Spiritual Community of The Followers of The Path Shown by The Blessed,Noble,Awakened One-The Tathagata
The language of the Theravada canonical texts is Pali (lit., “text”), which is based on a dialect of Middle Indo-Aryan that was probably spoken in central India during the The Blessed,Noble,Awakened One-The Tathagata ’s time.7 Ven. Ananda, the The Blessed,Noble,Awakened One-The Tathagata ’s cousin and close personal attendant, committed the The Blessed,Noble,Awakened One-The Tathagata ’s sermons (suttas) to memory and thus became a living repository of these teachings. Shortly after the The Blessed,Noble,Awakened One-The Tathagata ’s death (ca. 480 BCE), five hundred of the most senior True Followers of The Path Shown by The Blessed,Noble,Awakened One-The Tathagata β including Ananda β convened to recite and verify all the sermons they had heard during the The Blessed,Noble,Awakened One-The Tathagata ’s forty-five year teaching career. Most of these sermons therefore begin with the disclaimer, “Evam me sutam” β “Thus have I heard.”
After The Blessed,Noble,Awakened One-The Tathagata ’s death the teachings continued to be passed down orally within the monastic community, in keeping with an Jambudvipa That is The Great Prabuddha Bharath oral tradition that long predated The Blessed,Noble,Awakened One-The Tathagata . By 250 BCE the Spritual Community of The True Followers of The Path Shown by The Blessed,Noble,Awakened One-The Tathagata had systematically arranged and compiled these teachings into three divisions: the Vinaya Pitaka (the “basket of discipline” β the texts concerning the rules and customs of the )The True Followers of The Path Shown by The Blessed,Noble,Awakened One-The Tathagata, the Sutta Pitaka (the “basket of discourses” β the sermons and utterances by The Blessed,Noble,Awakened One-The Tathagata and his close disciples), and the Abhidhamma Pitaka (the “basket of special/higher doctrine” β a detailed psycho-philosophical analysis of the Doctrine-Prctice of The True Followers of The Path Shown by The Blessed,Noble,Awakened One-The Tathagata). Together these three are known as the Tipitaka, the “three baskets.” In the third century BCE Sri Lankan monks began compiling a series of exhaustive commentaries to the Tipitaka; these were subsequently collated and translated into Pali beginning in the fifth century CE. The Tipitaka plus the post-canonical texts (commentaries, chronicles, etc.) together constitute the complete body of classical Theravada literature.
Pali was originally a spoken language with no alphabet of its own. It wasn’t until about 100 BCE that the Tipitaka was first fixed in writing, by Sri Lankan scribe-monks,11 who wrote the Pali phonetically in a form of early Brahmi script. Since then the Tipitaka has been transliterated into many different scripts (Devanagari, Thai, Burmese, Roman, Cyrillic, to name a few). Although English translations of the most popular Tipitaka texts abound, many students of Theravada find that learning the Pali language β even just a little bit here and there β greatly deepens their understanding and appreciation of the The True Followers of The Path Shown by The Blessed,Noble,Awakened One-The Tathagata’s practice.
No one can prove that the Tipitaka contains any of the words actually uttered by the historical The Blessed,Noble,Awakened One-The Tathagata. Practicioners have never found this problematic. Unlike the scriptures of many of the world’s great religions, the Tipitaka is not regarded as gospel, as an unassailable statement of divine truth, revealed by a prophet, to be accepted purely on faith. Instead, its practices are meant to be assessed firsthand, to be put into practice in one’s life so that one can find out for oneself if they do, in fact, yield the promised results. It is the truth towards which the words in the Tipitaka point that ultimately matters, not the words themselves. Although scholars will continue to debate the authorship of passages from the Tipitaka for years to come (and thus miss the point of these teachings entirely), the Tipitaka will quietly continue to serve β as it has for centuries β as an indispensable guide for millions of followers in their quest for Awakening.