2319 Wed 16 Aug 2017 LESSONS
Focus on strengthening Bahujan Samaj party at Booth Level.
http://ceokarnataka.kar.nic.
Visit:
http://ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/FinalRoll-2017/Dist_List.aspx
Dist. List
http://ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/FinalRoll-2017/Dist_List.aspx 30 ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು / BANGALORE District Name
Hebbal
http://ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/FinalRoll-2017/Part_List.aspx?ACNO=158
http://ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/FinalRoll-2017/English/WOIMG/AC158/AC1580001.pdf
Then you can see all the voters.
with such an exercise we can win that assembly with ease.
If
online Telephone directory is downloaded the voters could be contacted
physically thrice before the polls. Then the victory is asured.
BJP (Bahuth Jiyadha Psychopaths) slogan worked in Centre, Uttar Pradesh
and other states as they gobbled the Master Key by tampering the fraud
EVMs to win elections. If paper ballots are used in elections then the
BJP will not even get 1% votes.
Therefore, the slogan of the 99%
Sarvajan Samaj must be to scrap the fraud EVMs and go for polls with
aper ballots to save Democracy, liberty, equality and fraternity for the
welfare , happiness and peace of all societies.
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
Founding Father, Modern India (M.A., Ph.D., M.Sc., D.Sc., Barrister-at-Law, L.L.D., D.Litt)
Unknown Facts
Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar popularly
known as Babasaheb, was an Indian jurist, economist, politician and
social reformer who inspired the Dalit Buddhist movement and campaigned
against social discrimination against Untouchables (Dalits), while also
supporting the rights of women and labour.
There are many more known/ unknown facts
about Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. Knowing these facts, as an Indian, we will be
surely proud of this Great Revolutionary. The below are some of the
details about Dr. B.R. Ambedkar that every Indians must be aware of.
Some of the important Facts about Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
- Only an Indian who top in top world 1st talented person, according to Cambridge University, England 2011.
- Babasaheb Ambedkar was the first Indian to pursue an Economics doctorate degree abroad.
- 1st Indian who graduated DSc in Economics.
- 1st Ph.D in Economics and 1st double doctorate in Economics holder in South Asia.
- RBI was conceptualized on 1st April 1935 by the
guidelines from Babasaheb Ambedkar’s book “Problem of Rupee:its origin
and its solutions” - Indians have the right to vote without bias in
gender or caste or class or literacy or religion. It was Dr.Babasaheb
Ambedkar who voiced as the first person in India for the ‘Universal
Adult Franchise’ before the Southborough Commission. - Savior of labours, brought 8 hours of duty for
labours in India. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar changed the working time from
12 hours to 8 hours in the 7th session of Indian Labour Conference in
New Delhi, November 27, 1942.which became a light for workers in India. - Revolutionary Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was the
first person who brought “Equal pay for equal work irrespective of the
sex” in India in terms of Industrial workers as a Labour Minister in
the Viceroy executive council. - Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar framed many laws for women
workers in India such as ‘Mines Maternity Benefit Act’, ‘Women Labour
Welfare Fund’, ‘Women and Child Labour Protection Act’, ‘Maternity
Benefit for Women Labour’, and ‘Restoration of Ban on Employment of
Women on Underground Work in Coal Mines’. - Employees State Insurance (ESI) helps the
workers with medical care, medical leave, physical disability caused due
to injuries sustained during work, workmen’s compensation and for the
provision of various facilities. Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar enacted and
brought it for the benefit of workers. India was the first nation among
East Asian countries to bring Insurance Act for the well-being of
employees. - ‘Dearness Allowance’ (DA) & ‘Leave Benefit’ and ‘Revision of Scale of Pay’ were introduced by Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar.
- As Labour Member of the Viceroy’s Council, Dr.
Babasaheb Ambedkar initiated programs to increase the productivity of
workers, by providing them with education and important skills required
for performing jobs better, health care and maternity leave provisions
for women workers. - Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar set up the ‘Tripartite
Labour Council’ in 1942 to safeguard social security measures for the
workers, giving equal opportunity to the workers and employers to
participate in the formulation of labour policy and strengthening the
labour movement by introducing compulsory recognition of trade unions
and worker organizations. - Labour was placed in the ‘Concurrent List’,
‘Chief and Labour Commissioners’ were appointed, the ‘Labour
Investigation Committee’ was formed - credit for all these goes to Dr
Babasaheb Ambedkar. - ‘Minimum Wages Act’ was Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar’s contribution so was the ‘Maternity Benefit Bill’, empowering women workers.
- If there are ‘Employment Exchanges’ in India today, it is because of Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar’s vision.
- If workers can go on strike for their rights, it
is because of Babasaheb Ambedkar - he had clearly recognised the ‘Right
to Strike’ by the workers. - On 8th November, 1943 Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar
brought the ‘Indian Trade Unions (Amendment) Bill’ for compulsory
recognition of trade unions. - He was the pioneer of Multipurpose river
projects in India. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was the creator of Damodar
Valley project, Bhakra-Nangal Dam project, Sone River Valley project and
Hirakud dam project. In 1945, under the chairmanship of Dr. Babasaheb
Ambedkar, it was decided to invest in the potential benefits of
controlling the Mahanadi for multi- purpose use. - Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar had suggested division of
Madhya Pradesh into northern and southern state’s. He had also suggested
division of Bihar split into two, with Patna and Ranchi as the capitals
way back in 1955 for better development of these states. After almost
45 years both states were divided and Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand were
formed in the year 2000. - Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar emphasized on the
significance and need for the “Grid System ” which is still working
successfully even today. If today power engineers are going abroad for
training, the credit goes to Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar again, who as a
leader of labour Department formulated the policy to trained best
engineers overseas. - Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar established “Central
Technical Power Board ” (CTPB) for power system development., hydro
power station sites, hydro electric surveys, analyzing problem of
electricity generation and thermal power station investigation. - Babasaheb Ambedkar opposed Article 370 in the
Constitution, which gives a special status to the State of Jammu and
Kashmir, and it was put against his wishes. - Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar resigned from the post of
the first Law Minister of India when his noble ‘Hindu Code Bill’ a
women’s Rights for Indian Women dropped by then Prime Minister Nehru.The
contribution of Dr.Babasaheb for women empowerment in India is totally
ignored and hiding. For three years, he fought to get the Bill passed.
It was the greatest ever social reform in India. It is nothing but
declaration of women rights. It spoke of giving back dignity to Indian
women and giving equal rights to men and women. - The man who started the provision for a finance commission every five year in the constitution was none other than Dr. Ambedkar
B R Ambedkar: 10 Facts You Probably Don’t Know About the Chief Architect of the Modern Indian Constitution
The importance
of Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar in Indian polity cannot be overstated.
Economist, educationist and the chief architect of the Indian
Constitution, Ambedkar fought all his life to remove discrimination,
degradation and deprivation from the society.
Born on April 14, 1891, to parents Ramji Maloji Sakpal and Bhimabai
Murbadkar Sakpal in Mhow in Madhya Pradesh, Ambedkar came from humble
beginnings but he went on to become one of India’s greatest leaders.
On his 126th birth anniversary, we bring to you 10 facts that you
may not have known about him. They will help you see Baba Saheb’s legacy
in a new light!
1. Ambedkar’s original name was actually Ambavadekar.
Ambedkar original surname was Ambavadekar (derived from the name of
his native village ‘Ambavade’ in Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra). It
was his teacher, Mahadev Ambedkar who changed his surname from
‘Ambavadekar’ to his own surname ‘Ambedkar’ in school records as he was
very fond of him.
https://www.thetoptens.com/b-r-ambedkar/
2. Ambedkar was the first Indian to pursue a doctorate in economics abroad.
Not only in Ambedkar the first Indian to pursue an Economics
doctorate degree abroad, he is also the first Ph.D in Economics and the
first double doctorate holder in Economics in South Asia. He was also
among the highest educated Indians of his generation.
During his three years at Columbia University, Ambedkar took twenty
nine courses in economics, eleven in history, six in sociology, five in
philosophy, four in anthropology, three in politics and one each in
elementary French and German!
3. Ambedkar played a key role in establishment of Reserve Bank of India in 1935.
Reserve Bank of India was conceptualised according to the guidelines
presented by Ambedkar to the Hilton Young Commission (also known as
Royal Commission on Indian Currency and Finance) in his book, The Problem of the Rupee – Its Origin and Its Solution.
Ambedkar also knew that the problem of the rupee is eventually linked
to the problem of domestic inflation. In the preface to the book
version of his thesis, he pointed out: “…nothing will stabilize the
rupee unless we stabilize its general purchasing power”.
4. The Mahad Satyagraha of 1927 was Ambedkar’s first important crusade.
The Mahad satyagraha of 1927 was one of the defining moments in
Ambedkar’s political thought and action. Held in the small town of Mahad
in Maharashtra, this satyagraha was held three years prior to Gandhi’s
Dandi march. While salt was at the centre of Gandhi’s campaign, drinking
water was at the core of Ambedkar’s crusade.
By leading a group of Dalits to drink water from Chavadar lake in
Mahad, Ambedkar didn’t just assert the right of Dalits to take water
from public water sources, he sowed the the seeds of Dalit emancipation.
In his famous quote, he said,
“We are not going to the Chavadar Tank to merely drink
its water. We are going to the tank to assert that we too are human
beings like others. It must be clear that this meeting has been called
to set up the norm of equality.”
5. Ambedkar changed the working hours in India from 14 hours to 8 hours.
As the member for labour in the viceroy’s council from 1942 to 1946,
Dr Ambedkar was instrumental in bringing about several labour reforms.
He changed the working hours from 12 hours to 8 hours in the 7th session
of Indian Labour Conference in New Delhi in November 1942.
He also introduced several measures for workers like dearness
allowance, leave benefit, employee insurance, medical leave, equal pay
for equal work, minimum wages and periodic revision of scale of pay. He
also strengthened trade unions and established employment exchanges
across India.
6. Ambedkar’s autobiography is used as a textbook in the Columbia University.
A 20-page autobiographical story written by Ambedkar in 1935-36 (after his return from America and Europe), Waiting for a Visa is a book that draws
from his experiences with untouchability, starting from his childhood.
The book is used as a textbook in the Columbia University.
7. Ambedkar had opposed Article 370 of the Indian constitution
With members of the Drafting Committee
Ambedkar refused to draft Article 370 of the constitution (which
gives special status to the state of Jammu & Kashmir) on the grounds
that it was discriminatory and against the principles of unity and
integrity of the nation. Article 370 was eventually drafted by
Gopalswamy Ayyangar, former Diwan to Maharajah Hari Singh of Jammu and
Kashmir.
8. Ambedkar fought for three years to get the comprehensive Hindu Code Bill passed which gave several important rights to women.
Ambedkar resigned from his post of the first law minister of India
when the comprehensive Hindu Code Bill was dropped by the Indian
parliament. The bill had two main purposes – first, to elevate the
social status of Hindu women by giving them their due rights and second,
to abrogate social disparities and caste inequalities.
Some of the key features of this bill were:
- Women could now inherit family property, permitting divorce and adoption of girls
- The code gave both men and women the right to divorce if the marriage was untenable.
- Widows and divorcees were given the right to remarry.
- Polygamy was outlawed
- Intercaste marriage and adoption of children of any caste would be permitted.
A staunch supporter of women’s rights, Ambedkar also said,
“I measure the progress of community by the degree of
progress which women had achieved. Let every girl who marries stand by
her husband, claim to be her husband’s friend and equal, and refuse to
be his slave. I am sure if you follow this advice, you will bring honour
and glory to yourselves.”
9. Ambedkar was the first to suggest the division of Bihar and Madhya Pradesh
In his book (published in 1995), Thoughts on Linguistic States,
Ambedkar suggested splitting Madhya Pradesh and Bihar. A good 45 years
after he originally wrote the book, the split finally came with the
formation of Jharkhand out of Bihar and Chhattisgarh out of Madhya
Pradesh in the year 2000.
On splitting one-language states, he wrote in the book:
“The number of pieces into which a state with people speaking one
language should be divided into should depend upon (1) the requirements
of efficient administration, (2) the needs of the different areas, (3)
the sentiments of the different areas, and (4) the proportion between
the majority and minority.”
10. Ambedkar’s efforts were pioneering in the development of India’s national policy for water and electricity
Ambedkar handing over the final draft of the constitution to President Rajendra Prasad on November 26, 1949
The pioneer of multipurpose river valley projects in India, Ambedkar
initiated the Damodar Valley project, the Bhakra Nangal Dam project, the
Son River Valley project and Hirakud dam project. He also established
the Central Water Commission to facilitate the development of irrigation
projects at both the Central and the state level.
To spark the development of India’s power sector, Ambedkar also
established the Central Technical Power Board (CTPB) and Central
Electricity Authority to explore the potential of and establish hydel
and thermal power stations. He also emphasized on the need for a grid
system (which India still relies on) and well-trained
electrical engineers in India.
https://www.quora.com/In-India-if-Dr-Ambedkar-is-most-influential-after-Gandhi-why-there-are-no-currency-notes-with-Ambedkars-picture-on-them
Dr. Ambedkar was the the highest educated Indian economist of all times.
Ambedkar
was the first Indian to pursue Economics doctorate degree abroad.
According to him the industrialization and agricultural industry growth
could enhance the economy of the nation. He stressed on money investment
in the agricultural industry as the primary industry of India.
Ambedkar’s vision
benefited the government in accomplishing the food security goal. He
supported economic and social development of the society for nations
progress. He also emphasised on education, public hygiene, community
health, residential facilities as the basic amenities. His D.Sc. thesis
“The Problem of the Rupee: its origin and its solution” (1923) reveals
the factors responsible for Rupee fall.He
proved the importance of price stability than exchange stability. He
analysed the silver and gold rate exchange and its effect on Indian
economy.
He found out the reasons for the failure of British Indian
economy’s public treasury. He found the loss made by British rule on
Indian development.
He is creditworthy to establish Finance
Commission of India. He did not support the income tax policy for the
lower income group community. He contributed in Land Revenue Tax and
excise duty policies to stabilize Indian economy.
He played an important role in the land reform and the state economic development.
According
to him Hindu caste system, divided labours, was one of the hurdles for
the economic progress. He emphasised on free economy with stable rupee
which India has adopted recently. He advocated the birth control rate to
develop the Indian economy. This policy has been adopted by Indian
government as national policy for family planning. He emphasised on
equal rights to women for economic development.
He laid the foundation of industrial relations after Indian independence.
Amartya Sen,
said that Ambedkar is “father of my economics”, Sen continues that “he
was highly controversial figure in his home country, though it was not
the reality. His contribution in the field of economics is marvellous
and will be remembered forever.”
He deserved to be at all the Indian currency notes more than anyone.
For more references: B. R. Ambedkar
https://www.revolvy.com/topic/Dr.%20Babasaheb%20Ambedkar&item_type=topic
Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956), popularly known as Baba Saheb, was an Indian jurist, economist, politician and social reformer who inspired the Dalit Buddhist Movement and campaigned against social discrimination against Untouchables (Dalits), while also supporting the rights of women and labour.[3] [4] He was Independent India’s first law minister and the principal architect of the Constitution of India.[5] [6] [7] [8]
Ambedkar was a prolific student, earning doctorates in economics from both Columbia University and the London School of Economics, and gained a reputation as a scholar for his research in law, economics and political science.[9]
In his early career he was an economist, professor, and lawyer. His
later life was marked by his political activities; he became involved in
campaigning and negotiations for India’s independence, publishing
journals, advocating political rights and social freedom for Dalits, and
contributing significantly to the establishment of the state of India.
In 1956 he converted to Buddhism, initiating mass conversions of Dalits.
In 1990, the Bharat Ratna,
India’s highest civilian award, was posthumously conferred upon
Ambedkar. Ambedkar’s legacy includes numerous memorials and depictions
in popular culture.
Ambedkar was born on 14 April 1891 in the town and military cantonment of Mhow in the Central Provinces (now in Madhya Pradesh).[10] He was the 14th and last child of Ramji Maloji Sakpal, an army officer who held the rank of Subedar, and Bhimabai Murbadkar Sakpal.[11] His family was of Marathi background from the town of Ambavade (Mandangad taluka) in Ratnagiri district of modern-day Maharashtra. Ambedkar was born into a poor low Mahar (dalit) caste, who were treated as untouchables and subjected to socio-economic discrimination.[12] Ambedkar’s ancestors had long worked for the army of the British East India Company, and his father served in the British Indian Army at the Mhow cantonment.[13]
Although they attended school, Ambedkar and other untouchable children
were segregated and given little attention or help by teachers. They
were not allowed to sit inside the class. When they needed to drink
water, someone from a higher caste had to pour that water from a height
as they were not allowed to touch either the water or the vessel that
contained it. This task was usually performed for the young Ambedkar by
the school peon,
and if the peon was not available then he had to go without water; he
described the situation later in his writings as “No peon, No Water”.[14] He was required to sit on a gunny sack which he had to take home with him.[15]
Ramji Sakpal retired in 1894 and the family moved to Satara
two years later. Shortly after their move, Ambedkar’s mother died. The
children were cared for by their paternal aunt and lived in difficult
circumstances. Three sons – Balaram, Anandrao and Bhimrao – and two
daughters – Manjula and Tulasa – of the Ambedkars survived them. Of his
brothers and sisters, only Ambedkar passed his examinations and went to
high school. His original surname Ambavadekar comes from his native
village ‘Ambavade’ in Ratnagiri district.[16] His teacher, Mahadev Ambedkar, changed his surname from ‘Ambavadekar’ to his own surname ‘Ambedkar’ in school records.[16]
In 1897, Ambedkar’s family moved to Bombay where Ambedkar became the only untouchable enrolled at Elphinstone High School. In 1906, when he was about 15 years old, his marriage to a nine-year-old girl, Ramabai, was arranged.[1]
In 1907, he passed his matriculation examination and in the following year he entered Elphinstone College, which was affiliated to the University of Bombay,
becoming the first untouchable to do so. This success evoked much
celebration among untouchables and after a public ceremony, he was
presented with a biography of the Buddha by Dada Keluskar, the author
and a family friend.[1]
By
1912, he obtained his degree in economics and political science from
Bombay University, and prepared to take up employment with the Baroda
state government. His wife had just moved his young family and started
work when he had to quickly return to Mumbai to see his ailing father,
who died on 2 February 1913.[17]
In
1913, Ambedkar moved to the United States at the age of 22. He had been
awarded a Baroda State Scholarship of £11.50 (Sterling) per month for
three years under a scheme established by Sayajirao Gaekwad III (Gaekwad of Baroda) that was designed to provide opportunities for postgraduate education at Columbia University in New York City. Soon after arriving there he settled in rooms at Livingston Hall with Naval Bhathena, a Parsi
who was to be a lifelong friend. He passed his M.A. exam in June 1915,
majoring in Economics, and other subjects of Sociology, History,
Philosophy and Anthropology. He presented a thesis, Ancient Indian
Commerce. Ambedkar was influenced by John Dewey and his work on democracy.[18]
In
1916 he completed his second thesis, National Dividend of India-A
Historic and Analytical Study for another M.A., and finally he received
his PhD in Economics in 1927[19] for his third thesis, after he left for London. On 9 May, he presented the paper Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development before a seminar conducted by the anthropologist Alexander Goldenweiser.
In October 1916, he enrolled for the Bar course at Gray’s Inn,
and at the same time enrolled at the London School of Economics where
he started working on a doctoral thesis. In June 1917, he returned to
India because his scholarship from Baroda ended. His book collection was
dispatched on different ship from the one he was on, and that ship was
torpedoed and sunk by a German submarine.[17]
He got permission to return to London to submit his thesis within four
years. He returned at the first opportunity, and completed a master’s
degree in 1921. His thesis was on “The problem of the rupee: Its origin
and its solution”.[3]
In 1923, he completed a D.Sc. in Economics, and the same year he was
called to the Bar by Gray’s Inn. His third and fourth Doctorates (LL.D,
Columbia, 1952 and D.Litt., Osmania, 1953) were conferred honoris causa.[20]
Ambedkar viewed the Shudras as Aryan and adamantly rejected the Aryan invasion theory, describing it as “so absurd that it ought to have been dead long ago” in his 1946 book Who Were the Shudras?.[4]
Ambedkar
viewed Shudras as originally being “part of the Kshatriya Varna in the
Indo-Aryan society”, but became socially degraded after they inflicted
many tyrannies on Brahmins.[21]
According
to Arvind Sharma, Ambedkar noticed certain flaws in the Aryan invasion
theory that were later acknowledged by western scholarship. For example,
scholars now acknowledge anās in Rig Veda 5.29.10 refers to speech rather than the shape of the nose.[22] Ambedkar anticipated this modern view by stating:
The
term Anasa occurs in Rig Veda V.29.10. What does the word mean? There
are two interpretations. One is by Prof. Max Muller. The other is by
Sayanacharya. According to Prof. Max Muller, it means ‘one without nose’
or ‘one with a flat nose’ and has as such been relied upon as a piece
of evidence in support of the view that the Aryans were a separate race
from the Dasyus. Sayanacharya says that it means ‘mouthless,’ i.e.,
devoid of good speech. This difference of meaning is due to difference
in the correct reading of the word Anasa. Sayanacharya reads it as
an-asa while Prof. Max Muller reads it as a-nasa. As read by Prof. Max
Muller, it means ‘without nose.’ Question is : which of the two readings
is the correct one? There is no reason to hold that Sayana’s reading is
wrong. On the other hand there is everything to suggest that it is
right. In the first place, it does not make non-sense of the word.
Secondly, as there is no other place where the Dasyus are described as
noseless, there is no reason why the word should be read in such a
manner as to give it an altogether new sense. It is only fair to read it
as a synonym of Mridhravak. There is therefore no evidence in support
of the conclusion that the Dasyus belonged to a different race.[22]
Ambedkar disputed various hypotheses of the Aryan homeland being outside India, and concluded the Aryan homeland was India itself.[23] According to Ambedkar, the Rig Veda says Aryans, Dāsa and Dasyus were competing religious groups, not different peoples.[24]
As
Ambedkar was educated by the Princely State of Baroda, he was bound to
serve it. He was appointed Military Secretary to the Gaikwad but had to
quit in a short time. He described the incident in his autobiography, Waiting for a Visa.[25]
Thereafter, he tried to find ways to make a living for his growing
family. He worked as a private tutor, as an accountant, and established
an investment consulting business, but it failed when his clients
learned that he was an untouchable.[26] In 1918, he became Professor of Political Economy in the Sydenham College of Commerce and Economics
in Mumbai. Although he was successful with the students, other
professors objected to his sharing a drinking-water jug with them.[27]
Ambedkar had been invited to testify before the Southborough Committee, which was preparing the Government of India Act 1919. At this hearing, Ambedkar argued for creating separate electorates and reservations for untouchables and other religious communities.[28] In 1920, he began the publication of the weekly Mooknayak (Leader of the Silent) in Mumbai with the help of Shahu of Kolhapur i.e. Shahu IV (1874–1922).[29]
Ambedkar
went on to work as a legal professional. In 1926, he successfully
defended three non-Brahmin leaders who had accused the Brahmin community
of ruining India and were then subsequently sued for libel. Dhananjay Keer notes that “The victory was resounding, both socially and individually, for the clients and the Doctor
Samarth
While
practising law in the Bombay High Court, he tried to promote education
to untouchables and uplift them. His first organised attempt was his
establishment of the central institution Bahishkrit Hitakarini Sabha, intended to promote education and socio-economic improvement, as well as the welfare of “outcastes“, at the time referred to as depressed classes.[30] For the defence of Dalit rights, he started many periodicals like Mook Nayak, Bahishkrit Bharat, and Equality Janta.[31]
He was appointed to the Bombay Presidency Committee to work with the all-European Simon Commission in 1925.[32]
This commission had sparked great protests across India, and while its
report was ignored by most Indians, Ambedkar himself wrote a separate
set of recommendations for the future Constitution of India.[33]
By 1927, Ambedkar had decided to launch active movements against untouchability.
He began with public movements and marches to open up public drinking
water resources. He also began a struggle for the right to enter Hindu
temples. He led a satyagraha in Mahad to fight for the right of the untouchable community to draw water from the main water tank of the town.[34] In a conference in late 1927, Ambedkar publicly condemned the classic Hindu text, the Manusmriti
(Laws of Manu), for ideologically justifying caste discrimination and
“untouchability”, and he ceremonially burned copies of the ancient text.
On 25 December 1927, he led thousands of followers to burn copies of Manusmrti.[35] [36] Thus annually 25 December is celebrated as Manusmriti Dahan Din (Manusmriti Burning Day) by Ambedkarites and Dalits.[37] [38]
In 1930, Ambedkar launched Kalaram Temple movement after three months of preparation. About 15,000 volunteers assembled at Kalaram Temple satygraha making one of the greatest processions of Nashik.
The procession was headed by a military band, a batch of scouts, women
and men walked in discipline, order and determination to see the god for
the first time. When they reached to gate, the gates were closed by
Brahmin authorities.[39]
In 1932, British announced the formation of a separate electorate for “Depressed Classes” in the Communal Award. Gandhi
fiercely opposed a separate electorate for untouchables, saying he
feared that such an arrangement would divide the Hindu community.[40] [41] [42] Gandhi protested by fasting while imprisoned in the Yerwada Central Jail of Poona. Following the fast, Congress politicians and activists such as Madan Mohan Malaviya and Palwankar Baloo organised joint meetings with Ambedkar and his supporters at Yerwada.[43] On 25 September 1932, the agreement known as Poona Pact was signed between Ambedkar (on behalf of the depressed classes among Hindus) and Madan Mohan Malaviya
(on behalf of the other Hindus). The agreement gave reserved seats for
the depressed classes in the Provisional legislatures, within the
general electorate. Due to the pact, the depressed class received 148
seats in the legislature, instead of the 71 as allocated in the Communal Award earlier proposed by British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald.
The text uses the term “Depressed Classes” to denote Untouchables among
Hindus who were later called Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
under India Act 1935, and the later Indian Constitution of 1950.[44] [45]
In the Poona Pact, a unified electorate was in principle formed, but
primary and secondary elections allowed Untouchables in practice to
choose their own candidates.[46]
In 1935, Ambedkar was appointed principal of the Government Law College, Bombay, a position he held for two years. He also served as the chairman of Governing body of Ramjas College, University of Delhi, after the death of its Founder Shri Rai Kedarnath.[47]
Settling in Bombay (today called Mumbai), Ambedkar oversaw the
construction of a house, and stocked his personal library with more than
50,000 books.[48] His wife Ramabai died after a long illness the same year. It had been her long-standing wish to go on a pilgrimage to Pandharpur,
but Ambedkar had refused to let her go, telling her that he would
create a new Pandharpur for her instead of Hinduism’s Pandharpur which
treated them as untouchables. At the Yeola Conversion Conference on 13
October in Nasik, Ambedkar announced his intention to convert to a
different religion and exhorted his followers to leave Hinduism.[48] He would repeat his message at many public meetings across India.
In 1936, Ambedkar founded the Independent Labour Party, which contested the 1937 Bombay election to the Central Legislative Assembly for the 13 reserved and 4 general seats, and secured 11 and 3 seats respectively.[49]
Ambedkar published his book Annihilation of Caste on 15 May 1936.[50] It strongly criticised Hindu orthodox religious leaders and the caste system in general,[51] and included “a rebuke of Gandhi” on the subject.[52]
Later, in a 1955 BBC interview, he accused Gandhi of writing in
opposition of the caste system in English language papers while writing
in support of it in Gujarati language papers.[53]
Ambedkar served on the Defence Advisory Committee[54] and the Viceroy’s Executive Council as minister for labour.[54]
In his work Who Were the Shudras?,
Ambedkar tried to explain the formation of untouchables. He saw Shudras
and Ati Shudras who form the lowest caste in the ritual hierarchy of
the caste system, as separate from Untouchables. Ambedkar oversaw the transformation of his political party into the Scheduled Castes Federation, although it performed poorly in the 1946 elections for Constituent Assembly of India. Later he was elected into the constituent assembly of Bengal where Muslim League was in power.[55]
Ambedkar
contested in the Bombay North first Indian General Election of 1952,
but lost to his former assistant and Congress Party candidate Narayan
Kajrolkar. Ambedkar became a member of Rajya Sabha, probably an
appointed member. He tried to enter Lok Sabha again in the by-election
of 1954 from Bhandara, but he placed third (the Congress Party won). By
the time of the second general election in 1957, Ambedkar had died.
Ambedkar also criticised Islamic practice in South Asia. While justifying the Partition of India, he condemned child marriage and the mistreatment of women in Muslim society.
No
words can adequately express the great and many evils of polygamy and
concubinage, and especially as a source of misery to a Muslim woman.
Take the caste system. Everybody infers that Islam must be free from
slavery and caste. […] [While slavery existed], much of its support
was derived from Islam and Islamic countries. While the prescriptions by
the Prophet regarding the just and humane treatment of slaves contained
in the Koran are praiseworthy, there is nothing whatever in Islam that
lends support to the abolition of this curse. But if slavery has gone,
caste among Musalmans [Muslims] has remained.[56]
Upon
India’s independence on 15 August 1947, the new Congress-led government
invited Ambedkar to serve as the nation’s first Law Minister, which he
accepted. On 29 August, he was appointed Chairman of the Constitution
Drafting Committee, and was appointed by the Assembly to write India’s
new Constitution.[57]
Granville Austin described the Indian Constitution
drafted by Ambedkar as ‘first and foremost a social document’. ‘The
majority of India’s constitutional provisions are either directly
arrived at furthering the aim of social revolution or attempt to foster
this revolution by establishing conditions necessary for its
achievement.’[58]
The text prepared by Ambedkar provided constitutional guarantees and protections for a wide range of civil liberties
for individual citizens, including freedom of religion, the abolition
of untouchability, and the outlawing of all forms of discrimination.
Ambedkar argued for extensive economic and social rights for women, and
won the Assembly’s support for introducing a system of reservations of jobs in the civil services, schools and colleges for members of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes and Other Backward Class, a system akin to affirmative action.[59]
India’s lawmakers hoped to eradicate the socio-economic inequalities
and lack of opportunities for India’s depressed classes through these
measures.[60] The Constitution was adopted on 26 November 1949 by the Constituent Assembly.[61]
Ambedkar opposed Article 370
of the Constitution of India, which granted a special status to the
State of Jammu and Kashmir, and which was included against his wishes. Balraj Madhok reportedly said, Ambedkar had clearly told the Kashmiri leader, Sheikh Abdullah:
“You wish India should protect your borders, she should build roads in
your area, she should supply you food grains, and Kashmir should get
equal status as India. But Government of India should have only limited
powers and Indian people should have no rights in Kashmir. To give
consent to this proposal, would be a treacherous thing against the
interests of India and I, as the Law Minister of India, will never do
it.” Then Sk. Abdullah approached Nehru, who directed him to Gopal Swami
Ayyangar, who in turn approached Sardar Patel, saying Nehru had
promised Sk. Abdullah the special status. Patel got the Article passed
while Nehru was on a foreign tour. On the day the article came up for
discussion, Ambedkar did not reply to questions on it but did
participate on other articles. All arguments were done by Krishna Swami
Ayyangar.[62] [63] [64]
I
personally do not understand why religion should be given this vast,
expansive jurisdiction, so as to cover the whole of life and to prevent
the legislature from encroaching upon that field. After all, what are we
having this liberty for? We are having this liberty in order to reform
our social system, which is so full of inequities, discriminations and
other things, which conflict with our fundamental rights.[65]
During
the debates in the Constituent Assembly, Ambedkar demonstrated his will
to reform Indian society by recommending the adoption of a Uniform Civil Code.[66] [67] Ambedkar resigned from the cabinet in 1951, when parliament stalled his draft of the Hindu Code Bill, which sought to enshrine gender equality in the laws of inheritance and marriage.[68] Ambedkar independently contested an election in 1952 to the lower house of parliament, the Lok Sabha, but was defeated in the Bombay (North Central) constituency by a little-known Narayan Sadoba Kajrolkar, who polled 138,137 votes compared to Ambedkar’s 123,576.[69] [70] [71] He was appointed to the upper house, of parliament, the Rajya Sabha in March 1952 and would remain as member till death.[72]
Ambedkar was the first Indian to pursue a doctorate in economics abroad.[73] He argued that industrialisation and agricultural growth could enhance the Indian economy.[74] He stressed investment in agriculture as the primary industry of India.[75] According to Sharad Pawar, Ambedkar’s vision helped the government to achieve its food security goal.[76]
Ambedkar advocated national economic and social development, stressing
education, public hygiene, community health, residential facilities as
the basic amenities.[74] His DSc thesis “The problem of the Rupee: Its origin and solution” (1923) examines the causes for the Rupee’s fall in value.[75]
He proved the importance of price stability over exchange stability. He
analysed the silver and gold exchange rates and their effect on the
economy, and found the reasons for the failure of British India’s public
treasury.[75] He calculated the loss of development caused by British rule.[77]
In 1951, Ambedkar established the Finance Commission of India.
He opposed income tax for low-income groups. He contributed in Land
Revenue Tax and excise duty policies to stabilise the economy.[75] He played an important role in land reform and the state economic development.[78]
According to him, the caste system divided labourors and impeded
economic progress. He emphasised a free economy with a stable Rupee
which India has adopted recently.[75]
He advocated birth control to develop the Indian economy, and this has
been adopted by Indian government as national policy for family
planning. He emphasised equal rights for women for economic development.[75] He laid the foundation of industrial relations after Indian independence.[78]
Ambedkar
was trained as an economist, and was a professional economist until
1921, when he became a political leader. He wrote three scholarly books
on economics:
- Administration and Finance of the East India Company
- The Evolution of Provincial Finance in British India
- The Problem of the Rupee: Its Origin and Its Solution[79] [80] [81]
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI), was based on the ideas that Ambedkar presented to the Hilton Young Commission.[79] [81] [82] [83]
Ambedkar’s
first wife Ramabai died in 1935 after a long illness. After completing
the draft of India’s constitution in the late 1940s, he suffered from
lack of sleep, had neuropathic pain in his legs, and was taking insulin and homoeopathic medicines.
He went to Bombay for treatment, and there met Dr. Sharada Kabir, whom
he married on 15 April 1948, at his home in New Delhi. Doctors
recommended a companion who was a good cook and had medical knowledge to
care for him.[84] She adopted the name Savita Ambedkar and cared for him the rest of his life.[2] . Savita Ambedkar, who was called ‘Mai’, died on May 29, 2003, aged 93 at Mehrauli, New Delhi.[85]
Ambedkar considered converting to Sikhism,
which encouraged opposition to oppression and so appealed to leaders of
scheduled castes. But after meeting with Sikh leaders, he concluded
that he might get “second-rate” Sikh status, as described by scholar Stephen P. Cohen.[86]
Instead, he studied Buddhism all his life. Around 1950, he devoted his attention to Buddhism and travelled to Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) to attend a meeting of the World Fellowship of Buddhists.[87] While dedicating a new Buddhist vihara near Pune, Ambedkar announced he was writing a book on Buddhism, and that when it was finished, he would formally convert to Buddhism.[88] He twice visited Burma in 1954; the second time to attend the third conference of the World Fellowship of Buddhists in Rangoon.[89] In 1955, he founded the Bharatiya Bauddha Mahasabha, or the Buddhist Society of India.[90] He completed his final work, The Buddha and His Dhamma, in 1956 which was published posthumously.[90]
After meetings with the Sri Lankan Buddhist monk Hammalawa Saddhatissa,[91] Ambedkar organised a formal public ceremony for himself and his supporters in Nagpur on 14 October 1956. Accepting the Three Refuges and Five Precepts from a Buddhist monk
in the traditional manner, Ambedkar completed his own conversion, along
with his wife. He then proceeded to convert some 500,000 of his
supporters who were gathered around him.[88] [92] He prescribed the 22 Vows for these converts, after the Three Jewels and Five Precepts. He then travelled to Kathmandu, Nepal to attend the Fourth World Buddhist Conference.[89] His work on The Buddha or Karl Marx and “Revolution and counter-revolution in ancient India” remained incomplete.[93]
Since 1948, Ambedkar suffered from diabetes. He was bed-ridden from June to October in 1954 due to medication side-effects and poor eyesight.[88]
He had been increasingly embittered by political issues, which took a
toll on his health. His health worsened during 1955. Three days after
completing his final manuscript The Buddha and His Dhamma, Ambedkar died in his sleep on 6 December 1956 at his home in Delhi.
A Buddhist cremation[94] was organised at Dadar Chowpatty beach on 7 December,[95] attended by half a million grieving people.[96] A conversion program was organised on 16 December 1956,[97] so that cremation attendees were also converted to Buddhism at the same place.[97]
Ambedkar was survived by his second wife, who died in 2003,[98] and his son Yashwant (known as Bhaiyasaheb Ambedkar).[99] Ambedkar’s grandson, Ambedkar Prakash Yashwant, is the chief-adviser of the Buddhist Society of India,[100] leads the Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh[101] and has served in both houses of the Indian Parliament.[101]
A
number of unfinished typescripts and handwritten drafts were found
among Ambedkar’s notes and papers and gradually made available. Among
these were Waiting for a Visa, which probably dates from 1935–36 and is
an autobiographical work, and the Untouchables, or the Children of
India’s Ghetto, which refers to the census of 1951.[88]
A memorial for Ambedkar was established in his Delhi house at 26 Alipur Road. His birthdate is celebrated as a public holiday known as Ambedkar Jayanti or Bhim Jayanti. He was posthumously awarded India’s highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna, in 1990.[102]
On
the anniversary of his birth and death, and on Dhamma Chakra Pravartan
Din (14 October) at Nagpur, at least half a million people gather to pay
homage to him at his memorial in Mumbai.[103] Thousands of bookshops are set up, and books are sold. His message to his followers was “educate, organise, agitate!”.[104]
Ambedkar’s legacy as a socio-political reformer, had a deep effect on modern India.[105] [106]
In post-Independence India, his socio-political thought is respected
across the political spectrum. His initiatives have influenced various
spheres of life and transformed the way India today looks at
socio-economic policies, education and affirmative action
through socio-economic and legal incentives. His reputation as a
scholar led to his appointment as free India’s first law minister, and
chairman of the committee for drafting the constitution. He passionately
believed in individual freedom and criticised caste society. His
accusations of Hinduism as being the foundation of the caste system made him controversial and unpopular among Hindus.[107] His conversion to Buddhism sparked a revival in interest in Buddhist philosophy in India and abroad.[108]
Many public institutions are named in his honour, and the Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar International Airport in Nagpur, otherwise known as Sonegaon Airport. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar is also named in his honour. A large official portrait of Ambedkar is on display in the Indian Parliament building.
The
Maharashtra government has acquired a house in London where Ambedkar
lived during his days as a student in the 1920s. The house is expected
to be converted into a museum-cum-memorial to Ambedkar.[109]
Ambedkar was voted “the Greatest Indian” in 2012 by a poll organised by History TV18 and CNN IBN. Nearly 20 million votes were cast, making him the most popular Indian figure since the launch of the initiative.[110] [111] Due to his role in economics, Narendra Jadhav, a notable Indian economist,[112] has said that Ambedkar was “the highest educated Indian economist of all times.”[113] Amartya Sen,
said that Ambedkar is “father of my economics”, and “he was highly
controversial figure in his home country, though it was not the reality.
His contribution in the field of economics is marvelous and will be
remembered forever.”[114] [115] Osho,
a spiritual teacher, remarked “I have seen people who are born in the
lowest category of Hindu law, the sudras, the untouchables, so
intelligent: when India became independent, the man who made the
constitution of India, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, was a sudra. There was no
equal to his intelligence as far as law is concerned – he was a
world-famous authority.” [116] President Obama addressed the Indian parliament
in 2010, and referred to Dalit leader Dr. B.R. Ambedkar as the great
and revered Human Rights champion and main author of India’s
constitution.[117]
Ambedkar’s
political philosophy has given rise to a large number of political
parties, publications and workers’ unions that remain active across
India, especially in Maharashtra.
His promotion of Buddhism has rejuvenated interest in Buddhist
philosophy among sections of population in India. Mass conversion
ceremonies have been organised by human rights activists in modern
times, emulating Ambedkar’s Nagpur ceremony of 1956.[118] Some Indian Buddhists regard him as a Bodhisattva, although he never claimed it himself.[119] Outside India, during the late 1990s, some Hungarian Romani people
drew parallels between their own situation and that of the downtrodden
people in India. Inspired by Ambedkar, they started to convert to
Buddhism.[120]
Several movies, plays, and other works have been based on the life and thoughts of Ambedkar. Jabbar Patel directed the English-language film Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar in 2000 with Mammootty in the lead role.[121] This biopic was sponsored by the National Film Development Corporation of India and the government’s Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. The film was released after a long and controversial gestation.[122] David Blundell, professor of anthropology at UCLA
and historical ethnographer, has established Arising Light – a series
of films and events that are intended to stimulate interest and
knowledge about the social conditions in India and the life of Ambedkar.[123] In Samvidhaan,[124] a TV mini-series on the making of the Constitution of India directed by Shyam Benegal, the pivotal role of B. R. Ambedkar was played by Sachin Khedekar. The play Ambedkar Aur Gandhi, directed by Arvind Gaur and written by Rajesh Kumar, tracks the two prominent personalities of its title.[125]
Bhimayana: Experiences of Untouchability, published in 2011 by Navayana,
is a graphic biography of Ambedkar. It was created by Pardhan-Gond
artists Durgabai Vyam and Subhash Vyam, and writers Srividya Natarajan
and S. Anand.
The book depicts the experiences of untouchability faced by Ambedkar
from childhood to adulthood. CNN named it one of the top 5 political
comic books.[126]
The Ambedkar Memorial at Lucknow is dedicated in his memory. The chaitya consists of monuments showing his biography.[127] [128]
Google commemorated Ambedkar’s 124th birthday through a homepage doodle[129] on 14 April 2015.[130] The doodle was featured in India, Argentina, Chile, Ireland, Peru, Poland, Sweden and the United Kingdom.[131] [132] [133]
The Education Department, Government of Maharashtra (Mumbai) published the collection of Ambedkar’s writings and speeches in different volumes.[134]
- Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development and 11 Other Essays
- Ambedkar in the Bombay Legislature, with the Simon Commission and at the Round Table Conferences, 1927–1939
- Philosophy of Hinduism; India and the Pre-requisites of Communism; Revolution and Counter-revolution; Buddha or Karl Marx
- Riddles in Hinduism[135]
- Essays on Untouchables and Untouchability
- The Evolution of Provincial Finance in British India
- The Untouchables Who Were They And Why They Became Untouchables ?
- The Annihilation of Caste (1936)
- Pakistan or the Partition of India
- What Congress and Gandhi have done to the Untouchables; Mr. Gandhi and the Emancipation of the Untouchables
- Ambedkar as member of the Governor General’s Executive Council, 1942–46
- The Buddha and his Dhamma
- Unpublished Writings; Ancient Indian Commerce; Notes on laws; Waiting for a Visa ; Miscellaneous notes, etc.
- Ambedkar as the principal architect of the Constitution of India
- (2 parts) Dr. Ambedkar and The Hindu Code Bill
- Ambedkar as Free India’s First Law Minister and Member of Opposition in Indian Parliament (1947–1956)
- The Pali Grammar
- Ambedkar
and his Egalitarian Revolution – Struggle for Human Rights. Events
starting from March 1927 to 17 November 1956 in the chronological order;
Ambedkar and his Egalitarian Revolution – Socio-political and religious
activities. Events starting from November 1929 to 8 May 1956 in the
chronological order; Ambedkar and his Egalitarian Revolution – Speeches.
(Events starting from 1 January to 20 November 1956 in the
chronological order.) - Ambedkar’s Speeches and writing in Marathi
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https://drambedkarbooks.com/2016/02/05/5th-february-in-dalit-history-dr-ambedkar-introduced-hindu-code-bill-in-the-parliament-hindu-leaders-opposed/
5th February in SC/ST History – Dr. Ambedkar introduced Hindu Code bill in the Parliament, Hindu leaders opposed it
5 February 1951: Hindu Code bill was introduced in the Parliament
Following India’s independence Jawaharlal Nehru entrusted his first Law Minister Dr. Ambedkar,
who belonged to the Scheduled Caste Federation, with the task of
codifying the Hindu personal law as the first step towards a uniform
civil code. Dr. Ambedkar formed a committee with himself as its
chairperson. The other members were K Y Bhandarkar. G R Rajagopal of the
Ministry of Law and S V Gupte of the Bombay Bar. The committee made
only minor revisions to the draft that was presented to the Consituent
Assembly in 1947 before Independence. But even before the bill could be
put up to the Constituent Assembly (Legislative) some vocal sections of
Hindu public opinion raised the bogey ‘Hinduism in danger’. Dr. Ambedkar and
his team, however, was undaunted and continued with their efforts with
all seriousness and presented the draft bill to Nehru’s cabinet, which
unanimously approved it. Emboldened by this exercise, on 5 February
1951 he introduced the bill to the Parliament. But to his utter
surprise, many Hindu members, including some who had approved it in the
cabinet earlier, now resisted it. Sardar Patel as the home minister and
the Deputy Prime Minister, Syama Prasad Mookerjee as the industry
minister who belonged to the Hindu Mahasabha, and Pandit Madan Mohan
Malviya, a tradionalist Congressman, strongly opposed the bill. Pattabhi
Sitaramayya, the Congress president, also opposed it, particularly
keeping in view its negative impacts on Hindu votes in the election of
1951-52. Mookerjee said it would ’shatter the magnificent structure of
Hindu culture and stultify a dynamic and catholic way of life that had
wonderfully adapted itself to the changes for centuries’. Even women
belonging to the Hindu Mahasabha came to the forefront to oppose the
bill. Already a year ago, in a long letter to President Rajendra Prasad,
Janakibai Joshi, the President of the All India Hindu Women’s
Conference that belonged to the Hindu Mahasabha, had written on 4
February 1950 that any move to replace the concept of Hindu marriage as
sacrament by making it contractual would destroy the entire family
system of the Hindus. ‘The Hindu family should be taken as a unit and
fragmentation of the property should not be allowed so as to go away to
other family through daughter’.
Read the entire article on Wikipedia
http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/dr-ambedkar-never-wanted-power-quit-over-hindu-bill-bihar-governor-1271880
Dr Ambedkar Never Wanted Power, Quit Over Hindu Bill: President-Ram Nath Kovind.
Ram Nath Kovind said that Dr B R Ambedkar readily resigned
as the law minister from Jawaharlal Nehru’s cabinet when the government
refused to back the reformist Hindu Code Bill.
“Jawaharlal Nehru
had told Babasaheb Ambedkar that nation is not ready for your modern
thoughts on the issue of giving rights to Hindu girls in family
property,” Kovind said while addressing students at the Gujarat
National Law University at Gandhinagar during a seminar on Ambedkar.
“Ambedkar
replied that as the country has become independent, it is our duty to
create that type of awareness through a law. However, when Nehru went
back on (introducing) the bill, Ambedkar resigned,” he said.
Kovind said that Dr Ambedkar’s aim was not to get political power from the British but the uplift of the people.
“On
the one side were Nehru, Gandhi and others who aimed at getting power
(by throwing off the British rule), while Dr Ambedkar never aimed at
getting power. He believed that if ills present in the society are
removed, the country will progress on its own,” he said.
Comment by
PRABUDDHA BHARATH VASI
New found love from sanghis towards Dr
Ambedkar raises the eyebrows. Ambedkar was all along against the
atrocities on the SC/STs from upper caste Hindus in general and the just 1% intolerant, militant, shooting, lynching, lunatic, mentally retarded number one terrorist cannibal chitpavan brahmin psychopaths of RSS (Rakshasa Swayam Sevaks) in those days. Nehru
and Gandhi also followed same principles of Abedkar. While Ambedkar
wanted the reformations fast, Nehru and Gandhi implemented the
transition in a smoother pace whereas the RSS and parivars were ( are
) at diametrically opposite position of Ambedkar. In that sense, if
Nehru and Gandhi are two feet away from Ambedkar’s principles,
chchaddiwalas are 2000 feet away from Ambedkar. So, the new found love
of BJP (Bahuth Jiyadha Psychopaths) towards Ambedkar is just a cheating technique in their usual
dexterity. Anti-Ambedkar and anti SC/ST sensation is in the DNA of
BJP and RSS which is different from the 99% aboriginal inhabitants of Jumbudvipa/ Prabuddha bharath Sarvajan Samaj including SC/STs/OBCs/Religious Minorities/ Poor non-chitpavan brahmins and baniyas. Anybody with a little common sense can realize this. SC/STs and all other societies can’t be deceived by these master jugglers who are slaves, stooges, bootlickers, chamchas, chelas of the the chitpavan brahmins who are all own mother’s flesh eaters.