This Agenda is a plan of action for people, planet and prosperity. It
also seeks to strengthen universal peace in larger freedom. We recognise
that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions, including
extreme poverty, is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable
requirement for sustainable development.
All countries and all stakeholders, acting in collaborative partnership,
will implement this plan. We are resolved to free the human race from
the tyranny of poverty and want and to heal and secure our planet. We
are determined to take the bold and transformative steps which are
urgently needed to shift the world onto a sustainable and resilient
path. As we embark on this collective journey, we pledge that no one
will be left behind.
The 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets which we are
announcing today demonstrate the scale and ambition of this new
universal Agenda. They seek to build on the Millennium Development Goals
and complete what these did not achieve. They seek to realize the human
rights of all and to achieve gender equality and the empowerment of all
women and girls. They are integrated and indivisible and balance the
three dimensions of sustainable development: the economic, social and
environmental.

The Goals and targets will stimulate action over the next fifteen years
in areas of critical importance for humanity and the planet:

People

We are determined to end poverty and hunger, in all their forms and
dimensions, and to ensure that all human beings can fulfil their
potential in dignity and equality and in a healthy environment.

Planet

We are determined to protect the planet from degradation, including
through sustainable consumption and production, sustainably managing its
natural resources and taking urgent action on climate change, so that
it can support the needs of the present and future generations.

Prosperity

We are determined to ensure that all human beings can enjoy prosperous
and fulfilling lives and that economic, social and technological
progress occurs in harmony with nature.

Peace

We are determined to foster peaceful, just and inclusive societies which
are free from fear and violence. There can be no sustainable
development without peace and no peace without sustainable development.

Partnership

We are determined to mobilize the means required to implement this
Agenda through a revitalised Global Partnership for Sustainable
Development, based on a spirit of strengthened global solidarity,
focussed in particular on the needs of the poorest and most vulnerable
and with the participation of all countries, all stakeholders and all
people.

The interlinkages and integrated nature of the Sustainable Development
Goals are of crucial importance in ensuring that the purpose of the new
Agenda is realised. If we realize our ambitions across the full extent
of the Agenda, the lives of all will be profoundly improved and our
world will be transformed for the better.

1. We, the Heads of State and Government and High Representatives,
meeting at the United Nations Headquarters in New York from 25-27
September 2015 as the Organization celebrates its seventieth
anniversary, have decided today on new global Sustainable Development
Goals.

2. On behalf of the peoples we serve, we have adopted a historic
decision on a comprehensive, far-reaching and people-centred set of
universal and transformative Goals and targets. We commit ourselves to
working tirelessly for the full implementation of this Agenda by 2030.
We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions,
including extreme poverty, is the greatest global challenge and an
indispensable requirement for sustainable development. We are committed
to achieving sustainable development in its three dimensions – economic,
social and environmental – in a balanced and integrated manner. We will
also build upon the achievements of the Millennium Development Goals
and seek to address their unfinished business.

3. We resolve, between now and 2030, to end poverty and hunger
everywhere; to combat inequalities within and among countries; to build
peaceful, just and inclusive societies; to protect human rights and
promote gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls; and to
ensure the lasting protection of the planet and its natural resources.
We resolve also to create conditions for sustainable, inclusive and
sustained economic growth, shared prosperity and decent work for all,
taking into account different levels of national development and
capacities.

4. As we embark on this great collective journey, we pledge that no one
will be left behind. Recognizing that the dignity of the human person is
fundamental, we wish to see the Goals and targets met for all nations
and peoples and for all segments of society. And we will endeavour to
reach the furthest behind first.

5. This is an Agenda of unprecedented scope and significance. It is
accepted by all countries and is applicable to all, taking into account
different national realities, capacities and levels of development and
respecting national policies and priorities. These are universal goals
and targets which involve the entire world, developed and developing
countries alike. They are integrated and indivisible and balance the
three dimensions of sustainable development.

6. The Goals and targets are the result of over two years of intensive
public consultation and engagement with civil society and other
stakeholders around the world, which paid particular attention to the
voices of the poorest and most vulnerable. This consultation included
valuable work done by the General Assembly Open Working Group on
Sustainable Development Goals and by the United Nations, whose
Secretary-General provided a synthesis report in December 2014.

Our vision

7. In these Goals and targets, we are setting out a supremely ambitious
and transformational vision. We envisage a world free of poverty,
hunger, disease and want, where all life can thrive. We envisage a world
free of fear and violence. A world with universal literacy. A world
with equitable and universal access to quality education at all levels,
to health care and social protection, where physical, mental and social
well-being are assured. A world where we reaffirm our commitments
regarding the human right to safe drinking water and sanitation and
where there is improved hygiene; and where food is sufficient, safe,
affordable and nutritious. A world where human habitats are safe,
resilient and sustainable and where there is universal access to
affordable, reliable and sustainable energy.

8. We envisage a world of universal respect for human rights and human
dignity, the rule of law, justice, equality and non-discrimination; of
respect for race, ethnicity and cultural diversity; and of equal
opportunity permitting the full realization of human potential and
contributing to shared prosperity. A world which invests in its children
and in which every child grows up free from violence and exploitation. A
world in which every woman and girl enjoys full gender equality and all
legal, social and economic barriers to their empowerment have been
removed. A just, equitable, tolerant, open and socially inclusive world
in which the needs of the most vulnerable are met.

9. We envisage a world in which every country enjoys sustained,
inclusive and sustainable economic growth and decent work for all. A
world in which consumption and production patterns and use of all
natural resources – from air to land, from rivers, lakes and aquifers to
oceans and seas - are sustainable. One in which democracy, good
governance and the rule of law as well as an enabling environment at
national and international levels, are essential for sustainable
development, including sustained and inclusive economic growth, social
development, environmental protection and the eradication of poverty and
hunger. One in which development and the application of technology are
climate-sensitive, respect biodiversity and are resilient. One in which
humanity lives in harmony with nature and in which wildlife and other
living species are protected.

Our shared principles and commitments

10. The new Agenda is guided by the purposes and principles of the
Charter of the United Nations, including full respect for international
law. It is grounded in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
international human rights treaties, the Millennium Declaration and the
2005 World Summit Outcome Document. It is informed by other instruments
such as the Declaration on the Right to Development.

11. We reaffirm the outcomes of all major UN conferences and summits
which have laid a solid foundation for sustainable development and have
helped to shape the new Agenda. These include the Rio Declaration on
Environment and Development; the World Summit on Sustainable
Development; the World Summit for Social Development; the Programme of
Action of the International Conference on Population and Development,
the Beijing Platform for Action; and the United Nations Conference on
Sustainable Development (”Rio+ 20″). We also reaffirm the follow-up to
these conferences, including the outcomes of the Fourth United Nations
Conference on the Least Developed Countries, the Third International
Conference on Small Island Developing States; the Second United Nations
Conference on Landlocked Developing Countries; and the Third UN World
Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction.

12. We reaffirm all the principles of the Rio Declaration on Environment
and Development, including, inter alia, the principle of common but
differentiated responsibilities, as set out in principle 7 thereof.

13. The challenges and commitments contained in these major conferences
and summits are interrelated and call for integrated solutions. To
address them effectively, a new approach is needed. Sustainable
development recognizes that eradicating poverty in all its forms and
dimensions, combatting inequality within and among countries, preserving
the planet, creating sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic
growth and fostering social inclusion are linked to each other and are
interdependent.

Our world today

14. We are meeting at a time of immense challenges to sustainable
development. Billions of our citizens continue to live in poverty and
are denied a life of dignity. There are rising inequalities within and
among countries. There are enormous disparities of opportunity, wealth
and power. Gender inequality remains a key challenge. Unemployment,
particularly youth unemployment, is a major concern. Global health
threats, more frequent and intense natural disasters, spiralling
conflict, violent extremism, terrorism and related humanitarian crises
and forced displacement of people threaten to reverse much of the
development progress made in recent decades. Natural resource depletion
and adverse impacts of environmental degradation, including
desertification, drought, land degradation, freshwater scarcity and loss
of biodiversity, add to and exacerbate the list of challenges which
humanity faces. Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our
time and its adverse impacts undermine the ability of all countries to
achieve sustainable development. Increases in global temperature, sea
level rise, ocean acidification and other climate change impacts are
seriously affecting coastal areas and low-lying coastal countries,
including many least developed countries and small island developing
States. The survival of many societies, and of the biological support
systems of the planet, is at risk.

15. It is also, however, a time of immense opportunity. Significant
progress has been made in meeting many development challenges. Within
the past generation, hundreds of millions of people have emerged from
extreme poverty. Access to education has greatly increased for both boys
and girls. The spread of information and communications technology and
global interconnectedness has great potential to accelerate human
progress, to bridge the digital divide and to develop knowledge
societies, as does scientific and technological innovation across areas
as diverse as medicine and energy.

16. Almost fifteen years ago, the Millennium Development Goals were
agreed. These provided an important framework for development and
significant progress has been made in a number of areas. But the
progress has been uneven, particularly in Africa, least developed
countries, landlocked developing countries, and small island developing
States, and some of the MDGs remain off-track, in particular those
related to maternal, newborn and child health and to reproductive
health. We recommit ourselves to the full realization of all the MDGs,
including the off-track MDGs, in particular by providing focussed and
scaled-up assistance to least developed countries and other countries in
special situations, in line with relevant support programmes. The new
Agenda builds on the Millennium Development Goals and seeks to complete
what these did not achieve, particularly in reaching the most
vulnerable.

17. In its scope, however, the framework we are announcing today goes
far beyond the MDGs. Alongside continuing development priorities such as
poverty eradication, health, education and food security and nutrition,
it sets out a wide range of economic, social and environmental
objectives. It also promises more peaceful and inclusive societies. It
also, crucially, defines means of implementation. Reflecting the
integrated approach that we have decided on, there are deep
interconnections and many cross-cutting elements across the new Goals
and targets.

The new Agenda

18. We are announcing today 17 Sustainable Development Goals with 169
associated targets which are integrated and indivisible. Never before
have world leaders pledged common action and endeavour across such a
broad and universal policy agenda. We are setting out together on the
path towards sustainable development, devoting ourselves collectively to
the pursuit of global development and of “win-win” cooperation which
can bring huge gains to all countries and all parts of the world. We
reaffirm that every State has, and shall freely exercise, full permanent
sovereignty over all its wealth, natural resources and economic
activity. We will implement the Agenda for the full benefit of all, for
today’s generation and for future generations. In doing so, we reaffirm
our commitment to international law and emphasize that the Agenda is to
be implemented in a manner that is consistent with the rights and
obligations of states under international law.

19. We reaffirm the importance of the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, as well as other international instruments relating to human
rights and international law. We emphasize the responsibilities of all
States, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations, to
respect, protect and promote human rights and fundamental freedoms for
all, without distinction of any kind as to race, colour, sex, language,
religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin,
property, birth, disability or other status.

20. Realizing gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls
will make a crucial contribution to progress across all the Goals and
targets. The achievement of full human potential and of sustainable
development is not possible if one half of humanity continues to be
denied its full human rights and opportunities. Women and girls must
enjoy equal access to quality education, economic resources and
political participation as well as equal opportunities with men and boys
for employment, leadership and decision-making at all levels. We will
work for a significant increase in investments to close the gender gap
and strengthen support for institutions in relation to gender equality
and the empowerment of women at the global, regional and national
levels. All forms of discrimination and violence against women and girls
will be eliminated, including through the engagement of men and boys.
The systematic mainstreaming of a gender perspective in the
implementation of the Agenda is crucial.

21. The new Goals and targets will come into effect on 1 January 2016
and will guide the decisions we take over the next fifteen years. All of
us will work to implement the Agenda within our own countries and at
the regional and global levels, taking into account different national
realities, capacities and levels of development and respecting national
policies and priorities We will respect national policy space for
sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, in particular for
developing states, while remaining consistent with relevant
international rules and commitments. We acknowledge also the importance
of the regional and sub-regional dimensions, regional economic
integration and interconnectivity in sustainable development. Regional
and sub-regional frameworks can facilitate the effective translation of
sustainable development policies into concrete action at national level.

22. Each country faces specific challenges in its pursuit of sustainable
development. The most vulnerable countries and, in particular, African
countries, least developed countries, landlocked developing countries
and small island developing states deserve special attention, as do
countries in situations of conflict and post-conflict countries. There
are also serious challenges within many middle-income countries.

23. People who are vulnerable must be empowered. Those whose needs are
reflected in the Agenda include all children, youth, persons with
disabilities (of whom more than 80% live in poverty), people living with
HIV/AIDS, older persons, indigenous peoples, refugees and internally
displaced persons and migrants. We resolve to take further effective
measures and actions, in conformity with international law, to remove
obstacles and constraints, strengthen support and meet the special needs
of people living in areas affected by complex humanitarian emergencies
and in areas affected by terrorism.

24. We are committed to ending poverty in all its forms and dimensions,
including by eradicating extreme poverty by 2030. All people must enjoy a
basic standard of living, including through social protection systems.
We are also determined to end hunger and to achieve food security as a
matter of priority and to end all forms of malnutrition. In this regard,
we reaffirm the important role and inclusive nature of the Committee on
World Food Security and welcome the Rome Declaration on Nutrition and
Framework for Action. We will devote resources to developing rural areas
and sustainable agriculture and fisheries, supporting smallholder
farmers, especially women farmers, herders and fishers in developing
countries, particularly least developed countries.

25. We commit to providing inclusive and equitable quality education at
all levels – early childhood, primary, secondary, tertiary, technical
and vocational training. All people, irrespective of sex, age, race,
ethnicity, and persons with disabilities, migrants, indigenous peoples,
children and youth, especially those in vulnerable situations, should
have access to life-long learning opportunities that help them acquire
the knowledge and skills needed to exploit opportunities and to
participate fully in society. We will strive to provide children and
youth with a nurturing environment for the full realization of their
rights and capabilities, helping our countries to reap the demographic
dividend including through safe schools and cohesive communities and
families.

26. To promote physical and mental health and well-being, and to extend
life expectancy for all, we must achieve universal health coverage and
access to quality health care. No one must be left behind. We commit to
accelerating the progress made to date in reducing newborn, child and
maternal mortality by ending all such preventable deaths before 2030. We
are committed to ensuring universal access to sexual and reproductive
health-care services, including for family planning, information and
education. We will equally accelerate the pace of progress made in
fighting malaria, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, hepatitis, Ebola and other
communicable diseases and epidemics, including by addressing growing
anti-microbial resistance and the problem of unattended diseases
affecting developing countries. We are committed to the prevention and
treatment of non-communicable diseases, including behavioural,
developmental and neurological disorders, which constitute a major
challenge for sustainable development.

27. We will seek to build strong economic foundations for all our
countries. Sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth is
essential for prosperity. This will only be possible if wealth is shared
and income inequality is addressed. We will work to build dynamic,
sustainable, innovative and people-centred economies, promoting youth
employment and women’s economic empowerment, in particular, and decent
work for all. We will eradicate forced labour and human trafficking and
end child labour in all its forms. All countries stand to benefit from
having a healthy and well-educated workforce with the knowledge and
skills needed for productive and fulfilling work and full participation
in society. We will strengthen the productive capacities of
least-developed countries in all sectors, including through structural
transformation. We will adopt policies which increase productive
capacities, productivity and productive employment; financial inclusion;
sustainable agriculture, pastoralist and fisheries development;
sustainable industrial development; universal access to affordable,
reliable, sustainable and modern energy services; sustainable transport
systems; and quality and resilient infrastructure.

28. We commit to making fundamental changes in the way that our
societies produce and consume goods and services. Governments,
international organizations, the business sector and other non-state
actors and individuals must contribute to changing unsustainable
consumption and production patterns, including through the mobilization,
from all sources, of financial and technical assistance to strengthen
developing countries’ scientific, technological and innovative
capacities to move towards more sustainable patterns of consumption and
production. We encourage the implementation of the 10-Year Framework of
Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production. All countries take
action, with developed countries taking the lead, taking into account
the development and capabilities of developing countries.

29. We recognize the positive contribution of migrants for inclusive
growth and sustainable development. We also recognize that international
migration is a multi-dimensional reality of major relevance for the
development of countries of origin, transit and destination, which
requires coherent and comprehensive responses. We will cooperate
internationally to ensure safe, orderly and regular migration involving
full respect for human rights and the humane treatment of migrants
regardless of migration status, of refugees and of displaced persons.
Such cooperation should also strengthen the resilience of communities
hosting refugees, particularly in developing countries. We underline the
right of migrants to return to their country of citizenship, and recall
that States must ensure that their returning nationals are duly
received.

30. States are strongly urged to refrain from promulgating and applying
any unilateral economic, financial or trade measures not in accordance
with international law and the Charter of the United Nations that impede
the full achievement of economic and social development, particularly
in developing countries.

31. We acknowledge that the UNFCCC is the primary international,
intergovernmental forum for negotiating the global response to climate
change. We are determined to address decisively the threat posed by
climate change and environmental degradation. The global nature of
climate change calls for the widest possible international cooperation
aimed at accelerating the reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions
and addressing adaptation to the adverse impacts of climate change. We
note with grave concern the significant gap between the aggregate effect
of Parties’ mitigation pledges in terms of global annual emissions of
greenhouse gases by 2020 and aggregate emission pathways consistent with
having a likely chance of holding the increase in global average
temperature below 2 °C or 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels.

32. Looking ahead to the COP21 conference in Paris in December, we
underscore the commitment of all States to work for an ambitious and
universal climate agreement. We reaffirm that the protocol, another
legal instrument or agreed outcome with legal force under the Convention
applicable to all Parties shall address in a balanced manner, inter
alia, mitigation, adaptation, finance, technology development and
transfer, and capacity-building, and transparency of action and support.

33. We recognise that social and economic development depends on the
sustainable management of our planet’s natural resources. We are
therefore determined to conserve and sustainably use oceans and seas,
freshwater resources, as well as forests, mountains and drylands and to
protect biodiversity, ecosystems and wildlife. We are also determined to
promote sustainable tourism, tackle water scarcity and water pollution,
to strengthen cooperation on desertification, dust storms, land
degradation and drought and to promote resilience and disaster risk
reduction. In this regard, we look forward to COP13 of the Convention on
Biological Diversity to be held in Mexico in 2016.

34. We recognize that sustainable urban development and management are
crucial to the quality of life of our people. We will work with local
authorities and communities to renew and plan our cities and human
settlements so as to foster community cohesion and personal security and
to stimulate innovation and employment. We will reduce the negative
impacts of urban activities and of chemicals which are hazardous for
human health and the environment, including through the environmentally
sound management and safe use of chemicals, the reduction and recycling
of waste and more efficient use of water and energy. And we will work to
minimize the impact of cities on the global climate system. We will
also take account of population trends and projections in our national,
rural and urban development strategies and policies. We look forward to
the upcoming United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban
Development in Quito, Ecuador.

35. Sustainable development cannot be realized without peace and
security; and peace and security will be at risk without sustainable
development. The new Agenda recognizes the need to build peaceful, just
and inclusive societies that provide equal access to justice and that
are based on respect for human rights (including the right to
development), on effective rule of law and good governance at all levels
and on transparent, effective and accountable institutions. Factors
which give rise to violence, insecurity and injustice, such as
inequality, corruption, poor governance and illicit financial and arms
flows, are addressed in the Agenda. We must redouble our efforts to
resolve or prevent conflict and to support post-conflict countries,
including through ensuring that women have a role in peace-building and
state-building. We call for further effective measures and actions to be
taken, in conformity with international law, to remove the obstacles to
the full realization of the right of self-determination of peoples
living under colonial and foreign occupation, which continue to
adversely affect their economic and social development as well as their
environment.

36. We pledge to foster inter-cultural understanding, tolerance, mutual
respect and an ethic of global citizenship and shared responsibility. We
acknowledge the natural and cultural diversity of the world and
recognize that all cultures and civilizations can contribute to, and are
crucial enablers of, sustainable development.

37. Sport is also an important enabler of sustainable development. We
recognize the growing contribution of sport to the realization of
development and peace in its promotion of tolerance and respect and the
contributions it makes to the empowerment of women and of young people,
individuals and communities as well as to health, education and social
inclusion objectives.

38. We reaffirm, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations,
the need to respect the territorial integrity and political independence
of States.

Means of Implementation

39. The scale and ambition of the new Agenda requires a revitalized
Global Partnership to ensure its implementation. We fully commit to
this. This Partnership will work in a spirit of global solidarity, in
particular solidarity with the poorest and with people in vulnerable
situations. It will facilitate an intensive global engagement in support
of implementation of all the Goals and targets, bringing together
Governments, the private sector, civil society, the United Nations
system and other actors and mobilizing all available resources.

40. The means of implementation targets under Goal 17 and under each SDG
are key to realising our Agenda and are of equal importance with the
other Goals and targets. The Agenda, including the SDGs, can be met
within the framework of a revitalized global partnership for sustainable
development, supported by the concrete policies and actions as outlined
in the outcome document of the Third International Conference on
Financing for Development, held in Addis Ababa from 13-16 July 2015. We
welcome the endorsement by the General Assembly of the Addis Ababa
Action Agenda, which is an integral part of the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development. We recognize that the full implementation of
the Addis Ababa Action Agenda is critical for the realization of the
Sustainable Development Goals and targets.

41. We recognize that each country has primary responsibility for its
own economic and social development. The new Agenda deals with the means
required for implementation of the Goals and targets. We recognize that
these will include the mobilization of financial resources as well as
capacity-building and the transfer of environmentally sound technologies
to developing countries on favourable terms, including on concessional
and preferential terms, as mutually agreed. Public finance, both
domestic and international, will play a vital role in providing
essential services and public goods and in catalyzing other sources of
finance. We acknowledge the role of the diverse private sector, ranging
from micro-enterprises to cooperatives to multinationals, and that of
civil society organizations and philanthropic organizations in the
implementation of the new Agenda.

42. We support the implementation of relevant strategies and programmes
of action, including the Istanbul Declaration and Programme of Action,
the SIDS Accelerated Modalities of Action (SAMOA) Pathway, the Vienna
Programme of Action for Landlocked Developing Countries for the Decade
2014-2024, and reaffirm the importance of supporting the African Union’s
Agenda 2063 and the programme of the New Partnership for Africa’s
Development (NEPAD), all of which are integral to the new Agenda. We
recognize the major challenge to the achievement of durable peace and
sustainable development in countries in conflict and post-conflict
situations.

43. We emphasize that international public finance plays an important
role in complementing the efforts of countries to mobilize public
resources domestically, especially in the poorest and most vulnerable
countries with limited domestic resources. An important use of
international public finance, including ODA, is to catalyse additional
resource mobilization from other sources, public and private. ODA
providers reaffirm their respective commitments, including the
commitment by many developed countries to achieve the target of 0.7% of
ODA/GNI to developing countries and 0.15% to 0.2% of ODA/GNI to least
developed countries.

44. We acknowledge the importance for international financial
institutions to support, in line with their mandates, the policy space
of each country, in particular developing countries. We recommit to
broadening and strengthening the voice and participation of developing
countries – including African countries, least developed countries,
land-locked developing countries, small-island developing States and
middle-income countries – in international economic decision-making,
norm-setting and global economic governance.

45. We acknowledge also the essential role of national parliaments
through their enactment of legislation and adoption of budgets and their
role in ensuring accountability for the effective implementation of our
commitments. Governments and public institutions will also work closely
on implementation with regional and local authorities, sub-regional
institutions, international institutions, academia, philanthropic
organisations, volunteer groups and others.

46. We underline the important role and comparative advantage of an
adequately resourced, relevant, coherent, efficient and effective UN
system in supporting the achievement of the SDGs and sustainable
development. While stressing the importance of strengthened national
ownership and leadership at country level, we express our support for
the ongoing ECOSOC Dialogue on the longer-term positioning of the United
Nations development system in the context of this Agenda.

Follow-up and review

47. Our Governments have the primary responsibility for follow-up and
review, at the national, regional and global levels, in relation to the
progress made in implementing the Goals and targets over the coming
fifteen years. To support accountability to our citizens, we will
provide for systematic follow-up and review at the various levels, as
set out in this Agenda and the Addis Ababa Action Agenda. The High Level
Political Forum under the auspices of the General Assembly and the
Economic and Social Council will have the central role in overseeing
follow-up and review at the global level.

48. Indicators are being developed to assist this work. Quality,
accessible, timely and reliable disaggregated data will be needed to
help with the measurement of progress and to ensure that no one is left
behind. Such data is key to decision-making. Data and information from
existing reporting mechanisms should be used where possible. We agree to
intensify our efforts to strengthen statistical capacities in
developing countries, particularly African countries, least developed
countries, landlocked developing countries, small island developing
States and middle-income countries. We are committed to developing
broader measures of progress to complement gross domestic product (GDP).

A call for action to change our world

49. Seventy years ago, an earlier generation of world leaders came
together to create the United Nations. From the ashes of war and
division they fashioned this Organization and the values of peace,
dialogue and international cooperation which underpin it. The supreme
embodiment of those values is the Charter of the United Nations.

50. Today we are also taking a decision of great historic significance.
We resolve to build a better future for all people, including the
millions who have been denied the chance to lead decent, dignified and
rewarding lives and to achieve their full human potential. We can be the
first generation to succeed in ending poverty; just as we may be the
last to have a chance of saving the planet. The world will be a better
place in 2030 if we succeed in our objectives.

51. What we are announcing today – an Agenda for global action for the
next fifteen years – is a charter for people and planet in the
twenty-first century. Children and young women and men are critical
agents of change and will find in the new Goals a platform to channel
their infinite capacities for activism into the creation of a better
world.

52. “We the Peoples” are the celebrated opening words of the UN Charter.
It is “We the Peoples” who are embarking today on the road to 2030. Our
journey will involve Governments as well as Parliaments, the UN system
and other international institutions, local authorities, indigenous
peoples, civil society, business and the private sector, the scientific
and academic community – and all people. Millions have already engaged
with, and will own, this Agenda. It is an Agenda of the people, by the
people, and for the people – and this, we believe, will ensure its
success.

54. Following an inclusive process of intergovernmental negotiations,
and based on the Proposal of the Open Working Group on Sustainable
Development Goals , which includes a chapeau contextualising the latter,
the following are the Goals and targets which we have agreed.

55. The SDGs and targets are integrated and indivisible, global in
nature and universally applicable, taking into account different
national realities, capacities and levels of development and respecting
national policies and priorities. Targets are defined as aspirational
and global, with each government setting its own national targets guided
by the global level of ambition but taking into account national
circumstances. Each government will also decide how these aspirational
and global targets should be incorporated in national planning
processes, policies and strategies. It is important to recognize the
link between sustainable development and other relevant ongoing
processes in the economic, social and environmental fields.

56. In deciding upon these Goals and targets, we recognise that each
country faces specific challenges to achieve sustainable development,
and we underscore the special challenges facing the most vulnerable
countries and, in particular, African countries, least developed
countries, landlocked developing countries and small island developing
States, as well as the specific challenges facing the middle-income
countries. Countries in situations of conflict also need special
attention.

57. We recognize that baseline data for several of the targets remain
unavailable, and we call for increased support for strengthening data
collection and capacity building in Member States, to develop national
and global baselines where they do not yet exist. We commit to
addressing this gap in data collection so as to better inform the
measurement of progress, in particular for those targets below which do
not have clear numerical targets.

58. We encourage ongoing efforts by states in other fora to address key
issues which pose potential challenges to the implementation of our
Agenda; and we respect the independent mandates of those processes. We
intend that the Agenda and its implementation would support, and be
without prejudice to, those other processes and the decisions taken
therein.

59. We recognise that there are different approaches, visions, models
and tools available to each country, in accordance with its national
circumstances and priorities, to achieve sustainable development; and we
reaffirm that planet Earth and its ecosystems are our common home and
that ‘Mother Earth’ is a common expression in a number of countries and
regions.

* Acknowledging that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change is the primary international, intergovernmental forum for
negotiating the global response to climate change.

Goal 1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere

1.a Ensure significant mobilization of resources from a variety of
sources, including through enhanced development cooperation, in order to
provide adequate and predictable means for developing countries, in
particular least developed countries, to implement programmes and
policies to end poverty in all its dimensions

1.b Create sound policy frameworks at the national, regional and
international levels, based on pro-poor and gender-sensitive development
strategies, to support accelerated investment in poverty eradication
actions

Goal 2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture

2.1 By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular
the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to
safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round

2.2 By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by
2025, the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in
children under 5 years of age, and address the nutritional needs of
adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older persons

2.3 By 2030, double the agricultural productivity and incomes of
small-scale food producers, in particular women, indigenous peoples,
family farmers, pastoralists and fishers, including through secure and
equal access to land, other productive resources and inputs, knowledge,
financial services, markets and opportunities for value addition and
non-farm employment

2.4 By 2030, ensure sustainable food production systems and
implement resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity
and production, that help maintain ecosystems, that strengthen capacity
for adaptation to climate change, extreme weather, drought, flooding and
other disasters and that progressively improve land and soil quality

2.5 By 2020, maintain the genetic diversity of seeds, cultivated
plants and farmed and domesticated animals and their related wild
species, including through soundly managed and diversified seed and
plant banks at the national, regional and international levels, and
promote access to and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising
from the utilization of genetic resources and associated traditional
knowledge, as internationally agreed

2.a Increase investment, including through enhanced international
cooperation, in rural infrastructure, agricultural research and
extension services, technology development and plant and livestock gene
banks in order to enhance agricultural productive capacity in developing
countries, in particular least developed countries

2.b Correct and prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world
agricultural markets, including through the parallel elimination of all
forms of agricultural export subsidies and all export measures with
equivalent effect, in accordance with the mandate of the Doha
Development Round

2.c Adopt measures to ensure the proper functioning of food
commodity markets and their derivatives and facilitate timely access to
market information, including on food reserves, in order to help limit
extreme food price volatility

Goal 3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages

3.1 By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births

3.2 By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5
years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce neonatal mortality to
at least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to at
least as low as 25 per 1,000 live births

3.3 By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and
neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases
and other communicable diseases

3.4 By 2030, reduce by one third premature mortality from
non-communicable diseases through prevention and treatment and promote
mental health and well-being

3.5 Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol

3.6 By 2020, halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents

3.7 By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive
health-care services, including for family planning, information and
education, and the integration of reproductive health into national
strategies and programmes

3.8 Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk
protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access
to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and
vaccines for all

3.9 By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and
illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and
contamination

3.a Strengthen the implementation of the World Health Organization
Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries, as appropriate

3.b Support the research and development of vaccines and medicines
for the communicable and non-communicable diseases that primarily affect
developing countries, provide access to affordable essential medicines
and vaccines, in accordance with the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS
Agreement and Public Health, which affirms the right of developing
countries to use to the full the provisions in the Agreement on
Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights regarding
flexibilities to protect public health, and, in particular, provide
access to medicines for all

3.c Substantially increase health financing and the recruitment,
development, training and retention of the health workforce in
developing countries, especially in least developed countries and small
island developing States

3.d Strengthen the capacity of all countries, in particular
developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction and management
of national and global health risks

Goal 4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all

4.1 By 2030, ensure that all girls and boys complete free, equitable
and quality primary and secondary education leading to relevant and
effective learning outcomes

4.2 By 2030, ensure that all girls and boys have access to quality
early childhood development, care and pre-primary education so that they
are ready for primary education

4.3 By 2030, ensure equal access for all women and men to
affordable and quality technical, vocational and tertiary education,
including university

4.4 By 2030, substantially increase the number of youth and adults
who have relevant skills, including technical and vocational skills, for
employment, decent jobs and entrepreneurship

4.5 By 2030, eliminate gender disparities in education and ensure
equal access to all levels of education and vocational training for the
vulnerable, including persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples and
children in vulnerable situations

4.6 By 2030, ensure that all youth and a substantial proportion of adults, both men and women, achieve literacy and numeracy

4.7 By 2030, ensure that all learners acquire the knowledge and
skills needed to promote sustainable development, including, among
others, through education for sustainable development and sustainable
lifestyles, human rights, gender equality, promotion of a culture of
peace and non-violence, global citizenship and appreciation of cultural
diversity and of culture’s contribution to sustainable development

4.a Build and upgrade education facilities that are child,
disability and gender sensitive and provide safe, non-violent, inclusive
and effective learning environments for all

4.b By 2020, substantially expand globally the number of
scholarships available to developing countries, in particular least
developed countries, small island developing States and African
countries, for enrolment in higher education, including vocational
training and information and communications technology, technical,
engineering and scientific programmes, in developed countries and other
developing countries

4.c By 2030, substantially increase the supply of qualified
teachers, including through international cooperation for teacher
training in developing countries, especially least developed countries
and small island developing States

Goal 5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

5.1 End all forms of discrimination against all women and girls everywhere

5.2 Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in
the public and private spheres, including trafficking and sexual and
other types of exploitation

5.3 Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage and female genital mutilation

5.4 Recognize and value unpaid care and domestic work through the
provision of public services, infrastructure and social protection
policies and the promotion of shared responsibility within the household
and the family as nationally appropriate

5.5 Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal
opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in
political, economic and public life

5.6 Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and
reproductive rights as agreed in accordance with the Programme of Action
of the International Conference on Population and Development and the
Beijing Platform for Action and the outcome documents of their review
conferences

5.a Undertake reforms to give women equal rights to economic
resources, as well as access to ownership and control over land and
other forms of property, financial services, inheritance and natural
resources, in accordance with national laws

5.b Enhance the use of enabling technology, in particular
information and communications technology, to promote the empowerment of
women

5.c Adopt and strengthen sound policies and enforceable legislation
for the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of all women
and girls at all levels

Goal 6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

6.1 By 2030, achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all

6.2 By 2030, achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation
and hygiene for all and end open defecation, paying special attention to
the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations

6.3 By 2030, improve water quality by reducing pollution,
eliminating dumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and
materials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and
substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally

6.4 By 2030, substantially increase water-use efficiency across all
sectors and ensure sustainable withdrawals and supply of freshwater to
address water scarcity and substantially reduce the number of people
suffering from water scarcity

6.5 By 2030, implement integrated water resources management at all
levels, including through transboundary cooperation as appropriate

6.6 By 2020, protect and restore water-related ecosystems, including mountains, forests, wetlands, rivers, aquifers and lakes

6.a By 2030, expand international cooperation and capacity-building
support to developing countries in water- and sanitation-related
activities and programmes, including water harvesting, desalination,
water efficiency, wastewater treatment, recycling and reuse technologies

6.b Support and strengthen the participation of local communities in improving water and sanitation management

Goal 7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all

7.1 By 2030, ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services

7.2 By 2030, increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix

7.3 By 2030, double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency

7.a By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access
to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy,
energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and
promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology

7.b By 2030, expand infrastructure and upgrade technology for
supplying modern and sustainable energy services for all in developing
countries, in particular least developed countries, small island
developing States, and land-locked developing countries, in accordance
with their respective programmes of support

Goal 8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all

8.1 Sustain per capita economic growth in accordance with national
circumstances and, in particular, at least 7 per cent gross domestic
product growth per annum in the least developed countries

8.2 Achieve higher levels of economic productivity through
diversification, technological upgrading and innovation, including
through a focus on high-value added and labour-intensive sectors

8.3 Promote development-oriented policies that support productive
activities, decent job creation, entrepreneurship, creativity and
innovation, and encourage the formalization and growth of micro-, small-
and medium-sized enterprises, including through access to financial
services

8.4 Improve progressively, through 2030, global resource efficiency
in consumption and production and endeavour to decouple economic growth
from environmental degradation, in accordance with the 10-year
framework of programmes on sustainable consumption and production, with
developed countries taking the lead

8.5 By 2030, achieve full and productive employment and decent work
for all women and men, including for young people and persons with
disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal value

8.6 By 2020, substantially reduce the proportion of youth not in employment, education or training

8.7 Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced
labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking and secure the
prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour,
including recruitment and use of child soldiers, and by 2025 end child
labour in all its forms

8.8 Protect labour rights and promote safe and secure working
environments for all workers, including migrant workers, in particular
women migrants, and those in precarious employment

8.9 By 2030, devise and implement policies to promote sustainable
tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products

8.10 Strengthen the capacity of domestic financial institutions to
encourage and expand access to banking, insurance and financial services
for all

8.a Increase Aid for Trade support for developing countries, in
particular least developed countries, including through the Enhanced
Integrated Framework for Trade-Related Technical Assistance to Least
Developed Countries

8.b By 2020, develop and operationalize a global strategy for youth
employment and implement the Global Jobs Pact of the International
Labour Organization

Goal 9. Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation

9.1 Develop quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient
infrastructure, including regional and transborder infrastructure, to
support economic development and human well-being, with a focus on
affordable and equitable access for all

9.2 Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and, by
2030, significantly raise industry’s share of employment and gross
domestic product, in line with national circumstances, and double its
share in least developed countries

9.3 Increase the access of small-scale industrial and other
enterprises, in particular in developing countries, to financial
services, including affordable credit, and their integration into value
chains and markets

9.4 By 2030, upgrade infrastructure and retrofit industries to make
them sustainable, with increased resource-use efficiency and greater
adoption of clean and environmentally sound technologies and industrial
processes, with all countries taking action in accordance with their
respective capabilities

9.5 Enhance scientific research, upgrade the technological
capabilities of industrial sectors in all countries, in particular
developing countries, including, by 2030, encouraging innovation and
substantially increasing the number of research and development workers
per 1 million people and public and private research and development
spending

9.a Facilitate sustainable and resilient infrastructure development
in developing countries through enhanced financial, technological and
technical support to African countries, least developed countries,
landlocked developing countries and small island developing States

9.b Support domestic technology development, research and
innovation in developing countries, including by ensuring a conducive
policy environment for, inter alia, industrial diversification and value
addition to commodities

9.c Significantly increase access to information and communications
technology and strive to provide universal and affordable access to the
Internet in least developed countries by 2020

Goal 10. Reduce inequality within and among countries

10.1 By 2030, progressively achieve and sustain income growth of the
bottom 40 per cent of the population at a rate higher than the national
average

10.2 By 2030, empower and promote the social, economic and political
inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race,
ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status

10.3 Ensure equal opportunity and reduce inequalities of outcome,
including by eliminating discriminatory laws, policies and practices and
promoting appropriate legislation, policies and action in this regard

10.4 Adopt policies, especially fiscal, wage and social protection policies, and progressively achieve greater equality

10.5 Improve the regulation and monitoring of global financial
markets and institutions and strengthen the implementation of such
regulations

10.6 Ensure enhanced representation and voice for developing
countries in decision-making in global international economic and
financial institutions in order to deliver more effective, credible,
accountable and legitimate institutions

10.7 Facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and
mobility of people, including through the implementation of planned and
well-managed migration policies

10.a Implement the principle of special and differential treatment
for developing countries, in particular least developed countries, in
accordance with World Trade Organization agreements

10.b Encourage official development assistance and financial flows,
including foreign direct investment, to States where the need is
greatest, in particular least developed countries, African countries,
small island developing States and landlocked developing countries, in
accordance with their national plans and programmes

10.c By 2030, reduce to less than 3 per cent the transaction costs
of migrant remittances and eliminate remittance corridors with costs
higher than 5 per cent

Goal 11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

11.1 By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums

11.2 By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and
sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by
expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of
those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with
disabilities and older persons

11.3 By 2030, enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and
capacity for participatory, integrated and sustainable human settlement
planning and management in all countries

11.4 Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage

11.5 By 2030, significantly reduce the number of deaths and the
number of people affected and substantially decrease the direct economic
losses relative to global gross domestic product caused by disasters,
including water-related disasters, with a focus on protecting the poor
and people in vulnerable situations

11.6 By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of
cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and
municipal and other waste management

11.7 By 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and
accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and
children, older persons and persons with disabilities

11.a Support positive economic, social and environmental links
between urban, peri-urban and rural areas by strengthening national and
regional development planning

11.b By 2020, substantially increase the number of cities and human
settlements adopting and implementing integrated policies and plans
towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and adaptation to
climate change, resilience to disasters, and develop and implement, in
line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030,
holistic disaster risk management at all levels

11.c Support least developed countries, including through financial
and technical assistance, in building sustainable and resilient
buildings utilizing local materials

Goal 12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns

12.1 Implement the 10-year framework of programmes on sustainable
consumption and production, all countries taking action, with developed
countries taking the lead, taking into account the development and
capabilities of developing countries

12.2 By 2030, achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources

12.3 By 2030, halve per capita global food waste at the retail and
consumer levels and reduce food losses along production and supply
chains, including post-harvest losses

12.4 By 2020, achieve the environmentally sound management of
chemicals and all wastes throughout their life cycle, in accordance with
agreed international frameworks, and significantly reduce their release
to air, water and soil in order to minimize their adverse impacts on
human health and the environment

12.5 By 2030, substantially reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse

12.6 Encourage companies, especially large and transnational
companies, to adopt sustainable practices and to integrate
sustainability information into their reporting cycle

12.7 Promote public procurement practices that are sustainable, in accordance with national policies and priorities

12.8 By 2030, ensure that people everywhere have the relevant
information and awareness for sustainable development and lifestyles in
harmony with nature

12.a Support developing countries to strengthen their scientific and
technological capacity to move towards more sustainable patterns of
consumption and production

12.b Develop and implement tools to monitor sustainable development
impacts for sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local
culture and products

12.c Rationalize inefficient fossil-fuel subsidies that encourage
wasteful consumption by removing market distortions, in accordance with
national circumstances, including by restructuring taxation and phasing
out those harmful subsidies, where they exist, to reflect their
environmental impacts, taking fully into account the specific needs and
conditions of developing countries and minimizing the possible adverse
impacts on their development in a manner that protects the poor and the
affected communities

Goal 13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts*

13.1 Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries

13.2 Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning

13.3 Improve education, awareness-raising and human and
institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact
reduction and early warning

13.a Implement the commitment undertaken by developed-country
parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to a
goal of mobilizing jointly $100 billion annually by 2020 from all
sources to address the needs of developing countries in the context of
meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation and
fully operationalize the Green Climate Fund through its capitalization
as soon as possible

13.b Promote mechanisms for raising capacity for effective climate
change-related planning and management in least developed countries and
small island developing States, including focusing on women, youth and
local and marginalized communities

* Acknowledging that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change is the primary international, intergovernmental forum for
negotiating the global response to climate change.

Goal 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development

14.1 By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all
kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris
and nutrient pollution

14.2 By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal
ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by
strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in
order to achieve healthy and productive oceans

14.3 Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels

14.4 By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing,
illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing
practices and implement science-based management plans, in order to
restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels
that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their
biological characteristics

14.5 By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine
areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the
best available scientific information

14.6 By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which
contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that
contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain
from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and
effective special and differential treatment for developing and least
developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade
Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation

14.7 By 2030, increase the economic benefits to Small Island
developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use
of marine resources, including through sustainable management of
fisheries, aquaculture and tourism

14.a Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and
transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental
Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of
Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the
contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing
countries, in particular small island developing States and least
developed countries

14.b Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets

14.c Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and
their resources by implementing international law as reflected in
UNCLOS, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and
sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph
158 of The Future We Want

Goal 15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial
ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt
and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss

15.1 By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use
of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, in
particular forests, wetlands, mountains and drylands, in line with
obligations under international agreements

15.2 By 2020, promote the implementation of sustainable management
of all types of forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forests
and substantially increase afforestation and reforestation globally

15.3 By 2030, combat desertification, restore degraded land and
soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods,
and strive to achieve a land degradation-neutral world

15.4 By 2030, ensure the conservation of mountain ecosystems,
including their biodiversity, in order to enhance their capacity to
provide benefits that are essential for sustainable development

15.5 Take urgent and significant action to reduce the degradation of
natural habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity and, by 2020, protect
and prevent the extinction of threatened species

15.6 Promote fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from
the utilization of genetic resources and promote appropriate access to
such resources, as internationally agreed

15.7 Take urgent action to end poaching and trafficking of protected
species of flora and fauna and address both demand and supply of
illegal wildlife products

15.8 By 2020, introduce measures to prevent the introduction and
significantly reduce the impact of invasive alien species on land and
water ecosystems and control or eradicate the priority species

15.9 By 2020, integrate ecosystem and biodiversity values into
national and local planning, development processes, poverty reduction
strategies and accounts

15.a Mobilize and significantly increase financial resources from
all sources to conserve and sustainably use biodiversity and ecosystems

15.b Mobilize significant resources from all sources and at all
levels to finance sustainable forest management and provide adequate
incentives to developing countries to advance such management, including
for conservation and reforestation

15.c Enhance global support for efforts to combat poaching and
trafficking of protected species, including by increasing the capacity
of local communities to pursue sustainable livelihood opportunities

Goal 16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable
development, provide access to justice for all and build effective,
accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels

16.1 Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere

16.2 End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of children

16.3 Promote the rule of law at the national and international levels and ensure equal access to justice for all

16.4 By 2030, significantly reduce illicit financial and arms flows,
strengthen the recovery and return of stolen assets and combat all
forms of organized crime

16.5 Substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms

16.6 Develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions at all levels

16.7 Ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making at all levels

16.8 Broaden and strengthen the participation of developing countries in the institutions of global governance

16.9 By 2030, provide legal identity for all, including birth registration

16.10 Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental
freedoms, in accordance with national legislation and international
agreements

16.a Strengthen relevant national institutions, including through
international cooperation, for building capacity at all levels, in
particular in developing countries, to prevent violence and combat
terrorism and crime

16.b Promote and enforce non-discriminatory laws and policies for sustainable development

Goal 17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development

Finance

17.1 Strengthen domestic resource mobilization, including through
international support to developing countries, to improve domestic
capacity for tax and other revenue collection

17.2 Developed countries to implement fully their official
development assistance commitments, including the commitment by many
developed countries to achieve the target of 0.7 per cent of ODA/GNI to
developing countries and 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of ODA/GNI to least
developed countries; ODA providers are encouraged to consider setting a
target to provide at least 0.20 per cent of ODA/GNI to least developed
countries

17.3 Mobilize additional financial resources for developing countries from multiple sources

17.4 Assist developing countries in attaining long-term debt
sustainability through coordinated policies aimed at fostering debt
financing, debt relief and debt restructuring, as appropriate, and
address the external debt of highly indebted poor countries to reduce
debt distress

17.5 Adopt and implement investment promotion regimes for least developed countries

Technology

17.6 Enhance North-South, South-South and triangular regional and
international cooperation on and access to science, technology and
innovation and enhance knowledge sharing on mutually agreed terms,
including through improved coordination among existing mechanisms, in
particular at the United Nations level, and through a global technology
facilitation mechanism

17.7 Promote the development, transfer, dissemination and diffusion
of environmentally sound technologies to developing countries on
favourable terms, including on concessional and preferential terms, as
mutually agreed

17.8 Fully operationalize the technology bank and science,
technology and innovation capacity-building mechanism for least
developed countries by 2017 and enhance the use of enabling technology,
in particular information and communications technology

Capacity-building

17.9 Enhance international support for implementing effective and
targeted capacity-building in developing countries to support national
plans to implement all the sustainable development goals, including
through North-South, South-South and triangular cooperation

Trade

17.10 Promote a universal, rules-based, open, non-discriminatory and
equitable multilateral trading system under the World Trade
Organization, including through the conclusion of negotiations under its
Doha Development Agenda

17.11 Significantly increase the exports of developing countries, in
particular with a view to doubling the least developed countries’ share
of global exports by 2020

17.12 Realize timely implementation of duty-free and quota-free
market access on a lasting basis for all least developed countries,
consistent with World Trade Organization decisions, including by
ensuring that preferential rules of origin applicable to imports from
least developed countries are transparent and simple, and contribute to
facilitating market access

Systemic issues

Policy and institutional coherence

17.13 Enhance global macroeconomic stability, including through policy coordination and policy coherence

17.14 Enhance policy coherence for sustainable development

17.15 Respect each country’s policy space and leadership to
establish and implement policies for poverty eradication and sustainable
development

Multi-stakeholder partnerships

17.16 Enhance the global partnership for sustainable development,
complemented by multi-stakeholder partnerships that mobilize and share
knowledge, expertise, technology and financial resources, to support the
achievement of the sustainable development goals in all countries, in
particular developing countries

17.17 Encourage and promote effective public, public-private and
civil society partnerships, building on the experience and resourcing
strategies of partnerships

Data, monitoring and accountability

17.18 By 2020, enhance capacity-building support to developing
countries, including for least developed countries and small island
developing States, to increase significantly the availability of
high-quality, timely and reliable data disaggregated by income, gender,
age, race, ethnicity, migratory status, disability, geographic location
and other characteristics relevant in national contexts

17.19 By 2030, build on existing initiatives to develop measurements
of progress on sustainable development that complement gross domestic
product, and support statistical capacity-building in developing
countries

60. We reaffirm our strong commitment to the full implementation of this
new Agenda. We recognize that we will not be able to achieve our
ambitious Goals and targets without a revitalized and enhanced Global
Partnership and comparably ambitious means of implementation. The
revitalized Global Partnership will facilitate an intensive global
engagement in support of implementation of all the goals and targets,
bringing together Governments, civil society, the private sector, the
United Nations system and other actors and mobilizing all available
resources.

61. The Agenda’s Goals and targets deal with the means required to
realise our collective ambitions. The means of implementation targets
under each SDG and Goal 17, which are referred to above, are key to
realising our Agenda and are of equal importance with the other Goals
and targets. We shall accord them equal priority in our implementation
efforts and in the global indicator framework for monitoring our
progress.

62. This Agenda, including the SDGs, can be met within the framework of a
revitalized global partnership for sustainable development, supported
by the concrete policies and actions outlined in the Addis Ababa Action
Agenda , which is an integral part of the 2030 Agenda for sustainable
development. The Addis Ababa Action Agenda supports, complements and
helps contextualize the 2030 Agenda’s means of implementation targets.
These relate to domestic public resources, domestic and international
private business and finance, international development cooperation,
international trade as an engine for development, debt and debt
sustainability, addressing systemic issues and science, technology,
innovation and capacity-building, and data, monitoring and follow-up.

63. Cohesive nationally owned sustainable development strategies,
supported by integrated national financing frameworks, will be at the
heart of our efforts. We reiterate that each country has primary
responsibility for its own economic and social development and that the
role of national policies and development strategies cannot be
overemphasized. We will respect each country’s policy space and
leadership to implement policies for poverty eradication and sustainable
development, while remaining consistent with relevant international
rules and commitments. At the same time, national development efforts
need to be supported by an enabling international economic environment,
including coherent and mutually supporting world trade, monetary and
financial systems, and strengthened and enhanced global economic
governance. Processes to develop and facilitate the availability of
appropriate knowledge and technologies globally, as well as
capacity-building, are also critical. We commit to pursuing policy
coherence and an enabling environment for sustainable development at all
levels and by all actors, and to reinvigorating the global partnership
for sustainable development.

64. We support the implementation of relevant strategies and programmes
of action, including the Istanbul Declaration and Programme of Action,
the SIDS Accelerated Modalities of Action (SAMOA) Pathway, the Vienna
Programme of Action for Landlocked Developing Countries for the Decade
2014-2024, and reaffirm the importance of supporting the African Union’s
Agenda 2063 and the programme of the New Partnership for Africa’s
Development (NEPAD), all of which are integral to the new Agenda. We
recognize the major challenge to the achievement of durable peace and
sustainable development in countries in conflict and post-conflict
situations.

65. We recognize that middle-income countries still face significant
challenges to achieve sustainable development. In order to ensure that
achievements made to date are sustained, efforts to address ongoing
challenges should be strengthened through the exchange of experiences,
improved coordination, and better and focused support of the United
Nations Development System, the international financial institutions,
regional organizations and other stakeholders.

66. We underscore that, for all countries, public policies and the
mobilization and effective use of domestic resources, underscored by the
principle of national ownership, are central to our common pursuit of
sustainable development, including achieving the sustainable development
goals. We recognize that domestic resources are first and foremost
generated by economic growth, supported by an enabling environment at
all levels.

67. Private business activity, investment and innovation are major
drivers of productivity, inclusive economic growth and job creation. We
acknowledge the diversity of the private sector, ranging from
micro-enterprises to cooperatives to multinationals. We call on all
businesses to apply their creativity and innovation to solving
sustainable development challenges. We will foster a dynamic and
well-functioning business sector, while protecting labour rights and
environmental and health standards in accordance with relevant
international standards and agreements and other on-going initiatives in
this regard, such as the Guiding Principles on Business and Human
Rights and the labour standards of ILO, the Convention on the Rights of
the Child and key multilateral environmental agreements, for parties to
those agreements.

68. International trade is an engine for inclusive economic growth and
poverty reduction, and contributes to the promotion of sustainable
development. We will continue to promote a universal, rules-based, open,
transparent, predictable, inclusive, non-discriminatory and equitable
multilateral trading system under the World Trade Organization (WTO), as
well as meaningful trade liberalization. We call on all WTO members to
redouble their efforts to promptly conclude the negotiations on the Doha
Development Agenda. We attach great importance to providing
trade-related capacity-building for developing countries, including
African countries, least-developed countries, landlocked developing
countries, small island developing states and middle-income countries,
including for the promotion of regional economic integration and
interconnectivity.

69. We recognize the need to assist developing countries in attaining
long-term debt sustainability through coordinated policies aimed at
fostering debt financing, debt relief, debt restructuring and sound debt
management, as appropriate. Many countries remain vulnerable to debt
crises and some are in the midst of crises, including a number of least
developed countries, small-island developing States and some developed
countries. We reiterate that debtors and creditors must work together to
prevent and resolve unsustainable debt situations. Maintaining
sustainable debt levels is the responsibility of the borrowing
countries; however we acknowledge that lenders also have a
responsibility to lend in a way that does not undermine a country’s debt
sustainability. We will support the maintenance of debt sustainability
of those countries that have received debt relief and achieved
sustainable debt levels.

70. We hereby launch a Technology Facilitation Mechanism which was
established by the Addis Ababa Action Agenda in order to support the
sustainable development goals. The Technology Facilitation Mechanism
will be based on a multi-stakeholder collaboration between Member
States, civil society, private sector, scientific community, United
Nations entities and other stakeholders and will be composed of: a
United Nations Interagency Task Team on Science, Technology and
Innovation for the SDGs, a collaborative Multistakeholder Forum on
Science, Technology and Innovation for the SDGs and an on-line platform.

• The United Nations Interagency Task Team on Science, Technology and
Innovation for the SDGs will promote coordination, coherence, and
cooperation within the UN System on STI related matters, enhancing
synergy and efficiency, in particular to enhance capacity-building
initiatives. The Task Team will draw on existing resources and will work
with 10 representatives from the civil society, private sector, the
scientific community, to prepare the meetings of the Multistakeholder
Forum on Science, Technology and Innovation for the SDGs, as well as in
the development and operationalization of the on-line platform,
including preparing proposals for the modalities for the Forum and the
on-line platform. The 10 representatives will be appointed by the
Secretary General, for periods of two years. The Task Team will be open
to the participation of all UN agencies, funds and programmes, and
ECOSOC functional commissions and it will initially be composed by the
entities that currently integrate the informal working group on
technology facilitation, namely: UN Department of Economic and Social
Affairs, United Nations Environment Programme, UNIDO, United Nations
Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNCTAD, International
Telecommunication Union, WIPO and the World Bank.

• The on-line platform will be used to establish a comprehensive mapping
of, and serve as a gateway for, information on existing STI
initiatives, mechanisms and programmes, within and beyond the UN. The
on-line platform will facilitate access to information, knowledge and
experience, as well as best practices and lessons learned, on STI
facilitation initiatives and policies. The online platform will also
facilitate the dissemination of relevant open access scientific
publications generated worldwide. The on-line platform will be developed
on the basis of an independent technical assessment which will take
into account best practices and lessons learned from other initiatives,
within and beyond the United Nations, in order to ensure that it will
complement, facilitate access to and provide adequate information on
existing STI platforms, avoiding duplications and enhancing synergies.

• The Multi-stakeholder Forum on Science Technology and Innovation for
the SDGs will be convened once a year, for a period of two days, to
discuss STI cooperation around thematic areas for the implementation of
the SDGs, congregating all relevant stakeholders to actively contribute
in their area of expertise. The Forum will provide a venue for
facilitating interaction, matchmaking and the establishment of networks
between relevant stakeholders and multi- stakeholder partnerships in
order to identify and examine technology needs and gaps, including on
scientific cooperation, innovation and capacity building, and also in
order to help facilitate development, transfer and dissemination of
relevant technologies for the SDGs. The meetings of the Forum will be
convened by the President of the ECOSOC before the meeting of the High
Level Political Forum under the auspices of ECOSOC or, alternatively, in
conjunction with other fora or conferences, as appropriate, taking into
account the theme to be considered and on the basis of a collaboration
with the organizers of the other fora or conference. The meetings of the
Forum will be co-chaired by two Member States and will result in a
summary of discussions elaborated by the two co-chairs, as an input to
the meetings of the High Level Political Forum, in the context of the
follow-up and review of the implementation of the Post-2015 Development
Agenda.

• The meetings of the HLPF will be informed by the summary of the
Multistakeholder Forum. The themes for the subsequent Multistakeholder
Forum on Science Technology and Innovation for the SDGs will be
considered by the High Level Political Forum on sustainable development,
taking into account expert inputs from the Task Team.

71. We reiterate that this Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals
and targets, including the means of implementation are universal,
indivisible and interlinked.

72. We commit to engage in systematic follow-up and review of
implementation of this Agenda over the next fifteen years. A robust,
voluntary, effective, participatory, transparent and integrated
follow-up and review framework will make a vital contribution to
implementation and will help countries to maximize and track progress in
implementing this Agenda in order to ensure that no one is left behind.

73. Operating at the national, regional and global levels, it will
promote accountability to our citizens, support effective international
cooperation in achieving this Agenda and foster exchanges of best
practices and mutual learning. It will mobilize support to overcome
shared challenges and identify new and emerging issues. As this is a
universal Agenda, mutual trust and understanding among all nations will
be important.

74. Follow-up and review processes at all levels will be guided by the following principles:

a. They will be voluntary and country-led, will take into account
different national realities, capacities and levels of development and
will respect policy space and priorities. As national ownership is key
to achieving sustainable development, the outcome from national level
processes will be the foundation for reviews at regional and global
levels, given that the global review will be primarily based on national
official data sources.

b. They will track progress in implementing the universal Goals and
targets, including the means of implementation, in all countries in a
manner which respects their universal, integrated and interrelated
nature and the three dimensions of sustainable development.

c. They will maintain a longer-term orientation, identify
achievements, challenges, gaps and critical success factors and support
countries in making informed policy choices. They will help mobilize the
necessary means of implementation and partnerships, support the
identification of solutions and best practices and promote coordination
and effectiveness of the international development system.

d. They will be open, inclusive, participatory and transparent for
all people and will support the reporting by all relevant stakeholders.

e. They will be people-centred, gender-sensitive, respect human
rights and have a particular focus on the poorest, most vulnerable and
those furthest behind.

f. They will build on existing platforms and processes, where these
exist, avoid duplication and respond to national circumstances,
capacities, needs and priorities. They will evolve over time, taking
into account emerging issues and the development of new methodologies,
and will minimize the reporting burden on national administrations.

g. They will be rigorous and based on evidence, informed by
country-led evaluations and data which is high-quality, accessible,
timely, reliable and disaggregated by income, sex, age, race, ethnicity,
migration status, disability and geographic location and other
characteristics relevant in national contexts.

h. They will require enhanced capacity-building support for
developing countries, including the strengthening of national data
systems and evaluation programs, particularly in African countries,
LDCs, SIDS and LLDCs and middle-income countries.

i. They will benefit from the active support of the UN system and other multilateral institutions.

75. The Goals and targets will be followed-up and reviewed using a set
of global indicators. These will be complemented by indicators at the
regional and national levels which will be developed by member states,
in addition to the outcomes of work undertaken for the development of
the baselines for those targets where national and global baseline data
does not yet exist. The global indicator framework, to be developed by
the Inter Agency and Expert Group on SDG Indicators, will be agreed by
the UN Statistical Commission by March 2016 and adopted thereafter by
the Economic and Social Council and the General Assembly, in line with
existing mandates. This framework will be simple yet robust, address all
SDGs and targets including for means of implementation, and preserve
the political balance, integration and ambition contained therein.

76. We will support developing countries, particularly African
countries, LDCs, SIDS and LLDCs, in strengthening the capacity of
national statistical offices and data systems to ensure access to
high-quality, timely, reliable and disaggregated data. We will promote
transparent and accountable scaling-up of appropriate public-private
cooperation to exploit the contribution to be made by a wide range of
data, including earth observation and geo-spatial information, while
ensuring national ownership in supporting and tracking progress.

77. We commit to fully engage in conducting regular and inclusive
reviews of progress at sub-national, national, regional and global
levels. We will draw as far as possible on the existing network of
follow-up and review institutions and mechanisms. National reports will
allow assessments of progress and identify challenges at the regional
and global level. Along with regional dialogues and global reviews, they
will inform recommendations for follow-up at various levels.

National level

78. We encourage all member states to develop as soon as practicable
ambitious national responses to the overall implementation of this
Agenda. These can support the transition to the SDGs and build on
existing planning instruments, such as national development and
sustainable development strategies, as appropriate.

79. We also encourage member states to conduct regular and inclusive
reviews of progress at the national and sub-national levels which are
country-led and country-driven. Such reviews should draw on
contributions from indigenous peoples, civil society, the private sector
and other stakeholders, in line with national circumstances, policies
and priorities. National parliaments as well as other institutions can
also support these processes.

Regional level

80. Follow-up and review at the regional and sub-regional levels can, as
appropriate, provide useful opportunities for peer learning, including
through voluntary reviews, sharing of best practices and discussion on
shared targets. We welcome in this respect the cooperation of regional
and sub-regional commissions and organizations. Inclusive regional
processes will draw on national-level reviews and contribute to
follow-up and review at the global level, including at the High Level
Political Forum on sustainable development (HLPF).

81. Recognizing the importance of building on existing follow-up and
review mechanisms at the regional level and allowing adequate policy
space, we encourage all member states to identify the most suitable
regional forum in which to engage. UN regional commissions are
encouraged to continue supporting member states in this regard.

Global level

82. The HLPF will have a central role in overseeing a network of
follow-up and review processes at the global level, working coherently
with the General Assembly, ECOSOC and other relevant organs and forums,
in accordance with existing mandates. It will facilitate sharing of
experiences, including successes, challenges and lessons learned, and
provide political leadership, guidance and recommendations for
follow-up. It will promote system-wide coherence and coordination of
sustainable development policies. It should ensure that the Agenda
remains relevant and ambitious and should focus on the assessment of
progress, achievements and challenges faced by developed and developing
countries as well as new and emerging issues. Effective linkages will be
made with the follow-up and review arrangements of all relevant UN
Conferences and processes, including on LDCs, SIDS and LLDCs.
83. Follow-up and review at the HLPF will be informed by an
annual SDG Progress Report to be prepared by the Secretary General in
cooperation with the UN System, based on the global indicator framework
and data produced by national statistical systems and information
collected at the regional level. The HLPF will also be informed by the
Global Sustainable Development Report, which shall strengthen the
science-policy interface and could provide a strong evidence-based
instrument to support policy-makers in promoting poverty eradication and
sustainable development. We invite the President of ECOSOC to conduct a
process of consultations on the scope, methodology and frequency of the
Report as well as its relation to the SDG Progress Report, the outcome
of which should be reflected in the Ministerial Declaration of the HLPF
session in 2016.

84. The HLPF, under the auspices of ECOSOC, shall carry out regular
reviews, in line with Resolution 67/290. Reviews will be voluntary,
while encouraging reporting, and include developed and developing
countries as well as relevant UN entities and other stakeholders,
including civil society and the private sector. They shall be state-led,
involving ministerial and other relevant high-level participants. They
shall provide a platform for partnerships, including through the
participation of major groups and other relevant stakeholders.

85. Thematic reviews of progress on the Sustainable Development Goals,
including cross-cutting issues, will also take place at the HLPF. These
will be supported by reviews by the ECOSOC functional commissions and
other inter-governmental bodies and forums which should reflect the
integrated nature of the goals as well as the interlinkages between
them. They will engage all relevant stakeholders and, where possible,
feed into, and be aligned with, the cycle of the HLPF.

86. We welcome, as outlined in the Addis Ababa Action Agenda, the
dedicated follow-up and review for the Financing for Development
outcomes as well as all the means of implementation of the SDGs which is
integrated with the follow-up and review framework of this Agenda. The
intergovernmentally agreed conclusions and recommendations of the annual
ECOSOC Forum on Financing for Development will be fed into the overall
follow-up and review of the implementation of this Agenda in the HLPF.

87. Meeting every four years under the auspices of the General Assembly,
the HLPF will provide high-level political guidance on the Agenda and
its implementation, identify progress and emerging challenges and
mobilize further actions to accelerate implementation. The next HLPF,
under the auspices of the General Assembly, will take place in 2019,
with the cycle of meetings thus reset, in order to maximize coherence
with the Quadrennial Comprehensive Policy Review process.

88. We also stress the importance of system-wide strategic planning,
implementation and reporting in order to ensure coherent and integrated
support to implementation of the new Agenda by the UN development
system. The relevant governing bodies should take action to review such
support to implementation and to report on progress and obstacles. We
welcome the ongoing ECOSOC Dialogues on the longer term positioning of
the UN development system and look forward to taking action on these
issues, as appropriate.

89. The HLPF will support participation in follow-up and review
processes by the major groups and other relevant stakeholders in line
with Resolution 67/290. We call on these actors to report on their
contribution to the implementation of the Agenda.

90. We request the Secretary General, in consultation with Member
States, to prepare a report, for consideration at the 70th session of
the General Assembly in preparation for the 2016 meeting of the HLPF,
which outlines critical milestones towards coherent efficient, and
inclusive follow-up and review at the global level. This report should
include a proposal on the organizational arrangements for state-led
reviews at the HLPF under the auspices of ECOSOC, including
recommendations on a voluntary common reporting guidelines. It should
clarify institutional responsibilities and provide guidance on annual
themes, on a sequence of thematic reviews, and on options for periodic
reviews for the HLPF.

91. We reaffirm our unwavering commitment to achieving this Agenda and
utilizing it to the full to transform our world for the better by 2030.