sarvajan.ambedkar.org
bhikkhus, are three ascetic tasks of an ascetic. Which three? The
undertaking of the training in hightened virtue, the undertaking of the
training in hightened mind, the undertaking of the training in hightened
discernment. These, bhikkhus, are the three ascetic tasks of an
ascetic.
bhikkhus, you should train thus: ‘We will develop an eager zeal for
undertaking the training in hightened virtue, we will develop an eager
zeal for undertaking the training in hightened mind, we will develop an
eager zeal for undertaking the training in hightened discernment. This,
bhikkhus, is how you should train.
bhikkhave, samaṇassa samaṇakaraṇīyāni. katamāni tīṇi?
adhisīlasikkhāsamādānaṃ, adhicittasikkhāsamādānaṃ,
adhipaññāsikkhāsamādānaṃ. imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi samaṇassa
samaṇakaraṇīyāni.
bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ: ‘tibbo no chando bhavissati
adhisīlasikkhāsamādāne, tibbo no chando bhavissati
adhicittasikkhāsamādāne, tibbo no chando bhavissati
adhipaññāsikkhāsamādāne’ti. evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti.
Observance Then and NowThis is an edited video of an online Dhamma talk
given on 28 November 2021 and hosted by Bandar Utama Buddhist
Society.00:00 …
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06) ClassicalDevanagari,Classical Hindi-Devanagari- शास्त्रीय हिंदी,
youtube.com/watch?v=ms7gkW
यहां एक तपस्वी के तीन ascetics कार्य हैं।
इसलिए आपको इस प्रकार ट्रेन करना चाहिए:’हम हाइटेन्ड पुण्य, दिमाग,समझ
में प्रशिक्षण के लिए एक उत्सुक उत्साह विकसित करेंगे। यह है कि आपको ट्रेन
कैसा करना चाहिए।
is die drie ascetics take van ‘n asetiese. Daarom moet jy dus oplei:
‘Ons sal ‘n gretige ywer ontwikkel om die opleiding in ligte deugde,
verstand, onderskeiding te onderneem. Dit is hoe jy moet oefen.
-
09) Classical Albanian-Shqiptare klasike,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IR26Afv_BDk
janë tre detyrat asketetike të një asketike.Prandaj ju duhet të
stërviteni kështu:’Ne do të zhvillojmë një zell të etur për të ndërmarrë
trajnimin në virtytin,mendjen,dallimin e highmened.This është se si
duhet të stërvitni.
يجب أن تدرب هكذا: “سنقوم بتطوير حمص حريص للتدريب في الفضيلة في الفضيلة
المذهلة، والتمييز. هذه هي الطريقة التي يجب أن تدرب عليها.
হৈছে এজন তপস্বীৰ তিনিটা তপস্বী কাৰ্য্য। সেয়েহে আপুনি এনেদৰে প্ৰশিক্ষণ
দিয়া উচিত: ‘আমি উচ্চ গুণ, মন, বিচক্ষণতাৰ েৰে প্ৰশিক্ষণ লোৱাৰ বাবে এক
আগ্ৰহী উৎসাহ বিকশিত কৰিম। আপুনি এনেদৰে প্ৰশিক্ষণ দিয়া উচিত।
14) Classical Azerbaijani- Klassik Azərbaycan,
görə də belə məşq etməlisiniz: “Hightened fəzilətdə, ağıl, dərraki,
ağıl, dərraki ilə təlimi həyata keçirmək üçün həvəsli səy göstərəcəyik.
Bu necə məşq etməlisiniz.
15) Classical Basque- Euskal klasikoa,Hona hemen Ascetic-en hiru
zereginak. Hori dela eta, horrela entrenatu beharko zenuke: ‘Zeel
irrikaz garatuko dugu bertutearen, gogoan, diskurtsoan prestakuntza
egiteko. Hau da nola entrenatu beharko zenuke.
Класічная беларуская,
Вось тры аскетычныя задачы аскетычнага. Таму вы павінны навучаць такім
чынам: «Мы будзем развіваць нецярплівыя стараннасць для правядзення
навучання ў зацягвалі дабрачыннасць, розум, discernment.This, як вы
павінны трэніравацца.
আপনি এভাবে প্রশিক্ষণের জন্য আপনাকে অবশ্যই প্রশিক্ষণ দিতে হবে: ‘আমরা
হাইটেড সদগুণ, মন, বুদ্ধি প্রশিক্ষণের জন্য একটি উদার উদ্যোগের বিকাশ করব।
এইভাবেই আপনাকে প্রশিক্ষণ দেওয়া উচিত।
biste trebali na taj način trenirati: ‘Razvidjet ćemo željnu revnosti
za poduzimanje obuke u visku vizuru, umu, razbojniku. To je kako biste
trebali trenirati.
трябва да тренирате по този начин: “Ще развием желаеща ревност за
предприемане на обучението в всестранна добродетел, ум,
разпознаване.Това е как трябва да тренирате.
-
20) Classical Catalan-Català clàssic
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YNuClw-LL0kAquí hi ha les tres tasques d’Ascètica d’un ascètic.Per
tant, haureu d’entrenar-vos així: “Desenvoluparem un zel ansiós per dur
a terme la formació en virtut de Highted, Mind, Discernment.This és com
haureu de formar-vos.
youtube.com/watch?v=MCBXKI
Ania ang tulo nga mga buluhaton sa ascetics sa usa ka ascetic.
Tungod niini kinahanglan nga bansayon mo kini: ‘Maghimo kami usa ka
madasigon nga kasibot alang sa paghimo sa pagbansay sa gipunting nga
hiyas, hunahuna,pag-ila.
-
Classical Chichewa-Chikale cha Chichewa,
youtube.com/watch?v=mxYFi1
Nawa ntchito zitatu za ascetics za masewera.
Chifukwa chake muyenera kuiphunzitsa kuti: ‘Tidzakhala ndi changu
chofunitsitsa chifukwa chophunzitsira,malingaliro,kuzindikira.This ndi
momwe mukuyenera kuphunzitsa.youtube.comGOOD MORNING#goodmorning #youtubeshort #bts #bird
-
23) Classical Chinese (Simplified)-古典中文（简体）,
youtube.com/watch?v=Z5azV7
以下是禁欲的三个Accetics任务。
因此，您应该训练：“我们将开发一个渴望在高位德文，心灵，辨别的培训中进行培训。这就是你应该如何训练。youtube.com【電影冷知識】《捍衛任務3：全面開戰》想要成為殺神需要花多少錢？ | XXY內容勘誤：01:32
口誤，原指片中飾演約瑟夫的演員阿爾菲艾倫，在《冰與火之歌：權力遊戲》中亦飾演席恩葛雷喬伊。01:43 該畫面中的約翰維克使用Kimber
Warrior手槍，而非SIG-Sauer P320手槍。02:34 右下角圖示誤植為SIG-Sauer P320手槍。內容釋疑：01:57
有不少網友留…
-
24) Classical Chinese (Traditional)-古典中文（繁體）,
youtube.com/watch?v=UdCrvR
以下是禁慾的三個Accetics任務。
因此，您應該訓練：“我們將開發一個渴望在高位德文，心靈，辨別的培訓中進行培訓。這就是你應該如何訓練youtube.com美聯儲加息對美國政府和社區的經濟影響https://wolfstreet.com/2022/02/06/can-the-us-government-afford-higher-interest-rates-you-
-
25) Classical Corsican-Corsa Corsicana,
youtube.com/watch?v=CNOUSr
Eccu i trè travaglii d’ascetichi di un asceticu.
Per quessa, duvete furmà cusì: ‘S sviluppemu un zelu ansiosu per impegnà
a furmazione in a virtù iniculosa, a mente, discernimentu.This hè cumu
duvete furmà.youtube.comSlow Tour - TrevisoScopriamo il meraviglioso centro storico di Treviso
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26) Classical Croatian-Klasična hrvatska,
youtube.com/watch?v=B1uQ13
Ovdje su tri asketna zadaća asketa.
Stoga biste trebali trenirati tako: ‘Razvijat ćemo željnu žaru za
poduzimanje treninga u uskenoj vrlini, umu, razlučivanju.This je kako
biste trebali trenirati.youtube.comMISLITE DA TRENIRATE ? HahahahNapravi pare lako dok moze : https://www.tradeez.biz/My Online Coaching :
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27) Classical Czech-Klasická čeština
youtube.com/watch?v=Ym8sfr
Zde jsou tři asketické úkoly asketického.
Proto byste měli trénovat tak:”Budeme rozvíjet dychtivou horlivostí
pro podniku školení ve vzájemné ctnosti,mysli,rozlišování .To je to,jak
byste měli trénovat.youtube.comkaštiel betliarvlk simi : https://www.youtube.com/user/tomas13722saki instagram :
youtube.com/watch?v=aJYpW4
Her er de tre ascetikopgaver af en asketisk.
Derfor bør du træne således: “Vi vil udvikle en ivrig iver for at
gennemføre uddannelsen i highted dyd, sind, skelnen. Dette er, hvordan
du skal træne.
youtube.com/watch?v=IMWY13
Hier zijn de drie ascetische taken van een asceticum.
Daarom moet je dus trainen:’We zullen een gretig ijver ontwikkelen voor
het uitvoeren van de training in highted
deugd,geest,onderscheidingsvermogen.Dit is hoe je moet trainen
youtube.com/watch?v=RuSrBP
Jen la tri asketaj taskoj de asketo.
Tial vi devas trejni tiel:’Ni disvolvos avidan fervoron por
entrepreni la trejnadon en hekta virto, menso, discernimiento.Ĉi tio
estas kiel vi devus trejni.
Siin on kolme askeesi ülesanded.
Seepärast peaksite seega koolitama: “Me arendame innukas innukalt
koolituse läbiviimiseks Highered Virtue, meeles, diskonnas.See on see,
kuidas sa peaksid treenima.
youtube.com/watch?v=33-mPf
Narito ang tatlong mga gawain ng ascetics ng isang asetiko.
Samakatuwid dapat mong sanayin ang ganito: ‘Magagawa namin ang isang
sabik na kasigasigan para sa pagsasagawa ng pagsasanay sa hightened
virtue, isip, pag-intindi.
-
Finnish- Klassinen suomalainen,
youtube.com/watch?v=HX0NsJ
Tässä on kaksi aseetiikkatehtäviä ascetic.
Siksi sinun pitäisi kouluttaa näin:”Kehitämme innokkaita innokkaita
koulutuksen yrittämiseen hirvittävän
hyveellä,mielessä,havainnollisella.Tämä on,miten sinun pitäisi
kouluttaa.youtube.comӨТӨ ООР ЖОГОТУУЭки Мугалим Бир Күндө Кайтыш болду|32-Метр Чуңкур…САДЫР ЖАПАРОВ, КАМЧЫБЕК ТАШИЕВ, КОКУЛОВ, МАДУМАРОВ, Акыркы
-
35) Classical French- Français classique,youtube.com/watch?v=iObhCr
Voici les trois tâches ascétique d’une ascète.
Par conséquent,vous devriez vous entraîner ainsi: «Nous allons
développer un zèle désireux d’entreprendre la formation en vertu de la
vertu,de l’esprit,du discernement.C’est commeyoutube.comVoici Paul !Rachna Sagar Pvt. Ltd. is an educational publisher, publishing books for grades Pre-School to 12 for CBSE and ICSE boards. -
-
36) Classical Frisian-Klassike Frysk,
youtube.com/watch?v=gcbbFc
Hjir binne de trije ascetika taken fan in asket.
Dêrom moatte jo sa traine:’Wy sille in iver seal ûntwikkelje foar it
ûnderwurking fan’ e training yn ‘e skjûrde deugd,geast,ûnderskieding.Dit
is hoe’t jo moatte traine.youtube.comTHREE BLADE FAN - KANNADA - 20MB.wmvThe
Three-blade Fan is an old traditional toy. Three equal strips of paper
are folded in the middle to make “V” shapes. These strips are then in -
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37) Classical Galician-Clásico galego,38) Classical Georgian-კლასიკური ქართული,39) Classical German- Klassisches Deutsch,40) Classical Greek-Κλασσικά Ελληνικά,41) Classical Gujarati-ક્લાસિકલ ગુજરાતી,42) Classical Haitian Creole-Klasik kreyòl,43) Classical Hausa-Hausa Hausa,44) Classical Hawaiian-Hawaiian Hawaiian,45) Classical Hebrew- עברית קלאסית46) Classical Hmong- Lus Hmoob,47) Classical Hungarian-Klasszikus magyar,48) Classical Icelandic-Klassísk íslensku,49) Classical Igbo,Klassískt Igbo,50) Classical Indonesian-Bahasa Indonesia Klasik,51) Classical Irish-Indinéisis Clasaiceach,52) Classical Italian-Italiano classico,53) Classical Japanese-古典的なイタリア語,54) Classical Javanese-Klasik Jawa,55) Classical Kannada- ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರೀಯ ಕನ್ನಡ,56) Classical Kazakh-Классикалық қазақ,57) Classical Khmer- ខ្មែរបុរាណ,58) Classical Kinyarwanda59) Classical Korean-고전 한국어,60) Classical Kurdish (Kurmanji)-Kurdî (Kurmancî),61) Classical Kyrgyz-Классикалык Кыргыз,62) Classical Lao-ຄລາສສິກລາວ,63) Classical Latin-LXII) Classical Latin,64) Classical Latvian-Klasiskā latviešu valoda,65) Classical Lithuanian-Klasikinė lietuvių kalba,66) Classical Luxembourgish-Klassesch Lëtzebuergesch,67) Classical Macedonian-Класичен македонски,68) Classical Malagasy,класичен малгашки,69) Classical Malay-Melayu Klasik,70) Classical Malayalam-ക്ലാസിക്കൽ മലയാളം,71) Classical Maltese-Klassiku Malti,72) Classical Maori-Maori Maori,73) Classical Marathi-क्लासिकल माओरी,74) Classical Mongolian-Сонгодог Монгол,75) Classical Myanmar (Burmese)-Classical မြန်မာ (ဗမာ),76) Classical Nepali-शास्त्रीय म्यांमार (बर्मा),77) Classical Norwegian-Klassisk norsk,
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78) Classical Odia (Oriya)79) Classical Pashto- ټولګی پښتو80) Classical Persian-کلاسیک فارسی81) Classical Polish-Język klasyczny polski,82) Classical Portuguese-Português Clássico,83) Classical Punjabi-ਕਲਾਸੀਕਲ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ,84) Classical Romanian-Clasic românesc,85) Classical Russian-Классический русский,86) Classical Samoan-Samoan Samoa,
-
87) Classical Sanskrit छ्लस्सिचल् षन्स्क्रित्88) Classical Scots Gaelic-Gàidhlig Albannach Clasaigeach,
-
89) Classical Serbian-Класични српски,90) Classical Sesotho-Seserbia ea boholo-holo,91) Classical Shona-Shona Shona,92) Classical Sindhi,93) Classical Sinhala-සම්භාව්ය සිංහල,94) Classical Slovak-Klasický slovenský,95) Classical Slovenian-Klasična slovenska,96) Classical Somali-Soomaali qowmiyadeed,97) Classical Spanish-Español clásico,98) Classical Sundanese-Sunda Klasik,99) Classical Swahili,Kiswahili cha Classical,100) Classical Swedish-Klassisk svensk,101) Classical Tajik-тоҷикӣ классикӣ,102) Classical Tamil-பாரம்பரிய இசைத்தமிழ் செம்மொழி,103) Classical Tatar104) Classical Telugu- క్లాసికల్ తెలుగు,105) Classical Thai-ภาษาไทยคลาสสิก,106) Classical Turkish-Klasik Türk,107) Classical Turkmen108) Classical Ukrainian-Класичний український,109) Classical Urdu- کلاسیکی اردو110) Classical Uyghur,111) Classical Uzbek-Klassik o’z,112) Classical Vietnamese-Tiếng Việ,113) Classical Welsh-Cymraeg Clasurol,114) Classical Xhosa-IsiXhosa zesiXhosa,115) Classical Yiddish- קלאסישע ייִדיש116) Classical Yoruba-Yoruba Yoruba,117) Classical Zulu-I-Classical Zulu
Mad murderer of democratic institutions (Modi) gobbled the Master Key 
by tampering the fraud EVMs. Though he is remotely controlled by
foreigners kicked out from Bene Israel, Tibet, Africa, Eastern
Europe,Western Germany, South Russia, Western Europe, Hungary chitpavan
brahmin Rowdy Swayam Sevaks they too wanted EVMs to be replaced by
Ballot Papers with reference to https://news.webindia123.com/…/India/20100828/1575461.html
the controversy regarding the reliablity of Electronic Voting Machines
(EVMs) which have been questioned by political parties, the RSS today
asked the Election Commission (EC) to revert back to tried and tested
paper ballots and subject EVMs to public scrutiny whether these gadgets
are tamper proof. In an editorial titled ‘Can we trust our EVMs?’, The
Organiser, the RSS mouthpiece, noted it was a fact that till date an
absolutely tamper-proof machine had not been invented and credibility of
any system depends on ‘transparency, verifiability and trustworthiness’
than on blind and atavistic faith in its infallibility. The issue is
not a ‘private affair’ and it involves the future of India. Even if the
EVMs were genuine, there was no reason for the EC to be touchy about it,
the paper commented. The Government and the EC can’t impose EVMs as a
fait accompli on Indian democracy as the only option before the voter.
There were flaws like booth capturing, rigging, bogus voting, tampering
and ballot paper snatching in the ballot paper system of polling leading
the country to switch over to the EVMs and all these problems were
relevant in EVMs too. Rigging was possible even at the counting stage.
What made the ballot papers voter-friendly was that all aberrations were
taking place before the public eye and hence open for corrections
whereas the manipulations in the EVMs is entirely in the hands of powers
that be and the political appointees manning the sytem, the paper
commented. The EVM has only one advantage — ’speed’ but that advantage
has been undermined by the staggered polls at times spread over three to
four months. ‘’This has already killed the fun of the election
process,'’ the paper noted. Of the dozen General Elections held in the
country, only two were through the EVMs and instead of rationally
addressing the doubts aired by reputed institutions and experts the
Government has resorted to silence its critics by ‘intimidation and
arrests on false charges’, the paper observed, recalling the arrest of
Hyederabad-based technocrat Hari Prasad by the Mumbai Police. Prasad’s
research has proved that the EVMs were ‘vulnerable to fraud’. The
authorities want to send a message that anybody who challenges the EC
runs the risk of persecution and harassment, the RSS observed. Most
countries around the world looked at the EVMs with suspicion and
countries like the Netherlands, Italy, Germany and Ireland had all
reverted back to paper ballots shunning EVMs because they were ‘easy to
falsify, risked eavesdropping and lacked transparency’. Democracy is too
precious to be handed over to whims or an opaque establishment and
network of unsafe gizmos. ‘’For the health of Indian democracy it is
better to return to tried and tested methods or else elections in future
can turn out to be a farce,'’ the editorial said indicating the symbol
on his forehead means he wants it on every citizens of this country for
their hindutvastan agenda
media-minders frantically started calling journalists Friday, asking
them to ignore or at least underplay Amit Shah’s statement. They too
knew he was wrong.
Mental Development
Right Concentration
Right Concentration
(Sammaa-samaadhi)
M. 44
What, now, is Right Concentration?
Its Definition
Having the mind fixed to a single object (cittekeggataa, lit. ‘One-pointed ness of mind’): this is concentration.
‘Right Concentration’ (sammaa-samaadhi), in its widest sense, is the kind of mental concentration, which is present in every wholesome state of consciousness (kusala-citta), and hence is accompanied by at least Right Thought (2nd factor), Right Effort (6th factor) and Right Mindfulness (7th factor). ‘Wrong Concentration’ is present in unwholesome states of consciousness, and hence is only possible in the sensuous, not in a higher sphere. Samadhi, used alone, always stands in the Sutta, for sammaa-samaadhi, or Right Concentration.
Its Objects
The four ‘Foundations of Mindfulness’ (7th factor): these are the objects of concentration.
Its Requisites
The four ‘Great Efforts’ (6th factor): these are the requisites for concentration.
Its Development
The practicing, developing, and cultivating of these things: this is the development (bhaavanaa) of concentration.
Right Concentration (sammaa-samaadhi) has two degrees of development; 1. ‘Neighborhood Concentration’ (upacaarasamaadhi). which approaches the first absorption without, however, attaining it; 2. ‘Attainment Concentration’ (appanaasamaadhi), which is the concentration present in the four Absorptions (jhana). These Absorptions are mental states beyond the reach of the fivefold sense-activity, attainable only in solitude and by unremitting perseverance in the practice of concentration. In these states all activity of the five senses is suspended. No visual or audible impressions arise at such a time, no bodily feeling is felt. But, although all outer sense-impressions have ceased, yet the mind remains active, perfectly alert, fully awake.
The attainment of these Absorptions, however, is not a requisite for the realization of the four Super mundane Paths of Holiness; and neither Neighborhood-Concentration nor Attainment-Concentration, as such, possesses the power of conferring entry to the four Super mundane Paths: hence they really have no power to free one permanently from evil things. The realization of the Four Supermundane Paths is possible only at the moment of deep ‘Insight’ (vipassanaa) into the Impermanency (aniccataa), Miserable Nature (dukkhataa) and Impersonality (anattataa) of this whole phenomenal process of existence. This Insight, again, is attainable only during Neighborhood-Concentration, not during Attainment Concentration.
He who has realized one or other of the Four Super mundane Paths without ever having attained the Absorptions, is called Sukkha-vipassaka, or Suddhavipassanaa-yaanika, i.e. ‘one who has taken merely Insight (vipassana) as his vehicle’. He, however, who, after cultivating the Absorptions, has reached one of the Super mundane Paths is called Saniathayaanika, or ‘one who has taken Tranquility (samatha) as his vehicle (yaana)’.
For samatha and vipassana see Fund IV. and B. Diet.
The Four Absorptions
(jhaana)
D.22
Detached from sensual objects, detached from evil things, the disciple enters into the first Absorption, which is accompanied by Thought Conception and Discursive Thinking, is born of detachment, and filled with Rapture and Happiness.
This is the first of the Absorptions belonging to the Fine-Material Sphere (rupaavacarajjhaana). It is attained when, through the strength of concentration, the fivefold sense activity is temporarily suspended, and the five Hindrances are likewise eliminated.
See B. Dict.: kasina, nimitta, samadhi.
M. 43
This first Absorption is free from five things, and five things are present. When the disciple enters the first Absorption, there have vanished (the five Hindrances): Lust, Ill-Will, Torpor and Sloth, Restlessness and Mental Worry, Doubts; and there are present: Thought Conception (vitakka), Discursive Thinking (vicaara), Rapture (piiti), Happiness (sukha), Concentration (citt’ekaggataa = samadhi).
These five mental factors present in the first Absorption, are called Factors (or Constituents) of Absorption (jhaananga). Vitakka (initial formation of an abstract thought) and vicaara (discursive thinking, rumination) are called ‘verbal functions’ (vaci-sankhaara) of the mind; hence they are something secondary compared with consciousness.
In Visuddhi-Magga, vitakka is compared with the taking hold of a pot, and vicaara with the wiping of it. In the first Absorption both are present, but are exclusively focused on the subject of meditation, vicaara being here not discursive, but of an ‘exploring’ nature. Both are entirely absent in the following Absorptions.
And further: after the subsiding of Thought-Conception and Discursive Thinking, and by the gaining of inner tranquility and oneness of mind, he enters into a state free from Thought-Conception and Discursive Thinking, the second Absorption, which is born of concentration (samadhi), and filled with Rapture (piti) and Happiness (sukha).
In the second Absorption, there are three Factors of Absorption: Rapture, Happiness, and Concentration.
And further: after the fading away of Rapture, he dwells in equanimity, mindful, with clear awareness: and he experiences in his own person that feeling of which the Noble Ones say: ‘Happy lives he who is equanimous and mindful’-thus he enters the third Absorption.
In the third Absorption there are two Factors of Absorption: equanimous Happiness (upekkhaa-sukha) and Concentration (citt’ekaggataa).
And further: after the giving up of pleasure and pain, and through the disappearance of previous joy and grief, he enters into a state beyond pleasure and pain, into the fourth Absorption, which is purified by equanimity and mindfulness.
In the fourth Absorption there are two Factors of Absorption: Concentration and Equanimity (upekkhaa).
In Visuddhi-magga forty subjects of meditation (kamma.t.thaana) are enumerated and treated in detail. By their successful practice the following Absorptions may be attained:
All four Absorptions. through Mindfulness of Breathing (see Vis. M. VIII. 3), the ten Kasina-exercises (Vis. M. IV, V. and B. Dict.); the contemplation of Equanimity (upekkhaa), being the practice of the fourth Brahma-vihaara (Vis. M. IX. 4).
The first three Absorptions: through the development of Loving-Kindness (mettaa), Compassion (karunaa) and Sympathetic Joy (muditaa), being the practice of the first three Brahma-vihaaras (Vis. M. IX. 1-3,).
The first Absorption: through the ten Contemplations of Impurity (asubha-bhaavanaa; i.e. the Cemetery Contemplations, which are ten according to the enumeration in Vis. M. VI); the contemplation of the Body (i.e. the 32 parts of the body; Vis. M. VIII, 2); ‘Neighborhood-Concentration’ (upacaara-samaadhi): through the Recollections on Buddha, Dhamma and Sangha, on Morality, Liberality, Heavenly Beings, Peace (=Nibbana) and death (Vis. M. VI. VII); the Contemplation on the Loathsomeness of Food (Vis. M. XI. I); the Analysis of the Four Elements (Vis. M. IX. 2).
The four Immaterial Absorptions (aruupa-jjhaana or aaruppa), which are based on the fourth Absorption, are produced by meditating on their respective objects from which they derive their names; Sphere of Unbounded Space, of Unbounded Consciousness, of Nothingness, and of Neither-Perception-Nor-Non-Perception.
The entire object of concentration and meditation is treated in Vis M. III-XIII; see also Fund. IV.
8. XXII. 5
Develop your concentration: for he who has concentration, understands things according to their reality. And what are these things? The arising and passing away of corporeality, of feeling, perception, mental formations and consciousness.
M. 149
Thus, these five Groups of Existence must be wisely penetrated; Ignorance and Craving must be wisely abandoned; Tranquility (samatha) and Insight (vipassana) must be wisely developed.
S. LVI. II
This is the Middle Path which the Perfect One has discovered, which makes one both to see and to know, and which leads to peace, to discernment, to enlightenment, to Nibbana.
Dhp. 275
“And following upon this path, you will put an end to suffering.