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20-11-200The Awakened One-A Sketch of the Buddha’s Life-Readings from the Pali Canon-A Chronology-first discourse-Setting the Wheel of Dhamma in Motion-Four Noble Truths
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The Awakened One

A Sketch of the Buddha’s Life

Readings from the Pali Canon

Theravada Buddhism

A Chronology

first discourse

Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta

Setting the Wheel of Dhamma in Motion

Translated from the Pali by

Thanissaro Bhikkhu

Four Noble Truths

Breaking free

“Bhikkhus, it is through not realizing, through not penetrating the Four Noble Truths that this long course of birth and death has been passed through and undergone by me as well as by you. What are these four? They are the noble truth of dukkha; the noble truth of the origin of dukkha; the noble truth of the cessation of dukkha; and the noble truth of the way to the cessation of dukkha. But now, bhikkhus, that these have been realized and penetrated, cut off is the craving for existence, destroyed is that which leads to renewed becoming, and there is no fresh becoming.”

β€” DN 16 (with dukkha left untranslated)




The elephant’s footprint

[Ven. Sariputta:] “Friends, just as the footprints of all legged animals are encompassed by the footprint of the elephant, and the elephant’s footprint is reckoned the foremost among them in terms of size; in the same way, all skillful qualities are gathered under the four noble truths. Under which four? Under the noble truth of stress, under the noble truth of the origination of stress, under the noble truth of the cessation of stress, and under the noble truth of the path of practice leading to the cessation of stress.”

β€” MN 28




One’s duties with regard to each of the Four Noble Truths

[The Buddha speaks of his Awakening:]

“Vision arose, insight arose, discernment arose, knowledge arose, illumination arose within me with regard to things never heard before: ‘This is the noble truth of stress’… ‘This noble truth of stress is to be comprehended’… ‘This noble truth of stress has been comprehended’…

“Vision arose, insight arose, discernment arose, knowledge arose, illumination arose within me with regard to things never heard before: ‘This is the noble truth of the origination of stress’… ‘This noble truth of the origination of stress is to be abandoned’… ‘This noble truth of the origination of stress has been abandoned.’

“Vision arose, insight arose, discernment arose, knowledge arose, illumination arose within me with regard to things never heard before: ‘This is the noble truth of the cessation of stress’… ‘This noble truth of the cessation of stress is to be directly experienced’… ‘This noble truth of the cessation of stress has been directly experienced.’

“Vision arose, insight arose, discernment arose, knowledge arose, illumination arose within me with regard to things never heard before: ‘This is the noble truth of the way of practice leading to the cessation of stress’… ‘This noble truth of the way of practice leading to the cessation of stress is to be developed’… ‘This noble truth of the way of practice leading to the cessation of stress has been developed.’

“And, monks, as long as this knowledge & vision of mine β€” with its three rounds & twelve permutations concerning these four noble truths as they actually are present β€” was not pure, I did not claim to have directly awakened to the right self-awakening unexcelled in the cosmos with its devas, Maras, & Brahmas, with its contemplatives & priests, its royalty & commonfolk. But as soon as this knowledge & vision of mine β€” with its three rounds & twelve permutations concerning these four noble truths as they actually are present β€” was truly pure, then I did claim to have directly awakened to the right self-awakening unexcelled in the cosmos with its devas, Maras & Brahmas, with its contemplatives & priests, its royalty & commonfolk. Knowledge & vision arose in me: ‘Unprovoked is my release. This is the last birth. There is now no further becoming.’”

β€” SN 56.11




See also:

Β·Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β  The First Noble Truth

Β·Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β  The Second Noble Truth

Β·Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β  The Third Noble Truth

Β·Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β  The Fourth Noble Truth

Β·Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β  The Four Noble Truths” (Study Guide)

Β·Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β  “The Four Noble Truths” in The Wings to Awakening

Β·Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β  The Nobility of the Truths” (Bhikkhu Bodhi)

Β 

cartoon drawing showing the 4 Noble Truths

The Four Noble Truths

The Four Noble Truths are:

  1. We all suffer
  2. Our suffering is caused by craving
  3. There is a way to stop craving & suffering
  4. That way is the Noble Eightfold Path

Buddhists believe that when the Buddha became Enlightened, he found the answer to the question of why there is unhappiness and suffering in the world. He became free from suffering himself and saw that others could do the same. He walked a hundred miles to Sarnath to find his five friends. He wanted to tell them what he had discovered.

The Buddha used a well known Indian medical formula to help explain the Four Noble Truths to his friends. Buddhists believe that the Buddha’s teaching is a cure for the world’s illnesses.

  1. What is the illness?
  2. What has caused the illness?
  3. Does a cure exist?
  4. The remedy - what does the patient need to do in order to be cured?

1. THE FIRST NOBLE TRUTH - the illness. The illness is the suffering and unhappiness that everyone feels at some time in their lives.

2. THE SECOND NOBLE TRUTH - the cause of the illness. The cause of unhappiness is craving. We tend to want more and more of everything. We become unhappy with what we have. There is always something else that is going to make us feel right.

3. THE THIRD NOBLE TRUTH - a cure is possible. It is possible to be happy and free from craving. This state of perfect freedom and happiness is the same as Enlightenment.

4. THE FOURTH NOBLE TRUTH - the remedy. The way to overcome the craving which causes our unhappiness is to follow the Noble Eightfold Path. This path is sometimes called The Middle Way; it is a middle way between extremes. The Buddha had once lived a life of luxury as a prince. He had also tried a life of extreme hardship - the ascetic life. He taught that following the Noble Eightfold Path, a middle way, leads to happiness and freedom from suffering.

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