, ktÃģra ma
powiedzieÄ cztery satypaáđáđhanas.
KtÃģre cztery?
Tutaj, Bhikkhus, bhikkhu mieszki obserwujÄ c Kya w KÄya, AtÄpÄŦ
SampajÄno, satima, porzuciÅa abhijjhÄ-domanassa w kierunku Åwiata.
MieszkajÄ
obserwujÄ c Vedana w Vedana, AtÄpÄŦ SampajÄno, Satima, porzuciÅ
abhijjhÄ-domanassa w kierunku Åwiata. MieszkajÄ obserwujÄ c Citta w
Citta, AtÄpÄŦ SampajÄno, Satima, porzuciÅ AbhijjhÄ-Domanassa w kierunku
Åwiata. MieszkaÅ obserwujÄ c Dhamma · S w Dhammie · S, AtÄpÄŦ SampajÄno,
Satima, porzuciÅ AbhijjhÄ-Domanassa w kierunku Åwiata.
I. KÄyÄnupassanÄ.
A. Sekcja na AÄnpÄna
I
Jak,
Bhikkhus, robi bhikkhu mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w KÄya? Tutaj, Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu, poszedÅ do lasu lub poszedÅ na korzeÅ drzewa lub poszedÅ do
pustego pokoju, siedzi w dÃģÅ skÅadania nÃģg w poprzek, ustawienie w
pozycji pionowej Kya i ustawienie Sati Parimukhaáđ. Tak wiÄc Sato, w
ktÃģrym oddycha, a wiÄc Sato oddycha. Oddychanie dÅugo rozumie: “Oddycham
dÅugo”; OddychajÄ c dÅugo, rozumie: “Oddycham dÅugiego”; Oddychanie w
skrÃģcie rozumie: “Oddycham krÃģtko”; Oddychanie KrÃģtko mÃģwiÄ c, rozumie:
“Oddycham krÃģtki”; Trenuje sam: “Uczucie Kya, oddycham”; Trenuje sam:
“CzujÄ c caÅoÅÄ Kya, oddycham”; Trenuje sam: “uspokojenie Kya-Saáđ kier,
oddycham”; Trenuje sam: “uspokojenie Kya-Saáđ khÄras, oddycham”.
WÅaÅnie
AS,
Bhikkhus, umiejÄtny Turner lub ucznia Turnera, robiÄ c dÅugi obrÃģt,
rozumie: “Mam dÅugÄ turÄ”; KrÃģtki obrÃģt, rozumie: “RobiÄ krÃģtkÄ turÄ”; W
ten sam sposÃģb, Bhikkhus, bhikkhu, oddychajÄ cy dÅugie, rozumie:
“Oddycham dÅugo”; oddychajÄ c dÅugo, rozumie: “Oddycham dÅugiego”;
Oddychanie w skrÃģcie rozumie: “Oddycham krÃģtko”; Oddychanie KrÃģtko
mÃģwiÄ c, rozumie: “Oddycham krÃģtki”; Trenuje sam: “CzujÄ c caÅoÅÄ Kya,
oddycham”; Trenuje sam: “CzujÄ c caÅoÅÄ Kya, oddycham”; Trenuje sam:
“uspokojenie Kya-Saáđ kier, oddycham”; Trenuje sam: “uspokojenie
Kya-Saáđ khÄras, oddycham”.
W ten sposÃģb mieszkajÄ obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya wewnÄtrznie,
Albo
zamieszkuje obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya zewnÄtrznie, albo mieszka obserwujÄ c
Kya w Kya wewnÄtrznie i zewnÄtrznie; mieszka obserwujÄ c samudyna z
zjawiska w Kya, albo mieszka obserwujÄ c przechodzÄ cÄ zjawiska w Kya,
albo mieszka obserwujÄ c SamudayÄ i przechodzÄ c z zjawisk w Kya; albo
[realizacja:] “To jest Kya!” Sati jest w nim obecny, tylko do zakresu
zwykÅej Ãąana i zwykÅych Paáđissati, mieszka wolnostojÄ i nie przywierajÄ
do niczego na Åwiecie. W ten sposÃģb Bhikkhus, bhikkhu mieszka obserwujÄ c
Kya w KÄya.
B. IriyÄpatha Pabba.
Ponadto,
Bhikkhus, bhikkhu, podczas chodzenia, rozumie: “IdÄ”, lub
StojÄ c, rozumie: “StojÄ”, lub siedzÄ c
Rozumie:
“SiedzÄ”, albo podczas leÅženia, rozumie: “LeŞĔ. Bo inaczej, w ktÃģrym
poÅoÅženie jego Kya jest rozproszona, odpowiednio to rozumie.
C. Sekcja na SamajaÃąÃąa
Ponadto,
Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu, podczas zbliÅžania siÄ i podczas odlatowania, dziaÅa z
SamajaÃąa, patrzÄ c w przyszÅoÅÄ i jednoczeÅnie rozglÄ dajÄ c siÄ, dziaÅa z
SamajaÃąÃąa, po zginaniu i podczas rozciÄ gania, dziaÅa z SampajaÃąÃąa,
podczas noszenia szatÃģw i gÃģrnej szaty i podczas noszenia misa, dziaÅa z
SamajaÃąa, jedzÄ c, podczas picia, podczas Åžucia, degustacja, dziaÅa z
SamajaÃąÃąa, podczas gdy uczestniczÄ c w biznesie ulepszajÄ cego i oddawania
moczu, dziaÅa z SampajaÃąÃąa, podczas chodzenia, stojÄ c, podczas gdy
siedzÄ c Spanie, podczas gdy bÄdÄ c obudzony, rozmawiajÄ c i milczaÅ,
dziaÅa z SampajaÃąÃąa.
W ten sposÃģb mieszkajÄ obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya wewnÄtrznie lub on
Mieszkania
obserwujÄ ce Kya na Kya zewnÄtrznie, albo zamieszkuje obserwujÄ c Kya w
Kya wewnÄtrznie i zewnÄtrznie; mieszka obserwujÄ c samudyna z zjawiska w
Kya, albo mieszka obserwujÄ c przechodzÄ cÄ zjawiska w Kya, albo mieszka
obserwujÄ c SamudayÄ i przechodzÄ c z zjawisk w Kya; albo [realizacja:]
“To jest Kya!” Sati jest w nim obecny, tylko do zakresu zwykÅej Ãąana i
zwykÅych Paáđissati, mieszka wolnostojÄ i nie przywierajÄ do niczego na
Åwiecie. W ten sposÃģb Bhikkhus, bhikkhu mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w KÄya.
D. Sekcja na odpychalnoÅci
Ponadto,
Bhikkhus, bhikkhu uwaÅža to za bardzo ciaÅo, od podeszwych
stopy
w gÃģrÄ i z wÅosÃģw na gÅowie w dÃģÅ, ktÃģra jest ograniczona przez jego
skÃģrÄ i peÅna rÃģÅžnego rodzaju zanieczyszczeÅ: “W tym Kya sÄ wÅosy gÅowy,
wÅosy ciaÅa, paznokcie, zÄby, skÃģrÄ, ciaÅo ,
Podobnie
jak w Bhikkhus, byÅa torba o dwÃģch otworach i wypeÅniona rÃģÅžnymi
rodzajami ziarna, takich jak wzgÃģrza, nieÅuskane, ziarna mung, krowy,
sezamowe nasiona i Åuskany ryÅž. CzÅowiek z dobrym wzrokiem, po raz
nieznacznie rozwaÅžaÅbyÅ [jego zawartoÅÄ]: “To jest wzgÃģrza-Paddy, to nie
pasowaÅo, to fasola Mung, sÄ to krowie-groszek, sÄ to nasiona sezamowe i
jest to Åuskany ryÅž;” W ten sam sposÃģb, Bhikkhus, bhikkhu uwaÅža to za
bardzo ciaÅo, od podeszwy stÃģp w gÃģrÄ i z wÅosÃģw na gÅowie w dÃģÅ,
ktÃģry jest ograniczony przez jego skÃģrÄ i peÅne rÃģÅžnego rodzaju zanieczyszczeÅ:
“W tym Kya sÄ wÅosy gÅowy, wÅosÃģw ciaÅa,
paznokcie,
zÄby, skÃģrÄ, ciaÅo, ÅciÄgna, koÅci, szpik kostny, nerki, serce,
wÄ troba, pleura, Åledziona, pÅuca, jelita, miernia, ÅžoÅÄ dek z jego
zawartoÅciÄ , kaÅ, ÅžÃģÅci, flegma, ropa, krew, pot, tÅuszcz, Åzy, tÅuszcz,
Ålina, Åluz nosowy, pÅyn maziowy i mocz. “
W ten sposÃģb mieszkajÄ obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya wewnÄtrznie lub on
Mieszkania
obserwujÄ ce Kya na Kya zewnÄtrznie, albo zamieszkuje obserwujÄ c Kya w
Kya wewnÄtrznie i zewnÄtrznie; mieszka obserwujÄ c samudyna z zjawiska w
Kya, albo mieszka obserwujÄ c przechodzÄ cÄ zjawiska w Kya, albo mieszka
obserwujÄ c SamudayÄ i przechodzÄ c z zjawisk w Kya; albo [realizacja:]
“To jest Kya!” Sati jest on prezentowany, tylko w zakresie zwykÅej Ãąana i
zwykÅego Paáđissati, mieszka wolnostojÄ i nie przywierajÄ do niczego na
Åwiecie. W ten sposÃģb Bhikkhus, bhikkhu mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w KÄya.
E. Sekcja na elementach
Ponadto,
Bhikkhus, bhikkhu odzwierciedla to bardzo Kya, jednak jest umieszczona,
Jednak jest on usuwany: “W tym Kya znajduje siÄ element ziemi,
Element wody, element ognia i element powietrza. “
Tak
jak Bhikkhus, umiejÄtnoÅÄ rzeÅšnika lub praktykantÃģw rzeÅšnika, Åže
ââzabiÅa krowy, usiÄ dzie na rozdroÅžu na kawaÅki; W ten sam sposÃģb,
Bhikkhus, bhikkhu odzwierciedla onthis bardzo Kya, jednak jest
umieszczony, jednak jest on usuwany: “W ThiskÄya znajduje siÄ element
ziemi, element wody, element ognia i element powietrza”.
W ten sposÃģb zamieszkuje obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya wewnÄtrznie, albo zamieszkuje obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya zewnÄtrznie, albo mieszka
obserwowanie
Kya w Kya wewnÄtrznie i zewnÄtrznie; mieszka obserwujÄ c samudyna z
zjawiska w Kya, albo mieszka obserwujÄ c przechodzÄ cÄ zjawiska w Kya,
albo mieszka obserwujÄ c SamudayÄ i przechodzÄ c z zjawisk w Kya; albo
[realizacja:] “To jest Kya!” Sati jest w nim obecny, tylko w zakresie
zwykÅej Ãąana i zwykÅego Paáđissati, mieszka wolnostojÄ i nie przywierajÄ
do niczego na Åwiecie. Mieszcza siÄ, Åže obserwuje Kya w Kya;
(1)
Ponadto,
Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu, podobnie jak widziaÅ martwych ciaÅo, odrzuconych w ziemi
Charnel, pewnego dnia martwy, lub dwa dni martwe lub trzy dni martwe,
spuchniÄte, niebieskawe i festerskie, uwaÅža to za bardzo Kya: “To Kya
RÃģwnieÅž jest taka natura, staÅa siÄ taka i nie jest wolna od takiego
stanu. “
W ten sposÃģb
mieszkajÄ obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya wewnÄtrznie, albo zamieszkuje obserwujÄ c
Kya w Kya zewnÄtrznie, a on mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya wewnÄtrznie i
zewnÄtrznie; mieszka obserwujÄ c samudyna z zjawiska w Kya, albo mieszka
obserwujÄ c przechodzÄ cÄ zjawiska w Kya, albo mieszka obserwujÄ c SamudayÄ
i przechodzÄ c z zjawisk w Kya; albo [realizacja:] “To jest Kya!” Sati
jest w nim obecny, tylko do zakresu zwykÅej Ãąana i zwykÅych Paáđissati,
mieszka wolnostojÄ i nie przywierajÄ do niczego na Åwiecie. W ten sposÃģb
Bhikkhus, bhikkhu mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w KÄya.
(2)
Ponadto,
Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu, podobnie jak widziany martwy ciaÅo, odrzucony w ziemi Charnel,
bÄdÄ c jastrzÄ bem, bÄdÄ c jastrzÄ bem, bÄdÄ c jastrzÄ bem przez sÄpy, bÄdÄ c
jastrzÄ bem przez czaple, bÄdÄ c jastrzÄ bem Tygrysy, spoÅžywane przez
Panthersa, bÄdÄ c jedzÄ rÃģÅžnymi rodzajami istot, uwaÅža to za bardzo Kya:
“Ta Kya jest rÃģwnieÅž taka natura, staÅa siÄ taka, i nie jest wolna od
takiego stanu”.
W ten
sposÃģb mieszkajÄ obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya wewnÄtrznie, albo zamieszkuje
obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya zewnÄtrznie, a on mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya
wewnÄtrznie i zewnÄtrznie; mieszka obserwujÄ c samudyna z zjawisk w Kya,
albo mieszka obserwujÄ c przechodzÄ cÄ zjawiska w Kya, albo mieszka
obserwujÄ c SamudayÄ i
mijajÄ c
zjawiska w Kya; albo [realizacja:] “To jest Kya!” Sati jest w nim
obecny, tylko do zakresu zwykÅej Ãąana i zwykÅych Paáđissati, mieszka
wolnostojÄ i nie przywierajÄ do niczego na Åwiecie. W ten sposÃģb
Bhikkhus, bhikkhu mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w KÄya.
(3)
Ponadto,
Bhikkhus, bhikkhu, podobnie jak gdy widziaÅ martwych ciaÅo, odrzuconych
w terenie Charnel, Przytulnie z ciaÅem i krwiÄ , odbywajÄ cymi siÄ przez
ÅciÄgna, uwaÅža to za bardzo Kya: “Ta Kya jest rÃģwnieÅž taka Natura, staÅa
siÄ taka i nie jest wolna od takiego stanu. “
W ten sposÃģb mieszkajÄ obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya wewnÄtrznie lub on
Mieszkania
obserwujÄ ce Kya na Kya zewnÄtrznie, albo zamieszkuje obserwujÄ c Kya w
Kya wewnÄtrznie i zewnÄtrznie; mieszka obserwujÄ c samudyna z zjawiska w
Kya, albo mieszka obserwujÄ c przechodzÄ cÄ zjawiska w Kya, albo mieszka
obserwujÄ c SamudayÄ i przechodzÄ c z zjawisk w Kya; albo [realizacja:]
“To jest Kya!” Sati jest w nim obecny, tylko do zakresu zwykÅej Ãąana i
zwykÅych Paáđissati, mieszka wolnostojÄ i nie przywierajÄ do niczego na
Åwiecie. W ten sposÃģb Bhikkhus, bhikkhu mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w KÄya.
(4)
Ponadto,
Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu, podobnie jak gdy widziaÅ martwych ciaÅo, odrzuconych w terenie
Charnel, Åciska bez ciaÅa i rozmazana krwiÄ , trzymajÄ cÄ siÄ przez
ÅciÄgnach, uwaÅža to za bardzo Kya: “To Kya jest rÃģwnieÅž takiego Natura,
staÅa siÄ taka i nie jest wolna od takiego stanu. “
W
ten sposÃģb mieszkajÄ obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya wewnÄtrznie, albo zamieszkuje
obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya zewnÄtrznie, a on mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya
wewnÄtrznie i zewnÄtrznie; mieszka obserwujÄ c samudyna z zjawiska w Kya,
albo mieszka obserwujÄ c przechodzÄ cÄ zjawiska w Kya, albo mieszka
obserwujÄ c SamudayÄ i przechodzÄ c z zjawisk w Kya; albo [realizacja:]
“To jest Kya!” Sati jest w nim obecny, tylko do zakresu zwykÅej Ãąana i
zwykÅych Paáđissati, mieszka wolnostojÄ i nie przywierajÄ do niczego na
Åwiecie. W ten sposÃģb Bhikkhus, bhikkhu mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w KÄya.
(5)
Ponadto,
bhikkhus, bhikkhu, podobnie jak gdyby widziaÅ martwych ciele,
odrzuconych w terenie Charnel, szkielet bez ciaÅo ani krwi, odbywajÄ cych
siÄ przez ÅciÄgna, uwaÅža to za bardzo Kya: “Ta Kya jest rÃģwnieÅž taka
Natura, staÅa siÄ taka i nie jest wolna od takiego stanu. “
W ten sposÃģb mieszkajÄ obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya wewnÄtrznie lub on
Mieszkania
obserwujÄ ce Kya na Kya zewnÄtrznie, albo zamieszkuje obserwujÄ c Kya w
Kya wewnÄtrznie i zewnÄtrznie; mieszka obserwujÄ c samudyna z zjawiska w
Kya, albo mieszka obserwujÄ c przechodzÄ cÄ zjawiska w Kya, albo mieszka
obserwujÄ c SamudayÄ i przechodzÄ c z zjawisk w Kya; albo [realizacja:]
“To jest Kya!” Sati jest w nim obecny, tylko do zakresu zwykÅej Ãąana i
zwykÅych Paáđissati, mieszka wolnostojÄ i nie przywierajÄ do niczego na
Åwiecie. W ten sposÃģb Bhikkhus, bhikkhu mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w KÄya.
(6)
Ponadto,
Bhikkhus, bhikkhu, podobnie jak gdyby widziaÅ martwych ciaÅo,
odrzuconych w terenie Charnel, odÅÄ czone koÅci rozrzucone tutaj i tam,
tutaj koÅÄ dÅoni, jest koÅÄ stÃģp, tutaj koÅÄ kostki, koÅÄ shin , tutaj
koÅÄ udowa, jest koÅÄ biodra, tu Åžebro, tam koÅÄ tylna, tutaj koÅÄ
krÄgosÅupa, koÅÄ szyi, tutaj koÅÄ szczÄki, koÅÄ zÄba, czy tam czaszka,
uwaÅža, Åže ââto bardzo kya : “Ta Kya jest rÃģwnieÅž taka natura, staÅa siÄ
taka, i nie jest wolna od takiego stanu”.
W
ten sposÃģb mieszkajÄ obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya wewnÄtrznie, albo zamieszkuje
obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya zewnÄtrznie, a on mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya
wewnÄtrznie i zewnÄtrznie; mieszka obserwujÄ c samudyna z zjawiska w Kya,
albo mieszka obserwujÄ c przechodzÄ cÄ zjawiska w Kya, albo mieszka
obserwujÄ c SamudayÄ i przechodzÄ c z zjawisk w Kya; albo [realizacja:]
“To jest Kya!” Sati jest w nim obecny, tylko do zakresu zwykÅej Ãąana i
zwykÅych Paáđissati, mieszka wolnostojÄ i nie przywierajÄ do niczego na
Åwiecie. W ten sposÃģb Bhikkhus, bhikkhu mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w KÄya.
(7)
Ponadto Bhikkhus, bhikkhu, tak jakby byÅ
widzÄ c
martwe ciaÅo, odrzucane w ziemi Charnel, koÅci wybieliÅy siÄ jak
muszla, uwaÅža to za bardzo Kya: “Ta Kya jest rÃģwnieÅž taka natura, staÅa
siÄ taka, i nie jest wolna od takiej stan: schorzenie.”
(.
Ponadto Bhikkhus, bhikkhu, tak jakby byÅ
WidzÄ c
martwe ciaÅo, odrzucane w ziemi Charnel, roztnij koÅci ponad rok, uwaÅža
to za bardzo Kya: “Ta Kya jest rÃģwnieÅž taka natura, staÅa siÄ taka, i
nie jest wolna od takich stan.”
W
ten sposÃģb mieszkajÄ obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya wewnÄtrznie, albo zamieszkuje
obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya zewnÄtrznie, a on mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya
wewnÄtrznie i zewnÄtrznie; mieszka obserwujÄ c samudyna z zjawiska w Kya,
albo mieszka obserwujÄ c przechodzÄ cÄ zjawiska w Kya, albo mieszka
obserwujÄ c SamudayÄ i przechodzÄ c z zjawisk w Kya; albo [realizacja:]
“To jest Kya!” Sati jest w nim obecny, tylko do zakresu zwykÅej Ãąana i
zwykÅych Paáđissati, mieszka wolnostojÄ i nie przywierajÄ do niczego na
Åwiecie. W ten sposÃģb Bhikkhus, bhikkhu mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w KÄya.
(9)
Ponadto Bhikkhus, bhikkhu, tak jakby byÅ
widzÄ c
martwe ciaÅo, odrzucane w ziemi Charnel, zgniÅe koÅci zredukowane do
proszku, uwaÅža to za bardzo Kya: “Ta Kya jest rÃģwnieÅž taka natura, staÅa
siÄ taka, i nie jest wolna od takiego stanu . “
W
ten sposÃģb mieszkajÄ obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya wewnÄtrznie, albo zamieszkuje
obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya zewnÄtrznie, a on mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w Kya
wewnÄtrznie i zewnÄtrznie; mieszka obserwujÄ c samudyna z zjawiska w Kya,
albo mieszka obserwujÄ c przechodzÄ cÄ zjawiska w Kya, albo mieszka
obserwujÄ c SamudayÄ i przechodzÄ c z zjawisk w Kya; albo [realizacja:]
“To jest Kya!” Sati jest w nim obecny, tylko do zakresu zwykÅej Ãąana i
zwykÅych Paáđissati, mieszka wolnostojÄ i nie przywierajÄ do niczego na
Åwiecie. W ten sposÃģb Bhikkhus, bhikkhu mieszka obserwujÄ c Kya w KÄya.
II. Obserwacja VedanÄ.
A ponadto Bhikkhus, jak mieszka bhikkhu obserwujÄ c Vedana w Vedana?
W ten sposÃģb mieszkajÄ obserwujÄ c Vedana w Vedana wewnÄtrznie,
albo zamieszkuje obserwujÄ c Vedana w Vedana zewnÄtrznie, albo mieszka
obserwowanie Vedana w Vedana wewnÄtrznie i zewnÄtrznie; on mieszka
Obserwowanie
samudyjskiej zjawiska w Vedana, albo mieszka obserwujÄ c przechodzÄ cÄ
zjawiska w Vedana, albo mieszka obserwujÄ c SamudayÄ i przechodzÄ c z
zjawisk w VedanÄ; albo [realizacja:] “To jest Vedana!” Sati jest w nim
obecny, tylko do zakresu zwykÅej Ãąana i zwykÅych Paáđissati, mieszka
wolnostojÄ i nie przywierajÄ do niczego na Åwiecie. Tak wiÄc Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu mieszki obserwujÄ c Vedana w Vedana.
III. Obserwacja Citta.
A ponadto Bhikkhus, w jaki sposÃģb bhikkhu mieszka obserwujÄ c Citta w Citta?
Tutaj, Bhikkhus, bhikkhu rozumie Citta z RÄga jako “Citta z RÄga”, albo
rozumie Citta bez RÄgi jako “Citta bez RÄgi”, albo rozumie Citta z Doza
jako “Citta z Doza”, czy teÅž rozumie Citta bez Doza “Citta bez Doza”,
albo rozumie Citta z Moha jako “Citta z Moha”, albo rozumie Citta bez
Mohy jako “Citta bez Mohy”, albo rozumie zebrane citty jako “zebrany
cyzm”, albo rozumie rozproszony Citta jako “rozproszony cytta”, albo
rozumie rozszerzone citta jako “rozszerzone citta”, albo rozumie
nieoczeÅžnÄ cittÄ jako “niewykorzystane citta”, albo rozumie przewyÅžszane
citta jako “zatrudnienie citty”, albo rozumie niezrÃģwnana citta jako
“niezrÃģwnana citta”, albo rozumie skoncentrowany cyzm jako
“skoncentrowany cyzm”, albo rozumie niekoncentratowany cyzm jako
“nieskoncentrated cytta”, albo rozumie wyzwolony cittÄ jako “wyzwolony
cyzm”, lub rozumie niepubliczne citta jako “nieostre pana cytta “.
W ten sposÃģb mieszkajÄ obserwujÄ c Citta w Citta wewnÄtrznie, albo
zamieszkuje obserwujÄ c Citta w Citta zewnÄtrznie, albo mieszka
obserwujÄ c Citta w Citta wewnÄtrznie i zewnÄtrznie; MieszkajÄ obserwujÄ c
samudy jak zjawiska w Citta, albo mieszka obserwujÄ c przechodzÄ cÄ
zjawiska w Citta, albo mieszka obserwujÄ c SamudayÄ i przechodzÄ c z
zjawisk w Citta; albo inaczej, [realizacja:] “To jest citta!” Sati jest w
nim obecny, tylko do zakresu zwykÅej Ãąana i zwykÅych Paáđissati, mieszka
wolnostojÄ i nie przywierajÄ do niczego na Åwiecie. Tak wiÄc Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu mieszka obserwujÄ c Citta w Citta.
mahÄ-parinibbÄna and Maha Sathipattana in76) Classical Nepali-āĪķāĪūāĪļāĨāĪĪāĨāĪ°āĨāĪŊ āĪŪāĨāĪŊāĪūāĪāĪŪāĪūāĪ° (āĪŽāĪ°āĨāĪŪāĪū), 77) Classical Norwegian-Klassisk norsk,
78) Classical Odia (Oriya)
79) Classical Pashto- ŲžŲŲÚŦÛ ŲūÚØŠŲ
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Do
Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots.
Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify
Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final
Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Letâs be part of such programmes and also support Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention. as Dr B.R.Ambedkar thundered âMain Bharat Baudhmay karunga.â (I will make this country Buddhist) All Aboriginal Awakened Societies Thunder â Hum Prapanch Prabuddha Prapanchmay karunge.â (We will make the whole world Prabuddha Prapanch This will happen through Free Online Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention in Awakened Oneâs own words For the Welfare, Happiness and Peace for All Societies
99.9%
All Aboriginal Societies are now awakened. They are aware that the BJP
leaders once referred the media as ‘PRESSTITUTE’ who are greedy for
money. The important pillars of Democracy such as Parliament, Executive
and the Media including the CEC (Corrupt Election Commission) have
developed cracks. The Judiciary under CJI is now awake. The fraud EVMs
have to be replaced with Ballot Papers as practiced by majority of the
Democracies of the world to save Democracy, Equality, Freedom, Liberty
and Fraternity as enshrined in our Marvelous Modern Constitution. All
the posts in the Judiciary have to be filled proportionately among all
sections of the society as per Constitution. CJI must show the path to
be followed by other pillars of Democracy.
Religions, Races,Castes,Inequalities, Were there Are there And Will continue to be there! Dr B.R.Ambedkar thundered âMain Bharat Baudhmay karunga.â (I will make this country Buddhist) All
Aboriginal Awakened Societies Thunder â Hum Prapanch Prabuddha
Prapanchmay karunge.â (We will make the whole world Prabuddha Prapanch This will happen through Free
Online Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention in Awakened Oneâs own words
For the Welfare, Happiness and Peace for All Societies
Everything to Know About Hijri New Year Muslims in India will welcome the Islamic New Year 2021 this month.
The Islamic calendar, also known as Hijri calendar, is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 months.
The
Islamic New Year or Hijri New Year commences on 1st day of Muharram
month. This year, Muharram month will fall in August. Second Caliph Umar
is considered to be the creator of the Hijri calendar.
Islamic
New Year 2021 Images & Hijri 1443 Year HD Wallpapers for Free
Download Online: Muharram Messages, WhatsApp Status, SMS and Quotes to
Send on Muslim Observance | LatestLY
Observance
of Islamic New Year 2021 in India is sure to be low-key as we continue
to fight the spread of COVID-19. We hope that Islamic New Year brings
with it a new year filled with happiness and prosperity to one and all.
Have a Blessed Islamic New Year 2021! Islamic New Year 2021 Images …
Purnima is an important festival for those practicing the the religion of Buddhism. ..
Five Silas
1 I donât want others to hurt me or kill me
Hence I will not hurt or kill others
2 I do not want others to steal my belongings. Hence I will not take what is not given to me.
3 I donât want others to take my husband/wife. Hence I will not indulge in sexual misconduct.
4 I donât want others to tell lies. Hence I will not tell lies.
5 I will not consume intoxicant drink or drugs as I May indulge in all above said misconducts.
IX TAKING OF REFUGE X FIVE PRECEPTS PANCASILA
Tai Tran
1.19K subscribers
IX TAKING OF REFUGE
CONTENTS
1. Meaning of Refuge (Sarana)
2. Origin of Taking of Refuge
3. Act of Taking Refuge
4. Why We Need to Take Refuge
5. The Three Refuges
6. Factors that Enhance the Taking of Refuge
7. Corruptions and Breach of Refuge
8. Benefits of Taking Refuge
9. References
9. References
1)
The Three Refuges. The Minor Readings ( Khuddakaptha) and Commentary
(Paramatthajotika Part 1). Translated from the Pali by Bhikkhu Nanamoli.
Pali Text Society, London, 1978
2) Going for Refuge by Bhikkhu Bodhi in Wheel Publication No. 282/284, Buddhist Publication Society.
3) Tisarana by U Sein Nyo Tun (Late of the Indian Civil Service). Article published in website of
X FIVE PRECEPTS (PANCASILA)
CONTENTS
1. Five Vices and Five Virtues
2. Self Responsibility in Moral Training
3. Precepts are Indispensable in Moral Training
4. Dhamma Way to Compare Oneself with Another
5. First Precept: Abstention from Killing Living Beings
6. Second Precept: Abstention from Taking What is Not Given
7. Third Precept: Abstention from Sexual Misconduct
8. Fourth Precept: Abstention from False Speech
9. Fifth Precept: Abstention from Partaking of Intoxicants
10. Benefits of âModerate Drinkingâ: Fact or Fallacy?
11. Factors that Enhance the Keeping of Precepts
12. Consequences of Breaking and Keeping the Five Precepts
13. References
13. References
1) Atthasalini - The Expositor translated by Pe Maung Tin. The Pali Text Society, London.
2)
The Five ikayas - Discourses of the Buddha. An Anthology Book One.
Translated by the Editors of the Light of the Dhamma, Department of
Religious Affairs, Myanmar.
3) Taking the Precepts by the Venerable Bhikkhu Bodhi. The Wheel Publication No. 282/284, Buddhist Publication Society.
4) Program for Reversing Heart Disease by Dr. Dean Ornish, M.D. Ballantine Books, New York: September, 1991.
5)
Vinaya Texts translated from Pali by T. W. Rhys Davids and Herman
Oldenberg. Part II. Sacred Books of the East edited by F. Max Muller.
Motilal Barnarsidass Publishers, Delhi.
IX
TAKING OF REFUGECONTENTS1. Meaning of Refuge (Sarana) 2. Origin of
Taking of Refuge 3. Act of Taking Refuge 4. Why We Need to Take Refuge
5. The Three Ref…
Buddha
Purnima is an important festival for those practicing the religion of
Buddhism. Buddha Purnima 2021 will be celebrated on May 26. Buddha
Purnima marks the birth anniversary of Prince Siddhar…
This harvest season, Kappa Chakka Kandhari brings you a sumptuous traditional
Onasadhya - Feast In a Box
Lunch on August 20 & 21, 2021 in Chennai & Bengaluru
Order our specially curated take-away feast & celebrate the much-loved harvest festival
in the safety and comfort of your home
Our
elaborate Onasadhya - Feast In a Box offering comprises twenty-six
traditional vegetarian delicacies prepared by Namboodiri cooks from
Kerala
Sufficient for 5 persons, it comes packed in stainless containers and a hot box
to keep your festive meal fresh and delicious.
Savour the nostalgic taste of Kerala with this time-honoured vegetarian feast!
Onasadhya
includes - Uppu, Cheru Pazham, Chena Nuruku, Nendrakai Nuruku, Sharkara
Varatty and Pavakka Kondattam. Our pickles include Manga Achar, Naranga
Achar, Nellika Achar & Inji Puli along with Beetroot Kichadi and
Pineapple Pachadi. An elaborate selection of vegetables includes Olan,
Cabbage Thoran, Avial and Koottu Kari. Enjoy Nei-Parippu with Matta red
rice accompanied by delicious Kerala Sambar, Kalan, Pappadam and Rasam.
End your meal with a selection of delicious payasams - Ada Pradhaman,
Palada, Chakka Pradhaman and Parippu Payasam.
Bring home the sweet taste of harvest with our
Onam Payasam Specials
Rich, delicious Payasam from across Kerala, to relish over the weekend or gift to your
loved ones
âĒ Ada Pradhaman , a sweet treat of rice bits (ada) simmered with jaggery and coconut milk
âĒ Chakka Pradhaman , a traditional payasam of Chakka Varatti or
jackfruit pulp, slow cooked in coconut milk and sweetened with jaggery
âĒ Parippu Payasam , a rich creamy dessert made with whole green
moong and jaggery, cooked in coconut milk, flavoured with cardamom and
topped with coconut bits
âĒ Palada Payasam , made with rice flakes or ada, simmered in milk and sugar, generously garnished with cashew
Payasams make for a truly fitting finale to your festive meal at home and are available in
convenient take-away packs of one litre (Rs. 650 + taxes) or 500 ml (Rs. 350 + taxes)
These Chennai restaurants are offering Onam sadhya in take away boxes
While
Onam lunch is traditionally a time for families and friends to get
together, with the ongoing pandemic, we are looking at another year of
takeaway. This time, chefs and restaurateurs have found inventive ways
to make the experience festive
Kappa Chakka Kandhari
These Chennai restaurants are offering Onam sadhya in take away boxes
We
lead with this eco-friendly Onasadhya, packed in retro stainless steel
tiffins, a refreshing change from the surge of plastic takeaway every
year. The popular Kerala restaurant offers 26 items with this vegetarian
sadhya for five people, priced at âđ4,750.
âEvery
year we bring in cooks from Kerala, who strictly follow the sadhya
cooking rituals. They also bring certain ingredients including the
Marayoor jaggery for the pradhaman,â says Chef Regi Mathew of KCK.
Their
signature payasams: ada pradhaman, chakka pradhaman, and payaru payasam
packed in glass containers, can be pre-booked and are available for
âđ650 (one litre) and âđ350 (500 ml). The sadhya and payasams can be
pre-booked online for August 20 and 21.
Executive
chef Jesu Lambert says, âThis year, customers can choose between Kerala
matta rice and regular white rice. Special additions to the sadhya are
unniappam, steamed nendhram banana and ullivada,â he says.
These Chennai restaurants are offering Onam sadhya in take away boxes
While
dine-in is priced at âđ1,050 per person, takeaway sadhya for two costs
âđ1,145. Book your dine-in slots and pre-book takeaway from August 20 to
22.
To pre-book, call 9710947361.
Savya Rasa
Japtej
Ahluwalia and his team have come up with the Grand Onam Sadhya
comprising 30 dishes this year. âSadhya with a mission is what we call
it this year; we will donate a meal for every sadhya we sell. This is
our way of spreading joy for someone in need during the pandemic,â he
says. Pre-book the take away boxes or book the slots for dine-in from
noon to 3.30 pm, till August 22, at âđ999 plus taxes per person.
For booking, call 9940091899.
Grand Chennai by GRT Hotels
Along
with the Sethu Foundation, Grand Chennai also presents a Grand Onam
Sadhya for a cause. The takeaway box for two costs âđ2,000 (cost of meal
is âđ1,500 and âđ500 is doantion) and includes delivery charges.
For booking, call 9940044961.
Green Meadows
At
Green Meadows on ECR, savour a 24-dish Onam sadhya priced at âđ750 per
person, dine-in only, on August 21, 12 to 3.30 pm on pre-booking.
Highlighst of this sadhya would be boli, kadala payasam and paal
payasam.
For reservation, call 7824876506.
ID by SPI Diners
IDâs
Harrington Road and Vadapalani outlets offer a 24-item sadhya box. âWe
will provide two banana leaves, and a printed guide on where to place
the dishes on the leaf,â says Nitin Suresh, business head, SPI Diners.
These Chennai restaurants are offering Onam sadhya in take away boxes
Ada
pradhaman, Amabalapuzha paalpayasam, nendhrapazham pradhaman and chakka
pradhaman (âđ295 for 500 ml) are available seperately on pre-order.
Dine-in is âđ425 per head; takeaway (pre-order) is âđ999 for two.
For pre-booking, Call 8754434865.
Crowne Plaza Chennai Adyar Park
Chef
Vijay Kumar says that this year, he and his team planned for the Onam
takeaway, meticulously. âOur sadhya has 28 items. New this year are the
paal payasam made using the Kerala red rice, and marudham curry
(pineapple pachadi),â he says.
These Chennai restaurants are offering Onam sadhya in take away boxes
The
takeaway box starts from âđ2,450 plus taxes (meal for two) and dine-in
costs âđ1,900 plus taxes. The sadhya is available till August 21, for
lunch only.
De siste instruksjonene i Buddhas egne ord sitater pÃĨ Sutta Piáđaka-Digha NikÄya MahÄparinibbÄna Sutta
DN 16 - (D II 137)
MahÄparinibbÄna Sutta.
{Excerpts}
De siste instruksjonene fra Buddha pÃĨ MahÄ-ParinibbÄna
Denne
Sutta samler ulike instruksjoner som Buddha ga for etterfÃļlgere etter
at han gikk bort, noe som gjÃļr at det er et svÃĶrt viktig sett med
instruksjoner for oss i dag.
Jeg
vil utvise diskursen pÃĨ Dhamma som kalles DhammÄdÄsa, som AriyasÄvaka,
hvis han Ãļnsker det, kan erklÃĶre for seg selv: “For meg er det ikke mer
Niraya, ikke mer TiracchÄna-Yoni, ikke mer Pettivisaya, nei Mer tilstand
av ulykke, ulykke, av elendighet, jeg er en sotÄpanna, av naturen fri
for elendighetstater, sikkert ÃĨ vÃĶre bestemt til Sambodhi.
Og hva, Änanda, er
den
diskursen pÃĨ Dhamma som kalles DhammÄdÄsa, besatt som AriyasÄvaka, hvis
han sÃĨ Ãļnsker, kan erklÃĶre for seg selv: “For meg er det ikke mer
Niraya, ikke mer TiracchÄna-Yoni, ikke mer Pettivisaya, ikke mer
tilstand av Unhappiness, av ulykke, av elendighet, I. Er en SotÄpanna,
av naturen fri for elendighetstater, sikkert ÃĨ vÃĶre bestemt til
Sambodhi?
Her, Änanda, en AriyasÄvaka er utstyrt med Buddhe aveccappasÄda:
Han er utstyrt med dhamme aveccappasÄda:
Han er utstyrt med Saáđ ghe AteccappasÄda:
Han er utstyrt med en sÄŦla som er behagelig for ariyas,
Dette,
Änanda, er diskursen pÃĨ Dhamma som kalles DhammÄdÄsa, som er som
AriyasÄvaka, hvis han Ãļnsker det, kan deklarere seg selv: “For meg er
det ikke mer Niraya, ikke mer TiracchÄna-Yoni, ikke mer Pettivisaya ,
ikke mer tilstand av ulykke, ulykke, av elendighet, jeg er en sotÄpanna,
av naturen fri fra elendige stater, sikkert ÃĨ vÃĶre bestemt til
Sambodhi.
Sato bÃļr du forbli, Bhikkhus og SampajÄnos. Dette er vÃĨr pÃĨfÃļring til deg.
Og hvordan, Bhikkhus, er en bhikkhu sato? Her, Bhikkhus, A Bhikkhu
Dermed er Bhikkhus en Bhikkhu Sato. Og hvordan, Bhikkhus, er en Bhikkhu SampajÄno? Her, Bhikkhus,
Dermed er Bhikkhus en Bhikkhu SampajÄno. Sato bÃļr du forbli, Bhikkhus og SampajÄnos. Dette er vÃĨr pÃĨfÃļring til deg.
- Ananda, Twin Sala
TrÃĶr
er i full blomst, selv om det ikke er blomstringen. Og blomstrene
regner pÃĨ kroppen av Tathagata og faller og sprer seg og er strÃļdd pÃĨ
det i tilbedelse av Tathagata. Og himmelske korallblomster og himmelske
Sandalwood-pulver fra himmelen regner ned pÃĨ Tathagataens kropp, og
faller og sprer seg og er strÃļdd pÃĨ den i tilbedelse av Tathagata. Og
lyden av himmelske stemmer og himmelske instrumenter gjÃļr musikk i
luften ut av ÃĶrbÃļdighet for Tathagata.
Det
er ikke av dette, at TathÄgata respekteres, ÃĶret, respektert, betalt
hyllest og ÃĶret. Men Ananda, noen Bhikkhu eller Bhikkhuni, Layman eller
Laywoman, gjenvÃĶrende Dhamm’Änudhamma’P'Paáđipanna, SÄmÄŦci’p'Paáđipanna,
Bor
i samsvar med Dhamma, at en respekt, jÃĶvla, esteem, hilser hilsen, og
ÃĶrer TathÄgata med den mest gode hyllest. Derfor, Änanda, bÃļr du trene
dere selv: “Vi vil forbli dhamm’Änudhamma’p'paáđipanna,
sÄmÄŦci’p'paáđipanna, som bor i samsvar med Dhamma”.
Bhagawan Buddha sier.
“Mine
brÃļdre, det er disse to ekstremer som en person pÃĨ banen skal unngÃĨ.
Hvilke to? En er ÃĨ dype seg i sensuelle fornÃļyelser. Og den andre er ÃĨ
Ãļve austerities som frarÃļver kroppen av sine behov. Begge disse
ytterpunktene fÃļrer til feil.
“Stien
jeg har oppdaget er midtveien, som unngÃĨr bÃĨde ekstremer og har
kapasitet til ÃĨ lede en til forstÃĨelse, frigjÃļring og fred. Det er den
edle ÃĨttefoldige veien med riktig forstÃĨelse, riktig tanke, hÃļyre tale,
riktig handling, riktig levebrÃļd, rett innsats, rett oppmerksomhet og
riktig konsentrasjon. Jeg har fulgt denne edle eightfold-banen og har
realisert forstÃĨelse, frigjÃļring og fred.
Den
fÃļrste er eksistensen av lidelse. FÃļdsel, alderdom, sykdom og dÃļd
lider. Tristhet, sinne, sjalusi, bekymring, angst, frykt og fortvilelse
lider. Separasjon fra kjÃĶre lider. Forening med de du misliker er
lidelse. Ãnsker, vedlegg og klamrer seg til de fem aggregatene lider.
“BrÃļdre, den andre sannheten avslÃļrer ÃĨrsaken til lidelse. PÃĨ grunn
av uvitenhet kan folk ikke se sannheten om livet, og de blir fanget i
flammene av lyst, sinne, sjalusi, sorg, bekymring, frykt og fortvilelse.
“BrÃļdre, den tredje sannheten er opphÃļr av lidelse.
à forstÃĨ sannheten i livet bringer om opphÃļr av hver sorg og sorg og gir opphav til fred og glede.
“BrÃļdre, den fjerde sannheten er veien som fÃļrer til opphÃļr av
lidelse. Det er den edle ÃĨttefoldige banen, som jeg nettopp har
forklart. Den edle ÃĨttefoldbanen er nÃĶret av ÃĨ leve Mindfully.
Mindfulness fÃļrer til konsentrasjon og forstÃĨelse, med frigjÃļr deg fra
alle smerter og sorg og fÃļrer til fred og glede. Jeg vil lede deg langs
denne realiseringsveien.
“Visjon oppsto, innsikt oppsto, skikkelse oppstod, kunnskap oppsto,
belysningen oppstod i meg med hensyn til ting som aldri hÃļrte fÃļr:”
Denne edle sannheten om stress er blitt forstÃĨtt. “
“Den
edle sannheten om opphÃļr av stress: den komplette fading og opphÃļr,
avstÃĨelse, avstÃĨelse, utgivelse, og la slippe av det veldig trang. Denne
edle sannheten om opphÃļr av stress har blitt realisert. Dette er den
edle sannheten om Ãļvelsesveien som fÃļrer til opphÃļr av stress.
“SÃĨ
snart min kunnskap og visjon om disse fire edle sannhetene som de har
kommet til ÃĨ vÃĶre - var virkelig rene, sÃĨ hevdet jeg ÃĨ ha direkte vekket
til den rette selvvakningen uklarte i kosmos med alle sine usynlige
guider, kontemplater, Brahmans, dets royalty & commonfolk. Kunnskap
og visjon oppsto i meg: “Unshakable er min utgivelse. Dette er min siste
fÃļdsel. Det er nÃĨ ingen fornyet eksistens. “
Mens
Siddhartha forklarte de fire edle sannhetene, fÃļlte en av munkene
Kondanna plutselig en stor skinnende i sitt eget sinn. Han kunne smake
pÃĨ frigjÃļringen han hadde sÃļkt sÃĨ lenge. Hans ansikt strÃĨlet med glede.
Buddha pekte pÃĨ ham og grÃĨt, “Kondanna! Du har det! Du har det!”
Kondanna
ble med pÃĨ hÃĨndflatene og bÃļyde seg fÃļr Siddhartha. Med dypeste
respekt, snakket han, “ÃĶrverdige Gautama, vennligst aksepter meg som din
disippel. Jeg vet at under din veiledning, vil jeg oppnÃĨ den store
oppvÃĨkningen. “
De
andre fire munkene bÃļyde seg ogsÃĨ pÃĨ Siddharthas fÃļtter, kom sammen med
sine palmer, og bedt om ÃĨ bli mottatt som disipler. Siddhartha sa,
“brÃļdre! Barnene i landsbyen har gitt meg navnet ‘Buddhaen. ” Du kan
ogsÃĨ ringe meg med det navnet hvis du vil. “
Kondanna spurte, “betyr ikke” Buddha “en som er vekket”? “
“Det er riktig, og de kaller veien som jeg har oppdaget” veien for oppvÃĨkning pÃĨ. “Hva synes du om dette navnet?”
“”
En som er vekket “! ‘MÃĨten ÃĨ vekke’! Herlig! Herlig! Disse navnene er
sanne, men enkle. Vi vil gjerne ringe deg Buddha, og stien du har
oppdaget veien for oppvÃĨkning. Som du nettopp sa, er levende hver dag
oppmerksom pÃĨ selve grunnlaget for ÃĨndelig praksis. ” De fem munker var
av ett sinn ÃĨ akseptere Gautama som deres lÃĶrer og ÃĨ kalle ham Buddha.
Buddha
smilte pÃĨ dem. ” Vennligst, brÃļdre, praksis med en ÃĨpen og intelligent
ÃĨnd, og i tre mÃĨneder vil du ha oppnÃĨdd frukten av frigjÃļring. ”
Piriniwan Manchaka - Exact place where Lord Buddha’s Maha-Parinirvana (physical death) took place.
Dedication of Merits
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“Decay
is inherent in all component things! Work out your salvation with
diligence!”‘. This was the last word of the TathÄgata. (http://jayarava.org/buddhas-last-word…)
“From
attachment springs grief, from attachment springs fear. From him who is
wholly free from attachment there is no grief, whence then fear?” Dhp
XVI
Buddhas egne ord sitater pÃĨ tilstedevÃĶrelse pÃĨ bevissthet
mahÄ + satipaáđáđhÄna.
Religioner, lÃļp, kaster, ulikheter,
Var der
Er det
Og
Vil fortsette ÃĨ vÃĶre der!
Dr B.r.ambedkar tordet “Main Bharat Baudhmay Karunga.” (Jeg vil gjÃļre dette landet buddhistiske)
Alle
aboriginale vekkete samfunn torden hilarisk “Hum prapanch prabuddha
prapanchmay Karunge.” (Vi vil gjÃļre hele verden Prabuddha Prapanch
Dette vil skje gjennom
Gratis
online Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention i vekket sitt eget ord for
velferd, lykke og fred for alle samfunn og for dem ÃĨ oppnÃĨ evig lykke
som sluttmÃĨl gjennom MahÄ + SatipaáđáđhÄna - Tilordnelse om bevissthet ved
observasjon av KÄya-delen om ÄnÄpÄna, stillinger, SampajaÃąÃąa,
Repulsivitet, elementene, de ni klanalene, av VedanÄ og Citta
Deretter
Religioner, raser, kaster og ulikheter
Vil ikke vÃĶre der!
Tipitaka.
DN 22 - (D II 290)
MahÄsatipaáđáđhÄna Sutta.
TilstedevÃĶrelse pÃĨ bevissthet av Buddha
mahÄ + satipaáđáđhÄna.
Denne Sutta er allment betraktet som en hovedreferanse for meditasjonspraksis.
Introduksjon
I. Observasjon av KÄya
A. Seksjon pÃĨ ÄnÄpÄna
B. Seksjon pÃĨ stillinger
C. Seksjon pÃĨ SampajaÃąÃąa
D. Seksjon om repulsiveness
E. Seksjon pÃĨ elementene
F. Seksjon pÃĨ de ni klanalene
II. Observasjon av VedanÄ.
Introduksjon
SÃĨ har jeg hÃļrt:
Ved en anledning bodde BhagavÄ blant Kurus pÃĨ KammÄsadhamma, en markedsby Kurus. Der adresserte han bhikkhus:
- Bhikkhus.
- Bhaddante svarte Bhikkhus. BhagavÄ sa:
- dette,
Bhikkhus, er veien som fÃļrer til ingenting, men rensingen av
vesener,
overvinne sorg og klage, forsvinningen av Dukkha-Domanassa, oppnÃĨelsen
av den riktige mÃĨten, realiseringen av NibbÄna, det vil si de fire
satipaáđáđhÄnas.
Hvilken fire?
Her, Bhikkhus, en Bhikkhu bor i KÄya i KÄya, ÄtÄpÄŦ
SampajÄno, SatimÄ, har gitt opp AbhijjhÄ-Domanassa mot verden.
Han
bor i VedanÄ i VedanÄ, ÄtÄpÄŦ SampajÄno, SatimÄ, ÃĨ ha gitt opp
AbhijjhÄ-Domanassa mot verden. Han bor i Citta i Citta, ÄtÄpÄŦ SampajÄno,
SatimÄ, som har gitt opp AbhijjhhÄ-Domanassa mot verden. Han bor i
dhamma · s i Dhamma ÄtÄpÄŦ SampajÄno, SatimÄ, ÃĨ ha gitt opp
AbhijjjhÄ-Domanassa mot verden.
I. KÄyÄnupassanÄ.
A. Seksjon pÃĨ ÄnÄpÄna
Og
Hvordan,
Bhikkhus, bor en Bhikkhu som observerer KÄya i KÄya? Her, Bhikkhus, en
bhikkhu, som har gÃĨtt til skogen eller har gÃĨtt pÃĨ roten til et tre
eller har gÃĨtt til et tomt rom, setter ned ÃĨ brette beina i tvers, og
sette KÄya oppreist og sette Sati Parimukhaáđ. Ã vÃĶre dermed sato han
puster inn, er dermed sato han puster ut. Puster lenge han forstÃĨr: “Jeg
puster i lang”; puster ut lenge han forstÃĨr: “Jeg puster ut lenge”;
puster kort sagt han forstÃĨr: “Jeg puster kort”; puster ut kort han
forstÃĨr: “Jeg puster ut kort”; Han trener seg: “FÃļler KÄya, jeg vil
puste inn”; Han trener seg: “FÃļler hele KÄya, jeg vil puste ut”; Han
trener seg: “Forberedes pÃĨ KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, vil jeg puste inn”; Han
trener seg selv: “RÃļd ned KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, vil jeg puste ut”.
Bare
som
Bhikkhus, en dyktig turner eller en Turners lÃĶrling, som gjÃļr en lang
tur, forstÃĨr: “Jeg lager en lang sving”; Ã lage en kort sving, forstÃĨr
han: “Jeg lager en kort sving”; PÃĨ samme mÃĨte forstÃĨr Bhikkhus, en
bhikkhu, puster lenge: “Jeg puster i lang”, puster ut lenge han forstÃĨr:
“Jeg puster ut lenge”; puster kort sagt han forstÃĨr: “Jeg puster kort”;
puster ut kort han forstÃĨr: “Jeg puster ut kort”; Han trener seg selv:
“Ã fÃļle hele KÄya, jeg vil puste inn”; Han trener seg: “FÃļler hele KÄya,
jeg vil puste ut”; Han trener seg: “Forberedes pÃĨ KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, vil
jeg puste inn”; Han trener seg selv: “RÃļd ned KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, vil jeg
puste ut”.
Dermed bor han pÃĨ ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt,
eller
han bor i KÄya i KÄya eksternt, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya
internt og eksternt; Han bor i ÃĨ observere samudayaen av fenomenene i
KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere den forbi fenomenet i KÄya, eller han
bor i ÃĨ observere Samudaya og forbipasserende fenomen i KÄya; Ellers,
[Realizing:] “Dette er KÄya!” Sati er tilstede i ham, bare i den grad
bare ÃąÄáđa og bare Paáđissati, bor han frittliggende, og klamrer seg ikke
til noe i verden. Dermed bhikkhus, en bhikkhu bor i KÄya i KÄya.
B. IriyÄpatha Pabba.
Dessuten,
bhikkhus, en bhikkhu, mens du gÃĨr, forstÃĨr: “Jeg gÃĨr”, eller
Mens han stod, forstÃĨr han: “Jeg stÃĨr”, eller mens han sitter
ForstÃĨ:
“Jeg sitter”, eller mens han ligger ned, forstÃĨr han: “Jeg ligger ned”.
Ellers, i hvilken stilling hans KÄya er disponert, forstÃĨr han det
tilsvarende.
C. Seksjon pÃĨ SampajaÃąÃąa
Dessuten,
Bhikkhus,
en Bhikkhu, mens han nÃĶrmer seg, og mens han avreise, virker med
SampajaÃąÃąa, mens han sÃĨ fremover, og mens han ser seg, virker han med
SampajaÃąÃąa, mens han bÃļyer seg og mens han strekker seg med SampajaÃąÃąa,
mens han bÃĶrer klÃĶrne og den Ãļvre kappen og mens han bÃĶrer bollen,
fungerer han med sampajaÃąÃąa, mens de spiser, mens drikking, mens tygge,
mens du smaker, fungerer han med sampajaÃąÃąa, samtidig som man til
virksomheten av avfÃļring og vannlating, fungerer han med sampajaÃąÃąa,
mens du gÃĨr, mens stÃĨende, mens du sitter, mens Sove, mens du er vÃĨken,
mens han snakker og mens han er stille, handler han med SampajaÃąÃąa.
Dermed bor han pÃĨ ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt, eller han
bor
i KÄya i KÄya eksternt, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt
og eksternt; Han bor i ÃĨ observere samudayaen av fenomenene i KÄya,
eller han bor i ÃĨ observere den forbi fenomenet i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ
observere Samudaya og forbipasserende fenomen i KÄya; Ellers,
[Realizing:] “Dette er KÄya!” Sati er tilstede i ham, bare i den grad
bare ÃąÄáđa og bare Paáđissati, bor han frittliggende, og klamrer seg ikke
til noe i verden. Dermed bhikkhus, en bhikkhu bor i KÄya i KÄya.
D. Seksjon om repulsiveness
Dessuten,
Bhikkhus, en bhikkhu anser denne kroppen, fra sÃĨlene til
fÃļtter
opp og fra hÃĨret pÃĨ hodet ned, som er avgrenset av huden og full av
ulike typer urenheter: “I denne KÄya er det hÃĨret pÃĨ hodet, hÃĨrets hÃĨr,
negler, tenner, hud, kjÃļtt ,
Akkurat
som om, bhikkhus, det var en pose som hadde to ÃĨpninger og fylt med
ulike typer korn, som for eksempel hill-paddy, paddy, mungbÃļnner,
ku-erter, sesamfrÃļ og husked ris. En mann med god syn, som har lÃļsnet
det, ville vurdere [dets innhold]: “Dette er hill-paddy, dette er paddy,
de er mungbÃļnner, de er ku-erter, de er sesamfrÃļ, og dette er husket
ris;” pÃĨ samme mÃĨte, munkene, en bhikkhu anser dette svÃĶrt kroppen, fra
fotsÃĨlene opp og fra hÃĨret pÃĨ hodet ned,
som er avgrenset av huden og full av ulike typer urenheter:
“I denne KÄya er det hÃĨrene pÃĨ hodet, hÃĨrets hÃĨr,
Dermed bor han pÃĨ ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt, eller han
bor
i KÄya i KÄya eksternt, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt
og eksternt; Han bor i ÃĨ observere samudayaen av fenomenene i KÄya,
eller han bor i ÃĨ observere den forbi fenomenet i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ
observere Samudaya og forbipasserende fenomen i KÄya; Ellers,
[Realizing:] “Dette er KÄya!” Sati er til stede ham, bare i den grad
bare ÃąÄáđa og bare Paáđissati, bor han frittliggende, og klamrer seg ikke
til noe i verden. Dermed bhikkhus, en bhikkhu bor i KÄya i KÄya.
E. Seksjon pÃĨ elementene
Dessuten,
munkene, en bhikkhu reflekterer over dette svÃĶrt Kaya, men det er plassert,
Men det er disponert: “I denne KÄya er det jordelementet, den
vannelement, brannelementet og luftelementet. “
Akkurat
som Bhikkhus, en dyktig slakter eller en slakterens lÃĶrling, som har
drept en ku, ville sitte ved et veikryss som kutte det i stykker; PÃĨ
samme mÃĨte som Bhikkhus, en Bhikkhu reflekterer over dette veldig KÄya,
men det er plassert, men det er anordnet: “I denne er det jordelementet,
vannelementet, brannelementet og luftelementet.”
Dermed bor han i ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt, eller han bor i KÄya i KÄya eksternt, eller han bor
observere
Kaya i Kaya internt og eksternt, Han bor i ÃĨ observere samudayaen av
fenomenene i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere den forbi fenomenet i
KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere Samudaya og forbipasserende fenomen i
KÄya; Ellers, [Realizing:] “Dette er KÄya!” Sati er tilstede i ham, bare
i henhold til bare bare ÃąÄáđa og bare Paáđissati, bor han frittliggende,
og klamrer seg ikke til noe i verden. Da bor han som observerer KÄya i
KÄya;
(1)
Dessuten,
Bhikkhus,
en bhikkhu, akkurat som om han sÃĨ en dÃļd kropp, kastet seg i en
charnelbunn, en dag dÃļd, eller to dager dÃļde eller tre dager dÃļde,
hovne, blÃĨaktige og festering, anser han dette veldig kÄya: “Denne KÄya
OgsÃĨ er av en slik natur, det kommer til ÃĨ bli slik, og er ikke fri for
en slik tilstand. “
Dermed
bor han i ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere
KÄya i KÄya eksternt, eller han bor i KÄya i KÄya internt og eksternt;
Han bor i ÃĨ observere samudayaen av fenomenene i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ
observere den forbi fenomenet i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere
Samudaya og forbipasserende fenomen i KÄya; Ellers, [Realizing:] “Dette
er KÄya!” Sati er tilstede i ham, bare i den grad bare ÃąÄáđa og bare
Paáđissati, bor han frittliggende, og klamrer seg ikke til noe i verden.
Dermed bhikkhus, en bhikkhu bor i KÄya i KÄya.
(2)
Dessuten,
Bhikkhus,
en bhikkhu, akkurat som om han sÃĨ en dÃļd kropp, kastet bort i en
klahjul, som ble spist av krÃĨper, blir spist av Hawks, blir spist av
gribber, blir spist av heroner, blir spist av hunder, blir spist av
Tigre, blir spist av Panthers, blir spist av ulike typer vesener, han
anser dette veldig KÄya: “Denne KÄya er ogsÃĨ en slik natur, det kommer
til ÃĨ bli slik, og er ikke fri for en slik tilstand.”
Dermed
bor han i ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere
KÄya i KÄya eksternt, eller han bor i KÄya i KÄya internt og eksternt;
han bor i ÃĨ observere samudayaen av fenomenene i KÄya, eller han bor pÃĨ ÃĨ
observere den forbi fenomenene i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere
Samudaya og
passerer
bort fenomen i KÄya; Ellers, [Realizing:] “Dette er KÄya!” Sati er
tilstede i ham, bare i den grad bare ÃąÄáđa og bare Paáđissati, bor han
frittliggende, og klamrer seg ikke til noe i verden. Dermed bhikkhus, en
bhikkhu bor i KÄya i KÄya.
(3)
Videre,
Bhikkhus, en Bhikkhu, akkurat som om han sÃĨ en dÃļd kropp, kastet bort i
en klanjakke, en squeleton med kjÃļtt og blod, holdt sammen av sener,
anser han dette veldig KÄya: “Denne KÄya er ogsÃĨ en slik Naturen, det
kommer til ÃĨ bli slik, og er ikke fri for en slik tilstand. “
Dermed bor han pÃĨ ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt, eller han
bor
i KÄya i KÄya eksternt, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt
og eksternt; Han bor i ÃĨ observere samudayaen av fenomenene i KÄya,
eller han bor i ÃĨ observere den forbi fenomenet i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ
observere Samudaya og forbipasserende fenomen i KÄya; Ellers,
[Realizing:] “Dette er KÄya!” Sati er tilstede i ham, bare i den grad
bare ÃąÄáđa og bare Paáđissati, bor han frittliggende, og klamrer seg ikke
til noe i verden. Dermed bhikkhus, en bhikkhu bor i KÄya i KÄya.
(4)
Dessuten,
Bhikkhus,
en bhikkhu, akkurat som om han sÃĨ en dÃļd kropp, kastet seg i en
klanjakke, en squeleton uten kjÃļtt og smurt med blod, holdt sammen av
sener, han anser dette veldig kÄya: “Denne KÄya er ogsÃĨ en slik Naturen,
det kommer til ÃĨ bli slik, og er ikke fri for en slik tilstand. “
Dermed
bor han i ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere
KÄya i KÄya eksternt, eller han bor i KÄya i KÄya internt og eksternt;
Han bor i ÃĨ observere samudayaen av fenomenene i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ
observere den forbi fenomenet i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere
Samudaya og forbipasserende fenomen i KÄya; Ellers, [Realizing:] “Dette
er KÄya!” Sati er tilstede i ham, bare i den grad bare ÃąÄáđa og bare
Paáđissati, bor han frittliggende, og klamrer seg ikke til noe i verden.
Dermed bhikkhus, en bhikkhu bor i KÄya i KÄya.
(5)
Videre,
Bhikkhus, en bhikkhu, akkurat som om han sÃĨ en dÃļd kropp, kastet bort i
en klanjakke, en squeleton uten kjÃļtt eller blod, holdt sammen av
sener, vurderer han dette veldig kÄya: “Denne KÄya er ogsÃĨ en slik
Naturen, det kommer til ÃĨ bli slik, og er ikke fri for en slik tilstand.
“
Dermed bor han pÃĨ ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt, eller han
bor
i KÄya i KÄya eksternt, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt
og eksternt; Han bor i ÃĨ observere samudayaen av fenomenene i KÄya,
eller han bor i ÃĨ observere den forbi fenomenet i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ
observere Samudaya og forbipasserende fenomen i KÄya; Ellers,
[Realizing:] “Dette er KÄya!” Sati er tilstede i ham, bare i den grad
bare ÃąÄáđa og bare Paáđissati, bor han frittliggende, og klamrer seg ikke
til noe i verden. Dermed bhikkhus, en bhikkhu bor i KÄya i KÄya.
(6)
Videre,
Bhikkhus, en bhikkhu, akkurat som om han sÃĨ en dÃļd kropp, kastet seg i
en klanjakke, frakoblet bein spredt her og der, her en hÃĨndben, det et
fotben, her en ankelben, det er en skinnben , her en lÃĨrben, der en
hofteben, her en ribbe, der en ryggben, her en ryggben, det er en
nakkeben, her en kjeveben, det en tannben, eller der skallen, han anser
dette veldig kÄya : “Denne KÄya er ogsÃĨ en slik natur, det kommer til ÃĨ
bli slik, og er ikke fri for en slik tilstand.”
Dermed
bor han i ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere
KÄya i KÄya eksternt, eller han bor i KÄya i KÄya internt og eksternt;
Han bor i ÃĨ observere samudayaen av fenomenene i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ
observere den forbi fenomenet i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere
Samudaya og forbipasserende fenomen i KÄya; Ellers, [Realizing:] “Dette
er KÄya!” Sati er tilstede i ham, bare i den grad bare ÃąÄáđa og bare
Paáđissati, bor han frittliggende, og klamrer seg ikke til noe i verden.
Dermed bhikkhus, en bhikkhu bor i KÄya i KÄya.
(7)
Videre, Bhikkhus, en Bhikkhu, akkurat som om han var
Ã
se en dÃļd kropp, kastet seg i en charneljakke, beinene whitened som en
skjell, han anser dette veldig kÄya: “Denne KÄya er ogsÃĨ en slik natur,
det kommer til ÃĨ bli slik, og er ikke fri for en slik tilstand.”
(.
Videre, Bhikkhus, en Bhikkhu, akkurat som om han var
Ã
se en dÃļd kropp, kastet bort i en klanjakke, opphevet bein over et ÃĨr
gammel, han anser dette veldig kÄya: “Denne KÄya er ogsÃĨ en slik natur,
det kommer til ÃĨ bli slik, og er ikke fri fra slike en tilstand.”
Dermed
bor han i ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere
KÄya i KÄya eksternt, eller han bor i KÄya i KÄya internt og eksternt;
Han bor i ÃĨ observere samudayaen av fenomenene i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ
observere den forbi fenomenet i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere
Samudaya og forbipasserende fenomen i KÄya; Ellers, [Realizing:] “Dette
er KÄya!” Sati er tilstede i ham, bare i den grad bare ÃąÄáđa og bare
Paáđissati, bor han frittliggende, og klamrer seg ikke til noe i verden.
Dermed bhikkhus, en bhikkhu bor i KÄya i KÄya.
(9)
Videre, Bhikkhus, en Bhikkhu, akkurat som om han var
Ã
se en dÃļd kropp, kastet seg i en charneljakke, rÃĨtten bein redusert til
pulver, han anser dette veldig kÄya: “Denne kÄya er ogsÃĨ en slik natur,
det kommer til ÃĨ bli slik, og er ikke fri for en slik tilstand . “
Dermed
bor han i ÃĨ observere KÄya i KÄya internt, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere
KÄya i KÄya eksternt, eller han bor i KÄya i KÄya internt og eksternt;
Han bor i ÃĨ observere samudayaen av fenomenene i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ
observere den forbi fenomenet i KÄya, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere
Samudaya og forbipasserende fenomen i KÄya; Ellers, [Realizing:] “Dette
er KÄya!” Sati er tilstede i ham, bare i den grad bare ÃąÄáđa og bare
Paáđissati, bor han frittliggende, og klamrer seg ikke til noe i verden.
Dermed bhikkhus, en bhikkhu bor i KÄya i KÄya.
II. Observasjon av VedanÄ.
Og dessuten Bhikkhus, hvordan observerer en Bhikkhu i VedanÄ?
Her,
Bhikkhus, en Bhikkhu, opplever en Sukha VedanÄ, Undersands: “Jeg
opplever en Sukha VedanÄ”; Oppleve en Dukkha VedanÄ, Undersands:
“Jeg
opplever en dukkha VedanÄ”; Oppleve en Adukkham-AsukhÄ VedanÄ,
Undersands: “Jeg opplever en Adukkham-AsukhÄ VedanÄ”; Oppleve en Sukha
VedanÄ SÄmisa, Undersands: “Jeg opplever en Sukha VedanÄ SÄmisa”;
Oppleve en Sukha VedanÄ NirÄmisa, Undersands:
“Jeg
opplever en Sukha VedanÄ NirÄmisa”; Oppleve en Dukkha VedanÄ SÄmisa,
Undersands: “Jeg opplever en Dukkha VedanÄ SÄmisa”; Oppleve en Dukkha
VedanÄ NirÄmisa, Undersands: “Jeg opplever en Dukkha VedanÄ NirÄmisa”;
Oppleve en Adukkham-AsukhÄ VedanÄ SÄmisa, Undersands: “Jeg opplever en
Adukkham-AsukhÄ VedanÄ SÄmisa”; Oppleve en Adukkham-AsukhÄ VedanÄ
NirÄmisa, Undersands: “Jeg opplever en Adukkham-AsukhÄ VedanÄ NirÄmisa”.
Dermed bor han pÃĨ ÃĨ observere VedanÄ i VedanÄ internt,
eller han bor i ÃĨ observere VedanÄ i Vedanen eksternt, eller han bor
observere VedanÄ i VedanÄ internt og eksternt; han bor
Ã
observere samudayaen til fenomen i VedanÄ, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere
den forbi fenomenene i VedanÄ, eller han bor i ÃĨ observere Samudaya og
forbipasserende fenomener i VedanÄ; Ellers, [Realizing:] “Dette er
vedanÄ!” Sati er tilstede i ham, bare i den grad bare ÃąÄáđa og bare
Paáđissati, bor han frittliggende, og klamrer seg ikke til noe i verden.
Dermed bhikkhus, en bhikkhu bor i VedanÄ i VedanÄ.
III. Observasjon av Citta.
Og dessuten Bhikkhus, hvordan har en Bhikkhu dwell observert Citta i Citta?
Her forstÃĨr Bhikkhus, en Bhikkhu Citta med RÄga som “Citta med RÄga”,
eller han forstÃĨr Citta uten RÄga som “Citta uten RÄga”, eller han
forstÃĨr Citta med Dosa som “Citta med Dosa”, eller han forstÃĨr Citta
uten DOSA som “Citta uten dosa”, eller han forstÃĨr Citta med Moha som
“Citta med Moha”, eller han forstÃĨr Citta uten Moha som “Citta uten
Moha”, eller han forstÃĨr en innsamlet Citta som “en samlet Citta”, eller
han forstÃĨr en spredt Citta som “en spredt citta”, eller han forstÃĨr en
utvidet Citta som “en utvidet Citta”, eller han forstÃĨr en uutvekslet
Citta som “en uutviklet Citta”, eller han forstÃĨr en overgripelig Citta
som “en overordnet Citta”, eller han forstÃĨr en uovertruffen citta som
“en uovertruffen citta”, eller han forstÃĨr en konsentrert kitta som “en
konsentrert citta”, eller han forstÃĨr en ukoncentrert citta som “en
unconcentrerte Citta”, eller han forstÃĨr en frigjort Citta som “en
frigjort citta”, eller Han forstÃĨr en koblet kitta som “en unli berated
citta “.
Dermed bor han
pÃĨ ÃĨ observere Citta i Citta internt, eller han bor i Citta i Citta
eksternt, eller han bor pÃĨ ÃĨ observere Citta i Citta internt og
eksternt; Han bor i ÃĨ observere samudayaen av fenomenene i Citta, eller
han bor i ÃĨ observere den forbi fenomenet i Citta, eller han bor i ÃĨ
observere Samudaya og forbipasserende fenomen i Citta; Ellers,
[Realizing:] “Dette er Citta!” Sati er tilstede i ham, bare i den grad
bare ÃąÄáđa og bare Paáđissati, bor han frittliggende, og klamrer seg ikke
til noe i verden. Dermed bhikkhus, en bhikkhu bor i Citta i Citta.
The
heart of the Buddhist teachings can be found in practicing the Noble
Eightfold Path. It is a guide for us to follow if we want to walk the
path of awakening and enlightenment. It consists of eight trainings that
can be summarized into three parts: the training of wisdom, morality
and meditation. It is a holistic practice in that all the eight
trainings are interrelated and each is as important as the other. The
Noble Eightfold Path involves the practice of Right View, Right
Intention, Right Speech, Right Action, Right Livelihood, Right Effort,
Right Mindfulness and Right Concentration.
Buddhism
is often referred to as a philosophy or a way of life. In this video I
explain how the Noble Eightfold Path can be integrated into our lives to
help us lead a happier life that incorporates the Buddhist principles
of peace, compassion and wisdom.
“Going for Refuge & Taking the Precepts”, by Bhikkhu Bodhi. Access to Insight, 1 December 2012, http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/au… . Retrieved on 20 October 2013.
“Brahmanavagga: The Holy Man” (Dhp XXVI), translated from the Pali by Acharya Buddharakkhita. Access to Insight, 23 April 2012, http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipita… . Retrieved on 20 October 2013.
“Vanijja
Sutta: Business (Wrong Livelihood)” (AN 5.177), translated from the
Pali by Thanissaro Bhikkhu. Access to Insight, 3 July 2010, http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipita… . Retrieved on 20 October 2013.
mahasatipatthana sutta hindi translation reading (VRI)
norbu dhundup
181 subscribers
Mahasatipatthsana Sutta
The great discourse on the establishing of awareness.
This
hindi translation was first published 1996 by Vipassana Research
Institute(VRI), Igatpuri, India. It is for the use of participants in a
meditation course on the Satipatthana Sutta, as taught by S. N. Goenka.
I
am reading independently for the purpose of education and as a
practice. It is a non-stop no edit recording. Hindi is not my native
language so please excuse some mistakes.
Furthermore,
bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, just as if he was seeing a dead body, cast away in
a charnel ground, disconnected bones scattered here and there, here a
hand bone, there a foot bone, here an ankle bone, there a shin bone,
here a thigh bone, there a hip bone, here a rib, there a back bone, here
a spine bone, there a neck bone, here a jaw bone, there a tooth bone,
or there the skull, he considers this very kÄya: âThis kÄya also is of
such a nature, it is going to become like this, and is not free from
such a condition.â âĻ
Thus
he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya internally, or he dwells observing
kÄya in kÄya externally, or he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya internally
and externally; he dwells observing the samudaya of phenomena in kÄya,
or he dwells observing the passing away of phenomena in kÄya, or he
dwells observing the samudaya and passing away of phenomena in kÄya; or
else, [realizing:] âthis is kÄya!â sati is present in him, just to the
extent of mere ÃąÄáđa and mere paáđissati, he dwells detached, and does not
cling to anything in the world. Thus, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu dwells
observing kÄya in kÄya.
(7)
Furthermore, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, just as if he was
seeing
a dead body, cast away in a charnel ground, the bones whitened like a
seashell, he considers this very kÄya: âThis kÄya also is of such a
nature, it is going to become like this, and is not free from such a
condition.â âĻ
(
Furthermore, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, just as if he was
seeing
a dead body, cast away in a charnel ground, heaped up bones over a year
old, he considers this very kÄya: âThis kÄya also is of such a nature,
it is going to become like this, and is not free from such a condition.â
âĻ
Thus he dwells
observing kÄya in kÄya internally, or he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya
externally, or he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya internally and
externally; he dwells observing the samudaya of phenomena in kÄya, or he
dwells observing the passing away of phenomena in kÄya, or he dwells
observing the samudaya and passing away of phenomena in kÄya; or else,
[realizing:] âthis is kÄya!â sati is present in him, just to the extent
of mere ÃąÄáđa and mere paáđissati, he dwells detached, and does not cling
to anything in the world. Thus, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu dwells observing
kÄya in kÄya.
(9)
Furthermore, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, just as if he was
seeing
a dead body, cast away in a charnel ground, rotten bones reduced to
powder, he considers this very kÄya: âThis kÄya also is of such a
nature, it is going to become like this, and is not free from such a
condition.â âĻ
Thus he
dwells observing kÄya in kÄya internally, or he dwells observing kÄya in
kÄya externally, or he dwells observing kÄya in kÄya internally and
externally; he dwells observing the samudaya of phenomena in kÄya, or he
dwells observing the passing away of phenomena in kÄya, or he dwells
observing the samudaya and passing away of phenomena in kÄya; or else,
[realizing:] âthis is kÄya!â sati is present in him, just to the extent
of mere ÃąÄáđa and mere paáđissati, he dwells detached, and does not cling
to anything in the world. Thus, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu dwells observing
kÄya in kÄya.
II. Observation of VedanÄ
And furthermore, bhikkhus, how does a bhikkhu dwell observing vedanÄ in vedanÄ? âĻâĻ
Here,
bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, experiencing a sukha vedanÄ, undersands: âI am
experiencing a sukha vedanÄâ; experiencing a dukkha vedanÄ, undersands:
âI
am experiencing a dukkha vedanÄâ; experiencing an adukkham-asukhÄ
vedanÄ, undersands: âI am experiencing a adukkham-asukhÄ vedanÄâ;
experiencing a sukha vedanÄ sÄmisa, undersands: âI am experiencing a
sukha vedanÄ sÄmisaâ; experiencing a sukha vedanÄ nirÄmisa, undersands:
âI
am experiencing a sukha vedanÄ nirÄmisaâ; experiencing a dukkha vedanÄ
sÄmisa, undersands: âI am experiencing a dukkha vedanÄ sÄmisaâ;
experiencing a dukkha vedanÄ nirÄmisa, undersands: âI am experiencing a
dukkha vedanÄ nirÄmisaâ; experiencing an adukkham-asukhÄ vedanÄ
sÄmisa,undersands: âI am experiencing a adukkham-asukhÄ vedanÄ sÄmisaâ;
experiencing an adukkham-asukhÄ vedanÄ nirÄmisa, undersands: âI am
experiencing a adukkham-asukhÄ vedanÄ nirÄmisaâ. âĻ
Thus he dwells observing vedanÄ in vedanÄ internally,
or he dwells observing vedanÄ in vedanÄ externally, or he dwells
observing vedanÄ in vedanÄ internally and externally; he dwells
observing
the samudaya of phenomena in vedanÄ, or he dwells observing the passing
away of phenomena in vedanÄ, or he dwells observing the samudaya and
passing away of phenomena in vedanÄ; or else, [realizing:] âthis is
vedanÄ!â sati is present in him, just to the extent of mere ÃąÄáđa and
mere paáđissati, he dwells detached, and does not cling to anything in
the world. Thus, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu dwells observing vedanÄ in vedanÄ.
mahÄ-parinibbÄna and Maha Sathipattana in 73) Classical Marathi-āĪāĨāĪēāĪūāĪļāĪŋāĪāĪē āĪŪāĪūāĪāĪ°āĨ, 74) Classical Mongolian-ÐĄÐūÐ―ÐģÐūÐīÐūÐģ ÐÐūÐ―ÐģÐūÐŧ, 75) Classical Myanmar (Burmese)-Classical áážáášáᎠ(áááŽ), 76) Classical Nepali-āĪķāĪūāĪļāĨāĪĪāĨāĪ°āĨāĪŊ āĪŪāĨāĪŊāĪūāĪāĪŪāĪūāĪ° (āĪŽāĪ°āĨāĪŪāĪū),
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Do
Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots.
Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify
Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final
Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
This
video for educational purpose only.Copyright Disclaimer Under Section
107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for “fair use” for
purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching,
scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright
statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or
personal use tips the balance in fever of fair use.All credit for
copyright material used in video goes to respected owner.
ááŊááđáááááŊáášáááŊáášá ááŽáļááŧáŽáļááūáááąáŽáášááŊáķáļáá―áūáášáážáŽáļááŧáášááŧáŽáļáááš Sutta Piáđaka-Digha NikÄyaMahÄparaPÄna Sutta
There are different theories regarding the origin of the caste system in India. The religious theory claims that the Varnas
were created from the body of the Brahma, the creator of the world. The
Brahmanas were created from his naval; the Kshatriyas from his hands;
the Vaishyas from his thighs and the Sudras from his feet.
The word âCasteâ itself stems from the Spanish and Portuguese âcastaâ, which means ârace, lineage, or breedâ.
It was applied by white colonials during the 17th century C.E. to refer to the system of social codification they witnessed existing in
South Asia.
The native terms for Caste are often âvarna (Caste group)â and âjati
(Caste)â. Each Caste group encompasses within it several individual
Castes varying in cultural and social practices, and who are limited
from structural power by their placement within the pyramid.
According to the social historical theory, the origin of caste system
finds its origin in the arrival of Aryans in India. The Aryans arrived
in India in around 1500 BC. The Aryans disregarded the local cultures.
They began conquering and taking control over regions in north India and
at the same time pushed the local people southwards or towards the
jungles and mountains in north India.
The Aryans organised themselves in three groups. The first group was
of the warriors and they were called Rajanya, later they changed its
name to Kshatriyas. The second group was of the priests and they were
called Brahmanas. These two groups struggled politically for the
leadership among the Aryans. In this struggle the Brahmanas emerged
victorious. The third group was of the farmers and craftsmen and they
were called Vaisyas. The Aryans who conquered and took control over
parts of north India subdued the locals and made them their servants.
Between the outcasts and the three Aryan Varnas there is the Sudra
Varna who are the simple workers of the society. The Sudras consisted of
two communities. One was of the locals who were subdued by the Aryans
and the other was the descendant of Aryans with locals.
In Hindu religious stories there are many wars between the good
Aryans and the dark skinned demons and devils. The different Gods also
have dark skinned slaves. There are stories of demon women trying to
seduce good Aryan men in deceptive ways. There were also marriages
between Aryan heroes and demon women. Many believe that these incidents
really occurred in which, the Gods and the positive heroes were people
of Aryan origin. And the demons, the devils and the dark skinned slaves
were in fact the original residence of India whom the Aryans coined as
monsters, devil, demons and slaves.
Like most societies of the world, in India also the son inherited his
fatherâs profession. And so there developed families, who professed the
same family profession for generation in which, the son continued his
fatherâs profession. Later on as these families became larger, they were
seen as communities or Jatis. Different families who professed the same
profession developed social relations between them and organised as a
common community, meaning Jati.
Later on the Aryans who created the caste system, added to their
system non-Aryans. Different Jatis who professed different professions
were integrated in different Varnas according to their profession. Other
foreign invaders, who conquered parts of India and created kingdoms,
were integrated in the Kshatriya Varna (warrior castes). But probably
the Aryan policy was not to integrate original Indian communities within
them and therefore many aristocratic and warrior communities that were
in India before the Aryans did not get the Kshatriya status.
Castes In India
Caste apartheid is the system of religiously codified exclusion that
was established in Hindu scripture. Hindu origin myths state that
different people were created from different parts of God Brahmaâs body
and were to be ranked hierarchically according to ritual status, purity,
and occupation. By this system, everyone at birth, is ranked with a
Caste. Crucially, Caste is inherited from the family one is born into
and is unalterable throughout that personâs life.
There are four main Caste groups. Those at the very top are Brahmins,
who have traditionally been priests, scriptural knowledge-keepers and
legislators. Below them in status are the Kshatriyas, who were kings and
warriors. They are followed by Vaishyas, or the merchant classes.
People in these three Caste groups are often referred to as the âupperâ
Castes. Those at the bottom of the Caste hierarchy are Shudras or
traditional peasants. Many Shudras are also termed âOppressed Castesâ.
Outside the 4-Caste group structure are people considered lower than the
lowest of Castes.
They go by the term Dalit (meaning âbrokenâ but âresilientâ),
formerly known as âuntouchablesâ and the Adivasis, or the indigenous
peoples of South Asia. Together these Caste-oppressed groups continue to
experience profound injustices including socioeconomic inequalities,
usurpation of their land, rights, and brutal violence.
The Caste one belongs to can determine your perceived level of ritual
purity or pollution and goes on to determine the outcomes of your whole
life â from where one can live and die, to what one can eat, what oneâs
occupation can be, and even who one can marry. The âUntouchablesâ in
particular, are embroiled in a system of Caste apartheid even today.
Their experience is made up of segregated ghettos, banned from places of
worship, and denied access to schools and other public amenities
including water and roads.
This entire system is enforced by violence and maintained by one of the
oldest, most persistent cultures of impunity throughout South Asia, most
notably in India, where despite the contemporary illegality of the
system, it has persisted and thrived for 2,500 years.
There
are different theories regarding the origin of the caste system in
India. The religious theory claims that the Varnas were created from the
body of the Brahma, the creator of the world. The Brahmanas were
created from his naval; the Kshatriyas from his hands; the Vaishyas from
his thighs and the Sudras from his feet.
The word âCasteâ itself stems from the Spanish and Portuguese âcastaâ,
which means ârace, lineage, or
breedâ.
It
was applied by white colonials during the 17th century C.E. to refer to
the system of social codification they witnessed existing in South
Asia.
mahÄ-parinibbÄna and Maha Sathipattana in69) Classical Malay-Melayu Klasik, 70) Classical Malayalam-āīāĩāīēāīūāīļāīŋāīāĩāīāĩ― āīŪāīēāīŊāīūāīģāī, 71) Classical Maltese-Klassiku Malti, 72) Classical Maori-Maori Maori,
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Do
Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots.
Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify
Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final
Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Arahan terakhir dalam kata-kata Buddha sebut harga di Sutta Piáđaka-Digha NikÄya MahÄparinibbÄna sutta
DN 16 - (D II 137)
MahÄparinibbÄna Sutta.
{excerpts}
Arahan terakhir oleh Buddha di MahÄ-ParinibbÄna
Sutta
ini mengumpulkan pelbagai arahan, Buddha memberikan demi para pengikut
setelah ia meninggal dunia, yang menjadikannya satu set arahan yang
sangat penting bagi kita sekarang ini.
Aku
akan menjelaskan wacana di Dhamma yang disebut DhammÄdÄsa, yang
memiliki yang mana AriyasÄvaka, jika dia begitu berhasrat, dapat
menyatakan dirinya sendiri: ‘Bagi saya, tidak ada lagi Niraya, tidak
lagi TiracchÄna-Yoni, tidak lagi Pettivisaya, tidak Lebih banyak keadaan
tidak puas hati, kemalangan, kesengsaraan, saya seorang SotÄpanna,
secara alamiah bebas dari keadaan kesengsaraan, yang pasti ditakdirkan
untuk Sambodhi.
Dan apa, Änanda, adalah
bahawa
wacana di Dhamma yang dipanggil DhammÄdÄsa, yang dimiliki AriyasÄvaka,
jika dia begitu berhasrat, boleh menyatakan dirinya sendiri: ‘Bagi saya,
tidak ada lagi Niraya, tidak lagi TiracchÄna-Yoni, tidak ada lagi
Pettivisaya, tidak ada lagi keadaan Kesakitan, kemalangan, kesengsaraan,
I. Adakah SotÄpanna, secara semula jadi bebas dari keadaan
kesengsaraan, yang pasti ditakdirkan untuk Sambodhi?
Di sini, Änanda, AriyasÄvaka diberkati dengan Buddhe AveccappasÄda:
Dia dikurniakan Dhamme AveccappasÄda:
Dia dikurniakan dengan Saáđ he AveccappasÄda:
Dia dikurniakan dengan SÄŦla yang sesuai dengan Ariyas,
Ini,
Änanda, adalah wacana di Dhamma yang disebut DhammÄdÄsa, yang dimiliki
AriyasÄvaka, jika dia begitu berhasrat, boleh menyatakan dirinya
sendiri: ‘Bagi saya, tidak ada lagi Niraya, tidak lagi TiracchÄna-Yoni,
tidak lagi Pettivisaya , Tidak ada lagi keadaan yang tidak senang,
kemalangan, kesengsaraan, saya seorang SotÄpanna, secara semula jadi
bebas dari keadaan kesengsaraan, yang pasti ditakdirkan untuk Sambodhi.
Sato sekiranya anda kekal, Bhikkhu, dan SampajÄnos. Inilah pencerobohan kami kepada anda.
Dan bagaimana, Bhikkhu, adalah bhikkhu sato? Di sini, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu
Oleh itu, Bhikkhu, adalah Sato Bhikkhu. Dan bagaimana, Bhikkhu, adalah bhikkhu SampajÄno? Di sini, Bhikkhu,
Oleh
itu, Bhikkhu, adalah Bhikkhu SampajÄno. Sato sekiranya anda kekal,
Bhikkhu, dan SampajÄnos. Inilah pencerobohan kami kepada anda.
- Ananda, The Twin Sala
Pokok-pokok
adalah mekar penuh, walaupun ia bukan musim berbunga. Dan hujan-bunga
hujan di atas tubuh Tathagata dan jatuh dan berselerak dan berselerak di
atasnya dalam menyembah Tathagata. Dan bunga karang langit dan serbuk
cendana surgawi dari langit hujan turun ke atas tubuh Tathagata, dan
jatuh dan menyerakkan dan berselerak di atasnya dalam penyembahan
Tathagata. Dan bunyi suara surgawi dan instrumen surgawi membuat muzik
di udara dari penghormatan untuk Tathagata.
Ia
bukan oleh ini, Änanda, bahawa TathÄgata dihormati, dihormati,
dihormati, dibayar penghormatan dan dihormati. Tetapi, Ananda, mana-mana
Bhikkhu atau Bhikkhuni, orang awam atau orang awam, yang tinggal
Dhamm’Änudhamma’p'pa áđpapanna, SÄmÄŦci’p'paáđipanna,
Hidup
mengikut Dhamma, yang menghormati, menghormati, menghargai, memberi
penghormatan, dan menghormati TathÄgata dengan penghormatan yang paling
baik. Oleh itu, Änanda, anda harus melatih diri anda dengan demikian:
‘Kami akan tetap Dhamm’Änudhamma’p'pa áđpapanna, SÄmÄŦci’p'paáđipanna,
hidup sesuai dengan Dhamma’.
Bhagawan Buddha berkata
“Saudara-saudara
saya, ada dua ekstrem yang orang di jalan harus dielakkan. Yang mana
dua? Satu adalah untuk menjunam diri menjadi kesenangan sensual. Dan
yang lain adalah untuk mengamalkan penjimatan yang menafikan tubuh
keperluannya. Kedua-dua ekstrem ini membawa kepada kegagalan.
“Jalan
yang saya dapati adalah jalan tengah, yang mengelakkan kedua-dua
ekstrem dan mempunyai keupayaan untuk memimpin seseorang untuk memahami,
membebaskan, dan kedamaian. Ia adalah laluan lapan kali ganda pemahaman
yang betul, pemikiran yang betul, ucapan yang tepat, tindakan yang
betul, kehidupan yang tepat, usaha yang betul, kesedaran yang betul dan
kepekatan yang betul. Saya telah mengikuti laluan lapan kali ganda ini
dan telah menyedari pemahaman, pembebasan dan kedamaian.
Yang
pertama adalah kewujudan penderitaan. Kelahiran, usia tua, penyakit,
dan kematian menderita. Kesedihan, kemarahan, cemburu, bimbang,
kebimbangan, ketakutan, dan keputusasaan menderita. Pemisahan dari orang
yang disayangi adalah penderitaan. Persatuan dengan orang yang anda
tidak suka adalah penderitaan. Keinginan, lampiran, dan berpaut kepada
lima agregat menderita.
“Saudara-saudara, kebenaran kedua mendedahkan penyebab penderitaan.
Kerana kejahilan, orang tidak dapat melihat kebenaran tentang kehidupan,
dan mereka ditangkap dalam api keinginan, kemarahan, kecemburuan,
kesedihan, bimbang, ketakutan, dan putus asa.
“Saudara-saudara, kebenaran ketiga adalah pemberhentian penderitaan.
Memahami kebenaran kehidupan membawa pemberhentian setiap kesedihan dan kesedihan dan menimbulkan kedamaian dan kegembiraan.
“Saudara-saudara, kebenaran keempat adalah jalan yang membawa kepada
pemberhentian penderitaan. Ia adalah jalan lapan kali ganda, yang baru
saya jelaskan. Laluan lapan kali ganda dipelihara dengan hidup.
Kesedaran membawa kepada kepekatan dan pemahaman, dengan membebaskan
anda dari setiap kesakitan dan kesedihan dan membawa kepada kedamaian
dan kegembiraan. Saya akan membimbing anda di sepanjang jalan ini.
“Visi timbul, wawasan timbul, pengertian timbul, pengetahuan timbul,
pencahayaan timbul di dalam saya berkenaan dengan perkara-perkara yang
tidak pernah didengar sebelum ini: ‘Kebenaran yang mulia ini telah
difahami.’
“Kebenaran
mulia pemberhentian tekanan: pemudaran lengkap & pemberhentian,
penolakan, pelepasan, pembebasan, & melepaskan keinginan yang
sangat. Kebenaran mulia ini dari pemberhentian tekanan telah
direalisasikan. Ini adalah kebenaran mulia cara berlatih yang membawa
kepada pemberhentian tekanan.
“Sebaik
sahaja pengetahuan & penglihatan saya mengenai empat kebenaran yang
mulia ini kerana mereka telah benar-benar murni, maka saya telah
mendakwa telah terus membangkitkan ke arah kebangkitan diri yang tidak
terkena di dalam kosmos dengan semua panduan yang tidak kelihatan,
kontemplasi, Brahmans, Royalty & Commonfolk. Pengetahuan &
penglihatan timbul dalam saya: ‘Tidak terganggu adalah pembebasan saya.
Ini adalah kelahiran saya yang terakhir. Sekarang tidak ada kewujudan
yang diperbaharui. “
Walaupun
Siddhartha menjelaskan keempat kebenaran mulia, salah seorang sami,
Kondanna tiba-tiba merasakan bersinar yang hebat dalam fikirannya
sendiri. Dia boleh merasakan pembebasan yang telah dia cari untuk sekian
lama. Mukanya bersemangat dengan kegembiraan. Buddha menunjuk kepadanya
dan menangis, “Kondanna! Awak dah dapat! Awak dah dapat!”
Kondanna
menyertai telapak tangannya dan tunduk sebelum Siddhartha. Dengan rasa
hormat yang mendalam, dia bercakap, “Gautama yang dihormati, sila terima
saya sebagai murid anda. Saya tahu bahawa di bawah bimbingan anda, saya
akan mencapai kebangkitan yang hebat. “
Empat
rahib lain juga membungkuk di kaki Siddhartha, menyertai telapak tangan
mereka, dan diminta untuk diterima sebagai murid. Siddhartha berkata,
“Saudara-saudara! Anak-anak kampung telah memberikan saya nama ‘Buddha. ”
Anda juga boleh memanggil saya dengan nama itu jika anda suka. “
Kondanna bertanya, “Tidak ‘Buddha’ bermaksud ‘orang yang terbangun’?”
“Itu betul, dan mereka memanggil jalan yang saya dapati ‘cara kebangkitan.’ Apa yang anda fikirkan nama ini?”
“‘Orang
yang terbangun’! ‘Cara membangkitkan’! Indah! Indah! Nama-nama ini
benar, namun mudah. Kami dengan senang hati akan menghubungi anda
Buddha, dan jalan yang anda dapati cara kebangkitan. Seperti yang anda
katakan, hidup setiap hari dengan sungguh-sungguh adalah asas amalan
rohani. ” Lima bhikkhu adalah satu minda untuk menerima Gautama sebagai
guru mereka dan memanggilnya Buddha.
Buddha
tersenyum kepada mereka. ” Tolong, bersaudara, berlatih dengan semangat
terbuka dan bijak, dan dalam masa tiga bulan anda akan mencapai buah
pembebasan. ”
Berduka atau Bersuka dengan Kematian - B. Uttamo
BODHIGIRI BALEREJO
25.7K subscribers
Memaknai Kehidupan, Mempersiapkan Kematian
Oleh Bhikkhu Uttamo
Di Vihara Dharma Suci, PIK
15 Desember 2019
Untuk mendapatkan informasi lebih lengkap tentang pelaksanaan Dhamma dalam kehidupan sehari-hari,
Kata-kata Buddha menyebutkan pada kehadiran kesedaran
MahÄ + SatipaáđáđhÄna.
Agama, kaum, kasta, ketidaksamaan,
Berada di sana
Ada di sana
Dan
Akan terus berada di sana!
Dr B.R.ambedkar Thundered “Main Bharat Baudhmay Karunga.” (Saya akan menjadikan negara ini Buddha)
Semua
masyarakat yang dibangkitkan Aborigin, Thunder menggembirakan “Hum
Prapanch Prabuddha Prapanchmay Karunge.” (Kami akan menjadikan seluruh
dunia prabuddha prapanch
Ini akan berlaku
PERCUMA
Online Prabuddha Intelektual Konvensyen dalam membangkitkan kata-kata
sendiri untuk kebajikan, kebahagiaan dan kedamaian untuk semua
masyarakat dan bagi mereka untuk mencapai kebahagiaan kekal sebagai
matlamat akhir melalui MAHA + SatipaáđáđhÄna- Kehadiran kesedaran dengan
pemerhatian seksyen KÄya pada ÄnÄpÄna, postur, SampajaÃąa, Penolakan,
unsur-unsur, sembilan pukulan, dari VedanÄ dan Citta
Kemudian
Agama, kaum, kasta dan ketidaksamaan
Tidak akan berada di sana!
Tipitaka.
DN 22 - (D II 290)
MahÄsatipaáđáđhÄna sutta.
Kehadiran kesedaran oleh Buddha
MahÄ + SatipaáđáđhÄna.
Sutta ini secara meluas dianggap sebagai rujukan utama untuk amalan meditasi.
Pengenalan
I. Pemerhatian KÄya
A. Bahagian pada ÄnÄpÄna
B. Seksyen pada postur
C. Seksyen di SampajaÃąa
D. Seksyen mengenai Penolakan
E. Seksyen pada unsur-unsur
F. Seksyen di sembilan kawasan CHARNEL
Ii. Pemerhatian VedanÄ.
Pengenalan
Oleh itu, saya dengar:
Pada
satu ketika, BhagavÄ tinggal di kalangan kurus di KammÄsadhamma, sebuah
bandar pasaran Kurus. Di sana, dia membincangkan Bhikkhu:
- Bhikkhu.
- Bhaddante menjawab Bhikkhu. The BhagavÄ berkata:
- Ini,
Bhikkhu, adalah jalan yang membawa kepada apa-apa tetapi pemurnian
Makhluk-makhluk,
yang mengatasi kesedihan dan lamutan, kehilangan Dukkha-Domanassa,
pencapaian jalan yang betul, kesedaran NibbÄna, iaitu empat
SatipaáđáđhÄnas.
Yang mana empat?
Di sini, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu Dwells Mengamati KÄya di KÄya, ÄtÄpÄŦ
SampajÄno, SatimÄ, setelah memberikan AbhijjhÄ-domanasa ke arah dunia.
Dia
tinggal mengamati VedanÄ di VedanÄ, ÄtÄpÄŦ SampajÄno, SatimÄ, setelah
memberikan AbhijjhÄ-domanasa ke arah dunia. Dia tinggal mengamati Citta
di Citta, ÄtÄpÄŦ SampajÄno, SatimÄ, setelah memberikan AbhijjhÄ-domanasa
ke arah dunia. Dia tinggal mengamati Dhamma · S di Dhamma, ÄtÄpÄŦ
SampajÄno, SatimÄ, setelah memberikan AbhijjhÄ-domanasa ke arah dunia.
I. KÄyÄnupassanÄ.
A. Bahagian pada ÄnÄpÄna
Dan
Bagaimana,
Bhikkhu, Adakah Bhikkhu Dwell Mengamati KÄya di KÄya? Di sini, Bhikkhu,
seorang Bhikkhu, yang pergi ke hutan atau telah pergi ke akar pokok
atau telah pergi ke bilik kosong, duduk di bawah melipat kaki melintang,
menetapkan KÄya tegak, dan menetapkan Sati Parimukhaáđ. Oleh itu, Sato
dia bernafas, oleh itu Sato dia bernafas. Bernafas dalam masa yang lama
dia faham: ‘Saya bernafas dalam panjang’; bernafas lama dia faham: ‘Saya
bernafas panjang’; Pernafasan Pendek kata dia memahami: ‘Saya bernafas
pendek’; bernafas pendek dia faham: ‘Saya bernafas pendek’; Dia melatih
dirinya sendiri: ‘Merasa KÄya, saya akan bernafas dalam’; Dia melatih
dirinya sendiri: ‘Merasakan seluruh kÄya, saya akan bernafas’; Dia
melatih dirinya sendiri: ‘Menenangkan KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, saya akan bernafas
dalam’; Dia melatih dirinya sendiri: ‘Menenangkan KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, saya
akan bernafas’.
Hanya
Sebagai,
Bhikkhu, seorang turner yang mahir atau pelatih Turner, membuat giliran
yang panjang, memahami: ‘Saya membuat giliran yang panjang’; Membuat
giliran pendek, dia memahami: ‘Saya membuat giliran pendek’; Dengan cara
yang sama, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu, bernafas dalam panjang, memahami: ‘Saya
bernafas dalam jangka panjang’; bernafas lama dia faham: ‘Saya bernafas
panjang’; Pernafasan Pendek kata dia memahami: ‘Saya bernafas pendek’;
bernafas pendek dia faham: ‘Saya bernafas pendek’; Dia melatih dirinya
sendiri: ‘Merasakan seluruh kÄya, saya akan bernafas dalam’; Dia melatih
dirinya sendiri: ‘Merasakan seluruh kÄya, saya akan bernafas’; Dia
melatih dirinya sendiri: ‘Menenangkan KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, saya akan bernafas
dalam’; Dia melatih dirinya sendiri: ‘Menenangkan KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, saya
akan bernafas’.
Oleh itu, dia tinggal mengamati KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman,
Atau
dia tinggal mengamati KÄya di KÄya secara luaran, atau dia tinggal
mengamati KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman dan luaran; Dia tinggal memerhati
Samudaya dari fenomena di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati yang
meninggal dunia di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dan
meninggal dunia dalam KÄya; Atau, [menyedari:] “Ini adalah KÄya!” Sati
hadir di dalamnya, hanya setakat ÃąÄáđa dan hanya Paáđissati, dia tinggal
terpisah, dan tidak berpegang pada apa-apa di dunia. Oleh itu, Bhikkhu, A
Bhikkhu tinggal memerhati KÄya di KÄya.
B. IriyÄpatha Pabba.
Tambahan pula,
Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu, semasa berjalan, memahami: ‘Saya berjalan’, atau
Semasa berdiri dia faham: ‘Saya berdiri’, atau sambil duduk dia
Memahami:
‘Saya duduk’, atau ketika berbaring dia memahami: ‘Saya berbaring’.
Atau, di mana kedudukannya KÄyat dilupuskan, dia memahami dengan
sewajarnya.
C. Seksyen di SampajaÃąa
Tambahan pula,
Bhikkhu,
A Bhikkhu, sambil mendekati dan ketika berlepas, bertindak dengan
SampajaÃąa, sambil memandang ke depan dan ketika melihat-lihat, dia
bertindak dengan SampajaÃąÃąa, sambil membongkok dan semasa meregangkan,
dia bertindak dengan SampajaÃąa, sambil memakai jubah dan jubah atas dan
semasa membawa Bowl, dia bertindak dengan SampajaÃąa, semasa makan,
semasa minum, ketika mengunyah, ketika merasa, dia bertindak dengan
SampajaÃąa, sambil menghadiri perniagaan membuang air besar dan membuang
air kecil, dia bertindak dengan SampajaÃąa, ketika berjalan, sementara
berdiri, sambil duduk, sementara Tidur, sambil terjaga, sambil bercakap
dan ketika diam, dia bertindak dengan SampajaÃąa.
Oleh itu, dia tinggal mengamati KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman, atau dia
Dwells
memerhati KÄya di KÄya secara luaran, atau dia tinggal memerhati KÄya
di KÄya secara dalaman dan luaran; Dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dari
fenomena di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati yang meninggal dunia di
KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dan meninggal dunia dalam
KÄya; Atau, [menyedari:] “Ini adalah KÄya!” Sati hadir di dalamnya,
hanya setakat ÃąÄáđa dan hanya Paáđissati, dia tinggal terpisah, dan tidak
berpegang pada apa-apa di dunia. Oleh itu, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu tinggal
memerhati KÄya di KÄya.
D. Seksyen mengenai Penolakan
Tambahan pula,
Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu menganggap tubuh ini sangat, dari tapak sol
kaki
ke atas dan dari rambut di kepala ke bawah, yang dibatasi oleh kulitnya
dan penuh dengan pelbagai jenis kekotoran: “Dalam kÄya ini, ada rambut
kepala, rambut badan, kuku, gigi, kulit, daging ,
Paru-paru, Usus, Mesti, Perut dengan Kandungan, Najher, Bukul,
kahak, nanah, darah, peluh, lemak, air mata, gris, air liur, lendir hidung,
cecair sinovial dan air kencing. “
Sama
seperti, Bhikkhu, terdapat sebuah beg yang mempunyai dua bukaan dan
penuh dengan pelbagai jenis bijirin, seperti bukit-padi, padi, kacang
hijau, kacang-kacangan, biji wijen dan nasi sekelas. Seorang lelaki yang
mempunyai penglihatan yang baik, setelah melepaskannya, akan
mempertimbangkan [kandungannya]: “Ini adalah bukit-bukit, ini adalah
padi, mereka adalah kacang-kacangan, mereka adalah kacang-kacangan,
mereka adalah biji wijen dan ini adalah nasi yang mengeluh;” Dengan cara
yang sama, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu menganggap tubuh ini, dari tapak kaki ke
atas dan dari rambut di kepala ke bawah,
yang dibatasi oleh kulitnya dan penuh dengan pelbagai jenis kekotoran:
“Dalam kÄya ini, terdapat rambut kepala, rambut badan,
Kuku,
gigi, kulit, daging, tendon, tulang, sumsum tulang, ginjal, jantung,
hati, pleura, limpa, paru-paru, usus, mesentery, perut dengan
kandungannya, najis, hempedu, kahak, nanah, darah, peluh, lemak, Air
mata, gris, air liur, lendir hidung, cecair sinovial dan air kencing. “
Oleh itu, dia tinggal mengamati KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman, atau dia
Dwells
memerhati KÄya di KÄya secara luaran, atau dia tinggal memerhati KÄya
di KÄya secara dalaman dan luaran; Dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dari
fenomena di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati yang meninggal dunia di
KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dan meninggal dunia dalam
KÄya; Atau, [menyedari:] “Ini adalah KÄya!” Sati mempersembahkannya,
hanya setakat ini, dan hanya Paáđissati, dia tinggal terpisah, dan tidak
berpegang pada apa-apa di dunia. Oleh itu, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu tinggal
memerhati KÄya di KÄya.
E. Seksyen pada unsur-unsur
Tambahan pula,
Bhikkhu, Bhikkhu mencerminkan pada ini yang sangat kÄya, namun ia diletakkan,
Walau bagaimanapun, ia dilupuskan: “Dalam kÄya ini, terdapat unsur bumi,
Elemen air, elemen api dan unsur udara. “
Sama
seperti, Bhikkhu, tukang daging yang mahir atau perantis tukang daging,
setelah membunuh seekor lembu, akan duduk di persimpangan jalan
memotongnya; Dengan cara yang sama, Bhikkhu, bhikkhu mencerminkan angat
ini sangat kÄya, namun ia diletakkan, namun ia dilupuskan: “Di dalamnya,
terdapat unsur bumi, unsur air, elemen api dan unsur udara.”
Oleh
itu, dia tinggal mengamati KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman, atau dia
tinggal mengamati KÄya di KÄya secara luaran, atau dia tinggal
Mengamati
KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman dan luaran; Dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya
dari fenomena di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati yang meninggal dunia
di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dan meninggal dunia dalam
KÄya; Atau, [menyedari:] “Ini adalah KÄya!” Sati hadir di dalamnya,
hanya setakat ÃąÄáđa dan semata-mata Paáđissati, dia tinggal terpisah, dan
tidak berpegang pada apa-apa di dunia. Dia tinggal diam mengamati KÄya
di KÄya;
(1)
Tambahan pula,
Bhikkhu,
seorang Bhikkhu, seolah-olah dia melihat sebuah mayat, melepaskan diri
di dalam sebuah tanah, satu hari mati, atau dua hari mati atau tiga hari
mati, bengkak, kebiruan dan fester, dia menganggap ini sangat kÄya:
“Ini kÄya ini Juga bersifat seperti itu, ia akan menjadi seperti ini,
dan tidak bebas dari keadaan sedemikian. “
Oleh
itu, dia tinggal mengamati KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman, atau dia
tinggal memerhati KÄya di KÄya secara luaran, atau dia tinggal memerhati
KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman dan luaran; Dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya
dari fenomena di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati yang meninggal dunia
di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dan meninggal dunia dalam
KÄya; Atau, [menyedari:] “Ini adalah KÄya!” Sati hadir di dalamnya,
hanya setakat ÃąÄáđa dan hanya Paáđissati, dia tinggal terpisah, dan tidak
berpegang pada apa-apa di dunia. Oleh itu, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu tinggal
memerhati KÄya di KÄya.
(2)
Tambahan pula,
Bhikkhu,
seorang Bhikkhu, seolah-olah dia melihat sebuah mayat, melemparkan di
tanah yang dibuang, dimakan oleh burung gagak, yang dimakan oleh Hawks,
dimakan oleh burung hantu, yang dimakan oleh orang-orang yang dimakan,
dimakan oleh anjing, yang dimakan oleh Harimau, yang dimakan oleh
Panthers, dimakan oleh pelbagai jenis makhluk, Dia menganggap ini sangat
KÄya: “KÄya ini juga bersifat seperti itu, ia akan menjadi seperti ini,
dan tidak bebas dari keadaan sedemikian.”
Oleh
itu, dia tinggal mengamati KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman, atau dia
tinggal memerhati KÄya di KÄya secara luaran, atau dia tinggal memerhati
KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman dan luaran; Dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya
dari fenomena di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati meninggal dunia di
KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dan
melepaskan
fenomena di KÄya; Atau, [menyedari:] “Ini adalah KÄya!” Sati hadir di
dalamnya, hanya setakat ÃąÄáđa dan hanya Paáđissati, dia tinggal terpisah,
dan tidak berpegang pada apa-apa di dunia. Oleh itu, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu
tinggal memerhati KÄya di KÄya.
(3)
Tambahan
pula, Bhikkhu, seorang Bhikkhu, seolah-olah dia melihat sebuah mayat,
membuangnya di sebuah tanah celah, squeleton dengan daging dan darah,
dipegang bersama oleh tendon, dia menganggap ini sangat KÄya: “KÄya ini
juga adalah seperti itu Alam, ia akan menjadi seperti ini, dan tidak
bebas dari keadaan sedemikian. “
Oleh itu, dia tinggal mengamati KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman, atau dia
Dwells
memerhati KÄya di KÄya secara luaran, atau dia tinggal memerhati KÄya
di KÄya secara dalaman dan luaran; Dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dari
fenomena di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati yang meninggal dunia di
KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dan meninggal dunia dalam
KÄya; Atau, [menyedari:] “Ini adalah KÄya!” Sati hadir di dalamnya,
hanya setakat ÃąÄáđa dan hanya Paáđissati, dia tinggal terpisah, dan tidak
berpegang pada apa-apa di dunia. Oleh itu, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu tinggal
memerhati KÄya di KÄya.
(4)
Tambahan pula,
Bhikkhu,
A Bhikkhu, seolah-olah dia melihat sebuah mayat, melepaskan diri di
tanah celah, squeleton tanpa daging dan dihirup dengan darah, dipegang
bersama oleh tendon, dia menganggap ini sangat KÄya: “KÄya ini juga
adalah seperti itu Alam, ia akan menjadi seperti ini, dan tidak bebas
dari keadaan sedemikian. “
Oleh
itu, dia tinggal mengamati KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman, atau dia
tinggal memerhati KÄya di KÄya secara luaran, atau dia tinggal memerhati
KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman dan luaran; Dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya
dari fenomena di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati yang meninggal dunia
di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dan meninggal dunia dalam
KÄya; Atau, [menyedari:] “Ini adalah KÄya!” Sati hadir di dalamnya,
hanya setakat ÃąÄáđa dan hanya Paáđissati, dia tinggal terpisah, dan tidak
berpegang pada apa-apa di dunia. Oleh itu, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu tinggal
memerhati KÄya di KÄya.
(5)
Tambahan
pula, Bhikkhu, seorang Bhikkhu, seolah-olah dia melihat sebuah badan
yang mati, melepaskan diri di sebuah tanah, squeleton tanpa daging atau
darah, dipegang bersama oleh tendon, dia menganggap ini sangat KÄya:
“KÄya ini juga adalah seperti itu Alam, ia akan menjadi seperti ini, dan
tidak bebas dari keadaan sedemikian. “
Oleh itu, dia tinggal mengamati KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman, atau dia
Dwells
memerhati KÄya di KÄya secara luaran, atau dia tinggal memerhati KÄya
di KÄya secara dalaman dan luaran; Dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dari
fenomena di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati yang meninggal dunia di
KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dan meninggal dunia dalam
KÄya; Atau, [menyedari:] “Ini adalah KÄya!” Sati hadir di dalamnya,
hanya setakat ÃąÄáđa dan hanya Paáđissati, dia tinggal terpisah, dan tidak
berpegang pada apa-apa di dunia. Oleh itu, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu tinggal
memerhati KÄya di KÄya.
(6)
Tambahan
pula, Bhikkhu, seorang Bhikkhu, seolah-olah dia melihat sebuah mayat,
melemparkan di sebuah tanah yang terputus, tulang terputus yang tersebar
di sini dan di sini, di sini tulang tangan, ada tulang kaki, di sini
tulang pergelangan kaki, ada tulang shin , di sini tulang paha, ada
tulang pinggul, di sini tulang rusuk, ada tulang belakang, di sini
tulang tulang belakang, ada tulang leher, di sini tulang rahang, ada
tulang gigi, atau di sana tengkorak, dia menganggap ini sangat kÄya :
“KÄya ini juga bersifat seperti itu, ia akan menjadi seperti ini, dan
tidak bebas dari keadaan sedemikian.”
Oleh
itu, dia tinggal mengamati KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman, atau dia
tinggal memerhati KÄya di KÄya secara luaran, atau dia tinggal memerhati
KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman dan luaran; Dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya
dari fenomena di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati yang meninggal dunia
di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dan meninggal dunia dalam
KÄya; Atau, [menyedari:] “Ini adalah KÄya!” Sati hadir di dalamnya,
hanya setakat ÃąÄáđa dan hanya Paáđissati, dia tinggal terpisah, dan tidak
berpegang pada apa-apa di dunia. Oleh itu, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu tinggal
memerhati KÄya di KÄya.
(7)
Tambahan pula, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu, seolah-olah dia
Melihat
sebuah mayat, melepaskan diri di dalam sebuah tanah celah,
tulang-tulang itu memusnahkan seperti kerang, dia menganggap ini sangat:
“KÄya ini juga bersifat seperti itu, ia akan menjadi seperti ini, dan
tidak bebas dari a keadaan. “
(.
Tambahan pula, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu, seolah-olah dia
Melihat
sebuah badan yang mati, melepaskan diri di sebuah kawasan celah,
menimbulkan tulang berusia lebih setahun, dia menganggap ini sangat:
“KÄya ini juga bersifat seperti itu, ia akan menjadi seperti ini, dan
tidak bebas dari itu keadaan.”
Oleh
itu, dia tinggal mengamati KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman, atau dia
tinggal memerhati KÄya di KÄya secara luaran, atau dia tinggal memerhati
KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman dan luaran; Dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya
dari fenomena di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati yang meninggal dunia
di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dan meninggal dunia dalam
KÄya; Atau, [menyedari:] “Ini adalah KÄya!” Sati hadir di dalamnya,
hanya setakat ÃąÄáđa dan hanya Paáđissati, dia tinggal terpisah, dan tidak
berpegang pada apa-apa di dunia. Oleh itu, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu tinggal
memerhati KÄya di KÄya.
(9)
Tambahan pula, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu, seolah-olah dia
Melihat
sebuah mayat, melepaskan diri di sebuah tanah celah, tulang busuk
dikurangkan menjadi serbuk, dia menganggap ini sangat K Dia: “KÄya ini
juga bersifat seperti itu, ia akan menjadi seperti ini, dan tidak bebas
dari keadaan sedemikian . “
Oleh
itu, dia tinggal mengamati KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman, atau dia
tinggal memerhati KÄya di KÄya secara luaran, atau dia tinggal memerhati
KÄya di KÄya secara dalaman dan luaran; Dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya
dari fenomena di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati yang meninggal dunia
di KÄya, atau dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dan meninggal dunia dalam
KÄya; Atau, [menyedari:] “Ini adalah KÄya!” Sati hadir di dalamnya,
hanya setakat ÃąÄáđa dan hanya Paáđissati, dia tinggal terpisah, dan tidak
berpegang pada apa-apa di dunia. Oleh itu, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu tinggal
memerhati KÄya di KÄya.
Ii. Pemerhatian VedanÄ.
Dan Tambahan pula, Bhikkhu, bagaimana seorang Bhikkhu tinggal di VedanÄ di VedanÄ?
Di
sini, Bhikkhu, seorang Bhikkhu, mengalami Sukha VedanÄ, Undersands:
“Saya mengalami Sukha VedanÄ”; Mengalami Dukkha VedanÄ, Undersands:
“Saya
mengalami Dukkha VedanÄ”; Mengalami Adukkham-AsukhÄ VedanÄ, Undersands:
“Saya mengalami adukkham-asukhÄ vedanÄ”; Mengalami Sukha VedanÄ SÄmisa,
Undersands: “Saya mengalami Sukha VedanÄ SÄmisa”; Mengalami Sukha
VedanÄ NirÄmisa, Undersands:
“Saya
mengalami Sukha VedanÄ NirÄmisa”; Mengalami Dukkha VedanÄ SÄmisa,
Undersands: “Saya mengalami Dukkha VedanÄ SÄmisa”; Mengalami Dukkha
VedanÄ NirÄmisa, Undersands: “Saya mengalami Dukkha VedanÄ NirÄmisa”;
Mengalami Adukkham-AsukhÄ VedanÄ SÄmisa, Undersands: “Saya mengalami
adukkham-asukhÄ vedanÄ sÄmisa”; Mengalami Adukkham-AsukhÄ VedanÄ
NirÄmisa, Undersands: “Saya mengalami adukkham-asukhÄ vedanÄ nirÄmisa”.
Oleh itu, dia tinggal mengamati VedanÄ di VedanÄ secara dalaman,
atau dia tinggal mengamati VedanÄ di VedanÄ secara luaran, atau dia tinggal
memerhatikan VedanÄ di VedanÄ secara dalaman dan luaran; dia tinggal
Mengamati
Samudaya fenomena di VedanÄ, atau dia tinggal memerhati fenomena di
VedanÄ, atau dia tinggal memerhati Samudaya dan meninggal dunia dalam
VedanÄ; Atau, [menyedari:] “Ini adalah VedanÄ!” Sati hadir di dalamnya,
hanya setakat ÃąÄáđa dan hanya Paáđissati, dia tinggal terpisah, dan tidak
berpegang pada apa-apa di dunia. Oleh itu, Bhikkhu, sebuah Bhikkhu
tinggal memerhati VedanÄ di VedanÄ.
Iii. Pemerhatian citta.
Dan Tambahan pula, Bhikkhu, bagaimana seorang Bhikkhu tinggal memerhati Citta di Citta?
Di sini, Bhikkhu, seorang Bhikkhu memahami Citta dengan RÄga sebagai
“Citta dengan RÄga”, atau dia memahami Citta tanpa RÄga sebagai “Citta
tanpa RÄga”, atau dia memahami Citta dengan Dosa sebagai “Citta dengan
Dosa”, atau dia memahami Citta tanpa Dosa sebagai “Citta tanpa Dosa”,
atau dia memahami Citta dengan Moha sebagai “Citta dengan Moha”, atau
dia memahami Citta tanpa Moha sebagai “Citta tanpa Moha”, atau dia
memahami Citta yang dikumpulkan sebagai “citta yang dikumpulkan”, atau
dia memahami yang bertaburan Citta sebagai “citta yang bertaburan”, atau
dia memahami citta yang diperluas sebagai “citta yang diperluaskan”,
atau dia memahami citta yang belum ditebus sebagai “citta yang belum
ditebup”, atau dia memahami citta yang luar biasa sebagai “citta yang
luar biasa”, atau dia memahami Citta yang tidak dapat dilangkau sebagai
“sebuah citta yang tidak dapat dilangkau”, atau dia memahami Citta yang
tertumpu sebagai “Citta yang tertumpu”, atau dia memahami Citta yang
tidak ditumpukan sebagai “citta yang tidak ditandingi”, atau dia
memahami Citta yang dibebaskan sebagai “Citta yang dibebaskan”, atau dia
memahami citta yang tidak disengajakan sebagai “unsi Berat Citta “.
Oleh itu, dia tinggal mengamati Citta di Citta secara dalaman, atau dia
tinggal memerhati Citta di Citta secara luaran, atau dia tinggal
mengamati Citta di Citta secara dalaman dan luaran; Dia tinggal
memerhati Samudaya fenomena di Citta, atau dia tinggal memerhati
fenomena yang meninggal dunia di Citta, atau dia tinggal memerhati
Samudaya dan meninggal dunia di Citta; Atau, [menyedari:] “Ini adalah
Citta!” Sati hadir di dalamnya, hanya setakat ÃąÄáđa dan hanya Paáđissati,
dia tinggal terpisah, dan tidak berpegang pada apa-apa di dunia. Oleh
itu, Bhikkhu, A Bhikkhu tinggal mengamati Citta di Citta.
Buddha Magic - RARE FOOTAGE of Secret Ritual of Dying and Rebirth by THAI MONK
I
was privileged to witness my wife and her family attending an almost
secret Buddhist ritual at a Thai temple outside Bang Len, Nakorn Pathum
about 80 km north of Bangkok. The Abott performs this only rarely and
signifies a ritualised death by being covered wit ha white shroud which
after appropriate chanting is pulled off to reveal a reborn individual
who comes back to the world re-invigorated and refreshed.
There is a very good blog account of a similar ritual elsewhere.
You can download this music for free for non-commercial purposes; just provide a credit: music by longzijun..
This
original soft instrumental song is entitled As long as a word remains
unspoken. The title comes from the quote: “As long as a word remains
unspoken, you are its master; once you utter it, you are its slave.”
(Solomon Ibn Gabirol ben Judah, an 11th Century poet and philosopher).
āīĄāĩ.
āīŽāīŋ. āīāĩž.āīāĩž.āī āīāīĶāĩāīāĩž āīāīāīŋāīŪāĩāīīāīāĩāīāīŋ “āīŠāĩāī°āī§āīūāīĻ āīāīūāī°āīĪāĩ āīŽ ud āīĶāīŋ āīŽ ud āīĶāīŋ āīŽ ud āīĶāīŋ āīŽ ud
āīĶāīŋ āīŽ ud āīĶāīŋ āīŽ ud āīĶāīŋ āīŽāīāīāĩāīĩāīāī.” (āīāīūāĩŧ āī āī°āīūāīāĩāīŊāīĪāĩāīĪāĩ āīŽāĩāīĶāĩāī§āīĻāīūāīāĩāīāĩāī
L-aħħar istruzzjonijiet fil-kliem stess tal-Buddha stess kwotazzjonijiet fuq SUTTA Piáđaka-Dikani NikÄya MahÄparinibbÄna SUTTA
DN 16 - (D II 137)
MahÄparinibbÄna SUTTA.
{siltiet}
L-aħħar istruzzjonijiet minn Buddha fuq MahÄ-ParinibbÄna
Dan
SUTTA jiÄĄbor diversi istruzzjonijiet Il Buddha ta lill-fini ta ’segwaÄi
wara li tgħaddi tiegħu, li jagħmilha sett importanti ħafna ta’
struzzjonijiet għalina llum.
Jien
se nespandu d-diskors fuq id-Dhamma li jissejjaħ DhammÄdÄsa,
fil-pussess tiegħu l-AriyasÄvaka, jekk hu jixtieq hekk, jista
‘jiddikjara minnu stess: “Għalija, m’hemmx iktar Niraya, mhux iktar
tiracchchÄna-yoni, mhux iktar pettivisaya, le Aktar stat ta
‘unhappiness, ta’ sfortuna, ta ‘miÅžerja, I am a sotÄpan, min-natura
ħielsa minn stati ta’ miÅžerja, Äerti li jkunu destinati lejn Sambodhi.
U dak, Änanda, hija
Dak
id-diskors fuq id-Dhamma li jissejjaħ DhammÄdÄsa, fil-pussess tiegħu
l-AriyasÄvaka, jekk hu hekk jixtieq, jista ‘jiddikjara minnu stess:
“Għalija, m’hemmx iktar Niraya, mhux iktar TiracchÄna-Yoni, mhux iktar
pettivisaya, mhux aktar stat ta’ Unhappiness, ta ’sfortuna, ta’ miÅžerja,
I. am SotÄpanna, min-natura ħielsa minn stati ta ‘miÅžerja, Äerti li
jkunu destinati lejn Sambodhi?
Hawnhekk, Änanda, AriyasÄvaka huwa mogħni bil-Budde AveccappasÄda:
Huwa mogħni b’Dhamme AveccappasÄda:
Huwa mogħni b’Saáđ ghe AveccappasÄda:
Huwa mogħni bi sÄŦla li huwa aÄÄettabbli għall-Ariyas,
Dan,
Änanda, huwa d-diskors fuq id-Dhamma li jissejjaħ DhammÄdÄsa, li kellha
l-AriyasÄvaka, jekk hu hekk jixtieq, jista ‘jiddikjara minnu stess:
“Għalija, m’hemmx iktar Niraya, mhux iktar TiracchÄna-Yoni, mhux iktar
pettivisaya , Nru aktar stat ta ‘unhappiness, ta’ sfortuna, ta ‘miÅžerja,
I am a sotÄpan, min-natura ħielsa minn stati ta’ miÅžerja, Äerti li
jkunu destinati lejn Sambodhi.
Sato għandek tibqa ‘, bhikkhus, u sampajÄnos. Dan huwa l-intruÅžjoni tagħna lilek.
U kif, bhikkhus, huwa Bhikkhu Sato? Hawnhekk, bhikkhus, bhikkhu
Għalhekk, Bhikkhus, huwa Bhikkhu Sato. U kif, bhikkhus, huwa bhikkhu sampajÄno? Hawnhekk, bhikkhus,
Għalhekk, Bhikkhus, huwa Bhikkhu SampajÄno. Sato għandek tibqa ‘, bhikkhus, u sampajÄnos. Dan huwa l-intruÅžjoni tagħna lilek.
- Ananda, is-Sala Twin
Is-siÄĄar
huma blanzun sħiħ, għalkemm mhuwiex l-istaĥun tal-fjuri. U x-xita
blossoms fuq il-ÄĄisem tat-Tathagata u qatra u tifrix u huma mimlija
fuqha fil-qima tat-Tatagata. U fjuri tal-qroll Äelesti u trab
tas-sandlija tas-sema mill-sema xita isfel fuq il-ÄĄisem tat-Tatagata, u
qatra u tifrex u huma mimlija fuqha fil-qima tat-Tatagata. U l-ħoss ta
‘vuÄijiet heavenly u l-istrumenti tas-sema jagħmel il-muÅžika fl-arja
mir-reverence għat-Tatagata.
Mhuwiex
minn dan, Änanda, li t-TathÄgata hija rispettata, venerata, stmata,
imħallsa u onorati. IŞda, Ananda, kwalunkwe Bhikkhu jew Bhikkhuni,
Layman jew Layray, fadal dhamm’Änudhamma’p'paáđipanna,
sÄmÄŦci’p'paáđipanna,
Tgħix
skond il-Dhamma, li wieħed jirrispetta, venerati, esteems, iħallas
homage, u jonora t-tathÄgata bl-aktar homage eÄÄellenti. Għalhekk,
Änanda, għandek tħarreÄĄ lilek innifsek hekk: “Aħna se nibqgħu
dhamm’Änudhamma’p'paáđipanna, sÄmÄŦci’p'paáđipanna, li tgħix skont
id-Dhamma”.
Bhagawan Buddha jgħid
“L-aħwa
tiegħi, hemm dawn iÅž-ÅžewÄĄ estremi li persuna fit-triq għandha tevita.
Liema tnejn? Wieħed huwa li tinÅžel ruħha fi pjaÄiri sensual. U l-ieħor
huwa li jipprattika awsteritajiet li jÄaħħdu l-korp tal-bÅžonnijiet
tiegħu. Dawn iÅž-ÅžewÄĄ estremi jwasslu għal falliment.
“Il-passaÄĄÄĄ
li skoprejt huwa l-mod tan-nofs, li jevita Åž-ÅžewÄĄ estremi u għandu
l-kapaÄità li twassal lil wieħed għall-fehim, il-liberazzjoni u l-paÄi.
Huwa l-triq nobbli tmien darbiet ta ‘fehim dritt, ħsieb dritt, diskors
dritt, azzjoni ĥusta, l-għixien dritt, l-isforz dritt, konxja dritt u
l-konÄentrazzjoni dritt. Jien segwejt din il-passaÄĄÄĄ ta ‘tmien darbiet
nobbli u induna li nifhmu, il-liberazzjoni u l-paÄi.
L-ewwel
waħda hija l-eÅžistenza ta ‘tbatija. Twelid, xjuħija, mard, u mewt qed
ibatu. Dwejjaq, rabja, jealousy, tħassib, ansjetà , biÅža ‘, u disprament
qed ibatu. Separazzjoni mill-maħbubin qed tbati. AssoÄjazzjoni ma ‘dawk
li ma tħobbx qed tbati. Xewqa, sekwestru, u jaqbdu mal-ħames aggregati
qed ibatu.
“Brothers, it-tieni verità tiÅžvela l-kawÅža tat-tbatija. Minħabba
injoranza, in-nies ma jistgħux jaraw il-verità dwar il-ħajja, u jsiru
maqbuda fil-fjammi ta ‘xewqa, rabja, jealousy, grief, inkwiet, biÅža’, u
disprament.
“Brothers, it-tielet verità hija l-waqfien tat-tbatija.
Nifhmu l-verità tal-ħajja ÄĄÄĄib magħha l-waqfien ta ‘kull grief u niket u tagħti lok għall-paÄi u l-ferħ.
“Brothers, ir-raba ‘verità hija t-triq li twassal għall-waqfien
tat-tbatija. Huwa l-triq nobbli tmien darbiet, li għadni kemm spjegajt.
It-triq nobbli tmien darbiet hija mitmugħa billi tgħix b’imlazzjoni.
Mindfulness twassal għal konÄentrazzjoni u fehim, bil jillibera inti
minn kull uÄĄigħ u niket u twassal għall-paÄi u l-ferħ. Jiena niggwidak
tul din it-triq tar-realizzazzjoni.
“Qamet ViÅžjoni, Insight qamet, inqalgħet dixxerniment, l-għarfien
qamet, illuminazzjoni qamet fi ħdan lili fir-rigward affarijiet qatt
jinstemgħu qabel:” Din il-verità nobbli ta ’stress ÄĄie miftiehem. “
“Il-veritÃ
nobbli tal-waqfien ta ‘l-istress: il-fading komplut u l-waqfien,
ir-rinunzja, ir-rinunzja, ir-rilaxx, u l-kiri ta’ dak ix-xenqa ħafna.
Din il-verità nobbli tal-waqfien tal-istress ÄĄiet realizzata. Din hija
l-verità nobbli tal-mod ta ‘prattika li twassal għall-waqfien
tal-istress.
“Hekk
kif l-għarfien u l-viÅžjoni tiegħi dwar dawn l-erba ‘veritajiet nobbli
kif dawn waslu biex jiĥu-kien verament pur, imbagħad I ma pretensjoni li
jkunu qabÅžu direttament lill-awto-qawmien awto-qawmien fil-Cosmos ma
kollha gwidi li ma tidhirx, kontemplattivi, Brahman, royalties tagħha
& komunfolk. L-għarfien u l-viÅžjoni qamu fija: ‘Unshakable huwa
r-rilaxx tiegħi. Din hija l-aħħar twelid tiegħi. Issa m’hemm l-ebda
eÅžistenza mÄĄedda. “
Filwaqt
Siddhartha kien jispjega l-erba ‘veritajiet nobbli, wieħed
mill-patrijiet, Kondanna f’daqqa waħda ħass brillanti kbira fil-moħħ
tiegħu stess. Huwa jista ‘togħma l-liberazzjoni li kien fittex għal
Åžmien twil. WiÄÄu beamed bil-ferħ. Il-Buddha indika lilu u cried,
“Kondanna! You ħadthom ltqajna! You ħadthom ltqajna! “
Kondanna
ssieħbu pali tiegħu u bowed qabel Siddhartha. B’rispett fonda, hu
tkellem, “Venerable Gautama, jekk jogħĥbok aÄÄetta lili bħala d-dixxiplu
tiegħek. Naf li taħt il-gwida tiegħek, jien se nilħaq il-qawmien kbir. “
L-erba
‘patrijiet l-oħra wkoll bowed fis-saqajn ta’ Siddhartha, ingħaqdu
l-pali tagħhom, u talbu li jiÄĄu riÄevuti bħala dixxipli. Siddhartha
qalet, “Brothers! It-tfal tar-raħal tani l-isem “Il-Buddha.” Inti wkoll
tista ’ssejjaħni b’dak l-isem jekk tixtieq. “
Kondanna staqsa, “Ma” Buddha “tfisser” wieħed li huwa mqajjem “?”
“Dan huwa korrett, u huma jsejħu t-triq li skoprejt ‘il-mod ta’ qawmien. ‘X’taħseb dwar dan l-isem?”
“”
Wieħed li huwa mqajjem “! “Il-mod ta ‘qawmien”! Wonderful! Wonderful!
Dawn l-ismijiet huma veri, iÅžda sempliÄi. Aħna se heureusement sejħa
inti l-Buddha, u l-passaÄĄÄĄ inti skoprew il-mod ta ‘qawmien. Kif inti
biss qal, jgħixu kull jum mindfully huwa l-baÅži ħafna ta ‘prattika
spiritwali. ” Il-ħames patrijiet kienu ta ‘moħħ wieħed biex jaÄÄettaw
Gautama bħala l-għalliem tagħhom u jsejħu l-Buddha.
Il-Buddha
tbissem fuqhom. ” Jekk jogħĥbok, aħwa, prattika bi spirtu miftuħ u
intelliĥenti, u fi tliet xhur int se tkun laħqu l-frott
tal-liberazzjoni. ”
Sansari Maya Bichitra by Ratna Bahadur Ghising | New Nepali Devotional Song 2017
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Song Title : Sansari Maya Bichitra
Vocal/Music : Chandra Kumar Dong
Lyrics/Producer : Ratna Lama Ghising
Company : Rainbow Rays Music Pvt. Ltd.
Character : Ratna Lama Ghising, Dilip Tamang, Laxman Lamsal, Mitra Tamang, Rohit Karki
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Kliem Buddha stess kwotazzjonijiet fuq attendenza fuq kuxjenza
MahÄ + satipaáđáđhÄna
ReliÄĄjonijiet, tiÄĄrijiet, kasti, inugwaljanzi,
Kienu hemm
Hemm
U
Se jkompli jkun hemm!
Dr B.R.Ambedkar thundered “Main Bhaat Baudhmay Karung.” (Jien se nagħmel dan il-pajjiÅž Buddist)
Is-SoÄjetajiet
AboriÄĄinali kollha Aqwa Thunder Hilariously “HUM Prapanchha Prabachha
Prapanchmay Karunge.” (Aħna se nagħmlu l-prabuddha prapanzha kollha
dinja
Dan iseħħ permezz ta ‘
Free
online Prabuddha intellettwali Konvenzjoni fi tqajjem kliem wieħed
stess għall-benesseri, kuntentizza u l-paÄi għas-soÄjetajiet kollha u
biex jintlaħqu eterna Bliss bħala għan finali permezz ta ‘MahÄ +
SatipaáđáđhÄna- Attendenza fuq l-Osservazzjoni ta’ Taqsima KÄya fuq Äya,
Repulsività , l-elementi, id-disa ‘charnel, ta’ VedanÄ u Citta
Allura
ReliÄĄjonijiet, tiÄĄrijiet, kasti u inugwaljanzi
Mhux se jkun hemm!
Tipitaka
DN 22 - (D II 290)
MahÄsatipaáđáđhÄna SUTTA.
Attendenza fuq kuxjenza minn Buddha
MahÄ + satipaáđáđhÄna
Dan SUTTA huwa meqjus bħala l-referenza prinÄipali għall-prattika meditazzjoni.
Introduzzjoni
I. Osservazzjoni ta ‘KÄya
A. Taqsima fuq ÄnÄpÄna
B. Taqsima dwar qagħdiet
C. Taqsima dwar SampajaÃąÃąa
D. Taqsima dwar ir-repusvitÃ
E. Taqsima dwar l-elementi
F. Taqsima dwar id-disa ‘charnel
II. Osservazzjoni ta ‘VedanÄ
Introduzzjoni
Għalhekk smajt:
F’okkaÅžjoni
waħda, il-BhagavÄ kien qed joqgħod fost il-kurus f’KammÄsadhamma, belt
tas-suq tal-kurus. Hemm, huwa indirizza l-Bhikkhus:
Bhikkhus, hija t-triq li twassal għal xejn ħlief il-purifikazzjoni ta ‘
Il-bnedmin,
li jegħlbu d-dwejjaq u l-lamentazzjoni, l-għejbien ta
‘Dukkha-Domanassa, il-kisba tal-mod it-tajjeb, ir-realizzazzjoni ta’
Nibbana, jiÄĄifieri l-erba ’satipaáđáđhÄnas.
SampajÄno, satimÄ, wara li wettaq abhijjhÄ-domanassa lejn id-dinja.
Huwa
joqgħod osservar VedanÄ f’VedanÄ, ÄtÄpÄŦ sampajÄno, satimÄ, wara li
wettaq abhijjhÄ-domanassa lejn id-dinja. Huwa joqgħod li josserva citta
f’Citta, ÄtÄpÄŦ sampajÄno, satimÄ, wara li wettaq AbhijjhÄ-Domanassa lejn
id-dinja. Huwa joqgħod li josserva lil Dhamma · S f’Dhamma · s, ÄtÄpÄŦ
sampajÄno, satimÄ, wara li wettaq AbhijjhÄ-Domanassa lejn id-dinja.
I. KÄyÄnupussanÄ.
A. Taqsima fuq ÄnÄpÄna
U
Kif,
Bhikkhus, ma ‘Bhikkhu Dwell josserva KÄya f’KÄya? Hawnhekk, bhikkhus,
bhikkhu, wara li marru għall-foresta jew wara li mar l-għerq ta ’siÄĄra
jew wara li marret f’kamra vojta, tiltaqa’ li tiwi s-saqajn b’mod
trasversali, li tistabbilixxi KÄya wieqfa, u tistabbilixxi Sati
Parimukhaáđ. Li għalhekk is-sato hu jieħu n-nifs, billi għalhekk is-sato
hu jieħu n-nifs. Nifs fit-tul huwa jifhem: “I am nifs fit-tul”; Nifs ‘il
barra li jifhem:’ I am nifs ‘il barra’; Nifs fil-qosor huwa jifhem: “I
am nifs fil-qosor”; Nifs qasir huwa jifhem: “I am nifs qasir”; Huwa
jħarreÄĄ lilu nnifsu: ‘Tħossok il-KÄya, nieħu n-nifs’; Huwa jħarreÄĄ lilu
nnifsu: “Tħossok il-KÄya kollu, nieħu n-nifs ‘; Huwa jħarreÄĄ lilu
nnifsu: ‘PaÄifiku l-KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, nieħu n-nifs’; Huwa jħarreÄĄ lilu
nnifsu: “PaÄifikazzjoni l-KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, I se nifs out”.
Just
Bħala,
Bhikkhus, Turner skillful jew apprendist ta ‘Turner, li tagħmel dawra
twila, jifhem:’ Qed nagħmel dawra twila ‘; Nagħmlu dawra qasira, jifhem:
‘Qed nagħmel dawra qasira’; Bl-istess mod, Bhikkhus, bhikkhu, nifs
fit-tul, jifhem: ‘I am nifs fit-tul’; Nifs ‘il barra fit-tul huwa
jifhem:’ I am nifs ‘il barra’; Nifs fil-qosor huwa jifhem: “I am nifs
fil-qosor”; Nifs qasir huwa jifhem: “I am nifs qasir”; Huwa jħarreÄĄ lilu
nnifsu: “Tħossok il-kÄya kollu, nieħu n-nifs ‘; Huwa jħarreÄĄ lilu
nnifsu: “Tħossok il-KÄya kollu, nieħu n-nifs ‘; Huwa jħarreÄĄ lilu
nnifsu: ‘PaÄifiku l-KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, nieħu n-nifs’; Huwa jħarreÄĄ lilu
nnifsu: “PaÄifikazzjoni l-KÄya-Saáđ khÄras, I se nifs out”.
Għalhekk hu joqgħod li josserva KÄya f’KÄya internament,
Jew
hu joqgħod osservazzjoni KÄya fil KÄya esternament, jew hu dwells
osservazzjoni KÄya fil KÄya internament u esternament; Huwa joqgħod
osserva l-Samudaya ta ‘fenomeni f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva
l-għaddieni tal-fenomeni f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya u
jgħaddi minn fenomeni f’KÄya; Jew inkella, [tirrealizza:] “Dan huwa
KÄya!” SATI huwa preÅženti fih, biss sal-limitu ta ’sempliÄi ÃąÄáđa u
sempliÄi paáđissati, hu joqgħod jinqalgħu, u ma riÄiklaÄĄÄĄ għal xejn
fid-dinja. Għalhekk, Bhikkhus, bhikkhu dwells osservazzjoni KÄya fil
KÄya.
B. IriyÄpathha Pabb
Barra minn hekk,
bhikkhus, bhikkhu, waqt il-mixi, jifhem: ‘Qed nimxi’, jew
Filwaqt li wieqaf huwa jifhem: “I am wieqfa”, jew waqt seduta hu
Jifhem:
“I am seduta”, jew waqt li timtedd hu jifhem: “I am timtedd”. Jew
inkella, fi kwalunkwe poÅžizzjoni kÄya tiegħu jintrema, huwa jifhem dan
xieraq.
C. Taqsima dwar SampajaÃąÃąa
Barra minn hekk,
Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu, filwaqt li toqrob u waqt li jitilqu, jaÄĄixxi ma ‘SampajaÃąona,
waqt li nħarsu’ l quddiem u waqt li jħares lejn is-SampajaÃąona, waqt li
tgħawweÄĄ u waqt li jiÄĄÄĄebbed, huwa jaÄĄixxi ma ‘SampajaÃąona, waqt li
jÄĄorr il-ÄĶBULA L-iskutella, huwa jaÄĄixxi ma ‘SampajaÃąÃąa, waqt li jiekol,
waqt li tixrob, waqt li tomgħod, waqt li jdejjaq, jaÄĄixxi ma’
SampajaÃąona, waqt li jattendi għan-negozju u tgħaddi l-awrina, huwa
jaÄĄixxi ma ‘SampajaÃąona, waqt li jkun qiegħed, waqt li jkun Irqad, waqt
li tkun imqajjem, waqt li titkellem u waqt li tkun siekta, huwa jaÄĄixxi
ma ‘SampajaÃąona.
Għalhekk hu joqgħod josserva KÄya f’KÄya internament, jew hu
Dwells
josservaw kÄya f’KÄya esternament, jew hu joqgħod osservazzjoni KÄya
fil KÄya internament u esternament; Huwa joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya ta
‘fenomeni f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-għaddieni tal-fenomeni
f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya u jgħaddi minn fenomeni
f’KÄya; Jew inkella, [tirrealizza:] “Dan huwa KÄya!” SATI huwa preÅženti
fih, biss sal-limitu ta ’sempliÄi ÃąÄáđa u sempliÄi paáđissati, hu joqgħod
jinqalgħu, u ma riÄiklaÄĄÄĄ għal xejn fid-dinja. Għalhekk, Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu dwells osservazzjoni KÄya fil KÄya.
D. Taqsima dwar ir-repusvitÃ
Barra minn hekk,
Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu jqis dan il-korp stess, mill-qiegħ tal-
Feet
up u mill-xagħar fuq ir-ras isfel, li hija delimitata mill-ĥilda tagħha
u sħiħa ta ‘tipi varji ta’ impuritajiet: “F’dan KÄya, hemm il-xagħar
tar-ras, xagħar tal-ĥisem, dwiefer, snien, ĥilda, laħam ,
Hekk
kif, Bhikkhus, kien hemm borÅža li għandha ÅžewÄĄ fetħiet u mimlija
b’diversi tipi ta ‘qamħ, bħal għoljiet paddy, fosdqa, mung faÅžola,
piÅželli tal-baqar, Åžrieragħ tal-ÄĄulÄĄlien u ross imqaxxar. RaÄĄel
bil-vista tajba, wara li ma jqisx [il-kontenut tiegħu]: “Dan huwa
l-Hill-Paddy, dan huwa fosdqa, dawk huma Mung FaŞola, Dawk huma Şrieragħ
tal-ÄĄulÄĄlien u dan huwa ross imqaxxar;” Bl-istess mod, Bhikkhus,
Bhikkhu jqis dan il-korp stess, mill-qiegħ tas-saqajn u mill-xagħar fuq
ir-ras isfel,
li huwa delimitat mill-ÄĄilda tagħha u sħiħa ta ‘tipi varji ta’ impuritajiet:
“F’dan il-KÄya, hemm ix-xagħar tar-ras, xagħar tal-ÄĄisem,
Għalhekk hu joqgħod josserva KÄya f’KÄya internament, jew hu
Dwells
josservaw kÄya f’KÄya esternament, jew hu joqgħod osservazzjoni KÄya
fil KÄya internament u esternament; Huwa joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya ta
‘fenomeni f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-għaddieni tal-fenomeni
f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya u jgħaddi minn fenomeni
f’KÄya; Jew inkella, [tirrealizza:] “Dan huwa KÄya!” Sati huwa preventin
lilu, biss sal-limitu ta ’sempliÄi ÃąÄáđa u sempliÄi paáđissati, hu dwells
jinqalgħu, u ma riÄiklaÄĄÄĄ għal xejn fid-dinja. Għalhekk, Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu dwells osservazzjoni KÄya fil KÄya.
E. Taqsima dwar l-elementi
Barra minn hekk,
Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu jirrifletti fuq dan KÄya ħafna, madankollu huwa mqiegħed,
Madankollu huwa jintrema: “F’dan il-KÄya, hemm l-element tad-dinja, il-
Element tal-ilma, l-element tan-nar u l-element tal-arja. “
Hekk
kif, Bhikkhus, biÄÄier tal-ħiliet jew apprendist ta ‘biÄÄier, wara li
qatel baqra, tiltaqa’ f’salib it-toroq li jaqtgħu f’biÄÄiet; Bl-istess
mod, Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu jirrifletti lil Atthis ħafna KÄya, madankollu
huwa mqiegħed, madankollu jintrema: “F’DinkÄya, hemm l-element
tad-dinja, l-element tal-ilma, l-element tan-nar u l-element tal-arja.”
Għalhekk
hu joqgħod osservazzjoni KÄya fil KÄya internament, jew hu dwells
osservazzjoni kÄya fil KÄya esternament, jew hu dwells
Osservazzjoni
KÄya f’KÄya internament u esternament; Huwa joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya
ta ‘fenomeni f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-għaddieni tal-fenomeni
f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya u jgħaddi minn fenomeni
f’KÄya; Jew inkella, [tirrealizza:] “Dan huwa KÄya!” Sati huwa preÅženti
fih, biss sal-limitu ta ’sempliÄi ÃąÄáđa u sempliÄi paáđissati, hu dwells
jinqalgħu, u ma riÄiklaÄĄÄĄ għal xejn fid-world.thus hu dwells
osservazzjoni kÄya fil KÄya;
(1)
Barra minn hekk,
Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu, bħallikieku kien jara korp mejjet, mitfugħa f’art tal-mara,
ĥurnata mejta, jew jumejn mejta jew tlett ijiem mejta, minfuħin, blu u
festering, huwa jqis dan il-KÄya: “Dan KÄya Huwa wkoll ta ‘natura bħal
din, se ssir bħal din, u mhix ħielsa minn kundizzjoni bħal din. “
Għalhekk
hu joqgħod li josserva KÄya f’KÄya internament, jew hu joqgħod li
josserva KÄya f’KÄya esternament, jew hu joqgħod josserva KÄya f’KÄya
internament u esternament; Huwa joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya ta ‘fenomeni
f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-għaddieni tal-fenomeni f’KÄya, jew hu
joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya u jgħaddi minn fenomeni f’KÄya; Jew inkella,
[tirrealizza:] “Dan huwa KÄya!” SATI huwa preÅženti fih, biss sal-limitu
ta ’sempliÄi ÃąÄáđa u sempliÄi paáđissati, hu joqgħod jinqalgħu, u ma
riÄiklaÄĄÄĄ għal xejn fid-dinja. Għalhekk, Bhikkhus, bhikkhu dwells
osservazzjoni KÄya fil KÄya.
(2)
Barra minn hekk,
Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu, bħallikieku kien jara korp mejjet, ikkastjat f’art ta
‘charnel, li jittiekel minn kuluri, li jittiekel minn Hawks, li
jittiekel minn avultuni, li jittiekel minn klieb, li jittiekel minn
klieb, li jittiekel minn Tigri, li jittiekel minn panthers, li jittiekel
minn diversi tipi ta ‘bnedmin, huwa jqis dan ħafna KÄya: “Dan KÄya huwa
wkoll ta’ natura bħal din, huwa se jsir bħal dan, u mhux ħieles minn
tali kundizzjoni.”
Għalhekk
hu joqgħod li josserva KÄya f’KÄya internament, jew hu joqgħod li
josserva KÄya f’KÄya esternament, jew hu joqgħod josserva KÄya f’KÄya
internament u esternament; Huwa joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya ta ‘fenomeni
f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod li josserva l-għaddieni tal-fenomeni f’KÄya, jew
hu joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya u
Tgħaddi
minn fenomeni f’KÄya; Jew inkella, [tirrealizza:] “Dan huwa KÄya!” SATI
huwa preÅženti fih, biss sal-limitu ta ’sempliÄi ÃąÄáđa u sempliÄi
paáđissati, hu joqgħod jinqalgħu, u ma riÄiklaÄĄÄĄ għal xejn fid-dinja.
Għalhekk, Bhikkhus, bhikkhu dwells osservazzjoni KÄya fil KÄya.
(3)
Barra
minn hekk, Bhukkhus, Bhikkhu, bħallikieku kien jara korp mejjet,
mitfugħa ‘l bogħod f’art ta’ charnel, squeleton bil-laħam u d-demm,
miÅžmuma flimkien minn għeruq, huwa jqis dan il-KÄya: “Dan KÄya huwa
wkoll ta ‘tali In-natura, se ssir bħal din, u mhix ħielsa minn
kundizzjoni bħal din. “
Għalhekk hu joqgħod josserva KÄya f’KÄya internament, jew hu
Dwells
josservaw kÄya f’KÄya esternament, jew hu joqgħod osservazzjoni KÄya
fil KÄya internament u esternament; Huwa joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya ta
‘fenomeni f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-għaddieni tal-fenomeni
f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya u jgħaddi minn fenomeni
f’KÄya; Jew inkella, [tirrealizza:] “Dan huwa KÄya!” SATI huwa preÅženti
fih, biss sal-limitu ta ’sempliÄi ÃąÄáđa u sempliÄi paáđissati, hu joqgħod
jinqalgħu, u ma riÄiklaÄĄÄĄ għal xejn fid-dinja. Għalhekk, Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu dwells osservazzjoni KÄya fil KÄya.
(4)
Barra minn hekk,
Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu, bħallikieku kien jara korp mejjet, mitfugħa ‘l bogħod f’art
ta’ charnel, squelet mingħajr laħam u smeared bid-demm, miÅžmum flimkien
minn għeruq, huwa jqis dan il-KÄya: “Dan KÄya huwa wkoll ta ‘tali
In-natura, se ssir bħal din, u mhix ħielsa minn kundizzjoni bħal din. “
Għalhekk
hu joqgħod li josserva KÄya f’KÄya internament, jew hu joqgħod li
josserva KÄya f’KÄya esternament, jew hu joqgħod josserva KÄya f’KÄya
internament u esternament; Huwa joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya ta ‘fenomeni
f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-għaddieni tal-fenomeni f’KÄya, jew hu
joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya u jgħaddi minn fenomeni f’KÄya; Jew inkella,
[tirrealizza:] “Dan huwa KÄya!” SATI huwa preÅženti fih, biss sal-limitu
ta ’sempliÄi ÃąÄáđa u sempliÄi paáđissati, hu joqgħod jinqalgħu, u ma
riÄiklaÄĄÄĄ għal xejn fid-dinja. Għalhekk, Bhikkhus, bhikkhu dwells
osservazzjoni KÄya fil KÄya.
(5)
Barra
minn hekk, Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu, bħallikieku kien jara korp mejjet,
mitfugħa ‘l bogħod f’art ta’ charnel, squeleton mingħajr laħam u lanqas
demm, miÅžmuma flimkien minn għeruq, huwa jqis dan il-KÄya: “Dan KÄya
huwa wkoll ta ‘tali In-natura, se ssir bħal din, u mhix ħielsa minn
kundizzjoni bħal din. “
Għalhekk hu joqgħod josserva KÄya f’KÄya internament, jew hu
Dwells
josservaw kÄya f’KÄya esternament, jew hu joqgħod osservazzjoni KÄya
fil KÄya internament u esternament; Huwa joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya ta
‘fenomeni f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-għaddieni tal-fenomeni
f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya u jgħaddi minn fenomeni
f’KÄya; Jew inkella, [tirrealizza:] “Dan huwa KÄya!” SATI huwa preÅženti
fih, biss sal-limitu ta ’sempliÄi ÃąÄáđa u sempliÄi paáđissati, hu joqgħod
jinqalgħu, u ma riÄiklaÄĄÄĄ għal xejn fid-dinja. Għalhekk, Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu dwells osservazzjoni KÄya fil KÄya.
(6)
Barra
minn hekk, Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu, bħallikieku kien jara korp mejjet,
mitfugħa f’art tal-mara, għadam skonnettjat hawn u hemm, hemm għadam ta
‘l-idejn, hemm għadam ta’ l-għaksa, hemm għadam shin , hawn għadam
tal-koxxa, hemm għadam tal-ĥenbejn, hawn kustilja, hemm għadam
tad-dahar, hawn għadam tas-sinsla, hemm għadam ta ‘l-għonq, hawn għadam
tax-xedaq, hemm għadam tas-snien, jew hemm il-kran, huwa jqis dan KÄya
ħafna : “Din il-KÄya hija wkoll ta ‘natura bħal din, se ssir bħal din, u
mhix ħielsa minn kundizzjoni bħal din.”
Għalhekk
hu joqgħod li josserva KÄya f’KÄya internament, jew hu joqgħod li
josserva KÄya f’KÄya esternament, jew hu joqgħod josserva KÄya f’KÄya
internament u esternament; Huwa joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya ta ‘fenomeni
f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-għaddieni tal-fenomeni f’KÄya, jew hu
joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya u jgħaddi minn fenomeni f’KÄya; Jew inkella,
[tirrealizza:] “Dan huwa KÄya!” SATI huwa preÅženti fih, biss sal-limitu
ta ’sempliÄi ÃąÄáđa u sempliÄi paáđissati, hu joqgħod jinqalgħu, u ma
riÄiklaÄĄÄĄ għal xejn fid-dinja. Għalhekk, Bhikkhus, bhikkhu dwells
osservazzjoni KÄya fil KÄya.
(7)
Barra minn hekk, Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu, bħallikieku kien
jaraw
korp mejjet, mitfugħa bogħod fil-art tal-mogħŞa, l-għadam whitened bħal
seashell, huwa jqis dan KÄya ħafna: “Dan KÄya wkoll ta ‘natura bħal
din, huwa ser isiru bħal dan, u mhix ħielsa minn tali kundizzjoni. “
(.
Barra minn hekk, Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu, bħallikieku kien
Jaraw
korp mejjet, mitfugħa bogħod fil-art tal-mogħŞa, heaped up għadam aktar
minn sena qodma, huwa jqis dan ħafna KÄya: “Dan KÄya wkoll ta ‘natura
bħal din, huwa ser isiru bħal dan, u mhix ħielsa minn tali kundizzjoni. “
Għalhekk
hu joqgħod li josserva KÄya f’KÄya internament, jew hu joqgħod li
josserva KÄya f’KÄya esternament, jew hu joqgħod josserva KÄya f’KÄya
internament u esternament; Huwa joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya ta ‘fenomeni
f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-għaddieni tal-fenomeni f’KÄya, jew hu
joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya u jgħaddi minn fenomeni f’KÄya; Jew inkella,
[tirrealizza:] “Dan huwa KÄya!” SATI huwa preÅženti fih, biss sal-limitu
ta ’sempliÄi ÃąÄáđa u sempliÄi paáđissati, hu joqgħod jinqalgħu, u ma
riÄiklaÄĄÄĄ għal xejn fid-dinja. Għalhekk, Bhikkhus, bhikkhu dwells
osservazzjoni KÄya fil KÄya.
(9)
Barra minn hekk, Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu, bħallikieku kien
Jaraw
korp mejjet, mitfugħa bogħod fil-art tal-karattru, għadam immuffat
jitnaqqas għat-trab, huwa jqis dan ħafna KÄya: “Dan KÄya huwa ta ‘tali
natura, huwa ser isiru bħal dan, u mhix ħielsa minn tali kundizzjoni . “
Għalhekk
hu joqgħod li josserva KÄya f’KÄya internament, jew hu joqgħod li
josserva KÄya f’KÄya esternament, jew hu joqgħod josserva KÄya f’KÄya
internament u esternament; Huwa joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya ta ‘fenomeni
f’KÄya, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-għaddieni tal-fenomeni f’KÄya, jew hu
joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya u jgħaddi minn fenomeni f’KÄya; Jew inkella,
[tirrealizza:] “Dan huwa KÄya!” SATI huwa preÅženti fih, biss sal-limitu
ta ’sempliÄi ÃąÄáđa u sempliÄi paáđissati, hu joqgħod jinqalgħu, u ma
riÄiklaÄĄÄĄ għal xejn fid-dinja. Għalhekk, Bhikkhus, bhikkhu dwells
osservazzjoni KÄya fil KÄya.
II. Osservazzjoni ta ‘VedanÄ
U barra minn hekk, Bhikkhus, kif ma ‘Bhikkhu josserva VedanÄ f’VedanÄ?
Għalhekk hu joqgħod osserva VedanÄ f’VedanÄ internament,
jew hu dwells osservazzjoni VedanÄ fil VedanÄ esternament, jew hu dwells
Osservazzjoni VedanÄ f’VedanÄ internament u esternament; hu dwells.
Osservazzjoni
tal-Samudaya ta ‘fenomeni f’VedanÄ, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-għaddieni
tal-fenomeni f’VedanÄ, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya u jgħaddi
mill-fenomeni f’VedanÄ; Jew inkella, [tirrealizza:] “Dan huwa VedanÄ!”
SATI huwa preÅženti fih, biss sal-limitu ta ’sempliÄi ÃąÄáđa u sempliÄi
paáđissati, hu joqgħod jinqalgħu, u ma riÄiklaÄĄÄĄ għal xejn fid-dinja.
Għalhekk, Bhikkhus, bhikkhu dwells osservazzjoni VedanÄ fil VedanÄ.
III. Osservazzjoni tas-Citta
U barra minn hekk, Bhikkhus, kif ma ‘Bhikkhu josserva Ä-citta f’Citta?
Hawnhekk, Bhukkhus, bhikkhu jifhem citta ma ‘RÄga bħala “citta ma’
RÄga”, jew hu jifhem citta mingħajr RÄga bħala “citta mingħajr RÄga”,
jew jifhem citta ma ‘Dosa bħala “citta ma’ Dosa”, jew jifhem citta
mingħajr DOSA bħala “Citta Mingħajr Dosa”, jew hu jifhem citta ma Moha
bħala “citta Moha”, jew hu jifhem citta mingħajr Moha bħala “citta
mingħajr Moha”, jew hu jifhem citta miÄĄbura bħala “citta miÄĄbura”, jew
hu jifhem mifruxa Citta bħala “citta mferrxa”, jew jifhem citta estiÅža
bħala “citta estiÅža”, jew hu jifhem citta mhux applikat bħala “citta
mhux applikabbli”, jew jifhem citta sondabbli bħala “citta qabeÅž”, jew
jifhem An citta unsurpassable bħala “citta unsurpassable”, jew hu jifhem
citting conÄentrat bħala “conÄentrat citta”, jew hu jifhem citta mhux
ikkonÄentrat bħala “citta mhux ikkonÄentrat”, jew hu jifhem citta
liberat bħala “citta liberat”, jew Huwa jifhem citta mhux limitat bħala
“mhux limitat citta berated “.
Għalhekk hu joqgħod osservazzjoni citta f’Citta internament, jew hu
dwells osservazzjoni citta fis-citta esternament, jew hu dwells
osservazzjoni citta fis-citta internament u esternament; Huwa joqgħod li
josserva l-Samudaya ta ‘fenomeni f’Citta, jew hu joqgħod osserva
l-għaddieni tal-fenomeni f’Citta, jew hu joqgħod osserva l-Samudaya u
jgħaddi mill-fenomeni f’Citta; Jew inkella, [tirrealizza:] “Dan huwa
Citta!” SATI huwa preÅženti fih, biss sal-limitu ta ’sempliÄi ÃąÄáđa u
sempliÄi paáđissati, hu joqgħod jinqalgħu, u ma riÄiklaÄĄÄĄ għal xejn
fid-dinja. Għalhekk, Bhukkhus, bhikkhu dwells osservazzjoni citta
fis-citta.
Healing
body and soulTayata Om Bekandze Bekandze Maha Bekandze Radza Samudgate
SohaThe mantra means: May the many sentient beings who are sick, quickly
be fr…
Ko nga tohutohu whakamutunga i roto i nga kupu a Buddha i runga i Sutta Piáđaka-Digha Nikya MahÄpÄna sutta
DN 16 - (D II 137)
MahÄpÄna sutta
{gocerpsps}
Ko nga tohutohu whakamutunga na Buddha i Mah-ParinibbÃĪna
Ko
tenei sutta ka kohikohi maha nga tohutohu i hoatu e te Buddha mo te
hunga e haere ana, na reira ko te mea tino nui o nga tohutohu mo matou
inaianei.
Ka
whakaatu ahau i te korero mo te Dhamma e kiia ana ko DhammadÄsa, na te
apirasÄkuta, kaore ano hoki a TilyasÄa-Yoni, kaore he pittivisaya, kaore
He maha ake nga ahuatanga o te pouri, te kino, te pouri, ko Oramana
ahau, na te natura noa mai i nga ahuatanga o te pouri, kaore i te
whakatutukihia ki Sambodhi.
Na he aha, ko Änanda, ko
Ko
taua korero mo te Dhamma e kiia ana ko DhammadÄsa, na te ariyasÄvaka,
mena ka hiahia ia ki a ia ano, kaore ano hoki a Tiraya-Yoni, kaore he
ahua o te Pettivisaya Ko te pouri, ko te raru, he pouri, he sotapanna,
ma te kore o te ahua mai i nga whenua pouri, kaore i tino tutuki ki
Sambodhi?
I konei, ko a AriyasÄvaka e tukuna ana ki a Buddhe AveccpappAppSÄdada:
Kua whakamanahia ia ki te DHAMME AVCCAPAPASÄdada:
Ka whakamanahia ia me te saáđ ghe AvccpappAppsÄdada:
Ka whakamanahia ia me te sÄŦla e whakaae ana ki te ariyas,
Ko
tenei, ko te korero mo te Dhamma e kiia ana ko DhammadÄsa, na te
apirayasÄkuta, e kore e nui ake a Tiraya-Yoni, kaore ano hoki i a
Tirara-Yoni, kaore, kaore ano kia Pettivisaya , kaua e nui ake te ahua o
te pouri, o te kino, he sotapanna ahau, na te natura noa mai i nga
ahuatanga o te pouri, e kore e tutuki ki Sambodhi.
Me noho tonu a Sato, Bhikkhus, me SampajÄnos. Koinei ta matou hanga ki a koe.
Me pehea, bhikkhus, he shikkhu sato? I konei, Bhikkhus, he Bhikkhu
Ko te kupu, ko Bhikkhus, ko Bhikkhu Sato. A nahea, bhikkhus, he shikkhu sampajÄno? Anei, Bhikkhus,
Ko te kupu, Bhikkhus, ko Bhikkhu SampajÄno. Me noho tonu a Sato, Bhikkhus, me SampajÄnos. Koinei ta matou hanga ki a koe.
- Ananda, te salfa twin
Kua
pua tonu nga rakau, ahakoa ehara i te waa o te pua. Ka ua te ua ki
runga ki te tinana o te tapaka, ka maturuturu, ka titarita hoki ki runga
ki te karakia ki te taha ki te karakia ki a Tathagata. Me nga puawai
kairangapu me nga paura o te rangi mai i te rangi ka ua ki runga ki te
tinana o te tathagata, ka maturuturu, ka horapa atu ki runga ki te
karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te
karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te
karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te
karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te
karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te
karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te
karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te
karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te
karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te
karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te karakia ki runga i te
karakia ki runga i te karakia. A ko te tangi o nga reo o te rangi me nga
taonga waiata i te rangi i te hau i te whakaute i te tathagata.
Ehara
i te mea na tenei, o Änanda, ka manaakitia te TathÄtika, i whakanuia, i
whakahoutia, ka whakahonoretia, ka whakahonoretia. Engari, ko Ananda,
tetahi Bhikkhu, Bhikkhuni ranei, te papatahi, te papa papatahi ranei, e
toe ana Dhamm’huudhamma’p'paáđipanna,
E
noho ana i runga i te Dhamma, ko te mana, he manuhiri, e aro nui ana, e
whakahonoretia ana te TathÄgata me te tino karakia. Na reira, me
whakangungu koe ki a koe: ‘Ka noho tonu matou ki a
Dhamm’hunudhamma’p'paáđipanipanna, e noho ana i runga i te Dhamma’.
Ko te korero a Bhagawan Buddha
“E
oku teina, e rua enei mea e rua e kore e karohia e te tangata i te ara.
Ko wai e rua? Ko tetahi ko te tuku i a ia ano ki roto i nga ahuareka.
Ko tetahi atu ko te mahi i nga kaha e pa ana ki te tinana o ona hiahia.
Ko enei mea e rua e kaha ana ki te kore.
“Ko
te ara kua kitea e au ko te huarahi o te waenganui, e aukati ana i nga
mea e rua, kei te kaha ki te arahi i tetahi ki te maarama, te
whakaoranga, me te rangimarie. Ko te huarahi rangatira e waru o te
matauranga tika, he whakaaro tika, he tika, he tika, he tika, he tika,
he tika, he mahi tika. Kua whaia e ahau tenei ara, e waru nga huarahi,
kua mohio ki te matauranga, te whakaoranga me te rangimarie.
Ko
te tuatahi ko te noho o te mamae. Whanautanga, he koroheketanga, he
mate, me te mate e mamae ana. Te pouri, te riri, te hae, te awangawanga,
te awangawanga, te wehi, me te pouri. Kei te whakamamaetia te wehenga
mai i nga hunga aroha. Ko te hono ki te hunga e pai ana koe ki te mamae.
Ko te hiahia, ko te taapiri, me te piri ki nga whakahiato e rima kei te
mamae.
“E oku teina, ko te tuarua he pono e whakaatu ana i te take o te
mamae. Na te kuware, e kore ai te iwi e kite i te pono mo te ora, a ka
mau ratou i te mura o te hiahia, ka mau te riri, te hae, te awangawanga,
te wehi, me te pouri.
“E oku teina, ko te tuatoru o te pono ko te mutunga o te mamae.
Ko te mohio ki te pono o te ora e mau ai te pouri me te pouri, ka ara ake te rangimarie me te koa.
“E oku teina, ko te tuawha tuawha ko te huarahi e tika ana ki te
whakamutu o te mamae. Ko te ara ataahua e tuwha ana, kua whakamaramatia e
ahau. Ko te huarahi rangatira e waru e whangai ana ma te ngakau. Ko te
ngakau mohio e arahi ki te kukume me te mohio, me te tuku i a koe mai i
nga mamae katoa me te pouri, ka arahi ki te rangimarie me te koa. Ka
arahina koe e ahau ki a koe i tenei huarahi o te pono.
“Ko te tirohanga matakite, ko te mohiotanga, he mohio, he maarama i
puta mai i roto i ahau mo nga mea kaore ano kia rangona i mua: ‘
“Ko
te pono pono o te ahotea o te ahotea: Ko te whakakoretanga oti me te
whakakore, te whakahoki, te whakakore, te tuku me te tuku i taua tino
hiahia. Kua tutuki tenei pono rongonui o te ahotea o te ahotea. Koinei
te pono pono o te huarahi mahi e arahi ana ki te aukati i te ahotea.
“Ka
rite ki taku mohiotanga mo enei mea pono e wha i a raatau e tika ana,
katahi ano ka kii ahau kua ara ake ki te ara e kore e kitea i roto i nga
COSMOs me ona kaiarahi katoa, Brahmans, tona rangatiratanga me te
whanui. Ko te mohiotanga me te tirohanga matakite i puta i ahau: ‘Ko te
kore e taea te tuku. Koinei taku whanau whakamutunga. Inaianei kaore he
oranga hou. “
Ahakoa
ko Siddhartha te whakamarama i nga pono e wha, ko tetahi o nga
makimaki, i pouri tonu a Kondanna i roto i tona ake hinengaro. Ka taea e
ia te reka o te whakaoranga i rapua e ia kia roa. Ko tona mata i te
koa. I kii te Buddha ki a ia ka tangi, “kondanna! Kua riro i a koe! Kua
riro i a koe! “
I
uru atu a Kondanna i ona nikau, ka koropiko i mua o Siddhartha. Ki te
tino tiketike, ka korero ia, “Galoama gautama, manako mai ki ahau hei
akonga. Kei te mohio ahau kei raro i to arataki, ka tutuki i ahau te
whakaohooho nui. “
I
tuohu ano etahi atu o nga waewae e wha, i nga waewae o Sidharthha, a
uru ana ki o ratou nikau, a tonoa ana he akonga. Ka mea atu a Sidhartha,
“E oku teina! Na nga tamariki o te kainga i homai te ingoa ki ahau ko
‘Buddha. ” Ka karanga hoki koe i ahau i taua ingoa mena ka pai koe. “
Ka ui atu a Kondanna, “Kaore e ‘Buddha’ te tikanga ‘Ko wai e whakaohooho’?”
“E tika ana, ka karanga ratou i te huarahi i kitea e au ‘te ara o te oho.” Ki to whakaaro o tenei ingoa? “
“‘Ko
tetahi e ara ake ana’! ‘Te ara o te oho’! Pai! Pai! He pono enei ingoa,
engari he ngawari. Ka karangahia e matou te Buddha, me te huarahi i
kitea e koe te ara o te oho. I a koe e korero ana, e ora ana i ia ra ko
te tino tika o te mahi wairua. ” Ko nga rangatira e rima he whakaaro
kotahi ki te whakaae ki a Gautama hei kaiwhakaako, hei karanga i a ia te
Buddha.
Ka
ataata a Buddha ki a raatau. ” Tena koa, e oku teina, me mahi ma te
wairua tuwhera me te mohio, a i nga marama e toru ka tae koe ki te hua o
te whakaoranga. ”
Ko nga kupu ake a Buddha e kii ana i te haere ki te maarama
Mah AckaáđáđhÄhÄna
Nga haahi, nga iwi, nga peeke, nga koretake,
I reira
Kei reira
Me
Ka haere tonu ki reira!
Dr B.R.AMBDEKAR “Main Main Bharat Baudhmay Karunga.” (Ka mahia e au tenei papa whenua)
I oho katoa te auahi i nga Hapori Hatoru “Hy Prapanch Prabuddha Karunge.” (Ka mahia e matou te ao katoa Prabuddha Prapanch
Ka tupu tenei ma roto
Free
Prabudha Ipurangi InterviceleTS i te wahanga o nga kupu mo te oranga,
te koa me te rangimarie mo nga waahanga o te Mah +Ä. He whakakahore, ko
nga mea timatanga, ko nga papa o te Charnel Charnel, o Vedana me Citta
KÄtahi
Nga haahi, nga iwi, nga peeke me nga koretake
E kore e reira!
Tipitaka
DN 22 - (D II 290)
MahÄutaipaáđáđhÄna sutta
Tae atu ki te mohiotanga na Buddha
Mah AckaáđáđhÄhÄna
Ko tenei sutta e kiia ana ko te tohutoro matua mo nga mahi whakaaroaro.
Whakatuwheratanga
I. Tuhinga o mua
A. Te Wahanga o te ÄmatapÅna
B. Wahanga mo nga Putanga
C. Te waahanga mo SampajaÃąÃąa
D. Te Wahanga mo te Whakataunga
E. Wahanga i runga i nga waahanga
F. Te Wahanga i runga i nga papa o te Charnel Charnel
II. Tuhinga o mua
Whakatuwheratanga
Kua rongo ahau:
I
tetahi wa, ko te BhagavÄ kei te noho i waenga i te Kurus i
KammÄsadhamma, he taone maakete o te Kurus. I reira, ka korero ia ki te
Bhikkhus:
- Bhikkhus.
- I whakahoki a Bhadawante ki te Bhikkhus. Ka mea te BhagavÄ:
- Tenei,
Ko Bhikkhus, ko te huarahi e arahi ana i tetahi mea engari ko te purenga o
Ko
nga mea hei rangatira, ko te tangi o te pouri me te tangi o
Dukkha-Domonassa, te whakatutukitanga o te tika, ko te whakatutukitanga o
NibbÄna, ara ko SatipaáđáđhÄnas.
Ko wai e wha?
I konei, e noho ana a Bhikkhus, ka noho a Bhikkhu ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i KÄya, Ä, kÅwhi
SampajÄno, Saturuna, kua toha ake a AbhijjhÄ-Domonassa ki te ao.
Ka
noho ia ki te tirotiro i te verana i vedanÄ, Ä, te Sataima, kua
whakawhiwhia ki a AbhijjhÄ-Domonassa ki te ao. Kei te noho ia ki te
maataki i te citta i Citta, Ä, sayima, sayima, kua toha a
AbhijjhÄ-Domonassa ki te ao. Kei te noho ia ki te DHAMMA · s i Dhamma ·
s, a, sayima sampajÄno, satima, kua hoatu ki a AbhijjhÄ-domonassa ki te
ao.
I. KÄyÄNuSUSANA
A. Te Wahanga o te ÄmatapÅna
Me
Ano,
e Bhikkhus, kei te noho a Bhikkhu ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i KÄya? I
konei, ko Bhikkhus, he Bhikkhu, i haere ki te ngahere, ka haere ranei ki
te ruuma, ka toro atu ki te ruuma, ka whakanoho i a KÄya e tika ana, ka
tautuhia a Sati Parimukhaáđ. Na reira ka rite ia ki te sato, na reira ka
mau ia ki a Sata. Ko te manawa i te wa roa e mohio ana ia: ‘Kei te
manawa ahau’; Ko te manawa i te roa o te wa e mohio ana ia: ‘Kei te heke
ahau i te roa’; manawa i roto i te poto ka mohio ia: ‘Kei te manawa
ahau’; Te manawa o te wa poto e mohio ana ia: ‘Kei te manawa ahau ki te
manawa’; Ka whakangungu ia ia: ‘Te mana’o i te kÄya, ka haria e ahau’;
Ka whakaakona e ia ano ia: ‘Te mana’o i te kÄya katoa, ka haruru ahau’;
Ka whakaakona e ia ano: ‘Whakatakotoria nga Taya-Saáđ khÄras, ka haria e
ahau’; Ka whakaakona e ia ano: ‘Whakatakotoria nga Kaya-Saáđ khÄras, ka
manawa ahau ki a ia.
Tika
Na,
ko Bhikkhus, he kaiwhakawa mohio, he apiha ranei a Turner, he roa te
roa, ka mohio ahau: ‘He roa taku waa’; He wa poto ano ia, ka mohio ia:
‘He wa poto taku korero’; Waihoki, ko Bhikkhus, he bhikkhu, he roa te
manawa, he manawa roa ahau. ‘Kei te roa ahau e noho ana:’ Kei te noho
ahau i te roa ‘; manawa i roto i te poto ka mohio ia: ‘Kei te manawa
ahau’; Te manawa o te wa poto e mohio ana ia: ‘Kei te manawa ahau ki te
manawa’; Ka whakaakona e ia ano ia: ‘Ma te mate katoa, ka hoha ahau ki
roto’; Ka whakaakona e ia ano ia: ‘Te mana’o i te kÄya katoa, ka haruru
ahau’; Ka whakaakona e ia ano: ‘Whakatakotoria nga Taya-Saáđ khÄras, ka
haria e ahau’; Ka whakaakona e ia ano: ‘Whakatakotoria nga
Kaya-Saáđ khÄras, ka manawa ahau ki a ia.
No reira ka noho ia ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i KÄinga Internationally,
Ranei
kei te noho ia ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i Kaya i waho, kei te noho
ranei ia ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i KÄinga a-waho; Ka noho ia ki te
titiro ki te Saudaya o nga ahuatanga o te ao, kei te noho ranei ia i te
haerenga o nga ahuatanga, kei te noho ranei ia i nga ahuatanga o Saudaya
i KÄya; ranei, atu, [mohio:] “Koinei te kÄya!” Ko Sati kei roto i a ia,
tae noa ki Mere ÃąÄáđa me Mere Paáđissistai, ka mawehe atu ia, kaore e
piri ki tetahi mea o te ao. Ko te kupu, ko Bhikkhus, kei te noho a
Bhikkhu ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i KÄinga.
B. Iriyndowspatha Pabba
I tua atu,
Ko Bhikkhus, he Bhikkhu, i a ia e haere ana, e mohio ana: ‘Kei te haere ahau’,
I a ia e tu ana i te mohio: ‘Kei te tu ahau’, i te wa e noho ana ia
Kei
te mohio: ‘Kei te noho ahau’, i te wa e takoto ana, e takoto ana, e
mohio ana ahau: ‘Kei te takoto ahau’. Ranei, ki etahi atu, i runga ake i
te waahi ka tukuna e tana kÄya, ka mohio ia ki a ia.
C. Te waahanga mo SampajaÃąÃąa
I tua atu,
Ko
Bhikkhus, he Bhikkhu, ka whakatata atu, ka haere ki te sampajaÃąÃąa, i te
wa e tirotirohia ana e ia, i te wa e mau ana ia me te koroka o runga Ko
te peihana, ka mahi ia me SampajaÃąÃąa, i te wa e inu ana, i te wa e ngau
ana, ka mahi ia me te sampajaÃąÃąÃąa, i a ia e haere ana, i a ia e noho
ana, e moe ana, i a ia e tu ana, i a ia e korero ana, e whakarongo ana,
ka mahi ia me te sampajaÃąÃąÃąÃąÃą.
No reira ka noho ia ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i KÄya, ko ia ranei
Ka
noho ki te tirotiro a KÄya i Kaya i waho, kei te noho ranei ia i te
kÄya i KÄya i roto i KÄya i roto i KÄya a roto; Ka noho ia ki te titiro
ki te Saudaya o nga ahuatanga o te ao, kei te noho ranei ia i te
haerenga o nga ahuatanga, kei te noho ranei ia i nga ahuatanga o Saudaya
i KÄya; ranei, atu, [mohio:] “Koinei te kÄya!” Ko Sati kei roto i a ia,
tae noa ki Mere ÃąÄáđa me Mere Paáđissistai, ka mawehe atu ia, kaore e
piri ki tetahi mea o te ao. Ko te kupu, ko Bhikkhus, kei te noho a
Bhikkhu ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i KÄinga.
D. Te Wahanga mo te Whakataunga
I tua atu,
Ko Bhikkhus, e whakaaro ana a Bhikkhu i tenei tinana tino, mai i nga papa o te
waewae
ki runga, me nga makawe o te upoko, e ai ki te kiri o te kiri, ki nga
makawe o te upoko, nga whao, nga niho, te niho, te niho, te niho KÄore,
Nga otaota, nga whekau, ka koa, te kopu me ona tuhinga, he kowhatu, ko te Rile,
Phlegm, Pus, toto, werawera, ngako, roimata, te hinu, te hinu, te mucus,
te wai synovial me te mimi. “
Me
te mea ano, ko Bhikkhus, i puta he putea e rua nga puaa, ki te hiwi o
te witi, penei i te hiwi-hoe, pasy, nga otaota, ka whangai i te raihi.
He tangata pai, kua oti ke te whakaparahako, ka whakaaro hoki ki nga mea
pukepuke, he kau enei, he kau ngata. Waihoki ko Bhikkhus, ka whakaaro
te Bhikku i tenei tinana, mai i nga kapu o nga waewae, mai i te mahunga o
te upoko,
ko te mea e kiia ana e tona kiri, ki tonu i nga momo poke:
“I roto i tenei kÄya, kei reira ano nga makawe o te upoko, makawe o te tinana,
Ko
nga whao, nga niho, kiri, te kiko, te wheua, te kopu, te kopu, te kopu,
te kiri, te toto, te totoka, te toto, te kiri, te toto, te kiri,
roimata, hinu, te hinu, te mucus nasal, te wai synovial me te mimi. “
No reira ka noho ia ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i KÄya, ko ia ranei
Ka
noho ki te tirotiro a KÄya i Kaya i waho, kei te noho ranei ia i te
kÄya i KÄya i roto i KÄya i roto i KÄya a roto; Ka noho ia ki te titiro
ki te Saudaya o nga ahuatanga o te ao, kei te noho ranei ia i te
haerenga o nga ahuatanga, kei te noho ranei ia i nga ahuatanga o Saudaya
i KÄya; ranei, atu, [mohio:] “Koinei te kÄya!” Ko Sati tenei e mau ana
ki a ia, tae noa ki Mere ÃąÄáđa me Mere Paáđissistai, ka mawehe atu ia,
kaore e piri ki tetahi mea o te ao. Ko te kupu, ko Bhikkhus, kei te noho
a Bhikkhu ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i KÄinga.
E. Wahanga i runga i nga waahanga
I tua atu,
Ko Bhikkhus, e whakaatu ana a Bhikkhu i runga i tenei kÄya, heoi ka whakanohoia,
Heoi, kua tukuna: “I roto i tenei kÄya, kei reira te huÄnga o te ao, te
huanga wai, te waahanga o te ahi me te huanga o te rangi. “
Pera
tonu, ko Bhikkhus, he kaihaka mo te kaikohuru, he apotoro ranei, i patu
i tetahi kau, ka noho ki tetahi huarahi tapahi, mongamonga noa;
Waihoki, ko Bhikkhus, e whakaatu ana a Bhikkhu i te kÄya, heoi, ka
tukuna, heoi, ka tukuna te hua o te whenua, ko te waahanga o te ahi me
te huanga o te ahi. “
No
reira ka noho ia ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i roto i te kÄya, kei te noho
ranei ia i te kÄya i roto i a KÄrea i waho, kei te noho ranei ia
Te
maataki i te kÄya i KÄrea Internally me waho; Ka noho ia ki te titiro
ki te Saudaya o nga ahuatanga o te ao, kei te noho ranei ia i te
haerenga o nga ahuatanga, kei te noho ranei ia i nga ahuatanga o Saudaya
i KÄya; ranei, atu, [mohio:] “Koinei te kÄya!” Kei te noho a Sati a
STI, tae noa ki Mere ÃąÄáđa me Mere Paáđissistai, kei te heke ia, kaore e
piri ki tetahi mea i roto i te ao.
(1)
I tua atu,
Ko
Bhikkhus, he Bhikkhu, me te mea e kite ana ia i te tinana mate, i te ra
kotahi kua mate, e toru nga ra kua mate, e toru nga ra, ka whakaarohia e
ia tenei kaya: “Ko tenei KÄya He ahua ano hoki tenei na te ahua, ka
rite ki tenei, kaore i te waatea mai i taua ahuatanga. “
No
reira ka noho ia ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i roto i te kÄya, kei te noho
ranei ia i te kÄya i Kaya i Kaya i roto i te kÄya i roto i te kÄya i
KÄinga a roto, o waho ake; Ka noho ia ki te titiro ki te Saudaya o nga
ahuatanga o te ao, kei te noho ranei ia i te haerenga o nga ahuatanga,
kei te noho ranei ia i nga ahuatanga o Saudaya i KÄya; ranei, atu,
[mohio:] “Koinei te kÄya!” Ko Sati kei roto i a ia, tae noa ki Mere ÃąÄáđa
me Mere Paáđissistai, ka mawehe atu ia, kaore e piri ki tetahi mea o te
ao. Ko te kupu, ko Bhikkhus, kei te noho a Bhikkhu ki te tirotiro i te
kÄya i KÄinga.
(2)
I tua atu,
Ko
Bhikkhus, he Bhikkhu, me te mea e kite ana ia i te tupapaku, ka turia e
nga tini, ka kainga e nga kuri, ka kainga e te kuri, e kai ana i te kai
Ko nga Tigers, te kai e nga kaitakaro, ka kainga e ia nga momo maia, e
kii ana ia i tenei kÄya: “He penei ano te ahua o tenei, a kaore i te mea
noa mai i tera ahuatanga.”
No
reira ka noho ia ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i roto i te kÄya, kei te noho
ranei ia i te kÄya i Kaya i Kaya i roto i te kÄya i roto i te kÄya i
KÄinga a roto, o waho ake; Ka noho ia ki te titiro ki te Saudaya o nga
ahuatanga, ka noho ranei ia ki te tirotiro i nga ahuatanga o nga
ahuatanga, kei te noho ranei ia ki te tirotiro i te Samuelaya me
Tuhinga
o mua. ranei, atu, [mohio:] “Koinei te kÄya!” Ko Sati kei roto i a ia,
tae noa ki Mere ÃąÄáđa me Mere Paáđissistai, ka mawehe atu ia, kaore e piri
ki tetahi mea o te ao. Ko te kupu, ko Bhikkhus, kei te noho a Bhikkhu
ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i KÄinga.
(3)
I
tua atu, ko Bhikkhus, he Bhikkhu, me te mea e kite ana ia i te
tupapaku, he kowhatu me te kikokiko, he mea piri tonu ki tenei kÄya: “Ko
tenei kÄya he penei ano hoki Natura, ka rite ki tenei, kaore i te
waatea mai i tera ahuatanga. “
No reira ka noho ia ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i KÄya, ko ia ranei
Ka
noho ki te tirotiro a KÄya i Kaya i waho, kei te noho ranei ia i te
kÄya i KÄya i roto i KÄya i roto i KÄya a roto; Ka noho ia ki te titiro
ki te Saudaya o nga ahuatanga o te ao, kei te noho ranei ia i te
haerenga o nga ahuatanga, kei te noho ranei ia i nga ahuatanga o Saudaya
i KÄya; ranei, atu, [mohio:] “Koinei te kÄya!” Ko Sati kei roto i a ia,
tae noa ki Mere ÃąÄáđa me Mere Paáđissistai, ka mawehe atu ia, kaore e
piri ki tetahi mea o te ao. Ko te kupu, ko Bhikkhus, kei te noho a
Bhikkhu ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i KÄinga.
(4)
I tua atu,
Bhikkkus,
a Bhikkhu, me te mea e kite ana ia i te tupapaku, ka maka ki te toto,
ka tunua ki te toto, ka whakaarohia e ia tenei kÄya: “Ko tenei kÄya he
penei ano hoki Natura, ka rite ki tenei, kaore i te waatea mai i tera
ahuatanga. “
No reira ka
noho ia ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i roto i te kÄya, kei te noho ranei ia
i te kÄya i Kaya i Kaya i roto i te kÄya i roto i te kÄya i KÄinga a
roto, o waho ake; Ka noho ia ki te titiro ki te Saudaya o nga ahuatanga o
te ao, kei te noho ranei ia i te haerenga o nga ahuatanga, kei te noho
ranei ia i nga ahuatanga o Saudaya i KÄya; ranei, atu, [mohio:] “Koinei
te kÄya!” Ko Sati kei roto i a ia, tae noa ki Mere ÃąÄáđa me Mere
Paáđissistai, ka mawehe atu ia, kaore e piri ki tetahi mea o te ao. Ko te
kupu, ko Bhikkhus, kei te noho a Bhikkhu ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i
KÄinga.
(5)
I
tua atu, ko Bhikkhus, he Bhikkhu, me te mea e kite ana ia i te tinana
mate, ka maka atu ki te papaa, ki te toto ranei, ka whakaarohia e ia
tenei kÄya: “Ko tenei kÄya he penei ano hoki Natura, ka rite ki tenei,
kaore i te waatea mai i tera ahuatanga. “
No reira ka noho ia ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i KÄya, ko ia ranei
Ka
noho ki te tirotiro a KÄya i Kaya i waho, kei te noho ranei ia i te
kÄya i KÄya i roto i KÄya i roto i KÄya a roto; Ka noho ia ki te titiro
ki te Saudaya o nga ahuatanga o te ao, kei te noho ranei ia i te
haerenga o nga ahuatanga, kei te noho ranei ia i nga ahuatanga o Saudaya
i KÄya; ranei, atu, [mohio:] “Koinei te kÄya!” Ko Sati kei roto i a ia,
tae noa ki Mere ÃąÄáđa me Mere Paáđissistai, ka mawehe atu ia, kaore e
piri ki tetahi mea o te ao. Ko te kupu, ko Bhikkhus, kei te noho a
Bhikkhu ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i KÄinga.
(6)
I
tua atu, ko Bhikkhus, he Bhikkhu, me te mea e kite ana ia i te
tupapaku, ka maka atu ki te whare rangatira, i konei, he wheua waewae,
kei konei he wheua waewae , Tenei wheua huha, kei reira tetahi wheua
huha, kei reira tetahi wheua o muri, kei reira he wheua o te kaki, kei
reira ano te kowhatu : “Ko tenei kÄya he ahua ano hoki, ka rite ki
tenei, kaore i te waatea mai i tera ahuatanga.”
No
reira ka noho ia ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i roto i te kÄya, kei te noho
ranei ia i te kÄya i Kaya i Kaya i roto i te kÄya i roto i te kÄya i
KÄinga a roto, o waho ake; Ka noho ia ki te titiro ki te Saudaya o nga
ahuatanga o te ao, kei te noho ranei ia i te haerenga o nga ahuatanga,
kei te noho ranei ia i nga ahuatanga o Saudaya i KÄya; ranei, atu,
[mohio:] “Koinei te kÄya!” Ko Sati kei roto i a ia, tae noa ki Mere ÃąÄáđa
me Mere Paáđissistai, ka mawehe atu ia, kaore e piri ki tetahi mea o te
ao. Ko te kupu, ko Bhikkhus, kei te noho a Bhikkhu ki te tirotiro i te
kÄya i KÄinga.
(7)
I tua atu, Bhikkhus, he Bhikkhu, me te mea ko ia
Ka
kite i te tinana mate, ka maka atu i roto i te papa o te kaakahu, ka
whakaarohia e ia te moana, “Ko tenei kÄya he penei ano, kaore i te ahua
noa mai i tera huru. “
(
I tua atu, Bhikkhus, he Bhikkhu, me te mea ko ia
I
te kitenga i tetahi tupapaku, ka maka atu ki te papa o te kapo, ka
whakaaro ia i tenei kÄya: “Ko tenei KÄya hoki he penei i tenei, kaore i
te ahua noa he tikanga. “
No
reira ka noho ia ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i roto i te kÄya, kei te noho
ranei ia i te kÄya i Kaya i Kaya i roto i te kÄya i roto i te kÄya i
KÄinga a roto, o waho ake; Ka noho ia ki te titiro ki te Saudaya o nga
ahuatanga o te ao, kei te noho ranei ia i te haerenga o nga ahuatanga,
kei te noho ranei ia i nga ahuatanga o Saudaya i KÄya; ranei, atu,
[mohio:] “Koinei te kÄya!” Ko Sati kei roto i a ia, tae noa ki Mere ÃąÄáđa
me Mere Paáđissistai, ka mawehe atu ia, kaore e piri ki tetahi mea o te
ao. Ko te kupu, ko Bhikkhus, kei te noho a Bhikkhu ki te tirotiro i te
kÄya i KÄinga.
(9)
I tua atu, Bhikkhus, he Bhikkhu, me te mea ko ia
Ko
te kitenga i te tupapaku, ka maka atu ki te papa o te kaata, ka
whakaarohia e ia tenei kÄya: “Ko tenei kÄya he penei ano hoki, kaore i
te mea noa mai i tera ahuatanga . “
No
reira ka noho ia ki te tirotiro i te kÄya i roto i te kÄya, kei te noho
ranei ia i te kÄya i Kaya i Kaya i roto i te kÄya i roto i te kÄya i
KÄinga a roto, o waho ake; Ka noho ia ki te titiro ki te Saudaya o nga
ahuatanga o te ao, kei te noho ranei ia i te haerenga o nga ahuatanga,
kei te noho ranei ia i nga ahuatanga o Saudaya i KÄya; ranei, atu,
[mohio:] “Koinei te kÄya!” Ko Sati kei roto i a ia, tae noa ki Mere ÃąÄáđa
me Mere Paáđissistai, ka mawehe atu ia, kaore e piri ki tetahi mea o te
ao. Ko te kupu, ko Bhikkhus, kei te noho a Bhikkhu ki te tirotiro i te
kÄya i KÄinga.
II. Tuhinga o mua
Ano hoki, Bhikkhus, me pehea e noho ai a Bhikkhu ki te tirotiro i te verana i roto i te vedanÄ?
I
konei, ko Bhikkhus, he Bhikkhu, he wheako i te Sukha Vedana, he
UndersAnds: “Kei te kite ahau i te Sukha Vedana”; Ko te wheako i tetahi
vedana vedana, he mea whakaheke:
“Kei
te kite ahau i tetahi dukkha vedan dedan”; Ko te wheako i tetahi
veukaru adukkham-asukhÄ, extersAnds: “Kei te kite ahau i te
veukkham-asukhÄ vedanÄ”; Ko te wheako i te sÄkaha vedana sÄmisa, ko nga
mea kei raro: “Kei te kite ahau i te SÄkaha VedanA sÄmisa”; Te wheako i
te sukha vedan NirÄmisa, ko nga mea kei raro:
“Kei
te kite ahau i te sukha vedan NirÄma”; Ko te wheako i tetahi Dukkha
VedanÄ sÄmisa, ko nga IndersAnds: “Kei te kite ahau i tetahi Dukkha
VedanÄ sÄmisa”; Ko te wheako i tetahi Dukkha VedanÄ nirÄkau: “Kei te
kite ahau i tetahi Dukkha Vedan NirÄMisA”; Ko te wheako i te
adukkham-asukhÄ vedanÄ, te hunga e raru ana: “Kei te kite au i te
Adukkham-asukhÄ vedanÄ sÄmisa”; Te wheako i te Adukkham-asukhÄ vedamisa,
ko nga mea e raru ana: “Kei te kite ahau i te Adukkham-asukhÄ
vedamisa”.
No reira ka noho ia ki te tirotiro i te vera i roto i te vedanÄ,
Ranei kei te noho ia ki te tirotiro i te verana i Vedanna i waho, kei te noho ranei ia
Te kitenga i te verana i roto i te vedalleally a-waho; Ka noho ia
Te
kitenga i te Sanudaya o nga ahuatanga i roto i te vedanÄ, kei te noho
ranei ia i te haerenga o nga ahuatanga, kei te noho ranei ia i te
shenunona i roto i te vedaya; Ranei, ki te kore, [mohio:] “Ko te vedanÄ
tenei!” Ko Sati kei roto i a ia, tae noa ki Mere ÃąÄáđa me Mere
Paáđissistai, ka mawehe atu ia, kaore e piri ki tetahi mea o te ao. No
reira, ko Bhikkhus, ka noho a Bhikkhu ki te tirotiro i te verana i roto i
te vedanÄ.
III. Tuhinga o mua
A, i tua atu, Bhikkhus, me pehea e tirohia ai e te Bhikkhu te tirotiro citta i Citta?
I konei, Bhikkhus, e mohio ana a Bhikkhu ki a Citta me te RÄga “, kei
te mohio ia ki a Citta”, kei te mohio ia ki te DOSA “, a ka mohio ia ki
te DOSA”, a ka mohio ia ki a DOSA “Citta kaore he Dosa”, kei te mohio ia
ki a Citta me te “citta me te moha”, kei te mohio ia mo te citta hei “i
kohia e koe mo te kowhatu citta rite “he citta trater”, e mohio ana
ranei ia ki tetahi citta whanui “, he maarama ranei”, he mohio ranei ia,
he mohio ranei ia “, he mohio ranei ia Ko te citta kaore i te kitea “he
citta kore”, kei te mohio ia ki tetahi citta tino rite “, ko te citta
kore”, he mohio ranei ia ki te citta hei “i te citta fitta”, he citta
“ranei Kei te mohio ia ki tetahi citta kaore i whakatauhia hei “he unli
beiti citta “.
Na tenei
ka noho ia ki te mohio ki te citta i roto i te citta i roto, kei te
noho ranei ia i te citta i waho o waho, kei te noho ranei ia i te citta i
roto i citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i
Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto
i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i
roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta
i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i
Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto
i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta i roto i Citta Intonally me waho;
Kei te noho ia i te Saudaya o nga ahuatanga, kei te noho ranei ia i te
haerenga o nga ahuatanga, kei te noho ranei ia i nga ahuatanga o Saudaya
i Citta; ki te kore atu ranei, [tino mohio:] “Koinei te citta!” Ko Sati
kei roto i a ia, tae noa ki Mere ÃąÄáđa me Mere Paáđissistai, ka mawehe
atu ia, kaore e piri ki tetahi mea o te ao. Ko te kupu, ko Bhikkhus, ka
noho a Bhikkhu ki te tirotiro citta i Citta.
GREATEST BUDDHA MUSIC of All Time - Buddhism Songs, Buddhist Meditation Music for Positive Energy
271,129 views
May 15, 2020
Relaxing Music Center - SuperSoothing
- GREATEST BUDDHA MUSIC of All Time - Buddhism Songs, Buddhist Meditation Music for Positive Energy
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Pressure turns into stress when you feel unable to cope. People have
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stressful to one person may be motivating to someone else.
-
Stress causes a surge of hormones in your body. These stress hormones
are released to enable you to deal with pressures or threats â the
so-called “fight or flight” response.
-
Once the pressure or threat has passed, your stress hormone levels will
usually return to normal. However, if you’re constantly under stress,
these hormones will remain in your body, leading to the symptoms of
stress.
Stress is not an
illness itself, but it can cause serious illness if it isn’t addressed.
It’s important to recognize the symptoms of stress early.
-
Recognizing the signs and symptoms of stress will help you figure out
ways of coping and save you from adopting unhealthy coping methods, such
as drinking or smoking.
- Many people find exercises that focus on breathing and muscle relaxation to be helpful in relieving stress.
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becoming stressed.
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Music is more than something thatâs simply enjoyable to listen to. It
has a direct effect on the parasympathetic nervous system, which helps
your body relax and prepare for deep sleep.
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GREATEST BUDDHA MUSIC of All Time - Buddhism Songs, Buddhist Meditation Music for Positive Energy
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GREATEST BUDDHA MUSIC of All Time - Buddhism Songs, Buddhist Meditation
Music for Positive Energy- Pressure turns into stress when you feel
unable to cope….
Stop, stop. Do not speak. The ultimate truth is not even to think.
We are what we think. All that we are arises with our thoughts. With our thoughts, we make the world.
Just as the great ocean has one taste, the taste of salt, so also this
teaching and discipline has one taste, the taste of liberation.
The one in whom no longer exist the craving and thirst that perpetuate
becoming; how could you track that Awakened one, trackless, and of
limitless range.
Endurance is one of the most difficult disciplines, but it is to the one who endures that the final victory comes.
Long is the night to him who is awake; long is a mile to him who is
tired; long is life to the foolish who do not know the true law.
Whatever precious jewel there is in the heavenly worlds, there is nothing comparable to one who is Awakened.
Our life is shaped by our mind; we become what we think. Joy follows a pure thought like a shadow that never leaves.
Like a fine flower, beautiful to look at but without scent, fine words
are fruitless in a man who does not act in accordance with them.
Our theories of the eternal are as valuable as are those which a chick
which has not broken its way through its shell might form of the outside
world.
An idea that is developed and put into action is more important than an idea that exists only as an idea.
mahÄ-parinibbÄna and Maha Sathipattana in68) Classical Malagasy,КÐŧаŅÐļŅÐĩÐ― ОаÐŧÐģаŅКÐļ,
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Do
Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots.
Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify
Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final
Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Ny torolà lana farany amin’ny tenin’i Buddha dia nanonona an’i Sutta piáđaka-digha nikÄya MahÄparinibbÄna sutta
Dn 16 - (Di 137)
MahÄparinibbÄna Sutta
{sombin-javatra}
Ny torolà lana farany nataon’i Buddha ao MahÄ-ParinibbÄna
Ity
sutta ity dia manangona torolà lana isan-karazany ny Buddha dia nomen’ny
Buddha mpanara-dia taorian’ny nandalovany, izay mahatonga ny torolà lana
tena manan-danja ho antsika ankehitriny.
Hasehoko
ny lahateny any Dhamma izay antsoina hoe DhammÄdÄsa, raha ny an’i
AriyasÄvaka, raha maniry izy, dia afaka manambara ny tenany hoe: ‘Tsy
misy intsony ny fireneko, tsy misy teampy intsony, tsy misy pettivisaya,
tsia Ny toe-javatra tsy faly kokoa, ny fahantrana, ny fahantrana, ny
fahantrana, izaho dia sotÄpanna, amin’ny natiora tsy misy atimandry
amin’ny fanjakana fahantrana, izay sasany nanendrena an’i Sambodhi.
Ary inona, i INANDANDA,
izany
resaka izany any Dhamma izay antsoina hoe DhammÄdÄsa, izay i
AriyasÄvaka, raha maniry izy, dia afaka manambara ny tenany hoe: ‘Tsy
misy intsony ny fireneko, tsy misy mpandeha intsony, tsy misy
pettivisaya, tsy misy intsony Ny tsy fahafaham-po, ny fahantrana, ny
fahantrana, ny fahantrana, I. Am SotÄpanna, amin’ny natiora
maimaim-poana amin’ny fanjakana ny fahantrana, izay natao ho an’ny
Sambodhi?
Eto, iNyanda, i AriyasÄvaka dia voatanisa miaraka amin’i Buddhe AveccappasÄda:
Izany,
i Innanda dia resaka momba an’i Dhamma izay antsoina hoe DhammÄdÄsa,
raha maniry izy, raha maniry, dia afaka manambara ny tenany hoe: ‘Tsy
misy intsony ny fireneko, tsy misy teampy-yoni, tsy misy pettivisaya
intsony Na izany aza, tsy misy fitsirihana intsony, amin’ny fahantrana,
ny fahantrana, ny fahantrana, izaho dia sotÄpanna, amin’ny natiora
maimaim-poana avy amin’ny fanjakana fahantrana, izay sasany nanendrena
an’i Sambodhi.
SATO MBOLA AZONAO, BHIKKHUS, ary SampajÄnos. Ity no fitokisanay anao.
Ary ahoana, i Bhikkhus, dia Bhikkhu Sato? Eto, Bhikkhus, a Bhikkhu
Araka izany, Bhikkhus, dia Bhikkhu Sato. Ary ahoana, i Bhikkhus, Samphhu SampajÄno Bhikkhu? Eto, Bhikkhus,
Araka izany, Bhikkhus, dia Bhikkhu SampajÄno. SATO MBOLA AZONAO, BHIKKHUS, ary SampajÄnos. Ity no fitokisanay anao.
- Ananda, ny kambana sala
Vony
tanteraka ny hazo, na dia tsy fotoam-boninkazo aza. Ary ny orana dia
nilatsaka ny vatan’ny tathagata ary nitete ary niely ary natsipy teo
am-pivavahana tamin’ny tathagata. Ary ny vatan-dranomasina selesto sy ny
vatan-tsambo avy any an-danitra avy eny an-danitra mando ny vatan’ny
tathagata, ary mitete ary miparitaka ary miparitaka eo am-pivavahana
amin’ny fanompoana an’i Tathagata. Ary ny feon’ny feo any an-danitra sy
ny zavamaneno any an-danitra dia manao mozika eny amin’ny rivotra noho
ny fanajana ny TathaGata.
Tsy
noho izany i Jnanda, fa voahaja ny TathÄgata, voahaja, ankalazaina,
raisina ary manome voninahitra sy hajaina. Saingy, Ananda, izay rehetra
Bhikkhu na Bhikkhuni, Layman na Laywoman, mijanona ao amin’i
Dhamm’Änudhamma’p'paáđipanna, sÄmÄŦci’p'paáđipanna,
Miaina
mifanaraka amin’ny Dhamma, fa ny iray, ny haja amam-bazaha, ny
fitondran-tena dia manome voninahitra, ary hanome voninahitra ny
TathÄgata miaraka amin’ny haza tsara indrindra. Noho izany, i Onanda,
dia hampiofana ny tenanao toy izao ianao: ‘Mbola hijanona ao
Dhamm’Änudhamma’p'paáđipanna, sÄmÄŦci’p'paáđipanna, miaina mifanaraka
amin’ny Dhamma’.
Hoy i Bhagawan Buddha
“Ry
rahalahiko, misy ny tsy ampoizina roa ireo izay tokony hialana amin’ny
olona iray. Iza amin’ireo? Ny iray dia ny hianjera amin’ny tena amin’ny
fahafinaretana ara-nofo. Ary ny iray hafa dia ny fanazarana ny
fahatsapana izay manala ny vatany. Samy tsy nahomby ny zavatra rehetra
eran-tany ireo.
“Ny
lalana hitako dia ny fomba antonony, izay manalavitra ny tena mahery
setra ary manana fahafaha-manao ny fahatakarana, ny fanafahana ary ny
fandriam-pahalemana. Izy io dia lalana valo hakiho ny fahatakarana
marina, ny eritreritra tsara, ny kabary, ny kabary, ny hetsika, ny
fivelomana, ny ezaka tsara, ny fahatsiarovan-tena, ny fahatsiarovan-tena
sy ny fifantohana tsara. Nanaraka io lalana feno valo io aho ary
nahatsapa ny fahatakarana, ny fanafahana ary ny fandriam-pahalemana.
Ny
voalohany dia ny fisian’ny fijaliana. Ny fahaterahana, ny fahanterana,
ny aretina ary ny fahafatesana dia mijaly. Ny alahelo, ny hatezerana, ny
fialonana, ny ahiahy, ny tebiteby, ny tebiteby, ny tahotra ary ny
famoizam-po dia mijaly. Ny fisarahana amin’ny olon-tiana dia mijaly. Ny
fiarahana amin’ireo izay tsy tianao dia mijaly. Ny faniriana, ny
fametahana ary ny fifikirana amin’ireo dimy miavaka dia mijaly.
“Ry rahalahy, ny fahamarinana faharoa dia manambara ny antony
mahatonga ny fijaliana. Noho ny tsy fahalalana, ny olona dia tsy mahita
ny marina momba ny fiainana, ary tratra amin’ny lelafo, tezitra,
fialonana, alahelo, matahotra, tahotra ary kivy.
“Ry rahalahy, ny fahamarinana fahatelo dia ny fanaingoana ny fijaliana.
Ny
fahatakarana ny fahamarinan’ny fiainana dia mampisy ny fialana amin’ny
alahelo sy alahelo rehetra ary miteraka fiadanana sy fifaliana.
“Ry rahalahy, ny fahamarinana fahefatra dia lalana izay mitondra
amin’ny fijangajangana ny fijaliana. Izy io dia lalana valo hakiho izay
mendri-kaja, izay nohazavaiko fa vao haingana. Ny lalan-droa homamiadana
dia voatsindrina amin’ny fiainana miaina. Ny fahatsiarovan-tena dia
mitarika amin’ny fifantohana sy ny fahatakarana, hanafahana anao amin’ny
fanaintainana sy alahelo rehetra ary mitondra fiadanana sy fifaliana.
Hitari-dalana anao amin’ity lalana tsapako aho.
“Nipoitra ny fahitana, nitsangana ny fahitana, nisy ny
fahaiza-manavaka, nipoitra ny fahalalana, nisy hazavana niseho tamiko
momba ny zavatra tsy mbola henoko akory. ‘Ity fahamarinana manan-danja
amin’ny adin-tsaina ity dia takatra.’
“Ny
Fahamarinana mendri-kaja amin’ny fampahatsiahivana ny adin-tsaina: ny
fahalemena sy ny famoizam-po feno, ny fanafoanana, ny fanafoanana, ny
famotsorana, ary ny famoahana azy. Io fahamarinana mendri-kaja amin’ny
fampiatoana ny adin-tsaina io dia tanteraka. Io no fahamarinana tsara
indrindra amin’ny fomba fanazaran-tena mankany amin’ny fampahoriana ny
adin-tsaina.
“Vantany
vao feno ny fahalalako sy ny fahitako ny fahamarinana efatra izay
nanjary azy ireo, dia madio tokoa, avy eo dia nilaza aho fa nifoha
mivantana tamin’ny fifohazana tsara tamin’ny kosmos izay niaraka
tamin’ny mpitari-tolona tsy hita maso, Brahmans, ny Royalty &
Crimindfolk. Nipoitra ny fahalalana sy ny fahitana: ‘Tsy mihetsika ny
famotsorana ahy. Ity no nahaterahako farany. Tsy misy intsony izao. “
Na
dia nanazava ny fahamarinana efatra manan-kaja aza i Siddhartha, iray
amin’ireo moanina, dia nahatsapa tampoka tampoka tao an-tsainy i
Kondanna. Afaka nanandrana ny fanafahana izay notadiaviny hatrizay izy.
Natambatra tamim-pifaliana ny endriny. Nanondro azy ny Buddha ary
nitomany, “Kondanna! Azonao izany! Azonao izany! “
Kondanna
nanatevin-daharana ny tanany ary niankohoka teo anatrehan’i Siddhartha.
Njalentsika tamim-panajana lalina indrindra izy, dia “Gautamafa be dia
be, ekeo aho fa mpianatrao. Fantatro fa eo ambany fitarihanao, dia
hahatratra ny fifohazana lehibe aho. “
Ny
moanina efatra hafa dia niondrika tamin’ny tongotr’i Siddhartha,
nanatevin-daharana ny tanany ary nangataka ny horaisina ho mpianatra.
Hoy i Siddhartha: “Ry Rehareta! Ny zanaky ny vohitra dia nanome ahy ny
anarana hoe ‘Buddha. ” Mety hiantso ahy amin’ny anarana ihany koa ianao
raha tianao. “
Nanontany i Kondanna, “tsy ‘Buddha’ ve ny hoe ‘iza no mifoha’?”
“Marina izany, ary antsoin’izy ireo hoe lalana izay hitako ny ‘fomba nifohazako.’ Inona no hevitrao momba an’io anarana io?”
“‘Izay
mifoha’! ‘Ny fomba fifohazana’! Mahagaga! Mahagaga! Marina ireo anarana
ireo, nefa tsotra. Izahay dia hiantso anao am-pifaliana ny buddha, ary
ny lalana hitanao ny fomba fifohazana. Araka ny nolazainao fotsiny, ny
fiainana an-tany isan’andro dia ny fototry ny fanao ara-panahy. ” Ny
moanina dimy dia iray ihany ny saina hanaiky an’i Gautama ho
mpampianatra azy ireo ary hiantso azy ny Buddha.
Nitsiky
taminy ny Bouddha. ” MasÃŽna ianao, ry rahalahy, manaova fanazaran-tena
amin’ny fanahy misokatra sy manan-tsaina, ary ao anatin’ny telo volana
dia ho tratranao ny vokatry ny fanafahana. ”
Maha Samaya Sutta ::: The Great Meeting ~ Digha Nikaya ~ chanting
buddhistsutta
2.04K subscribers
āķļā·ā·ā·āķļāķš ā·ā·āķā·āķŧāķš:: Maha Samaya Sutta
::
So much merits to be shared with the respected monks attached to the
Mahamevnawa Buddhist Monastery who are reciting the Pirith ( Parittha)
in both Pali and in Sinhalese language respectively ::
Below details are translated from the Pali by
Thanissaro Bhikkhu::
Translator’s Introduction
This
discourse is an interesting example of the folklore of the Pali canon.
It shows that the tendency of Asian popular Buddhism to regard the
Buddha as a protective figure, and not just as a teacher, has its roots
in the earliest part of the tradition. Metrical analysis indicates that
the long “tribute” section of this discourse is very old, while the
verses in the introductory section â which is also found in the Samyutta
Nikaya â are later in form. This fits with a more subjective judgment:
that the tribute was an earlier composition â in the honorific style of
the ancient court bards â to which the introduction was added later.
This judgment is based on the fact that the two sections do not quite
fit each other. The introduction to the tribute indicates that the
reciter of the tribute is the Buddha himself, whereas the narration in
the tribute indicates otherwise.
At
any rate, this discourse is the closest thing in the Pali canon to a
“who’s who” of the deva worlds, and should provide useful material for
anyone interested in the cosmology of early Buddhism.
The
Commentary reports the belief that the devas enjoy hearing this
discourse chanted in Pali. Until recently it was part of many monks’
standard memorized repertoire, to be chanted at weddings and the
dedication of new buildings. Even today, as many of the traditions of
memorization in Asia seem to be falling by the wayside, there are a few
monks and laypeople who chant this discourse regularly.
I
have heard that on one occasion the Blessed One was dwelling among the
Sakyans at Kapilavatthu in the Great Wood, together with a large Sangha
of approximately five hundred bhikkhus, all of them arahants. And most
of the devatas from ten world-systems had gathered in order to see the
Blessed One and the Bhikkhu Sangha. Then the thought occurred to four
devatas of the ranks from the Pure Abodes: “The Blessed One is dwelling
among the Sakyans at Kapilavatthu in the Great Wood, together with a
large Sangha of about five hundred bhikkhus, all of them arahants. And
most of the devatas from ten world-systems have gathered in order to see
the Blessed One and the Bhikkhu Sangha. Let us also approach the
Blessed One and, on arrival, let us each speak a verse in his presence.”
Then,
just as a strong man might extend his flexed arm or flex his extended
arm, those devatas disappeared from among the Devas of the Pure Abodes
and reappeared before the Blessed One. Having paid homage to the Blessed
One, they stood to one side. As they were standing there, one devata
recited this verse in the Blessed One’s presence:
Ny tenin’i Buddha ihany no nanonona ny fanatrehana ny saina
mahÄ + satipaáđáđhhÄna
Fivavahana, hazakazaka, castes, tsy fitoviana,
Teo
Misy
SY
Mbola ho eo foana ve!
Dr B.R.Ambedkar dia kotroka “Main Bharat Baudhmay Karunga.” (Hataoko bodista firenena ity)
Ny
fiaraha-monina mifoha amin’ny Aboriginal rehetra dia namely kotroka
tamim-pitiavana “Hum Prapanch prabuddha prapanchmay Karunge.” (Izahay
dia hanao ny tontolo iray manontolo prabuddha prapanch
Dia hitranga izany
Fivoriambe
ara-tsaina ao amin’ny prabuddha maimaim-poana amin’ny famohazana ny
tenin’ny olona ho an’ny fiahiana, fahasambarana sy ny
fandriam-pahalemana ho an’ny fiaraha-monina rehetra ary ny
hahatratrarana ny tanjona farany amin’ny alà lan’ny fahatsiarovan-tena
amin’ny fizarana ao amin’ny ÄnÄpy, Ny famotorana, ireo singa, ny tany
sivy sivy, ao amin’ny VedanÄ sy Citta
dia
Fivavahana, hazakazaka, castes ary tsy fitoviana
Tsy ho eo!
Tipitaka
Dn 22 - (D II 290)
MahÄsatipaáđáđhÄna Sutta
Ny fanatrehana ny fanentanan’i Buddha
mahÄ + satipaáđáđhhÄna
Ity sutta ity dia heverina ho toy ny firesahana lehibe amin’ny fampiharana ny fisaintsainana.
Sava lalana
I. Ny fandinihana an’i KÄya
A. Fizarana ao amin’ny ÄnÄpÄna
B. Fizarana ao amin’ny Postures
C. Fizarana ao amin’ny SampajaÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃą
D. Fizarana momba ny famoretana
E. Fizarana amin’ireo singa
F. Fizarana ao amin’ny gorodona sivy
II. Fandinihana an’i VedanÄ
Sava lalana
Izao no henoko:
Indray
mandeha, ny BhagavÄ dia nijanona teo amin’ny Kurus tao KammÄsadhamma,
tanà na an-tsena ao Kurus. Tao izy dia niresaka tamin’ny Bhikkhus:
- Bhikkhus.
- Namaly ny Bhikkhus i Bhaddante. Hoy ny BhagavÄ:
- izany,
Bhikkhus, dia lalana izay tsy mitondra na inona na inona afa-tsy ny fanadiovana
Ny
zavaboary, ny fandresena ny alahelo sy ny fisaonana, ny fanjavonan’i
Dukkha-domanassa, ny fahazoana ny lalana tsara, ny fanatanterahana an’i
NibbÄna, izany hoe ny SatipaáđáđhÄnas efatra.
Efatra?
Eto, Bhikkhus, a Bhikkhu dia mitoetra ao amin’ny KÄya ao KÄya, ÄtÄpÄŦ
SampajÄno, SatimÄ, nanary an’i AbhijjhÄ-dOMASYSSA ho an’izao tontolo izao.
Mipetraka
mijery vedanÄ ve izy ao VedanÄ, ÄtÄpÄŦ satimÄ, satimÄ, nanary an’i
AbhijjhÄ-domanassa manatrika izao tontolo izao. Mipetraka mijery citta
in citta, ÄtÄpÄŦ sampy sampajÄno, satimÄ, nanary an’i AbhijjhÄ-domanassa
manatrika izao tontolo izao. Mipetraka mijery an’i Dhamma · s, i Dhamma ·
S, i SampajÄno, SatimÄ, dia nanary an’i AbhijjhÄ-domanassa manatrika
an’izao tontolo izao.
I. KanoAnunupassanÄ
A. Fizarana ao amin’ny ÄnÄpÄna
SY
Ahoana,
Bhikkhus, mitoetra ao Bhikkhu ve ny fandinihana an’i KÄya ao KÄya? Eto,
Bhikkhus, A Bhikkhu, dia nandeha tany anaty ala na nandeha tamin’ny
fototry ny hazo na nandeha tany amin’ny efitrano tsy nisy napoaka, dia
nipetraka teo am-pototry ny tongotra niampita ny tongotra, nametraka
an’i KÄya tsara, ary nametraka an’i Sati Parimukhaáđ. Noho izany, dia
miaina izy, raha izany no fofonainy. Mifoka rivotra lava izy raha
takany: ‘Mifoka rivotra aho’; Mifoka rivotra lava izy ka fantany hoe:
‘Mifoka rivotra’ aho; Mifoka rivotra fohy vao azony: ‘Mifoka rivotra
aho’; Ny fofonaina fohy dia takany hoe: ‘Mifoka rivotra aho’; Mananatra
ny tenany izy: ‘Ny fahatsapana an’i KÄya dia mifoka rivotra’; Mananatra
ny tenany izy: ‘Mahatsapa ny KÄya manontolo, dia hiaina aho’; Mananatra
ny tenany izy: ‘Miondrika ny KÄya-saáđ khÄras, honona aho’; Mananatra ny
tenany izy: ‘Miondrika ao amin’ny KÄya-saáđ khÄras, honoko’.
fotsiny
As,
Bhikkhus, turner mahay na mpikirakira ny mpikatroka, dia mihodina
lavitra, mahatakatra: ‘Manohy lavitra aho’; Mikasika ny fihodinana fohy,
takany hoe: ‘Hanao fihodinana fohy aho; Toy izany koa, i Bhikkhus,
Bhikkhu, mifoka rivotra, dia mahatakatra: ‘Miaina ao anatin’ny fotoana
lava aho’; mifoka rivotra ela izy: ‘Mahafinaritra ny fofonaina’; Mifoka
rivotra fohy vao azony: ‘Mifoka rivotra aho’; Ny fofonaina fohy dia
takany hoe: ‘Mifoka rivotra aho’; Mananatra ny tenany izy: ‘Mahatsapa ny
KÄya manontolo, dia hifoka rivotra aho’; Mananatra ny tenany izy:
‘Mahatsapa ny KÄya manontolo, dia hiaina aho’; Mananatra ny tenany izy:
‘Miondrika ny KÄya-saáđ khÄras, honona aho’; Mananatra ny tenany izy:
‘Miondrika ao amin’ny KÄya-saáđ khÄras, honoko’.
Toy izany no hinoany ny fandinihana an’i KÄya ao anaty anatiny,
na
mipetraka mitoetra ao amin’ny fiainana ivelany izy, na mipetraka
amin’ny fandinihana an’i KÄya ao anaty ao anatiny sy ivelany; Mipetraka
mijery ny samudaya amin’ny toe-javatra ao KÄya ao KÄya izy, na mitoetra
ny fitandremana ny fisisian’i Wikyomena ao KÄya, na mitoetra ao amin’ny
fitandremana ny samudaya izy ary mandalo zava-mitranga ao KÄya ao KÄya;
na raha tsy izany, [nahatsapa:] “Ity dia KÄya!” Sati dia misy ao aminy,
izay hatraiza mere ÃąÄáđa ary mere Paáđissiati, mipetraka ao anaty
fisonganana izy ary tsy mifikitra amin’ny zavatra rehetra eto amin’izao
tontolo izao. Araka izany, Bhikkhus, a Bhikkhu dia mitoetra ao amin’ny
KÄya ao KÄya.
B. IriyÄpatha pabba
Ankoatra izany,
Bhikkhus, bhikkhu, raha mandeha, dia mahatakatra: ‘Mandeha aho’, na
Rehefa mijoro izy dia mahatakatra hoe: ‘Mijoro’ aho, na rehefa mipetraka izy
Mikatsaka:
‘Mipetraka’ aho, na raha mbola mandry izy dia fantany hoe: ‘Mandry
aho’. Na raha tsy izany, na dia eo aza ny toerany dia nesoriny i KÄya,
takany araka izany.
C. Fizarana ao amin’ny SampajaÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃą
Ankoatra izany,
Bhikkhus,
a Bhikkhu, raha manatona sy mandeha amin’ny fialana, dia manao hetsika
miaraka amin’ny SampajaÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąÃąh, ary rehefa mijery izy, dia miasa
miaraka amin’i SampajaÃąÃąa izy, raha toa ka miondrika, dia manao akanjo
sy akanjo ambony ary mandritra ny akanjo sy ny akanjo ambony
fitoeran-diloilo, dia miasa amin’ny sampajaÃąÃąa, raha mihinana, raha
mbola nisotro, raha fitsakoana, raha mbola nanandrana, dia miasa amin’ny
sampajaÃąÃąa, raha nanatrika ny raharaham-barotra ny defecating sy
urinating, dia miasa amin’ny sampajaÃąÃąa, raha mandeha, raha mbola
nitsangana teo, raha nipetraka teo, raha matory, mifoha raha hoe, raha
miresaka ary raha ho hangina, dia miasa amin’ny sampajaÃąÃąa.
Toy izany no hinoany ny fandinihana an’i KÄya ao anaty ao anatiny, na izy
Mipetraka
mijery an’i KÄya ao KÄya any KÄya, na mitoetra ao amin’ny fandinihana
an’i KÄya ao anaty ao anatiny sy ivelany izy; Mipetraka mijery ny
samudaya amin’ny toe-javatra ao KÄya ao KÄya izy, na mitoetra ny
fitandremana ny fisisian’i Wikyomena ao KÄya, na mitoetra ao amin’ny
fitandremana ny samudaya izy ary mandalo zava-mitranga ao KÄya ao KÄya;
na raha tsy izany, [nahatsapa:] “Ity dia KÄya!” Sati dia misy ao aminy,
izay hatraiza mere ÃąÄáđa ary mere Paáđissiati, mipetraka ao anaty
fisonganana izy ary tsy mifikitra amin’ny zavatra rehetra eto amin’izao
tontolo izao. Araka izany, Bhikkhus, a Bhikkhu dia mitoetra ao amin’ny
KÄya ao KÄya.
D. Fizarana momba ny famoretana
Ankoatra izany,
Bhikkhus, bhikkhum dia mihevitra an’io vatana io, avy amin’ny faladian’ny
ny
tongotra sy ny volon-doha eo an-dohany, izay avelan’ny hodiny sy feno
loto: “Ao amin’ity kÄya ity, misy ny volon-doha, ny volon-doha, ny volo,
ny hoho, ny hoditra, ny hoho, ny hoditra ,
Tahaka
ny hoe, Bhikkhus, dia nisy kitapo misy varavarana roa ary feno karazana
varimbazaha isan-karazany, toy ny vato-paddy, paddy, voan-tsaramaso, ny
voan-tsaramaso, ny sesame, ny masom-bary ary ny vary sazy. Ny lehilahy
iray izay tsy nanan-janaka, dia tsy nanantitrantitra azy [ny votoatiny]:
Toy izany koa, Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu dia mihevitra an’io vatana io, avy
amin’ny faladian’ny tongotra sy ny volo eo amin’ny lohany,
izay ahalalan’ny hodiny sy feno ny loto isan-karazany:
“Amin’ity KÄya ity dia misy ny volon-doha, ny volon-doha,
Toy izany no hinoany ny fandinihana an’i KÄya ao anaty ao anatiny, na izy
Mipetraka
mijery an’i KÄya ao KÄya any KÄya, na mitoetra ao amin’ny fandinihana
an’i KÄya ao anaty ao anatiny sy ivelany izy; Mipetraka mijery ny
samudaya amin’ny toe-javatra ao KÄya ao KÄya izy, na mitoetra ny
fitandremana ny fisisian’i Wikyomena ao KÄya, na mitoetra ao amin’ny
fitandremana ny samudaya izy ary mandalo zava-mitranga ao KÄya ao KÄya;
na raha tsy izany, [nahatsapa:] “Ity dia KÄya!” Sati dia manolo azy,
izay fatran’i Mere ÃąÄáđa sy Mere Paáđissati, mipetraka ao anaty
fisonganana izy ary tsy mifikitra amin’ny zavatra rehetra eto amin’izao
tontolo izao. Araka izany, Bhikkhus, a Bhikkhu dia mitoetra ao amin’ny
KÄya ao KÄya.
E. Fizarana amin’ireo singa
Ankoatra izany,
Bhikkhus, bhikkhu dia taratry ny an’ity KÄya ity, na izany aza, napetraka,
Na izany aza dia esorina: “Ao amin’ity KÄya ity, misy ny singa amin’ny tany, ny
Element Element, singa amin’ny afo ary ny singa amin’ny rivotra. “
Tahaka
izany, i Bhikkhus, bandy mahay na ny mpisolovavan’ny mpiompy, dia
namono omby, dia hipetraka eo amin’ny lalambe iray manapotika azy; Toy
izany koa, i Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu dia manome taratra an’i Onthis tena KÄya,
na izany aza, dia apetraka, na izany aza, dia misy: “Ao ThiskÄya, misy
ny singa amin’ny tany, ny singa amin’ny rano, ny singa amin’ny afo ary
ny singa amin’ny afo ary ny singa amin’ny rivotra.”
Toy
izany no itoerany ny fandinihana an’i KÄya ao anaty anatiny, na i
Hipetraka mijery an’i KÄya ao KÄya any ivelany, na mipetraka izy
Fandinihana
an’i KÄya ao anaty ao anatiny sy ivelany; Mipetraka mijery ny samudaya
amin’ny toe-javatra ao KÄya ao KÄya izy, na mitoetra ny fitandremana ny
fisisian’i Wikyomena ao KÄya, na mitoetra ao amin’ny fitandremana ny
samudaya izy ary mandalo zava-mitranga ao KÄya ao KÄya; na raha tsy
izany, [nahatsapa:] “Ity dia KÄya!” Sati dia misy ao aminy, fatrany mere
ÃąÄáđa ary mere Paáđissiati, mipetraka ao anaty fanesorana izy ary tsy
mifikitra amin’ny zavatra rehetra eto amin’izao tontolo izao. Izy no
mitoetra ao amin’ny tany ao KÄya ao KÄya;
(1)
Ankoatra izany,
Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu, toy ny hoe nahita faty, dia noroahina tao anaty tany, ary maty
indray andro, na roa andro maty, mivonto sy manaitra, dia heveriny ho
Kanyya: Misy ihany koa ny toetra toy izany, ho tonga tahaka izany ary
tsy afaka amin’ny toe-javatra toy izany. “
Noho
izany dia mitoetra ny fandinihana an’i KÄya ao anaty anatiny izy, na
mitoetra ao amin’ny anatiny, na mitoetra ao amin’ny tanà na ivelany izy,
na mitoetra ao anaty ivelany, na mitoetra ao amin’ny Kanya ao anatiny sy
ivelany izy; Mipetraka mijery ny samudaya amin’ny toe-javatra ao KÄya
ao KÄya izy, na mitoetra ny fitandremana ny fisisian’i Wikyomena ao
KÄya, na mitoetra ao amin’ny fitandremana ny samudaya izy ary mandalo
zava-mitranga ao KÄya ao KÄya; na raha tsy izany, [nahatsapa:] “Ity dia
KÄya!” Sati dia misy ao aminy, izay hatraiza mere ÃąÄáđa ary mere
Paáđissiati, mipetraka ao anaty fisonganana izy ary tsy mifikitra amin’ny
zavatra rehetra eto amin’izao tontolo izao. Araka izany, Bhikkhus, a
Bhikkhu dia mitoetra ao amin’ny KÄya ao KÄya.
(2)
Ankoatra izany,
Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu, toy ny hoe nahita faty izy, nariany tao anaty tany mirehitra,
izay nohanin’ny gony, nohamafisin’ny valanoranon’ny vesatra, izay
nohanin’ny Amboarin’ny alika, izay nohanin’ny alika, izay nohanin’ny
alika, izay nohanin’ny alika, izay nohanin’ny alika Ny tigra, izay
nohanin’ny pantÃīsy, izay nohanin’ny karazan’olona isan-karazany, dia
heveriny ho KÄya io:
Noho
izany dia mitoetra ny fandinihana an’i KÄya ao anaty anatiny izy, na
mitoetra ao amin’ny anatiny, na mitoetra ao amin’ny tanà na ivelany izy,
na mitoetra ao anaty ivelany, na mitoetra ao amin’ny Kanya ao anatiny sy
ivelany izy; Mipetraka mijery ny semudaya amin’ny toe-javatra ao KÄya
ao KÄya izy, na mitoetra ny fitandremana ny fisongon-dahatsorany ny
fisisihana ao KÄya, na mipetraka mitoetra ao amin’ny samudaya sy
Mandalo
zava-mitranga ao KÄya; na raha tsy izany, [nahatsapa:] “Ity dia KÄya!”
Sati dia misy ao aminy, izay hatraiza mere ÃąÄáđa ary mere Paáđissiati,
mipetraka ao anaty fisonganana izy ary tsy mifikitra amin’ny zavatra
rehetra eto amin’izao tontolo izao. Araka izany, Bhikkhus, a Bhikkhu dia
mitoetra ao amin’ny KÄya ao KÄya.
(3)
Ankoatr’izay,
Bhikkhus, a Bhikkhu, toy ny hoe nahita faty izy, dia nandroaka tao
anaty tany, ary ny squeleton iray amin’ny nofo sy ra, dia heveriny ho
KÄyons io: “Ity koa dia iray ihany koa Ny natiora, dia ho lasa toy izao
ary tsy afaka amin’ny toe-javatra toy izany. “
Toy izany no hinoany ny fandinihana an’i KÄya ao anaty ao anatiny, na izy
Mipetraka
mijery an’i KÄya ao KÄya any KÄya, na mitoetra ao amin’ny fandinihana
an’i KÄya ao anaty ao anatiny sy ivelany izy; Mipetraka mijery ny
samudaya amin’ny toe-javatra ao KÄya ao KÄya izy, na mitoetra ny
fitandremana ny fisisian’i Wikyomena ao KÄya, na mitoetra ao amin’ny
fitandremana ny samudaya izy ary mandalo zava-mitranga ao KÄya ao KÄya;
na raha tsy izany, [nahatsapa:] “Ity dia KÄya!” Sati dia misy ao aminy,
izay hatraiza mere ÃąÄáđa ary mere Paáđissiati, mipetraka ao anaty
fisonganana izy ary tsy mifikitra amin’ny zavatra rehetra eto amin’izao
tontolo izao. Araka izany, Bhikkhus, a Bhikkhu dia mitoetra ao amin’ny
KÄya ao KÄya.
(4)
Ankoatra izany,
Bhikkhus,
bhikkhu, toy ny hoe nahita faty izy, nandroaka ny vatan-kazo, ny
squeleton tsy misy nofo ary voahosotra ra, dia noheveriny ho Kanya izao:
“Ity ihany koa ity Kanyya ity Ny natiora, dia ho lasa toy izao ary tsy
afaka amin’ny toe-javatra toy izany. “
Noho
izany dia mitoetra ny fandinihana an’i KÄya ao anaty anatiny izy, na
mitoetra ao amin’ny anatiny, na mitoetra ao amin’ny tanà na ivelany izy,
na mitoetra ao anaty ivelany, na mitoetra ao amin’ny Kanya ao anatiny sy
ivelany izy; Mipetraka mijery ny samudaya amin’ny toe-javatra ao KÄya
ao KÄya izy, na mitoetra ny fitandremana ny fisisian’i Wikyomena ao
KÄya, na mitoetra ao amin’ny fitandremana ny samudaya izy ary mandalo
zava-mitranga ao KÄya ao KÄya; na raha tsy izany, [nahatsapa:] “Ity dia
KÄya!” Sati dia misy ao aminy, izay hatraiza mere ÃąÄáđa ary mere
Paáđissiati, mipetraka ao anaty fisonganana izy ary tsy mifikitra amin’ny
zavatra rehetra eto amin’izao tontolo izao. Araka izany, Bhikkhus, a
Bhikkhu dia mitoetra ao amin’ny KÄya ao KÄya.
(5)
Ankoatr’izay,
i Bhikkhus, a Bhikkhu, toy ny hoe mahita faty izy, dia manary amin’ny
tany marim-pototra, ny squeleton iray tsy misy nofo na ra, dia heveriny
ho KÄyon io: “Ity ihany koa ity Ny natiora, dia ho lasa toy izao ary tsy
afaka amin’ny toe-javatra toy izany. “
Toy izany no hinoany ny fandinihana an’i KÄya ao anaty ao anatiny, na izy
Mipetraka
mijery an’i KÄya ao KÄya any KÄya, na mitoetra ao amin’ny fandinihana
an’i KÄya ao anaty ao anatiny sy ivelany izy; Mipetraka mijery ny
samudaya amin’ny toe-javatra ao KÄya ao KÄya izy, na mitoetra ny
fitandremana ny fisisian’i Wikyomena ao KÄya, na mitoetra ao amin’ny
fitandremana ny samudaya izy ary mandalo zava-mitranga ao KÄya ao KÄya;
na raha tsy izany, [nahatsapa:] “Ity dia KÄya!” Sati dia misy ao aminy,
izay hatraiza mere ÃąÄáđa ary mere Paáđissiati, mipetraka ao anaty
fisonganana izy ary tsy mifikitra amin’ny zavatra rehetra eto amin’izao
tontolo izao. Araka izany, Bhikkhus, a Bhikkhu dia mitoetra ao amin’ny
KÄya ao KÄya.
Ary ankoatra izany, i Bhikkhus, ahoana no fomba hitoeran’ny Bhikkhu Citta ao Citta?
Eto, bhikkhus, bhikkhu dia mahatakatra citta miaraka amin’ny rÄga ho
“citta miaraka amin’ny rÄga”, na azony tsy misy rÄga ho “citta tsy misy
rÄga”, na fantany ny citta ho dosa ho “citta with citta”, na fantany
citta tsy misy dosa “Citta tsy misy dosa”, na fantany miaraka amin’i
Moha ho “citta miaraka amin’i Moha”, na fantany ny Citta tsy i Moha ho
“Citta tsy misy an’i Citta”, na vangy citta toy ny “mpanangona citta”,
na azony ny fiparitahana CITTA ho “sela citta”, na azony ny fanitarana
citta “, na azony an-tsokosoko tsy misy anarana hoe” tsy misy citta “,
na fantany fa” tsy takatry ny saina ho “lavitra be”, na fantany ny citta
tsy manam-petra ho “iray citta”, na mahatakatra ny citta mifidy toy ny
“citta mifidy”, na fantany ny citta tsy misy dikany hoe “tsy voamarina”,
na azony ny citta namahana “ho” liberka “, na Fantany ny citta tsy azo
resahina ho “unli Berdated citta “.
Noho izany dia mitoetra ao amin’ny laoniny anatiny izy, na mitoetra ao
amin’ny laoniny, na mitoetra ao amin’ireo citta any ivelany izy, na
mitoetra ao amin’ny ivelany izy, na mitoetra ao amin’ny Citta anatiny sy
ivelany izy; Mipetraka mijery ny samudaya amin’ny toe-javatra ao
an-daniny izy, na mitoetra ao an-dà lana, na mitoetra ny fandinihana ny
zava-mitranga ao an-toerana, na mitoetra ny mijery an’i Samudaya ary
mandalo zava-mitranga ao amin’ny citta; na raha tsy izany, [nahatsapa:]
“Ity dia Citta!” Sati dia misy ao aminy, izay hatraiza mere ÃąÄáđa ary
mere Paáđissiati, mipetraka ao anaty fisonganana izy ary tsy mifikitra
amin’ny zavatra rehetra eto amin’izao tontolo izao. Araka izany,
Bhikkhus, a Bhikkhu dia mitoetra ao amin’ny citta ao Citta.
The history of Buddhist in Cambodia.
Travel CAMBODIA
95% of Cambodian are Buddhists. It’s entered since the 5th of century.
Website is Owned and Content Managed by Legislative Department, Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of IndiaDesigned, Developed and Hosted by National Informatics Centre( NIC )Last Updated: 11 Aug 2021
Religions, Races,Castes,Inequalities, Were there Are there And Will continue to be there! Dr B.R.Ambedkar thundered âMain Bharat Baudhmay karunga.â (I will make this country Buddhist) All
Aboriginal Awakened Societies Thunder â Hum Prapanch Prabuddha
Prapanchmay karunge.â (We will make the whole world Prabuddha Prapanch This will happen through Free
Online Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention in Awakened Oneâs own words
For the Welfare, Happiness and Peace for All Societies
That number is constantly in flux, because weâre
learning more about the worldâs languages every day. And beyond that,
the languages themselves are in flux. Theyâre living and dynamic, spoken
by communities whose lives are shaped by our rapidly changing world.
This is a fragile time: Roughly 0% of languages are now endangered,
often with less than 1,000 speakers remaining. Meanwhile, just 23
languages account for more than half the worldâs population.
When
a just born baby is kept isolated without anyone communicating with the
baby, after a few days it will speak and human natural (Prakrit)
language known as
Classical Magahi Magadhi/
Classical Chandaso language
/
Magadhi Prakrit,
Classical Hela Basa (Hela Language),
Classical PÄáļ·i
which
are the same. Buddha spoke in Magadhi. All the 7111 languages and
dialects are off shoot of Classical Magahi Magadhi. Hence all of them
are Classical in nature (Prakrit) of Human Beings, just like all other
living speices have their own naturallanguages for communication. 116
languages are translated by https://translate.google.com
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Do
Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots.
Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify
Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final
Goal.- Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Do Good. Grow Broccoli
Pepper
Cucumber
Carrots
Beans in Pots.
Fruit
Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind.
Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.-
Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
The pill to reverse aging would be available to the public within five years and cost the same each day as a cup of coffee, says researcher. (Supplied) Staff writer, Al Arabiya English Wednesday 05 September 2018
BHSBS vision is to fulfill Bharat Ratna Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar(Babasaheb) envision of a Prabuddha Samaj (Enlightened Society) based on the principles of dignity, justice, equality, freedom and fraternity.
BHSBS strive for active peace and work towards equal access and rights over resources and services, without any prejudice, discrimination or exclusion on any basis, including caste, class, race, gender, age, religion, abilities, regions, language or property.
BHSBS strive for a society where human rights and equal dignity of all are respected and there is no place for exploitation or oppression.
http://www.bhsbspune.org/vipassana/
What is Vipassana
Vipassana meditation is the personal
purification of the mind. It is the highest form of awarenessâthe total
perception of the mind-matter phenomena in its true nature. It is the
choiceless observation of things as they are.
Vipassana is the meditation the Buddha practiced after trying all other
forms of bodily mortification and mind control and finding them
inadequate to free him from the seemingly endless round of birth and
death, pain and sorrow.
It is a technique so valuable that in Burma it was preserved in its pristine purity for more than 2,500 years.
Vipassana meditation has nothing to do with the development of
supernormal, mystical, or special powers, even though they may be
awakened. Nothing magical happens. The process of purification that
occurs is simply an elimination of negativities, complexes, knots, and
habits that have clouded pure consciousness and blocked the flow of
mankindâs highest qualitiesâpure love (metta), compassion (karuna), sympathetic joy (mudita), and equanimity (upekkha).
There is no mysticism in Vipassana. It is a science of the mind that
goes beyond psychology by not only understanding, but also purifying,
the mental process.
The practice is an Art of Living which manifests its profound
practical value in our lives â lessening and then eliminating the greed,
anger, and ignorance that corrupt all relationships, from the family
level to international politics. Vipassana spells an end to daydreaming,
illusion, fantasyâthe mirage of the apparent truth.
Like the sizzling explosion of cold water being thrown on a red-hot
stove, the reactions after bringing the mind out of its hedonistic
tendencies into the here and now are often dramatic and painful. Yet
there is an equally profound feeling of release from tensions and
complexes that have for so long held sway in the depths of the
unconscious mind.
Through Vipassana anyone, irrespective of race, caste, or creed, can
eliminate finally those tendencies that have woven so much anger,
passion, and fear into our lives. During the training a student
concentrates on only one task â the battle with his own ignorance. There
is no guru worship or competition among students. The teacher is simply
a well-wisher pointing the way he has charted through his own long
practical experience.
With continuity of practice, the meditation will
quiet the mind, increase concentration, arouse acute mindfulness, and
open the mind to the supramundane consciousnessâthe âpeace of nibbana
(freedom from all suffering) within.â
As in the Buddhaâs enlightenment, a student simply
goes deep inside himself, disintegrating the apparent reality until in
the depths he can penetrate even beyond subatomic particles into the
absolute.
There is no dependence on books, theories, or
intellectual games in Vipassana. The truth of impermanence (anicca),
suffering (dukkha), and egolessness (anatta) are grasped directly with
all the enormous power of the mind rather than the crutch of the
intellect. The illusion of a âself,â binding the mental and physical
functions together, is gradually broken. The madness of cravings and
aversions, the futile grasping of âI, me, mine,â the endless chatter and
conditioned thinking, the reaction of blind impulseâthese gradually
lose their strength. By his own efforts the student develops wisdom and
purifies his mind.
The foundation of Vipassana meditation is silaâmoral conduct. The practice is strengthened through samadhiâconcentration of the mind. And the purification of the mental processes is achieved through pannaâthe
wisdom of insight. We learn how to observe the interplay of the four
physical elements within ourselves with perfect equanimity, and find how
valuable this ability is in our daily lives.
We smile in good times, and are equally unperturbed
when difficulties arise all around us, in the certain knowledge that
we, like our troubles, are nothing but a flux, waves of becoming arising
with incredible speed, only to pass away with equal rapidity.
A Non-sectarian Technique: Although Vipassana meditation was developed
by the Buddha, its practice is not limited to Buddhists. There is no
question of conversionâthe technique works on the simple basis that all
human beings share the same problems, and a technique that can eradicate
these problems will have a universal application.
Hindus, Jains, Muslims, Sikhs, Jews, Roman Catholics, and other
Christian sects have all practised Vipassana meditation, and have
reported a dramatic lessening of those tensions and complexes that
affect all mankind. There is a feeling of gratefulness to Gotama, the
historical Buddha, who showed the way to the cessation of suffering, but
there is absolutely no blind devotion.
The Buddha repeatedly discouraged any excessive veneration paid to him
personally. He said, âWhat will it profit you to see this impure body?
Who sees the teachingâthe Dhammaâsees me.â
http://www.bhsbspune.org/gratitude/
Asoka and the spread of Dhamma
History shows that during the time of the
Buddha, the Kings Bimbisara, Suddhodana, and Prasenajita received great
benefit from their practice of the Dhamma, and naturally wanted to share
this benefit with others. They enthusiastically supported the
dissemination of the Buddhaâs teaching in their respective kingdoms. Yet
the fact remains that the Dhamma spread to the masses not only because
of this royal patronage but because of the efficacy of the technique
itself. This technique enables anyone who applies it to come out of
misery by rooting out the mental impurities of greed (lobha), hatred
(dosa), and delusion (moha). A simple and universal technique, it can be
practised by men and women from any class, any sect, any communal
group, with the same results. Suffering is universal: unwanted things
happen and desired things may or may not happen. A universal malady must
have a universal remedy: Dhamma is this remedy. The Buddha
compassionately and freely distributed the Dhamma throughout northern
India, attracting a large number of people in what was then called
Majjhima Desa.
Similarly after the time of the Buddha, during the time of Emperor Asoka
in the third century B.C., the Dhamma spread widely. Again this was
mainly because of the practical, applied aspect of the teaching (Dhamma
paáđipatti). Several Asokan rock edicts prove this fact. Asoka must have
himself experienced the beneficial results of this technique, and he
propagated the Dhamma with great zeal. It was out of the volition to
serve others, which develops when the mind becomes purified, that he put
forth so much effort to help his subjects in both the mundane as well
as the supramundane spheres. On the Pillar Edict #7 he points out two
reasons why he succeeded in this. One was the rule of law and order in
his kingdom (Dhammaniyamani), but he gave more emphasis to the second
reason which was the practice of meditation (nijhatiya), the practical
aspect of the Dhamma. This shows that he appreciated the fact that the
practice of the Dhamma is the main reason for its spread.
It was after the Third Council under Asokaâs patronage that fully
liberated arahant monks were sent out of northern India to nine
different areas to make the Dhamma available to more people. These monks
were called Dhamma dutas (Dhamma messengers). They naturally gave
emphasis to the practical aspect of the Dhamma by which they themselves
had become free from mental impurities. Filled with love and compassion,
they attracted large numbers of people to the path of liberation.
The following are the names of the elder monks (Theras) and the nine areas where they went to teach Dhamma:
Majjhantika Thera: Kasmira and Gandhara (Kashmir, Afghanistan, Peshawar and Rawalpindi in Northwest Pakistan)
Mahadeva Thera: Mahisamandala (Mysore)
Rakkhita Thera: Vanavasi (North Kanara in South India)
Mahinda Thera and others: Tambapannidipa (Sri Lanka)
Asoka also sent teachers to as far away as
present day Syria and Egypt. He paved the way for coming generations to
spread the sublime Dhamma to the entire world.
His lead was followed by King Kanishka who sent teachers such as the
Theras Kumarajiva and Bodhidhamma to Central Asia and China.
From there the Dhamma went to Korea in the early 4th century A.D., and
then to Japan. In India, Dhamma UniversitiesâTakkasila, Nalanda,
Vikkamasila, and othersâdeveloped, flourished, and attracted learned
people from as far away as China. Dhamma also spread throughout
Southeast Asia. Large numbers of people started practising in Thailand,
Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, and Indonesia. Tibet also received the Dhamma,
through the service of Santirakshita, Padmasambhava, Atisha, and
Kamalashila.
Today the technique which the Buddha taught 2,500 years ago is once
again flourishing, and is giving the same results now as it did then.
Thousands of people in India and in countries around the world are
learning Vipassana. What is attracting so many different types of people
to the Dhamma is the same as what attracted them 2,500 years ago: the
very practical nature of the teaching which is vivid, tangible,
wholesome, easily understood, giving benefit here and now, leading one
step-by-step to the goal.
As many people start to practise Dhamma once again, we can begin to
imagine what life in the time of the Buddha, and later in the time of
Asoka, was like: a society full of peace and harmony as millions of
people became established in love, compassion, and wisdom through the
practice of Dhamma.
May all beings be happy. May peace and harmony prevail.
http://www.bhsbspune.org/dhammasevka/
Vipassana Masters
Sixth century BC was an important era in history. This was the
period when a great benefactor of mankind was born and became renowned
as Gotama the Buddha. The Buddha rediscovered the path of Dhamma leading
to the eradication of universal suffering. With great compassion he
spent forty-five years showing the path and this helped millions of
people to come out of their misery. Even today this path is helping
humanity, and will continue to do so provided the teachings and practice
are maintained in their pristine purity.
The following account of Sayagyi U Ba Khinâs teacher is partially
based on a translation of the book âSaya Thetgyiâ by Dhammacariya U Htay
Hlaing, Myanmar.
Saya Thetgyi (pronounced âSa ya ta jiâ in Burmese) was born in the
farming village of Pyawbwegyi, eight miles south of Rangoon, on the
opposite side of the Rangoon river, on June 27, 1873. He was given the
name Maung Po Thet. His father died when Po Thet was about 10, leaving
his mother alone to care for the four children: him, his two brothers
and a sister.
She supported the family by selling vegetable fritters in the
village. The little boy was made to go around selling leftover fritters,
but often came home without having sold any because he was too shy to
advertise his wares by calling out. So his mother dispatched two
children: Po Thet to carry the fritters on a tray on his head, and his
younger sister to proclaim their wares.
Because he was needed to help support the family, his formal
education was minimal -only about six years. His parents did not own any
land or rice fields, and so used to collect the stalks of rice which
remained after harvesting in the fields of others. One day on the way
home from the fields, Po Thet found some small fish in a pond that was
drying up. He caught them and brought them home so that he could release
them into the village pond. His mother saw the fish and was about to
chastise her son for catching them, but when he explained his intentions
to her, she instead exclaimed, âSadhu! Sadhu! (well-said! well-done!).â
She was a kind-hearted woman who never nagged or scolded, but did not
tolerate any akusala (immoral) deed.
When he was 14 years old, Maung Po Thet started working as a
bullock-cart driver transporting rice, giving his daily wages to his
mother. He was so small at the time that he had to take a box along to
help him get in and out of the cart.
Po Thetâs next job was as a sampan oarsman. The village of Pyawbwegyi
is on a flat cultivated plain, fed by many tributaries which flow into
the Rangoon river. When the rice fields are flooded navigation is a
problem, and one of the common means of travel is by these long,
flat-bottomed boats.
The owner of a local rice mill observed the small boy working
diligently carrying loads of rice, and decided to hire him as a
tally-man in the mill at a wage of six rupees per month. Po Thet lived
by himself in the mill and ate simple meals of split pea fritters and
rice.
At first he bought rice from the Indian watchman and other laborers.
They told him he could help himself to the sweepings of milled rice
which were kept for pig and chicken feed. Po Thet refused, saying that
he did not want to take the rice without the mill ownerâs knowledge. The
owner found out, however, and gave his permission. As it happened,
Maung Po Thet did not have to eat the rice debris for long. Soon the
sampan and cart owners began to give him rice because he was such a
helpful and willing worker. Still, Po Thet continued to collect the
sweepings, giving them to poor villagers who could not afford to buy
rice.
After one year his salary was increased to 10 rupees, and after two
years, to 15. The mill owner offered him money to buy good quality rice
and allowed him free milling of 100 baskets per month. His monthly
salary increased to 25 rupees, which supported him and his mother quite
adequately.
Maung Po Thet married Ma Hmyin when he was about 16 years old, as was
customary. His wife was the youngest of three daughters of a well-to-do
landowner and rice merchant. The couple had two children, a daughter
and a son. Following the Burmese custom, they lived in a joint family
with Ma Hmyinâs parents and sisters. Ma Yin, the younger sister,
remained single and managed a successful small business. She was later
instrumental in supporting U Po Thet in practicing and teaching
meditation.
Ma Hmyinâs eldest sister, Ma Khin, married Ko Kaye and had a son,
Maung Nyunt. Ko Kaye managed the family rice fields and business. Maung
Po Thet, now called U Po Thet or U Thet (Mr. Thet), also prospered in
the buying and selling of rice.
As a child, U Thet had not had the opportunity to ordain as a novice
monk, which is an important and common practice in Burma. It was only
when his nephew Maung Nyunt became a novice at 12 years of age that U
Thet himself became a novice. Later, for a time, he also ordained as a
bhikkhu (monk).
When he was about 23, he learned Anapana meditation from a lay teacher, Saya Nyunt, and continued to practice for seven years.
U Thet and his wife had many friends and relatives living nearby in
the village. With numerous uncles, aunts, nephews, nieces, cousins and
in-laws, they led an idyllic life of contentment in the warmth and
harmony of family and friends.
This rustic peace and happiness was shattered when a cholera epidemic
struck the village in 1903. Many villagers died, some within a few
days. They included U Thetâs son and young teenage daughter who, it is
said, died in his arms. His brother-in-law, Ko Kaye, and his wife also
perished from the disease, as well as U Thetâs niece who was his
daughterâs playmate.
This calamity affected U Thet deeply, and he could not find refuge
anywhere. Desperately wanting to find a way out of this misery, he asked
permission from his wife and sister-in-law, Ma Yin, and other relatives
to leave the village in search of âthe deathless.â
Accompanied in his wanderings by a devoted companion and follower, U
Nyo, U Thet wandered all over Burma in a fervent search, visiting
mountain retreats and forest monasteries, studying with different
teachers, both monks and laymen. Finally he followed the suggestion of
his first teacher, Saya Nyunt, to go north to Monywa to practice with
the Venerable Ledi Sayadaw.
During these years of spiritual searching, U Thetâs wife and
sister-in-law remained in Pyawbwegyi and managed the rice fields. In the
first few years he returned occasionally to see that all was well.
Finding that the family was prospering, he began to meditate more
continuously. He stayed with Ledi Sayadaw seven years in all, during
which time his wife and sister-in-law supported him by sending money
each year from the harvest on the family farm.
With U Nyo, he finally went back to his village, but did not return
to his former householderâs life. Ledi Sayadaw had advised him at the
time of his departure to work diligently to develop his samadhi
(concentration) and panna (purifying wisdom), so that eventually he
could begin to teach meditation.
Accordingly, when U Thet and U Nyo reached Pyawbwegyi, they went straight to the sala (rest-house)
at the edge of the family farm, which they began to use as a Dhamma
hall. Here they meditated continuously. They arranged for a woman who
lived nearby to cook two meals a day while they kept up their retreat.
U Thet persevered in this way for one year, making rapid progress in
his meditation. At the end of the period he felt the need for advice
from his teacher, and although he could not speak to Ledi Sayadaw in
person, he knew that his teacherâs books were in a cupboard at his home.
So he went there to consult the manuals.
His wife and her sister, in the meantime, had become quite angry with
him for not returning to the house after such a long absence. His wife
had even decided to divorce him. When the sisters saw U Po Thet
approaching, they agreed neither to greet nor welcome him. But as soon
as he came in the door, they found themselves welcoming him profusely.
They talked awhile and U Thet asked for their forgiveness, which they
readily granted.
They served him tea and a meal and he procured his books. He
explained to his wife that he was now living on eight precepts and would
not be returning to the usual householderâs life; from now on they
would be as brother and sister.
His wife and sister-in-law invited him to come to the house every day
for his morning meal and happily agreed to continue supporting him. He
was extremely grateful for their generosity and told them that the only
way he could repay them was to give them Dhamma.
Other relatives, including his wifeâs cousin, U Ba Soe, came to see
and talk with him. After about two weeks, U Thet said that he was
spending too much time coming and going for lunch, so Ma Hmyin and Ma
Yin offered to send the noon meal to the sala.
Misinterpreting U Thetâs zeal, people in the village were at first
reluctant to come to him for instruction. They thought that due perhaps
to grief over his losses, and his absence from the village, he had lost
his senses. But slowly they realized from his speech and actions that he
was indeed a transformed person, one who was living in accordance with
Dhamma.
Soon some of U Thetâs relatives and friends began to request that he
teach them meditation. U Ba Soe offered to take charge of the fields and
the household affairs and U Thetâs sister and a niece took
responsibility for preparing the meals. U Thet started teaching Anapana
to a group of about 15 people in 1914, when he was 41 years old. The
students all stayed at the sala, some of them going home from
time to time. He gave discourses to his meditation students, as well as
to interested people who were not practicing meditation. His listeners
found his talks so learned that they refused to believe that U Thet had
very little theoretical knowledge of Dhamma.
Due to his wifeâs and sister-in-lawâs generous financial support and
the help of other family members, all the food and other necessities
were provided for the meditators who came to U Thetâs Dhamma hall, even
to the extent, on one occasion, of compensating workers for wages lost
while they took a Vipassana course.
In about 1915, after teaching for a year, U Thet took his wife and
her sister and a few other family members to Monywa to pay respects to
Ledi Sayadaw who was then about 70 years old. When U Thet told his
teacher about his meditation experiences and the courses he had been
offering, Ledi Sayadaw was very pleased.
It was during this visit that Ledi Sayadaw gave his walking staff to U
Thet, saying: âHere my great pupil, take my staff and forward. Keep it
well. I do not give this to you to make you live long, but as a reward,
so that there will be no mishaps in your life. You have been successful.
From today onwards you must teach the Dhamma of rupa and nama (mind and matter) to 6,000 people. The Dhamma known by you is inexhaustible, so propagate the sasana (era of the Buddhaâs teaching). Pay homage to the sasana in my stead.â
The next day Ledi Sayadaw summoned all the monks of his monastery. He
requested U Thet to stay on for 10 or 15 days to instruct them. The
Sayadaw then told the gathering bhikkhus: âTake note, all of you. This
layman is my great pupil U Po Thet, from lower Burma. He is capable of
teaching meditation like me. Those of you who wish to practice
meditation, follow him. Learn the technique from him and practice. You,
Dayaka Thet (a lay supporter of a monk who undertakes to supply his
needs such as food, robes, medicine, etc.), hoist the victory banner of
Dhamma in place of me, starting at my monastery.â
U Thet then taught Vipassana meditation to about 25 monks learned in
the scriptures. It was at this time that he became known as Saya
Thetgyyi (saya means âteacherâ; gyi is a suffix denoting respect).
Ledi Sayadaw encouraged Saya Thetgyi to teach the Dhamma on his
behalf. Saya Thetgyi knew many of Ledi Sayadawâs prolific writings by
heart, and was able to expound on the Dhamma with references to the
scriptures in such a way that most learned Sayadaws (monk teachers)
could not find fault. Ledi Sayadawâs exhortation to him to teach
Vipassana in his stead was a solemn responsibility, but Saya Thetgyi was
apprehensive due to his lack of theoretical knowledge. Bowing to his
teacher in deep respect, he said: âAmong your pupils, I am the least
learned in the scriptures. To dispense the sasana by teaching Vipassana
as decreed by you is a highly subtle, yet heavy duty to perform, sir.
That is why I request that, if at any time I need to ask for
clarification, you will give me your help and guidance. Please be my
support, and please admonish me whenever necessary.â
Ledi Sayadaw reassured him by replying, âI will not forsake you, even at the time of my passing away.â
Saya Thetgyi and his relatives returned to their village in southern
Burma and discussed with other family members plans for carrying out the
task given by Ledi Sayadaw. Saya Thetgyi considered traveling around
Burma, thinking that he would have more contact with people that way.
But his sister-in-law said, âYou have a Dhamma hall here, and we can
support you in your work by preparing food for the students. Why not
stay and give courses? There are many who will come here to learn
Vipassana.â He agreed, and began holding regular courses at his sala in Pyawbwegyi.
As his sister-in-law had predicted, many people started coming, and
Saya Thetgyiâs reputation as a meditation teacher spread. He taught
simple farmers and laborers, as well as those who were well-versed in
the Pali texts. The village was not far from Rangoon, the capital of
Burma under the British, so government employees and city dwellers like U
Ba Khin, also came.
As more and more people came to learn meditation, Saya Thetgyi
appointed as assistant teachers some of the older, experienced
meditators like U Nyo, U Ba Soe, and U Aung Nyunt.
The center progressed year by year until there were up to 200
students, including monks and nuns, in the courses. There was not enough
room in the Dhamma hall, so the more experienced students practiced
meditation in their homes and came to the sala only for the discourses.
From the time he returned from Ledi Sayadawâs center, Saya Thetgyi
lived by himself and ate only one meal a day, in solitude and silence.
Like the bhikkhus, he never discussed his meditation attainments. If
questioned, he would never say what stage of meditation he or any other
student had achieved, although it was widely believed in Burma that he
was an Anagami (person having achieved the last stage before final liberation), and he was known as Anagam Saya Thetgyi.
Since lay teachers of Vipassana were rare at that time, Saya Thetgyi
faced certain difficulties that monk teachers did not. For example, he
was opposed by some because he was not so learned in the scriptures.
Saya Thetgyi simply ignored these criticisms and allowed the results of
the practice to speak for themselves.
For 30 years he taught meditation to all who came to him, guided by
his own experience and using Ledi Sayadawâs manuals as a reference. By
1945, when he was 72, he had fulfilled his mission of teaching
thousands. His wife had died, his sister-in-law had become paralyzed,
and his own health was failing. So he distributed all his property to
his nieces and nephews, setting aside 50 acres of rice fields for the
maintenance of his Dhamma hall.
He had 20 water buffaloes that had tilled his fields for years. He
distributed them among people who he knew would treat them kindly, and
sent them off with the invocation, âYou have been my benefactors. Thanks
to you, the rice has been grown. Now you are free from your work. May
you be released from this kind of life for a better existence.â
Saya Thetgyi moved to Rangoon, both for medical treatment and to see
his students there. He told some of them that he would die in Rangoon
and that his body would be cremated in a place where no cremation had
taken place before. He also said that his ashes should not be kept in
holy places because he was not entirely free from defilements, that is,
he was not an arahant (fully enlightened being).
One of his students had established a meditation center at
Arzanigone, on the northern slope of the Shwedagon Pagoda. Nearby was a
bomb shelter that had been built during the Second World War. Saya
Thetgyi used this shelter as his meditation cave. At night he stayed
with one of his assistant teachers. His students from Rangoon, including
the Accountant General, U Ba Khin, and Commissioner of Income Tax, U
San Thein, visited him as much as time permitted.
He instructed all who came to see him to be diligent in their
practice, to treat the monks and nuns who came to practice meditation
with respect, to be well-disciplined in body, speech and mind, and to
pay respects to the Buddha in everything they did.
Saya Thetgyi was accustomed to go to the Shwedagon Pagoda every
evening, but after about a week he caught a cold and fever from sitting
in the dug-out shelter. Despite being treated by physicians, his
condition deteriorated. As his state worsened, his nieces and nephews
came from Pyawbwegyi to Rangoon. Every night his students, numbering
about 50, sat in meditation together. During these group meditations
Saya Thetgyi himself did not say anything, but silently meditated.
One night at about 10 pm, Saya Thetgyi was with a number of his
students (U Ba Khin was unable to be present). He was lying on his back,
and his breathing became loud and prolonged. Two of the students were
watching intently, while the rest meditated silently. At exactly 11:00
p.m., his breathing became deeper. It seemed as if each inhalation and
expiration took about five minutes. After three breaths of this kind the
breathing stopped altogether, and Saya Thetgyi passed away.
His body was cremated on the northern slope of the Shwedagon Pagoda
and Sayagyi U Ba Khin and his disciples later built a small pagoda on
the spot. But perhaps the most fitting and enduring memorial to this
singular teacher is the fact that the task given him by Ledi Sayadaw of
spreading the Dhamma in all strata of society still continues.
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8th. Their predictions about Italy and Spain fit exactly
http://www.ambedkar.org/News/News062403.htm
Why Should We Embrace Buddhism
WHY SHOULD WE EMBRACE BUDDHISM Baba Saheb Dr BR Ambedkar From the
book Bahujan Samaj Aur Uski Rajniti by: Kumari Mayawati and The Hindu
News paper extract.
JC Vimalo ( Acharya Venerable Buddharakkhita named Jagatheesan Chandrasekharan as Vimalo a Buddhist name)
It is necessary to understand the History of the Saints and Gurus
who made significant contributions towards giving a right direction to
the Bahujan samaj from time to time. Although BSP is in favour of
Secularism as enunciated in the Constitution of India, within that we
ought to seriously consider the options available before us, if the
words of Buddha and Dhamma inspire us to reconstruct a social order into
one based on equal values, we should opt for it. In the larger interest
of the Country and the world at large, to encourage humanity and
humanism. We should not hesitate in following such religion. In other
words, since Buddhism has valuable lessons for the todayâs global
village, we should take full advantage of such a religion.
This approach might be misconstrued, as if we are trying to preach a
particular Religion. All Religions have to be equally respected. But
the shortcomings of each Religion in so far as they fall short of what
is âDhammaâ have to be clearly understood and practiced. Today, all
political parties, whether they are National or Regional, have members
from all Religious denominations. Likewise, in Bahujan samaj Party also,
There are people who profess different religions. All political parties
should bear in mind the principles of secularism, and instead of
misusing Religion for political benefits, they should use Religion in
the best interests of the Country, for giving correct direction to the
Society. Now the question arises, as to which are the religions, which
help us to preserve the Unity and Integrity of the Society. To arrive at
an answer to this question, we will have to study the History of all
Religions as was done by Baba Saheb Dr Ambedkar.
After an in depth study of all Religions, he described the Teachings
of Buddha as appropriate for building an equality based social order. A
glimpse of this belief of Baba Saheb is visible in his historic speech
delivered on 14th October 1956, in Nagpur. It becomes necessary to make a
special mention of that speech so that, not only the Bahujan Samaj but
the whole society as such will realise some truths about the Teachings
of Buddha. These teachings will help in the reconstruction of the
society on equality based order.
`It is important to throw some light on the significant things which
are essential for reconstructing the social order on the basis of
equality, and which Gautam Buddha emphasised in his sermons, before we
come to the principles highlighted by Baba Saheb in his speech at
Nagpur. Gautam Buddha said, â Do not believe in traditions merely
because they have been handed down, for many generations and in many
places Do not believe in anything because it is rumored and spoken by
many. Do not believe because the written statement of some old sage is
reproduced. Do not believe in fancies, thinking that because they are
extraordinary, they must have been implanted by a deva, or a wonderful
being. Only after careful observations and analysis, when a thing agrees
with reason and is conducive to the good and benefit of one and all,
accept it and live up to it.â (Kalma Sutta, Anguttara Nikaya)
Gautam Buddha announced a social revolution for the first time in
India. He taught the lesson of equality, comradeship, mercy and
brotherhood to the entire human society, and laid the foundations for an
independent conscience, delivering the society from the slavery of
spiritualism. Atamvad, Ishwarvad, Shastravad, and religious scriptures.
It is due to his saddharma that the Country scaled heights of art and
culture. But those professing Brahmimism did not like it since the
interest of their section of society were served only by perpetuating
inequalities, through Ishwarvad and Shastravad.
As a result, Brahmins used all possible conceits and even State
power, to extinguish Saddharma and Buddhism from the very land on which
it was born, while it kept flourishing abroad, beyond the boundaries of
our Country. Not only this, the Brahmins executed hundreds of Buddhist
Monks, broke many statues of Buddha, destroyed many Monasteries, and
killed thousands of Buddhist people, and converted most of the
hardworking Buddhists of this Country into Untouchables, through the
instruments of Manuvad, This oppressed class of Untouchables had to
suffer inhuman cruelties and extreme exploitation for a long time. As a
result, this class of working people was forced to forget its own
culture and religion - in other words Buddhism itself. But on 14th
October 1956, Baba Saheb Dr Ambedkar gave a call to this oppressed and
deprived class to return to their own culture, namely Buddhism. He
showed the path to comprehensive Dalit Revolution and Independence. By
leaving Hindu religion, and returning to Buddhism alone, is emancipation
and progress of Dalits possible. Not only this, the welfare of entire
society of India and the welfare of the whole Country as such, lies only
in adopting the high human values professed by Buddhism. The Historic
words, which Baba Saheb uttered in his speech, are as follows:
WHY SHOULD WE EMBRACE BUDDHISM? - BABA SAHEB DR BR AMBEDKAR
âFollowers of Buddhist Faith, I want to explain in my address to you
today, why I have assumed the mighty responsibility of Revival and
Propagation of the Gospel of Lord Buddha. Many intellectual friends and
myself feel that theâ inductionâ ritual, which took place yesterday on
Conversion, should have preceded the Induction Ceremony, yesterday. But
what has happened, is history, and it will be of no significance to
ponder over this question of sequence now.
Why only Nagpur?
Many people have been curious to know, why did I select only Nagpur
for this monumental task, and why did I not think some other location.
Some believe that, since this town is a hub of the Rashtriya Swayam
Sevak, I have deliberately selected this venue to embarrass them, by
executing a spectacular right in their view. But it is not so. I have no
such ambition. I have neither the time nor the intention to provoke
them with such meaningless ploys. The enormous task that I have taken
upon myself is important that every minute that I spend on it is
valuable to me. The thought of RSS has not even remotely touched my mind
while selecting this venue.
Those who have studied the ancient history of India, and the
Buddhist connection, know that the credit for propagating Buddhism in
the beginning goes to Nagas. Nagas were non-Aryans, and there existed a
fierce enmity between the Aryans and the Nagas. Many battles were fought
between the Aryans and the non-Aryans. Aryans wanted to completely
annihilate the Nagas. There are many legends, to be found in the puranas
in this connection. The Sage âAgastyaâ is said to have saved one snake
deity, symbolic of Nagas. You are all supposed to be the descendents of
naga. The Nagas, who were suppressed and oppressed by the Aryans, were
on the look out for a great man to liberate them, and they found that
great man in the person of Lord Buddha. Nagas spread the Religion of the
Buddha throughout India. Nagas were predominantly the inhabitants of
Nagpur. A river flowing at a distance of 27 miles from Nagpur is also
named Nag. It appears that the Nagas lived in the banks of this river.
This is mainly the reason for selecting Nagpur for this occasion.
Conflict is possible with the RSS on any other issue, but none has
selected this venue to provoke them.
Frustration among critics
Severe criticism has been made by some NewsPapers, of this great
moment launched by me, and followed by you. According to some of my
critics, I am misguiding my own brethren. According to them, the
Untouchables will continue to remain Untouchables. Conversion will not
benefit us.
Many News papers even went to the extent of suggesting that whatever
Political Privileges are being enjoyed by the Untouchables at present,
will also be taken away after conversion. All this is absurd propaganda.
These people are of the view that, instead of exploring new avenues, we
should follow the beaten path for amelioration of our condition. This
kind of mischievous talk is likely to cause doubts in the minds of
young, as well as the older people. Therefore, I cannot desist from
answering this question. Our Movement will gain strength if such doubts
are removed. Therefore, I wish to speak on this question at length.
Mahars and Chamars should stop removing the dead bodies of buffaloes
and cows. âMahars and Chamars. Donât eat carryonâ was a slogan, which
was raised by me. Some thirty years ago, I launched this Movement on
these issues. This somehow immensely offended our Hindu friends. I asked
them, âYou take the milk from the cows and buffaloes, and when they are
dead you expect us to remove their dead bodies. Why? If you can carry
the dead bodies of your mothers to cremate, why do you not carry the
bodies of your âmother-cowsâ yourself? When I put this question to the
Hindus, they felt offended I told them, if you let us remove the dead
bodies of your mothers, we will very gladly remove the dead bodies of
your cows and buffaloes as well. A âChitpavan Brahminâ tried to prove,
through a number of letters published in âKesriâ, a Brahmin journal,
that if the Untouchables stopped removing the dead bodies of animals,
they would be put to a great financial loss. He augmented his point, by
furnishing statistical data in support of his argument. According to
him, every Chamar, who removed the dead bodies of the animal, earned
between Rs.500 and Rs.600 per annum from the sale of proceeds of skin,
horns, teeth, hoofs and bones of the dead cows. He accused me that I was
trying to deprive them, of their livelihood by preaching against this
practice. My Untouchable brethren felt confused, as to where I was
leading them.
Once I happened to visit Sangmaner, a Tehsil in the District of
Belgaum. The author of those letters, which had appeared in Kesri, met
me and repeated the same questions. I told him that, I would answer his
questions at an appropriate time. I answered the questions published in
âKesriâ in a public meeting in the following manner. âMy people do not
have sufficient food to eat. Women have no clothes to cover their
bodies. No roof over their heads to give them shelters. No land to grow
food -grains. So they are drown-trodden and poverty stricken. They are
oppressed and exploited. â I asked all those present, if they knew the
reason why? None replied from among the congregation; not even the
person who had written those letters to the âKesriâ. I told them, to
better leave us alone, and allow us to worry about ourselves. âIf you
are so much anxious about our losses, why donât you send your friends
and relatives to live in the villages, and do this dirty job of dragging
the dead bodies of animals so that they may earn Rs.500/- per annum. In
addition to that amount, I will pay Rs.500/- from my pocket as prize.
They will gain doubly. Why miss this opportunity? True, we will suffer a
loss, but you stand to gain. No caste Hindu has come forward to
undertake this job and claim the prize. Why do they feel perturbed on
seeing us making progress? I can take care of my people for the food,
clothing, houses and other things they need. You Hindus need not worry
about these things.
If we do this dirty work, it is said to be profitable, and if they
do it, it becomes non-profitable. They were welcome to remove the dead
animals and earn profit. Similarly, some people say that, some seats
have been reserved for us in the Legislature. Why are we keen to give up
that advantage by converting to Buddhism? My reply to them is that they
should let the Brahmins, Rajputs and other caste Hindus come forward,
and fill these up by becoming Chamars, sweepers and mahars.
Why should they moan over our loss, if seats Reserved for us are
left vacant? Self-Respect is more important to a man than material gains
only.
There is an area in Bombay known for prostitution. Women of easy
virtue who live there wake up at about 8 Oâclock in the morning, and
call for boys who work in the cheap restaurants, âO boys; Get a plate of
âkheemaâ and âRoti. They take âKheema rotiâ and tea. But our women do
not get âKheema rotiâ to eat. They eat ordinary âRotiâ and âChatniâ, and
remain content with that. They too can opt to live the life of
prostitutes, but they are fond of their self-respect. And Dignity is
oneâs birthright. Our ambition is to do our utmost towards achieving it
completely. No sacrifice will be enough to achieve this. Journalists
have been after me for the last forty years. I want to tell them now
that, they ought to write in a mature and considered language. We do
deserve to live with fuller Dignity, which the Hindus have hitherto
denied to us. We will achieve that fullness, after we have embraced
Buddhism.
I have been liberated from Hell
I am surprised that our Conversion is being discussed everywhere.
But, I am surprised to see that nobody has asked me the Reason why of
all the religions I have chosen Buddhism. In any Movement of Conversion,
this is a significant question to be asked. Which religion should be
adopted and why? I started the Movement of renouncing the Hindu Religion
in 1935, and since then I have been continuing the struggle. A mammoth
public meeting was held at Yeola, District Nasik in 1935, in which it
was resolved in the congregation that, we shall renounce the Hindu
religion. I had resolved then, that although I am born as a Hindu, I
would not die a Hindu. I had taken that pledge 21 years ago, and I have
fulfilled it today. This Conversion has given me enormous pleasure. I
feel as if I have been liberated from Hell. L does not want any blind
followers. Those who want to embrace Buddhism should do so after careful
thinking so that they hold on firmly to this Religion for future.
Karl Marx and Dalits
Religion is a must for the progress of mankind. I am deeply aware
that, according to a new interpretation given by Karl Marx, Religion is
an opiate. According to him, Religion has no place in life. They believe
in âeat, drink and be merry.â All that they want is bread and butter
for breakfast, delicious meals in the afternoon, nice comfortable bed to
sleep on, and cinema to while away their time. I do not somehow agree
with them. Owing to the poverty of my father, I did not have the
opportunity to enjoy any of these luxuries. None would have labored in
life as much as I have. But this ahs not made me irreligious. I known
myself what sort of hardships the poor have to bear. We must launch our
struggle keeping in view the economic aspects. I am not against this
idea. We should progress economically too. I have been struggling
throughout my life to that end. Not only this, I very much desires the
entire mankind to become economically strong.
Animal and Man
But I have my own views in this regard. There is difference between
man and animal. Whilst the beast needs nothing except its daily food for
existence, the human being is endowed with a Body and a Mind. Mind must
be developed side by side with body. Mind should also be filled with
pure and cultured thoughts. I do not consider it advantageous to have
anything to do with the Countries where people believe that eating and
drinking is separate from Development of mind. One should bear in mind
that, just as we have a healthy body in order to be able to remain free
from disease, so in order to keep the body healthy, we must also develop
a healthy Mind. Without this, all human progress will become meaning
less.
A developed Mind - the Main Force Behind Enthusiasm
What causes the disease in human body or mind? So long as the body
is in suffering, Mind cannot be happy. If the mind is not happy, there
cannot be any enthusiasm in life. Nothing can be achieved if there is no
enthusiasm.
What causes this lack of enthusiasm? It is a state of hopelessness.
If one begins to believe that there is no hope of onesâ elevation in
life, one looses enthusiasm. There can be no enthusiasm without hope.
The mind becomes diseased. When one is assured of enjoying the reward of
onesâ labour, only then one feels enriched by enthusiasm and
inspiration. If the teachers in school start commenting, âOh! This is a
Mahar boy. How did he secure the first position in the class? What
business has he to stand first in the class? Only the Brahmins are
entitled to secure the first position.â Now what enthusiasm can the
Mahar boy have in these circumstances? How will he advance in life? Mind
is the main source of generation of enthusiasm. One who has a healthy
body and a healthy mind has confidence and courage. He can fight with
all kinds of odds in life. This generates enthusiasm in him. Hinduism is
founded on ideologies and such principles of inequality and injustice,
as leave no room for the development of enthusiasm. If this religion
thrives for another thousand years, it will only produce clerks who will
do nothing except filling their bellies. Then we shall need super
clerks to protect them from injustices and various kinds of atrocities.
Common masses of Untouchables will not gain anything. If there is one
foundation for enthusiasm it is the mind. Manager is appointed in mills
to extract work from labour. Their job is only to get work from the
labour. The proprietors remain engrossed in their business, and get no
time to develop their minds. How did I get my education? Owing to
poverty, I used to attend school with nothing more than loin clothes on
my body. I was not allowed to get even water to drink in the school. I
had to go without water for many days. Untouchability was observed even
in Elphinstone College, Bombay. What can be expected in this kind of
circumstances? Untouchability cannot be removed if education produces
only slavish clerks.
Be Rulers, not Clerks.
I was an Executive Councilor in Delhi during British Rule. Lord
Linlithgow was the viceroy of India at that time. Once I asked that he
allocated Rs 3 Lacs for Aligar Muslim University for the sake of
Muslims, and Rs 3 Lacs to the Benaras Hindu University for the sake of
Hindus. But we are neither Hindus nor Muslims. An amount proportionate
to the population of the Scheduled Castes should be allocated for us.
Since that proportionate amount would be quite high you should allocate
an amount equal to that allocated to Muslims. Lord Linlithgow asked me
to give in writing whatever I wanted to say. As desired by him, I
submitted a Memorandum. Europeans were generally sympathetic in their
outlook. He agreed to my proposal, and granted a sum of Rs. 3 Lacs for
the Scheduled Castes. But the question, as to how the amount thus
allocated should be spent, could not be resolved. Viceroy wanted this
amount to be spent on education of the girls belonging to Scheduled
Castes, and suggested Boarding Houses be built for them. If this money
is spent in this manner to build Boarding Houses, in order to make the
illiterate girls belonging to the Scheduled castes educated. I thought
we should soon require money for providing them with good food too. Poor
as our people are, how shall they get these things for their daughters?
What will be the result of this education? Since these questions could
not be resolved, the Viceroy withheld the money earmarked for the
education of the Scheduled castes.
I went to Lord Linlithgow again and had a straightforward talk with
him on the topic. I put this question to the Viceroy Lord Linlithgow.
âAm I not equal to 500 graduates?â âYes, of course, you are.â Replied
Lord Linlithgow. Then I asked him, âDo you know the reason why I say
so?â He did not know. I told the Viceroy that my education that my
education is so thorough that I am capable of holding any office of the
Govt. with confidence. I need such learned men who should be capable of
holding key position whence they should work in the most effective
manner for the betterment of the community.
If you really want to do something for the betterment of the
âuntouchablesâ you will have to produce such people as would be able to
ameliorate their condition. How will it help to merely help produce
clerks? Lord Linlithgow acceded to my suggestion, and sent 16 boys
belonging to Scheduled castes abroad for higher education.
YESTERDAY
âChaturvarna, Gandhi and Religion
We have been living in this country for thousands of years, in a
hopeless system, which generates no enthusiasm. So long as the present
system continues, there is no scope for generation of any enthusiasm for
our progress. Smarting under Hindu religion, which is founded on
inequality and injustice, we can achieve nothing. Manusmriti describes
the âChaturvarnaâ. This âChaturvarnaâ is disastrous for the progress of
mankind. Under this system, the Shudras are restricted to performance of
drudgeries only. They have nothing to do with education. Who would be
interested in ameliorating their lot? Brahmins, Kshatriyas and vaishyas
benefit alike from the slavish condition of Shudras. Shudras have
nothing but slavery to share. Chaturvarna cannot just be blown away. It
is not only a part of tradition; it has become a religion.
There is no equality in Hinduism. I once went to see Gandhiji.
Gandhiji told me that he believed in CHATURVARNA. âWhat kind of
Chaturvarnaâ? I enquired, pointing towards my hand with the little
finger in the bottom and thumb on the top or this way - with the palm
lying flat on the surface of the table and fingers lying side by side.
âWhat do you mean by the Chaturvarna? Where does it begin and where does
it end?â I asked Gandhiji. Gandhiji could not reply.
Those who have ruined us, this unjust religion of theirs will be
annihilated in front of them. I do not accuse the Hindu religion in
vain. This sinful religion cannot save any body. It has no life left in
it.â Dr.B.R.Ambedkar
TODAY
Bahujan Samaj Party under the able Ms. Mayawati, Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh Donât Delude: They deliver
The Facts Speak for Themselves
· 69% reduction in crime.
· Rs. 7000 crore Water Restructuring Project Launched
· Rs. 3000 Crore State Roads Project initiated.
· Highest external aid received and utilised in last 5 years.
· Construction of Rs. 2500 crore first accesses controlled expressway of India between Greater Nouda & Agra started.
· 650 crore PM Rural Roads Projects implemented.
· First State to provide legal framework for SEZs.
· Proposal of Rs. 1900 crore for new industries.
· 1.87 lakh landless dalits provided ownership of village land.
· 89,000 landless given new land leases.
· 1001 new urban development projects launched.
· 96 crore Dr.Ambedkar Memorial dedicated to people.
âĶAnd all this happened in just One Year It needed courage with Vision to realise it.
Mayawati moots reservation in cabinet
The Bahujan Samaj Party today advocated reservation in the Council
of Ministers in order to ensure adequate reservation for Scheduled
Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
While supporting the move to limit the size of Ministries both at
the Centre and the States, the Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister and BSP
vice-president, Mayawati said that she had instructed her party leaders
in the Lok Sabah to seek a clause providing reservation for the SCs and
the STs, âkeeping in mind their populationâ.
Addressing the media at NEW DELHI on 03-04-2003, on completion of
one-year of her coalition Government, Ms Mayawati said the BSP would
also support the Centreâs move to introduce legislation to tackle the
problem of defection. âWe will vote in favour of both the Bills and help
in their passage.â To a question on the BSPâs viewpoint to ban
religious conversion, Ms Mayawati said there was no objection to the
move to check forcible conversions. Otherwise the constitution permitted
the freedom to practice any religion. Incidentally, Ms Mayawati had
warned at the Lucknow rally on April 14, that unless Hindu religion
leaders eliminated discriminatory practices, the âBahujan â samaj led by
her would embrace Buddhism.
The BSP would also support Central ligislation to ban cow slaughter
and such a law was already in place in Uttar Pradesh. Asked about her
Governmentâs stand on the VHPâs âtrishulâ (trident-anodized plastic)
distribution programme, Ms.mayawati said she agreed with the Deputy
Prime Minister, L.K.Advaniâs remarks that it marred the organisationâs
image. However, she said the VHP had already carried on some âminorâ
programme in the state. âI would not commit the mistake of carrying out
(their) arrest like Rajastan did and make him (VHP leader Praveen
Togadia) a hero,â she said.
In the same breath, she warned that if the Samajawadi Party
attempted to distribute swords, as the party leaders did at a rally in
Delhi, they would be proceeded against under the Arms Act.
The BSP would go it alone in the Assembly elections in Madya
Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Delhi and Rajastan later this year. Talks on
seat-sharing arrangement with the BJP for U.P. ahead of the next general
elections would take place only after the Assembly polls.
The BSP would field a candidate against the Mahashtra Chief Minister, Sushil Kumar Shinde.
TOMORROW
âI will be the best PM and Mayawati is my chosen heirâ
âI will be the best Prime Minister. I have already declared at the Lucknow rally that Mayawati is my chosen political heir.â
Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) Chief Kanshi Ram appeared out of the blue
in the mid-70s to pose a challenge to the powerful and influential
leaders of Indian politics. The former employee of a steel plant set out
to rid society of its most potent evil - the caste system - and give
dignity and freedom to his constituency, the Dalits. It has been two
decades since he began, and Kanshi Ram is still energetic despite a
debilitating illness.
Today, the BSP rules Indiaâs largest state, UP, and is a national
party. Kanshi Ram spends his time Travelling in states as far flung as
Punjab, AP, and MP and Gujarat ââaddressing the public, creating leaders
for his party and building the future’â. His views on why he aligned
with ââcasteist’â and ââcommunal’â parties like BJP are well known - for
Dalit empowerment -
âYes, I was influenced by the writings on the caste struggle of
Ambedkar, Jyotibhai Phule and Shahu Maharaj, who were all from
Maharashtra. I am a chamar from Punjab but we were an educated people
because of the Sikh religion. We even had an IAS officer from our
village soon after Independence. It became clear that if I had to take
the fight of the chamars against upper caste oppression, I should first
mobilise educated and employed chamars like me, because they have the
resources and the ability to comprehend. And, so, Bamcef, a federation
representing them, was born in Pune around 1975, but I shifted my
headquarters to Delhi. The majority of chamars are in north India.
Yes. I saw the Congress was the most powerful in the chamar belt -
extending from Jammu in the north to Dhanbad in the east including
Madhya Pradesh in the south. The Congress had cleverly got a stooge in
Jagjivan Ram, a chamar leader, whose only job was to keep the community
in the Congress fold and to ensure that the radical writings of Ambedkar
did not enter the region. I decided to break Jagjivan Ramâs grip and
finish the manuvadi (upper caste) Congress here.
Nothing in my life is immediate. When word got around that there was
a new chamar leader, Indira Gandhi began strengthening the hands of
Jagjivan Ram, but it proved costly. It finally led Jagjivan Ram to
challenge her leadership by wanting to become PM and he was forced to
leave the party.
The BSP was founded in 1984 and in 1985, it contested the UP
assembly elections by fielding more than 200 candidates. We did not win a
single seat but the Congress lost 165 seats because we split its votes.
It was the beginning of the end.
Is it wrong for the chamars to have their own leader and party to
fight for dignity and justice? The BSP represents the chamars and we had
got 18 varieties of chamars under one umbrella
in UP.
But ours is a strange Country. If all Kasatriyas get killed, all the
warriors get killed. This has been happening in the past. That is why
our Country became slave, so many times. If we were allowed to bear
arms, this Country would never have been subjugated, as no invader would
have been able to conquer this Country.
Buddhism has hope for this Country
There is no salvation for anybody in Hinduism. According to the
tenets of Hinduism only the so-called higher castes have been benefited.
There is no exaggeration in my statement. What has the Shudras or the
Ati-Shudras gained? As soon as the wife of a Brahmin conceives, she
thinks oh the High Court, whether any post of a Judge has fallen vacant,
but when our woman becomes pregnant, she cannot think anything better
than a sweeperâs post under the Municipal Committee. This deplorable
situation exists only because of Hinduism. How can we gain by staying in
this system? It is only by embracing Buddhism that we can hope to gain
anything.
Brahmins and Shudras alike embraced the religion of Lord Buddha.
While delivering a Sermon to the original Bhikkus, Lord Buddha said, âOâ
Bhikkus, you have come from different Countries and various Castes,
Great rivers when they flow in different Countries maintain their
individual flow, but, after falling into the ocean, they loose their
separate identities. Buddhism is like that ocean. All are one and equal
in this ocean. It is not possible to identify the waters of Ganga or
Yamuna when they have merged. Similarly after embracing Buddhism, you
are all one.â Such was the teaching of Lord Buddha.
I have a grave Responsibility on my Shoulders
Some people ask me why I have taken so long to take a decision to
Change of Religion? What was I doing all these years? This is a very
serious question. It is an enormous task to persuade people about the
merits of a Religion. It is not a task only one man can perform. You
will understand the enormity of the matter, if you meditate on the
principles of the Dhaka. I have a great responsibility on my shoulders.
No other person in the world has had to shoulder such an enormous
responsibility. If I live for a few more years, I will bring this task
that I have undertaken to a successful end. (Slogans of Baba Saheb
Zindabad) We will not be Untouchable Buddhists
Some people will naturally ask this question, what will the
Untouchables gain by embracing Buddhism? My only assertion in this
regard is that, you should not ask this question since, it is worthless
to ask it. Religion is not necessary for the well to do. Those who are
holding high positions in life, have nice bungalows to live in. money to
buy all comforts of life, and servants to attend on them. Practicing a
Religion or thinking about it has no use for them.
Religion has use for the poor
It is the poor who need Religion. The suffering and the oppressed
need Religion. The poor live on Hope. Hope is Foundation of Action in
Life. Life cannot go on if Hope is demolished. Religion affords this
Hope to everyone. Religion gives solace to the poor and the oppressed,
and assures that life is full of Hope. This is the reason why the poor
cling to Religion.
Some people will, no doubt, say that the Buddhism is the Religion of
the untouchables. Brahmins used to irreverently address Lord Buddha as
âBho-Gautamaâ. They used to insult and disrespect him with such names.
But as you know, if the idols of Rama, Krishna, or Shankara are kept for
sale in foreign countries, nobody would buy them. But if the images of
Buddha are kept for sale none will be left. So much has happened and has
been witnessed in India. Let us look outside the Country also. If there
is an Indian God whose name is popular abroad, it is Lord Buddha.
We shall follow our path, undaunted. Let others follow their own
path. We have found a new way to life and we shall follow it. This path
symbolises Hope. This path leads to progress. In fact we have not
imported it from outside. Buddhism is the Religion of this country. It
is more than two thousand years old.
I feel sorry for the fact that I did not embrace this Religion
earlier. The teachings of Buddha are eternal, but even then Buddha did
not proclaim them to be infallible. The Religion of Buddha has the
capacity to change according to times - a quality, which no other
Religion can claim to have.
The decline of Buddhism
Main reason for the decline of Buddhism in India, was the invasion
of India by the Moslems. Thousands of images were mutilated and
destroyed. Viharas were desecrated and thousands of Bhikkus were
massacred. Terrified by these ghastly events, the Bhikkus fled to the
adjoining Countries. Some went to Tibet. Some went to China. They spread
throughout the world. The result was that, the Bhikkus disappeared from
this Country.
There was a Greek King in North West Province, called King Menander.
He was an expert on the religious Discourses. He had defeated the
Brahmins many a time during the religious Discourses. He asked his
servants to invite Bhikkus and the scholars of Buddhism to his court.
The Bhikkus approached Nagasena, a learned versatile Bhikku, to discuss
the Religion of Buddha. Menander asked him a question, as to what leads
to downfall of a Religion. In his answer, Nagasena listed three causes
of the ruination of a Religion. Firstly, if a Religion is not based on
Truth, and its basic principles are not cogent, it does not last long.
It has only temporary existence. Secondly if its preachers are not
learned enough, the Religion cannot be sustained. Thirdly, if the
Religion and its principles do not get translated into the Temples and
other modes of worship among common people, then also that Religion
declines.
You must bear in mind, some facts while accepting Buddhism. You must
not think that the Teachings of Buddhism are of temporary value, and
are not likely to last longer. Even after a lapse of 2,500 years, the
world respects the Teachings of Buddha. There are as many 2000
Institutions of the followers of Buddhism in the United States of
America. In England, a Buddhist Vihara has been built at a cost of Rs.3,
00,000. There are some 3000 or 4000 Institutions founded in the name of
Buddha in Germany. The Principles of Buddha are Eternal, but in spite
of this fact Buddha did not claim any Divine Status for himself, nor did
he claim his Faith to be Infallible. Buddha did not say that he was the
Son of God, or the last Prophet Messenger of God. On the contrary he
said, âMy Father and my Mother are ordinary mortalsâ. Only those people
should embrace this Religion who earnestly believe in it. For such high
principles are not to be found in any other Religion.
There is a world of difference between this Religion and other
Religions of the world. Main Principles of Buddhism form no part of
theistic Religions. According to other Religions, God created the world,
this Earth, and thereafter he created Heaven, Air Moon and other
planets. God has done all that was required to be done, and there
remains nothing for us to do. All that we are required to do is, just to
sing the praises of Almighty God. According to Christianity, there will
be a day of Judgement after death. Everything will be determined on the
basis of that Judgement. This does not appeal to rational man today.
Buddhism denies the existence of God and Soul. The real basis of
Buddhism is, rational way to eradicate suffering. âThere isâ Buddha
said, âsuffering in the world-suffering wide spreadâ. Ninety- percent
people are afflicted with suffering or misery of some kind or other. The
main object of Buddhism is to emancipate the suffering humanity. The
question arises then, what is the use of Das Kapital? I believe that
Karl Marx was behind Buddha. For, he did not say anything that had not
been brought to light by the Buddha himself, some two thousand and four
hundred years before Karl Marx was born. Whatever Buddha said was
simple, and the path he showed was straight.
Brothers and Sisters, that is all I had to say. This Religion is the best of all. It is an all-comprehensive Religion.
There are some such ingredients in Hindu religion as inhibits any
kind of enthusiasm. This Religion has not permitted any member of our
samaj, to become a scholar for thousands of years.
I do not hesitate to tell you, some of the bitter facts about my
childhood. There was a Maratha maid in our school. She was herself
uneducated, but she never used to teach me. My mother had taught me to
address every senior person with respect. I used to address, even the
postman of the school with respect. Once I felt thirsty in School. I
requested the teacher for water. The teacher called the peon, and asked
him to open the tap, and I drank the water. If the peon used to be
absent from School, I used to go without water for days together in
School. I used to return home thirsty, and drink water after reaching
home. When I returned after receiving higher Education, I was offered
the post of District Judge. But I did not accept this offer, considering
that if I accepted this post, I would not be able to serve my people.
It is only on these considerations that I did not accept Government
Service.
With the education, intelligence, knowledge and experience that I
have, it is not difficult for me to oppose or fight against any evil.
But there is a mountain - colossal mountain of caste hierarchy,
vaishyas, Brahmins, Kshatriyas sitting on our heads. The question before
us is how to topple it down and blast it. To be able to do so, I will
write books, remove all your doubts and acquaint you fully with the
Religion of Buddha. I owe it as a duty. Have full faith in me and follow
me.
Some people say that, Buddhism is on its deathbed or practically
dead. If it is so, it is our duty to awaken it to better status. We
should act in a manner so as to enthuse, inspire respect among other
people. We should arrange discourses.
Elevate yourself and the world
A great responsibility has fallen on your shoulders now. It is a
significant matter. Donât think that this Religion is like the dog
collar tied around your neck. Buddhism considers that this Country is
ours, has become a desert. Now it has fallen on you that you should
endeavor to follow this Religion sincerely. If you do not do so, people
will laugh at this Conversion. Pledge today, to liberate yourself, and
to elevate your Country and the World in general. Buddhism can alone
salvage the World. Until Justice Rules the World, World peace cannot be
there.
Donate 1/20th of your Income
The task you have taken in hand is of immense responsibility. You
have resolved to labor hard, to complete it. The young among us have to
work hard. This thing you have to bear in mind. Do not be interested in
your bread. You must resolve to contribute at least 1/20th of your
income for the propagation of the Dhamma. I am to carry you all with me.
Bhagwan Buddha used to carry out Initiation Ceremony himself. When it
became unmanageable for one person, he allowed that work to be shared by
other competent persons among his followers. You might have heard the
name of one âYashaâ. He was the scion of a rich family. Yasha became his
Disciple, and there were forty more men who followed him. Bhagwan told
them, âMy Religion is for the good of many; for in the good of many,
lies the happiness for many. This is good in the beginning; this is good
in the middle, and this is good in the endâ.
Buddha adopted the method of preaching according to circumstances
then prevailing. Accordingly, we too should adopt the method, which is
most suitable to the existing circumstances. There are no Bhikkus in
this Country now to do this work. So every one of us has to take
âdeekshaâ. Every Buddhist has the right to initiate others, by
administering the 22 vows, which are as follows:
The 22 Vows of Buddhism
1. I shall have no faith in Brahma, Vishnu and mahesh, nor shall I worship them.
2. I shall have no faith in Rama and Krishna, nor shall I worship them.
3. I shall have no faith in âGauriâ, Ganapathi and other gods and goddesses of Hindus, nor shall I worship them.
4. I do not believe in the incarnation of God.
5.
I do not and shall not believe that, Lord Buddha was the incarnation
of Vishnu. I believe this is to be sheer madness of false propaganda.
6. I shall not perform âshraddhaâ, nor shall I give âpind-danâ.
7. I shall not act in a manner, violating the Principles and Teachings of Buddha.
8. I shall not allow any Ceremonies to be performed by Brahmins. 9. I shall believe in the Equality of Man.
10. I shall endeavor to establish Equality.
11. I shall follow the ânoble eight pathâ of the Buddha. 12. I shall follow the âparamitasâ prescribed by the Buddha.
13. I shall have compassion and loving kindness, for all living beings, and protect them.
14. I shall not steal.
15. I shall not tell lies.
16. I shall not commit carnal sins.
17. I shall not take intoxicants.
18. I shall endeavor to mould my life, to the practice of compassion and loving kindness in every day life.
19. I renounce Hinduism, which is harmful for humanity, and which
impedes the advancement and development of humanity, because it is based
on inequality, and adopt Buddhism as my Religion.
20. I firmly believe the Dhamma of the Buddha is the only true Religion.
21. I believe that I am having re-birth.
22. I solemnly declare and affirm that, I shall hereafter lead my
life, according to the Principles and teachings of the Buddha and his
Dhamma. Baba Saheb Dr. Ambekar
Thus, on 14th October 1956, Baba Saheb Dr. Ambedkar, the true
Buddhist, underwent the Initiation Ceremony into Buddhism, the Religion
founded by Lord Buddha, along with Lacs of followers. Some people call
it Conversion, and some describe it merely as modification of Religious
Belief. As a matter of fact, this was not a Conversion. What happened is
that, thanks to the guidance of Baba Saheb Dr. Ambedkar, a very large
number of people returned to the Religion practiced by their
forefathers. They returned to a Religion, to coax the masses to abstain
from which, the conservative Brahmins had conspired for ages. We have
escaped mirage set out by them, and have adopted the right path. This
will be recorded, as the most important convention Free Revolution. When
in the remote future, History is recalled, this day the 14th of October
will be recalled as the day of the Emancipation of the dalits.
Here, the author of the book âBAHUJAN SAMAJ AUR USKI RAJNITYâ Kumari
Mayawati clarified that âBaba Saheb Dr.Ambedkar did prefer Buddhism on
account of certain values vouched by this Religion, but this should not
be taken to mean that he was against other religions. Even about
Hinduism Baba Saheb Dr. Ambedkar had said that if fundamentalist Hindus
purge this religion of its objectionable principles, even this religion
can prove to be beneficial to mankind. These ideas of Baba Saheb Dr.
Ambedkar became abundantly clear from his utterances while introducing
the Hindu Code Bill in the Parliament in his capacity as the first Law
Minister of India. He said, âIf you wish to protect the Hindu-system,
the Hindu-culture and the Hindu-society, do not hesitate to remove the
evils that have crept into them. This Bill intends nothing beyond
removing such evilsâ. He held respect for all Religions likewise.
The significance of the above event is, however, much larger. By
embracing Buddhism, Baba Saheb Dr. Ambedkar made the poor and the
oppressed, the repositories of the richest Culture of the World.
Much before Baba Saheb Dr. Ambedkar, Mahatma Jotiba Phule, goaded by
the tyranny and oppression perpetrated by caste system, had begun the
struggle to transform the manuvadi social order, based on inequalities,
into an order based on equality. But Jotiba Phule expired in 1890. Dr.
Ambedkar was born after one year of the death of this founding father
and pioneer of the Social Revolution. Baba Saheb sacrificed his entire
life, for the establishment of society based on equality, based on the
inspiration he received from the life of Mahatma Jotiba Phule and Lord
Buddha. Simultaneously, Sri. Harichand Thakur and Shri.
Guruchand Thakur, who belonged to the Chandal Community of the
Scheduled castes, and graduated to be barristers, thanks to the British
Rule, started work on social reforms. Chatrapathi Shauji Maharaj of
Kholapur, made his own contributions towards ushering a Revolution in
the Bahujan samaj. Periyar Ramaswamy and Narayan Guru, also struggled
against manuvad. Similarly, our saints and Gurus, also spread the
message of humanism and human brotherhood and fought against manuvad.
To be able to transform the brahminical social order, the members of
Bahujan Samaj must understand their own History, apart from the History
of manuvad samaj. Otherwise, they will continue to be exploited by a
handful of dominant caste hindu people, who constitute only 15% of the
total population. Besides it is necessary for them to understand their
own History in order to consolidate and organise the Bahujan samaj. They
cannot capture Political Power at the Centre and the States, even
though Baba Saheb Dr. Ambedkar had cleared their way to Political Power,
through the Constitution of India. A colleague of Baba Saheb asked a
question about this, sometimes before he died in 1956. The collegue
asked as to why he did he remain cheerful and happy those days. To this
Baba Saheb replied that, he had pledged to restore the reins of the
Country to its original rulers, and that with the promulgation of the
Constitution on 26th January 1950, he had won the battle. How do you say
that, the inquisitive colleague retorted, since the Prime Minister and
most of the Ministers then belonged to the dominant hindu castes. To
this Baba Saheb Ambedkar replied stating that, so far as he was
concerned, by introducing the Democratic System of Governance and
Universal Adult Franchise, he had handed over the potential capacity to
capture Political Power to the majority community of Bahujan Samaj.
That, as on date, the Samaj was not capable of controlling the Reins of
the Government, but in the coming 30 years the Samaj will get educated,
and will grow strong enough to gain political control of the Country.
Keeping in view the above facts, my appeal to the Members of the
Bahujan Samaj is that, if they aspire to stand on their own feet, the
first thing for them is to understand their own History and the
struggles of their Ancestors. Failing this, the Members of the manuvad
samaj will continue to exploit our ignorance, and will make it difficult
for us to progress in any walk of lifeâ.
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Baba Saheb Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar
Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (1891â1956) popularly known as Babasaheb, was
an Indian jurist, economist, politician and social reformer who
inspired the Dalit Buddhist movement and campaigned against social
discrimination against Untouchables (Dalits), while also supporting the
rights of women and labour He was Independent Indiaâs first law minister
and the principal architect of the Constitution of India.
His Birth and Greatness Foretold
On April 14th, 1891 a son was born to Bhimabai and Ramji Ambadvekar. His
father Ramji was an army officer stationed at Mhow in Madhya Pradesh â
he had risen to the highest rank an Indian was allowed to hold at that
time under British rule. His mother decided to call her son Bhim. Before
the birth, Ramjiâs uncle, who was a man living the religious life of a
sanyasi, foretold that this son would achieve worldwide fame. His
parents already had many children. Despite that, they resolved to make
every effort to give him a good education.
Early Life and First School of Ambedkar
Two years later, Ramji retired from the army, and the family moved to
Dapoli in the Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra, from where they came
originally. Bhim was enrolled at school when he was five years old. The
whole family had to struggle to live on the small army pension Ramji
received.
When some friends found Ramji a job at Satara, things seemed to be
looking up for the family, and they moved again. Soon after, however,
tragedy struck. Bhimabai, who had been ill, died. Bhimâs aunt Mira,
though she herself was not in good health, took over the care of the
children. Ramji read stories from the epics Mahabharata and Ramayana to
his children, and sang devotional songs to them. In this way, home life
was still happy for Bhim, his brothers and sisters. He never forgot the
influence of his father. It taught him about the rich cultural tradition
shared by all Indians.
The Shock of Prejudice â Casteism
Bhim began to notice that he and his family were treated differently. At
high school he had to sit in the corner of the room on a rough mat,
away from the desks of the other pupils. At break-time, he was not
allowed to drink water using the cups his fellow school children used.
He had to hold his cupped hands out to have water poured into them by
the school caretaker. Bhim did not know why he should be treated
differently â what was wrong with him?
Once, he and his elder brother had to travel to Goregaon, where
their father worked as a cashier, to spend their summer holidays. They
got off the train and waited for a long time at the station, but Ramji
did not arrive to meet them. The station master seemed kind, and asked
them who they were and where they were going. The boys were very
well-dressed, clean, and polite. Bhim, without thinking, told him they
were Mahars (a group classed as âuntouchablesâ). The station master was
stunned â his face changed its kindly expression and he went away.
Bhim decided to hire a bullock-cart to take them to their father â this
was before motor cars were used as taxis â but the cart-men had heard
that the boys were âuntouchablesâ, and wanted nothing to do with them.
Finally, they had to agree to pay double the usual cost of the journey,
plus they had to drive the cart themselves, while the driver walked
beside it. He was afraid of being polluted by the boys, because they
were âuntouchablesâ.
However, the extra money persuaded him that he could have his cart
âpurifiedâ later! Throughout the journey, Bhim thought constantly about
what had happened â yet he could not understand the reason for it. He
and his brother were clean and neatly dressed. Yet they were supposed to
pollute and make unclean everything they touched and all that touched
them. How could that be possible?
Bhim never forgot this incident. As he grew up, such senseless insults
made him realise that what Hindu society called âuntouchabilityâ was
stupid, cruel, and unreasonable. His sister had to cut his hair at home
because the village barbers were afraid of being polluted by an
âuntouchableâ. If he asked her why they were âuntouchablesâ, she could
only answer -that is the way it has always been.â Bhim could not be
satisfied with this answer. He knew that -it has always been that wayâ
does not mean that there is a just reason for it â or that it had to
stay that way forever. It could be changed.
An Outstanding Scholar
At this time in his young life, with his mother dead, and father working
away from the village where Bhim went to school, he had some good
fortune. His teacher, though from a âhighâ caste, liked him a lot. He
praised Bhimâs good work and encouraged him, seeing what a bright pupil
he was. He even invited Bhim to eat lunch with him â something that
would have horrified most high caste Hindus. The teacher also changed
Bhimâs last name to Ambedkar â his own name.
When his father decided to remarry, Bhim was very upset â he still
missed his mother so much. Wanting to run away to Bombay, he tried to
steal his auntâs purse. When at last he managed to get hold of it, he
found only one very small coin. Bhim felt so ashamed. He put the coin
back and made a vow to himself to study very hard and to become
independent.
Soon he was winning the highest praise and admiration from all his
teachers. They urged Ramji to get the best education fro his son Bhim.
So Ramji moved with his family to Bombay. They all had to live in just
one room, in an area where the poorest of the poor lived, but Bhim was
able to go to Elphinstone High School â one of the best schools in all
of India.
In their one room everyone and everything was crowed together and the
streets outside were very noisy. Bhim went to sleep when he got home
from school. Then his father would wake him up at two oâclock in the
morning! Everything was quiet then â so he could do his homework and
study in peace.
In the big city, where life was more modern than in the villages, Bhim
found that he was still called an âuntouchableâ and treated as if
something made him different and bad â even at his famous school.
One day, the teacher called him up to the blackboard to do a sum. All the other boys jumped up and made a big fuss.
Their lunch boxes were stacked behind the blackboard â they believed
that Bhim would pollute the food! When he wanted to learn Sanskrit, the
language of the Hindu holy scriptures, he was told that it was
forbidden for âuntouchablesâ to do so. He had to study Persian instead â
but he taught himself Sanskrit later in life.
Educational qualifications of Dr.B R Ambedkar
1 .Elementary Education, 1902 Satara, Maharashtra
2. Matriculation, 1907, Elphinstone High School, Bombay Persian etc.,
3. Inter 1909, Elphinstone College,Bombay
4. B.A, 1913, Elphinstone College, Bombay, University of Bombay, Economics & Political Science
5. M.A, 1915 Majoring in Economics and with Sociology, History
Philosophy, Anthropology and Politics as the other subjects of study.
6. Ph.D, 1917, Columbia University conferred a Degree of Ph.D.
7. MSc. 1921 June, London School of Economics, London. Thesis â
âProvincial Decentralization of Imperial Finance in British Indiaâ
8. Barrister-at- Law 30-9-1920 Grayâs Inn, London Law
(1922-23, Spent some time in reading economics in the University of Bonn in Germany.)
9. DSc. 1923 Nov London School of Economics, London âThe Problem of the
Rupee â Its origin and its solutionâ was accepted for the degree of DSc.
(Economics).
10. L.L.D (Honoris Causa) 5-6-1952 Columbia University, New York For HIS
achievements, Leadership and authoring the constitution of India
11. D.Litt (Honoris Causa) 12-1-1953 Osmania University, Hyderabad For
HIS achievements, Leadership and writing the constitution of India
12. NO 1 scholar in the World 13/9/2015 Columbia University , New York
His coursework during his three years (including summers) at Columbia
consisted of: 29 courses in economics, 11 in history, 6 in sociology, 5
in philosophy, 4 in anthropology, 3 in politics, and 1 each in
elementary French and German.
(Source: Office of the Registrar, Columbia University.)
Matriculation and Marriage
In due course, Bhim passed his Matriculation Exam. He had already come
to the attention of some people interested in improving society. So when
he passed the exam, a meeting was arranged to congratulate him â he was
the first âuntouchableâ from his community to pass it.
Bhim was then 17 years old. Early marriage was common in those days, so
he was married to Ramabai the same year. He continued to study hard and
passed the next Intermediate examination with distinction. However,
Ramji found himself unable to keep paying the school fees. Through
someone interested in his progress, Bhim was recommended to the Maharaja
Gaekwad of Baroda.
The Shahu Maharaja granted him a monthly scholarship. With the help of
this, Bhimrao (âraoâ is added to names in Maharashtra as a sign of
respect) passed his B.A. in 1912. Then he was given a job in the civil
service â but only two weeks after starting, he had to rush home to
Bombay. Ramji was very ill, and died soon afterwards. He had done all he
could for his son, laying the foundations for Bhimraoâs later
achievements.
Studies in the USA and the UK
The Maharaja of Baroda had a scheme to send a few outstanding scholars
abroad for further studies. Of course, Bhimrao was selected â but he had
to sign an agreement to serve Baroda state for ten years on finishing
his studies.
In 1913, he went to the USA where he studied at the world-famous
Columbia University, New York. The freedom and equality he experienced
in America made a very strong impression on Bhimrao. It was so
refreshing for him to be able to live a normal life, free from the caste
prejudice of India. He could do anything he pleased â but devoted his
time to studying. He studied eighteen hours a day. Visits to bookshops
were his favourite entertainment!
His main subjects were Economics and Sociology. In just two years he had
been awarded an M.A. â the following year he completed his Ph.D.
thesis. Then he left Columbia and went to England, where he joined the
London School of Economics. However, he had to leave London before
completing his course because the scholarship granted by the State of
Baroda expired. Bhimrao had to wait three years before he could return
to London to complete his studies.
Return to India â Nightmare in Baroda
So he was called back to India to take up a post in Baroda as agreed. He
was given an excellent job in the Baroda Civil Service. Bhimrao now
held a doctorate, and was being trained for a top job. Yet, he again ran
into the worst features of the Hindu caste system. This was all the
more painful, because for the past four years he had been abroad, living
free from the label of âuntouchable.â
No one at the office where he worked would hand over files and papers to
him â the servant threw them onto his desk. Nor would they give him
water to drink. No respect was given to him, merely because of his
caste.
He had to go from hotel to hotel looking for a room, but none of them
would take him in. At last he had found a place to live in a Parsi guest
house, but only because he had finally decided to keep his caste
secret.
He lived there in very uncomfortable conditions, in a small bedroom with
a tiny cold-water bathroom attached. He was totally alone there with no
one to talk to. There were no electric lights or even oil lamps â so
the place was completely dark at night.
Bhimrao was hoping to find somewhere else to live through his civil
service job, but before he could, one morning as he was leaving for work
a gang of angry men carrying sticks arrived outside his room. They
accused him of polluting the hotel and told him to get out by evening â
or else! What could he do? He could not stay with either of the two
acquaintances he had in Baroda for the same reason â his low caste.
Bhimrao felt totally miserable and rejected.
Bombay â Beginning Social Activity
He had no choice. After only eleven days in his new job, he had to
return to Bombay. He tried to start a small business there, advising
people about investments â but it too failed once customers learned of
his caste.
In 1918, he became a lecturer at Sydenham College in Bombay. There, his
students recognised him as a brilliant teacher and scholar. At this time
he also helped to found a Marathi newspaper âMook Nayakâ (Leader of the
Dumb) to champion the cause of the âuntouchablesâ. He also began to
organise and attend conferences, knowing that he had to begin to
proclaim and publicise the humiliations suffered by the Dalits â âthe
oppressedâ â and fight for equal rights. His own life had taught him the
necessity of the struggle for emancipation.
Completion of Education â Leader of Indiaâs Untouchables
In 1920, with the help of friends, he was able to return to London to
complete his studies in Economics at LSE. He also enrolled to study as a
Barrister at Grayâs Inn. In 1923, Bhimrao returned to India with a
Doctorate in Economics from the LSE â he was perhaps the first Indian to
have a Doctorate from this world-famous institution. He had also
qualified as a Barrister-at-Law.
Back in India, he knew that nothing had changed.
His qualifications meant nothing as far as the practice of
Untouchability was concerned â it was still an obstacle to his career.
However, he had received the best education anyone in the world could
get, and was well equipped to be a leader of the Dalit community. He
could argue with and persuade the best minds of his time on equal terms.
He was an expert on the law, and could give convincing evidence before
British commissions as an eloquent and gifted speaker. Bhimrao dedicated
the rest of his life to his task.
He became known by his increasing number of followers â those
âuntouchablesâ he urged to awake â as Babasaheb Ambedkar. Knowing the
great value and importance of education, in 1924 he founded an
association called Bahiskrit Hitakarini Sabha. This set up hostels,
schools, and free libraries. To improve the lives of Dalits, education
had to reach everyone. Opportunities had to be provided at grass roots
level â because knowledge is power.
Leading Peaceful Agitation
In 1927 Babasaheb Ambedkar presided over a conference at Mahad in Kolaba
District. There he said: -It is time we rooted out of our minds the
ideas of high and low. We can attain self-elevation only if we learn
self-help and regain our self-respect.â
Because of his experience of the humiliation and injustice of
untouchability, he knew that justice would not be granted by others.
Those who suffer injustice must secure justice for themselves.
The Bombay Legislature had already passed a Bill allowing everyone to
use public water tanks and wells. (We have seen how Bhim was denied
water at school, in his office, and at other places. Public water
facilities were always denied to âuntouchablesâ because of the
superstitious fear of âpollution.â)
Mahad Municipality had thrown open the local water tank four years
earlier, but so far not one âuntouchableâ had dared to drink or draw
water from it. Babasaheb Ambedkar led a procession from the Conference
on a peaceful demonstration to the Chowdar Tank. He knelt and drank
water from it. After he set this example, thousands of others felt
courageous enough to follow him. They drank water from the tank and made
history. For many hundreds of years, âuntouchablesâ had been forbidden
to drink public water.
When some caste Hindus saw them drinking water, they believed the tank
had been polluted and violently attacked the Conference, but Babasaheb
Ambedkar insisted violence would not help â he had given his word that
they would agitate peacefully.
Babasaheb Ambedkar started a Marathi journal Bahishkrit Bharat (âThe
Excluded of Indiaâ). In it, he urged his people to hold a satyagraha
(non-violent agitation) to secure the right of entry to the Kala Ram
Temple at Nasik. âuntouchablesâ had always been forbidden to enter Hindu
temples. The demonstration lasted for a month. Then they were told they
would be able to take part in the annual temple festival. However, at
the festival they had stones thrown at them â and were not allowed to
take part. Courageously, they resumed their peaceful agitation. The
temple had to remain closed for about a year, as they blocked its
entrance.
Round Table Conferences
Meanwhile, the Indian Freedom Movement had gained momentum under the
leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. In 1930, a Round Table Conference was held
by the British Government in London to decide the future of India.
Babasaheb Ambedkar represented the âuntouchablesâ.
He said there: -The Depressed Classes of India also join in the
demand for replacing the British Government by a Government of the
people and by the peopleâĶ Our wrongs have remained as open sores and
have not been righted although 150 years of British rule have rolled
away. Of what good is such a Government to anybody?â
Soon a second conference was held, which Mahatma Gandhi attended
representing the Congress Party. Babasaheb Ambedkar met Gandhi in Bombay
before they went to London. Gandhi told him that he had read what
Babasaheb said at the first conference. Gandhi told Babasaheb Ambedkar
he knew him to be a real Indian patriot.
At the Second Conference, Babasaheb Ambedkar asked for a separate
electorate for the Depressed Classes. -Hinduismâ, he said, -has given us
only insults, misery, and humiliation.â A separate electorate would
mean that the âuntouchablesâ would vote for their own candidates and be
allotted their votes separate from the Hindu majority.
Babasaheb was made a hero by thousands of his followers on his return
from Bombay â even though he always said that people should not idolise
him. News came that separate electorates had been granted. Gandhi felt
that separate electorates would separate the Harijans from the Hindus.
The thought that the Hindus would be divided pained him grievously. He
started a fast, saying that he would fast unto death.
Only Babasaheb Ambedkar could save Gandhiâs life â by withdrawing the
demand for separate electorates. At first he refused, saying it was his
duty to do the best he could for his people â no matter what. Later he
visited Gandhi, who was at that time in Yeravda jail. Gandhi persuaded
Babasaheb that Hinduism would change and leave its bad practices behind.
Finally Babasaheb Ambedkar agreed to sign the Poona Pact with Gandhi in
1932. Instead of separate electorates, more representation was to be
given to the Depressed Classes. However, it later became obvious that
this did not amount to anything concrete.
In the Prime of His Life
Babasaheb had by this time collected a library of over 50,000 books, and
had a house named Rajgriha built at Dadar in north Bombay to hold it.
In 1935 his beloved wife Ramabai died. The same year he was made
Principal of the Government Law College, Bombay.
Also in 1935 a conference of Dalits was held at Yeola. Babasaheb told
the conference: -We have not been able to secure the barest of human
rightsâĶ I am born a Hindu. I couldnât help it, but I solemnly assure you
that I will not die a Hindu.â This was the first time that Babasaheb
stressed the importance of conversion from Hinduism for his people â for
they were only known as âuntouchablesâ within the fold of Hinduism.
During the Second World War, Babasaheb Ambedkar was appointed Labour
Minister by the Viceroy. Yet he never lost contact with his roots â he
never became corrupt or crooked. He said that he had been born of the
poor and had lived the life of the poor, he would remain absolutely
unchanged in his attitudes to his friends and to the rest of the world.
The All-India Scheduled Castes Federation was formed in 1942 to gather all âuntouchablesâ into a united political party.
Architect of the Indian Constitution
After the war Babasaheb Ambedkar was elected to the Constituent Assembly
to decide the way jthat India â a country of millions of people â
should be ruled. How should elections take place? What are the rights of
the people? How are laws to be made? Such important matters had to be
decided and laws had to be made. The Constitution answers all such
questions and lays down rules.
When India became independent in August 1947, Babasaheb Ambedkar became
First Law Minister of Independent India. The Constituent Assembly made
him chairman of the committee appointed to draft the constitution for
the worldâs largest democracy.
All his study of law, economics, and politics made him the best
qualified person for this task. A study of the Constitutions of many
countries, a deep knowledge of law, a knowledge of the history of India
and of Indian Society â all these were essential. In fact, he carried
the whole burden alone. He alone could complete this huge task.
After completing the Draft Constitution, Babasaheb fell ill. At a
nursing home in Bombay he met Dr. Sharda Kabir and married her in April
1948. On November 4, 1948 he presented the Draft Constitution to the
Constituent Assembly, and on November 26, 1949 it was adopted in the
name of the people of India. On that date he said: -I appeal to all
Indians to be a nation by discarding castes, which have brought
separation in social life and created jealousy and hatred.â
âMy friends tell me that I have made the Constitution. But I am quite
prepared to say that I shall be the first person to burn it out. I do
not want it. It does not suit anybody. But whatever that may be if our
people want to carry on they must not forget that there are majorities
and there are minorities and they simply cannot ignore the minorities by
saying, âOh, no. To recognize you is to harm democracy.â I should say
that the greatest harm will come by injuring the minorities.
Dr Br Ambedkar in the Rajya Sabha on 2 September 1953
Later Life â Buddhist Conversion
In 1950, he went to a Buddhist conference in Sri Lanka. On his return he
spoke in Bombay at the Buddhist Temple. -In order to end their
hardships, people should embrace Buddhism. I am going to devote the rest
of my life to the revival and spread of Buddhism in India.â
Babasaheb Ambedkar resigned from the Government in 1951. He felt that as
an honest man he had no choice but to do so, because the reforms so
badly needed had not been allowed to come into being.
For the next five years Babasaheb carried on a relentless fight against
social evils and superstitions. On October 14, 1956 at Nagpur he
embraced Buddhism. He led a huge gathering in a ceremony converting over
half a million people to Buddhism. Presently the place is known as
âDeekshabhoomiâ. He knew that Buddhism was a true part of Indian history
and that to revive it was to continue Indiaâs best tradition.
âUntouchabilityâ is a product only of Hinduism.
Parinirvan of Babasaheb Dr B.R Ambedkar
Only seven weeks later on December 6, 1956 Babasaheb Ambedkar died at
his Delhi residence. His body was taken to Bombay. A two-mile long crowd
formed the funeral procession. At Dadar cemetery that evening, eminent
leaders paid their last respects to him. The pyre was lit according to
Buddhist rites. Half a million people witnessed it. Presently the place
is known as âChaitya Bhoomiâ.
Thus ended the life of one of Indiaâs greatest sons. His was the task of
awakening Indiaâs millions of excluded and oppressed to their human
rights. He experienced their suffering and the cruelty shown to them. He
overcame the obstacles to stand on an equal footing with the greatest
men of his time. He played a vital role in forming modern India through
its Constitution.
His work and mission continue today â we must not rest until we see a
truly democratic India of equal citizens living in peace together.
Unknown facts about Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was the first Indian to get a Doctorate (PhD) degree in Economics from abroad.
Dr. Ambedkar is the only Indian whose statue is attached with Karl Marx in the London Museum.
The credit of giving place to âAshok Chakraâ in the Indian Tricolour also goes to Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar.
Nobel Prize winner Prof. Amartya Sen considered Dr. B. R. Ambedkar as his father in economics.
For the better development of Madhya Pradesh and Bihar, Babasaheb had
proposed division of these states in 50s, but only after 2000
Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand were formed by splitting Madhya Pradesh and
Bihar.
Babasahebâs personal library âRajgirhâ consisted more than 50,000 books and it was worldâs largest private library.
The book âWaiting for a visaâ written by Dr. Babasaheb is a textbook in
Columbia University. Columbia University made a list of worldâs top 100
scholars in 2004 and first name in that list was Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar.
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was master in 64 subjects. He had knowledge of 9
languages like Hindi, Pali, Sanskrit, English, French, German, Marathi,
Persian and Gujarati. Apart from this, he studied all the religions of
the world in comparative way for almost 21 years.
In the London School of Economics, Babasaheb completed 8 years of
studies in just 2 years 3 months. For this, he studied 21 hours in a
day.
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkarâs initiation in Buddhism with his 8,50,000
supporters historical in the world, because it was the largest
conversion in the world.
âMahant Veer Chandramaniâ, a great Buddhist monk who initiated Babasaheb
to Buddhism, called him âthe modern Buddha of this ageâ.
Babasaheb is the first and only person in the world to receive a
valuable doctorate degree named âDoctor All Scienceâ from London School
of Economics. Many intelligent students have tried for it, but they have
not been successful till now.
Worldwide, highest number of songs and books written in the name of the leader is Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar.
Governor Lord Linlithgow and Mahatma Gandhi believed that Babasaheb is
more intelligent than 500 graduates and thousands of scholars.
Babasaheb was the worldâs first and only Satyagrahi, who did Satyagraha for drinking water.
In 1954, in the âWorld Buddhist Councilâ held in Kathmandu, Nepal,
Buddhist monks had given Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar highest title of
Buddhism âBodhisattvaâ. His famous book âThe Buddha and his Dhammaâ is
the âscriptureâ of Indian Buddhists.
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar had considered three great men, Lord Buddha, Saint Kabir and Mahatma Phule as their âinstructorâ.
The highest number of statue in the world is of Babasaheb. His birth anniversary is also celebrated all over the world.
Babasaheb was the first lawyer from backward class.
Based on a global survey called âThe Makers of the Universeâ a list of
top 100 humanist people of the last 10 thousand years was made by Oxford
University, in which fourth name was Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar.
Babasaheb Ambedkar has given many suggestions in the book âThe
Problem of Rupee-Its Origin & its solutionâ about the demonetisation
that is being discussed all around in the present time. He has
described in his book that âIf any country has to eliminate black money
and fake currency, then after every 10 years Countryâs currency should
be demonetized.â
Everywhere in the world, Buddhaâs closed-eyed statues and paintings are
visible, but Babasaheb, who was also a good painter, made the first
painting of Buddha in which Buddhaâs eyes were opened.
The first Statue of Babasaheb was built in the year 1950, when he was alive and this statue is established in Kolhapur city.
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About the Poona Pact
The background to the Poona Pact was the Communal Award of August 1932.
This Communal Award of August 1932, among other things, had reserved 71
seats in the central legislature for the depressed classes.
Gandhiâs opposition to Communal Award of August 1932: Gandhi was opposed
to the award as he saw it as a British attempt to split Hindus, and
began a fast unto death to have it repealed.
Agreement between Gandhi and B.R. Ambedkar,1932
In line with the status of communal award, in late September 1932, B.R. Ambedkar negotiated the Poona Pact with Mahatma Gandhi.
Provisions in Poona Pact,1932
Joint Electorate for depressed classes: In a settlement negotiated with
Gandhi, Ambedkar agreed for depressed class candidates to be elected by a
joint electorate.
Increased number of seats for depressed classes in legislature: Slightly
over twice as many seats (147) were reserved for the depressed classes
in the legislature than what had been allotted under the Communal Award.
Fair representation in the public services: The Pact also assured a fair
representation of the depressed classes in the public services while
earmarking a portion of the educational grant for their uplift.
Significance of the Poona pact:
The Poona Pact was an emphatic acceptance by upper-class Hindus that the
depressed classes constituted the most discriminated sections of Hindu
society.
Realization of the need of taking urgent steps:
It was emphasized during the Poona pact that something concrete had to
be done to give depressed classes a political voice as well as to lift
them from a backwardness they could not otherwise overcome.
Poona pact acted as precursors to many initiatives launched for depressed classes later on in independent India.
New identity of depressed class as a political force:
The Poona Pact had several positive outcomes for Ambedkar. It
emphatically sealed Ambedkarâs leadership of the depressed classes
across India.
Ambedkar made the entire country, and not just the Congress Party, morally responsible for the uplift of the depressed classes.
Ambedkar also became successful in making the depressed classes a formidable political force for the first time in history.
More about Poona Pact
Unlike a drop of water which loses its identity when it joins the ocean,
man does not lose his being in the society in which he lives. Manâs
life is independent. He is born not for the development of the society
alone, but for the development of his self.
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
/
For a successful revolution it is not enough that there is discontent.
What is required is a profound and thorough conviction of the justice,
necessity and importance of political and social rights.
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
/
History shows that where ethics and economics come in conflict,
victory is always with economics. Vested interests have never been known
to have willingly divested themselves unless there was sufficient force
to compel them.
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
/
That the caste system must be abolished if the Hindu society is to be
reconstructed on the basis of equality, goes without saying.
Untouchability has its roots in the caste system.
They cannot expect the Brahmins to rise in revolt against the caste
system. Also we cannot rely upon the non-Brahmins and ask them to fight
our battle.
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
/
Famous books written by the Dr. Ambedkar
Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development
was a paper read by B. R. Ambedkar at an anthropological seminar of
Alexander Goldenweiser in New York on 9 May 1916. It was later published
in volume XLI of Indian Antiquary in May 1917
The Problem of the Rupee: its origin and its solution
This book raises âCurrency questionâ in British India, which led to the
Creation of Reserve Bank of India. One of the best book on economics by
the âFather of Economics of Indiaâ.
The Annihilation of Caste
Annihilation of Caste is an undelivered speech written in 1936 by B. R.
Ambedkar who fought against the countryâs practice of untouchability. It
was later self-published by the author.
Thoughts on Pakistan
The Muslim Leagueâs Resolution on Pakistan has called forth different
reactions. There are some who look upon it as a case of political
measles to which a people in the infancy of their conscious unity and
power are very liable. Others have taken it as a permanent frame of the
Muslim mind and not merely as a passing phase and have in consequence
been greatly perturbed.
Mr. Gandhi and Emancipation of Untouchables
What Congress and Gandhi have done to the Untouchables
Pakistan Or Partition Of India
Who were the Shudras
Manu and the Shudras
Mook Nayak (weekly)
As word of Ambedkarâs newspaper spread, Kolhapurâs Chhatrapati Shahu
Maharaj himself visited Babsaheb in his chawl in Mumbai. The first issue
was printed on 31 January 1920. It included a scathing takedown of the
Hindu caste structure and its despicable advocacy of inequality.
Bahishkrit Bharat (India Ostracized)
On 3 April 1927, Ambedkar launched the Marathi fortnightly âBahishkrit
Bharatâ. In one of its many editorials severely critical of upper-caste
Hindu society, Ambedkar likened the British rule and the Brahmanical
rule to two leeches incessantly sucking the blood of the Indian people,
writes Siddharth
Federation Versus Freedom
Ambedkar was a prolific student, earning doctorates in economics from
both Columbia University and the London School of Economics, and gained a
reputation as a scholar for his research in law, economics and
political science. In his early career he was an economist, professor,
and lawyer.
Ranade, Gandhi and Jinnah
Address delivered by the author on the 101st birthday celebration of Mahadev Govind Ranade, held at Poona on 18th January 1943
Maharashtra as a Linguistic Province
The Untouchables
Buddha Or Karl Marx
The Buddha and his Dhamma
Riddles in Hinduism
However good a Constitution may be, if those who are implementing it
are not good, it will prove to be bad. However bad a Constitution may
be, if those implementing it are good, it will prove to be good.
Our Leadership
Bahan Kumari Mayawati ji
Shri Satish Chandra Misra
Shri R. S. Kushwaha
Shri Kunwar Danish Ali
Our Ideals
Baba Saheb Dr B.R. Ambedkar
Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj
Periyar Lalai Singh Yadav
BSP
Our President
About Us
Books
Video Gallery
Contact Us
Milestones
Poona Pact
G
M
T
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Kanshi Ramâs Bahujan movement was cultural, not just political
Kanshi Ramâs Bahujan movement was cultural, not just political
BSPs diminishing political power doesnt mean all is lost for the Bahujan
movement. Kanshi Ram Jayanti is a reminder the anti-caste revolution is
alive among the masses.
Kanshi Ramâs Bahujan movement was also cultural, not just political
BSPâs diminishing political power doesnât mean all is lost for the
Bahujan movement. Kanshi Ram Jayanti is a reminder the anti-caste
revolution is alive among the masses.
Kanshi Ram releasing cassette of DS4 singer Harnam Singh during a meeting | Photo: Harnam Singh
K
anshi Ram, a charismatic Bahujan leader, believed that a society in
which the non-political roots are not strong, is bound to fail in its
political aspirations as well. It is easy to write off the Bahujan Samaj
Party because of its recent political misfortunes, but it would be a
grave error to look at Kanshi Ramâs Bahujan revolution as merely
political. The bedrock of all his meetings and mobilisations was a
cultural revival.
Kanshi Ramâs Hegelian premise of raising rational consciousness among
Bahujans can well be drawn from his efforts towards debunking Brahminism
and raising anti-caste awareness through everyday practices. So, Kanshi
Ram Jayanti, which falls on 15 March, holds a special place among those
who identify themselves as Bahujan. Its celebration becomes a reminder
of the shared cultural-political history of being part of the Bahujan
movement that began in the 1980s.
This cultural re-imagination was present in BAMCEF (All India
Backward and Minority Communities Employees Federation), DS4 (Dalit
Shoshit Samaj Sangharsh Samiti) and BRC (Buddhist Research Center).
The three pillars
BAMCEF, DS4, and BRC can be considered the three cultural pillars
holding up the Bahujan movement. Kanshi Ram, in one of his interviews,
said that while the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) was aimed towards
political gratification, the other three were the most important
vehicles to achieve it (Collected Interviews of Kanshi Ram).
The manifesto of BAMCEF had specifically called for creating a literary
wing to bring together different thought processes. An engagement with
the Bahujan literary tradition was an attempt to understand the social
history and the experiential reality of the Bahujan community as well.
Similarly, the manifesto also discussed the creation of Jagriti Jatha to
raise anti-caste consciousness among Bahujans.
In BAMCEF meetings, cultural presentation was an integral part and
it included displaying posters, musical performances, and poetry
recitation. One of the earliest BAMCEF meetings in Delhiâs Shahdara on
17 May 1980 was themed as Chalta Firta Ambedkar Mela, which involved an
art gallery displaying the life and philosophy of Dr Ambedkar. Kanshi
Ramâs practice of the carnivalesque weaved together Bahujan masses at
both individual and collective levels. The early BAMCEF participants
still recall the collective memory of participating in different BAMCEF
meetings.
Harvinder Kaur recalls her association, âMy memory with BAMCEF is as old
as when I was 14 years old. I had participated in the third BAMCEF
meeting at Chandigarh and sang a Punjabi song dedicated to the mission.â
Similarly, a Bahujan singer Taranum Baudh recalled singing her first
song on the BAMCEF platform when she was barely three years old.
Residents of Punjab, Harnam Singh Bahelpuri and Poonam Bala, were
closely associated with singing and had also performed during several
BAMCEF meetings convened by Kanshi Ram. Kanshi Ram himself had released
cassettes of many of these singers.
The Dalit Shoshit Samaj Sangharsh Samiti, or DS4, was launched on 6
December 1981. It laid particular emphasis on the struggles of students,
youth, and women. This cultural wing started from Punjab and spread to
several states in north India including Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, and
Uttar Pradesh. Kanshi Ram started DS4 with the aim of giving Bahujans a
platform to share their anti-caste consciousness. In one of the
editorials of The Oppressed Indian, 1982, Kanshi Ram said that DS4 is
one of the foremost steps to organise 85 per cent of Bahujan voters and
prepare them for politics so that they can take up leadership roles.
Buddhist Research Centre, or BRC, was also established by Kanshi Ram
and he was ever willing to take up Buddhism. In 2003, Kanshi Ram had
announced that he along with his protege Mayawati would convert to
Buddhism in 2006, the year that marked the golden jubilee of Ambedkarâs
conversion. He had also said that the conversion of people from the
Chamar community In Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh alone will create
three crore Buddhists in India (Bahujan Sanghtak, 2003).
Contemporary cultural practices of Bahujan
The Bahujan movement is still fresh in the minds of those who were
associated with Kanshi Ram through BAMCEF, DS4, BRC, or BSP. They recall
even the smallest memories they have of meeting Saheb or his visit to
their houses to share a meal. The charismatic leader is graciously
remembered by them every 15 March.
In north India, the modern anti-caste struggle goes back to Swami
Achyutananda, B.A. Santram, Chandrika Prasad Jigyasu, Jagdeo Prasad,
Lalai Singh Yadav, Mangu Ram, and many others. While the intellectual
wave generated by them is worth appreciating, it was Kanshi Ram who
translated the Bahujan idea into popular imagination. Kanshi Ramâs
personality was such that he instantly connected with the masses,
particularly Bahujan women. There were several women who led Kanshi
Ramâs Bahujan struggle, but they are hardly known today. But Kanshi Ram
knew the importance of everyone who was associated with the movement. He
would often visit the homes of cadre members, stay with them and have
long conversations. It wonât be an exaggeration to call him a bottom-up
leader who had a dynamic relationship with the masses. He was a mass
leader in the true sense.
Nirmala Dasua with Kanshiram in 2001, at Guru Ravidas Jayanti, Hoshiarpur | Nirmala Dasua personal archive
Ishwar Kaur Narwal, giving speech. Kanshiram can be seen on the stage too | Ishwar Kaur Narwal personal archives
Besides political milestones, Kanshi Ram had an important role in
reviving the socio-cultural icons in north India. Kanshi Ram Jayanti is
marked by paying reverence to Dalit-Bahujan icons like Jyotiba Phule,
Savitri Bai Phule, Dr Ambedkar, Sahuji Maharaj, Fatima Sheikh, Birsa
Munda, and Periyar E.V. Ramasamy to mention a few. It is done by
circulating their images, wall-art, calendar prints, pamphlets, etc.
The occasion also sees a carnival organised by different groups. It
involves a discussion on Kanshi Ramâs thoughts and struggle, cultural
performances like plays, songs and poetry recitation, circulation of
popular prints and pamphlets, sloganeering, and taking out marches.
This annual carnival is one of the many ways through which the Bahujan
society remains connected today, sharing each otherâs thoughts, passing
on their individual experiences of fighting the anti-caste struggle.
This carnival is a new space for the emergence of a counter-culture.
Russian philosopher Mikhail Bakhtinâs carnivalesque discussed the
importance of cultural spaces like carnivals in the Renaissance. The
Bahujan carnival, like Kanshi Ram Jayanti, is also a new space for
anti-caste imagination, which seeks to assert its claim on dignity and
equality.
Kanshi Ram Jayantiâs meaning and its cultural prospects
Kanshi Ramâs Jayanti means an anti-caste worldview for the
Dalit-Bahujan. It is the day of remembrance of Sahebâs struggle to claim
political consciousness and uproot caste practices from the public
sphere.
Interestingly, the conceptual category like Bahujan has brought together
different caste-based oppressed identities together. The idea of
Bahujan is culturally rooted. This Bahujanhood marks its visibility
through celebrating Bahujan icons, discussing historical gaps and
absences, musical re-imagination, etc.
The music industry has engaged with Kanshi Ram through songs like Kanshi
Ram Saheb Ka Alha sung by Seema Azad. Her song brings out the life
history of Kanshi Ram through the Alha genre of music, which is popular
in regions of Uttar Pradesh. Other songs include The Great Leader Kanshi
Ram by Raju Bharti and Manywar Kanshi Ram Saheb Ki Yaad Mein by Malti
Rao. Publication houses like Samyak Prakashan, which was started by
Shanti Swaroop Baudh, have played an important role in popularising
Kanshi Ramâs ideas. Similarly, there has been an effort by activists
like A.R. Akela to put together Kanshi Ramâs speeches and bring them out
through his home-grown publication Anand Sahitya Sadan in Aligarh.
Each of these cultural facets displayed in events like Kanshi Ram
Jayanti has played a significant role in assembling the collective
memories of Bahujan. The Bahujan movement started by Kanshi Ram was a
well-structured plan that spread into social, cultural, and political
spheres. Even though in recent times, the Bahujan movement has reflected
political fragility, the idea of Bahujan remains alive with fresh life
being breathed into it by members both on the ground and on social
media. It has all the potential to return to the political sphere with
the same zeal and fervour because of the sentimentality involved in the
Bahujan movement, borne out of peopleâs life-long struggle against
oppression. Kanshi Ramâs vision of engaging with cultural parameters so
that people are emotionally attached to the movement gives him a unique
position as a Bahujan leader in Indiaâs socio-political firmament.
Kalyani is a PhD scholar at the Center for the Study of Social Systems,
Jawaharlal Nehru University. She tweets at @FiercelyBahujan. Views are
personal.
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Religions, Races,Castes,Inequalities, Were there Are there And Will continue to be there! Dr B.R.Ambedkar thundered âMain Bharat Baudhmay karunga.â (I will make this country Buddhist) All
Aboriginal Awakened Societies Thunder â Hum Prapanch Prabuddha
Prapanchmay karunge.â (We will make the whole world Prabuddha Prapanch This will happen through Free
Online Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention in Awakened Oneâs own words
For the Welfare, Happiness and Peace for All Societies
That number is constantly in flux, because weâre
learning more about the worldâs languages every day. And beyond that,
the languages themselves are in flux. Theyâre living and dynamic, spoken
by communities whose lives are shaped by our rapidly changing world.
This is a fragile time: Roughly 0% of languages are now endangered,
often with less than 1,000 speakers remaining. Meanwhile, just 23
languages account for more than half the worldâs population.
When
a just born baby is kept isolated without anyone communicating with the
baby, after a few days it will speak and human natural (Prakrit)
language known as
Classical Magahi Magadhi/
Classical Chandaso language
/
Magadhi Prakrit,
Classical Hela Basa (Hela Language),
Classical PÄáļ·i
which
are the same. Buddha spoke in Magadhi. All the 7111 languages and
dialects are off shoot of Classical Magahi Magadhi. Hence all of them
are Classical in nature (Prakrit) of Human Beings, just like all other
living speices have their own naturallanguages for communication. 116
languages are translated by https://translate.google.com
The pill to reverse aging would be available to the public within five years and cost the same each day as a cup of coffee, says researcher. (Supplied) Staff writer, Al Arabiya English Wednesday 05 September 2018
Men are mortal. So are ideas. An idea needs propagation as much as a plant needs watering. Otherwise both will wither and die.
My social philosophy may be said to be enshrined in three words: liberty, equality and fraternity. Let no one, however, say that I have borrowed by philosophy from the French Revolution. I have not. My philosophy has roots in religion and not in political science. I have derived them from the teachings of my Master, the Buddha.