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Tree >> Sutta Piṭaka >> Majjhima Nikāya
MN 7 (M i 36)
Vattha Sutta
{excerpt}
— The cloth —
[vattha]
We
find here a rather standard list of sixteen defilements (upakkilesa) of
the mind, and an explanation of a mechanism by which one gets these
‘confirmed confidences’ in the Buddha, the Dhamma and the Sangha that
are factors of stream-entry.
When
he has given up,renounced,let go,abandoned and relinquished[the
defilements]in part,he knows: ‘I am endowed with unwavering confidence
in the Buddha’; & he gains enthusiasm for the goal, for the
Dhamma.When he is gladdened,joy is born in him;being joyous in mind,his
body becomes tranquil;his body being tranquil,he feels happiness; &
the mind of him who is happy becomes concentrated.’I am endowed with
unwavering confidence in the Dhamma’;& he gains enthusiasm for the
goal,Dhamma,gladness connected with the Dhamma.When he is gladdened,joy
is born in him; being joyous in mind,his body becomes tranquil; his body
being tranquil, he feels happiness; & the mind of him who is happy
becomes concentrated.’I am endowed with unwavering confidence in the
Sangha’;& he gains enthusiasm for the goal,Dhamma,gladness connected
with the Dhamma.When he is gladdened, joy is born in him; being joyous
in mind, his body becomes tranquil; his body being tranquil, he feels
happiness;& the mind of him who is happy becomes concentrated.He
knows:’I have given up,renounced,let go,abandoned & relinquished
[the defilements] in part’; & he gains enthusiasm for the
goal,Dhamma, gladness connected with the Dhamma.When he is gladdened,joy
is born in him;being joyous in mind,his body becomes tranquil;when his
body is tranquil, he feels happiness; & the mind of him who is happy
becomes concentrated.
And what, monks, are the defilements of the mind?
(2) ill will is a defilement of the mind;
(3) anger is a defilement of the mind;
(4) hostility is a defilement of the mind.
(5) denigration is a defilement of the mind.
(6) domineering is a defilement of the mind.
(7) envy is a defilement of the mind.
( jealousy is a defilement of the mind.
(9) hypocrisy is a defilement of the mind.
(10) fraud is a defilement of the mind.
(11) obstinacy is a defilement of the mind.
(12) presumption is a defilement of the mind.
(13) conceit is a defilement of the mind.
(14) arrogance is a defilement of the mind.
(15) vanity is a defilement of the mind.
(16) negligence is a defilement of the mind.
Knowing,
monks, Covetousness and unrighteous greed to be a defilement of the
mind, the monk abandons them. Knowing ill will to be a defilement of the
mind, he abandons it. Knowing anger to be a defilement of the mind, he
abandons it. Knowing hostility to be a defilement of the mind, he
abandons it. Knowing denigration to be a defilement of the mind, he
abandons it. Knowing domineering to be a defilement of the mind, he
abandons it. Knowing envy to be a defilement of the mind, he abandons
it. Knowing jealousy to be a defilement of the mind, he abandons it.
Knowing hypocrisy to be a defilement of the mind, he abandons it.
Knowing fraud to be a defilement of the mind, he abandons it. Knowing
obstinacy to be a defilement of the mind, he abandons it. Knowing
presumption to be a defilement of the mind, he abandons it. Knowing
conceit to be a defilement of the mind, he abandons it. Knowing
arrogance to be a defilement of the mind, he abandons it. Knowing vanity
to be a defilement of the mind, he abandons it. Knowing negligence to
be a defilement of the mind, he abandons it.
In
the monk who thus knows that Covetousness and unrighteous greed are a
defilement of the mind, this covetousness and unrighteous greed have
been abandoned; in him who thus knows that ill will is a defilement of
the mind, this ill will has been abandoned; in him who thus knows that
anger is a defilement of the mind, this anger has been abandoned; in him
who thus knows that hostility is a defilement of the mind, this
hostility has been abandoned; in him who thus knows that denigration is a
defilement of the mind, this denigration has been abandoned; in him who
thus knows that domineering is a defilement of the mind, this
domineering has been abandoned; in him who thus knows that envy is a
defilement of the mind, this envy has been abandoned; in him who thus
knows that jealousy is a defilement of the mind, this jealousy has been
abandoned; in him who thus knows that hypocrisy is a defilement of the
mind, this hypocrisy has been abandoned; in him who thus knows that
fraud is a defilement of the mind, this fraud has been abandoned; in him
who thus knows that obstinacy is a defilement of the mind, this
obstinacy has been abandoned; in him who thus knows that presumption is a
defilement of the mind, this presumption has been abandoned; in him who
thus knows that conceit is a defilement of the mind, this conceit has
been abandoned; in him who thus knows that arrogance is a defilement of
the mind, this arrogance has been abandoned; in him who thus knows that
vanity is a defilement of the mind, this vanity has been abandoned; in
him who thus knows that negligence is a defilement of the mind, this
negligence has been abandoned
He
thereupon gains unwavering confidence in the Buddha thus: ‘Thus indeed
is the Blessed One: he is accomplished, fully enlightened, endowed with
[clear] vision and [virtuous] conduct, sublime, knower of the worlds,
the incomparable guide of men who are tractable, the teacher of gods and
men, enlightened and blessed.’ He gains unwavering confidence in the
Dhamma thus: ‘Well proclaimed by the Blessed One is the Dhamma,
realizable here and now, possessed of immediate result, bidding you come
and see, accessible and knowable individually by the wise.’ He gains
unwavering confidence in the Sangha thus: ‘The Sangha of the Blessed
One’s disciples has entered on the good way, has entered on the straight
way, has entered on the true way, has entered on the proper way; that
is to say, the four pairs of men, the eight types of persons; this
Sangha of the Blessed One’s disciples is worthy of gifts, worthy of
hospitality, worthy of offerings, worthy of reverential salutation, the
incomparable field of merit for the world.’
When
he has given up, renounced, let go, abandoned and relinquished [the
defilements] in part, he knows: ‘I am endowed with unwavering confidence
in the Buddha’; and he gains enthusiasm for the goal, gains enthusiasm
for the Dhamma, gains gladness connected with the Dhamma. When he is
gladdened, joy is born in him; being joyous in mind, his body becomes
tranquil; his body being tranquil, he feels happiness; and the mind of
him who is happy becomes concentrated. ‘I am endowed with unwavering
confidence in the Dhamma’; and he gains enthusiasm for the goal, gains
enthusiasm for the Dhamma, gains gladness connected with the Dhamma.
When he is gladdened, joy is born in him; being joyous in mind, his body
becomes tranquil; his body being tranquil, he feels happiness; and the
mind of him who is happy becomes concentrated. ‘I am endowed with
unwavering confidence in the Sangha’; and he gains enthusiasm for the
goal, gains enthusiasm for the Dhamma, gains gladness connected with the
Dhamma. When he is gladdened, joy is born in him; being joyous in mind,
his body becomes tranquil; his body being tranquil, he feels happiness;
and the mind of him who is happy becomes concentrated. He knows: ‘I
have given up, renounced, let go, abandoned and relinquished [the
defilements] in part’; and he gains enthusiasm for the goal, gains
enthusiasm for the Dhamma, gains gladness connected with the Dhamma.
When he is gladdened, joy is born in him; being joyous in mind, his body
becomes tranquil; when his body is tranquil, he feels happiness; and
the mind of him who is happy becomes concentrated.
Sutta Study: MN7 Vattha Sutta
…
…
Katame ca, bhikkhave, cittassa upakkilesā?
(1) Abhijjhāvisamalobho cittassa upakkileso,
(1) Covetousness and unrighteous greed are a defilement of the mind;
(2) byāpādo cittassa upakkileso,
(3) kodho cittassa upakkileso,
(4) upanāho cittassa upakkileso,
(5) makkho cittassa upakkileso,
(6) paḷāso cittassa upakkileso,
(7) issā cittassa upakkileso,
( macchariyaṃ cittassa upakkileso,
(9) māyā cittassa upakkileso,
(10) sāṭheyyaṃ cittassa upakkileso,
(11) thambho cittassa upakkileso,
(12) sārambho cittassa upakkileso,
(13) māno cittassa upakkileso,
(14) atimāno cittassa upakkileso,
(15) mado cittassa upakkileso,
(16) pamādo cittassa upakkileso.
Sa
kho so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘abhijjhāvisamalobho cittassa upakkileso’ti:
iti viditvā abhijjhāvisamalobhaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati;
‘byāpādo cittassa upakkileso’ti: iti viditvā byāpādaṃ cittassa
upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘kodho cittassa upakkileso’ti: iti viditvā kodhaṃ
cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘upanāho cittassa upakkileso’ti: iti
viditvā upanāhaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘makkho cittassa
upakkileso’ti: iti viditvā makkhaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati;
‘paḷāso cittassa upakkileso’ti: iti viditvā paḷāsaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ
pajahati; ‘issā cittassa upakkileso’ti: iti viditvā issaṃ cittassa
upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘macchariyaṃ cittassa upakkileso’ti: iti viditvā
macchariyaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘māyā cittassa upakkileso’ti:
iti viditvā māyaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘sāṭheyyaṃ cittassa
upakkileso’ti: iti viditvā sāṭheyyaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati;
‘thambho cittassa upakkileso’ti: iti viditvā thambhaṃ cittassa
upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘sārambho cittassa upakkileso’ti: iti viditvā
sārambhaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘māno cittassa upakkileso’ti:
iti viditvā mānaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘atimāno cittassa
upakkileso’ti: iti viditvā atimānaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘mado
cittassa upakkileso’ti: iti viditvā madaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ
pajahati; ‘pamādo cittassa upakkileso’ti: iti viditvā pamādaṃ cittassa
upakkilesaṃ pajahati.
Yato
kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ‘abhijjhāvisamalobho cittassa upakkileso’ti –
iti viditvā abhijjhāvisamalobho cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti,
‘byāpādo cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā byāpādo cittassa
upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘kodho cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā
kodho cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘upanāho cittassa upakkileso’ti –
iti viditvā upanāho cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘makkho cittassa
upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā makkho cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti;
‘paḷāso cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā paḷāso cittassa upakkileso
pahīno hoti; ‘issā cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā issā cittassa
upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘macchariyaṃ cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti
viditvā macchariyaṃ cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘māyā cittassa
upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā māyā cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti;
‘sāṭheyyaṃ cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā sāṭheyyaṃ cittassa
upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘thambho cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā
thambho cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘sārambho cittassa
upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā sārambho cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti;
‘māno cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā māno cittassa upakkileso
pahīno hoti; ‘atimāno cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā atimāno
cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘mado cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti
viditvā mado cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘pamādo cittassa
upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā pamādo cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti.
So
buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ
sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro
purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti; dhamme
aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo
sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo
viññūhī’ti; saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘suppaṭipanno
bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho,
ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato
sāvakasaṅgho, yadidaṃ cattāri purisayugāni, aṭṭha purisapuggalā. Esa
bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo,
anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti.
Yathodhi
kho panassa cattaṃ hoti vantaṃ muttaṃ pahīnaṃ paṭinissaṭṭhaṃ, so
‘buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgatomhī’ti labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati
dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Pamuditassa pīti jāyati,
pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino
cittaṃ samādhiyati; ‘dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgatomhī’ti labhati
atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ.
Pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo
sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati; ‘saṅghe aveccappasādena
samannāgatomhī’ti labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati
dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo
passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati.
‘Yathodhi kho pana me cattaṃ vantaṃ muttaṃ pahīnaṃ paṭinissaṭṭha’nti
labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ
pāmojjaṃ. Pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati,
passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati.