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2097 Tue 3 Jan 2017 LESSONS from Rector JCMesh J Alphabets Letter Animation ClipartMesh C Alphabets Letter Animation Clipart an expert who identifies experts influenced by Expert and Infulencer Sashikanth Chandrasekharan of Free Online Buddhism - World Religions for Kidshttps://drambedkarbooks.com/2015/03/14/the-chamcha-age-by-saheb-kanshi-ram/#more-1506Awaken One With Awareness Mind (A1wAM)+ ioT (insight-net of Things) - the art of Giving, taking and Living to attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal through Electronic Visual Communication Course on Political Science -Techno-Politico-Socio Transformation and Economic Emancipation Movement (TPSTEEM). Struggle hard to see that all fraud EVMs are replaced by paper ballots by Start using Internet of things by creating Websites, blogs. Make the best use of facebook, twitter etc., to propagate TPSTEEM thru FOA1TRPUVF. Practice Insight Meditation in all postures of the body - Sitting, standing, lying, walking, jogging, cycling, swimming, martial arts etc., for health mind in a healthy body. from INSIGHT-NET-Hi Tech Radio Free Animation Clipart Online A1 (Awakened One) Tipiṭaka Research & Practice University in Visual Format (FOA1TRPUVF) https://archive.org/stream/DhammapadaIllustrated/dhammapada_illustrated#page/n1/mode/2up free online university research practice up a level through http://sarvajan.ambedkar.orgup a level https://awakenmediaprabandhak. wordpress.com/ email-0565.gif from 123gifs.eu Download & Greeting Card modinotourpm@gmail.com jchandra1942@icloud.com sarvajanow@yahoo.co.in is the most Positive Energy of informative and research oriented site propagating the teachings of the Awakened One with Awareness the Buddha and on Techno-Politico-Socio Transformation and Economic Emancipation Movement followed by millions of people all over the world in 105 Classical languages. Rendering exact translation as a lesson of this University in one’s mother tongue to this Google Translation and propagation entitles to become a Stream Enterer (Sottapanna) and to attain Eternal Bliss as a Final Goal BSP is the Number One Largest Party in the Country with all societies (sarvajan Samaj ) supporting it for Sarvajan Hitay sarvajan Sukhay. Just now · http://www.hindustantimes.com/…/story-S5aw9VRsZnRtQD6d6RGh3… Elections a secular exercise, illegal to seek votes in the name of religion: SC http://blogs.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/…/with-eye-on-mus…/ LUCKNOW: BSP chief Mayawati went back to her drawing board to devise her electoral strategy afresh ahead of the UP elections, which will determine her political fortunes. http://media.photobucket.com/…/bk…/media/Bikerotor.gif.html… The former EC was magnanimus to drape all the BSP’s elephant symbols. May in support of SP. Now the EC must order for draping SP’s cycle symbol for a level playing ground http://norberthaering.de/…/…/745-washington-s-role-in-india… A well-kept open secret: Washington is behind our country’s brutal experiment of abolishing most cash E. Dhātumanasikāra Pabba
Filed under: General
Posted by: site admin @ 8:39 pm

Just now ·

http://www.hindustantimes.com/…/story-S5aw9VRsZnRtQD6d6RGh3…

Elections a secular exercise, illegal to seek votes in the name of religion: SC


http://www.ambedkar.org/gifimages/voteforBSP.gif

http://www.ambedkar.org/gifimages/voteforBSP.gif

Savitribai Phule's 186th Birthday

http://www.hindustantimes.com/…/story-S5aw9VRsZnRtQD6d6RGh3…

Elections a secular exercise, illegal to seek votes in the name of religion: SC

New Delhi:
Highlights

No using caste or religion to appeal to voters, says Supreme Court
Election will be cancelled if candidates invoke religion: Judges
Election process must remain secular: Supreme Court


Politicians cannot use religion or caste to appeal for votes, the
Supreme Court ruled today. The verdict comes as communally-sensitive
Uttar Pradesh waits for an announcement on when it will vote for its
next government.

“No politician can seek vote in the name of
caste, creed or religion,” said Chief Justice TS Thakur in an order,
adding that the election process must be a “secular exercise”. The
majority view of the seven-judge Supreme Court bench held that elections
would be void if a politician made an appeal for votes on the basis of
religious sentiment. The verdict could pressure political parties to
change their strategy in upcoming elections.

Murderer of
democratic institutions ( Modi)’s BJP BahuthJiyadha Psychopaths (BJP)
has for years fought elections on a stealth shadowy discriminative
hindutva rashtra agenda, with party members in the past being accused
of making anti-Muslim statements to polarise hindutva voters.

State elections are also due this year for Punjab, Uttarakhand, Goa and Manipur.


The Supreme Court, ruling on a petition filed by a politician in 1996,
wrote in its opinion that the secular ethos of the constitution had to
be protected.

The CJI must also revert the judgement of ex CJI
Sathasivam who committed a grave error of judgement by ordering that the
EVMs could be replaced in a phased manner as suggested by the ex CEC
Sampath because of the cost of Rs 1600 crores involved for entire
replacement of the EVMs which have been proved that they are tamperable.
The present CEC says that the entire EVMs will only be replaced in
2019.

None of them ordered for the usage of paper ballots as followed by 80 democracies of the world.


Ms Mayawati’s BSP which is a party of Sarvajan Samaj i.e., of all
societies for Sarvajan Hitay Sarvajan Sukhaya ie., for the welfare,
happiness and peace of all societies as enshrined in our modern
Constitution for equality, liberty and fraternity won majority of seats
in the UP panchayat elections conducted with paper ballots.

Now
the CJI must dissolve the Central and sated governments selected by
these fraud EVMs and go for fresh polls with paper ballots to save
democracy.


The
Supreme Court outlawed on Monday seeking votes in the name of religion,
caste, race, community or language, a potentially far-reaching verdict
ahead of assembly…
hindustantimes.com

http://blogs.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/…/with-eye-on-mus…/

LUCKNOW: BSP chief Mayawati went back to her drawing board to devise
her electoral strategy afresh ahead of the UP elections, which will
determine her political fortunes.

Mayawati believes that the feud
between the camps of Akhilesh Yadav and his uncle Shivpal may still be
simmering at the grassroots.

“That still gives Behenji a chance to bank on the uncertainty within the SP file and consolidate Muslim votes,

Mayawati has asked BSP functionaries to work quietly in their
constituencies and focus on consolidation of SC/STs and Muslims of the
total electorate plus OBC/MBC/poor upper castes of Sarvajan Samaj which
together account for more than 90%

Mayawati has not only asked
her Muslim officials to hasten public meetings in Muslim areas but also
concentrate on regions which have sizeable population of non-Yadav OBCs,
essentially the most backward castes (MBCs). They are a part of the
ongoing Bhaichara committee meetings to mobilise voters of the upper
castes

“Zonal coordinators have been asked to bring in MBC cadres
and rake up the issue of their being denied enough share in the
reservation bracket under the OBC,“ said a senior BSP leader. – Pankaj
Shah (TNN)

Just 1% intolerant, terrorist, horrorist, violent,
militant, lunatic, mentally retarded cannibal chitpawan brahmin and
their stooges, Chas“Zonal coordinators have been asked to bring in MBC
cadres and rake up the issue of their being denied enough share in the
reservation bracket under the OBC,“ said a senior BSP leader. – Pankaj
Shah (TNN), chelas, boot lickers and own mothers flesh eaters of RSS
(Rakshasa Swayam Sevaks are now scared of Ms Mayawati for her policy of
Sarvajan Hitay Sarvajan Sukhaya where all the castes, religions have
realised the importance of unity as a single race of this country. The
politics of hatred, anger, jealousy and delusion of the mind which is
madness is drawing to an end. Mayawati proved with her best governance
of UP to bring all societies together. They wholeheartedly want he to be
the next PM of Prabuddha Bharath. But for the fraud EVMs that helped
Modi to gobble the Master Key Bahuth Jiyadha Psychopaths would be no
where. The present CEC says that only in 2019 entire EVMs woud be
replaced. While the ex CJI committed a grave error of judgement by
ordering for the EVMs to be replaced in a phased manner as suggested by
the ex CEC because of the cost of 1600 crores. Only 8 out of 543 seats
in 2014 Lok sabha elections were replaced. Now for 2017 UP elections
only in 20 seats the fraud EVMs are to be replaced. All democracy loving
people the CJI, CEC must see to it that paper ballots are used until
entire EVMs were replaced. Before that the central and stste governments
dselected by these fraud EVMs must be dissolved and go for fresh polls
with paper ballots till entire EVMs are replaced.


Mayawati+image

LUCKNOW:
BSP chief Mayawati went back to her drawing board to devise her
electoral strategy afresh ahead of the UP elections, which will
determine her…
blogs.timesofindia.indiatimes.com

http://media.photobucket.com/…/bk…/media/Bikerotor.gif.html…

The former EC was magnanimus to drape all the BSP’s elephant symbols.
May in support of SP. Now the EC must order for draping SP’s cycle
symbol for a level playing ground.


funny bike photo: BIKE Bikerotor.gif


http://media.photobucket.com/…/Funny/InvisibleBike.gif.html…

http://indiatoday.intoday.in/…/election-commi…/1/847752.html


The former EC was magnanimus to drape all the BSP’s elephant symbols.
May in support of SP. Now the EC must order for draping SP’s cycle
symbol for a level playing ground.


The two factions are now laying claim over the party’s popular symbol
of ‘cycle’. The issue is to scheduled to be heard by the Election
Commission of India (ECI) on Monday.

After hearing the Mulayam and Akhilesh factions, the ECI would give its rulings. There can be three scenarios of ECI’s ruling:


s former chief election commissioner SY Qureshi said, the ECI could
take up to five months to decide which the real Samajwadi Party is.
Hence, a decision is not likely in the upcoming Assembly elections in
Uttar Pradesh. In that scenario, the cycle symbol would in all
likelihood would be frozen.


funny bike photo: Invisible Bike InvisibleBike.gif



http://norberthaering.de/…/…/745-washington-s-role-in-india…

A well-kept open secret: Washington is behind our country’s brutal experiment of abolishing most cash

01 January 2017 |


In early November, without warning, the Modi declared the two largest
denomination bills invalid, abolishing over 80 percent of circulating
cash by value. Amidst all the commotion and outrage this caused, nobody
seems to have taken note of the decisive role that Washington played in
this. That is surprising, as Washington’s role has been disguised only
very superficially.

The data coming out show that our country’s
demonetisation experiment is a failure and shrinking the economy. The
Nikkei/Markit Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index fell to 49.6 in
December from November’s 52.3. It was also the biggest month-on-month
decline since November 2008, just after the collapse of Lehman Brothers
triggered a financial crisis and brought on a global recession. It’s the
first realistic data of the impact of November 7 announcement of the
banning of Rs 1000, and Rs 500 notes. It a wonder if this data really
shows the plight of rural. Reports coming from rural paints a much
darker picture.

Norbert Häring a well respected German business
journalist argues in his article “A well-kept open secret: Washington is
behind our country’s brutal experiment of abolishing most cash” that
demonetisation drive is an experiment hatched in Washington. It’s packed
with a lot of facts. An English translation is here http://norberthaering.de/…/…/745-washington-s-role-in-india…


Blog
des Wirtschaftsjournalisten Norbert Häring zu Wirtschaftspolitik für
die Reichen und Mächtigen, zu Geldreform, Medienversagen und Euro-Krise.
norberthaering.de|By Norbert Häring

https://mg.mail.yahoo.com/neo/launch…

[Attachment(s) from Ravinder Singh included below]

Demonetization Ten Times Worse Than US Subprime Crisis
January02, 2017 (C) Ravinder Singh progressindia2015@gmail.com


US Bank lending to housing sector exceeded the paying capacity of
buyers many times led to Subprime Crisis that triggered Recession in US
that lasted nearly 5 years.

Demonetization in India is Multi-Dimensional Crisis Impacting Every Sector and Every Person – some less some more.


‘U.S. households had become increasingly indebted, with the ratio of
debt to disposable personal income rising from 77% in 1990 to 127% at
the end of 2007’.

Just 300 Companies were Lend 45% of Bank Loans –
Many Times Their Earning Capacity – and these 300 Companies mainly
survived on Continuous INFLOWS of Bank Loans.

In last 31 months
Banks Lend money largely to Select Corporate or Self for Wasteful and
Unviable Projects, when Housing, Agriculture, Foreign Trade, Power,
Banking were excessively stressed, even as Bank Deposits rates collapsed
to 9% from peak of 23% in last decade. This is just above Inflation
Plus Population Growth.

This led to Financial Emergency – GoI was
sourcing Funds from Banks to Self for INFRA projects many times the
need and resources.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subprime_mortgage_crisis
>> The U.S. entered a deep recession, with nearly 9 million jobs
lost during 2008 and 2009, roughly 6% of the workforce. One estimate of
lost output from the crisis comes to “at least 40% of 2007 gross
domestic product”. U.S. housing prices fell nearly 30% on average and
the U.S. stock market fell approximately 50% by early 2009. As of early
2013, the U.S. stock market had recovered to its pre-crisis peak but
housing prices remained near their low point and unemployment remained
elevated.<< Wiki

“Today, 45% of bank loans is going to only
300 companies. The extreme concentration of bank credit on the top end
of the corporate sector has begun to border on the ridiculous,”

Instead of Surgical Operation of ‘CANCER – 300 Companies’ in Indian
economy – That didn’t created Jobs, Paid Marginal or Practically Nothing
as Dividend to Indians, never Created IPR & Products for World
Market, Hired Relatives & Friends or Retired Babus as Directors than
Qualified Professionals and were always Drag On Economy.

Ravinder Singh, Inventor & Consultant, INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROJECTS
Y-77, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016, India. Ph; 091- 9871056471, 9718280435, 9650421857
Ravinder Singh* is a WIPO awarded inventor specializing in Power, Transportation,
Smart Cities, Water, Energy Saving, Agriculture, Manufacturing, Technologies and Projects


E. Dhātumanasikāra Pabba

Puna
ca·paraṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imam·eva kāyaṃ yathā·ṭhitaṃ
yathā·paṇihitaṃ dhātuso paccavekkhati: ‘Atthi imasmiṃ kāye pathavī·dhātu
āpo·dhātū tejo·dhātū vāyo·dhātū’ ti. 


E. Section on the Elements

Furthermore,
bhikkhus, a bhikkhu reflects on this very kāya, however it is placed,
however it is disposed: “In this kāya, there is the earth element, the
water element, the fire element and the air element.” 


Seyyathāpi,
bhikkhave, dakkho goghātako vā goghātak·antevāsī vā gāviṃ vadhitvā
catu·mahā·pathe bilaso vibhajitvā nisinno assa; evameva kho, bhikkhave,
bhikkhu imam·eva kāyaṃ yathā·ṭhitaṃ yathā·paṇihitaṃ dhātuso
paccavekkhati: ‘Atthi imasmiṃ kāye pathavī·dhātu āpo·dhātū tejo·dhātū
vāyo·dhātū’ ti. 

Just as, bhikkhus, a skillful butcher or a
butcher’s apprentice, having killed a cow, would sit at a crossroads
cutting it into pieces; in the same way, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu reflects on
this very kāya, however it is placed, however it is disposed: “In this
kāya, there is the earth element, the water element, the fire element
and the air element.”

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī
viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhatta-bahiddhā vā
kāye kāyānupassī viharati; samudaya-dhamm·ānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati,
vaya-dhamm·ānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudaya-vaya-dhamm·ānupassī
vā kāyasmiṃ viharati; ‘atthi kāyo’ ti vā pan·assa sati paccupaṭṭhitā
hoti, yāvadeva ñāṇa·mattāya paṭissati·mattāya,{1} a·nissito ca viharati,
na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evam·pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye
kāyānupassī viharati. 



Thus he dwells observing kāya in kāya
internally, or he dwells observing kāya in kāya externally, or he dwells
observing kāya in kāya internally and externally; he dwells observing
the samudaya of phenomena in kāya, or he dwells observing the passing
away of phenomena in kāya, or he dwells observing the samudaya and
passing away of phenomena in kāya; or else, [realizing:] “this is kāya!”
sati is present in him, just to the extent of mere ñāṇa and mere
paṭissati, he dwells detached, and does not cling to anything in the
world. Thus, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu dwells observing kāya in kāya.

E. நாற்பெரும் பூதங்கள் மேலான பிரிவு
மேலும்,
பிக்குக்களுக்களே, ஒரு பிக்கு, எவ்வகையிலேனும் அதை வைத்திருந்த போதும்,
எவ்வகையிலேனும் அதை அப்புறப்படுத்த போதும், இந்த உடல்/காயம்  பிரதிபலிக்க 
இந்த :”உடல்/காயத்தில் ,நிலவுலகம் மெய்ம்மூலம், தண்ணீர் மெய்ம்மூலம்,
நெருப்பு மெய்ம்மூலம், காற்று மெய்ம்மூலம் இருக்கிறது.

சம்மதம்போலே,பிக்குக்களுக்களே, ஒரு பயிற்சி பெற்ற கசாப்புக்காரர் அல்லது ஒரு
கசாப்புக்காரரிடம் தொழில் பழகுநர்,ஒரு பசு கொல்லுஞ் செயல் உடையவராயிரருந்து,
ஒரு
குறுக்கு வீதி உட்கார்ந்து எப்படி வெட்டி எடுக்கப்பட்டதோ;  அதே போன்றே,
பிக்குக்களுக்களே, ஒரு பிக்கு, எவ்வகையிலேனும் அதை வைத்திருந்த போதும்,
எவ்வகையிலேனும் அதை அப்புறப்படுத்த போதும், இந்த உடல்/காயம்  பிரதிபலிக்க 
இந்த :”உடல்/காயத்தில் ,நிலவுலகம் மெய்ம்மூலம், தண்ணீர் மெய்ம்மூலம்,
நெருப்பு மெய்ம்மூலம், காற்று மெய்ம்மூலம் இருக்கிறது.

இவ்வாறு அவர்
kāya in kāya உடல்/காயத்தை காயதுக்குள் கண்காணி வாசம் செய்கிரார், அல்லது
காயத்தை காயதுக்கு வெளியே கண்காணி வாசம் செய்கிரார், அல்லது காயத்தை
காயதுக்கு உள்ளே மற்றும் வெளியே கண்காணி வாசம் செய்கிரார்;புலன்களால்
உணரத்தக்க எழுச்சி கண்காணி வாசம் செய்கிரார், மற்றும் புலன்களால்
உணரத்தக்கதை கடந்துசெல்லுவதை கண்காணித்து வாசம் செய்கிரார்; இல்லாவிடில்
எச்சரிக்கையாயிருக்கிற உணர் உடனிருக்கிறதை,சும்மா வெறும் ஓர்அளவு ஞானம்
மற்றும் ஓர்அளவு paṭissati என எண்ணி பற்றறு வாசம் செய்கிரார்.

The Four Elements


https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3FeaMu_1EQyYnlVTmpCSGdpMDA/view


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Page 1 of 12

Electronic Voting and the

2014 Namibian General

Elections

Page 1 of 12

Page 2 of 12

Electronic Voting and the 2014 Namibian General Elections | A Brief Assessment Report

Page 2 of 12

Page 3 of 12

Electronic Voting and the 2014 Namibian General Elections | A Brief Assessment Report

CONTENTS

Preface ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………………

Electronic Voting in Namibia …………………………………………………………………………

Preparation of EVMs before Election Day ……………………………………………………….

EVMs and Election Day …………………………………………………………………………………

Observer findings on EVM performance on Election Day …………………………………..

Conclusion and Recommendations ………………………………………………………………..

4

4

5

6

6

7

8

Page 3 of 12

Page 4 of 12

Electronic Voting and the 2014 Namibian General Elections | A Brief Assessment Report

PREFACE

EISA has been interested in electronic voting for the

past six years, mainly due to its involvement in the

management and delivery of corporate elections in

South Africa, where the use of electronic voting could

provide increased efficiency. EISA’s interest is also based

on the fact that many countries are considering adopting

electronic voting while some are experimenting, with

electronic voting in their national and local government

elections. EISA needs to be prepared to meet the

challenges of observing a largely “invisible” process.

In order to understand how different electronic voting

systems and technologies work, EISA deployed technical

observer teams to three countries that have used different

electronic voting systems, namely the Philippines (2010)

and Brazil (2010), and more recently the 2014 Namibian

general elections where EISA deployed a pre-election

assessment team ahead of and during Namibia’s general

elections. A technical expert was also deployed.

This report focuses on the Namibia general elections

28 November 2014, which were the first such elections

in an African country conducting a national election

using electronic voting. It presents a brief overview of

electronic voting processes, the option used by Namibia,

and a summary of findings based on direct observation

by the EISA team also drew on observations from other

election observer missions deployed to Namibia.

The EISA team is thankful for the access to information

provided by the Electoral Commission of Namibia (ECN)

and the information and materials provided by Namibian

civil society organisations that monitor electoral processes

in Namibia, particularly the Election Watch project of the

Institute for Public Policy Research (IPPR).

INTRODUCTION

Electronic voting (EV) refers to the use of electronic

systems to cast and count votes. It includes punched

cards, optical scan systems, direct-recording electronic

systems (DREs) and electronic voting machines (EVMs). It

also applies to the transmission of votes via telephones,

private computer networks, or the internet. In general,

two main types of electronic voting can be described:

• Supervised electronic voting: in the presence of

representatives of electoral authorities (e.g.

electronic voting machines located at polling

stations);

• Remote electronic voting: takes place within the

voter’s own privacy without direct supervision by

representatives of electoral authorities (e.g. voting

from personal computers, or mobile phones).

Electronic voting systems have been in use since the

1960s when the United States introduced the punched

card system. This system was then followed by Optical

scan voting which allows computers to read voters’ marks

on the ballots. Later, DRE voting machines, which record

and tabulate votes in a single machine, were introduced

especially in countries with very large electorates, such

as Brazil and India. In some countries, they were used

and discarded due to integrity concerns. More recently,

internet-based voting systems have been introduced in

some European and North American countries.

There are also hybrid systems that include an electronic

ballot-marking device (similar to a DRE) with the

capacity to print a voter verified paper audit trail, and

use a separate machine for electronic tabulation.

In the early 2000s, India introduced EVMs designed

and developed by Government-owned equipment

manufacturers. The EVMs comprise a set of two devices

running on batteries. The voter uses one device, the

Voting Unit, and an Electoral Officer operates the other

device called the Control Unit. A cable connects both

units. The Voting Unit has a button for every candidate,

and can hold up to 15 candidates, but up to 4 Units can

be linked to accommodate up to 60 candidates. The

Control Units have three buttons, namely one to release

a single vote, another to see the total number of votes

cast, and another one to close the voting. The results

button is hidden and sealed, and cannot be pressed

until the Close button is pressed.

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Electronic voting systems may provide a number of

advantages:

• It may speed up and ensure accuracy of the voting and

counting process

• It may increase voter turnout

• It may reduce fraud

• It eliminates invalid votes, both null and blank votes

• It reduces the use of paper

ELECTRONIC VOTING IN NAMIBIA

In 2014, Namibia became the first African country to

conduct a national election using electronic voting.

The introduction of EV into the Namibian elections first

started being discussed in 2004. With the challenges

faced in the counting and tabulation processes

in the 2009 elections, which led to a delay in the

announcement of the election results, the use of EVMs

found its way into the 2009 Electoral Act. As a result of

this, the Electoral Commission of Namibia (ECN) began

purchasing batches of Indian-manufactured EVMs.

These EVMs are stand-alone machines and are not

connected to any computer network. They do not

transmit or receive any signal, therefore cannot be

intercepted. EVMs are also powered by batteries, thus

possible to operate in areas with no electricity for the

entire duration of the voting and counting process.

The 2014 Namibian Electoral Act allowed the use of

electronic voting, but introduced the requirement

that the use of voting machines be subject to the

simultaneous utilisation of a verifiable paper trail for

every vote cast by a voter, and any vote cast is verified

by a count of the paper trail. The introduction of this

requirement in the Namibian Electoral Act of 2014

results from a court case in India, in which the Indian

Supreme Court ruled that verifiable paper trail, should

be indispensable for voter confidence in the system.

The Voter-Verified Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) is intended

as a verification system designed to allow voters to

verify that their vote was cast correctly, to detect

possible election fraud, and to provide a means to audit

the stored electronic results (see Picture 1 and 2 below).

However, VVPAT technology is very recent, and many of

the EVMs for the Namibian elections had already been

purchased when the technology was made available in

India. Therefore, the ECN decided to go ahead and use

EVMs in the 2014 elections without the use of VVPAT.

Instead they made use of a transitional provision in the

Electoral Act that states that different dates may be

determined in respect to the coming into operation of

different provisions of the Act, and deferred the use of

VVPAT to future elections.

Pic. 1: Explanation of VVPAT

Pic. 2: EVM with VVPAT printer

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The EVMs were first put to use in four local elections

in August 2014 and in one by-election in November

the same year, before being rolled out in the General

Elections of 28 November.

Since each Ballot Unit can only take up to 15 candidates

/ parties, if an election has more than 15 candidates /

parties, additional Units can be added in tandem with the

first one. In the case of Namibia, there was one Ballot Unit

in one voting booth for the presidential election (nine

candidates), and two Ballot Units in tandem in another

voting booth for the legislative election (sixteen parties).

Pic. 3: Electronic Voting Machine: Control Unit and

Ballot Unit on the left and Tabulator on the right

The Control Unit is the control section of the EVM and

only a polling official operates it. This unit controls the

polling process. The Control Unit consists of four sections:

the display screen, the candidate set, the results button

and the ballot button.

The Ballot Unit is the voter interface and voters only

interact with this unit and not the Control Unit. It consists

of an interconnecting cable which connects the Ballot

Unit to the Control Unit, ready lamp buttons, one register

lamp button, slide switch window, and 15 candidate

buttons. A ballot paper is inserted under the transparent

screen of the Ballot Unit.

The Tabulator is the unit placed, in the case of Namibia,

at the Constituency Results Centre for the tabulation

of results of all polling stations within a constituency.

After the vote counting, the Control Units are physically

transported to the Constituency results Centre, where

they are connected to the Tabulators and the results are

then tabulated.

The EVMs replace the issuing of a paper ballot with the

pressing of a button on the Control Unit by the polling

official and instead of the voter marking the ballot paper;

she/he presses a green button corresponding to the

political party or candidate of his or her choice on the

Ballot Unit. The voter then has to press the red Register

button on the Ballot Unit to complete the voting process.

It is important to note that other processes in the polling

station such as verification of voter identity against the

voter register, checking if a voter has voted before by

verifying the fingers for indelible ink and the inking

process still remain in place.

Preparation Of Evms Before Election Day

By law, all EVMs and Tabulators must be checked by a

manufacturer representative or by an expert person

designated by the ECN, to ensure that they are in working

order. This verification process takes place prior to any

election at the ECN offices in the presence of election

agents. After the verification process, the EVMs must be

prepared for Election Day.

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Returning Officers prepare the ballot units at the ECN

offices in the presence of the election agents by recording

the serial number of the ballot unit, stamping the ballot

paper to be inserted and displayed on the ballot paper

screen with an official ECN mark, inserting the ballot

paper in the ballot paper screen, ensuring that the name

of candidate or party corresponds with the candidate

button and sealing the ballot paper screen with the seal

clip provided by the ECN. The seal tag is then signed and

election agents who are present are allowed to sign the

seal tag.

The returning officer may connect more than one ballot

unit to a single control unit if the candidates or parties

partaking in an election are more than fifteen by setting

the slide switch to the position marked “1” if a single

ballot unit is used or to the position marked “2” if two

ballot units are used and so on.

After having completed the preparation of a ballot

unit, the returning officer prepares the control unit by

connecting the ballot unit to the control unit using the

interconnecting cable, switching on the control unit of

the voting machine, recording the serial number of the

control unit, and pressing the candidate set button to

configure the voting machine.

After the returning officer has completed the processes

referred to above, the control unit requests the setting

of the number of elections and the type of election to

be held, and the returning officer sets the number of

elections followed by the type of election by pressing the

first candidate button on the ballot unit if it is a candidate

election, or the second candidate button on the ballot

unit if it is a party election.

Afterwards, the returning officer closes the inner cover

of the candidate set section on the control unit and seals

it; closes the outer cover of the candidate set section on

the control unit and seals it; places the control unit and

ballot unit in their respective carrying cases; affixes a seal

to the carrying cases and allows the election agents who

are present to affix their own seals and record the seal

numbers.

EVMs and Election Day

On 28 November 2014 (Election Day), the ECN deployed

2,080 sets of EVMs: 1,255 at fixed, full-time polling

stations and 825 with the mobile teams that covered 2,711

temporary polling stations. The ECN also established a

technical support system for the EVMs, with 121 Namibian

IT technicians (one technician per constituency), and 31

engineers from the EVMs’ manufacturer.

Before voting started, the EVMs were prepared by the

polling station presiding officers and a pre-test was

then conducted. All these procedures took place in

the presence of the party agents and other authorised

persons such as observers who were present at the

polling station.

Presiding officers verified the seals on the carrying cases

of the voting machine, removed the ballot unit and the

control unit from their carrying cases, verified the seals

and the serial numbers on the control unit and the ballot

unit, connected the ballot unit to the control unit with the

interconnecting cable and the control unit was switched

on. Thereafter, they opened the outer and inner cover of

the “result section” of the control unit and pressed “total

button” to indicate that there were no votes recorded

on the voting machine. If by any chance votes had been

recorded on the voting machine, the presiding officer

would press the “clear button” to clear any recorded

votes.

After demonstrating that there were no votes recorded

in the voting machines, presiding officers conducted a

pre-poll test to ensure that all candidate buttons were

functioning properly, and that votes cast were properly

recorded and aggregated by the EVM.

The pre-poll test was conducted by allowing each election

agent present at the polling station to select his or her

candidate or party by pressing the “candidate button”

corresponding to the name of his or her candidate or

party and pressing the “register button” to cast his or her

vote. After all election agents cast their vote, presiding

officers pressed the “close button” to close the pre-poll

test. Presiding officers then pressed the “results button”

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to show the result of the pre-poll test which corresponded

to the votes cast. After the results of the pre-poll were

shown to all present, presiding officers pressed the “clear

button” to clear the votes recorded during the pre-poll

test.

Once the pre-poll test had been concluded, presiding

officers closed and sealed the inner and outer cover of

the results section with a clip seal, recorded the clip seal

numbers and allowed election agents to verify the clip

seal number. The EVMs were then ready for the beginning

of voting.

After the end of polling, closing and counting procedures

in the polling stations were strictly followed, and all EVM

control units produced aggregated results that were

accepted by all election agents. After the announcement

of results at the polling stations, the control units were

taken to the constituency results centres where they

were then plugged into the Tabulators1

to aggregate all

the polling stations results for further transmission to the

national results centre.

Observer findings on EVM performance on Election Day

Most election observation reports agree that polling

station staff were generally well-prepared to conduct

the EVM preparatory procedures and pre-poll tests,

with some inconsistencies that are to be expected when

systems are used for the first time. All the observed

pre-poll tests produced the expected results and no

complaints were recorded from election agents.

Five main questions were in the minds of stakeholders

regarding the use of EMVs on Election Day: (i) would they

accurately record and aggregate votes? (ii) would they

function without major breakdowns? (iii) in the case of

breakdowns, would the ECN be able to respond timeously

to assistance requests? (iv) would voters use the EVMs

with ease?, and (v) would the final polling station results

produced by the EVMs be accepted by all stakeholders?

The paragraphs to follow, explain the motivation behind

questions in more detail.

Accuracy: Given that Namibian EVMs so far have no VVPAT

capability, the only assurance that EVMs record and

aggregate votes accurately is the pre-poll test conducted

immediately before the beginning of vote. Since the EVMs

do not transmit or receive any signal and are therefore

immune from hacking, it is fair to assume that, following

a successful pre-poll test, they will continue to record and

aggregate votes accurately.

Breakdowns and technical support: There were a

few cases of EVM breakdowns that were reported by

observers. In all those instances, technical support from

the ECN was swift and managed to resolve the problem

without any major impact on the voting process. Most

breakdowns at the polling stations happened in relation

to the voter identification machines, not the EVMs.

Voter-friendliness: With the exception of voters who had

voted in the few local or by-elections prior to the general

elections, this was the first time the overwhelming

majority of voters operated an EVM. On average voters

took less than 30 seconds with each EVM to make their

choice and cast their vote. There were many reported

cases of voters who were unsure about which buttons

to press, and in which order. However, with the prompt

assistance from polling officials, the vote selection and

casting process remained very swift.

Results acceptance: Despite the absence of a manual

count that all present can visualize, follow and monitor,

which was the norm under manual voting, party agents

at the polling stations did not challenge the results

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

There is a general consensus among observer groups that

electronic voting was largely successful in Namibia, with

one observer mission even recommending its adoption

by other Southern African countries, and the permanent

adoption of electronic voting in Namibia .

1 The tabulators worked like calculators that collated results from a number of EVMs

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Some domestic stakeholders, particularly opposition

political parties, still alleged that the system was

manipulated in favour of the winning party, though no

evidence was presented. In this regard, the ECN clarified

that the EVM had no preprogrammed or computerised

systems attached to them. They were standalone

units that worked independently based on on-site

programming on election day.

Many stakeholders however rightly feel that the electronic

voting system was largely imposed on them without

enough opportunities for them to familiarize themselves

with it and “own” it.

EISA commends the ECN for taking the bold step to

introduce EVM and noted that the use of the EVM

was largely successful during the 2014 elections albeit

the process experienced delays with the failure of the

electronic voter identification system. Overall, the

introduction of the EVM addressed the issue of spoilt and

rejected ballots as all ballots were valid at the end of the

process. It also contributed to the quick tabulation of the

results as they were released on 1 December, less than 72

hours after the close of polling.

There are some areas for improvement, both in the

system, its deployment and management, and in the

public perception about it. Below we present a number

of recommendations to address those issues:

1. Introduce a VVPAT component to the EVMs in order

to improve transparency and increase public trust in

the system;

2. Create opportunities for regular interaction between

stakeholders and the system, through presentations

and simulations, to increase their familiarity with

electronic voting and improve their trust in it;

3. Allow space for stakeholders to present suggestions

for improvements to the system in order to strengthen

their sense of ownership;

4. Provide continuous voter education about electronic

voting and the mechanics of using the EVM to make a

choice and cast a vote in order to make them familiar

and comfortable with both the concept and the

practice;

5. Strengthen the knowledge of polling station staff

about preparatory procedures, pre-testing and how

to assist voters without violating secrecy of voting;

this is necessary in order ensure consistency in the

application of procedures for future elections.

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19

ABOUT EISA

INSTITUTIONAL BACKGROUND

EISA has since its inception in July 1996 established itself as a leading institution and influential player dealing

with elections and democracy related issues in the African continent. It envisions an African continent where

democratic governance, human rights and citizen participation are upheld in a peaceful environment.

The Institute’s vision is executed by striving for excellence in the promotion of credible elections, citizen

participation, and the strengthening of political institutions for sustainable democracy in Africa.

Having supported and/or observed over 70 electoral processes in Africa, EISA has extensive experience in

formulating, structuring and implementing democratic and electoral initiatives. It has built an internationally

recognised centre for policy, research and information and provides this service to electoral management

bodies, political parties and civil society organisations in a variety of areas, such as voter and civic education

and electoral assistance and observation. Besides its expanded geographical scope, the Institute has, for

the past several years, been increasingly working in new in-between election areas along the electoral and

parliamentary cycle, including constitution and law making processes, legislative strengthening, conflict

management and transformation, political party development, the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM)

and local governance and decentralisation.

EISA provides assistance to inter-governmental institutions, like the African Union, and the Pan-African

Parliament, to reinforce their capacity in the elections and democracy field. The Institute has just signed an

MOU with the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS); the East African Community (EAC);

and the Common Market for East and Southern Africa (COMESA). Within the framework of these recently

signed memoranda, the Institute will also provide similar assistance respectively these intergovernmental

institutions. Its MoU with the African Union was also renewed in 2014.

With its headquarters in Johannesburg (South Africa), EISA has had field offices across the African continent

and currently has offices in Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Madagascar, Mali,

Mozambique and Somalia, and a regional liaison office at the secretariat of the ECCAS in Libreville, Gabon.

Election observation activities

EISA has deployed continental witness missions for the past ten years including missions to Angola (2008),

Botswana (1999, 2004, 2009), Central African Republic (2010, 2011), Democratic Republic of Congo (2005

referendum, 2006 elections), Egypt (2011, 2012, 2014), Ghana (2008, 2012), Guinea Conakry (2010), Lesotho

(1998, 2002, 2007, 2012,2015), Liberia (2011), Madagascar (2005, 2007, 2013), Malawi (1999, 2004,2009),

Mauritius (2000, 2005, 2010, 2014), Mozambique (1999, 2004, 2009, 2013, 2014), Namibia (1999, 2004,

2009), Senegal (2012), Seychelles (2011), South Africa (1999, 2004, 2009, 2014), Tanzania (2005, 2010),

Uganda (2011), Zanzibar (2005, 2010), Zambia (2005, 2008, 2011,2015), and Zimbabwe (2000, 2002, 2008),

Reports on these missions can also be found on our website.

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T +27 11 381 60 00 · F +27 11 482 61 63

14 Park Rd · Richmond · Johannesburg

PO Box 740 · Auckland Park 2006 · South Africa

About EISA

EISA is a not for profit organisation established in 1996 based in Johannesburg (South Africa) with field

offices in Central African Republic, Gabon, Kenya, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique and Somalia.

Our vision

An African continent where democratic governance, human rights and citizen participation are upheld

in a peaceful environment.

Mission statement

EISA strives for excellence in the promotion of credible elections, citizen participation, and the

strengthening of political institutions for sustainable democracy in Africa.

Funded by

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http://tipitaka.org/

Buddha






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