05/25/13
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வினயபிடக
Posted by:
@ 9:03 pm
931 LESSON 26-05-2013 SUNDAY-FREE ONLINE eNālāndā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY
(Adhikaraõasamathà)
MISUSE OF EVM _ PART -13
http://www.metta.lk/tipitaka/1Vinaya-Pitaka/index.html
MISUSE OF EVM _ PART -13
•
• New voter verifiable paper trail (VVPT) machines to replace the EVMs, following doubts that it could be tampered.Voting Machines are “Calculators which can be manipulated by computer softwares”. New Machines are ordered by EC, where a paper slip will come out with EVM voting which will be then deposited in a box. What is the use? Paper Slip will show that voter has casted vote for “Party A”, but calculator software will add vote to “Party B”! The Computers are programmable. No use for such fake paper slips. In Superior Courts it has been demonstrated how these computers can be manipulated and how it can be pre-programmed to make sure victory to one candidate during election. The EVM machines have killed Democracy and have all the potentials to do so. The ruling castes are manipulating EVMs to make sure victory to them depriving the dipressed classes to enable them to acquire the MASTER KEY that can unlock all doors of progress to the entire people.
•
• Under such circumstances the following exposure by media had no relevance during the last Karnataka Assembly Elections 2013 where the Congress won and the trend will continue in the forth coming General Elections until the Superior Court and the upholders of Democracy including the free and fair media.
8 Barriers to Open Source Voting Systems
In addition to the restricted environment for open source business models discussed in the last section, there are also significant regulatory, economic, organizational and perceptional barriers to the use and development of open source software in the voting systems market. In terms of voting system regulation, any changes in system source code trigger system recertification at all levels. Unlike traditional open source software where the ability to change the software frequently is important, open source voting system software development would have to operate differently and take into account that once a product is out on the market, it will be very difficult to change or “patch'’ the software. In addition, federal and most state certification processes are evaluations of an end-to-end system; it will be insufficient to simply develop the software, as any successful certification will have to include hardware, documentation, and procedures in addition to the software.
Even with sufficient attention to planning and development, it will still be difficult for small firms or non-profits to get a foothold in the elections systems market. It takes quite a bit of infrastructure and financial backing to be able to develop, certify, market, implement and service voting systems. Federal certification alone can take from two months to a year and cost between $150,000 and $400,000 for a single voting system.78Contractual performance bonds — where a vendor puts a certain percentage of the cost of a contract in escrow until the system has performed according to a set of criteria in the contract — can be hundreds of thousands to millions of dollars. Due to the nature of state and federal voting systems standards and guidelines, voting systems must be certified as end-to-end voting systems — including precinct-tabulation, data storage and central tabulation — or a vendor of a subsystem has to team up with a larger firm that has the missing pieces and is willing to sponsor a full system certification.79
Of course, other pieces of a voting system business outside of code development need to be in place to field a product. To support the requirements of certifying and marketing an end-to-end system, an open source voting systems vendor will need to have a support organization the likes of which no other open source software applications have had to develop. Some open source businesses such as MySQL AB and SugarCRM do have extensive marketing and support infrastructures for their paying customers, but no open source business produces a product like an end-to-end voting system with on-site support where software, hardware, documentation and procedures are developed, evaluated, marketed, sold and maintained throughout the lifetime of the product.
Finally, in addition to these regulatory, economic and organizational barriers, there are a number of perceptional barriers related to voting system customers that an open source voting system vendor would have to overcome. First, voting system customers — typically local election officials — might not understand the debate around disclosure and system security. The intuitive view is that disclosing system source code will result in a less-secure system. Vendors will have to take care to explain the arguments against “security through obscurity'’ and how openly published algorithms, for example in cryptography, have proven more robust to attack. Also, to make a sale, open source vendors will need to be able to demonstrate that the organizational structure they choose will be able to support the system over its lifetime or provide alternatives to such support if the vendor goes out of business.
(Adhikaraõasamathà)
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 588] [\x 588/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto satta adhikaraõasamathà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
Uppannuppannànaü adhikaraõànaü samathàya våpasamàya:
1: Sammukhàvinayo dàtabbo.
2: Sativinayo dàtabbo.
3: Amåëhavinayo dàtabbo.
4: Pañi¤¤àya kàretabbaü.
5: Yebhuyyasikà.
6: Tassapàpiyyasikà.
7: Tiõavatthàrakoti.
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto satta adhikaraõasamathà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Adhikaraõasamathà Niññhità
Uddiññhaü kho àyasmanto nidànaü.
Uddiññhà cattàro pàràjikà dhammà.
Uddiññhà terasa saïghàdisesà dhammà.
Uddiññhà dve aniyatà dhammà.
Uddiññhà tiüsa nissaggiyà pàcittiyà dhammà
Uddiññhà dvenavuti pàcittiyà dhammà.
Uddiññhà cattàro pàñidesanãyà dhammà.
Uddiññhà sekhiyà dhammà.
Uddiññhà satta adhikaraõasamathà dhammà.
Ettakaü tassa Bhagavato suttàgataü suttapariyàpannaü anvaddhamàsaü
uddesaü àgacchati. Tattha sabbeheva samaggehi sammodamànehi
avivadamànehi sikkhitabbaü.
Bhikkhupàtimokkhaü niññhitaü
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi Home Page
âràdhanà (Nidànuddeso)
(Pàràjikuddeso) (Saïghàdisesuddeso)
(Aniyatuddeso) (Nissaggiyapàcittiyà)
(Suddhapàcittiyà) (Pàñidesanãyà)
(Sekhiyà) (Adhikaraõasamathà)
Word Index
End Notes
29 Editor’s note: BJT omits this title by mistake. The Pàñidesanãya rules are listed only as Pañhama-, Dutiya-, etc. there being no distinctive titles for these training rules either in BJT or ChS.
30 BJT note: Ekassa ce pi - ChS
31 Editor’s note: BJT has no distinctive titles for the Sekhiya training rules, they are listed there as Pañhama-, Dutiya-, etc. up to Dasama-, after which they start again with Pañhama-.
As the titles serve a useful function as mnemonics they have been
inserted here following the ChS editon of the Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi. At
the beginning of this section as the rules generally come in pairs no
title for the second rule is given.
32 BJT note: Thåpakato - ChS.
33 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhãyyokamyataü, but it’s normal practice is to write these forms as bhãyo- etc.
34 Editor’s note: BJT, bhu¤jissàmi-ti, printer’s error.
35 Editor’s note: BJT, bhå¤jissàmã-ti, printer’s error.
36 Editor’s note: BJT, desessàmi-ti, here but desissàmã-ti elsewhere.
http://photobucket.com/images/animated%20buddha?page=1
RECTOR-FREE ONLINE eNālāndā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY
05/24/13
Filed under:
General,
வினயபிடக
Posted by:
@ 7:16 am
930 LESSON 25-05-2013 SATURDAY-FREE ONLINE eNālāndā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY-
Happy Vesak - People all over the world hope our Raj Bhavan, Parliament, Rajya Sabha, The White House, and all our Media celebrate Buddha Jayanthi in a grand manner for the Welfare, Happiness and Peace of the entire people.
Please watch
http://archive.org/details/BuddhasLifeAnimation2007Thai_201303
for
Buddha’s Life Animation ( 2007) Thai (March 25, 2013)
Buddha life Cartoon Animation
1Hr. 38 Mins
http://archive.org/details/KimClarkBuddha_sTeachingonLoving-KindnessforA synopsis of the Buddha’s world view is followed by a hauntingly
beautiful rendition of his teaching on Loving-Kindness, the Metta Sutta.
6.21 mins
http://in-mg61.mail.yahoo.com/neo/launch#mail
[Attachment(s) from vinaya rakkhita included below]
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Dear All,
Wish You All Happy Budddha Jayanthi /UN Vesak - 2013 CE/2556 BE
February 2nd, 2013 by david
In this wonderful image of the Buddha from
Bagan, Myanmar, facial expression changes from stern through smiling to
radiant as the figure is viewed from increasing distance. According to
my friend Eddy Keon, the highest status members of the temple audience,
along with temple officials, would have stood closest to the Buddha and
therefore have experienced him at his sternest, whilst his radiance
increased with the poverty of the viewer, banished to the back of the
crowd.
The figure is the Kassapa Buddha, one of four Buddhas in the Ananda Temple, Bagan, Myanmar.
The city was the capital of the ancient Pagan kingdom, built, along
with the temple and this figure of the Buddha, eight hundred years ago.
The left hand and centre photos are from the brilliant travel blog of Forrestwalker.
The right hand image was taken by Eddy Keon. His photo is so
beautiful, here’s the whole thing. Eddy hopes to use his pictures to support a hill village school in Myanmar.
http://www.desktopnexus.com/tag/buddha/
http://abstract.desktopnexus.com/wallpaper/1459670/
Zen meditation
http://architecture.desktopnexus.com/wallpaper/1432375/
http://nature.desktopnexus.com/wallpaper/1414891/
http://www.undv.org/vesak2013/en/aboutundv.phpwith metta,
Bhanteji
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Attachment(s) from vinaya rakkhita
1 of 1 Photo(s)
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Story of each Vesak Celebrations
History of UN Day of Vesak Celebrations
International Council of the United Nations Day of Vesak
International Association of Buddhist Universities
Officers and Location
Background & Objectives
on The International Celebration on the Occasion of United Nations Day of Vesak
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International Buddhist Conference on the United Nations Day of
Vesak At Conference Hall Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University,
Main Campus, Wang Noi, Ayutthaya and United Nations Conference Centre,
Bangkok, The Kingdom of Thailand 31 May – 02 June 2012 /2555
Participants : 5,000 Buddhist leaders, scholars, delegates and observers from all over the world are expected to attend the conference.
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International Buddhist Conference on the United Nations Day of
Vesak At Conference Hall Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University,
Main Campus, Wang Noi, Ayutthaya and United Nations Conference Centre,
Bangkok, The Kingdom of Thailand 12-14 May 2011/2554
Participants : 5,000 Buddhist leaders, scholars, delegates and observers from all over the world are expected to attend the conference.
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International Buddhist Conference on the United Nations Day of
Vesak At Conference Hall Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University,
Main Campus, Wang Noi, Ayutthaya and United Nations Conference Centre,
Bangkok, The Kingdom of Thailand 23-25 May 2553/2010
Participants : 5,000 Buddhist leaders, scholars, delegates and observers from all over the world are expected to attend the conference.
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International Buddhist Conference on the United Nations Day of
Vesak At Conference Hall Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University,
Main Campus, Wang Noi, Ayutthaya and United Nations Conference Centre,
Bangkok, The Kingdom of Thailand 4-6 May 2552/2009
Participants : Over 2,000 Buddhist leaders, scholars and delegates from all over the world are expected to attend the conference.
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Between 18-19 May 2008, Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya
University and ICDV,hosted the 2nd International Buddhist Conference on
the United Nations Day of Vesak at Buddhamonthon Conference Hall ,
Nakhon Pathom Province, The Kingdom of Thailand.
Emphasis : The emphasis of the conference was to
promote and support sustainable development; resolve that Buddhamonthon,
The Kingdom of Thailand should be recognized as the Center of world
Buddhism; play a leading role in coordinating between Buddhist
institutions and in promoting and sharing Dhamma resources.
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Between 26 – 29 May 2007, Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, in
conjunction with ICDV and the Sangha Supreme Council hosted the 4th
International Buddhist Conference on the United Nations Day of Vesak at
Buddhamonthon, Nakhon Pathom Province, and at the United Nations
Conference Centre in Bangkok, The Kingdom of Thailand.
Participants : Over 2000 Buddhist leaders, scholars and delegates from all over the world are expected to attend the conference.
Emphasis : This year’s conference emphasizes Buddhism
and good governance, and marks the Auspicious Occasion of His Majesty
King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 80th Birthday Anniversary.
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Between 7 – 10 May 2006, Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya
University and ICDV, in conjunction with the Sangha Supreme Council and
the Thai Government hosted the 3rd International Buddhist Conference on
the United Nations Day of Vesak at Buddhamonthon, Nakhon Pathom
Province, and at the United Nations Conference Centre in Bangkok, The
Kingdom of Thailand.
Emphasis : The conference emphasized world peace,
cooperation between all schools of Buddhism, sustainable development,
and the sufficiency-economy theories of H.M.King Bhumibol.
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Between 18-21 May 2005, Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya
University and ICDV,hosted the 2nd International Buddhist Conference on
the United Nations Day of Vesak at Buddhamonthon Conference Hall ,
Nakhon Pathom Province, The Kingdom of Thailand.
Emphasis : The emphasis of the conference was to
promote and support sustainable development; resolve that Buddhamonthon,
The Kingdom of Thailand should be recognized as the Center of world
Buddhism; play a leading role in coordinating between Buddhist
institutions and in promoting and sharing Dhamma resources.
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On 25 May 2004, Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University and ICDV
held the World Buddhist Leaders Conference on International Recognition
of the Day of Vesak at Buddhamonthon Conference Hall , Nakhon Pathom
Province, The Kingdom of Thailand.
Emphasis : The emphasis of the conference was to study,
practice, propagate and protect Buddhism and to jointly organize the
Vesak Day celebration at the United Nations Headquaters and at the UN
regional offices.
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Friends:
At this Fullmoon Day do all Buddhas Awaken:
24th May 2013 Vesak Day celebrates birth, Enlightenment, and passing away
of the Buddha Gotama. Rejoice! Keep clean, calm, cool, clever, and caring…
About this Buddhist Vesak Festival: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesak
This May full moon also celebrates the Buddha’s third visit to Sri Lanka in
the eighth year after his Enlightenment, where he journeyed to Kelaniya on
the invitation of the Nāga King Maniakkhika (Mahavamsa i,72ff.).
The day also celebrates the crowning of king Devānampiyatissa (Mhv.Xi.42),
and the laying of the foundation stone of the Mahā Stūpa (Mhv.Xxix.1)
Please Remember:
At this very May full moon in year 528 BC the Blessed Buddha awakened
by completely perfect and utterly unsurpassable self-Enlightenment!
At that time a girl named Sujata Senani lived in Uruvela. When adult she
prayed before a certain Banyan tree, that she might get a good husband
equal to herself in caste & that her firstborn may be a son. Her prayer was
successful. Since indeed it did happen. At the full moon day of the Wesak
month, she rose at early dawn and milked the cows. As soon as new buckets
were placed under the cows, the milk poured spontaneously in streams all by
itself! Seeing this miracle, she knew something special was happening!
That same night the Future Buddha dreamt 5 dreams making him conclude:
“Surely, truly, without any doubt, today I will reach perfect Enlightenment!”
His 5 colored radiance illuminated the whole tree. Then Sujata came and
offered the cooked milk rice into the hands of this Great Being.
Later a local grass-cutter came going with a bundle of grass just harvested
from nearby. He offered the Great Being 8 handfuls of Kusa grass, when he
saw that this Sage was a Holy Man. The Future Buddha accepted the grass
and proceeded to the foot of the Bodhi-tree. Reaching the imperturbable
Eastern side, where all the Buddhas take their seat, he sat down saying to
himself: This is the immovable spot, where all the prior supreme Buddhas
have planted themselves! This is the place for destroying this net of desire!
Then the Future Buddha turned his back to the trunk and thus faced east.
Right there, he then resolutely settled on this mighty decision:
Let just blood and flesh of this body dry up & let skin and sinews fall from
the bones. I will not leave this seat before having attained the absolute and
Supreme Self-Enlightenment!
So determined did he seat himself in this unconquerable seat, from which
not a 100 lightning strikes could make him waver. At this very moment
the rebel deity Mara -The Evil One- raised exclaiming: Prince Siddhattha will
pass beyond my power, but I will never allow it! And sounding the Mara’s war
shout, he summoned his mighty army for battle. Then Mara warned his evil
militia: This Sakyamuni, son of Suddhodana, is far greater than any other
man, so we will never succeed to fight him up front. We must thus attack
him from the rear. Frustrated, being unable even to touch this big wielder
of power also with 9 mighty hurricanes of wind, rain, rocks, weapons, red
coals, hot ashes, sand, mud, and darkness Mara somewhat in panic shouted
at his army: “Why do you all stand still? Seize, kill & drive away this prince!”
Mara then yelled: “Siddhattha, leave this seat. It is not yours, but mine!”
Hearing this, the Well-gone One replied: Mara, neither have you fulfilled the
10 perfections to the third degree, nor have you given the 5 great donations.
Neither have you striven for insight, nor for the welfare of all the world,
nor for supreme self-enlightenment! Therefore does this very seat surely
not belong to you, but truly indeed only to me. Suddenly overpowered by fear
Mara’s followers fled helter-skelter in all directions. No two went in the
same direction, but leaving their weapons in a chaos, they all fled terrified
by metaphysical panic. Seeing them flee thus, the great assembly of deities
triumphantly shouted: Mara is defeated. Prince Siddhattha has won! Let us
celebrate this truly sublime, wonderful and unique victory! It was before
the sun had set that the Tathagata conquered Mara and defeated his army.
That same night, after having bathed, while the Bo tree rained red sprigs onto
his robe, The Consummate One gained knowledge of his prior lives during the
1st watch of the night: “With the mind thus concentrated, purified, bright,
unified, focused, tractable, compliant, steady & imperturbable, I directed
mind to remembrance of my past lives. I recollected many past lives, i.e., one
re-birth, two…five, ten… 50, a hundred, a thousand, 100 thousand, many eons
of cosmic contraction, & many eons of cosmic expansion: There I had such
a name, belonged to such a clan & species, had such a body. Such was my food,
such my life of pleasures and pains. Such was the end of my life. Passing away
from that state, I re-arose there. There I had such name, belonged to such
a sort & family, had such a form. Such was my food, such my experience of
pleasures & pains. Such was the end of my life. Passing away from that state,
I re-arose here. Thus I remembered my various past lives in all their various
modes and manifold details. This was the first knowledge I attained in the
first watch of the night. Ignorance was destroyed; the knowledge arose;
darkness was destroyed; light arose as happens in one who is alert, aware,
and determined. But the very pleasant feeling that arose by this did neither
invade my mind, nor remain. With the mind thus concentrated, purified, bright,
intact, pliant, malleable, steady, and totally imperturbable, I directed it to
the knowledge of the passing away and reappearance of beings. I saw by
means of the divine eye, purified & surpassing the human eye! I saw beings
passing away & re-appearing, and I realized how & why they are high or low,
beautiful or ugly, fortunate and unfortunate all in exact accordance with
the intentions of their prior actions: These beings who were endowed with
bad behaviour of body, speech, and mind, who reviled the Noble Ones, held
wrong views & acted under the influence of wrong views, with the break-up
of the body, after death, have re-appeared in the plane of misery, the bad
painful destination, the lower realms, even in hell. But the beings who were
gifted with good behaviour of body, speech and mind, who did not revile the
Noble Ones, who held right views and acted under the influence of right
views after the break-up of the body, after the death, have re-appeared in
happy destinations, even in a divine world! Thus by means of the divine eye,
purified and surpassing the human I saw beings passing away & re-appearing,
all in accordance with their particular mixture of good and bad kamma…
But the satisfaction that arose here did neither invade my mind, nor remain.
With the mind thus concentrated and completely absorbed, I then directed
it towards understanding the ending of mental fermentation. I realized how
it actually comes to be, that:
This is Suffering…
Such is the Cause of Suffering…
Such is the End of Suffering…
Such is the Way to End Suffering…
Such was the mental fermentations…
Such is the Cause of mental fermentation…
Such is the End of mental fermentation…
Such is the Way leading to the end of mental fermentation.
When my mind saw that, it was instantly freed of the fermentation of all
sense-desire, it was released from the fermentation of becoming, and it
became fully uncovered from the fermentation of ignorance. Thus fully and
perfectly Enlightened - The Buddha - perceiving this immense glory, spoke
these 2 solemn verses, which never has been omitted by any of countless
billions of prior Buddhas:
Through this round of countless existences have I searched, but yet failed
to find “the Creator”, who framed this construction: What Suffering indeed
is such endless birth, ageing, decay, sickness and ever repeated death!
Now I see that “the Constructor” of this structure is Craving…!!! Never shall
this construction be built again, since all the rafters are shattered and the
main beam is busted and completely broken… At this calming of all Craving,
the mind was finally, irreversibly and ultimately stilled…
Then, friends, this revelation of certainty arose in me: This release is indeed
immutable, this is the very last rebirth, this endless reappearance has finally
come to a happy end… Nibbāna is verily the Highest Bliss!
About Absolute Awakening!
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/library/DPPN/b/buddha.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/library/DPPN/g/gotama.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/library/DPPN/s/sujaataa.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/library/DPPN/b/bodhisatta.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/library/DPPN/wtb/b_f/bodhi.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/library/DPPN/b/bodhirukka.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/library/DPPN/b/bodhimanda.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/library/DPPN/wtb/s_t/sammaa_sambodhi.htm
Good Picture video of the Gotama Buddha’s life:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UrrmOR9suvc
Source:
The Jātaka Nidāna. The story of Gotama Buddha.
Tr. by N.A. Jayawickrama, Pali Text Society 1990.
http://www.pariyatti.com/book.cgi?prod_id=132935
VESAK FESTIVAL VIDEO, COLOMBO 2011:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RLScBZ1tW0A
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7eunH6Dh2mM
Happy Vesak to All Beings!
Friendship is the Greatest!
http://in-mg61.mail.yahoo.com/neo/launch#mail
Dear JC,
Good morning.
Hope things are fine at religious, political and home fronts.
I appreciate and acknowledge receipt of your recent valuable Mails.
out of so you had been sending meticulously.
- 3d street pictures- Hats off to the artist for his brilliance.
- Banta and Beer
The latest covering the wonderful and World Famous Budha statues
and most importantly the concise brief life history of lord Budha
on the eve of Budha Poornima.
Thanks once again.
with warm regards.
Dr Bala
MISUSE OF EVM _ PART -12
•
• New voter verifiable paper trail (VVPT) machines to replace the EVMs, following doubts that it could be tampered.Voting Machines are “Calculators which can be manipulated by computer softwares”. New Machines are ordered by EC, where a paper slip will come out with EVM voting which will be then deposited in a box. What is the use? Paper Slip will show that voter has casted vote for “Party A”, but calculator software will add vote to “Party B”! The Computers are programmable. No use for such fake paper slips. In Superior Courts it has been demonstrated how these computers can be manipulated and how it can be pre-programmed to make sure victory to one candidate during election. The EVM machines have killed Democracy and have all the potentials to do so. The ruling castes are manipulating EVMs to make sure victory to them depriving the dipressed classes to enable them to acquire the MASTER KEY that can unlock all doors of progress to the entire people.
•
• Under such circumstances the following exposure by media had no relevance during the last Karnataka Assembly Elections 2013 where the Congress won and the trend will continue in the forth coming General Elections until the Superior Court and the upholders of Democracy including the free and fair media.
7.2 Open Source Business Models and the Voting Systems Market
The larger information technology and services sector has seen a substantial growth in business activity directly or indirectly tied to open source software. Is disclosed and open source software something that would naturally arise in the voting systems market? The voting technology market and regulatory environment are sufficiently distinct that a direct translation of current open source business models is questionable. Here, we cover what business models from other open source business endeavors might be applicable in the voting systems market. In Section , we highlight some barriers to entry and ongoing business that such an enterprise might face.
A few ways to make money off of open source software used in the IT sector might apply to the business environment surrounding voting systems. Firms such as 10X Software make money off of integrating IT systems into operating environments. A similar idea could be extended to voting, where a system integrator would incorporate open source voting system software and voting hardware to produce a voting solution for a state or local jurisdiction. Some firms, such as Wild Open Source, structure their business around targeted development of open source software. A software firm could be hired by a jurisdiction to add, fix or modify certain features of an open source voting system to their own specifications. This could ensure that specific functionality, such as supporting Instant Runoff Voting, was available in the technology that the customer was going to purchase. This also has the benefit that a feature could be added to the software before the open source voting system as a whole was certified and minimize the costs of having to re-certify a base system with the contracted modifications. Dual licensing is where a company offers the same software under two different software licenses, usually one being free software or open source and the other being a commercial license.76This can allow their product to benefit from some aspects of open source development while also allowing their customers, commercial and non-commercial, flexibility in their licensing options. For example, MySQL AB offers its MySQL database software freely under the terms of the GNU GPL, but also allows companies to purchase commercial licenses that permit them to deviate from the terms of the GPL. In the voting systems context, a vendor could offer its software for free under a disclosed or open source license, but then charge commercial users to build variants. Companies could use the open source software simply to sell their hardware. That is, with open source software running their voting hardware, they can devote more resources to ensuring that their voting hardware is innovative and as cutting-edge and economical as their customers demand. For example, to concentrate their efforts at selling their high-quality hardware, Apple computer has embraced open source software as the core of their Mac OS X operating system.77
Some ways that companies use to make money off of open source do not translate well to the voting systems market. For example, Google’s business strategy involves running optimized web search services on server clusters running the Linux operating system. Given the concerns and problems with networking in election systems, it would be difficult for a company to make money off of running open source voting software remotely. IBM sells proprietary software that works on top of or in concert with open source software. A company that tried to do this in the voting market would have to marshal each version of its software package through certification, and then it would only be partially open as a whole.
(Sekhiyà)
Ime kho panàyasmanto sekhiyà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 488] [\x 488/]
Sekh 1: (Parimaõóalasikkhàpadaü) : 31
Parimaõóalaü nivàsessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 490] [\x 490/]
Sekh 2:
Parimaõóalaü pàrupissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 3: (Suppañichannasikkhàpadaü):
Supañicchanno antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 4:
Supañicchanno antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 492] [\x 492/]
Sekh 5: (Susaüvutasikkhàpadaü):
Susaüvuto antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 6:
Susaüvuto antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 7: (Okkhittacakkhusikkhàpadaü):
Okkhittacakkhu antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 494] [\x 494/]
Sekh 8:
Okkhittacakkhu antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 9: (Ukkhittakasikkhàpadaü):
Na ukkhittakàya antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 10:
Na ukkhittakàya antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Parimaõóalavaggo pañhamo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 496] [\x 496/]
Sekh 11: (Ujjhagghikasikkhàpadaü):
Na ujjagghikàya antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 12:
Na ujjagghikàya antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 13: (Uccasaddàsikkhàpadaü):
Appasaddo antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 498] [\x 498/]
Sekh 14:
Appasaddo antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 15: (Kàyappacàlakàdisikkhàpadaü):
Na kàyappacàlakaü antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 16:
Na kàyappacàlakaü antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 500] [\x 500/]
Sekh 17: (Bàhuppacàlakasikkhàpadaü):
Na bàhuppacàlakaü antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 18:
Na bàhuppacàlakaü antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 19: (Sãsappacàlakasikkhàpadaü):
Na sãsappacàlakaü antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 502] [\x 502/]
Sekh 20:
Na sãsappacàlakaü antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Ujjagghiakavaggo dutiyo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 504] [\x 504/]
Sekh 21: (Khambhakatasikkhàpadaü):
Na khambhakato antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 22:
Na khambhakato antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 23: (Oguõñhitasikkhàpadaü):
Na oguõñhito antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 506] [\x 506/]
Sekh 24:
Na oguõñhito antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 25: (Ukkuñikasikkhàpadaü):
Na ukkuñikàya antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 26: (Pallatthikasikkhàpadaü):
Na pallatthikàya antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 508] [\x 508/]
Sekh 27: (Sakkaccapañiggahaõasikkhàpadaü):
Sakkaccaü piõóapàtaü pañiggahessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 28: (Pattasa¤¤ãpañiggahaõasikkhàpadaü):
Pattasa¤¤ã piõóapàtaü pañiggahessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 29: (Samasåpakapañiggahaõasikkhàpadaü):
Samasåpakaü piõóapàtaü pañiggahessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 510] [\x 510/]
Sekh 30: (Samatittikasikkhàpadaü):
Samatittikaü piõóapàtaü pañiggahessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Khambhakavaggo tatiyo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 512] [\x 512/]
Sekh 31: (Sakkaccabu¤janasikkhàpadaü):
Sakkaccaü piõóapàtaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 32: (Pattasa¤¤ãbhu¤janasikkhàpadaü):
Pattasa¤¤ã piõóapàtaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 33: (Sapadànasikkhàpadaü):
Sapadànaü piõóapàtaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 514] [\x 514/]
Sekh 34: (Samasåpakasikkhàpadaü):
Samasåpakaü piõóapàtaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 35: (Nathåpakatasikkhàpadaü):
Na thåpato 32 omadditvà piõóapàtaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 36: (Odanappañicchàdanasikkhàpadaü):
Na såpaü và bya¤janaü và odanena pañicchàdessàmi bhãyokamyataü 33 upàdàyàti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 516] [\x 516/]
Sekh 37: (Såpodanavi¤¤attisikkhàpadaü):
Na såpaü và odanaü và agilàno attano atthàya vi¤¤àpetvà bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 38: (Ujjhànasa¤¤ãsikkhàpadaü):
Na ujjhànasa¤¤ã paresaü pattaü olokessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 39: (Kabaëasikkhàpadaü):
Nàtimahantaü kabaëaü karissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 520] [\x 520/]
Sekh 40: (âlopasikkhàpadaü):
Parimaõóalaü àlopaü karissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sakkaccavaggo catuttho
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 522] [\x 522/]
Sekh 41: (Anàhañasikkhàpadaü):
Na anàhañe kabaëe mukhadvàraü vivarissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 42: (Bhu¤jamànasikkhàpadaü):
Na bhu¤jamàno sabbaü hatthaü mukhe pakkhipissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 43: (Sakabaëasikkhàpadaü):
Na sakabaëena mukhena byàharissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 524] [\x 524/]
Sekh 44: (Piõóukkhepakasikkhàpadaü):
Na piõóukkhepakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 45: (Kabaëavacchedakasikkhàpadaü):
Na kabaëàvacchedakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 46: (Avagaõóakàrakasikkhàpadaü):
Na avagaõóakàrakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 526] [\x 526/]
Sekh 47: (Hatthaniddhunakasikkhàpadaü):
Na hatthaniddhunakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, 34 sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 48: (Sitthàvakàrakasikkhàpadaü):
Na sitthàvakàrakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 49: (Jivhànicchàrakasikkhàpadaü):
Na jivhànicchàrakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 528] [\x 528/]
Sekh 50: (Capucapukàrakasikkhàpadaü):
Na capucapukàrakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Kabaëavaggo pa¤camo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 530] [\x 530/]
Sekh 51: (Surusurukàrakasikkhàpadaü):
Na surusurukàrakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 52: (Hatthanillehakàdisikkhàpadaü):
Na hatthanillehakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 532] [\x 532/]
Sekh 53: (Pattanillehakasikkhàpadaü):
Na pattanillehakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, 35 sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 54: (Oññhanillehakasikkhàpadaü):
Na oññhanillehakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 534] [\x 534/]
Sekh 55: (Sàmisasikkhàpadaü):
Na sàmisena hatthena pànãyathàlakaü pañiggahessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 536] [\x 536/]
Sekh 56: (Sasitthakasikkhàpadaü):
Na sasitthakaü pattadhovanaü antaraghare chaóóessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 538] [\x 538/]
Sekh 57: (Chattapàõisikkhàpadaü):
Na chattapàõissa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, 36 sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 58: (Daõóapàõisikkhàpadaü):
Na daõóapàõissa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 540] [\x 540/]
Sekh 59: (Satthapàõisikkhàpadaü):
Na satthapàõissa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 60: (âyudhapàõisikkhàpadaü):
Na àyudhapàõissa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Surusuruvaggo chaññho
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 542] [\x 542/]
Sekh 61: (Pàdukasikkhàpadaü):
Na pàdukàråëhassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 62: (Upàhanasikkhàpadaü):
Na upàhanàråëhassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 63: (Yànasikkhàpadaü):
Na yànagatassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 544] [\x 544/]
Sekh 64: (Sayanasikkhàpadaü):
Na sayanagatassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 65: (Pallatthikasikkhàpadaü):
Na pallatthikàya nisinnassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 66: (Veñhitasikkhàpadaü):
Na veñhitasãsassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 546] [\x 546/]
Sekh 67: (Oguõñhitasikkhàpadaü):
Na oguõñhitasãsassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 68: (Chamàsikkhàpadaü):
Na chamàya nisãditvà àsane nisinnassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 548] [\x 548/]
Sekh 69: (Nãcàsanasikkhàpadaü):
Na nãce àsane nisãditvà ucce àsane nisinnassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 550] [\x 550/]
Sekh 70: (òhitasikkhàpadaü):
Na ñhito nisinnassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 71: (Pacchatogamanasikkhàpadaü):
Na pacchato gacchanto purato gacchantassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 72: (Uppathenagamanasikkhàpadaü):
Na uppathena gacchanto pathena gacchantassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 552] [\x 552/]
Sekh 73: (òhito-uccàrasikkhàpadaü):
Na ñhito agilàno uccàraü và passàvaü và karissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 74: (Harite-uccàrasikkhàpadaü):
Na harite agilàno uccàraü và passàvaü và kheëaü và karissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 554] [\x 554/]
Sekh 75: (Udake-uccàrasikkhàpadaü):
Na udake agilàno uccàraü và passàvaü và kheëaü và karissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Pàdukavaggo sattamo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 556] [\x 556/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto sekhiyà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Sekhiyà niññhità
(Adhikaraõasamathà)
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 588] [\x 588/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto satta adhikaraõasamathà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
Uppannuppannànaü adhikaraõànaü samathàya våpasamàya:
1: Sammukhàvinayo dàtabbo.
2: Sativinayo dàtabbo.
3: Amåëhavinayo dàtabbo.
4: Pañi¤¤àya kàretabbaü.
5: Yebhuyyasikà.
6: Tassapàpiyyasikà.
7: Tiõavatthàrakoti.
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto satta adhikaraõasamathà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Adhikaraõasamathà Niññhità
Uddiññhaü kho àyasmanto nidànaü.
Uddiññhà cattàro pàràjikà dhammà.
Uddiññhà terasa saïghàdisesà dhammà.
Uddiññhà dve aniyatà dhammà.
Uddiññhà tiüsa nissaggiyà pàcittiyà dhammà
Uddiññhà dvenavuti pàcittiyà dhammà.
Uddiññhà cattàro pàñidesanãyà dhammà.
Uddiññhà sekhiyà dhammà.
Uddiññhà satta adhikaraõasamathà dhammà.
Ettakaü tassa Bhagavato suttàgataü suttapariyàpannaü anvaddhamàsaü
uddesaü àgacchati. Tattha sabbeheva samaggehi sammodamànehi
avivadamànehi sikkhitabbaü.
Bhikkhupàtimokkhaü niññhitaü
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi Home Page
âràdhanà (Nidànuddeso)
(Pàràjikuddeso) (Saïghàdisesuddeso)
(Aniyatuddeso) (Nissaggiyapàcittiyà)
(Suddhapàcittiyà) (Pàñidesanãyà)
(Sekhiyà) (Adhikaraõasamathà)
Word Index
End Notes
29 Editor’s note: BJT omits this title by mistake. The Pàñidesanãya rules are listed only as Pañhama-, Dutiya-, etc. there being no distinctive titles for these training rules either in BJT or ChS.
30 BJT note: Ekassa ce pi - ChS
31 Editor’s note: BJT has no distinctive titles for the Sekhiya training rules, they are listed there as Pañhama-, Dutiya-, etc. up to Dasama-, after which they start again with Pañhama-.
As the titles serve a useful function as mnemonics they have been
inserted here following the ChS editon of the Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi. At
the beginning of this section as the rules generally come in pairs no
title for the second rule is given.
32 BJT note: Thåpakato - ChS.
33 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhãyyokamyataü, but it’s normal practice is to write these forms as bhãyo- etc.
34 Editor’s note: BJT, bhu¤jissàmi-ti, printer’s error.
35 Editor’s note: BJT, bhå¤jissàmã-ti, printer’s error.
36 Editor’s note: BJT, desessàmi-ti, here but desissàmã-ti elsewhere.
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi Home Page
âràdhanà (Nidànuddeso)
(Pàràjikuddeso) (Saïghàdisesuddeso)
(Aniyatuddeso) (Nissaggiyapàcittiyà)
(Suddhapàcittiyà) (Pàñidesanãyà)
(Sekhiyà) (Adhikaraõasamathà)
Word Index
Filed under:
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வினயபிடக
Posted by:
@ 2:32 am
929 LESSON 24-05-2013 FRIDAY-FREE ONLINE eNālāndā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY-Celebrates Buddha Poornima on 24-05-2013 at 6.00 PM on 24-05-2013 at Head Office 668 5thA main Road, 8th Cross HAL 3rd Stage Bangalore-560075
Program:
Meditation
Distribution of sweets
Chief Guest
Mr.Kodandaram
on 25-05-2013
Distribution of Mangoes for Monks
at Mahabodhi Society
Gandhinagar
Bangalore
Please watch:
http://archive.org/details/BuddhasLifeAnimation2007Thai_201303
for
Buddha’s Life Animation ( 2007) Thai (March 25, 2013)
Buddha life Cartoon Animation
1Hr. 38 Mins
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e5-LTjS-BOI
for
indira joshi tutyo tara akashma buddha purnima 2013
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UuWYdYR-tpY
for
ghatu nach buddha purnima 2013 uk magar sangh
http://publicholiday.org/calendar/vesak-wesak/
Vesak Day 2013 – Wesak Day 2013
2013 Vesak / 2013 Wesak Celebration
In Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Hong Kong, Thailand, Cambodia, Taiwan, Vietnam, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, and India
Vesak is an annual public holiday observed traditionally by
practicing Buddhists in South Asian and South East Asian countries like
Nepal, Singapore, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka,
Myanmar, Indonesia, Pakistan and India. Sometimes informally called
“Buddha’s birthday”, it actually encompasses the birth, enlightenment
Nirvana, and passing (Parinirvana) of Gautama Buddha.
When Is Vesak 2013 / Wesak 2013?
Vesak Day 2013
When is Vesak Day 2013? Vesak Day 2013 falls on Friday, 24 May 2013,
which is the 15th day in the 4th month of Chinese lunar calendar.
However, some countries observes the Vesak Day 2013 on different dates.
Date Of Vesak Day
Vesak 2013 is celebrated by Buddhist around the world, and in different
manners all over the world. Though some countries occasionally use
different date for this festival, many would fall on the same day.
The exact date of Vesak Day varies according to the various lunar
calendars used in different countries and traditions. In Theravada
countries following the Buddhist calendar, it falls on the full moon
Uposatha day (typically the 5th or 6th lunar month). Vesak Day in China,
Hong Kong and Macau is on the eighth of the fourth month in the Chinese
lunar calendar.
Thus the date varies from year to year, but as general consensus in many countries, falls on the full-month day in May.
The decision to agree to celebrate the Vesak as the Buddha?s birthday
was formalized at the first Conference of the World Fellowship of
Buddhists held in Sri Lanka in 1950, although festivals at this time in
the Buddhist world are a centuries-old tradition. The Resolution that
was adopted at the World Conference reads as follows:
“That this Conference of the World Fellowship of Buddhists, while
recording its appreciation of the gracious act of His Majesty, the
Maharaja of Nepal in making the full-moon day of Vesak a Public Holiday
in Nepal, earnestly requests the Heads of Governments of all countries
in which large or small number of Buddhists are to be found, to take
steps to make the full-moon day in the month of May a Public Holiday in
honour of the Buddha, who is universally acclaimed as one of the
greatest benefactors of Humanity.”
Vesak Day Around The World
Vesak Day is often referred to with other names in each country.
Official names of Vesak Day are Ves?kha, Vesak, Wesak, Waisak, Visakah
Puja, Vaishaka, Buddha Purnima, Visakha Bucha, Saga Dawa, ?? (fó dàn),
Ph?t ??n, and ?????????
In Mahayana Buddhist traditions, the holiday is known by its Sanskrit
name, ????? Vai??kha, and derived variants of it. Ves?kha is known as
Vesak or Wesak (???) in the Sinhalese language.
It is also known as:
* ????? ????????/????? ???????? Buddha Purnima or ????? ?????/????? ??????? Buddha Jayanti in India, Bangladesh and Nepal
* ?? (Hanamatsuri) in Japan,
* ?? ??? Seokka Tanshin-il (Hanja: ?????) in Korean (Korea),
* ?? (Mandarin: Fódàn, Cantonese: F?tdàahn) in Chinese-speaking communities in China, Singapore, Taiwan.
* Ph?t ??n in Vietnamese (Vietnam),
* ????????? Saga Dawa (sa ga zla ba) in Tibetan (Tibet),
* (Kasone la-pyae Boda nei), lit. “Full Moon Day of Kason,” the second month of the traditional Burmese calendar (Burma)
* ????????? Visak Bochéa in Khmer (Cambodia),
* ??????? Vixakha Bouxa in Laotian (Laos)
* ???????????? Visakah Puja, Vesakha Puja, or Visakha Bucha in Thai (Thailand),
* Waisak in Indonesia,
* ????? ???????? ??? Vesak / Wesak in Sri Lanka and Malaysia
Singapore Vesak 2013
The Vesak Day is an extremely important occasion observed in Singapore.
Huge crowds will usually assemble at various Buddhist temples around the
city. Inside the Buddha temples the monks chant sacred hymns and a
large number of devotees set caged-birds free. Setting the imprisoned
birds free is considered as a graceful gesture which serves as a mark of
respect to all living creatures in the world. On this day, Singapore
Buddhist youths organize blood donation camps and distribute gifts to
the poor people. During the evenings, candlelit processions are found
walking across the streets of Singapore and this is how the festival is
ended.
You can observe the Vesak Day festival in Singapore for free as
people can enter the temples free of charge. Some of the best points in
the city for observing the festivities of Vesak Day in Singapore are the
Buddhist Lodge at River Valley Road, The Thai Buddhist Temple at Jalan
Bukit Merah and Lian Shan Shuang Lin Temple at Jalan Toa Payoh.
The Singapore Vesak Day is always celebrated in the month of May and
is a yearly event. Vesak 2013 is celebrated on Friday, 24 May 2013 in
Singapore.
Hari Waisak 2013 In Indonesia
Hari Waisak celebrations in Indonesia generally follows the decision of The World Fellowship of Buddhists.
Hari Waisak 2013 in Indonesia will be celebrated on Saturday, 25 May
2013. Traditionally, the celebration is focused nationally on the
complex of Borobudur Temple in Central Java.
Rituals of national Waisak (Vesak) celebration in Indonesia usually observe following ceremonies:
1. Taking blessed water from the spring of Jumprit in Temanggung Country
and torch ignition with the eternal flame of Mrapen, Grobogan County.
2. “Pindatapa” ritual, a ritual of giving food to the monks by the
congregation to remind that the monks had devoted his life without
livelihoods.
3. Meditation on the peak of the full moon. Determination of the full
moon is based on the calculation of astronomy, so that the peak of the
full moon can also occur during the daytime.
Besides the three main ceremonies, other Waisak ceremonies that were also conducted are pradaksina, parades, and art events.
2013 Wesak Day in Malaysia
Wesak Day is the most important festivals of the Buddhists in Malaysia
and fall in the month of May. In Malaysia, 2013 Wesak (Vesak) Day will
be celebrated on Friday, 24 May 2013.
Vesak is celebrated to commemorate the birth, enlightenment and death
of Lord Buddha because according to Buddhists, all the three events
took place on the same lunar date.
The Wesak day celebrations begins much before the dawn when the
Malaysian Buddhist devotees gather in Buddhist temples for worship all
over Malaysia. The Buddhists will then hoist the Buddhist flag and sing
hymns in praise of the holy triple gem namely; The Buddha, The Dharma
(his teachings) and The Sangha (his disciples). The celebration is done
with prayers, chants, offerings and giving alms. Simple offerings are
also brought to the temple such as flowers while prayers using candles
and joss-sticks are used.
The Buddhist eat a vegetarian diet prior to the festival in order to
cleanse and purify themselves. Animals such as doves and tortoises are
released by the Malaysian Buddhist devotees on the Wesak Day as a
symbolic gesture of releasing the soul and giving up the past sins.
Besides that, this particular act is also seen as a way of giving
freedom for those that are held against their will or being tortured.
Free meals are also given to the needy on the Wesak Day.
Wesak 2013 in Sri Lanka
In Sri Lanka the Wesak Festival is celebrated as a religious and a
cultural festival in Sri Lanka on the full moon of the month of May, for
two days. In Sri Lanka, Wesak 2013 will be celebrated from Friday, 24
May 2013 to Saturday, 25 May 2013.
During these two days, the selling of alcohol and flesh is prohibited
by government decree. As a symbolic act of liberation, birds, insects
and animals are released in huge numbers.
Celebrations include various religious and alms giving activities.
Electrically lit pandols called toranas are erected in various locations
in Colombo and elsewhere, most sponsored by donors, religious societies
and welfare groups. Each pandol illustrates a story from the 550 Jataka
Katha or the 550 Past Life Stories of the Buddha.
In addition, colourful lanterns called Vesak koodu are hung along
streets and in front of homes. They signify the light of the Buddha,
Dharma and the Sangha. Many devout Buddhists wear simple white dresses
on Vesak Day and spend the whole day in temples with renewed
determination to observe the observance of the Eight Precepts of
Buddhism.
Vesak celebration also means making special efforts to bring
happiness to the people in more straightened circumstances. Food stalls
set up by Buddhist devotees called dansälas provide free food and drinks
to passersby. Groups of people from various community organisations,
businesses and government departments sing bhakti gee or Buddhist
devotional songs. Colombo experiences a massive influx of public from
all parts of the country during this week.
2013 Buddha Purnima in India
In India, Vesak Day is known as Buddha Purnima. On this day,
Buddhists do not eat meat. This is considered an act of compassion
towards animals. People are encouraged to perform other acts of kindness
such as sharing food with the poor. Some people even set up road stalls
providing free, clean drinking water. Buddha Purnima 2013 will be
celebrated on Saturday, 25 May 2013 in India.
Birth of Buddha or Tathagata is celebrated in India, especially in
Sikkim, Ladakh , Arunachal Pradesh, Bodh Gaya and Maharashtra (where 6%
of total population are Buddhists) and other parts of India as per
Indian calendar. Buddhist People go to common Viharas to observe a
rather longer-than-usual, full-length Buddhist sutra, as something like a
service. The usual dress is pure white. Non-vegetarian food is normally
avoided. Kheer, a sweet rice porridge is commonly served to recall the
story of Sujata, a maiden who, in Gautama Buddha’s life, offered the
Buddha a bowl of milk porridge.
The Buddhists bathe and dress only in white clothes. They gather in
their viharas (monasteries) before sunrise to worship Buddha, offer alms
to the bhikshus (monks), hoist the Buddhist flag, and sing hymns
admiring the sacred triple treasure: The Buddha, The Dharma (his
teachings), and The Sangha (his disciples).
Many devotees offer flowers, candles, and joss sticks at the feet of
the monks. Such a ritual allows a Buddhist to reflect on the truth that
just as the magnificent flowers shrink and the candles and joss sticks
burn out in short time, our life span is too short and will decay soon.
Several followers listen to the continuous speech on the life and
preaching of the Buddha throughout the day or request monks to come to
their homes. Buddhist monks recite 2500 years old verses obtained from
Buddha and urge people to respect other religions.
2013 Hanamatsuri in Japan
In Japan, Ves?kha or hanamatsuri (??) is also known as: Kanbutsu-e
(???), Goutan-e (???), Busshou-e (???), Yokubutsu-e (???), Ryuge-e
(???), Hana-eshiki (???). It is not a public holiday. It is based on a
legend that a dragon appeared in the sky on his birthday and poured soma
over him.
It used to be celebrated on the 8th day of the fourth month in the
Chinese Lunar Calendar, based on one of the legends that proclaims the
day as Buddha’s birthday. At present, the celebration is observed on
April 8 of the Solar Calendar since the Meiji government adopted the
western solar calendar as the official calendar. Since the 8th day of
the fourth month in the lunar calendar commonly falls in May of the
current solar calendar, it is now celebrated about a month earlier. Thus
in Japan, 2013 Vesak Day will be celebrated on Monday, 8 April 2013.
In Japan, the general populace are not practicing Buddhists (and may
be called casual Buddhists), so most Buddhist temples provide a way to
allow the general public to celebrate and participate in only the aspect
of the day being Buddha’s birthday, providing the statue of baby Buddha
and allowing the populace to worship or pay respect by pouring ama cha,
a tea made of Hydrangea. In Buddhist temples, monasteries and
nunneries, more involved ceremonies are conducted for practicing
Buddhists, priests, monks and nuns. Also, there are public festivals
made out of the day in some areas.
2013 Visakha Bucha in Thailand
In Thailand, where majority of the population are buddhists, ach year,
the nationwide festival of Vesak Day is held to pay tribute to the
birth, enlightenment and death of Buddha. The Vesak Day will fall on
Friday, 24 May 2013, however celebrations can be seen for more than a
week.
In Thailand, people will congregate around the Buddhist temples to
pray and give thanks to the deity on the Vesak Day. Monks dressed in
their saffron robes will lead sermons and services throughout the day,
with candlelit processions often taking place once night has fallen.
2013 Buddha Poornima in Nepal
The birth of the Buddha is often celebrated by Buddhists in Nepal for
an entire month in the Buddhist calendar. The actual day is called
Buddha Poornima (or Buddha Purnima), also traditionally known as
Vaishakh Poornima. In Nepal, Buddha Poornima 2012 will fall on Friday,
25 May 2013.
The event is celebrated by gentle and serene fervour, keeping in mind
the very nature of Buddhism. People, especially women, go to common
Viharas to observe a rather longer-than-usual, full-length Buddhist
sutra, as something like a service. The usual dress is pure white.
Non-vegetarian food is normally avoided. Kheer, a sweet rice porridge is
commonly served to recall the story of Sujata, a maiden who, in Gautama
Buddha’s life, offered the Buddha a bowl of milk porridge after he had
given up the path of asceticism following six years of extreme
austerity. This event was one major link in his enlightenment.
It is said that the Buddha originally followed the way of asceticism
to attain enlightenment sooner, as was thought by many at that time. He
sat for a prolonged time with inadequate food and water, which caused
his body to shrivel so as to be indistinguishable from the bark of the
tree that he was sitting under. Seeing the weak Siddhartha Gautama, a
girl named Sujata placed a bowl of milk in front of him as an offering.
Realizing that without food one can do nothing, the Buddha refrained
from harming his own body.
2013 Buddha Birthday in China, Hongkong and Taiwan
In the Chinese speaking countries of Hongkong, China, as well as Taiwan,
the Vesak Day called Guanfo (bathing the Buddha) or Yufo (Buddha?s
birthday celebration featuring washing Buddha image with perfumed
water). The celebrations begin before sunrise and devotees throng the
temples early at dawn to meditate. Chanshi (the ceremony of chanting the
sutras and confession and prayer) is practiced by monks.
As the day progresses, Buddhist devotees visit orphanages, welfare
homes, homes for the aged and charitable institutions to distribute cash
donations and gifts to the needy. On this occasion, caged birds are
freed to symbolize humanity and compassion.
The celebration is also marked with the devotees performing the
?bathing Buddha? ritual where they held a wooden ladle and poured water
over a small statue of the Buddha. Bathing a statue of the Buddha
symbolizes a fresh start in life and the care given to newborn babies.
Legend has it that when the historical Buddha, Prince Siddhartha, was
born, there were auspicious signs heralding his birth. They describe
the sky as blue and clear on his birth, with dragons spurting purified
water to bathe him. Since then, Buddhists have celebrated his birthday
by using fragrant water to bathe the image of Buddha.
In these East Asia countries, Buddha?s birthday is celebrated in on
the eighth day of the fourth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. Thus
in 2012, the Buddha birthday falls on Friday, 17 May 2013.
2013 Buddha Birthday in South Korea
In Korea the birthday of Buddha is celebrated according to the
Lunisolar calendar. This day is called ????? (Seokga tansinil), meaning
“the day of Buddha’s birthday” or ??? ?? ? (Bucheonim osin nal) meaning
“the day when Buddha arrived”. Lotus lanterns cover the entire temple
throughout the month which are often flooded down the street. On the day
of Buddha’s birth, many temples provide free meals and tea to all
visitors. The breakfast and lunch provided are often sanchae bibimbap.
In 2013, South Korea will celebrate the Buddha Birthday on Friday, 17 May 2013.
Happy Wesak 2013 ! Happy Vesak 2013 !
http://www.nepalidirectory.com.au/events-detail.php?eventid=428
| Buddha Jayanti Lord Buddha’s 2557th Birthday Celebration 2013 |
| |
|
25-May-2013
Entrance :
free
Tamu Samaj Victoria & Tamang Society of Victoria Presents
Buddha Jayanti Lord Buddha’s 2557th Birthday Celebration 2013
Bring Your family & Friends Lets celebrate it together
Program: Buddha Puja, 108 Candle Lightning, Prasad Grahan, Tea/Coffee, Vegetarian Food
Venue & Contact Information
Venue :
Linh Son Buddhist Temple
33-35 Radford RD, Reservior 3073, Melbourne,
Victoria
Contact Person :
Tamangsocietyof Victoria
Phone :
Not Available
Email :
tamangsocietyof.victoria.73@facebook.com
Website :
Not Available |
Dakshina Kannada District Bouddha Maha Sabha will observe Buddha
Jayanthi on May 25 at Dr BR Ambedkar Bhavana on May 25. Discourse on
Buddhism will be held on this occasion under the guidance of Bodhidamma
Bhantheji from Vishwashanthi Buddha Vihar, Bangalore.Wishing all born this day of Buddha Purnima a Happy Birthday
May all be happy, well and secure
May all beings be happy
May all live long with
Calm, Quiet, Alert, Attentive and Equanimity Mind
with the understanding that every thing is changing
New voter verifiable paper trail (VVPT) machines to replace the EVMs, following doubts that it could be tampered.Voting Machines are “Calculators which can be manipulated by computer softwares”. New Machines are ordered by EC, where a paper slip will come out with EVM voting which will be then deposited in a box. What is the use? Paper Slip will show that voter has casted vote for “Party A”, but calculator software will add vote to “Party B”! The Computers are programmable. No use for such fake paper slips. In Superior Courts it has been demonstrated how these computers can be manipulated and how it can be pre-programmed to make sure victory to one candidate during election. The EVM machines have killed Democracy and have all the potentials to do so. The ruling castes are manipulating EVMs to make sure victory to them depriving the dipressed classes to enable them to acquire the MASTER KEY that can unlock all doors of progress to the entire people.
•
• Under such circumstances the following exposure by media had no relevance during the last Karnataka Assembly Elections 2013 where the Congress won and the trend will continue in the forth coming General Elections until the Superior Court and the upholders of Democracy including the free and fair media.
7 Open Source Voting Systems in the Voting Systems Market
If open source voting systems have real advantages compared to closed and disclosed source voting systems, then they should appear in the market much in the way that open source solutions have gained a substantial market presence in other areas of information technology. In this section, we review past and existing efforts to produce an open source voting system and then examine which types of existing open source business models might translate to the voting systems market.
7.1 Open Source E-Voting Projects
There have been a number of efforts to write open source voting code.69Most exist purely in software form, but three systems are used or aim to be used in actual elections: Australia’s eVACS, The Open Voting Consortium (OVC) and Open Voting Solutions (OVS).
Among international efforts,70 The Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly commissioned an electronic voting system in 2000 to be used in the 2001 assembly election.71The winning bid, from an Australian firm called Software Improvements, was chosen on the grounds of superior project and quality management as well as increased transparency, as their solution would be freely licensed under the GNU GPL license. Software Improvements designed eVACS to be used on regular PCs that were used during the rest of the year for other purposes.
Aside from the fact that it was the first officially commissioned open source voting system, there are other interesting aspects of the eVACs system. First, while being a GPL’d product, it was not a product of an open source development model; software engineers employed by Software Improvements conducted all development in a highly controlled contribution environment. In fact, when a bug was discovered in the code by outside researchers and brought to the attention of the vendor firm, they developed their own internal fix instead of accepting the outside researchers’ fix.72Second, the GPL was abandoned for the latest version of the system due to concerns of inadequate Australian legal footing73 as well as a desire of the firm to protect their intellectual property.74However, ACT Electoral Commissioner Philip Greene has said that any future work will have to support the same level of access as what Software Improvements provided with eVACS.75Software Improvements is currently in the process of designing a licensing model that would simultaneously solve their concerns while allowing third-party examination and evaluation of the code.
Two groups, The Open Voting Consortium (OVC) and Open Voting Solutions (OVS) have emerged in the U.S. that aim to design or build voting systems with software source code distributed under an open source license. OVS is very new and seems still in the coordination phase of their work but has as its mission to “develop open public specification based voting systems.'’ The OVC, a loose-knit group of activists, information technology professionals and academics, produced a prototype system in 2003 that consisted of demonstration software that ran on commodity computers running the Linux operating system. The OVC’s mission now appears to have shifted toward advocacy for the use of open source code in electronic voting systems and away from the production of an electronic voting system.
Given the interest in electronic voting systems powered by open source software it is notable that no working models have fully matured in the current market. I discuss some of the potential reasons for this in Section below. While the verdict is certainly not in on whether the market will independently yield open source powered voting systems, it might now be appropriate to think about other ways of incentivizing open source development so that groups like the OVC can attract the resources needed to produce marketable products. We discuss some possible ideas for this in Section .
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi
Suddhapàcittiyà
MISUSE OF EVM _ PART - 14
AWAKENED ONE WITH AWARENESS ONE’S FAIR TRADE PRACTICE
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/a/small-business-ideas.htm
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/qt/Web-Design-Small-Business-Idea.htm
Web Design Small Business Idea
The Pros and Cons of Starting a Web Design Business
There is no denying the small business power of having an online
presence. A professionally designed website is one of the ways
businesses can establish themselves online.
If you are a trained or self-taught web designer, a web design
business could be the best way to follow your dream of being a small
business owner.
The Pros
Among the benefits of starting a web design business include:
- You get to be creative every day.
- Your business can be home-based.
- Your work can help your clients create a unified brand for their business.
- You can expand your business by offering related services, such as blog customization and setup.
- You can create partnerships with copywriters, SEO experts, web developers, marketing consultants, etc.
- You can provide ongoing web maintenance to create a steady income.
The Cons
Some of the potential challenges of starting a web design business include:
- You must be knowledgeable in all of the coding standards and technology.
- You need experience and to be knowledgeable about the industry.
- Ongoing training and software can be expensive.
- It can be challenging to come up with unique and creative designs.
- You will be tied to your computer every day.
- You have to extensively test every site you design on different computers and browsers.
- There is a lot of competition, especially from template-driven services.
- It can be challenging to sell ongoing website maintenance.
Recommended Resources
More Business Opportunities
Business Startup Resources
(Pàñidesanãyà)
Ime kho panàyasmanto cattàro pàñidesanãyà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 466] [\x 466/]
Pàñ 1: Pañhamapàñidesanãyasikkhàpadaü:
29
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà
antaragharaü paviññhàya hatthato khàdanãyaü và bhojanãyaü và sahatthà
pañiggahetvà khàdeyya và bhu¤jeyya và. Pañidesetabbaü tena bhikkhunà:
ßGàrayhaü àvuso dhammaü àpajjiü, asappàyaü, pàñidesanãyaü, taü
pañidesemãû-ti.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 468] [\x 468/]
Pàñ 2: Dutiyapàñidesanãyasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhå
paneva kulesu nimantità bhu¤janti. Tatra ce sà bhikkhunã vosàsamànaråpà
ñhità hoti: ßIdha såpaü detha, idha odanaü dethàû-ti. Tehi bhikkhåhi sà
bhikkhunã apasàdetabbà: ßApasakka tàva bhagini, yàva bhikkhå
bhu¤janti.û Ekassa pi ce 30
bhikkhuno nappañibhàseyya taü bhikkhuniü apasàdetuü: ßApasakka tàva
bhagini, yàva bhikkhå bhu¤jantãû-ti. Pañidesetabbaü tehi bhikkhåhi:
ßGàrayhaü àvuso dhammaü àpajjimhà, asappàyaü, pàñidesanãyaü, taü
pañidesemàû-ti.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 476] [\x 476/]
Pàñ 3: Tatiyapàñidesanãyasikkhàpadaü:
Yàni kho pana tàni sekhasammatàni
kulàni. Yo pana bhikkhu tathàråpesu sekhasammatesu kulesu pubbe
animantito agilàno khàdanãyaü và bhojanãyaü và sahatthà pañiggahetvà
khàdeyya và bhu¤jeyya và. Pañidesetabbaü tena bhikkhunà: ßGàrayhaü àvuso
dhammaü àpajjiü, asappàyaü, pàñidesanãyaü, taü pañidesemãû-ti.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 482] [\x 482/]
Pàñ 4: Catutthapàñidesanãyasikkhàpadaü:
Yàni kho pana tàni àra¤¤akàni
senàsanàni sàsaïkasammatàni sappañibhayàni. Yo pana bhikkhu tathàråpesu
senàsanesu viharanto pubbe appañisaüviditaü khàdanãyaü và bhojanãyaü và
ajjhàràme sahatthà pañiggahetvà agilàno khàdeyya và bhu¤jeyya và.
Pañidesetabbaü tena bhikkhunà: ßGàrayhaü àvuso dhammaü àpajjiü,
asappàyaü, pàñidesanãyaü, taü pañidesemãû-ti.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 486] [\x 486/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto cattàro pàñidesanãyà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Pàñidesanãyà niññhità
(Sekhiyà)
Ime kho panàyasmanto sekhiyà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 488] [\x 488/]
Sekh 1: (Parimaõóalasikkhàpadaü) : 31
Parimaõóalaü nivàsessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 490] [\x 490/]
Sekh 2:
Parimaõóalaü pàrupissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 3: (Suppañichannasikkhàpadaü):
Supañicchanno antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 4:
Supañicchanno antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 492] [\x 492/]
Sekh 5: (Susaüvutasikkhàpadaü):
Susaüvuto antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 6:
Susaüvuto antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 7: (Okkhittacakkhusikkhàpadaü):
Okkhittacakkhu antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 494] [\x 494/]
Sekh 8:
Okkhittacakkhu antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 9: (Ukkhittakasikkhàpadaü):
Na ukkhittakàya antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 10:
Na ukkhittakàya antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Parimaõóalavaggo pañhamo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 496] [\x 496/]
Sekh 11: (Ujjhagghikasikkhàpadaü):
Na ujjagghikàya antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 12:
Na ujjagghikàya antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 13: (Uccasaddàsikkhàpadaü):
Appasaddo antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 498] [\x 498/]
Sekh 14:
Appasaddo antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 15: (Kàyappacàlakàdisikkhàpadaü):
Na kàyappacàlakaü antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 16:
Na kàyappacàlakaü antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 500] [\x 500/]
Sekh 17: (Bàhuppacàlakasikkhàpadaü):
Na bàhuppacàlakaü antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 18:
Na bàhuppacàlakaü antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 19: (Sãsappacàlakasikkhàpadaü):
Na sãsappacàlakaü antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 502] [\x 502/]
Sekh 20:
Na sãsappacàlakaü antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Ujjagghiakavaggo dutiyo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 504] [\x 504/]
Sekh 21: (Khambhakatasikkhàpadaü):
Na khambhakato antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 22:
Na khambhakato antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 23: (Oguõñhitasikkhàpadaü):
Na oguõñhito antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 506] [\x 506/]
Sekh 24:
Na oguõñhito antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 25: (Ukkuñikasikkhàpadaü):
Na ukkuñikàya antaraghare gamissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 26: (Pallatthikasikkhàpadaü):
Na pallatthikàya antaraghare nisãdissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 508] [\x 508/]
Sekh 27: (Sakkaccapañiggahaõasikkhàpadaü):
Sakkaccaü piõóapàtaü pañiggahessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 28: (Pattasa¤¤ãpañiggahaõasikkhàpadaü):
Pattasa¤¤ã piõóapàtaü pañiggahessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 29: (Samasåpakapañiggahaõasikkhàpadaü):
Samasåpakaü piõóapàtaü pañiggahessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 510] [\x 510/]
Sekh 30: (Samatittikasikkhàpadaü):
Samatittikaü piõóapàtaü pañiggahessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Khambhakavaggo tatiyo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 512] [\x 512/]
Sekh 31: (Sakkaccabu¤janasikkhàpadaü):
Sakkaccaü piõóapàtaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 32: (Pattasa¤¤ãbhu¤janasikkhàpadaü):
Pattasa¤¤ã piõóapàtaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 33: (Sapadànasikkhàpadaü):
Sapadànaü piõóapàtaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 514] [\x 514/]
Sekh 34: (Samasåpakasikkhàpadaü):
Samasåpakaü piõóapàtaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 35: (Nathåpakatasikkhàpadaü):
Na thåpato 32 omadditvà piõóapàtaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 36: (Odanappañicchàdanasikkhàpadaü):
Na såpaü và bya¤janaü và odanena pañicchàdessàmi bhãyokamyataü 33 upàdàyàti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 516] [\x 516/]
Sekh 37: (Såpodanavi¤¤attisikkhàpadaü):
Na såpaü và odanaü và agilàno attano atthàya vi¤¤àpetvà bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 38: (Ujjhànasa¤¤ãsikkhàpadaü):
Na ujjhànasa¤¤ã paresaü pattaü olokessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 39: (Kabaëasikkhàpadaü):
Nàtimahantaü kabaëaü karissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 520] [\x 520/]
Sekh 40: (âlopasikkhàpadaü):
Parimaõóalaü àlopaü karissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sakkaccavaggo catuttho
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 522] [\x 522/]
Sekh 41: (Anàhañasikkhàpadaü):
Na anàhañe kabaëe mukhadvàraü vivarissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 42: (Bhu¤jamànasikkhàpadaü):
Na bhu¤jamàno sabbaü hatthaü mukhe pakkhipissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 43: (Sakabaëasikkhàpadaü):
Na sakabaëena mukhena byàharissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 524] [\x 524/]
Sekh 44: (Piõóukkhepakasikkhàpadaü):
Na piõóukkhepakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 45: (Kabaëavacchedakasikkhàpadaü):
Na kabaëàvacchedakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 46: (Avagaõóakàrakasikkhàpadaü):
Na avagaõóakàrakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 526] [\x 526/]
Sekh 47: (Hatthaniddhunakasikkhàpadaü):
Na hatthaniddhunakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, 34 sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 48: (Sitthàvakàrakasikkhàpadaü):
Na sitthàvakàrakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 49: (Jivhànicchàrakasikkhàpadaü):
Na jivhànicchàrakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 528] [\x 528/]
Sekh 50: (Capucapukàrakasikkhàpadaü):
Na capucapukàrakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Kabaëavaggo pa¤camo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 530] [\x 530/]
Sekh 51: (Surusurukàrakasikkhàpadaü):
Na surusurukàrakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 52: (Hatthanillehakàdisikkhàpadaü):
Na hatthanillehakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 532] [\x 532/]
Sekh 53: (Pattanillehakasikkhàpadaü):
Na pattanillehakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, 35 sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 54: (Oññhanillehakasikkhàpadaü):
Na oññhanillehakaü bhu¤jissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 534] [\x 534/]
Sekh 55: (Sàmisasikkhàpadaü):
Na sàmisena hatthena pànãyathàlakaü pañiggahessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 536] [\x 536/]
Sekh 56: (Sasitthakasikkhàpadaü):
Na sasitthakaü pattadhovanaü antaraghare chaóóessàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 538] [\x 538/]
Sekh 57: (Chattapàõisikkhàpadaü):
Na chattapàõissa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, 36 sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 58: (Daõóapàõisikkhàpadaü):
Na daõóapàõissa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 540] [\x 540/]
Sekh 59: (Satthapàõisikkhàpadaü):
Na satthapàõissa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 60: (âyudhapàõisikkhàpadaü):
Na àyudhapàõissa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Surusuruvaggo chaññho
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 542] [\x 542/]
Sekh 61: (Pàdukasikkhàpadaü):
Na pàdukàråëhassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 62: (Upàhanasikkhàpadaü):
Na upàhanàråëhassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 63: (Yànasikkhàpadaü):
Na yànagatassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 544] [\x 544/]
Sekh 64: (Sayanasikkhàpadaü):
Na sayanagatassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 65: (Pallatthikasikkhàpadaü):
Na pallatthikàya nisinnassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 66: (Veñhitasikkhàpadaü):
Na veñhitasãsassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 546] [\x 546/]
Sekh 67: (Oguõñhitasikkhàpadaü):
Na oguõñhitasãsassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 68: (Chamàsikkhàpadaü):
Na chamàya nisãditvà àsane nisinnassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 548] [\x 548/]
Sekh 69: (Nãcàsanasikkhàpadaü):
Na nãce àsane nisãditvà ucce àsane nisinnassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 550] [\x 550/]
Sekh 70: (òhitasikkhàpadaü):
Na ñhito nisinnassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 71: (Pacchatogamanasikkhàpadaü):
Na pacchato gacchanto purato gacchantassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 72: (Uppathenagamanasikkhàpadaü):
Na uppathena gacchanto pathena gacchantassa agilànassa dhammaü desissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 552] [\x 552/]
Sekh 73: (òhito-uccàrasikkhàpadaü):
Na ñhito agilàno uccàraü và passàvaü và karissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Sekh 74: (Harite-uccàrasikkhàpadaü):
Na harite agilàno uccàraü và passàvaü và kheëaü và karissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 554] [\x 554/]
Sekh 75: (Udake-uccàrasikkhàpadaü):
Na udake agilàno uccàraü và passàvaü và kheëaü và karissàmã-ti, sikkhà karaõãyà.
Pàdukavaggo sattamo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 556] [\x 556/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto sekhiyà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Sekhiyà niññhità
(Adhikaraõasamathà)
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 588] [\x 588/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto satta adhikaraõasamathà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
Uppannuppannànaü adhikaraõànaü samathàya våpasamàya:
1: Sammukhàvinayo dàtabbo.
2: Sativinayo dàtabbo.
3: Amåëhavinayo dàtabbo.
4: Pañi¤¤àya kàretabbaü.
5: Yebhuyyasikà.
6: Tassapàpiyyasikà.
7: Tiõavatthàrakoti.
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto satta adhikaraõasamathà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Adhikaraõasamathà Niññhità
Uddiññhaü kho àyasmanto nidànaü.
Uddiññhà cattàro pàràjikà dhammà.
Uddiññhà terasa saïghàdisesà dhammà.
Uddiññhà dve aniyatà dhammà.
Uddiññhà tiüsa nissaggiyà pàcittiyà dhammà
Uddiññhà dvenavuti pàcittiyà dhammà.
Uddiññhà cattàro pàñidesanãyà dhammà.
Uddiññhà sekhiyà dhammà.
Uddiññhà satta adhikaraõasamathà dhammà.
Ettakaü tassa Bhagavato suttàgataü suttapariyàpannaü anvaddhamàsaü
uddesaü àgacchati. Tattha sabbeheva samaggehi sammodamànehi
avivadamànehi sikkhitabbaü.
Bhikkhupàtimokkhaü niññhitaü
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi Home Page
âràdhanà (Nidànuddeso)
(Pàràjikuddeso) (Saïghàdisesuddeso)
(Aniyatuddeso) (Nissaggiyapàcittiyà)
(Suddhapàcittiyà) (Pàñidesanãyà)
(Sekhiyà) (Adhikaraõasamathà)
Word Index
End Notes
29 Editor’s note: BJT omits this title by mistake. The Pàñidesanãya rules are listed only as Pañhama-, Dutiya-, etc. there being no distinctive titles for these training rules either in BJT or ChS.
30 BJT note: Ekassa ce pi - ChS
31 Editor’s note: BJT has no distinctive titles for the Sekhiya training rules, they are listed there as Pañhama-, Dutiya-, etc. up to Dasama-, after which they start again with Pañhama-.
As the titles serve a useful function as mnemonics they have been
inserted here following the ChS editon of the Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi. At
the beginning of this section as the rules generally come in pairs no
title for the second rule is given.
32 BJT note: Thåpakato - ChS.
33 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhãyyokamyataü, but it’s normal practice is to write these forms as bhãyo- etc.
34 Editor’s note: BJT, bhu¤jissàmi-ti, printer’s error.
35 Editor’s note: BJT, bhå¤jissàmã-ti, printer’s error.
36 Editor’s note: BJT, desessàmi-ti, here but desissàmã-ti elsewhere.
05/22/13
928 LESSON 23-05-2013 THURSDAY-FREE ONLINE eNālāndā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY- Please watch: http://archive.org/details/BuddhasLifeAnimation2007Thai_201303 for Buddha’s Life Animation ( 2007) Thai (March 25, 2013) Buddha life Cartoon Animation 1Hr. 38 Mins Wishing all born this day of Buddha Purnima a Happy Birthday May all be happy, well and secure May all beings be happy May all live long with Calm, Quiet, Alert, Attentive and Equanimity Mind with the understanding that every thing is changing 23-05-2013 Thursday 2.30 PM Venue: Indira Gandhi Institute of Child health, Hosur Road, Bengaluru Children Service Led by Shri K.N.Srinivas Chairman, Amar Jyothi Educational Institutions, Bengaluru Service by Samyak Prabodhan, Bangalore Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi Suddhapàcittiyà MISUSE OF EVM _ PART - 13 AWAKENED ONE WITH AWARENESS ONE’S FAIR TRADE PRACTICE http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/a/small-business-ideas.htm http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/qt/Virtual-Call-Center-Small-Business-Idea.htm Virtual Call Center Small Business Idea The Pros and Cons of Starting a Virtual Call Center Business
Filed under:
General,
வினயபிடக
Posted by:
@ 4:28 pm
928 LESSON 23-05-2013 THURSDAY-FREE ONLINE eNālāndā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY-
Please watch:
http://archive.org/details/BuddhasLifeAnimation2007Thai_201303
for
Buddha’s Life Animation ( 2007) Thai (March 25, 2013)
Buddha life Cartoon Animation
1Hr. 38 Mins
Wishing all born this day of Buddha Purnima a Happy Birthday
May all be happy, well and secure
May all beings be happy
May all live long with
Calm, Quiet, Alert, Attentive and Equanimity Mind
with the understanding that every thing is changing
23-05-2013 Thursday 2.30 PM
Venue: Indira Gandhi Institute of Child health, Hosur Road, Bengaluru
Children Service
Led by
Shri K.N.Srinivas
Chairman, Amar Jyothi Educational Institutions, Bengaluru
Service by
Samyak Prabodhan, Bangalore
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi
Suddhapàcittiyà
MISUSE OF EVM _ PART - 13
AWAKENED ONE WITH AWARENESS ONE’S FAIR TRADE PRACTICE
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/a/small-business-ideas.htm
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/qt/Virtual-Call-Center-Small-Business-Idea.htm
Virtual Call Center Small Business Idea
The Pros and Cons of Starting a Virtual Call Center Business
http://www.metta.lk/tipitaka/1Vinaya-Pitaka/index.html
The city of Sarnath in Uttar Pradesh is getting ready to observe
Buddha Purnima in the coming week featuring a series of programmes.
Sarnath, near Varanasi, is the place where Buddha preached his first
sermon and is deemed to be one of the most sacred places by Buddhists.
Both, the Maha Bodhi Society of India (MBSI) and UP Tourism are going
to hold a two-day programme starting from May 25 combining both
religious and cultural activities to attract foreign and Indian
devotees and tourists.
According to the UP tourism department, Buddhists worldwide look upon India
as the land of the Buddha and a visit to this country means a
pilgrimage to those places sacred to the memory of the Enlightened One.
After the Buddha attained enlightenment in Bodh Gaya he came to Sarnath and delivered his first sermon. Buddhist monks and scholars from across the world throng Sarnath for the two-day festival in Sarnath.
On the morning of Buddha Purnima, MBSI monks will administer
Ashtangsheel and offerings to Lord Buddha followed by religious function
at the Mulagandha Kuty Vihara. The day-long religious function will end
with the recitation of Dhammachakka Pavattana Sutta. Thereafter, there
will be a ceremony of lighting of lamps at the Bodhi Tree complex in the
evening.
The two-day festival at Sarnath is going to attract large number of
devotees who will flock to the city to perform important religious
activities marked by prayers, sermons and recitation of Buddhist
scriptures on the first day. On the second day classical music and dance
performances will be held by the tourism department.
The National Museum in Delhi, as usual, will bring the mortal remains
of Buddha, believed to be his bones and ashes, for their public viewing
on Buddha Purnima at Sarnath.
The Buddha, in Dhammapada, has said, “The kind of seed sown will
produce that kind of fruit. Those who do good will reap good results.
Those who do evil will reap evil results. If you carefully plant a good
seed, you will joyfully gather good fruit.” May Lord Buddha’s teachings
enlighten us on the path of love, peace and truth. Wishing all Buddhists
a Happy Buddha Purnima!
The study of Buddhism has inspired some of
the world’s most beautiful contributions to the world of art, most
notable in the form of statues known as Buddharupa (literally, the form
of the Awakened One) that adorn Buddhist temples of worship. Listed here
are ten of the world’s most famous and beautiful statues celebrating
the Awakened One and his message of peace.
Some of these Buddha statues are among the largest in the world. A comparison between these and other great statues in the world can be found here.
The study of Buddhism has inspired some of
the world’s most beautiful contributions to the world of art, most
notable in the form of statues known as Buddharupa (literally, the form
of the Awakened One) that adorn Buddhist temples of worship. Listed here
are ten of the world’s most famous and beautiful statues celebrating
the Awakened One and his message of peace.
Some of these Buddha statues are among the largest in the world. A comparison between these and other great statues in the world can be found here.
10Hussain Sagar Buddha Statue
The Buddha statue situated at the center of an artificial lake in the
city of Hyderabad is one of India’s most famous Buddha statues. This
figure stands at a full 17 meters (56 feet) tall and weighs 320 tons.
The single largest monolithic statue in all of India, it was sculpted by
a group of artisans from a single piece of stone. Tragically, during
the statue’s installation in 1992 the figure tipped over and fell into
the lake, causing the death of 8 workers. The government recovered the
statue and restored it to its full height and stature.
9Tian Tan Buddha Statue
Tian Tan Buddha sometimes locally referred to as the Big Buddha, is
located on Lantau Island, in Hong Kong. Fashioned of bronze and
completed in 1993, The statue is the main feature of the Po Lin
Monastery, symbolizing harmony between man, nature, people and religion.
The statue is named Tian Tan Buddha because its base is a replica of
Tian Tan, the Temple of Heaven in Beijing. The statue sits on a lotus
throne on top of a three tiered altar. At 34 meters (110 feet) tall,
the Tian Tan Buddha is presented in a posture of serenity. His right
hand is raised to remove affliction. His left hand rests on his knee,
representing happiness.
8Monywa Buddhas
Monywa is a city in central Myanmar located on the banks of the
Chindwin River. Just east of the city is the Po Khaung Taung, a range of
hills where you can see the Monywa Buddha– the largest reclining Buddha
statue in the world. This colossal figure measures 90 meters (300 feet)
in length. The head alone is 60 feet high. The Monywa Buddha was
constructed in 1991 and is hollow inside, allowing visitors to walk
along from the head to the feet. Inside the figure are 9,000
one-foot-high metal images of the Buddha and his disciples, depicting
various representations of important events in the Buddha’s life.
Recently a gigantic standing Buddha statue was built on top of Po
Kaung Hills. At 132 meter (433 feet) high it is one of the largest
Buddha statues in the world.
7Ayutthaya Buddha Head
Thailand’s city of Ayutthaya is the location of one of the world’s
most unusual Buddhist statues. Among the ruins of Wat Mahathat (The
Temple of the Great Relic) is the remains of a sandstone statue of the
Buddha whose body has been lost to the ages but whose head rests
appropriately in the climbing roots and vines of a tree. Around this
famous figure are many other stature of the Ayutthaya period which have
survived the ravages of time.
6Gal Viharaya
Located in north central Sri Lanka, Polonnaruwa is the site of one of
the most breathtaking of the world’s representations of the Buddha –
the Gal Gal Viharaya. This massive rock temple was constructed by
Parakramabahu the Great in the 12th century. The central attraction of
the temple are 4 large Buddha statues carved into the face of a granite
boulder. Among these giant stone figures are a reclining statue of the
Buddha that measures 14 meters (46 feet) in length and a standing figure
measuring 7 meters (23 feet) high.
5Ushiku Daibutsu
The Ushiku Daibutsu is located in the city of Ushiku in Japan.
Finished in 1995, the figure is one of the world’s tallest statues,
standing a total of 120 meters (394 feet) high including the 10m (30
foot) base and 10m high lotus platform. Visitors to the Buddha statue
can take an elevator to a platform where an observation deck is
situated. The bronze-plated figure depicts Amitabha Buddha, and is also
known as Ushiku Arcadia.
4Temple of the Reclining Buddha
Located in Bangkok,
Wat Pho is famous for the huge Reclining Buddha statue it houses. It is
one of the largest temples in Bangkok and also one of the oldest,
constructed nearly 200 years before Bangkok became Thailand’s capital.
Wat Pho holds the distinction of having both Thailand’s largest
reclining Buddha image and the largest number of Buddha images in
Thailand. The gold-plated Reclining Buddha statue is 46 meters long and
15 meters high, and commemorates the passing of the Buddha into Nirvana.
The statue’s eyes and feet are decorated with engraved mother of pearl,
the soles of the feet displaying the 108 auspicious characteristics of
the true Buddha.
3Great Buddha of Kamakura
The Kotoku-in is a Buddhist temple of the Jodo shu sect located in
the city of Kamakura in Japan. The temple is famous for its great
Buddhist statue (or daibutsu). a colossal outdoor representation of
Amida Buddha, one of Japan’s most celebrated Buddhist figures. Cast in
bronze, the Great Buddha stands at over 13 meters (40 feet) high and
weighs nearly 93 tons.
The statue reportedly dates from 1252 and is generally believed to
have been cast by the Buddhist monk Joko, who also collected donations
to build it. Although it originally was housed in a small wooden temple,
the Great Buddha now stands in the open air as the original temple was
washed away in a tsunami in the 15th century.
2Temple of the Emerald Buddha
Another of Bangkok’s Buddhist temples is Wat Phra Kaew, the Temple of
the Emerald Buddha, located within the grounds of the Grand Palace. The
main building is the central ubosoth, which houses The Emerald Buddha,
one of the oldest and most famous Buddha statues in the world.
A jade statue adorned in gold clothing, the Emerald Buddha was,
according to legend, created in India in 43 BC in the city of
Pataliputra, where it remained for 300 years. In the 4th century AD it
was taken away to Sri Lanka by Buddhist monks to save it from
destruction by war. Eventually the statue made its way to Thailand and
was moved to Wat Phra Kaew in 1779. The statue has three different sets
of gold clothing, which are changed by the King of Thailand in a
ceremony at the changing of the seasons.
1Leshan Giant Buddha
The Giant Buddha of Leshan is a gigantic Buddha statue carved out of a
cliff face in Sichuan, western China. The great sculpture is a figure
of Maitreya — a Bodhisattva traditionally represented in sitting
posture. Begun in the year 713 during the Tang Dynasty, the statue was
not completed until the year 803, and was the effort of thousands of
sculptors and workers. As the biggest carved stone Buddha in the world,
the Leshan Giant Buddha is featured in poetry, song and story. The
sculpture stands about 71 meters (233 feet) high and has three meter (11
feet) long fingers on each of its enormous resting hands. Today it is a
popular tourist attraction in China.
Dear Buddhist Brothers and Sisters,
Namo Buddhay!
May this day be as happy and gay as lily in May!
LORD BUDDHA – LIFE PHILOSOPHY
- LIFE –SKETCH
- The Birth Name of highly compassionate Lord Buddha,
founder of Buddhism, was Siddharth Gautam. He was the son of a King. In
short, he was a prince.
- Birth 563 BC, Lumbini, India .
Now in Nepal
- Father Suddhodana, Raja of Kapilvastu , India . Now in Nepal . A
Shakya clan.
- Mother Queen Mahamaya. She died when
the child was only 7 days .
Nourished by Prajapati Gautami, elder
sister of his mother.
·
Wife Princess Yashodhara
·
Son Rahul, after ten years of marriage
·
Palaces 3 palaces. Ist – for summer, IInd –
for winter and IIIrd- for autumn.
He had all the pleasures and luxuries of the life.
·
Mahaparinirvan 483
BC in 80 years of age. Kushinara. At present Gorakhpur , UP
- SHAKYA SANGH
·
The membership of the Sangh was mandatory for
every Shakya youth.
·
The meetings of the Sangh were held in
Sansthagar – Meeting Hall.
·
Siddharth became the member of the Sangh at 20
years.
·
The Rules and Regulations of the Sangh were
equal for all & equally implemented.
·
The power of the Sangh was supreme – above the
king too.
·
The Sangh had an Army Chief called Senapati.
- CONFLICT WITH
THE SANGH
·
At that time the conflict between the Shakyas
and Koliyas began over the water of the Rohini River .
The Senapati gained a majority in favour of war against the Koliyas by voting
method.
·
But Siddharth Gautam was against this
resolution. He did not accept the majority opinion and at the same time, the
order of the Army Chief.
- PUNISHMENT
·
The Senapati kept three alternatives before
Siddharth. They were :
( i ) To join
the forces and participate in the war against the Koliyas.
( ii) To
consent to be hanged or exiled.
(iii) To allow
a social boycott and confiscation of
property of his family members.
·
Siddharth accepted the second option i.e. to exile
from the nation.
- PARIVRAJA –
THE WAY OUT – AT 29 YEARS OF AGE
·
He renounced his home in the knowledge and
presence of his wife and parents.
·
At this occasion his wife, Yashodhara said – All
I wish is that now that you are becoming a Parivrajaka leaving behind all who
are near and dear to you, you will find a NEW
WAY OF LIFE which would result
in the HAPPINESS OF MANKIND.
·
He did not leave his home, as tradition says,
after seeing a – SICK PERSON, AN OLD
MAN, A DEAD PERSON AND A SANYASI
– this is reasonably incorrect.
- IN SEARCH OF
NEW LIGHT
·
At that time, there were chiefly three Acharyas.
He went one by one to them. First he went to the Ashram of Bhrigu Rishi.
(
I ) BHRIGU RISHI
·
Bhrigu told him all the various kinds of penaces
and the fruits thereof. The saint also told him – By these penaces, you can get
HEAVEN AND THE GOD AS WELL.
·
Gautam replied – I am hurt by the sorrows of the
world. My desire is not for HEAVEN and God. Rather, my desire is that the ILLS
OF LIFE ON EARTH BE PROBED AND TO FIND THE SOLUTION. SO THAT, THE HUMANITY
WOULD BE MADE HAPPY.
·
Siddharth asked Bhrigu – Do you know this? The
Rishi answered – Nay, Nay! Unsatisfied with the answer, Siddharth leaved his
Ashram.
( II )ARADA
KALAM
·
Gautam studied
Sankhya philosophy and learnt the Seventh stage of Meditation.
·
After this, Siddharth took leave from Arada
kalam.
( III ) UDDAKA RAMAPUTTA RISHI
·
Gautam learnt Eighth stage of Meditation from
this saint. At last, he asked the same questions to Uddaka – How to make the
mankind happy? Uddaka replied – I don know. Unsatisfied with this, Siddharth
quit his Ashram too.
- TRIAL OF
ASCETICISM
·
Siddharth learnt the Sankhya philosophy and
Samadhi Marga but did not practice them. He thought to do practical and to get
the real experience of these things.
·
He strived hardest but got nothing. At last he
thought – Now, I would myself have to find out the answer of my problems.
·
So, LORD BUDDHA HAS NO GURU. HE WAS HIMESLF HIS
GURU. HE ATTAINED THE WISDOM, THE SUPREME KNOWLEDGE BY HIS OWN EFFORTS.
- ENLIGHTENMENT
– AT THE AGE OF 35 YEARS
·
He had two problems : First, there was suffering
in the world and second, how to remove this suffering and make mankind happy.
·
At last, after contemplating for four weeks
continuously, he ultimately attained the ENLIGHTEMENT AND THUS BECAME THE
BUDDHA, THE HAPPY ONE.
·
That Tree – Bodhi Tree, The Place – Bauddhagaya.
·
This is also known as SAMYAK SAMBODHI - The
Perfect Enlightenment. A formulae based on - Optimism into Pessimism. This is a NEW WAY OF LIFE.
·
In this way, Lord Buddha invented a New Dharma
which is known as Buddhism in the world.
- WHAT IS
BUDDHISM IN MODERN SCENARIO
·
Planted by highly compassionate Lord Buddha,
nurtured by Priyadarshi emperor Ashoka, the great and revived by Baba Sahab
Ambedkar, the prophet of Buddhism - The Buddhism is a happy way of living i.e.
to lead a HAPPY, PROSPEROUS AND JOYOUS LIFE.
·
The meaning of the Buddha is – Dispeller of
ignorance i.e. the carrier of the masses from darkness to light, Dispeller of
Sorrows i.e. the carrier of the humanity from sorrow to happiness.
·
Thus, the Buddhism is purely - a philosophy of
happiness, a philosophy to be happy!
- HOW TO CELEBRATE THE FESTIVAL
·
We must celebrate our all festivals in a Pure Religious Way .
And the Pure Religious Way
is – to buy something from the market so
that the market should decorate , look like a bride. In brief, the bazars
should be over crowded before this
auspicious day.
·
We must
go to Buddha Vihar to celebrate collectively and should show our strength in the
Viharas.
·
We should also decorate and light our Buddha
Viharas as well as our houses in the
evening.
·
Those, who neither go to Buddha Viharas nor buy
some articles , are false Buddhists.
bhavatu sabba mangalang!
Dhan Prakash
Bauddha
Bauddhacharya
& Philosopher,
President,
Shakti Sadhana
Mission,
Maitri, 122,
Cross-8A, Tapovan Enclave, Tarla Aamwala,
Dehradun –
248001 ( UK
)
Contact : 99979
58689
e-mail : dpbauddha@yahoo.co.in
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New voter verifiable paper trail (VVPT) machines to replace the EVMs, following doubts that it could be tampered.Voting Machines are “Calculators which can be manipulated by computer softwares”. New Machines are ordered by EC, where a paper slip will come out with EVM voting which will be then deposited in a box. What is the use? Paper Slip will show that voter has casted vote for “Party A”, but calculator software will add vote to “Party B”! The Computers are programmable. No use for such fake paper slips. In Superior Courts it has been demonstrated how these computers can be manipulated and how it can be pre-programmed to make sure victory to one candidate during election. The EVM machines have killed Democracy and have all the potentials to do so. The ruling castes are manipulating EVMs to make sure victory to them depriving the dipressed classes to enable them to acquire the MASTER KEY that can unlock all doors of progress to the entire people.
•
• Under such circumstances the following exposure by media had no relevance during the last Karnataka Assembly Elections 2013 where the Congress won and the trend will continue in the forth coming General Elections until the Superior Court and the upholders of Democracy including the free and fair media.
6.1 The Case of Mandated Source Disclosure
There are risks and some benefits associated with government-mandated public disclosure using either a disclosed source regime or open source licenses. One such risk is that trade secrecy would be de facto eliminated from the highly competitive, small-margin voting systems market. A trade secret is defined as any secret information used in business that gives one a competitive advantage; trade secrecy protection only applies to information that is kept secret.61Vendors have asserted that their software contains trade secrets that would no longer be protectable if their software source were disclosed.62
The end of trade secrecy in software source code could mean the end for larger companies, which are more sensitive to the smallness of margins, as it will cause a slip of their market position and competitive edge against other larger vendors. If open source software is required, a body of open source software for election management and tabulation will be created that will lower the barriers to entry into the market and necessarily increase competition. The available software will be one piece that new firms will not need to develop in creating a viable voting system (see § for a discussion of other barriers to entry). Either of these possibilities will make it easier for small firms to enter the market, but also may make the market less appetizing for large vendors.
There could be narrower licensing options under a government mandate. That is, if a governmental entity deems it necessary to mandate disclosure, it would seem that they would also specify the terms of such disclosure. This would prohibit vendors from doing their own calculus of what to allow and disallow in the terms of their software license and would mean that they now had to fit their previous business models into the license agreement mandated for the market in which they seek to operate.
Finally, there is an evolving concept of eminent domain in the field of intellectual property, where the government must compensate an individual for taking property. The government “takings'’ here apply to situations where a vendor’s intellectual property is disclosed without their consent or approval. Should vendors be compensated for the release of intellectual property in the source code that runs their systems? The relevant forms of intellectual property implicated in the source code for voting systems are patents, copyright and trade secrets. Patents and copyrights are not much of an issue as both these forms of intellectual property will still be enforceable upon disclosure and there are statutory limits to damages.63 Claims under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) or its state-level equivalents will usually protect proprietary and confidential information.64
That leaves the case of trade secrets released against the vendor’s wishes. In Ruckelshaus v. Monsanto Co.,65 the Supreme Court found that the disclosure of trade secrets claimed to be held in confidence by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as part of a pesticide registration program was a 5th amendment “taking'’ of property.66The Court ruled that the “taking'’ existed when Monsanto had a “reasonable investment-backed expectation'’ of confidentiality and that this was formed when the EPA allowed vendors to mark certain information as trade secret through their registration program.67Further, without a reasonable investment-backed expectation, no taking existed. A key feature of the Ruckelshaus notion of “takings'’ is its retroactive nature; that is, the analysis turns on the expectation of confidentiality that the vendor had when submitting information to the government.
For voting systems, this means that any disclosure should be done carefully. That is, with rules or laws that mandate disclosure, any efforts to extend the effects of such policy to source code submissions made under a previous regime would likely run afoul of the Ruckelshaus notion of 5th Amendment “taking'’ of trade secrets. Voting systems vendors will likely not find it difficult to make a showing of “reasonable investment-backed expectation'’, as past indications show that vendors have been highly protective of their intellectual property.68From this analysis, the best course of action would be a non-retroactive policy in which the government clearly stated its intent to disclose system source code and also stipulated that any trade secrets would have to be removed by the vendor prior to submission.
(Suddhapàcittiyà)
Ime kho panàyasmanto dvenavuti pàcittiyà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 004] [\x 004/]
Pàc 1: Musàvàdasikkhàpadaü:
Sampajànamusàvàde, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 016] [\x 016/]
Pàc 2: Omasavàdasikkhàpadaü:
Omasavàde, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 042] [\x 042/]
Pàc 3: Pesu¤¤asikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhupesu¤¤e, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 052] [\x 052/]
Pàc 4: Padasodhammasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu anupasampannaü padaso dhammaü vàceyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 058] [\x 058/]
Pàc 5: Sahaseyyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu anupasampannena uttariü 15 dirattatirattaü sahaseyyaü kappeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 064] [\x 064/]
Pàc 6: Dutiyasahaseyyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu màtugàmena sahaseyyaü kappeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 068] [\x 068/]
Pàc 7: Dhammadesanàsikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu màtugàmassa uttariü chappa¤cavàcàhi dhammaü deseyya, a¤¤atra vi¤¤unà purisaviggahena, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 078] [\x 078/]
Pàc 8: Bhåtàrocanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu anupasampannassa uttarimanussadhammaü àroceyya bhåtasmiü, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 098] [\x 098/]
Pàc 9: Duññhullàrocanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhussa duññhullaü àpattiü anupasampannassa àroceyya, a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 102] [\x 102/]
Pàc 10: Pathavikhaõanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu pañhaviü khaõeyya và khaõàpeyya và, pàcittiyaü.
Musàvàdàvaggo pañhamo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 106] [\x 106/]
Pàc 11: Bhåtagàmasikkhàpadaü:
Bhåtagàmapàtavyatàya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 112] [\x 112/]
Pàc 12: A¤¤avàdakasikkhàpadaü:
A¤¤avàdake vihesake, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 118] [\x 118/]
Pàc 13: Ujjhàyanasikkhàpadaü:
Ujjhàpanake khãyanake, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 120] [\x 120/]
Pàc 14: Pañhamasenàsanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu saïghikaü ma¤caü và
pãñhaü và bhisiü và kocchaü và ajjhokàse santharitvà và santharàpetvà
và, taü pakkamanto neva uddhareyya na uddharàpeyya, anàpucchaü và
gaccheyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 124] [\x 124/]
Pàc 15: Dutiyasenàsanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu saïghike vihàre seyyaü
santharitvà và santharàpetvà và, taü pakkamanto neva uddhareyya na
uddharàpeyya, anàpucchaü và gaccheyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 128] [\x 128/]
Pàc 16: Anupakhajjasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu saïghike vihàre jànaü
pubbåpagataü bhikkhuü anupakhajja seyyaü kappeyya: ßYassa sambàdho
bhavissati, so pakkamissatãû-ti. Etad-eva paccayaü karitvà ana¤¤aü,
pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 132] [\x 132/]
Pàc 17: Nikkaóóhanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü kupito anattamano saïghikà vihàrà nikkaóóheyya và nikkaóóhàpeyya và, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 136] [\x 136/]
Pàc 18: Vehàsakåñisikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu saïghike vihàre
uparivehàsakuñiyà àhaccapàdakaü ma¤caü và pãñhaü và abhinisãdeyya và
abhinipajjeyya và, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 140] [\x 140/]
Pàc 19: Mahallakavihàrasikkhàpadaü:
Mahallakaü pana bhikkhunà vihàraü
kàrayamànena, yàva dvàrakosà aggalaññhapanàya àlokasandhiparikammàya
dvatticchadanassa pariyàyaü, appaharite ñhitena adhiññhàtabbaü. Tato ce
uttariü appaharite pi ñhito adhiññhaheyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 142] [\x 142/]
Pàc 20: Sappàõasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jànaü sappàõakaü udakaü tiõaü và mattikaü và si¤ceyya và si¤càpeyya và, pàcittiyaü.
Bhåtagàmavaggo dutiyo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 148] [\x 148/]
Pàc 21: Ovàdasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu asammato bhikkhuniyo ovadeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 160] [\x 160/]
Pàc 22: Atthaïgatasikkhàpadaü:
Sammato pi ce bhikkhu atthaïgate suriye bhikkhuniyo ovadeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page ] [\x /]
Pàc 23: Bhikkhunåpassayasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhunåpassayaü upsaïkamitvà bhikkhuniyo ovadeyya, a¤¤atra samayà, pàcittiyaü.
Tatthàyaü samayo: gilànà hoti bhikkhunã - ayaü tattha samayo.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 168] [\x 168/]
Pàc 24: âmisasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu evaü vadeyya: ßâmisahetu bhikkhå 16 bhikkhuniyo ovadantãû-ti, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 174] [\x 174/]
Pàc 25: Cãvaradànasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà cãvaraü dadeyya, a¤¤atra pàrivaññakà, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 178] [\x 178/]
Pàc 26: Cãvarasibbanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà cãvaraü sibbeyya và sibbàpeyya và, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page ] [\x /]
Pàc 27: Saüvidhànasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu 17 bhikkhuniyà saddhiü saüvidhàya ekaddhànamaggaü pañipajjeyya antamaso gàmantaram-pi, a¤¤atra samayà, pàcittiyaü.
Tatthàyaü samayo: satthagamanãyo hoti maggo sàsaïkasammato sappañibhayo - ayaü tattha samayo.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 186] [\x 186/]
Pàc 28: Nàvàbhiråhatasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuniyà saddhiü saüvidhàya ekaü nàvaü abhiråheyya uddhagàminiü 18 và adhogàminiü và, a¤¤atra tiriyaü taraõàya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 192] [\x 192/]
Pàc 29: Paripàcitasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jànaü bhikkhunãparipàcitaü piõóapàtaü bhu¤jeyya, a¤¤atra pubbe gihãsamàrambhà, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 196] [\x 196/]
Pàc 30: Rahonisajjasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuniyà saddhiü eko ekàya raho nisajjaü kappeyya, pàcittiyaü.
Bhikkhunovàdavaggo tatiyo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 202] [\x 202/]
Pàc 31: âvasathapiõóasikkhàpadaü:
Agilànena bhikkhunà eko àvasathapiõóo bhu¤jitabbo. Tato ce uttariü bhu¤jeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 210] [\x 210/]
Pàc 32: Gaõabhojanasikkhàpadaü:
Gaõabhojane, a¤¤atra samayà, pàcittiyaü.
Tatthàyaü samayo: gilànasamayo, cãvaradànasamayo, cãvarakàrasamayo,
addhànagamanasamayo, nàvàbhiråhanasamayo, mahàsamayo, samaõabhattasamayo
- ayaü tattha samayo.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 218] [\x 218/]
Pàc 33: Paramparabhojanasikkhàpadaü:
Paramparabhojane, a¤¤atra samayà, pàcittiyaü.
Tatthàyaü samayo: gilànasamayo, cãvaradànasamayo, cãvarakàrasamayo - ayaü tattha samayo.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 224] [\x 224/]
Pàc 34: Kàõamàtusikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva kulaü upagataü påvehi
và manthehi và abhihaññhuü pavàreyya. âkaïkhamànena bhikkhunà
dvattipattapårà pañiggahetabbà. Tato ce uttariü pañiggaõheyya,
pàcittiyaü.
Dvattipattapåre pañiggahetvà tato nãharitvà bhikkhåhi saddhiü saüvibhajitabbaü. Ayaü tattha sàmãci.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 230] [\x 230/]
Pàc 35: Pañhamapavàraõasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhuttàvã pavàrito anatirittaü, khàdanãyaü và bhojanãyaü và khàdeyya và bhu¤jeyya và, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 234] [\x 234/]
Pàc 36: Dutiyapavàraõasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü bhuttàviü
pavàritaü anatirittena khàdanãyena và bhojanãyena và abhihaññhuü
pavàreyya: ßHanda bhikkhu khàda và bhu¤ja vàû-ti, jànaü àsàdanàpekkho,
bhuttasmiü, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 238] [\x 238/]
Pàc 37: Vikàlabhojanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu vikàle khàdanãyaü và bhojanãyaü và khàdeyya và bhu¤jeyya và, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 242] [\x 242/]
Pàc 38: Sannidhikàrasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu 19 sannidhikàrakaü khàdanãyaü và bhojanãyaü và khàdeyya và bhu¤jeyya và, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 246] [\x 246/]
Pàc 39: Paõãtabhojanasikkhàpadaü:
Yàni kho pana tàni paõãtabhojanàni,
seyyathãdaü: sappi, navanãtaü, telaü, madhu, phàõitaü, maccho, maüsaü,
khãraü, dadhi. Yo pana bhikkhu evaråpàni paõãtabhojanàni agilàno attano
atthàya vi¤¤àpetvà bhu¤jeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 250] [\x 250/]
Pàc 40: Dantaponasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu adinnaü mukhadvàraü àhàraü àhareyya, a¤¤atra udakadantaponà, pàcittiyaü.
Bhojanavaggo catuttho
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 254] [\x 254/]
Pàc 41: Acelakasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu acelakassa và paribbàjakassa và paribbàjikàya và sahatthà khàdanãyaü và bhojanãyaü và dadeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 256] [\x 256/]
Pàc 42: Uyyojanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü: ßEhàvuso
gàmaü và nigamaü và piõóàya pavisissàmàû-ti. Tassa dàpetvà và adàpetvà
và uyyojeyya: ßGacchàvuso na me tayà saddhiü kathà và nisajjà và phàsu
hoti, ekakassa me kathà và nisajjà và phàsu hotãû-ti. Etad-eva paccayaü
karitvà ana¤¤aü, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 260] [\x 260/]
Pàc 43: Sabhojanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu sabhojane kule anupakhajja nisajjaü kappeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 264] [\x 264/]
Pàc 44: Pañhamarahonisajjasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu 20 màtugàmena saddhiü raho pañicchanne àsane nisajjaü kappeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 266] [\x 266/]
Pàc 45: Dutiyarahonisajjasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu màtugàmena saddhiü eko ekàya raho nisajjaü kappeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 274] [\x 274/]
Pàc 46: Càrittasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu nimantito sabhatto
samàno santaü bhikkhuü anàpucchà purebhattaü và pacchàbhattaü và kulesu
càrittaü àpajjeyya, a¤¤atra samayà, pàcittiyaü.
Tatthàyaü samayo: cãvaradànasamayo, cãvarakàrasamayo - ayaü tattha samayo.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 280] [\x 280/]
Pàc 47: Mahànàmasikkhàpadaü:
Agilànena bhikkhunà
càtumàsappaccayapavàraõà sàditabbà, a¤¤atra punapavàraõàya, a¤¤atra
niccapavàraõàya. Tato ce uttariü sàdiyeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 286] [\x 286/]
Pàc 48: Uyyuttasenàsikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu uyyuttaü senaü dassanàya gaccheyya, a¤¤atra tathàråpappaccayà, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 288] [\x 288/]
Pàc 49: Senàvàsasikkhàpadaü:
Siyà ca tassa bhikkhuno kocid-eva
paccayo senaü gamanàya, dirattatirattaü tena bhikkhunà senàya
vasitabbaü. Tato ce uttariü vaseyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 292] [\x 292/]
Pàc 50: Uyyodhikasikkhàpadaü:
Dirattatirattaü ce bhikkhu senàya vasamàno uyyodhikaü và balaggaü và senàbyåhaü và anãkadassanaü và gaccheyya, pàcittiyaü.
Acelakavaggo pa¤camo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 300] [\x 300/]
Pàc 51: Suràpànasikkhàpadaü:
Suràmerayapàne, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 302] [\x 302/]
Pàc 52: Aïgulipatodakasikkhàpadaü:
Aïgulipatodake, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 304] [\x 304/]
Pàc 53: Hassadhammasikkhàpadaü:
Udake hassadhamme, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 306] [\x 306/]
Pàc 54: Anàdariyasikkhapadaü:
Anàdariye, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 310] [\x 310/]
Pàc 55: Bhiüsàpanakasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü bhiüsàpeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 314] [\x 314/]
Pàc 56: Jotisikkhapadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu agilàno visibbanàpekkho jotiü samàdaheyya và samàdahàpeyya và, a¤¤atra tathàråpappaccayà, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 322] [\x 322/]
Pàc 57: Nahàtasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu orenaddhamàsaü nahàyeyya, a¤¤atra samayà, pàcittiyaü.
Tatthàyaü samayo: diyaóóho màso seso gimhànan-ti, vassànassa pañhamo
màso, iccete aóóhateyyamàsà, uõhasamayo, pariëàhasamayo, gilànasamayo,
kammasamayo, addhànagamanasamayo, vàtavuññhisamayo - ayaü tattha samayo.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 324] [\x 324/]
Pàc 58: Dubbaõõakarasikkhàpadaü:
Navaü pana bhikkhunà cãvaralàbhena
tiõõaü dubbaõõakaraõànaü a¤¤ataraü dubbaõõakaraõaü àdàtabbaü, nãlaü và
kaddamaü và kàëasàmaü và. Anàdà ce bhikkhu tiõõaü dubbaõõakaraõànaü
a¤¤ataraü dubbaõõakaraõaü navaü cãvaraü paribhu¤jeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 328] [\x 328/]
Pàc 59: Vikappanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhussa và
bhikkhuniyà và sikkhamànàya và sàmaõerassa và sàmaõeriyà và sàmaü
cãvaraü vikappetvà apaccuddhàrakaü paribhu¤jeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 332] [\x 332/]
Pàc 60: Cãvaràpanidhànasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu 21
bhikkhussa pattaü và cãvaraü và nisãdanaü và såcigharaü và
kàyabandhanaü và apanidheyya và apanidhàpeyya và antamaso hassàpekkho
pi, pàcittiyaü.
Suràpànavaggo chaññho
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 336] [\x 336/]
Pàc 61: Sa¤ciccapàõasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu sa¤cicca pàõaü jãvità voropeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 338] [\x 338/]
Pàc 62: Sappàõakasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jànaü sappàõakaü udakaü paribhu¤jeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 340] [\x 340/]
Pàc 63: Ukkoñanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jànaü yathàdhammaü nihatàdhikaraõaü punakammàya ukkoñeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 344] [\x 344/]
Pàc 64: Duññhullasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhussa jànaü duññhullaü àpattiü pañicchàdeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 348] [\x 348/]
Pàc 65: ænavãsativassasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jànaü ånavãsativassaü
puggalaü upasampàdeyya, so ca puggalo anupasampanno, te ca bhikkhå
gàrayhà. Idaü tasmiü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 352] [\x 352/]
Pàc 66: Theyyasatthasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jànaü theyyasatthena saddhiü saüvidhàya ekaddhànamaggaü pañipajjeyya antamaso gàmantaram-pi, pàcittiyaü
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 354] [\x 354/]
Pàc 67: Saüvidhànasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu màtugàmena saddhiü saüvidhàya ekaddhànamaggaü pañipajjeyya antamaso gàmantaram-pi, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 362] [\x 362/]
Pàc 68: Ariññhasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu evaü vadeyya:
ßTathàhaü Bhagavatà dhammaü desitaü àjànàmi. Yathà yeme antaràyikà
dhammà vuttà Bhagavatà, te pañisevato nàlaü antaràyàyàû-ti. So bhikkhu
bhikkhåhi evam-assa vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà evaü avaca. Mà Bhagavantaü
abbhàcikkhi, na hi sàdhu Bhagavato abbhakkhànaü, na hi Bhagavà evaü
vadeyya. Anekapariyàyena àvuso antaràyikà dhammà antaràyikà vuttà
Bhagavatà, ala¤-ca pana te pañisevato antaràyàyàû-ti. Eva¤-ca pana so
bhikkhu bhikkhåhi vuccamàno tatheva paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbo tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiyaü ce
samanubhàsiyamàno tam-pañinissajjeyya iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
pañinissajjeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 366] [\x 366/]
Pàc 69: Ukkhittasambhogasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jànaü tathàvàdinà
bhikkhunà akañànudhammena taü diññhiü appañinissaññhena saddhiü
sambhu¤jeyya và saüvaseyya và saha và seyyaü kappeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 374] [\x 374/]
Pàc 70: Kaõñakasikkhàpadaü:
Samaõuddeso
pi ce evaü vadeyya: ßTathàhaü Bhagavatà dhammaü desitaü àjànàmi. Yathà
yeme antaràyikà dhammà vuttà Bhagavatà, te pañisevato nàlaü
antaràyàyàû-ti. So samaõuddeso bhikkhåhi evam-assa vacanãyo: ßMà àvuso
samaõuddesa evaü avaca. Mà Bhagavantaü abbhàcikkhi, na hi sàdhu
Bhagavato abbhakkhànaü, na hi Bhagavà evaü vadeyya. Anekapariyàyena
àvuso samaõuddesa antaràyikà dhammà antaràyikà vuttà Bhagavatà, ala¤-ca
pana te pañisevato antaràyàyàû-ti. Eva¤-ca pana so samaõuddeso bhikkhåhi
vuccamàno tatheva paggaõheyya, so samaõuddeso bhikkhåhi evam-assa
vacanãyo: ßAjjatagge te àvuso samaõuddesa na ceva so Bhagavà satthà
apadisitabbo, yam-pi ca¤¤e samaõuddesà labhanti bhikkhåhi saddhiü
dirattatirattaü sahaseyyaü, sàpi te natthi, cara pare vinassàû-ti. Yo
pana bhikkhu 22 jànaü tathànàsitaü samaõuddesaü upalàpeyya và upaññhàpeyya và sambhu¤jeyya và saha và seyyaü kappeyya, pàcittiyaü.
Sappàõakavaggo sattamo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 380] [\x 380/]
Pàc 71: Sahadhammikasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
sahadhammikaü vuccamàno evaü vadeyya: ßNa tàvàhaü àvuso etasmiü
sikkhàpade sikkhissàmi, yàva na a¤¤aü bhikkhuü vyattaü vinayadharaü
paripucchàmãû-ti, pàcittiyaü.
Sikkhamànena bhikkhave bhikkhunà a¤¤àtabbaü paripucchitabbaü paripa¤hitabbaü. Ayaü tattha sàmãci.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 384] [\x 384/]
Pàc 72: Vilekhanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu pàtimokkhe uddissamàne
evaü vadeyya: ßKiü panimehi khuddànukhuddakehi sikkhàpadehi uddiññhehi,
yàvad-eva kukkuccàya, vihesàya, vilekhàya saüvattantãû-ti.
Sikkhàpadavivaõõake, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 388] [\x 388/]
Pàc 73: Mohanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu anvaddhamàsaü
pàtimokkhe uddissamàne evaü vadeyya: ßIdàneva kho ahaü jànàmi, ayam-pi
kira dhammo suttàgato suttapariyàpanno anvaddhamàsaü uddesaü
àgacchatãû-ti. Ta¤-ce bhikkhuü a¤¤e bhikkhå jàneyyum: ßNisinnapubbaü
iminà bhikkhunà dvattikkhattuü pàtimokkhe uddissamàne. Ko pana vàdo
bhiyyo na ca tassa bhikkhuno a¤¤àõakena mutti atthi. Ya¤-ca tattha
àpattiü àpanno, ta¤-ca yathàdhammo kàretabbo, uttariü cassa moho
àropetabbo: ßTassa te àvuso alàbhà, tassa te dulladdhaü. Yaü tvaü
pàtimokkhe uddissamàne, na sàdhukaü aññhikatvà manasikarosãû-ti. Idaü
tasmiü mohanake, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 392] [\x 392/]
Pàc 74: Pahàrasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhussa kupito anattamano pahàraü dadeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 396] [\x 396/]
Pàc 75: Talasattikasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhussa kupito anattamano talasattikaü uggireyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 398] [\x 398/]
Pàc 76: Amålakasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü amålakena saïghàdisesena anuddhaüseyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 400] [\x 400/]
Pàc 77: Sa¤ciccasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhussa sa¤cicca
kukkuccaü upadaheyya: ßItissa muhuttam-pi aphàsu bhavissatãû-ti.
Etad-eva paccayaü karitvà ana¤¤aü, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 404] [\x 404/]
Pàc 78: Upassutisikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhånaü
bhaõóanajàtànaü kalahajàtànaü vivàdàpannànaü upassutiü tiññheyya: ßYaü
ime bhaõissanti, taü sossàmãû-ti. Etad-eva paccayaü karitvà ana¤¤aü,
pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 408] [\x 408/]
Pàc 79: Kammapañibàhanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu dhammikànaü kammànaü chandaü datvà pacchà khãyanadhammaü àpajjeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 410] [\x 410/]
Pàc 80: Chandaüadatvàgamanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu saïghe vinicchayakathàya vattamànàya chandaü adatvà uññhàyàsanà pakkameyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 412] [\x 412/]
Pàc 81: Dabbasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu samaggena saïghena
cãvaraü datvà pacchà khãyanadhammaü àpajjeyya: ßYathàsanthutaü bhikkhå
saïghikaü làbhaü pariõàmentãû-ti, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 418] [\x 418/]
Pàc 82: Pariõàmanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jànaü saïghikaü làbhaü pariõataü puggalassa pariõàmeyya, pàcittiyaü.
Sahadhammikavaggo aññhamo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 428] [\x 428/]
Pàc 83: Ràjantarapurasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu 23 ra¤¤o khattiyassa muddhàvisittassa anikkhantaràjake anãgataratanake pubbe appañisaüvidito indakhãlaü atikkàmeyya, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 434] [\x 434/]
Pàc 84: Ratanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu ratanaü và ratanasammataü và, a¤¤atra ajjhàràmà và ajjhàvasathà và uggaõheyya và uggaõhàpeyya và, pàcittiyaü.
Ratanaü và pana bhikkhunà ratanasammataü và ajjhàràme và ajjhàvasathe
và uggahetvà và uggahàpetvà và nikkhipitabbaü: ßYassa bhavissati, so
harissatãû-ti. Ayaü tattha sàmãci.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 440] [\x 440/]
Pàc 85: Vikàlagàmappavesanasikkhàpadaü: 24
Yo pana bhikkhu santaü bhikkhuü anàpucchà vikàle gàmaü paviseyya, a¤¤atra tathàråpà accàyikà karaõãyà, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 444] [\x 444/]
Pàc 86: Såcigharasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu 25 aññhimayaü và dantamayaü và visàõamayaü và såcigharaü kàràpeyya, bhedanakaü, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 446] [\x 446/]
Pàc 87: Ma¤casikkhàpadaü:
Navaü pana bhikkhunà ma¤caü và pãñhaü
và kàrayamànena aññhaïgulapàdakaü kàretabbaü Sugataïgulena, a¤¤atra
heññhimàya añaniyà. Taü atikkàmayato, chedanakaü, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 450] [\x 450/]
Pàc 88: Tålonaddhasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu ma¤caü và pãñhaü và tålonaddhaü kàràpeyya, uddàlanakaü, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 452] [\x 452/]
Pàc 89: Nisãdanasikkhàpadaü:
Nisãdanaü pana bhikkhunà kàrayamànena
pamàõikaü kàretabbaü. Tatridaü pamàõaü: dãghaso dve vidatthiyo
Sugatavidatthiyà, tiriyaü diyaóóhaü, dasà vidatthi. Taü atikkàmayato,
chedanakaü, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 456] [\x 456/]
Pàc 90: Kaõóupañicchàdisikkhàpadaü:
Kaõóupañicchàdiü pana bhikkhunà kàrayamànena pamàõikà kàretabbà. Tatridaü 26 pamàõaü: dãghaso catasso vidatthiyo Sugatavidatthiyà, tiriyaü dve vidatthiyo. Taü atikkàmayato, chedanakaü, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 458] [\x 458/]
Pàc 91: Vassikasàñikasikkhàpadaü:
Vassikasàñikaü pana bhikkhunà kàrayamànena pamàõikà kàretabbà. Tatridaü 27 pamàõaü: dãghaso cha vidatthiyo Sugatavidatthiyà, tiriyaü aóóhateyyà. Taü atikkàmayato, chedanakaü, pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 460] [\x 460/]
Pàc 92: Nandattherasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu Sugatacãvarappamàõaü cãvaraü kàràpeyya atirekaü và, chedanakaü, pàcittiyaü.
Tatridaü 28
Sugatassa Sugatacãvarappamàõaü: dãghaso nava vidatthiyo
Sugatavidatthiyà, tiriyaü cha vidatthiyo. Idaü Sugatassa
Sugatacãvarappamàõaü.
Ràjavaggo navamo
[BJT Vol II (I), Page 462] [\x 462/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto dvenavuti pàcittiyà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Pàcittiyà niññhità
Next Section
End Notes
15 BJT note: Uttari - ChS.
16 BJT note: Therà bhikkhå - ChS.
17 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhikkhå - printer’s error.
18 BJT note: Uddhaü gàmaniü - ChS.
19 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhikkhå - printer’s error.
20 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhikkhå - printer’s error.
21 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhikkhå - printer’s error.
22 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhikkhå - printer’s error.
23 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhikkhå - printer’s error.
24 Editor’s note: BJT, against its normal practice writes the title as two words: Vikàle gàmappavesanasikkhàpadaü.
25 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhikkhå - printer’s error.
26 Editor’s note: BJT, Tatrãdaü - BJT wavers between Tatridaü & tatrãdaü, for the sake of consistency the former spelling has been preferred here.
27 Editor’s note: BJT, Tatrãdaü - see note above.
28 Editor’s note: BJT, Tatrãdaü - see note above.
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927 LESSON 22-05-2013 WEDNESDAY-FREE ONLINE eNālāndā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY-
23-05-2013 Thursday 2.30 PM
Venue: Indira Gandhi Institute of Child health, Hosur Road, Bengaluru
Children Service
Led by
Shri K.N.Srinivas
Chairman, Amar Jyothi Educational Institutions, Bengaluru
Service by
Samyak Prabodhan, Bangalore
________________________________________________________________________________________
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi
MISUSE OF EVM _ PART - 12
AWAKENED ONE WITH AWARENESS ONE’S FAIR TRADE PRACTICE
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/a/small-business-ideas.htm
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/qt/Virtual-Assistant-Small-Business-Idea.htm
Virtual Assistant Small Business Idea
The Pros and Cons of Starting a Virtual Assistant Business
A virtual assistant is a business owner who supports other small
business owners or entrepreneurs in a variety of industries by providing
administrative, creative and/or technical services.
As outsourcing becomes a standard process for small business owners
everywhere, more and more entrepreneurs will be looking to virtual
assistants for help in advancing their businesses.
If you thrive on collaborating with other small business owners, can
think on your feet and enjoy taking control of and improving scattered
processes, a virtual assistant small business may be the perfect business idea for you.
The Pros
Some of the reasons you might want to start a virtual assistant business include:
- Your business can be entirely home-based.
- Startup costs are minimal, especially if you already have a home office set up.
- You can provide general business support services, or specialize
in a specific area such as real estate, social media, Internet
marketing, etc.
- You can create a business with flexible work hours.
- There are hundreds of high-quality resources online to advance your skills, knowledge and experience.
- You get to use exciting and fun software and tools every day.
- You can grow your business to the point where you outsource extra work to subcontractors.
- There is no specific education, training or certifications required to become a virtual assistant.
- You can provide ongoing services for your clients and create long-term relationships.
The Cons
Some of the potential challenges of starting a virtual assistant business include:
- It can be difficult to get clients when you first start your business.
- You may find that you’re competing with offshore support people who charge a very low hourly rate.
- As the industry grows, so does your competition.
- It can be difficult to identify the right rate to charge.
- You have to be willing to continuously keep up with technology and expand your knowledge.
- You have to be careful to maintain independent contractors status as defined by the IRS.
- You may find it challenging to work with clients who are used to hiring employees instead of delegating to another business owner.
- Your work could be high-stress and deadline-driven.
- You may need liability insurance, depending on the services you offer.
Recommended Resources
More Business Opportunities
Business Startup Resources
21-05-2013
• MISUSE OF EVM _ PART -11
•
• New voter verifiable paper trail (VVPT) machines to replace the EVMs, following doubts that it could be tampered.Voting Machines are “Calculators which can be manipulated by computer softwares”. New Machines are ordered by EC, where a paper slip will come out with EVM voting which will be then deposited in a box. What is the use? Paper Slip will show that voter has casted vote for “Party A”, but calculator software will add vote to “Party B”! The Computers are programmable. No use for such fake paper slips. In Superior Courts it has been demonstrated how these computers can be manipulated and how it can be pre-programmed to make sure victory to one candidate during election. The EVM machines have killed Democracy and have all the potentials to do so. The ruling castes are manipulating EVMs to make sure victory to them depriving the dipressed classes to enable them to acquire the MASTER KEY that can unlock all doors of progress to the entire people.
•
• Under such circumstances the following exposure by media had no relevance during the last Karnataka Assembly Elections 2013 where the Congress won and the trend will continue in the forth coming General Elections until the Superior Court and the upholders of Democracy including the free and fair media.
6 Benefits and Risks of Source Availability
Open and disclosed source software present options for improving the performance and public scrutiny of computerized voting systems as they become even more complex. In this section we try to ascertain potential benefits and risks involved in these two models and use this information to evaluate various policy options. Here, we highlight the risks and benefits of both open source and disclosed source software as used in voting systems, by regulatory or legislative mandate or by vendor choice.
If a vendor chooses to use open source software as the basis for the functioning of their system, the most obvious benefit would be the direct access available to source code; anyone who accepts the terms of the open source license will, at least, have the freedom to examine the code. Many more individuals will be able to examine the code using manual or automated analysis. This is one piece necessary to catalyze comprehensive source code review, a key component of the increased security and reliability of source-available software systems.56
Disclosed code provides for enhanced access, but does not necessarily support the robust testing that open source code promotes, due to possible restraints on the making of derivative works — such as compiled or modified code — and other manipulations key to certain forms of testing. Disclosed source code regimes provide vendors more flexibility to protect the intellectual property interests than standard open source licenses, which require at a minimum the abilities to copy, modify, prepare derivative works and distribute source code.
Open source software has interesting implications for competition in the market, as the role of copyright and trade secrecy in limiting competition is removed. Therefore a vendor’s competitors would be free to modify their code and compete against them with it. Naturally, intellectual property claims will, in general, cease to be a hurdle in commenting on, evaluating, using and procuring these open source voting systems. This is significant given recent efforts by vendors to use IP claims to frustrate oversight and testing of voting systems.57Few, if any, of these cases would have been an issue with an open source voting system as in each case the user of the system would be able to exercise their rights to copy, modify and distribute the software of the system. With disclosed source, we would not have the clear cut case where intellectual property claims become less of an issue, as such claims would now turn substantially on the substance of the disclosed source license the vendor chose to use; it is likely that a vendor would choose to restrict rights to improve its competitive position.
However, there are risks associated with fielding an open or disclosed source voting system. Since computer scientists have yet to find a method for writing bug-free software, public disclosure of the system source code will inevitably result in disclosing vulnerabilities. Voting systems are not the same as general-purpose computing technology. Voting technology is used highly infrequently, runs specialized software and is difficult to upgrade or change without extensive vendor involvement. In the case of voting systems, disclosing information on known vulnerabilities arguably helps would-be attackers more than system defenders.58Those tasked with defending voting systems — usually local election officials and their staff — are poorly positioned to shore-up these systems in the case of a serious source code-level vulnerability. Setting aside the fact that most jurisdictions don’t have access to system source code, in most states any changes in the system’s software will need to be recertified at the Federal and State level before being reinstalled on voting equipment.59
Open or disclosed source code voting systems will need to be accompanied by contingency planning in the face of system flaws. Simple flaws may be innocuous enough to allow for the usual running of the election. For serious flaws, such as if there were any suspicion that the flaw will affect the voter experience or the casting, storage and counting of vote data, there will need to be a mechanism to mitigate serious vulnerabilities close to an election. Among the options here would be a “postpone, then patch'’ strategy where the election in question would be postponed, a fix for the vulnerability developed, the system quickly recertified at the Federal and State level and then the new system used in the postponed election.60Another option, more simple than the last, would be for each jurisdiction to be prepared to run the entire election using paper ballots and hand counting. Naturally, jurisdictions using closed source products likely face these problems — known or unknown — now and will want to consider and plan for contingencies; open and disclosed source code raise the stakes of identified flaws.
1a: âràdhanà 1
(Spoken by the senior monk)
Pubbakaraõapubbakiccàni samàpetvà imissa nisinnassa bhikkhusaïghassa anumatiyà Pàtimokkhaü uddesituü ajjhesanaü karomi.
1b: Okàsakammaü
(Spoken by the recitor)
Okàsa me bhante thero dethu Vinayakathaü kathetuü.
2: Pubbakiccaü
(Spoken by the recitor)
Sammajjanã padãpo ca ~ udakaü àsanena ca
uposathassa etàni ~ pubbakaraõan-ti vuccati.
Chandapàrisuddhi-utukkhànaü bhikkhugaõanà ca ovàdo
uposathassa etàni pubbakiccan-ti vuccati.
Uposatho yàvatikà ca bhikkhå
kammapattà sabhàgàpattiyo
na vijjanti vajjanãyà ca puggalà
tasmiü na honti pattakallan-ti vuccati.
Pubbakaraõapubbakiccàni samàpetvà desitàppikassa samaggassa bhikkhusaïghassa anumatiyà pàtimokkhaü uddisitum-àràdhanaü karoma.
[BJT Vol 3, Page 250] [\x 250/]
(Nidànuddeso) 2
Suõàtu me bhante saïgha, yadi saïghassa3
pattakallaü, saïgho uposathaü kareyya pàtimokkhaü uddiseyya. Kiü
saïghassa pubbakiccaü? Pàrisuddhiü àyasmanto àrocetha Pàtimokkhaü
uddisissàmi. Taü sabbeva santà sàdhukaü suõoma manasikaroma.
Yassa siyà àpatti, so àvãkareyya. Asantiyà àpattiyà, tuõhã
bhavitabbaü. Tuõhã bhàvena kho panàyasmante parisuddhà-ti vedissàmi.
Yathà kho pana paccekapuññhassa veyyàkaraõaü hoti, evam-evaü evaråpàya
parisàya yàvatatiyaü anusàvitaü hoti. Yo pana bhikkhu yàvatatiyaü
anusàviyamàne saramàno santiü àpattiü nàvãkareyya, sampajànamusàvàdassa
hoti. Sampajànamusàvàdo kho panàyasmanto antaràyiko dhammo vutto
Bhagavatà. Tasmà saramànena bhikkhunà àpannena visuddhàpekkhena santã
àpatti àvãkàtabbà. âvãkatà hissa phàsu hoti.
Nidànaü niññhitaü
(Pàràjikuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 028] [\x 028/]
Tatrime cattàro pàràjikà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti. 5
[BJT Vol I, Page 056] [\x 056/]
Pàr 1: (Methunadhammasikkhàpadaü 6):
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhånaü
sikkhàsàjãvasamàpanno sikkhaü apaccakkhàya dubbalyaü anàvãkatvà methunaü
dhammaü pañiseveyya, antamaso tiracchànagatàya pi - pàràjiko hoti,
asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 104] [\x 104/]
Pàr 2: (Adinnàdànasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu gàmà và ara¤¤à và
adinnaü theyyasankhàtaü àdiyeyya. Yathàråpe adinnàdàne ràjàno coraü
gahetvà haneyyuü và bandheyyuü và pabbàjeyyuü và: ßCorosi, bàlosi,
måëhosi, thenosã-ti!û. Tathàråpaü bhikkhu adinnaü àdiyamàno - ayam-pi
pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 160] [\x 160/]
Pàr 3: (Manussaviggahasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu sa¤cicca
manussaviggahaü jãvità voropeyya, satthahàrakaü vàssa pariyeseyya,
maraõavaõõaü và saüvaõõeyya, maraõàya và samàdapeyya: ßAmbho purisa kiü
tuyhiminà pàpakena dujjãvitena? Matante jãvità seyyo ti!û Iti cittamano
cittasaïkappo anekapariyàyena maraõavaõõaü và saüvaõõeyya, maraõàya và
samàdapeyya - ayam-pi pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 200] [\x 200/]
Pàr 4: (Uttarimanussadhammasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu anabhijànaü
uttarimanussadhammaü attåpanàyikaü alam-ariya¤àõadassanaü samudàcareyya:
ßIti jànàmi, iti passàmã-ti!û Tato aparena samayena samanuggàhiyamàno
và asamanuggàhiyamàno và àpanno visuddhàpekkho evaü vadeyya:
ßAjànam-evàhaü àvuso avacaü: jànàmi; apassaü: passàmi; tucchaü musà
vilapin-tiû, a¤¤atra adhimànà - ayam-pi pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 254] [\x 254/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto cattàro pàràjikà dhammà. Yesaü bhikkhu a¤¤ataraü và a¤¤ataraü và àpajjitvà na labhati bhikkhåhi 7 saddhiü saüvàsaü. Yathà pure, tathà pacchà, pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha 8 parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, 9 evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Pàràjikaü niññhitaü
(Saïghàdisesuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 256] [\x 256/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto terasa saïghàdisesà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 260] [\x 260/]
Sd 1: Sukkavisaññhisikkhàpadaü: 10
Sa¤cetanikà sukkavisaññhi, a¤¤atra supinantà, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 294] [\x 294/]
Sd 2: Kàyasaüsaggasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmena saddhiü kàyasaüsaggaü samàpajjeyya, hatthagàhaü và
veõigàhaü và a¤¤atarassa và a¤¤atarassa và aïgassa paràmasanaü,
saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 320] [\x 320/]
Sd 3: Duññhullavàcàsikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmaü duññhullàhi vàcàhi obhàseyya. Yathà taü yuvà yuvatiü
methunåpasaühitàhi, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 332] [\x 332/]
Sd 4: Antakàmapàricariyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmassa santike attakàmapàricariyàya vaõõaü bhàseyya:
ßEtad-aggaü bhagini pàricariyànaü yà màdisaü sãlavantaü kalyàõadhammaü
brahmacàriü etena dhammena paricareyyàû-ti, methunåpasaühitena,
saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 344] [\x 344/]
Sd 5: Sa¤carittasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu sa¤carittaü
samàpajjeyya, itthiyà và purisamatiü, purisassa và itthimatiü, jàyattane
và jàrattane và, antamaso taïkhaõikàya pi, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 382] [\x 382/]
Sd 6: Kuñikàrasikkhàpadaü:
Sa¤¤àcikàya pana bhikkhunà kuñiü
kàrayamànena assàmikaü attuddesaü pamàõikà kàretabbà. Tatridaü pamàõaü:
dãghaso dvàdasa vidatthiyo Sugatavidatthiyà tiriyaü sattantarà. Bhikkhå
abhinetabbà vatthudesanàya, tehi bhikkhåhi vatthuü desetabbaü anàrambhaü
saparikkamanaü. Sàrambhe ce bhikkhu vatthusmiü aparikkamane sa¤¤àcikàya
kuñiü kàreyya, bhikkhå và anabhineyya vatthudesanàya, pamàõaü và
atikkàmeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 406] [\x 406/]
Sd 7: Vihàrakàrasikkhàpadaü:
Mahallakaü pana bhikkhunà vihàraü
kàrayamànena sassàmikaü attuddesaü bhikkhå abhinetabbà vatthudesanàya.
Tehi bhikkhåhi vatthuü desetabbaü anàrambhaü saparikkamanaü. Sàrambhe ce
bhikkhu vatthusmiü aparikkamane mahallakaü vihàraü kàreyya, bhikkhå và
anabhineyya vatthudesanàya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 424] [\x 424/]
Sd 8: Pañhamaduññhadosasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü duññho doso
appatãto amålakena pàràjikena dhammena anuddhaüseyya: ßAppeva nàma naü
imamhà brahmacariyà càveyyan-ti.û. Tato aparena samayena
samanuggàhiyamàno và asamanuggàhiyamàno và, amålaka¤-ceva taü
adhikaraõaü hoti, bhikkhu ca dosaü patiññhàti, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 436] [\x 436/]
Sd 9: Dutiyaduññhadosasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü duññho doso
appatãto a¤¤abhàgiyassa adhikaraõassa ki¤ci desaü lesamattaü upàdàya
pàràjikena dhammena anuddhaüseyya: ßAppeva nàma naü imamhà brahmacariyà
càveyyan-ti.û Tato aparena samayena samanuggàhiyamàno và
asamanuggàhiyamàno và, a¤¤abhàgiya¤-ceva taü adhikaraõaü hoti, koci deso
lesamatto upàdinno, bhikkhu ca dosaü patiññhàti, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 452] [\x 452/]
Sd 10: Pañhamasaïghabhedasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana
bhikkhu samaggassa saïghassa bhedàya parakkameyya bhedanasaüvattanikaü
và adhikaraõaü samàdàya paggayha tiññheyya. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
evam-assa vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà samaggassa saïghassa bhedàya parakkami
bhedanasaüvattanikaü và adhikaraõaü samàdàya paggayha aññhàsi.
Sametàyasmà saïghena, samaggo hi saïgho sammodamàno avivadamàno ekuddeso
phàsu viharatãû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi vuccamàno tatheva
paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbo tassa
pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce samanubhàsiyamàno taü pañinissajeyya, 11 iccetaü kusalaü. No ce pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 456] [\x 456/]
Sd 11: Dutiyasaïghabhedasikkhàpadaü:
Tasseva kho pana bhikkhussa bhikkhå
honti anuvattakà vaggavàdakà, eko và dve và tayo và, te evaü vadeyyuü:
ßMà àyasmanto etaü bhikkhuü ki¤ci avacuttha, dhammavàdã ceso bhikkhu,
vinayavàdã ceso bhikkhu, amhàka¤-ceso bhikkhu; chanda¤-ca, ruci¤-ca
àdàya voharati, jànàti no bhàsati, amhàkam-petaü khamatãû-ti. Te bhikkhå
bhikkhåhi evam-assu vacanãyà: ßMà àyasmanto evaü avacuttha. Na ceso
bhikkhu dhammavàdã, na ceso bhikkhu vinayavàdã. Mà àyasmantànam-pi
saïghabhedo ruccittha. Sametàyasmantànaü saïghena, samaggo hi saïgho
sammodamàno avivadamàno ekuddeso phàsu viharatãû-ti. Eva¤-ca te bhikkhå
bhikkhåhi vuccamànà tatheva paggaõheyyuü, te bhikkhå bhikkhåhi
yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbà tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce
samanubhàsiyamànà taü pañinissajeyyuü, iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
pañinissajeyyuü, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 462] [\x 462/]
Sd 12: Dubbacasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhu paneva dubbacajàtiko hoti.
Uddesapariyàpannesu sikkhàpadesu bhikkhåhi sahadhammikaü vuccamàno
attànaü avacanãyaü karoti: ßMà maü àyasmanto ki¤ci avacuttha, kalyàõaü
và pàpakaü và. Aham-pàyasmante na ki¤ci vakkhàmi, kalyàõaü và pàpakaü
và. Viramathàyasmanto mama vacanàyàû-ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa
vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà attànaü avacanãyaü akàsi. Vacanãyam-evàyasmà
attànaü karotu. âyasmà pi bhikkhå vadetu sahadhammena, bhikkhå pi
àyasmantaü vakkhanti sahadhammena. Evaü saüvaddhà hi tassa Bhagavato
parisà, yadidaü a¤¤am-a¤¤avacanena a¤¤am-a¤¤avuññhàpanenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca
so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi vuccamàno tatheva paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbo tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce
samanubhàsiyamàno taü pañinissajeyya iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 476] [\x 476/]
Sd 13: Kuladåsakasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhu paneva a¤¤ataraü gàmaü và
nigamaü và upanissàya viharati kuladåsako pàpasamàcàro. Tassa kho pàpakà
samàcàrà dissanti ceva suyyanti ca. Kulàni ca tena duññhàni dissanti
ceva suyyanti ca. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa vacanãyo: ßâyasmà kho
kuladåsako pàpasamàcàro. âyasmato kho pàpakà samàcàrà dissanti ceva
suyyanti ca. Kulàni càyasmatà duññhàni dissanti ceva suyyanti ca.
Pakkamatàyasmà imamhà àvàsà. Alan-te idha vàsenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu
bhikkhåhi vuccamàno te bhikkhå evaü vadeyya: ßChandagàmino ca bhikkhå,
dosagàmino ca bhikkhå, mohagàmino ca bhikkhå, bhayagàmino ca bhikkhå.
Tàdisikàya àpattiyà ekaccaü pabbàjenti, ekaccaü na pabbàjentãû-ti. So
bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà evaü avaca, na ca
bhikkhå chandagàmino, na ca bhikkhå dosagàmino, na ca bhikkhå
mohagàmino, na ca bhikkhå bhayagàmino. âyasmà kho kuladåsako
pàpasamàcàro. âyasmato kho pàpakà samàcàrà dissanti ceva suyyanti ca.
Kulàni càyasmatà duññhàni dissanti ceva suyyanti ca. Pakkamatàyasmà
imamhà àvàsà. Alan-te idha vàsenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
vuccamàno tatheva paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi yàvatatiyaü
samanubhàsitabbo tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce samanubhàsiyamàno
taü pañinissajeyya iccetaü kusalaü. No ce pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 482] [\x 482/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto terasa
saïghàdisesà dhammà, nava pañhamàpattikà cattàro yàvatatiyakà. Yesaü
bhikkhu a¤¤ataraü và a¤¤ataraü và àpajjitvà, yàvatihaü jànaü
pañicchàdeti, tàvatihaü tena bhikkhunà akàmà parivatthabbaü.
Parivutthaparivàsena bhikkhunà uttarichàrattaü bhikkhumànattàya
pañipajjitabbaü. Ciõõamànatto bhikkhu: yattha siyà vãsatigaõo
bhikkhusaïgho, tattha so bhikkhu abbhetabbo. Ekena pi ce åno vãsatigaõo
bhikkhusaïgho taü bhikkhuü abbheyya, so ca bhikkhu anabbhito, te ca
bhikkhå gàrayhà. Ayaü tattha sàmãci.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Saïghàdiseso niññhito
(Aniyatuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 484] [\x 484/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto dve aniyatà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 486] [\x 486/]
Aniy 1: Pañhama-aniyatasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu màtugàmena saddhiü eko
ekàya raho pañicchanne àsane alaïkammaniye nisajjaü kappeyya. Tam-enaü
saddheyyavacasà upàsikà disvà tiõõaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena vadeyya:
pàràjikena và saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Nisajjaü bhikkhu
pañijànamàno tiõõaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena kàretabbo: pàràjikena và
saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Yena và sà saddheyyavacasà upàsikà
vadeyya, tena so bhikkhu kàretabbo. Ayaü dhammo aniyato.
[BJT Vol I, Page 492] [\x 492/]
Aniy 2: Dutiya-aniyatasikkhàpadaü:
Na heva kho pana pañicchannaü àsanaü
hoti nàlaïkammaniyaü. Ala¤-ca kho hoti màtugàmaü duññhullàhi vàcàhi
obhàsituü. Yo pana bhikkhu tathàråpe àsane màtugàmena saddhiü eko ekàya
raho nisajjaü kappeyya. Tam-enaü saddheyyavacasà upàsikà disvà dvinnaü
dhammànaü a¤¤atarena vadeyya saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Nisajjaü
bhikkhu pañijànamàno dvinnaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena kàretabbo
saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Yena và sà saddheyyavacasà upàsikà
vadeyya, tena so bhikkhu kàretabbo. Ayam-pi dhammo aniyato.
[BJT Vol I, Page 496] [\x 496/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto dve aniyatà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Aniyato niññhito
(Nissaggiyapàcittiyà)
[BJT Vol I, Page 498] [\x 498/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto tiüsa nissaggiyà pàcittiyà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 500] [\x 500/]
NP 1: Pañhamakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, dasàhaparamaü atirekacãvaraü dhàretabbaü. Taü
atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 504] [\x 504/]
NP 2: Dutiyakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, ekarattam-pi ce bhikkhu ticãvarena vippavaseyya,
a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 512] [\x 512/]
NP 3: Tatiyakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, bhikkhuno paneva akàlacãvaraü uppajjeyya.
âkaïkhamànena bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbaü, pañiggahetvà khippam-eva
kàretabbaü. No cassa pàripåri, màsaparamaü tena bhikkhunà taü cãvaraü
nikkhipitabbaü ånassa pàripåriyà, satiyà paccàsàya. Tato ce uttariü
nikkhipeyya, satiyà pi paccàsàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 518] [\x 518/]
NP 4: Puràõacãvarasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà puràõacãvaraü dhovàpeyya và rajàpeyya và àkoñàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 524] [\x 524/]
NP 5: Cãvarapañiggahaõasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà hatthato cãvaraü pañiggaõheyya, a¤¤atra pàrivaññakà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 530] [\x 530/]
NP 6: A¤¤àtakavi¤¤attisikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtakaü gahapatiü và gahapatàniü và cãvaraü vi¤¤àpeyya, a¤¤atra samayà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Tatthàyaü samayo: acchinnacãvaro và hoti bhikkhu naññhacãvaro và - ayaü tattha samayo.
[BJT Vol I, Page 534] [\x 534/]
NP 7: Tatuttarisikkhàpadaü:
Ta¤-ce
a¤¤àtako gahapati và gahapatànã và bahåhi cãvarehi abhihaññhuü
pavàreyya, santaruttaraparamaü tena bhikkhunà tato cãvaraü sàditabbaü.
Tato ce uttariü 12 sàdiyeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 536] [\x 536/]
NP 8: Pañhama-upakkhañasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa a¤¤àtakassa gahapatissa và gahapatàniyà và cãvaracetàpannaü 13
upakkhañaü hoti: ßIminà cãvaracetàpannena cãvaraü cetàpetvà itthannàmaü
bhikkhuü cãvarena acchàdessàmãû-ti. Tatra ce so bhikkhu pubbe
appavàrito upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü àpajjeyya: ßSàdhu vata maü
àyasmà iminà cãvaracetàpannena evaråpaü và evaråpaü và cãvaraü cetàpetvà
acchàdehãû-ti. Kalyàõakamyataü upàdàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 542] [\x 542/]
NP 9: Dutiya-upakkhañasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa ubhinnaü
a¤¤àtakànaü gahapatãnaü và gahapatànãnaü và paccekacãvaracetàpannà
upakkhañà honti: ßImehi mayaü paccekacãvaracetàpannehi paccekacãvaràni
cetàpetvà itthannàmaü bhikkhuü cãvarehi acchàdessàmàû-ti. Tatra ce so
bhikkhu pubbe appavàrito upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü àpajjeyya: ßSàdhu
vata maü àyasmanto imehi paccekacãvaracetàpannehi evaråpaü và evaråpaü
và cãvaraü cetàpetvà acchàdetha ubho va santà ekenàû-ti. Kalyàõakamyataü
upàdàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 548] [\x 548/]
NP 10: Ràjasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü
paneva uddissa ràjà và ràjabhoggo và bràhmaõo và gahapatiko và dåtena
cãvaracetàpannaü pahiõeyya: ßIminà cãvaracetàpanena cãvaraü cetàpetvà
itthannàmaü bhikkhuü cãvarena acchàdehãû-ti. So ce dåto taü bhikkhuü
upasaïkamitvà evaü vadeyya: ßIdaü kho bhante àyasmantaü uddissa
cãvaracetàpannaü àbhataü, pañiggaõhàtu 14
àyasmà cãvaracetàpannanû-ti. Tena bhikkhunà so dåto evam-assa vacanãyo:
ßNa kho mayaü àvuso cãvaracetàpannaü pañiggaõhàma cãvara¤-ca kho mayaü
pañiggaõhàma kàlena kappiyanû-ti. So ce dåto taü bhikkhuü evaü vadeyya:
ßAtthi panàyasmato koci veyyàvacakaroû ti. ßCãvaratthikena bhikkhave
bhikkhunà veyyàvaccakaro niddisitabbo àràmiko và upàsako và: ßEso kho
àvuso bhikkhånaü veyyàvaccakaroû ti. So ce dåto taü veyyàvaccakaraü
sa¤¤àpetvà taü bhikkhuü upasaïkamitvà evaü vadeyya: ßYaü kho bhante
àyasmà veyyàvaccakaraü niddisi, sa¤¤atto so mayà. Upasaïkamatu àyasmà
kàlena, cãvarena taü acchàdessatãû-ti. Cãvaratthikena bhikkhave
bhikkhunà veyyàvaccakaro upasaïkamitvà dvattikkhattuü codetabbo
sàretabbo: ßAttho me àvuso cãvarenàû-ti. Dvattikkhattuü codayamàno
sàrayamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya, iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
abhinipphàdeyya, catukkhattuü pa¤cakkhattuü chakkhattuü paramaü
tuõhãbhåtena uddissa ñhàtabbaü. Catukkhattuü pa¤cakkhattuü chakkhattuü
paramaü tuõhãbhåto uddissa tiññhamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya,
iccetaü kusalaü. Tato ce uttariü vàyamamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
No ce abhinipphàdeyya, yatassa cãvaracetàpannaü àbhataü tattha sàmaü
và gantabbaü dåto và pàhetabbo: ßYaü kho tumhe àyasmanto bhikkhuü
uddissa cãvaracetàpannaü pahiõittha, na taü tassa bhikkhuno ki¤ci atthaü
anubhoti, yu¤jantàyasmanto sakaü, mà vo sakaü vinassàû-ti. Ayaü tattha
sàmãci.
Cãvaravaggo pañhamo
[BJT Vol I, Page 554] [\x 554/]
NP 11: Kosiyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu Kosiyamissakaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü 15 pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 556] [\x 556/]
NP 12: Suddhakàëakasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 560] [\x 560/]
NP 13: Dvebhàgasikkhàpadaü:
Navaü pana bhikkhunà santhataü
kàrayamànena dve bhàgà suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü àdàtabbà, tatiyaü
odàtànaü catutthaü gocariyànaü. Anàdà ce bhikkhu dve bhàge
suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü tatiyaü odàtànaü catutthaü gocariyànaü
navaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 564] [\x 564/]
NP 14: Chabbassisikkhàpadaü:
Navaü pana bhikkhunà santhataü
kàràpetvà chabbassàni dhàretabbaü. Orena ce channaü vassànaü taü
santhataü vissajjetvà và avissajjetvà và a¤¤aü navaü santhataü
kàràpeyya, a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 570] [\x 570/]
NP 15: Nisãdanasanthatasikkhàpadaü:
Nisãdanasanthataü pana bhikkhunà
kàrayamànena puràõasanthatassa sàmantà Sugatavidatthã àdàtabbà
dubbaõõakaraõàya, ànàda ce bhikkhu puràõasanthatassa sàmantà
Sugatavidatthiü navaü nisãdanasanthataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü
pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 572] [\x 572/]
NP 16: Eëakalomasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuno paneva
addhànamaggappañipannassa eëakalomàni uppajjeyyuü. âkaïkhamànena
bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbàni. Pañiggahetvà tiyojanaparamaü sahatthà
haritabbàni, asante hàrake. Tato ce uttariü hareyya asante pi hàrake,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 576] [\x 576/]
NP 17: Eëakalomadhovàpanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà eëakalomàni dhovàpeyya và rajàpeyya và vijañàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 580] [\x 580/]
NP 18: Råpiyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jàtaråparajataü uggaõheyya và uggaõhàpeyya và upanikkhittaü và sàdiyeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 584] [\x 584/]
NP 19: Råpiyasaüvohàrasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu nànappakàrakaü råpiyasaüvohàraü samàpajjeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 590] [\x 590/]
NP 20: Kayavikkayasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu nànappakàrakaü kayavikkayaü samàpajjeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Kosiyavaggo dutiyo
[BJT Vol I, Page 594] [\x 594/]
NP 21: Pattasikkhàpadaü:
Dasàhaparamaü atirekapatto dhàretabbo. Taü atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 600] [\x 600/]
NP 22: ænapa¤cabandhanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu ånapa¤cabandhanena pattena a¤¤aü navaü pattaü cetàpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Tena bhikkhunà so patto bhikkhuparisàya nissajitabbo. Yo ca tassà
bhikkhuparisàya pattapariyanto, so tassa bhikkhuno padàtabbo: ßAyaü te
bhikkhu patto, yàva bhedanàya dhàretabboû ti. Ayaü tattha sàmãci.
[BJT Vol I, Page 610] [\x 610/]
NP 23: Bhesajjasikkhàpadaü:
Yàni kho pana tàni gilànànaü
bhikkhånaü pañisàyanãyàni bhesajjàni, seyyathãdaü: sappi, navanãtaü,
telaü, madhu, phàõitaü; tàni pañiggahetvà sattàhaparamaü sannidhikàrakaü
paribhu¤jitabbàni. Taü atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 614] [\x 614/]
NP 24: Vassikasàñikasikkhàpadaü:
ßMàso seso gimhànanû-ti: bhikkhunà
vassikasàñikacãvaraü pariyesitabbam. ßAddhamàso seso gimhànanû-ti: katvà
nivàsetabbaü. ßOrena ce màso seso gimhànanû-ti: vassikasàñikacãvaraü
pariyeseyya. ßOrenaddhamàso seso gimhànanû-ti: katvà nivàseyya,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 618] [\x 618/]
NP 25: Cãvara-acchindanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhussa sàmaü cãvaraü datvà kupito 16 anattamano acchindeyya và acchindàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 620] [\x 620/]
NP 26: Suttavi¤¤attisikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu sàmaü suttaü vi¤¤àpetvà tantavàyehi cãvaraü vàyàpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 624] [\x 624/]
NP 27: Mahàpesakàrasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa a¤¤àtako
gahapati và gahapatànã và tantavàyehi cãvaraü vàyàpeyya. Tatra ce so
bhikkhu pubbe appavàrito tantavàye upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü
àpajjeyya: ßIdaü kho àvuso cãvaraü maü uddissa viyyati àyata¤-ca
karotha, vitthata¤-ca, appita¤-ca, suvãta¤-ca, suppavàyita¤-ca,
suvilekhita¤-ca, suvitacchita¤-ca karotha; appeva nàma mayam-pi
àyasmantànaü ki¤cimattaü anupadajjeyyàmàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu vatvà
ki¤cimattaü anupadajjeyya antamaso piõóapàtamattam-pi, nissaggiyaü
pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 630] [\x 630/]
NP 28: Accekacãvarasikkhàpadaü:
Dasàhànàgataü kattikatemàsikapuõõamaü,
bhikkhuno paneva accekacãvaraü uppajjeyya, accekaü ma¤¤amànena
bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbaü. Pañiggahetvà yàva cãvarakàlasamayaü
nikkhipitabbaü. Tato ce uttariü nikkhipeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 634] [\x 634/]
NP 29: Sàsaïkhasikkhàpadaü:
Upavassaü kho pana kattikapuõõamaü
yàni kho pana tàni àra¤¤akàni senàsanàni sàsaïkasammatàni
sappañibhayàni, tathà råpesu bhikkhu senàsanesu viharanto àkaïkhamàno
tiõõaü cãvarànaü a¤¤ataraü cãvaraü antaraghare nikkhipeyya. Siyà ca
tassa bhikkhuno kocid-eva paccayo tena cãvarena vippavàsàya,
chàrattaparamaü tena bhikkhunà tena cãvarena vippavasitabbaü. Tato ce
uttariü vippavaseyya, a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 638] [\x 638/]
NP 30: Pariõatasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jànaü saïghikaü làbhaü pariõataü attano pariõàmeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Pattavaggo tatiyo
[BJT Vol I, Page 640] [\x 640/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto tiüsa nissaggiyà pàcittiyà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Nissaggiyapàcittiyà niññhità
Next Section
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi Home Page Word Index
End Notes
1
Editor’s note: It seems every tradition has its own way of introducing
the recital of the Pàtimokkha. Here only two of the simpler ways are
included. Either the âràdhanà & Okàsakammaü is recited; or the
Pubbakiccaü (but not both).
2 The bracketed headings for the various sections are supplied from the ChS edition of the Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi.
3 BJT note: Suõàtu me bhante saïgho, ajja uposatho paõõaraso - PTS
4 The following 5 lines are not in BJT.
5 BJT note: This reading is not seen in some books.
6 The Pàràjika rules in BJT are listed simply as Pañhama-, Dutiya-, Tatiya-, & Catutthapàràjikaü;
without further identification. Most of the other rules have mnenomic
titles usually connected with the wording of the rule, or the occasion
for it (but see the notes to the Pàñidesanãya & Sekhiya rules
below). The titles in brackets in this section are taken from the ChS
edition of the text.
7 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhikkhuhi here, elsewhere bhikkhåhi.
8 Editor’s note: BJT, Kaccãttha here, elsewhere kaccittha.
9 Editor’s note: BJT, Tuõhi here, elsewhere tuõhã.
10 Editor’s note: this is the end title in BJT, the heading simply reads Pañhamasaïghàdisesà, but all the rest of these training rules are given distinctive titles.
11 BJT note: Pañinissajjeyya - ChS.
12 BJT note: Uttari - ChS
13 BJT note: Cãvaracetàpanaü - Thai.
14 Editor’s note: BJT, patiggaõh- here, but pañigaõh- in NP5 above.
15 Editor’s note: BJT, Nissaggãyaü, printer’s error.
16 Editor’s note: BJT, Kåpito - printer’s error.
05/20/13
Filed under:
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வினயபிடக
Posted by:
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926 LESSON 21-05-2013 TUESDAY-FREE ONLINE eNālāndā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY-
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi
MISUSE OF EVM _ PART - 10
Regarding involvement of Mayawati in the matter, the Lokayukta said there was no evidence.
During course of inquiry people gave statements that the former CM
said it was a pious work which should be executed with honesty and
dedication and she never gave any order.
AWAKENED ONE WITH AWARENESS ONE’S FAIR TRADE PRACTICE
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/a/small-business-ideas.htm
http://s
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/qt/Video-Production-Small-Business-Idea.htm
Video Production Small Business Idea
The Pros and Cons of Starting a Video Production Business
21-05-2013 Tuesday 4.30 PM
Venue: Kidwai Institute of Oncology, Hosur Road, Bengaluru
Cancer Patients Service Day
Led by
Shri S. Marisamy, IPS
Chairman, Spoorthidhama, Bangalore
Service by
Upasaka Shri Kamalabhan IPS and Family
____________________________________________________________________________________________
23-05-2013 Thursday 2.30 PM
Venue: Indira Gandhi Institute of Child health, Hosur Road, Bengaluru
Children Service
Led by
Shri K.N.Srinivas
Chairman, Amar Jyothi Educational Institutions, Bengaluru
Service by
Samyak Prabodhan, Bangalore
_________________________________________________________________________________________
24-05-2013 Friday 3.30 PM
Venue: KR Hospital, Mysore
Led by
Prof. V.Jagannatha, Environmental Scientist
Service by
Shri Puttamadaiah, Superintent of Police, SESK, Mysore Zone
Video Production Small Business Idea
The Pros and Cons of Starting a Video Production Business
If you understand the technology behind video production, and enjoy the process of taking raw video footage and creating a video that flows, a video production business may be a great small business idea for you.
The Pros
Along with being able to use your creativity every day in your business, the benefits of starting a video production business include:
• You can provide a full range of video services, including editing, producing, adding special effects, digitizing, etc.
• Your business can be home-based, or you can have a physical location.
• You can even offer a mobile service, going “on location” for clients and completing editing projects from your home office.
• You can partner with videographers, photographers and party planners for increased business.
• You can get started using the broad range of free editing software before “graduating” to the more professional options.
• The earning potential is high, once you become established.
The Cons
Some of the potential challenges of starting a video production business include:
• You need extensive skill and experience in all things related to video production.
• You need to purchase the necessary equipment, which can be very expensive.
• You will need a designated spot to store your equipment.
• Your business may be limited to your geographic area, so you will need to maximize local advertising.
• There may be significant liability because you will be handling your clients’ original, potentially valuable videos.
Recommended Resources
• How to Start a Home Video Editing Business
•
http://www.ehow.com/how_6218871_start-home-video-editing-business.html
How to Start a Home Video Editing Business
Start a Home Video Editing Business
Your video editing business might play a variety of roles. You could start by recording and editing small to mid-size parties throughout your community. Alternatively, you might focus on editing existing tapes–for instance, by adding sound effects, mixing scenes, or including titles and transitions. Designate enough time to complete projects, particularly if you begin the business on a part-time basis.
Instructions
◦ 1 Decide what type of editing business you want to establish. Video editors usually evaluate and sort scenes, while sound effect editors enhance films by recording necessary sounds or getting existing sounds from appropriate sources. Music editors improve background music, such as by synchronizing music tracks with the film.
◦ 2 Purchase appropriate equipment and software like Adobe’s Premiere Pro CS4, which supports many cutting-edge effects. Free video editing programs exist, such as VideoSpin, Microsoft’s Movie Maker, or Apple’s IMovie, if your budget is limited initially.
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◦
◦ 3 Price your services reasonably by researching what your local market currently supports. Decide whether you will charge a flat fee of, say, $250, or an hourly rate of maybe $50. You might give free consultations and determine separate prices for each project.
◦ 4 Advertise continuously by creating business cards and fliers and placing them at strategic locations. Always carry a set of business cards so that you can quickly provide information to potential clients. Establish a basic website that identifies your services and includes a few examples of your specialties.
◦ 5 Designate a location in your home to support all of your equipment. Use a space consistently, like a spare room or a garage, as your office. Carefully organize business-related revenues and expenses, which you likely will have to report on your federal tax return.
Tips & Warnings
•
Consider developing a simple design to place on vehicles such as the designated business van, or even a family member’s personal vehicle. Make sure that the design clearly states your contact information, especially your phone number and website.
•
While free programs might seem to be a great deal, they often do not have great quality. Initially practice using free software, and gradually buy better products to upgrade to cutting-edge technology.
• Top 10 Rules for Video Editing
http://desktopvideo.about.com/od/desktopediting/tp/editrules.htm
Top 10 Rules for Video Editing
By following some simple rules for video editing you can make your movies flow together smoothly, in a classic style, without resorting to multiple transitions.
Of course, rules were made to be broken and creative editors take extreme artistic license. But, if you are new to the craft of video editing, learn these rules and consider them a foundation from which to develop your skills.
1. B-Roll
B-roll refers to video footage that sets the scene, reveals details, or generally enhances the story. For example, at a school play, besides shooting the play, you could get b-roll of the outside of the school, the program, faces of audience members, cast members hiding in the wings, or costume details.
These clips can be used to cover any cuts, or smooth trasitions from one scene to another.
2. Don’t Jump
A jump cut occurs when you have two consecutive shots with the exact same camera set up, but a difference in the subject. It happens most often when editing interviews, and you want to cut out some words or phrases that the subject says.
If you leave the remaining shots side-by-side, the audience will be jarred by the slight repositioning of the subject. Instead, cover the cut with some b-roll, or use a fade.
3. Stay on Your Plane
http://www.sfu.ca/media-lab/cycle/cycle3/3b-ss11.html
The 180 Degree
Rule
It is important to maintain interest
in an interview by having a variety of shots that show different perspectives
or angles. However, it is essential to maintain “consistency of screen
direction.” This means that you should not cross the “Axis of
Action” or the imaginary line that follows the main subject’s
action or direction of focus.
The 180 Degree Rule states that
you can place the camera anywhere along the 180 Degrees of one side of the
axis of action and maintain consistency of screen direction.
You should not cross the axis of action without:
-
The use of a
moving shot that shows the crossing of the axis of action.
-
Indicate on screen
that a shot is a “Reverse Angle” as is done in sporting events.
When shooting, imagine that there is a horizontal line between you and your subjects. Now, stay on your side of the line. By observing a 180-degree plane, you keep a perspective that is more natural for the audience.
If you’re editing footage that disobeys this rule, try using b-roll between cuts. This way, the change in perspective won’t be as abrupt, if it’s noticeable at all.
More Info
4. 45 Degrees
When editing together a scene shot from multiple camera angles, always try to use shots that are looking at the subject from at least a difference of 45 degrees. Otherwise, the shots are too similar and appear almost like a jump cut to the audience.
5. Cut on Motion
Motion distracts the eye from noticing editing cuts. So, when cutting from one image to another, always try to do it when the subject is in motion. For example, cutting from a turning head to an opening door, is much smoother than cutting from a still head to a door about to be opened.
6. Change Focal Lengths
When you have two shots of the same subject, it’s easy to cut between close and wide angles. So, when shooting an interview, or a lengthy event such as a wedding, it’s a good idea to occasionally change focal lengths. A wide shot and a medium close up can be cut together, allowing you to edit parts out and change the order of shots without obvious jump cuts.
7. Cut on Similar Elements
There’s a cut in Apocalypse Now from a rotating ceiling fan to a helicopter. The scenes change dramatically, but the visually similar elements make for a smooth, creative cut.
You can do the same thing in your videos. Cut from a flower on a wedding cake to the groom’s boutenier, or tilt up to the blue sky from one scene and then down from the sky to a different scene.
8. Wipe
At weddings, I love it when people walk in front of the camera. They are apologetic, but unless it happened during the vows or the first dance, I am grateful for the wipe they gave me to use during editing.
When the frame fills up with one element (such as the back of a black suit jacket), it makes it easy to cut to a completely different scene without jarring the audience. You can set wipes up yourself during shooting, or just take advantage when they happen naturally.
More Business Opportunities
• eBay Consulting Business Idea
• Personal Concierge Business Idea
• Blog Consulting Business Idea
Business Startup Resources
• How to Start a Business
• Questions to Ask Before Starting a Business
• Comprehensive Business Plan Outline
Related Articles
• 5 Tips for Starting a Home Business Video
http://video.about.com/homebusiness/5-Tips-for-Starting-a-Home-Business.htm
• Promotional Web Videos - How to Produce a Promotional Web Video
•
http://desktopvideo.about.com/od/videoprojects/ht/webpromo.htm
• Before You Start A Home-Based Business
http://sbinfocanada.about.com/cs/homebusiness/a/starthomebiz.htm
• Tasting Partners - Starting and Running a Catering Business
http://www.netplaces.com/starting-catering-business/partnering-to-grow-your-business/tasting-partners.htm
• Video Equipment
•
http://desktopvideo.about.com/c/ec/1.htm
New voter verifiable paper trail (VVPT) machines to replace the EVMs, following doubts that it could be tampered.Voting Machines are “Calculators which can be manipulated by computer softwares”. New Machines are ordered by EC, where a paper slip will come out with EVM voting which will be then deposited in a box. What is the use? Paper Slip will show that voter has casted vote for “Party A”, but calculator software will add vote to “Party B”! The Computers are programmable. No use for such fake paper slips. In Superior Courts it has been demonstrated how these computers can be manipulated and how it can be pre-programmed to make sure victory to one candidate during election. The EVM machines have killed Democracy and have all the potentials to do so. The ruling castes are manipulating EVMs to make sure victory to them depriving the dipressed classes to enable them to acquire the MASTER KEY that can unlock all doors of progress to the entire people.
•
• Under such circumstances the following exposure by media had no relevance during the last Karnataka Assembly Elections 2013 where the Congress won and the trend will continue in the forth coming General Elections until the Superior Court and the upholders of Democracy including the free and fair media.
• 5.3 California’s “Open Source'’ Mandate
There is one case where a regulator has required voting system source code be open source. This appears to be the first case of an “open source'’ mandate by a State in the U.S. where the top election official in California determined that the only solution to a technical catch-22 would be to require a critical piece of code be disclosed. Under recommendations from technical consultants, the Office of the Secretary of State in California issued regulations in November 2003 stating that all electronic voting system vendors would have to provide the functionality required to produce an Accessible Voter-Verified Paper Audit Trail (AVVPAT).49An order of March 2004 stated what requirements had to be met for a paper audit trail to qualify as an AVVPAT50where AVVPAT was defined as a contemporaneous paper record of a ballot that allowed disabled and non-English speaking voters to vote privately and independently.51The biggest surprise in these regulations was the “open source mandate'’ it included. This part of the regulation provided:
“All DREs must include electronic verification, as described in the Task Force’s report, in order to assure that the information provided for verification to disabled voters through some form of non-visual method accurately reflects what is recorded by the machine and what is printed on the VVPAT paper record. Any electronic verification method must have open source code in order to be certified for use in a voting system in California.52 (bold emphasis added.)
The regulation required an electronic verification mechanism that allows disabled voters to assess through a non-visual interface whether what is printed on the AVVPAT record is consistent with their intended vote. This requires either interpreting the signals sent to the printer or reading directly from the AVVPAT, not from the computer’s memory or the electronic record of the vote. The code that interprets the printing signals or reads the AVVPAT must be “open source'’ per this regulation so that, in the words of David Jefferson, one of the experts that provided input, they would not have “merely transferred the need to trust software from the proprietary vote capture software to proprietary vote verification software.'’53
The regulation left several core terms undefined and the intent unclear. If we take David Jefferson’s statement as reflective of the Secretary’s goal, this regulation should have been clarified to support the evaluation of the verification software. The regulatory intent here was to ensure that the disabled voter or an organization representing the disabled voters could obtain and inspect the source code of the verification subsystem. They would want to exhaustively inspect the code to make sure that it was accurately verifying the vote from reading the printout or interpreting the signals sent to the printer to produce the printout. The Secretary’s decision to require that the source code of this subsystem be open source is logical; however, a clear definition of “open source'’ is necessary for vendors to build such a system. For example, they will need strict control of what pieces of their intellectual property is included in this piece of software. The Secretary should have aligned the regulatory intent of the AVVPAT order with licensing requirements to establish some minimal licensing criteria for this “open source'’ software.54Then, with a minimal set of licensing requirements, a few representative open source licenses could be chosen and offered as valid licenses under which to develop verification code. This level of detail was not included.
In January of 2005 this requirement was implicitly revoked by new regulations that omitted it.55This could have been an interesting experiment in regulatory push of open source; however it seems instead that it was destined to fail without sufficient attention to the issues raised above.
1a: âràdhanà 1
(Spoken by the senior monk)
Pubbakaraõapubbakiccàni samàpetvà imissa nisinnassa bhikkhusaïghassa anumatiyà Pàtimokkhaü uddesituü ajjhesanaü karomi.
1b: Okàsakammaü
(Spoken by the recitor)
Okàsa me bhante thero dethu Vinayakathaü kathetuü.
2: Pubbakiccaü
(Spoken by the recitor)
Sammajjanã padãpo ca ~ udakaü àsanena ca
uposathassa etàni ~ pubbakaraõan-ti vuccati.
Chandapàrisuddhi-utukkhànaü bhikkhugaõanà ca ovàdo
uposathassa etàni pubbakiccan-ti vuccati.
Uposatho yàvatikà ca bhikkhå
kammapattà sabhàgàpattiyo
na vijjanti vajjanãyà ca puggalà
tasmiü na honti pattakallan-ti vuccati.
Pubbakaraõapubbakiccàni samàpetvà desitàppikassa samaggassa bhikkhusaïghassa anumatiyà pàtimokkhaü uddisitum-àràdhanaü karoma.
[BJT Vol 3, Page 250] [\x 250/]
(Nidànuddeso) 2
Suõàtu me bhante saïgha, yadi saïghassa3
pattakallaü, saïgho uposathaü kareyya pàtimokkhaü uddiseyya. Kiü
saïghassa pubbakiccaü? Pàrisuddhiü àyasmanto àrocetha Pàtimokkhaü
uddisissàmi. Taü sabbeva santà sàdhukaü suõoma manasikaroma.
Yassa siyà àpatti, so àvãkareyya. Asantiyà àpattiyà, tuõhã
bhavitabbaü. Tuõhã bhàvena kho panàyasmante parisuddhà-ti vedissàmi.
Yathà kho pana paccekapuññhassa veyyàkaraõaü hoti, evam-evaü evaråpàya
parisàya yàvatatiyaü anusàvitaü hoti. Yo pana bhikkhu yàvatatiyaü
anusàviyamàne saramàno santiü àpattiü nàvãkareyya, sampajànamusàvàdassa
hoti. Sampajànamusàvàdo kho panàyasmanto antaràyiko dhammo vutto
Bhagavatà. Tasmà saramànena bhikkhunà àpannena visuddhàpekkhena santã
àpatti àvãkàtabbà. âvãkatà hissa phàsu hoti.
Nidànaü niññhitaü
(Pàràjikuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 028] [\x 028/]
Tatrime cattàro pàràjikà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti. 5
[BJT Vol I, Page 056] [\x 056/]
Pàr 1: (Methunadhammasikkhàpadaü 6):
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhånaü
sikkhàsàjãvasamàpanno sikkhaü apaccakkhàya dubbalyaü anàvãkatvà methunaü
dhammaü pañiseveyya, antamaso tiracchànagatàya pi - pàràjiko hoti,
asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 104] [\x 104/]
Pàr 2: (Adinnàdànasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu gàmà và ara¤¤à và
adinnaü theyyasankhàtaü àdiyeyya. Yathàråpe adinnàdàne ràjàno coraü
gahetvà haneyyuü và bandheyyuü và pabbàjeyyuü và: ßCorosi, bàlosi,
måëhosi, thenosã-ti!û. Tathàråpaü bhikkhu adinnaü àdiyamàno - ayam-pi
pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 160] [\x 160/]
Pàr 3: (Manussaviggahasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu sa¤cicca
manussaviggahaü jãvità voropeyya, satthahàrakaü vàssa pariyeseyya,
maraõavaõõaü và saüvaõõeyya, maraõàya và samàdapeyya: ßAmbho purisa kiü
tuyhiminà pàpakena dujjãvitena? Matante jãvità seyyo ti!û Iti cittamano
cittasaïkappo anekapariyàyena maraõavaõõaü và saüvaõõeyya, maraõàya và
samàdapeyya - ayam-pi pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 200] [\x 200/]
Pàr 4: (Uttarimanussadhammasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu anabhijànaü
uttarimanussadhammaü attåpanàyikaü alam-ariya¤àõadassanaü samudàcareyya:
ßIti jànàmi, iti passàmã-ti!û Tato aparena samayena samanuggàhiyamàno
và asamanuggàhiyamàno và àpanno visuddhàpekkho evaü vadeyya:
ßAjànam-evàhaü àvuso avacaü: jànàmi; apassaü: passàmi; tucchaü musà
vilapin-tiû, a¤¤atra adhimànà - ayam-pi pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 254] [\x 254/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto cattàro pàràjikà dhammà. Yesaü bhikkhu a¤¤ataraü và a¤¤ataraü và àpajjitvà na labhati bhikkhåhi 7 saddhiü saüvàsaü. Yathà pure, tathà pacchà, pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha 8 parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, 9 evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Pàràjikaü niññhitaü
(Saïghàdisesuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 256] [\x 256/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto terasa saïghàdisesà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 260] [\x 260/]
Sd 1: Sukkavisaññhisikkhàpadaü: 10
Sa¤cetanikà sukkavisaññhi, a¤¤atra supinantà, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 294] [\x 294/]
Sd 2: Kàyasaüsaggasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmena saddhiü kàyasaüsaggaü samàpajjeyya, hatthagàhaü và
veõigàhaü và a¤¤atarassa và a¤¤atarassa và aïgassa paràmasanaü,
saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 320] [\x 320/]
Sd 3: Duññhullavàcàsikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmaü duññhullàhi vàcàhi obhàseyya. Yathà taü yuvà yuvatiü
methunåpasaühitàhi, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 332] [\x 332/]
Sd 4: Antakàmapàricariyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmassa santike attakàmapàricariyàya vaõõaü bhàseyya:
ßEtad-aggaü bhagini pàricariyànaü yà màdisaü sãlavantaü kalyàõadhammaü
brahmacàriü etena dhammena paricareyyàû-ti, methunåpasaühitena,
saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 344] [\x 344/]
Sd 5: Sa¤carittasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu sa¤carittaü
samàpajjeyya, itthiyà và purisamatiü, purisassa và itthimatiü, jàyattane
và jàrattane và, antamaso taïkhaõikàya pi, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 382] [\x 382/]
Sd 6: Kuñikàrasikkhàpadaü:
Sa¤¤àcikàya pana bhikkhunà kuñiü
kàrayamànena assàmikaü attuddesaü pamàõikà kàretabbà. Tatridaü pamàõaü:
dãghaso dvàdasa vidatthiyo Sugatavidatthiyà tiriyaü sattantarà. Bhikkhå
abhinetabbà vatthudesanàya, tehi bhikkhåhi vatthuü desetabbaü anàrambhaü
saparikkamanaü. Sàrambhe ce bhikkhu vatthusmiü aparikkamane sa¤¤àcikàya
kuñiü kàreyya, bhikkhå và anabhineyya vatthudesanàya, pamàõaü và
atikkàmeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 406] [\x 406/]
Sd 7: Vihàrakàrasikkhàpadaü:
Mahallakaü pana bhikkhunà vihàraü
kàrayamànena sassàmikaü attuddesaü bhikkhå abhinetabbà vatthudesanàya.
Tehi bhikkhåhi vatthuü desetabbaü anàrambhaü saparikkamanaü. Sàrambhe ce
bhikkhu vatthusmiü aparikkamane mahallakaü vihàraü kàreyya, bhikkhå và
anabhineyya vatthudesanàya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 424] [\x 424/]
Sd 8: Pañhamaduññhadosasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü duññho doso
appatãto amålakena pàràjikena dhammena anuddhaüseyya: ßAppeva nàma naü
imamhà brahmacariyà càveyyan-ti.û. Tato aparena samayena
samanuggàhiyamàno và asamanuggàhiyamàno và, amålaka¤-ceva taü
adhikaraõaü hoti, bhikkhu ca dosaü patiññhàti, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 436] [\x 436/]
Sd 9: Dutiyaduññhadosasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü duññho doso
appatãto a¤¤abhàgiyassa adhikaraõassa ki¤ci desaü lesamattaü upàdàya
pàràjikena dhammena anuddhaüseyya: ßAppeva nàma naü imamhà brahmacariyà
càveyyan-ti.û Tato aparena samayena samanuggàhiyamàno và
asamanuggàhiyamàno và, a¤¤abhàgiya¤-ceva taü adhikaraõaü hoti, koci deso
lesamatto upàdinno, bhikkhu ca dosaü patiññhàti, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 452] [\x 452/]
Sd 10: Pañhamasaïghabhedasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana
bhikkhu samaggassa saïghassa bhedàya parakkameyya bhedanasaüvattanikaü
và adhikaraõaü samàdàya paggayha tiññheyya. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
evam-assa vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà samaggassa saïghassa bhedàya parakkami
bhedanasaüvattanikaü và adhikaraõaü samàdàya paggayha aññhàsi.
Sametàyasmà saïghena, samaggo hi saïgho sammodamàno avivadamàno ekuddeso
phàsu viharatãû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi vuccamàno tatheva
paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbo tassa
pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce samanubhàsiyamàno taü pañinissajeyya, 11 iccetaü kusalaü. No ce pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 456] [\x 456/]
Sd 11: Dutiyasaïghabhedasikkhàpadaü:
Tasseva kho pana bhikkhussa bhikkhå
honti anuvattakà vaggavàdakà, eko và dve và tayo và, te evaü vadeyyuü:
ßMà àyasmanto etaü bhikkhuü ki¤ci avacuttha, dhammavàdã ceso bhikkhu,
vinayavàdã ceso bhikkhu, amhàka¤-ceso bhikkhu; chanda¤-ca, ruci¤-ca
àdàya voharati, jànàti no bhàsati, amhàkam-petaü khamatãû-ti. Te bhikkhå
bhikkhåhi evam-assu vacanãyà: ßMà àyasmanto evaü avacuttha. Na ceso
bhikkhu dhammavàdã, na ceso bhikkhu vinayavàdã. Mà àyasmantànam-pi
saïghabhedo ruccittha. Sametàyasmantànaü saïghena, samaggo hi saïgho
sammodamàno avivadamàno ekuddeso phàsu viharatãû-ti. Eva¤-ca te bhikkhå
bhikkhåhi vuccamànà tatheva paggaõheyyuü, te bhikkhå bhikkhåhi
yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbà tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce
samanubhàsiyamànà taü pañinissajeyyuü, iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
pañinissajeyyuü, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 462] [\x 462/]
Sd 12: Dubbacasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhu paneva dubbacajàtiko hoti.
Uddesapariyàpannesu sikkhàpadesu bhikkhåhi sahadhammikaü vuccamàno
attànaü avacanãyaü karoti: ßMà maü àyasmanto ki¤ci avacuttha, kalyàõaü
và pàpakaü và. Aham-pàyasmante na ki¤ci vakkhàmi, kalyàõaü và pàpakaü
và. Viramathàyasmanto mama vacanàyàû-ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa
vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà attànaü avacanãyaü akàsi. Vacanãyam-evàyasmà
attànaü karotu. âyasmà pi bhikkhå vadetu sahadhammena, bhikkhå pi
àyasmantaü vakkhanti sahadhammena. Evaü saüvaddhà hi tassa Bhagavato
parisà, yadidaü a¤¤am-a¤¤avacanena a¤¤am-a¤¤avuññhàpanenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca
so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi vuccamàno tatheva paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbo tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce
samanubhàsiyamàno taü pañinissajeyya iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 476] [\x 476/]
Sd 13: Kuladåsakasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhu paneva a¤¤ataraü gàmaü và
nigamaü và upanissàya viharati kuladåsako pàpasamàcàro. Tassa kho pàpakà
samàcàrà dissanti ceva suyyanti ca. Kulàni ca tena duññhàni dissanti
ceva suyyanti ca. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa vacanãyo: ßâyasmà kho
kuladåsako pàpasamàcàro. âyasmato kho pàpakà samàcàrà dissanti ceva
suyyanti ca. Kulàni càyasmatà duññhàni dissanti ceva suyyanti ca.
Pakkamatàyasmà imamhà àvàsà. Alan-te idha vàsenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu
bhikkhåhi vuccamàno te bhikkhå evaü vadeyya: ßChandagàmino ca bhikkhå,
dosagàmino ca bhikkhå, mohagàmino ca bhikkhå, bhayagàmino ca bhikkhå.
Tàdisikàya àpattiyà ekaccaü pabbàjenti, ekaccaü na pabbàjentãû-ti. So
bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà evaü avaca, na ca
bhikkhå chandagàmino, na ca bhikkhå dosagàmino, na ca bhikkhå
mohagàmino, na ca bhikkhå bhayagàmino. âyasmà kho kuladåsako
pàpasamàcàro. âyasmato kho pàpakà samàcàrà dissanti ceva suyyanti ca.
Kulàni càyasmatà duññhàni dissanti ceva suyyanti ca. Pakkamatàyasmà
imamhà àvàsà. Alan-te idha vàsenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
vuccamàno tatheva paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi yàvatatiyaü
samanubhàsitabbo tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce samanubhàsiyamàno
taü pañinissajeyya iccetaü kusalaü. No ce pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 482] [\x 482/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto terasa
saïghàdisesà dhammà, nava pañhamàpattikà cattàro yàvatatiyakà. Yesaü
bhikkhu a¤¤ataraü và a¤¤ataraü và àpajjitvà, yàvatihaü jànaü
pañicchàdeti, tàvatihaü tena bhikkhunà akàmà parivatthabbaü.
Parivutthaparivàsena bhikkhunà uttarichàrattaü bhikkhumànattàya
pañipajjitabbaü. Ciõõamànatto bhikkhu: yattha siyà vãsatigaõo
bhikkhusaïgho, tattha so bhikkhu abbhetabbo. Ekena pi ce åno vãsatigaõo
bhikkhusaïgho taü bhikkhuü abbheyya, so ca bhikkhu anabbhito, te ca
bhikkhå gàrayhà. Ayaü tattha sàmãci.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Saïghàdiseso niññhito
(Aniyatuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 484] [\x 484/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto dve aniyatà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 486] [\x 486/]
Aniy 1: Pañhama-aniyatasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu màtugàmena saddhiü eko
ekàya raho pañicchanne àsane alaïkammaniye nisajjaü kappeyya. Tam-enaü
saddheyyavacasà upàsikà disvà tiõõaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena vadeyya:
pàràjikena và saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Nisajjaü bhikkhu
pañijànamàno tiõõaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena kàretabbo: pàràjikena và
saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Yena và sà saddheyyavacasà upàsikà
vadeyya, tena so bhikkhu kàretabbo. Ayaü dhammo aniyato.
[BJT Vol I, Page 492] [\x 492/]
Aniy 2: Dutiya-aniyatasikkhàpadaü:
Na heva kho pana pañicchannaü àsanaü
hoti nàlaïkammaniyaü. Ala¤-ca kho hoti màtugàmaü duññhullàhi vàcàhi
obhàsituü. Yo pana bhikkhu tathàråpe àsane màtugàmena saddhiü eko ekàya
raho nisajjaü kappeyya. Tam-enaü saddheyyavacasà upàsikà disvà dvinnaü
dhammànaü a¤¤atarena vadeyya saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Nisajjaü
bhikkhu pañijànamàno dvinnaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena kàretabbo
saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Yena và sà saddheyyavacasà upàsikà
vadeyya, tena so bhikkhu kàretabbo. Ayam-pi dhammo aniyato.
[BJT Vol I, Page 496] [\x 496/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto dve aniyatà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Aniyato niññhito
(Nissaggiyapàcittiyà)
[BJT Vol I, Page 498] [\x 498/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto tiüsa nissaggiyà pàcittiyà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 500] [\x 500/]
NP 1: Pañhamakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, dasàhaparamaü atirekacãvaraü dhàretabbaü. Taü
atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 504] [\x 504/]
NP 2: Dutiyakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, ekarattam-pi ce bhikkhu ticãvarena vippavaseyya,
a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 512] [\x 512/]
NP 3: Tatiyakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, bhikkhuno paneva akàlacãvaraü uppajjeyya.
âkaïkhamànena bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbaü, pañiggahetvà khippam-eva
kàretabbaü. No cassa pàripåri, màsaparamaü tena bhikkhunà taü cãvaraü
nikkhipitabbaü ånassa pàripåriyà, satiyà paccàsàya. Tato ce uttariü
nikkhipeyya, satiyà pi paccàsàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 518] [\x 518/]
NP 4: Puràõacãvarasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà puràõacãvaraü dhovàpeyya và rajàpeyya và àkoñàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 524] [\x 524/]
NP 5: Cãvarapañiggahaõasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà hatthato cãvaraü pañiggaõheyya, a¤¤atra pàrivaññakà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 530] [\x 530/]
NP 6: A¤¤àtakavi¤¤attisikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtakaü gahapatiü và gahapatàniü và cãvaraü vi¤¤àpeyya, a¤¤atra samayà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Tatthàyaü samayo: acchinnacãvaro và hoti bhikkhu naññhacãvaro và - ayaü tattha samayo.
[BJT Vol I, Page 534] [\x 534/]
NP 7: Tatuttarisikkhàpadaü:
Ta¤-ce
a¤¤àtako gahapati và gahapatànã và bahåhi cãvarehi abhihaññhuü
pavàreyya, santaruttaraparamaü tena bhikkhunà tato cãvaraü sàditabbaü.
Tato ce uttariü 12 sàdiyeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 536] [\x 536/]
NP 8: Pañhama-upakkhañasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa a¤¤àtakassa gahapatissa và gahapatàniyà và cãvaracetàpannaü 13
upakkhañaü hoti: ßIminà cãvaracetàpannena cãvaraü cetàpetvà itthannàmaü
bhikkhuü cãvarena acchàdessàmãû-ti. Tatra ce so bhikkhu pubbe
appavàrito upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü àpajjeyya: ßSàdhu vata maü
àyasmà iminà cãvaracetàpannena evaråpaü và evaråpaü và cãvaraü cetàpetvà
acchàdehãû-ti. Kalyàõakamyataü upàdàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 542] [\x 542/]
NP 9: Dutiya-upakkhañasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa ubhinnaü
a¤¤àtakànaü gahapatãnaü và gahapatànãnaü và paccekacãvaracetàpannà
upakkhañà honti: ßImehi mayaü paccekacãvaracetàpannehi paccekacãvaràni
cetàpetvà itthannàmaü bhikkhuü cãvarehi acchàdessàmàû-ti. Tatra ce so
bhikkhu pubbe appavàrito upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü àpajjeyya: ßSàdhu
vata maü àyasmanto imehi paccekacãvaracetàpannehi evaråpaü và evaråpaü
và cãvaraü cetàpetvà acchàdetha ubho va santà ekenàû-ti. Kalyàõakamyataü
upàdàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 548] [\x 548/]
NP 10: Ràjasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü
paneva uddissa ràjà và ràjabhoggo và bràhmaõo và gahapatiko và dåtena
cãvaracetàpannaü pahiõeyya: ßIminà cãvaracetàpanena cãvaraü cetàpetvà
itthannàmaü bhikkhuü cãvarena acchàdehãû-ti. So ce dåto taü bhikkhuü
upasaïkamitvà evaü vadeyya: ßIdaü kho bhante àyasmantaü uddissa
cãvaracetàpannaü àbhataü, pañiggaõhàtu 14
àyasmà cãvaracetàpannanû-ti. Tena bhikkhunà so dåto evam-assa vacanãyo:
ßNa kho mayaü àvuso cãvaracetàpannaü pañiggaõhàma cãvara¤-ca kho mayaü
pañiggaõhàma kàlena kappiyanû-ti. So ce dåto taü bhikkhuü evaü vadeyya:
ßAtthi panàyasmato koci veyyàvacakaroû ti. ßCãvaratthikena bhikkhave
bhikkhunà veyyàvaccakaro niddisitabbo àràmiko và upàsako và: ßEso kho
àvuso bhikkhånaü veyyàvaccakaroû ti. So ce dåto taü veyyàvaccakaraü
sa¤¤àpetvà taü bhikkhuü upasaïkamitvà evaü vadeyya: ßYaü kho bhante
àyasmà veyyàvaccakaraü niddisi, sa¤¤atto so mayà. Upasaïkamatu àyasmà
kàlena, cãvarena taü acchàdessatãû-ti. Cãvaratthikena bhikkhave
bhikkhunà veyyàvaccakaro upasaïkamitvà dvattikkhattuü codetabbo
sàretabbo: ßAttho me àvuso cãvarenàû-ti. Dvattikkhattuü codayamàno
sàrayamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya, iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
abhinipphàdeyya, catukkhattuü pa¤cakkhattuü chakkhattuü paramaü
tuõhãbhåtena uddissa ñhàtabbaü. Catukkhattuü pa¤cakkhattuü chakkhattuü
paramaü tuõhãbhåto uddissa tiññhamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya,
iccetaü kusalaü. Tato ce uttariü vàyamamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
No ce abhinipphàdeyya, yatassa cãvaracetàpannaü àbhataü tattha sàmaü
và gantabbaü dåto và pàhetabbo: ßYaü kho tumhe àyasmanto bhikkhuü
uddissa cãvaracetàpannaü pahiõittha, na taü tassa bhikkhuno ki¤ci atthaü
anubhoti, yu¤jantàyasmanto sakaü, mà vo sakaü vinassàû-ti. Ayaü tattha
sàmãci.
Cãvaravaggo pañhamo
[BJT Vol I, Page 554] [\x 554/]
NP 11: Kosiyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu Kosiyamissakaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü 15 pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 556] [\x 556/]
NP 12: Suddhakàëakasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 560] [\x 560/]
NP 13: Dvebhàgasikkhàpadaü:
Navaü pana bhikkhunà santhataü
kàrayamànena dve bhàgà suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü àdàtabbà, tatiyaü
odàtànaü catutthaü gocariyànaü. Anàdà ce bhikkhu dve bhàge
suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü tatiyaü odàtànaü catutthaü gocariyànaü
navaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 564] [\x 564/]
NP 14: Chabbassisikkhàpadaü:
Navaü pana bhikkhunà santhataü
kàràpetvà chabbassàni dhàretabbaü. Orena ce channaü vassànaü taü
santhataü vissajjetvà và avissajjetvà và a¤¤aü navaü santhataü
kàràpeyya, a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 570] [\x 570/]
NP 15: Nisãdanasanthatasikkhàpadaü:
Nisãdanasanthataü pana bhikkhunà
kàrayamànena puràõasanthatassa sàmantà Sugatavidatthã àdàtabbà
dubbaõõakaraõàya, ànàda ce bhikkhu puràõasanthatassa sàmantà
Sugatavidatthiü navaü nisãdanasanthataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü
pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 572] [\x 572/]
NP 16: Eëakalomasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuno paneva
addhànamaggappañipannassa eëakalomàni uppajjeyyuü. âkaïkhamànena
bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbàni. Pañiggahetvà tiyojanaparamaü sahatthà
haritabbàni, asante hàrake. Tato ce uttariü hareyya asante pi hàrake,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 576] [\x 576/]
NP 17: Eëakalomadhovàpanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà eëakalomàni dhovàpeyya và rajàpeyya và vijañàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 580] [\x 580/]
NP 18: Råpiyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jàtaråparajataü uggaõheyya và uggaõhàpeyya và upanikkhittaü và sàdiyeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 584] [\x 584/]
NP 19: Råpiyasaüvohàrasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu nànappakàrakaü råpiyasaüvohàraü samàpajjeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 590] [\x 590/]
NP 20: Kayavikkayasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu nànappakàrakaü kayavikkayaü samàpajjeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Kosiyavaggo dutiyo
[BJT Vol I, Page 594] [\x 594/]
NP 21: Pattasikkhàpadaü:
Dasàhaparamaü atirekapatto dhàretabbo. Taü atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 600] [\x 600/]
NP 22: ænapa¤cabandhanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu ånapa¤cabandhanena pattena a¤¤aü navaü pattaü cetàpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Tena bhikkhunà so patto bhikkhuparisàya nissajitabbo. Yo ca tassà
bhikkhuparisàya pattapariyanto, so tassa bhikkhuno padàtabbo: ßAyaü te
bhikkhu patto, yàva bhedanàya dhàretabboû ti. Ayaü tattha sàmãci.
[BJT Vol I, Page 610] [\x 610/]
NP 23: Bhesajjasikkhàpadaü:
Yàni kho pana tàni gilànànaü
bhikkhånaü pañisàyanãyàni bhesajjàni, seyyathãdaü: sappi, navanãtaü,
telaü, madhu, phàõitaü; tàni pañiggahetvà sattàhaparamaü sannidhikàrakaü
paribhu¤jitabbàni. Taü atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 614] [\x 614/]
NP 24: Vassikasàñikasikkhàpadaü:
ßMàso seso gimhànanû-ti: bhikkhunà
vassikasàñikacãvaraü pariyesitabbam. ßAddhamàso seso gimhànanû-ti: katvà
nivàsetabbaü. ßOrena ce màso seso gimhànanû-ti: vassikasàñikacãvaraü
pariyeseyya. ßOrenaddhamàso seso gimhànanû-ti: katvà nivàseyya,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 618] [\x 618/]
NP 25: Cãvara-acchindanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhussa sàmaü cãvaraü datvà kupito 16 anattamano acchindeyya và acchindàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 620] [\x 620/]
NP 26: Suttavi¤¤attisikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu sàmaü suttaü vi¤¤àpetvà tantavàyehi cãvaraü vàyàpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 624] [\x 624/]
NP 27: Mahàpesakàrasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa a¤¤àtako
gahapati và gahapatànã và tantavàyehi cãvaraü vàyàpeyya. Tatra ce so
bhikkhu pubbe appavàrito tantavàye upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü
àpajjeyya: ßIdaü kho àvuso cãvaraü maü uddissa viyyati àyata¤-ca
karotha, vitthata¤-ca, appita¤-ca, suvãta¤-ca, suppavàyita¤-ca,
suvilekhita¤-ca, suvitacchita¤-ca karotha; appeva nàma mayam-pi
àyasmantànaü ki¤cimattaü anupadajjeyyàmàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu vatvà
ki¤cimattaü anupadajjeyya antamaso piõóapàtamattam-pi, nissaggiyaü
pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 630] [\x 630/]
NP 28: Accekacãvarasikkhàpadaü:
Dasàhànàgataü kattikatemàsikapuõõamaü,
bhikkhuno paneva accekacãvaraü uppajjeyya, accekaü ma¤¤amànena
bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbaü. Pañiggahetvà yàva cãvarakàlasamayaü
nikkhipitabbaü. Tato ce uttariü nikkhipeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 634] [\x 634/]
NP 29: Sàsaïkhasikkhàpadaü:
Upavassaü kho pana kattikapuõõamaü
yàni kho pana tàni àra¤¤akàni senàsanàni sàsaïkasammatàni
sappañibhayàni, tathà råpesu bhikkhu senàsanesu viharanto àkaïkhamàno
tiõõaü cãvarànaü a¤¤ataraü cãvaraü antaraghare nikkhipeyya. Siyà ca
tassa bhikkhuno kocid-eva paccayo tena cãvarena vippavàsàya,
chàrattaparamaü tena bhikkhunà tena cãvarena vippavasitabbaü. Tato ce
uttariü vippavaseyya, a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 638] [\x 638/]
NP 30: Pariõatasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jànaü saïghikaü làbhaü pariõataü attano pariõàmeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Pattavaggo tatiyo
[BJT Vol I, Page 640] [\x 640/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto tiüsa nissaggiyà pàcittiyà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Nissaggiyapàcittiyà niññhità
Next Section
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi Home Page Word Index
End Notes
1
Editor’s note: It seems every tradition has its own way of introducing
the recital of the Pàtimokkha. Here only two of the simpler ways are
included. Either the âràdhanà & Okàsakammaü is recited; or the
Pubbakiccaü (but not both).
2 The bracketed headings for the various sections are supplied from the ChS edition of the Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi.
3 BJT note: Suõàtu me bhante saïgho, ajja uposatho paõõaraso - PTS
4 The following 5 lines are not in BJT.
5 BJT note: This reading is not seen in some books.
6 The Pàràjika rules in BJT are listed simply as Pañhama-, Dutiya-, Tatiya-, & Catutthapàràjikaü;
without further identification. Most of the other rules have mnenomic
titles usually connected with the wording of the rule, or the occasion
for it (but see the notes to the Pàñidesanãya & Sekhiya rules
below). The titles in brackets in this section are taken from the ChS
edition of the text.
7 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhikkhuhi here, elsewhere bhikkhåhi.
8 Editor’s note: BJT, Kaccãttha here, elsewhere kaccittha.
9 Editor’s note: BJT, Tuõhi here, elsewhere tuõhã.
10 Editor’s note: this is the end title in BJT, the heading simply reads Pañhamasaïghàdisesà, but all the rest of these training rules are given distinctive titles.
11 BJT note: Pañinissajjeyya - ChS.
12 BJT note: Uttari - ChS
13 BJT note: Cãvaracetàpanaü - Thai.
14 Editor’s note: BJT, patiggaõh- here, but pañigaõh- in NP5 above.
15 Editor’s note: BJT, Nissaggãyaü, printer’s error.
16 Editor’s note: BJT, Kåpito - printer’s error.
05/19/13
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MISUSE OF EVhttp://sarvajan.ambedkar.org/blog_admin/wp-admin/post.php?action=edit&post=2242M _ PART - 10
AWAKENED ONE WITH AWARENESS ONE’S FAIR TRADE PRACTICE
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New voter verifiable paper trail (VVPT) machines to replace the EVMs, following doubts that it could be tampered.Voting Machines are “Calculators which can be manipulated by computer softwares”. New Machines are ordered by EC, where a paper slip will come out with EVM voting which will be then deposited in a box. What is the use? Paper Slip will show that voter has casted vote for “Party A”, but calculator software will add vote to “Party B”! The Computers are programmable. No use for such fake paper slips. In Superior Courts it has been demonstrated how these computers can be manipulated and how it can be pre-programmed to make sure victory to one candidate during election. The EVM machines have killed Democracy and have all the potentials to do so. The ruling castes are manipulating EVMs to make sure victory to them depriving the dipressed classes to enable them to acquire the MASTER KEY that can unlock all doors of progress to the entire people.
•
• Under such circumstances the following exposure by media had no relevance during the last Karnataka Assembly Elections 2013 where the Congress won and the trend will continue in the forth coming General Elections until the Superior Court and the upholders of Democracy including the free and fair media. •
5
Regulation and Legislation Relevant to Source Availability
5.2 Federal Legislation
There are a number of Federal bills relevant to source code access. Three bills in Congress address the use of open source or disclosed source software:43H.R. 550 (known as “The Holt Bill'’), H.R. 939/S. 450 and H.R. 533 would each mandate the use of either open source or disclosed source software in election systems used for federal contests. These are narrow efforts to increase public scrutiny in that they only include source code for systems used in federal elections and it appears that there is little appetite in Congress for electoral reform on top of HAVA.44
Both H.R. 550 and H.R. 939/S. 450 would mandate disclosed source for voting system software used in federal elections.45The emphasis in these bills is that the source code used to create software used in voting systems be made available to the public. It is unclear from the language of these bills what “disclosed source'’ would mean exactly; the term is not defined in either bill. H.R. 533 mandates open source, which includes public disclosure, and specifics that the EAC will set standards for such software.46
While these bills are motivated by similar concerns, the choice of disclosed or open code is significant. The disclosed source bills provide that software should be available for inspection. The later bill, which uses the term “open source software'’, leaves the specifics to the EAC to work out. The lack of definitions for these terms is unfortunate given the wide range of possible meanings and possible interpretations for such technical terms.47Specifically, disclosed source allows a very narrow subset of rights when compared with open source software licenses.48
Reflecting on significant events in Buddha’s life
“All that we are is the result of what we have thought, it is founded on
our thoughts, it is made up of our thoughts. If a man speaks or acts
with an evil thought, pain follows him as the wheel follows the foot of
the ox that draws the wagon.” –Lord Buddha
For Buddhists the world over, the Vesak Full Moon Day is marked by the
occurrence of three hallowed events. First came the birth of Siddhartha
Gautama (the aspirant Buddha) in Lumbini in Nepal in an arbour of Sal
trees to Queen Mahamaya. He took seven steps and said, “I am the
foremost of the world. This is my last birth, I will cross the ocean of
existence.”
Asoka pillar
The great emperor Asoka of India of the 3rd century B.C., had visited
Lumbini as a pilgrim. As an everlasting tribute, he erected an inscribed
pillar “Here the Buddha was born.” That Asokan pillar stands to this
day in Lumbini which became a popular place of pilgrimage for Buddhists
from the earliest times.
The second hallowed event that transpired on Vesak full moon day was
Siddhartha Gautama’s Supreme Attainment as Buddha- the Enlightened One.
After six years of great privation undergoing hardships, penances and
self-mortification, Siddhartha Gautama after an arduous journey in
search of Enlightenment reached Bodhi Buddhagaya on the banks of the
river- Niranjana. Here under the great Bodhi tree at the age of 35
years, he vanquished the Mara and attained Supreme Enlightenment. For
over 25 centuries, Buddhagaya has been a place of pilgrimage and
worship.
The other sacred sites found there are the shrines and colossal
monuments of stone erected by Emperor Asoka. The hallowed Bo Tree under
which Siddhartha attained Supreme Enlightenment- is alleged to have been
destroyed. However, the sapling from this original Bo Tree where Buddha
attained Enlightenment in Buddhagaya was brought by Theri Sangamiththa
(Asoka’s daughter) and planted at Anuradhapura. This tree known as the
Sri Maha Bodhiya, is the oldest historical tree in the world.
Buddha’s visit to Kapilavastuwa
The ‘Dhammapada’ by Sri Dhammannada(1988) published by Sasana Abbiwurdhi
Wardhan Society, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, referring to Lord Buddha’s
visit to Kapilavastuwa for the first time after his Enlightenment ,
says:
“When the Buddha visited Kapilavastuwa for the first time after his
Enlightenment, he stayed at the Nigrodharama monastery. There he
expounded the Dhamma to his relatives. King Suddodhana (Lord Buddha’s
father) ,thought that the Buddha being his own, would not go anywhere
but would surely come to the palace for alms the next day. He did not
specifically invite the Buddha, but ordered alms food to be prepared for
him and his bhikkhus.”
As there was no special invitation for alms-giving on that day, the
Buddha and his bhikkhus went on their alms round. Before proceeding he
considered within himself, “did the Buddhas of the past upon entering
the city of their kinsfolk, straightaway enter the houses of the
relatives or did they go from house to house to receive alms? Perceiving
that they did go from house to house, the Buddha went along the streets
of Kapilawastuwa seeking alms.
“On hearing of this seemingly humiliating conduct of the Buddha from his
daughter-in-law, Yasodara, the king greatly perturbed, went to the
Buddha and said, “Son, why do you ruin me? I am overwhelmed with shame
to see you begging for alms. Is it proper for you, who used to travel in
a golden palanquin, to seek alms in this city? Why do you put me to
shame? Where upon the Buddha replied: “O King, I am not putting you to
shame. I am following the custom of my Buddha lineage. All previous
Buddhas have lived by seeking alms. The King understood that was the way
of the Buddhas and accepted it.”
Buddhist traditions
Buddhist traditions say the Lord Buddha spent seven serene weeks in the
bliss of his Supreme Enlightenment at Buddhagaya. Then Lord Buddha came
to Sarnath in Deer Park outside Varanasi(present Benares), where he
preached his first sermon which paved the way for the motion of the
Wheel of Dharma (Dharmachakkaraya). At Sarnath too, are ruins of
temples, shrines, and other stone monuments reminiscent of Emperor Asoka
as the builder. The most outstanding one is the Asokan stupa which
marks Lord Buddha’s maiden sermon.
Vaisali is another ancient city that was visited by Buddha many times.
On one such visit, troops of monkeys are said to have offered the
Compassionate One a bowl of honey. It was also at Vaisali that the famed
courtesan Amarapali made her obeisance to Lord Buddha. There the Buddha
honoured her by partaking of a meal at her home.
Lord Buddha had reached the age of 80 years when he felt and even
announced his impending attainment of Nirvana in this city itself.
Having left Vaisali, Lord Buddha reached Kushinagar on the banks of
river Hiranya in the 80th year of his life. His great disciple Ananda
was weeping by his deathbed and he consoled Ananda thus: “Do not weep- O
Ananda, for all that is born comes within itself and the seeds of
dissolution. Be ye a lamp unto yourself…Be ye a refuge to yourself.
Behold now brethren… decay is inherent in all component things. Work out
your salvation with diligence.”
Thus Lord Buddha passed away into Parinibbana on a full moon day of
Vesak at Kusinagar. An inscription in stone found at the site of
Kusingar/ Kusina confirms the sacred site where reference had been made
to this effect. The inscription is said to date back to the Guptha
period of Emperor Asoka’s time.
“As in the ocean’s midmost depth,
No wave is born, but all is still.
So let the monk be still.
Be motionless, and nowhere should he swell.
Just as a blue, red or white lotus although born in the water,
Grown up in the water, when it reaches the surface stands,
There unsoiled by the water- just so although born,”
In the world, grown up in the world, having overcome,
The world, I abide unsoiled in the world. Take it that I am Buddha.”
-Dhammapada-
at
Maha Bodhi Society, Gandhinagar, Bengaluru
Pabbajja and Meditation Courses
For Ladies
May 9, 2013 o May 13,2013
For Children
May 13, 2013 to May 18, 2013
For Men
May 18, 2013 to May 26, 2013
One Day Children Dhamma Course (boys and girls)
18-05-2013 From 9 AM to 5PM
Donors of Pabbajja Courses
Shri B.Gopal, Social worker and Leader
Dr.Jay Prakash, Chairman
International Institute of Business Studies
Bangalore, Kolkata, Noida
Shri Ashok Dadlani
Silk Museum, Bangalore
20-05-2013 Monday 4.30 PM
Venue: Mahabodhi Burns and Casuality Center,
Victoria Hospital, Bengaluru
Burns Patients Service Day
Led by
Dhri Ramesh Babu
Service by
Smt. Bhushanam Krishnamurthy and family
____________________________________________________________________________________________
http://www.metta.lk/tipitaka/1Vinaya-Pitaka/index.html
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi
1a: âràdhanà 1
(Spoken by the senior monk)
Pubbakaraõapubbakiccàni samàpetvà imissa nisinnassa bhikkhusaïghassa anumatiyà Pàtimokkhaü uddesituü ajjhesanaü karomi.
1b: Okàsakammaü
(Spoken by the recitor)
Okàsa me bhante thero dethu Vinayakathaü kathetuü.
2: Pubbakiccaü
(Spoken by the recitor)
Sammajjanã padãpo ca ~ udakaü àsanena ca
uposathassa etàni ~ pubbakaraõan-ti vuccati.
Chandapàrisuddhi-utukkhànaü bhikkhugaõanà ca ovàdo
uposathassa etàni pubbakiccan-ti vuccati.
Uposatho yàvatikà ca bhikkhå
kammapattà sabhàgàpattiyo
na vijjanti vajjanãyà ca puggalà
tasmiü na honti pattakallan-ti vuccati.
Pubbakaraõapubbakiccàni samàpetvà desitàppikassa samaggassa bhikkhusaïghassa anumatiyà pàtimokkhaü uddisitum-àràdhanaü karoma.
[BJT Vol 3, Page 250] [\x 250/]
(Nidànuddeso) 2
Suõàtu me bhante saïgha, yadi saïghassa3
pattakallaü, saïgho uposathaü kareyya pàtimokkhaü uddiseyya. Kiü
saïghassa pubbakiccaü? Pàrisuddhiü àyasmanto àrocetha Pàtimokkhaü
uddisissàmi. Taü sabbeva santà sàdhukaü suõoma manasikaroma.
Yassa siyà àpatti, so àvãkareyya. Asantiyà àpattiyà, tuõhã
bhavitabbaü. Tuõhã bhàvena kho panàyasmante parisuddhà-ti vedissàmi.
Yathà kho pana paccekapuññhassa veyyàkaraõaü hoti, evam-evaü evaråpàya
parisàya yàvatatiyaü anusàvitaü hoti. Yo pana bhikkhu yàvatatiyaü
anusàviyamàne saramàno santiü àpattiü nàvãkareyya, sampajànamusàvàdassa
hoti. Sampajànamusàvàdo kho panàyasmanto antaràyiko dhammo vutto
Bhagavatà. Tasmà saramànena bhikkhunà àpannena visuddhàpekkhena santã
àpatti àvãkàtabbà. âvãkatà hissa phàsu hoti.
Nidànaü niññhitaü
(Pàràjikuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 028] [\x 028/]
Tatrime cattàro pàràjikà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti. 5
[BJT Vol I, Page 056] [\x 056/]
Pàr 1: (Methunadhammasikkhàpadaü 6):
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhånaü
sikkhàsàjãvasamàpanno sikkhaü apaccakkhàya dubbalyaü anàvãkatvà methunaü
dhammaü pañiseveyya, antamaso tiracchànagatàya pi - pàràjiko hoti,
asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 104] [\x 104/]
Pàr 2: (Adinnàdànasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu gàmà và ara¤¤à và
adinnaü theyyasankhàtaü àdiyeyya. Yathàråpe adinnàdàne ràjàno coraü
gahetvà haneyyuü và bandheyyuü và pabbàjeyyuü và: ßCorosi, bàlosi,
måëhosi, thenosã-ti!û. Tathàråpaü bhikkhu adinnaü àdiyamàno - ayam-pi
pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 160] [\x 160/]
Pàr 3: (Manussaviggahasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu sa¤cicca
manussaviggahaü jãvità voropeyya, satthahàrakaü vàssa pariyeseyya,
maraõavaõõaü và saüvaõõeyya, maraõàya và samàdapeyya: ßAmbho purisa kiü
tuyhiminà pàpakena dujjãvitena? Matante jãvità seyyo ti!û Iti cittamano
cittasaïkappo anekapariyàyena maraõavaõõaü và saüvaõõeyya, maraõàya và
samàdapeyya - ayam-pi pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 200] [\x 200/]
Pàr 4: (Uttarimanussadhammasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu anabhijànaü
uttarimanussadhammaü attåpanàyikaü alam-ariya¤àõadassanaü samudàcareyya:
ßIti jànàmi, iti passàmã-ti!û Tato aparena samayena samanuggàhiyamàno
và asamanuggàhiyamàno và àpanno visuddhàpekkho evaü vadeyya:
ßAjànam-evàhaü àvuso avacaü: jànàmi; apassaü: passàmi; tucchaü musà
vilapin-tiû, a¤¤atra adhimànà - ayam-pi pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 254] [\x 254/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto cattàro pàràjikà dhammà. Yesaü bhikkhu a¤¤ataraü và a¤¤ataraü và àpajjitvà na labhati bhikkhåhi 7 saddhiü saüvàsaü. Yathà pure, tathà pacchà, pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha 8 parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, 9 evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Pàràjikaü niññhitaü
(Saïghàdisesuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 256] [\x 256/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto terasa saïghàdisesà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 260] [\x 260/]
Sd 1: Sukkavisaññhisikkhàpadaü: 10
Sa¤cetanikà sukkavisaññhi, a¤¤atra supinantà, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 294] [\x 294/]
Sd 2: Kàyasaüsaggasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmena saddhiü kàyasaüsaggaü samàpajjeyya, hatthagàhaü và
veõigàhaü và a¤¤atarassa và a¤¤atarassa và aïgassa paràmasanaü,
saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 320] [\x 320/]
Sd 3: Duññhullavàcàsikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmaü duññhullàhi vàcàhi obhàseyya. Yathà taü yuvà yuvatiü
methunåpasaühitàhi, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 332] [\x 332/]
Sd 4: Antakàmapàricariyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmassa santike attakàmapàricariyàya vaõõaü bhàseyya:
ßEtad-aggaü bhagini pàricariyànaü yà màdisaü sãlavantaü kalyàõadhammaü
brahmacàriü etena dhammena paricareyyàû-ti, methunåpasaühitena,
saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 344] [\x 344/]
Sd 5: Sa¤carittasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu sa¤carittaü
samàpajjeyya, itthiyà và purisamatiü, purisassa và itthimatiü, jàyattane
và jàrattane và, antamaso taïkhaõikàya pi, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 382] [\x 382/]
Sd 6: Kuñikàrasikkhàpadaü:
Sa¤¤àcikàya pana bhikkhunà kuñiü
kàrayamànena assàmikaü attuddesaü pamàõikà kàretabbà. Tatridaü pamàõaü:
dãghaso dvàdasa vidatthiyo Sugatavidatthiyà tiriyaü sattantarà. Bhikkhå
abhinetabbà vatthudesanàya, tehi bhikkhåhi vatthuü desetabbaü anàrambhaü
saparikkamanaü. Sàrambhe ce bhikkhu vatthusmiü aparikkamane sa¤¤àcikàya
kuñiü kàreyya, bhikkhå và anabhineyya vatthudesanàya, pamàõaü và
atikkàmeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 406] [\x 406/]
Sd 7: Vihàrakàrasikkhàpadaü:
Mahallakaü pana bhikkhunà vihàraü
kàrayamànena sassàmikaü attuddesaü bhikkhå abhinetabbà vatthudesanàya.
Tehi bhikkhåhi vatthuü desetabbaü anàrambhaü saparikkamanaü. Sàrambhe ce
bhikkhu vatthusmiü aparikkamane mahallakaü vihàraü kàreyya, bhikkhå và
anabhineyya vatthudesanàya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 424] [\x 424/]
Sd 8: Pañhamaduññhadosasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü duññho doso
appatãto amålakena pàràjikena dhammena anuddhaüseyya: ßAppeva nàma naü
imamhà brahmacariyà càveyyan-ti.û. Tato aparena samayena
samanuggàhiyamàno và asamanuggàhiyamàno và, amålaka¤-ceva taü
adhikaraõaü hoti, bhikkhu ca dosaü patiññhàti, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 436] [\x 436/]
Sd 9: Dutiyaduññhadosasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü duññho doso
appatãto a¤¤abhàgiyassa adhikaraõassa ki¤ci desaü lesamattaü upàdàya
pàràjikena dhammena anuddhaüseyya: ßAppeva nàma naü imamhà brahmacariyà
càveyyan-ti.û Tato aparena samayena samanuggàhiyamàno và
asamanuggàhiyamàno và, a¤¤abhàgiya¤-ceva taü adhikaraõaü hoti, koci deso
lesamatto upàdinno, bhikkhu ca dosaü patiññhàti, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 452] [\x 452/]
Sd 10: Pañhamasaïghabhedasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana
bhikkhu samaggassa saïghassa bhedàya parakkameyya bhedanasaüvattanikaü
và adhikaraõaü samàdàya paggayha tiññheyya. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
evam-assa vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà samaggassa saïghassa bhedàya parakkami
bhedanasaüvattanikaü và adhikaraõaü samàdàya paggayha aññhàsi.
Sametàyasmà saïghena, samaggo hi saïgho sammodamàno avivadamàno ekuddeso
phàsu viharatãû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi vuccamàno tatheva
paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbo tassa
pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce samanubhàsiyamàno taü pañinissajeyya, 11 iccetaü kusalaü. No ce pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 456] [\x 456/]
Sd 11: Dutiyasaïghabhedasikkhàpadaü:
Tasseva kho pana bhikkhussa bhikkhå
honti anuvattakà vaggavàdakà, eko và dve và tayo và, te evaü vadeyyuü:
ßMà àyasmanto etaü bhikkhuü ki¤ci avacuttha, dhammavàdã ceso bhikkhu,
vinayavàdã ceso bhikkhu, amhàka¤-ceso bhikkhu; chanda¤-ca, ruci¤-ca
àdàya voharati, jànàti no bhàsati, amhàkam-petaü khamatãû-ti. Te bhikkhå
bhikkhåhi evam-assu vacanãyà: ßMà àyasmanto evaü avacuttha. Na ceso
bhikkhu dhammavàdã, na ceso bhikkhu vinayavàdã. Mà àyasmantànam-pi
saïghabhedo ruccittha. Sametàyasmantànaü saïghena, samaggo hi saïgho
sammodamàno avivadamàno ekuddeso phàsu viharatãû-ti. Eva¤-ca te bhikkhå
bhikkhåhi vuccamànà tatheva paggaõheyyuü, te bhikkhå bhikkhåhi
yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbà tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce
samanubhàsiyamànà taü pañinissajeyyuü, iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
pañinissajeyyuü, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 462] [\x 462/]
Sd 12: Dubbacasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhu paneva dubbacajàtiko hoti.
Uddesapariyàpannesu sikkhàpadesu bhikkhåhi sahadhammikaü vuccamàno
attànaü avacanãyaü karoti: ßMà maü àyasmanto ki¤ci avacuttha, kalyàõaü
và pàpakaü và. Aham-pàyasmante na ki¤ci vakkhàmi, kalyàõaü và pàpakaü
và. Viramathàyasmanto mama vacanàyàû-ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa
vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà attànaü avacanãyaü akàsi. Vacanãyam-evàyasmà
attànaü karotu. âyasmà pi bhikkhå vadetu sahadhammena, bhikkhå pi
àyasmantaü vakkhanti sahadhammena. Evaü saüvaddhà hi tassa Bhagavato
parisà, yadidaü a¤¤am-a¤¤avacanena a¤¤am-a¤¤avuññhàpanenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca
so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi vuccamàno tatheva paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbo tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce
samanubhàsiyamàno taü pañinissajeyya iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 476] [\x 476/]
Sd 13: Kuladåsakasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhu paneva a¤¤ataraü gàmaü và
nigamaü và upanissàya viharati kuladåsako pàpasamàcàro. Tassa kho pàpakà
samàcàrà dissanti ceva suyyanti ca. Kulàni ca tena duññhàni dissanti
ceva suyyanti ca. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa vacanãyo: ßâyasmà kho
kuladåsako pàpasamàcàro. âyasmato kho pàpakà samàcàrà dissanti ceva
suyyanti ca. Kulàni càyasmatà duññhàni dissanti ceva suyyanti ca.
Pakkamatàyasmà imamhà àvàsà. Alan-te idha vàsenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu
bhikkhåhi vuccamàno te bhikkhå evaü vadeyya: ßChandagàmino ca bhikkhå,
dosagàmino ca bhikkhå, mohagàmino ca bhikkhå, bhayagàmino ca bhikkhå.
Tàdisikàya àpattiyà ekaccaü pabbàjenti, ekaccaü na pabbàjentãû-ti. So
bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà evaü avaca, na ca
bhikkhå chandagàmino, na ca bhikkhå dosagàmino, na ca bhikkhå
mohagàmino, na ca bhikkhå bhayagàmino. âyasmà kho kuladåsako
pàpasamàcàro. âyasmato kho pàpakà samàcàrà dissanti ceva suyyanti ca.
Kulàni càyasmatà duññhàni dissanti ceva suyyanti ca. Pakkamatàyasmà
imamhà àvàsà. Alan-te idha vàsenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
vuccamàno tatheva paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi yàvatatiyaü
samanubhàsitabbo tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce samanubhàsiyamàno
taü pañinissajeyya iccetaü kusalaü. No ce pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 482] [\x 482/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto terasa
saïghàdisesà dhammà, nava pañhamàpattikà cattàro yàvatatiyakà. Yesaü
bhikkhu a¤¤ataraü và a¤¤ataraü và àpajjitvà, yàvatihaü jànaü
pañicchàdeti, tàvatihaü tena bhikkhunà akàmà parivatthabbaü.
Parivutthaparivàsena bhikkhunà uttarichàrattaü bhikkhumànattàya
pañipajjitabbaü. Ciõõamànatto bhikkhu: yattha siyà vãsatigaõo
bhikkhusaïgho, tattha so bhikkhu abbhetabbo. Ekena pi ce åno vãsatigaõo
bhikkhusaïgho taü bhikkhuü abbheyya, so ca bhikkhu anabbhito, te ca
bhikkhå gàrayhà. Ayaü tattha sàmãci.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Saïghàdiseso niññhito
(Aniyatuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 484] [\x 484/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto dve aniyatà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 486] [\x 486/]
Aniy 1: Pañhama-aniyatasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu màtugàmena saddhiü eko
ekàya raho pañicchanne àsane alaïkammaniye nisajjaü kappeyya. Tam-enaü
saddheyyavacasà upàsikà disvà tiõõaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena vadeyya:
pàràjikena và saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Nisajjaü bhikkhu
pañijànamàno tiõõaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena kàretabbo: pàràjikena và
saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Yena và sà saddheyyavacasà upàsikà
vadeyya, tena so bhikkhu kàretabbo. Ayaü dhammo aniyato.
[BJT Vol I, Page 492] [\x 492/]
Aniy 2: Dutiya-aniyatasikkhàpadaü:
Na heva kho pana pañicchannaü àsanaü
hoti nàlaïkammaniyaü. Ala¤-ca kho hoti màtugàmaü duññhullàhi vàcàhi
obhàsituü. Yo pana bhikkhu tathàråpe àsane màtugàmena saddhiü eko ekàya
raho nisajjaü kappeyya. Tam-enaü saddheyyavacasà upàsikà disvà dvinnaü
dhammànaü a¤¤atarena vadeyya saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Nisajjaü
bhikkhu pañijànamàno dvinnaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena kàretabbo
saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Yena và sà saddheyyavacasà upàsikà
vadeyya, tena so bhikkhu kàretabbo. Ayam-pi dhammo aniyato.
[BJT Vol I, Page 496] [\x 496/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto dve aniyatà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Aniyato niññhito
(Nissaggiyapàcittiyà)
[BJT Vol I, Page 498] [\x 498/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto tiüsa nissaggiyà pàcittiyà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 500] [\x 500/]
NP 1: Pañhamakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, dasàhaparamaü atirekacãvaraü dhàretabbaü. Taü
atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 504] [\x 504/]
NP 2: Dutiyakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, ekarattam-pi ce bhikkhu ticãvarena vippavaseyya,
a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 512] [\x 512/]
NP 3: Tatiyakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, bhikkhuno paneva akàlacãvaraü uppajjeyya.
âkaïkhamànena bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbaü, pañiggahetvà khippam-eva
kàretabbaü. No cassa pàripåri, màsaparamaü tena bhikkhunà taü cãvaraü
nikkhipitabbaü ånassa pàripåriyà, satiyà paccàsàya. Tato ce uttariü
nikkhipeyya, satiyà pi paccàsàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 518] [\x 518/]
NP 4: Puràõacãvarasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà puràõacãvaraü dhovàpeyya và rajàpeyya và àkoñàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 524] [\x 524/]
NP 5: Cãvarapañiggahaõasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà hatthato cãvaraü pañiggaõheyya, a¤¤atra pàrivaññakà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 530] [\x 530/]
NP 6: A¤¤àtakavi¤¤attisikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtakaü gahapatiü và gahapatàniü và cãvaraü vi¤¤àpeyya, a¤¤atra samayà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Tatthàyaü samayo: acchinnacãvaro và hoti bhikkhu naññhacãvaro và - ayaü tattha samayo.
[BJT Vol I, Page 534] [\x 534/]
NP 7: Tatuttarisikkhàpadaü:
Ta¤-ce
a¤¤àtako gahapati và gahapatànã và bahåhi cãvarehi abhihaññhuü
pavàreyya, santaruttaraparamaü tena bhikkhunà tato cãvaraü sàditabbaü.
Tato ce uttariü 12 sàdiyeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 536] [\x 536/]
NP 8: Pañhama-upakkhañasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa a¤¤àtakassa gahapatissa và gahapatàniyà và cãvaracetàpannaü 13
upakkhañaü hoti: ßIminà cãvaracetàpannena cãvaraü cetàpetvà itthannàmaü
bhikkhuü cãvarena acchàdessàmãû-ti. Tatra ce so bhikkhu pubbe
appavàrito upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü àpajjeyya: ßSàdhu vata maü
àyasmà iminà cãvaracetàpannena evaråpaü và evaråpaü và cãvaraü cetàpetvà
acchàdehãû-ti. Kalyàõakamyataü upàdàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 542] [\x 542/]
NP 9: Dutiya-upakkhañasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa ubhinnaü
a¤¤àtakànaü gahapatãnaü và gahapatànãnaü và paccekacãvaracetàpannà
upakkhañà honti: ßImehi mayaü paccekacãvaracetàpannehi paccekacãvaràni
cetàpetvà itthannàmaü bhikkhuü cãvarehi acchàdessàmàû-ti. Tatra ce so
bhikkhu pubbe appavàrito upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü àpajjeyya: ßSàdhu
vata maü àyasmanto imehi paccekacãvaracetàpannehi evaråpaü và evaråpaü
và cãvaraü cetàpetvà acchàdetha ubho va santà ekenàû-ti. Kalyàõakamyataü
upàdàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 548] [\x 548/]
NP 10: Ràjasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü
paneva uddissa ràjà và ràjabhoggo và bràhmaõo và gahapatiko và dåtena
cãvaracetàpannaü pahiõeyya: ßIminà cãvaracetàpanena cãvaraü cetàpetvà
itthannàmaü bhikkhuü cãvarena acchàdehãû-ti. So ce dåto taü bhikkhuü
upasaïkamitvà evaü vadeyya: ßIdaü kho bhante àyasmantaü uddissa
cãvaracetàpannaü àbhataü, pañiggaõhàtu 14
àyasmà cãvaracetàpannanû-ti. Tena bhikkhunà so dåto evam-assa vacanãyo:
ßNa kho mayaü àvuso cãvaracetàpannaü pañiggaõhàma cãvara¤-ca kho mayaü
pañiggaõhàma kàlena kappiyanû-ti. So ce dåto taü bhikkhuü evaü vadeyya:
ßAtthi panàyasmato koci veyyàvacakaroû ti. ßCãvaratthikena bhikkhave
bhikkhunà veyyàvaccakaro niddisitabbo àràmiko và upàsako và: ßEso kho
àvuso bhikkhånaü veyyàvaccakaroû ti. So ce dåto taü veyyàvaccakaraü
sa¤¤àpetvà taü bhikkhuü upasaïkamitvà evaü vadeyya: ßYaü kho bhante
àyasmà veyyàvaccakaraü niddisi, sa¤¤atto so mayà. Upasaïkamatu àyasmà
kàlena, cãvarena taü acchàdessatãû-ti. Cãvaratthikena bhikkhave
bhikkhunà veyyàvaccakaro upasaïkamitvà dvattikkhattuü codetabbo
sàretabbo: ßAttho me àvuso cãvarenàû-ti. Dvattikkhattuü codayamàno
sàrayamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya, iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
abhinipphàdeyya, catukkhattuü pa¤cakkhattuü chakkhattuü paramaü
tuõhãbhåtena uddissa ñhàtabbaü. Catukkhattuü pa¤cakkhattuü chakkhattuü
paramaü tuõhãbhåto uddissa tiññhamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya,
iccetaü kusalaü. Tato ce uttariü vàyamamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
No ce abhinipphàdeyya, yatassa cãvaracetàpannaü àbhataü tattha sàmaü
và gantabbaü dåto và pàhetabbo: ßYaü kho tumhe àyasmanto bhikkhuü
uddissa cãvaracetàpannaü pahiõittha, na taü tassa bhikkhuno ki¤ci atthaü
anubhoti, yu¤jantàyasmanto sakaü, mà vo sakaü vinassàû-ti. Ayaü tattha
sàmãci.
Cãvaravaggo pañhamo
[BJT Vol I, Page 554] [\x 554/]
NP 11: Kosiyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu Kosiyamissakaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü 15 pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 556] [\x 556/]
NP 12: Suddhakàëakasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 560] [\x 560/]
NP 13: Dvebhàgasikkhàpadaü:
Navaü pana bhikkhunà santhataü
kàrayamànena dve bhàgà suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü àdàtabbà, tatiyaü
odàtànaü catutthaü gocariyànaü. Anàdà ce bhikkhu dve bhàge
suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü tatiyaü odàtànaü catutthaü gocariyànaü
navaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 564] [\x 564/]
NP 14: Chabbassisikkhàpadaü:
Navaü pana bhikkhunà santhataü
kàràpetvà chabbassàni dhàretabbaü. Orena ce channaü vassànaü taü
santhataü vissajjetvà và avissajjetvà và a¤¤aü navaü santhataü
kàràpeyya, a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 570] [\x 570/]
NP 15: Nisãdanasanthatasikkhàpadaü:
Nisãdanasanthataü pana bhikkhunà
kàrayamànena puràõasanthatassa sàmantà Sugatavidatthã àdàtabbà
dubbaõõakaraõàya, ànàda ce bhikkhu puràõasanthatassa sàmantà
Sugatavidatthiü navaü nisãdanasanthataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü
pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 572] [\x 572/]
NP 16: Eëakalomasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuno paneva
addhànamaggappañipannassa eëakalomàni uppajjeyyuü. âkaïkhamànena
bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbàni. Pañiggahetvà tiyojanaparamaü sahatthà
haritabbàni, asante hàrake. Tato ce uttariü hareyya asante pi hàrake,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 576] [\x 576/]
NP 17: Eëakalomadhovàpanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà eëakalomàni dhovàpeyya và rajàpeyya và vijañàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 580] [\x 580/]
NP 18: Råpiyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jàtaråparajataü uggaõheyya và uggaõhàpeyya và upanikkhittaü và sàdiyeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 584] [\x 584/]
NP 19: Råpiyasaüvohàrasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu nànappakàrakaü råpiyasaüvohàraü samàpajjeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 590] [\x 590/]
NP 20: Kayavikkayasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu nànappakàrakaü kayavikkayaü samàpajjeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Kosiyavaggo dutiyo
[BJT Vol I, Page 594] [\x 594/]
NP 21: Pattasikkhàpadaü:
Dasàhaparamaü atirekapatto dhàretabbo. Taü atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 600] [\x 600/]
NP 22: ænapa¤cabandhanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu ånapa¤cabandhanena pattena a¤¤aü navaü pattaü cetàpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Tena bhikkhunà so patto bhikkhuparisàya nissajitabbo. Yo ca tassà
bhikkhuparisàya pattapariyanto, so tassa bhikkhuno padàtabbo: ßAyaü te
bhikkhu patto, yàva bhedanàya dhàretabboû ti. Ayaü tattha sàmãci.
[BJT Vol I, Page 610] [\x 610/]
NP 23: Bhesajjasikkhàpadaü:
Yàni kho pana tàni gilànànaü
bhikkhånaü pañisàyanãyàni bhesajjàni, seyyathãdaü: sappi, navanãtaü,
telaü, madhu, phàõitaü; tàni pañiggahetvà sattàhaparamaü sannidhikàrakaü
paribhu¤jitabbàni. Taü atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 614] [\x 614/]
NP 24: Vassikasàñikasikkhàpadaü:
ßMàso seso gimhànanû-ti: bhikkhunà
vassikasàñikacãvaraü pariyesitabbam. ßAddhamàso seso gimhànanû-ti: katvà
nivàsetabbaü. ßOrena ce màso seso gimhànanû-ti: vassikasàñikacãvaraü
pariyeseyya. ßOrenaddhamàso seso gimhànanû-ti: katvà nivàseyya,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 618] [\x 618/]
NP 25: Cãvara-acchindanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhussa sàmaü cãvaraü datvà kupito 16 anattamano acchindeyya và acchindàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 620] [\x 620/]
NP 26: Suttavi¤¤attisikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu sàmaü suttaü vi¤¤àpetvà tantavàyehi cãvaraü vàyàpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 624] [\x 624/]
NP 27: Mahàpesakàrasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa a¤¤àtako
gahapati và gahapatànã và tantavàyehi cãvaraü vàyàpeyya. Tatra ce so
bhikkhu pubbe appavàrito tantavàye upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü
àpajjeyya: ßIdaü kho àvuso cãvaraü maü uddissa viyyati àyata¤-ca
karotha, vitthata¤-ca, appita¤-ca, suvãta¤-ca, suppavàyita¤-ca,
suvilekhita¤-ca, suvitacchita¤-ca karotha; appeva nàma mayam-pi
àyasmantànaü ki¤cimattaü anupadajjeyyàmàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu vatvà
ki¤cimattaü anupadajjeyya antamaso piõóapàtamattam-pi, nissaggiyaü
pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 630] [\x 630/]
NP 28: Accekacãvarasikkhàpadaü:
Dasàhànàgataü kattikatemàsikapuõõamaü,
bhikkhuno paneva accekacãvaraü uppajjeyya, accekaü ma¤¤amànena
bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbaü. Pañiggahetvà yàva cãvarakàlasamayaü
nikkhipitabbaü. Tato ce uttariü nikkhipeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 634] [\x 634/]
NP 29: Sàsaïkhasikkhàpadaü:
Upavassaü kho pana kattikapuõõamaü
yàni kho pana tàni àra¤¤akàni senàsanàni sàsaïkasammatàni
sappañibhayàni, tathà råpesu bhikkhu senàsanesu viharanto àkaïkhamàno
tiõõaü cãvarànaü a¤¤ataraü cãvaraü antaraghare nikkhipeyya. Siyà ca
tassa bhikkhuno kocid-eva paccayo tena cãvarena vippavàsàya,
chàrattaparamaü tena bhikkhunà tena cãvarena vippavasitabbaü. Tato ce
uttariü vippavaseyya, a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 638] [\x 638/]
NP 30: Pariõatasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jànaü saïghikaü làbhaü pariõataü attano pariõàmeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Pattavaggo tatiyo
[BJT Vol I, Page 640] [\x 640/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto tiüsa nissaggiyà pàcittiyà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Nissaggiyapàcittiyà niññhità
Next Section
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi Home Page Word Index
End Notes
1
Editor’s note: It seems every tradition has its own way of introducing
the recital of the Pàtimokkha. Here only two of the simpler ways are
included. Either the âràdhanà & Okàsakammaü is recited; or the
Pubbakiccaü (but not both).
2 The bracketed headings for the various sections are supplied from the ChS edition of the Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi.
3 BJT note: Suõàtu me bhante saïgho, ajja uposatho paõõaraso - PTS
4 The following 5 lines are not in BJT.
5 BJT note: This reading is not seen in some books.
6 The Pàràjika rules in BJT are listed simply as Pañhama-, Dutiya-, Tatiya-, & Catutthapàràjikaü;
without further identification. Most of the other rules have mnenomic
titles usually connected with the wording of the rule, or the occasion
for it (but see the notes to the Pàñidesanãya & Sekhiya rules
below). The titles in brackets in this section are taken from the ChS
edition of the text.
7 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhikkhuhi here, elsewhere bhikkhåhi.
8 Editor’s note: BJT, Kaccãttha here, elsewhere kaccittha.
9 Editor’s note: BJT, Tuõhi here, elsewhere tuõhã.
10 Editor’s note: this is the end title in BJT, the heading simply reads Pañhamasaïghàdisesà, but all the rest of these training rules are given distinctive titles.
11 BJT note: Pañinissajjeyya - ChS.
12 BJT note: Uttari - ChS
13 BJT note: Cãvaracetàpanaü - Thai.
14 Editor’s note: BJT, patiggaõh- here, but pañigaõh- in NP5 above.
15 Editor’s note: BJT, Nissaggãyaü, printer’s error.
16 Editor’s note: BJT, Kåpito - printer’s error.
05/18/13
Filed under:
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வினயபிடக
Posted by:
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924 LESSON 19-05-2013 SUNDAY-FREE ONLINE eNālāndā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY
1a: âràdhanà 1
(Spoken by the senior monk)
MISUSE OF EVM _ PART - 9
AWAKENED ONE WITH AWARENESS ONE’S FAIR TRADE PRACTICE
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/a/small-business-ideas.htm
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/qt/Social-Media-Consulting-Small-Business-Idea.htm
Social Media Consulting Small Business Idea
The Pros and Cons of Starting a Social Media Consulting Business
http://www.metta.lk/tipitaka/1Vinaya-Pitaka/index.html
__________________________________________________________________________________________
New voter verifiable paper trail (VVPT) machines to replace the EVMs, following doubts that it could be tampered.Voting Machines are “Calculators which can be manipulated by computer softwares”. New Machines are ordered by EC, where a paper slip will come out with EVM voting which will be then deposited in a box. What is the use? Paper Slip will show that voter has casted vote for “Party A”, but calculator software will add vote to “Party B”! The Computers are programmable. No use for such fake paper slips. In Superior Courts it has been demonstrated how these computers can be manipulated and how it can be pre-programmed to make sure victory to one candidate during election. The EVM machines have killed Democracy and have all the potentials to do so. The ruling castes are manipulating EVMs to make sure victory to them depriving the dipressed classes to enable them to acquire the MASTER KEY that can unlock all doors of progress to the entire people.
•
• Under such circumstances the following exposure by media had no relevance during the last Karnataka Assembly Elections 2013 where the Congress won and the trend will continue in the forth coming General Elections until the Superior Court and the upholders of Democracy including the free and fair media. •
5 Regulation and Legislation Relevant to Source Availability
5.1 State-level Disclosed Source Regulation and Legislation
To increase the level of access that they have to voting system source code for evaluation purposes, election officials and state legislatures have started to require that voting system source be disclosed in some form.33
In California, the Secretary of State has taken a series of steps to increase the transparency and robustness of voting systems used in the State. The Secretary of State keeps a copy of the source code and binary executables for voting systems and retains the right to perform a full independent source code review.34The Secretary exercised this right in Spring of 2006.35
In the California legislature, there has been one resolution passed and a bill introduced that concerns disclosed and open source software in voting systems. A legislative resolution, ACR 242, was passed in August of 2004 that tasked the California Secretary of State with producing a report on open source code in voting systems.36Recently, California Assemblymember Goldberg has introduced AB 2097.37This bill would forbid the Secretary of State from approving any voting system for use in California unless “all details of its operating system and specifications are publicly disclosed.'’ It further prevents voting system vendors from exercising any rights against any voter who evaluates the voting system. The Election Technology Council of the Information Technology Association of America, has come out against the bill, as introduced, for a variety of reasons from competitive concerns to intellectual property issues.38
In August of 2005, the North Carolina legislature passed SB223/H238 into law which stipulated that all source code used in voting systems certified in North Carolina would have to undergo a variety of evaluations. The provision stated that “all source code'’ would be made available for review, even that of third party vendors such as the operating system.39It is unclear whether or not this statute will be enforced.40
Wisconsin recently passed Assembly Bill 627 which, in its original form, required municipalities to provide to any person “the coding for the software that the municipality uses to operate the system and to tally the votes cast.'’41The bill was subsequently amended to stipulate the escrow of voting system software “necessary to enable review and verification of the accuracy of the automatic tabulating equipment'’.42
The intent of legislators and election officials involved in these efforts is to make information about the operation of voting systems publicly available because they think the public has a right to see it, or they see disclosure of source code as a necessary precursor to adequate testing to meet their election responsibilities; or both.
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi
1a: âràdhanà 1
(Spoken by the senior monk)
Pubbakaraõapubbakiccàni samàpetvà imissa nisinnassa bhikkhusaïghassa anumatiyà Pàtimokkhaü uddesituü ajjhesanaü karomi.
1b: Okàsakammaü
(Spoken by the recitor)
Okàsa me bhante thero dethu Vinayakathaü kathetuü.
2: Pubbakiccaü
(Spoken by the recitor)
Sammajjanã padãpo ca ~ udakaü àsanena ca
uposathassa etàni ~ pubbakaraõan-ti vuccati.
Chandapàrisuddhi-utukkhànaü bhikkhugaõanà ca ovàdo
uposathassa etàni pubbakiccan-ti vuccati.
Uposatho yàvatikà ca bhikkhå
kammapattà sabhàgàpattiyo
na vijjanti vajjanãyà ca puggalà
tasmiü na honti pattakallan-ti vuccati.
Pubbakaraõapubbakiccàni samàpetvà desitàppikassa samaggassa bhikkhusaïghassa anumatiyà pàtimokkhaü uddisitum-àràdhanaü karoma.
[BJT Vol 3, Page 250] [\x 250/]
(Nidànuddeso) 2
Suõàtu me bhante saïgha, yadi saïghassa3
pattakallaü, saïgho uposathaü kareyya pàtimokkhaü uddiseyya. Kiü
saïghassa pubbakiccaü? Pàrisuddhiü àyasmanto àrocetha Pàtimokkhaü
uddisissàmi. Taü sabbeva santà sàdhukaü suõoma manasikaroma.
Yassa siyà àpatti, so àvãkareyya. Asantiyà àpattiyà, tuõhã
bhavitabbaü. Tuõhã bhàvena kho panàyasmante parisuddhà-ti vedissàmi.
Yathà kho pana paccekapuññhassa veyyàkaraõaü hoti, evam-evaü evaråpàya
parisàya yàvatatiyaü anusàvitaü hoti. Yo pana bhikkhu yàvatatiyaü
anusàviyamàne saramàno santiü àpattiü nàvãkareyya, sampajànamusàvàdassa
hoti. Sampajànamusàvàdo kho panàyasmanto antaràyiko dhammo vutto
Bhagavatà. Tasmà saramànena bhikkhunà àpannena visuddhàpekkhena santã
àpatti àvãkàtabbà. âvãkatà hissa phàsu hoti.
Nidànaü niññhitaü
(Pàràjikuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 028] [\x 028/]
Tatrime cattàro pàràjikà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti. 5
[BJT Vol I, Page 056] [\x 056/]
Pàr 1: (Methunadhammasikkhàpadaü 6):
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhånaü
sikkhàsàjãvasamàpanno sikkhaü apaccakkhàya dubbalyaü anàvãkatvà methunaü
dhammaü pañiseveyya, antamaso tiracchànagatàya pi - pàràjiko hoti,
asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 104] [\x 104/]
Pàr 2: (Adinnàdànasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu gàmà và ara¤¤à và
adinnaü theyyasankhàtaü àdiyeyya. Yathàråpe adinnàdàne ràjàno coraü
gahetvà haneyyuü và bandheyyuü và pabbàjeyyuü và: ßCorosi, bàlosi,
måëhosi, thenosã-ti!û. Tathàråpaü bhikkhu adinnaü àdiyamàno - ayam-pi
pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 160] [\x 160/]
Pàr 3: (Manussaviggahasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu sa¤cicca
manussaviggahaü jãvità voropeyya, satthahàrakaü vàssa pariyeseyya,
maraõavaõõaü và saüvaõõeyya, maraõàya và samàdapeyya: ßAmbho purisa kiü
tuyhiminà pàpakena dujjãvitena? Matante jãvità seyyo ti!û Iti cittamano
cittasaïkappo anekapariyàyena maraõavaõõaü và saüvaõõeyya, maraõàya và
samàdapeyya - ayam-pi pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 200] [\x 200/]
Pàr 4: (Uttarimanussadhammasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu anabhijànaü
uttarimanussadhammaü attåpanàyikaü alam-ariya¤àõadassanaü samudàcareyya:
ßIti jànàmi, iti passàmã-ti!û Tato aparena samayena samanuggàhiyamàno
và asamanuggàhiyamàno và àpanno visuddhàpekkho evaü vadeyya:
ßAjànam-evàhaü àvuso avacaü: jànàmi; apassaü: passàmi; tucchaü musà
vilapin-tiû, a¤¤atra adhimànà - ayam-pi pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 254] [\x 254/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto cattàro pàràjikà dhammà. Yesaü bhikkhu a¤¤ataraü và a¤¤ataraü và àpajjitvà na labhati bhikkhåhi 7 saddhiü saüvàsaü. Yathà pure, tathà pacchà, pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha 8 parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, 9 evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Pàràjikaü niññhitaü
(Saïghàdisesuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 256] [\x 256/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto terasa saïghàdisesà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 260] [\x 260/]
Sd 1: Sukkavisaññhisikkhàpadaü: 10
Sa¤cetanikà sukkavisaññhi, a¤¤atra supinantà, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 294] [\x 294/]
Sd 2: Kàyasaüsaggasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmena saddhiü kàyasaüsaggaü samàpajjeyya, hatthagàhaü và
veõigàhaü và a¤¤atarassa và a¤¤atarassa và aïgassa paràmasanaü,
saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 320] [\x 320/]
Sd 3: Duññhullavàcàsikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmaü duññhullàhi vàcàhi obhàseyya. Yathà taü yuvà yuvatiü
methunåpasaühitàhi, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 332] [\x 332/]
Sd 4: Antakàmapàricariyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmassa santike attakàmapàricariyàya vaõõaü bhàseyya:
ßEtad-aggaü bhagini pàricariyànaü yà màdisaü sãlavantaü kalyàõadhammaü
brahmacàriü etena dhammena paricareyyàû-ti, methunåpasaühitena,
saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 344] [\x 344/]
Sd 5: Sa¤carittasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu sa¤carittaü
samàpajjeyya, itthiyà và purisamatiü, purisassa và itthimatiü, jàyattane
và jàrattane và, antamaso taïkhaõikàya pi, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 382] [\x 382/]
Sd 6: Kuñikàrasikkhàpadaü:
Sa¤¤àcikàya pana bhikkhunà kuñiü
kàrayamànena assàmikaü attuddesaü pamàõikà kàretabbà. Tatridaü pamàõaü:
dãghaso dvàdasa vidatthiyo Sugatavidatthiyà tiriyaü sattantarà. Bhikkhå
abhinetabbà vatthudesanàya, tehi bhikkhåhi vatthuü desetabbaü anàrambhaü
saparikkamanaü. Sàrambhe ce bhikkhu vatthusmiü aparikkamane sa¤¤àcikàya
kuñiü kàreyya, bhikkhå và anabhineyya vatthudesanàya, pamàõaü và
atikkàmeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 406] [\x 406/]
Sd 7: Vihàrakàrasikkhàpadaü:
Mahallakaü pana bhikkhunà vihàraü
kàrayamànena sassàmikaü attuddesaü bhikkhå abhinetabbà vatthudesanàya.
Tehi bhikkhåhi vatthuü desetabbaü anàrambhaü saparikkamanaü. Sàrambhe ce
bhikkhu vatthusmiü aparikkamane mahallakaü vihàraü kàreyya, bhikkhå và
anabhineyya vatthudesanàya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 424] [\x 424/]
Sd 8: Pañhamaduññhadosasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü duññho doso
appatãto amålakena pàràjikena dhammena anuddhaüseyya: ßAppeva nàma naü
imamhà brahmacariyà càveyyan-ti.û. Tato aparena samayena
samanuggàhiyamàno và asamanuggàhiyamàno và, amålaka¤-ceva taü
adhikaraõaü hoti, bhikkhu ca dosaü patiññhàti, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 436] [\x 436/]
Sd 9: Dutiyaduññhadosasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü duññho doso
appatãto a¤¤abhàgiyassa adhikaraõassa ki¤ci desaü lesamattaü upàdàya
pàràjikena dhammena anuddhaüseyya: ßAppeva nàma naü imamhà brahmacariyà
càveyyan-ti.û Tato aparena samayena samanuggàhiyamàno và
asamanuggàhiyamàno và, a¤¤abhàgiya¤-ceva taü adhikaraõaü hoti, koci deso
lesamatto upàdinno, bhikkhu ca dosaü patiññhàti, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 452] [\x 452/]
Sd 10: Pañhamasaïghabhedasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana
bhikkhu samaggassa saïghassa bhedàya parakkameyya bhedanasaüvattanikaü
và adhikaraõaü samàdàya paggayha tiññheyya. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
evam-assa vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà samaggassa saïghassa bhedàya parakkami
bhedanasaüvattanikaü và adhikaraõaü samàdàya paggayha aññhàsi.
Sametàyasmà saïghena, samaggo hi saïgho sammodamàno avivadamàno ekuddeso
phàsu viharatãû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi vuccamàno tatheva
paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbo tassa
pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce samanubhàsiyamàno taü pañinissajeyya, 11 iccetaü kusalaü. No ce pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 456] [\x 456/]
Sd 11: Dutiyasaïghabhedasikkhàpadaü:
Tasseva kho pana bhikkhussa bhikkhå
honti anuvattakà vaggavàdakà, eko và dve và tayo và, te evaü vadeyyuü:
ßMà àyasmanto etaü bhikkhuü ki¤ci avacuttha, dhammavàdã ceso bhikkhu,
vinayavàdã ceso bhikkhu, amhàka¤-ceso bhikkhu; chanda¤-ca, ruci¤-ca
àdàya voharati, jànàti no bhàsati, amhàkam-petaü khamatãû-ti. Te bhikkhå
bhikkhåhi evam-assu vacanãyà: ßMà àyasmanto evaü avacuttha. Na ceso
bhikkhu dhammavàdã, na ceso bhikkhu vinayavàdã. Mà àyasmantànam-pi
saïghabhedo ruccittha. Sametàyasmantànaü saïghena, samaggo hi saïgho
sammodamàno avivadamàno ekuddeso phàsu viharatãû-ti. Eva¤-ca te bhikkhå
bhikkhåhi vuccamànà tatheva paggaõheyyuü, te bhikkhå bhikkhåhi
yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbà tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce
samanubhàsiyamànà taü pañinissajeyyuü, iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
pañinissajeyyuü, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 462] [\x 462/]
Sd 12: Dubbacasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhu paneva dubbacajàtiko hoti.
Uddesapariyàpannesu sikkhàpadesu bhikkhåhi sahadhammikaü vuccamàno
attànaü avacanãyaü karoti: ßMà maü àyasmanto ki¤ci avacuttha, kalyàõaü
và pàpakaü và. Aham-pàyasmante na ki¤ci vakkhàmi, kalyàõaü và pàpakaü
và. Viramathàyasmanto mama vacanàyàû-ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa
vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà attànaü avacanãyaü akàsi. Vacanãyam-evàyasmà
attànaü karotu. âyasmà pi bhikkhå vadetu sahadhammena, bhikkhå pi
àyasmantaü vakkhanti sahadhammena. Evaü saüvaddhà hi tassa Bhagavato
parisà, yadidaü a¤¤am-a¤¤avacanena a¤¤am-a¤¤avuññhàpanenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca
so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi vuccamàno tatheva paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbo tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce
samanubhàsiyamàno taü pañinissajeyya iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 476] [\x 476/]
Sd 13: Kuladåsakasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhu paneva a¤¤ataraü gàmaü và
nigamaü và upanissàya viharati kuladåsako pàpasamàcàro. Tassa kho pàpakà
samàcàrà dissanti ceva suyyanti ca. Kulàni ca tena duññhàni dissanti
ceva suyyanti ca. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa vacanãyo: ßâyasmà kho
kuladåsako pàpasamàcàro. âyasmato kho pàpakà samàcàrà dissanti ceva
suyyanti ca. Kulàni càyasmatà duññhàni dissanti ceva suyyanti ca.
Pakkamatàyasmà imamhà àvàsà. Alan-te idha vàsenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu
bhikkhåhi vuccamàno te bhikkhå evaü vadeyya: ßChandagàmino ca bhikkhå,
dosagàmino ca bhikkhå, mohagàmino ca bhikkhå, bhayagàmino ca bhikkhå.
Tàdisikàya àpattiyà ekaccaü pabbàjenti, ekaccaü na pabbàjentãû-ti. So
bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà evaü avaca, na ca
bhikkhå chandagàmino, na ca bhikkhå dosagàmino, na ca bhikkhå
mohagàmino, na ca bhikkhå bhayagàmino. âyasmà kho kuladåsako
pàpasamàcàro. âyasmato kho pàpakà samàcàrà dissanti ceva suyyanti ca.
Kulàni càyasmatà duññhàni dissanti ceva suyyanti ca. Pakkamatàyasmà
imamhà àvàsà. Alan-te idha vàsenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
vuccamàno tatheva paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi yàvatatiyaü
samanubhàsitabbo tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce samanubhàsiyamàno
taü pañinissajeyya iccetaü kusalaü. No ce pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 482] [\x 482/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto terasa
saïghàdisesà dhammà, nava pañhamàpattikà cattàro yàvatatiyakà. Yesaü
bhikkhu a¤¤ataraü và a¤¤ataraü và àpajjitvà, yàvatihaü jànaü
pañicchàdeti, tàvatihaü tena bhikkhunà akàmà parivatthabbaü.
Parivutthaparivàsena bhikkhunà uttarichàrattaü bhikkhumànattàya
pañipajjitabbaü. Ciõõamànatto bhikkhu: yattha siyà vãsatigaõo
bhikkhusaïgho, tattha so bhikkhu abbhetabbo. Ekena pi ce åno vãsatigaõo
bhikkhusaïgho taü bhikkhuü abbheyya, so ca bhikkhu anabbhito, te ca
bhikkhå gàrayhà. Ayaü tattha sàmãci.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Saïghàdiseso niññhito
(Aniyatuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 484] [\x 484/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto dve aniyatà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 486] [\x 486/]
Aniy 1: Pañhama-aniyatasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu màtugàmena saddhiü eko
ekàya raho pañicchanne àsane alaïkammaniye nisajjaü kappeyya. Tam-enaü
saddheyyavacasà upàsikà disvà tiõõaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena vadeyya:
pàràjikena và saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Nisajjaü bhikkhu
pañijànamàno tiõõaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena kàretabbo: pàràjikena và
saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Yena và sà saddheyyavacasà upàsikà
vadeyya, tena so bhikkhu kàretabbo. Ayaü dhammo aniyato.
[BJT Vol I, Page 492] [\x 492/]
Aniy 2: Dutiya-aniyatasikkhàpadaü:
Na heva kho pana pañicchannaü àsanaü
hoti nàlaïkammaniyaü. Ala¤-ca kho hoti màtugàmaü duññhullàhi vàcàhi
obhàsituü. Yo pana bhikkhu tathàråpe àsane màtugàmena saddhiü eko ekàya
raho nisajjaü kappeyya. Tam-enaü saddheyyavacasà upàsikà disvà dvinnaü
dhammànaü a¤¤atarena vadeyya saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Nisajjaü
bhikkhu pañijànamàno dvinnaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena kàretabbo
saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Yena và sà saddheyyavacasà upàsikà
vadeyya, tena so bhikkhu kàretabbo. Ayam-pi dhammo aniyato.
[BJT Vol I, Page 496] [\x 496/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto dve aniyatà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Aniyato niññhito
(Nissaggiyapàcittiyà)
[BJT Vol I, Page 498] [\x 498/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto tiüsa nissaggiyà pàcittiyà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 500] [\x 500/]
NP 1: Pañhamakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, dasàhaparamaü atirekacãvaraü dhàretabbaü. Taü
atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 504] [\x 504/]
NP 2: Dutiyakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, ekarattam-pi ce bhikkhu ticãvarena vippavaseyya,
a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 512] [\x 512/]
NP 3: Tatiyakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, bhikkhuno paneva akàlacãvaraü uppajjeyya.
âkaïkhamànena bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbaü, pañiggahetvà khippam-eva
kàretabbaü. No cassa pàripåri, màsaparamaü tena bhikkhunà taü cãvaraü
nikkhipitabbaü ånassa pàripåriyà, satiyà paccàsàya. Tato ce uttariü
nikkhipeyya, satiyà pi paccàsàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 518] [\x 518/]
NP 4: Puràõacãvarasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà puràõacãvaraü dhovàpeyya và rajàpeyya và àkoñàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 524] [\x 524/]
NP 5: Cãvarapañiggahaõasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà hatthato cãvaraü pañiggaõheyya, a¤¤atra pàrivaññakà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 530] [\x 530/]
NP 6: A¤¤àtakavi¤¤attisikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtakaü gahapatiü và gahapatàniü và cãvaraü vi¤¤àpeyya, a¤¤atra samayà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Tatthàyaü samayo: acchinnacãvaro và hoti bhikkhu naññhacãvaro và - ayaü tattha samayo.
[BJT Vol I, Page 534] [\x 534/]
NP 7: Tatuttarisikkhàpadaü:
Ta¤-ce
a¤¤àtako gahapati và gahapatànã và bahåhi cãvarehi abhihaññhuü
pavàreyya, santaruttaraparamaü tena bhikkhunà tato cãvaraü sàditabbaü.
Tato ce uttariü 12 sàdiyeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 536] [\x 536/]
NP 8: Pañhama-upakkhañasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa a¤¤àtakassa gahapatissa và gahapatàniyà và cãvaracetàpannaü 13
upakkhañaü hoti: ßIminà cãvaracetàpannena cãvaraü cetàpetvà itthannàmaü
bhikkhuü cãvarena acchàdessàmãû-ti. Tatra ce so bhikkhu pubbe
appavàrito upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü àpajjeyya: ßSàdhu vata maü
àyasmà iminà cãvaracetàpannena evaråpaü và evaråpaü và cãvaraü cetàpetvà
acchàdehãû-ti. Kalyàõakamyataü upàdàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 542] [\x 542/]
NP 9: Dutiya-upakkhañasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa ubhinnaü
a¤¤àtakànaü gahapatãnaü và gahapatànãnaü và paccekacãvaracetàpannà
upakkhañà honti: ßImehi mayaü paccekacãvaracetàpannehi paccekacãvaràni
cetàpetvà itthannàmaü bhikkhuü cãvarehi acchàdessàmàû-ti. Tatra ce so
bhikkhu pubbe appavàrito upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü àpajjeyya: ßSàdhu
vata maü àyasmanto imehi paccekacãvaracetàpannehi evaråpaü và evaråpaü
và cãvaraü cetàpetvà acchàdetha ubho va santà ekenàû-ti. Kalyàõakamyataü
upàdàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 548] [\x 548/]
NP 10: Ràjasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü
paneva uddissa ràjà và ràjabhoggo và bràhmaõo và gahapatiko và dåtena
cãvaracetàpannaü pahiõeyya: ßIminà cãvaracetàpanena cãvaraü cetàpetvà
itthannàmaü bhikkhuü cãvarena acchàdehãû-ti. So ce dåto taü bhikkhuü
upasaïkamitvà evaü vadeyya: ßIdaü kho bhante àyasmantaü uddissa
cãvaracetàpannaü àbhataü, pañiggaõhàtu 14
àyasmà cãvaracetàpannanû-ti. Tena bhikkhunà so dåto evam-assa vacanãyo:
ßNa kho mayaü àvuso cãvaracetàpannaü pañiggaõhàma cãvara¤-ca kho mayaü
pañiggaõhàma kàlena kappiyanû-ti. So ce dåto taü bhikkhuü evaü vadeyya:
ßAtthi panàyasmato koci veyyàvacakaroû ti. ßCãvaratthikena bhikkhave
bhikkhunà veyyàvaccakaro niddisitabbo àràmiko và upàsako và: ßEso kho
àvuso bhikkhånaü veyyàvaccakaroû ti. So ce dåto taü veyyàvaccakaraü
sa¤¤àpetvà taü bhikkhuü upasaïkamitvà evaü vadeyya: ßYaü kho bhante
àyasmà veyyàvaccakaraü niddisi, sa¤¤atto so mayà. Upasaïkamatu àyasmà
kàlena, cãvarena taü acchàdessatãû-ti. Cãvaratthikena bhikkhave
bhikkhunà veyyàvaccakaro upasaïkamitvà dvattikkhattuü codetabbo
sàretabbo: ßAttho me àvuso cãvarenàû-ti. Dvattikkhattuü codayamàno
sàrayamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya, iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
abhinipphàdeyya, catukkhattuü pa¤cakkhattuü chakkhattuü paramaü
tuõhãbhåtena uddissa ñhàtabbaü. Catukkhattuü pa¤cakkhattuü chakkhattuü
paramaü tuõhãbhåto uddissa tiññhamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya,
iccetaü kusalaü. Tato ce uttariü vàyamamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
No ce abhinipphàdeyya, yatassa cãvaracetàpannaü àbhataü tattha sàmaü
và gantabbaü dåto và pàhetabbo: ßYaü kho tumhe àyasmanto bhikkhuü
uddissa cãvaracetàpannaü pahiõittha, na taü tassa bhikkhuno ki¤ci atthaü
anubhoti, yu¤jantàyasmanto sakaü, mà vo sakaü vinassàû-ti. Ayaü tattha
sàmãci.
Cãvaravaggo pañhamo
[BJT Vol I, Page 554] [\x 554/]
NP 11: Kosiyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu Kosiyamissakaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü 15 pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 556] [\x 556/]
NP 12: Suddhakàëakasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 560] [\x 560/]
NP 13: Dvebhàgasikkhàpadaü:
Navaü pana bhikkhunà santhataü
kàrayamànena dve bhàgà suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü àdàtabbà, tatiyaü
odàtànaü catutthaü gocariyànaü. Anàdà ce bhikkhu dve bhàge
suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü tatiyaü odàtànaü catutthaü gocariyànaü
navaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 564] [\x 564/]
NP 14: Chabbassisikkhàpadaü:
Navaü pana bhikkhunà santhataü
kàràpetvà chabbassàni dhàretabbaü. Orena ce channaü vassànaü taü
santhataü vissajjetvà và avissajjetvà và a¤¤aü navaü santhataü
kàràpeyya, a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 570] [\x 570/]
NP 15: Nisãdanasanthatasikkhàpadaü:
Nisãdanasanthataü pana bhikkhunà
kàrayamànena puràõasanthatassa sàmantà Sugatavidatthã àdàtabbà
dubbaõõakaraõàya, ànàda ce bhikkhu puràõasanthatassa sàmantà
Sugatavidatthiü navaü nisãdanasanthataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü
pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 572] [\x 572/]
NP 16: Eëakalomasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuno paneva
addhànamaggappañipannassa eëakalomàni uppajjeyyuü. âkaïkhamànena
bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbàni. Pañiggahetvà tiyojanaparamaü sahatthà
haritabbàni, asante hàrake. Tato ce uttariü hareyya asante pi hàrake,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 576] [\x 576/]
NP 17: Eëakalomadhovàpanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà eëakalomàni dhovàpeyya và rajàpeyya và vijañàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 580] [\x 580/]
NP 18: Råpiyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jàtaråparajataü uggaõheyya và uggaõhàpeyya và upanikkhittaü và sàdiyeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 584] [\x 584/]
NP 19: Råpiyasaüvohàrasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu nànappakàrakaü råpiyasaüvohàraü samàpajjeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 590] [\x 590/]
NP 20: Kayavikkayasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu nànappakàrakaü kayavikkayaü samàpajjeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Kosiyavaggo dutiyo
[BJT Vol I, Page 594] [\x 594/]
NP 21: Pattasikkhàpadaü:
Dasàhaparamaü atirekapatto dhàretabbo. Taü atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 600] [\x 600/]
NP 22: ænapa¤cabandhanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu ånapa¤cabandhanena pattena a¤¤aü navaü pattaü cetàpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Tena bhikkhunà so patto bhikkhuparisàya nissajitabbo. Yo ca tassà
bhikkhuparisàya pattapariyanto, so tassa bhikkhuno padàtabbo: ßAyaü te
bhikkhu patto, yàva bhedanàya dhàretabboû ti. Ayaü tattha sàmãci.
[BJT Vol I, Page 610] [\x 610/]
NP 23: Bhesajjasikkhàpadaü:
Yàni kho pana tàni gilànànaü
bhikkhånaü pañisàyanãyàni bhesajjàni, seyyathãdaü: sappi, navanãtaü,
telaü, madhu, phàõitaü; tàni pañiggahetvà sattàhaparamaü sannidhikàrakaü
paribhu¤jitabbàni. Taü atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 614] [\x 614/]
NP 24: Vassikasàñikasikkhàpadaü:
ßMàso seso gimhànanû-ti: bhikkhunà
vassikasàñikacãvaraü pariyesitabbam. ßAddhamàso seso gimhànanû-ti: katvà
nivàsetabbaü. ßOrena ce màso seso gimhànanû-ti: vassikasàñikacãvaraü
pariyeseyya. ßOrenaddhamàso seso gimhànanû-ti: katvà nivàseyya,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 618] [\x 618/]
NP 25: Cãvara-acchindanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhussa sàmaü cãvaraü datvà kupito 16 anattamano acchindeyya và acchindàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 620] [\x 620/]
NP 26: Suttavi¤¤attisikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu sàmaü suttaü vi¤¤àpetvà tantavàyehi cãvaraü vàyàpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 624] [\x 624/]
NP 27: Mahàpesakàrasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa a¤¤àtako
gahapati và gahapatànã và tantavàyehi cãvaraü vàyàpeyya. Tatra ce so
bhikkhu pubbe appavàrito tantavàye upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü
àpajjeyya: ßIdaü kho àvuso cãvaraü maü uddissa viyyati àyata¤-ca
karotha, vitthata¤-ca, appita¤-ca, suvãta¤-ca, suppavàyita¤-ca,
suvilekhita¤-ca, suvitacchita¤-ca karotha; appeva nàma mayam-pi
àyasmantànaü ki¤cimattaü anupadajjeyyàmàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu vatvà
ki¤cimattaü anupadajjeyya antamaso piõóapàtamattam-pi, nissaggiyaü
pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 630] [\x 630/]
NP 28: Accekacãvarasikkhàpadaü:
Dasàhànàgataü kattikatemàsikapuõõamaü,
bhikkhuno paneva accekacãvaraü uppajjeyya, accekaü ma¤¤amànena
bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbaü. Pañiggahetvà yàva cãvarakàlasamayaü
nikkhipitabbaü. Tato ce uttariü nikkhipeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 634] [\x 634/]
NP 29: Sàsaïkhasikkhàpadaü:
Upavassaü kho pana kattikapuõõamaü
yàni kho pana tàni àra¤¤akàni senàsanàni sàsaïkasammatàni
sappañibhayàni, tathà råpesu bhikkhu senàsanesu viharanto àkaïkhamàno
tiõõaü cãvarànaü a¤¤ataraü cãvaraü antaraghare nikkhipeyya. Siyà ca
tassa bhikkhuno kocid-eva paccayo tena cãvarena vippavàsàya,
chàrattaparamaü tena bhikkhunà tena cãvarena vippavasitabbaü. Tato ce
uttariü vippavaseyya, a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 638] [\x 638/]
NP 30: Pariõatasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jànaü saïghikaü làbhaü pariõataü attano pariõàmeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Pattavaggo tatiyo
[BJT Vol I, Page 640] [\x 640/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto tiüsa nissaggiyà pàcittiyà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Nissaggiyapàcittiyà niññhità
Next Section
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi Home Page Word Index
End Notes
1
Editor’s note: It seems every tradition has its own way of introducing
the recital of the Pàtimokkha. Here only two of the simpler ways are
included. Either the âràdhanà & Okàsakammaü is recited; or the
Pubbakiccaü (but not both).
2 The bracketed headings for the various sections are supplied from the ChS edition of the Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi.
3 BJT note: Suõàtu me bhante saïgho, ajja uposatho paõõaraso - PTS
4 The following 5 lines are not in BJT.
5 BJT note: This reading is not seen in some books.
6 The Pàràjika rules in BJT are listed simply as Pañhama-, Dutiya-, Tatiya-, & Catutthapàràjikaü;
without further identification. Most of the other rules have mnenomic
titles usually connected with the wording of the rule, or the occasion
for it (but see the notes to the Pàñidesanãya & Sekhiya rules
below). The titles in brackets in this section are taken from the ChS
edition of the text.
7 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhikkhuhi here, elsewhere bhikkhåhi.
8 Editor’s note: BJT, Kaccãttha here, elsewhere kaccittha.
9 Editor’s note: BJT, Tuõhi here, elsewhere tuõhã.
10 Editor’s note: this is the end title in BJT, the heading simply reads Pañhamasaïghàdisesà, but all the rest of these training rules are given distinctive titles.
11 BJT note: Pañinissajjeyya - ChS.
12 BJT note: Uttari - ChS
13 BJT note: Cãvaracetàpanaü - Thai.
14 Editor’s note: BJT, patiggaõh- here, but pañigaõh- in NP5 above.
15 Editor’s note: BJT, Nissaggãyaü, printer’s error.
16 Editor’s note: BJT, Kåpito - printer’s error.
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Recommended Resources
More Business Opportunities
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05/16/13
Filed under:
General,
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Posted by:
@ 7:17 pm
923 LESSON 18-05-2013 SATURDAY-FREE ONLINE eNālāndā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi
1a: âràdhanà 1
(Spoken by the senior monk)
MISUSE OF EVM _ PART - 6
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Related Articles
18-05-2013
• MISUSE OF EVM _ PART - 8
•
•
New voter verifiable paper
trail (VVPT) machines to replace the EVMs, following doubts that it
could be tampered.Voting Machines are “Calculators which can be
manipulated by computer softwares”. New Machines are ordered by EC,
where a paper slip will come out with EVM voting which will be then
deposited in a box. What is the use? Paper Slip will show that voter has
casted vote for “Party A”, but calculator software will add vote to
“Party B”! The Computers are programmable. No use for such fake paper
slips. In Superior Courts it has been demonstrated how these computers
can be manipulated and how it can be pre-programmed to make sure victory
to one candidate during election. The EVM machines have killed
Democracy and have all the potentials to do so. The ruling castes are
manipulating EVMs to make sure victory to them depriving the depressed
classes to enable them to acquire the MASTER KEY that can unlock all
doors of progress to the entire people.
Please enable http://sarvajan.ambedkar.org to enable it to awaken the masses on the killers of democracy right from the Open Source code details of EVMs.
with kind regards
Jagatheesan Chandrasekharan
•
• Under such circumstances the following exposure by media had no relevance during the last Karnataka Assembly Elections 2013 where the Congress won and the trend will continue in the forth coming General Elections until the Superior Court and the upholders of Democracy including the free and fair media. •
4 Enclosing Transparency Has Had Negative Effects
This increasing enclosure of transparency has negative effects on a number of levels. First, the voting public cannot see with their eyes or generally comprehend what is happening during the voting process. They have to trust that the voting system works without flaws and that the election official has implemented the voting system correctly.
In a similar vein, election administrators cannot observe what is happening in the depths of their election machinery. Even in cases where the official has access to the technical details of the system, they do not necessarily have the appropriate expertise and resources required to review the system. To provide the level of scrutiny required for their trust, election officials have historically relied on the federal voting system standards and the associated ITA certification process, coupled with any additional State-level evaluation.
However, the federal process also suffers from lack of transparency. The process by which a voting system is state and federally approved to be fit for use in a local jurisdiction is widely believed to be inadequate and dysfunctional and is highly opaque. Existing Federal voting system guidelines are weak and out-of-date.23Federally certified voting systems have lost votes when used on election day24and critical parts of voting systems have made it through federal certification without being examined.25The federal certification process relies on Independent Testing Authority (ITA) laboratories to test voting systems for compliance with the federal voting system standards and guidelines.26The ITAs are paid by the vendors and all communications and subsequent output from the ITA testing is considered confidential and protected under non-disclosure agreements (NDA) by the vendors.27Vendors have claimed that the disclosure of information by the ITAs would implicate their intellectual property rights and compromise the security of their systems.28In part, the vendors object to sharing information from the ITA review process based on their desire to maintain “security through obscurity,'’ a principle from computer science that has long been discredited.29Source code review by independent, dedicated evaluation teams improves system security; however, the circumstances of the evaluation and relationship between the parties involved should be carefully considered to maximize the utility of evaluation and minimize any undue influence.30
Over the past year, there have been a number of cases where the ITA laboratories failed to catch violations of the federal standards.31In the face of these failures at the federal level, State and local election officials have had to increase the scrutiny of their systems. Election officials are reluctant to rely on the vendor or ITA to effectively evaluate these systems. They have started to commission their own investigations of particular voting systems using their own independent experts.32These officials want to conduct evaluations that are either out of scope or performed poorly in the ITA process. In many cases, especially with additional security testing, access to the source code for voting systems is essential to perform effective evaluation.
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi
1a: âràdhanà 1
(Spoken by the senior monk)
Pubbakaraõapubbakiccàni samàpetvà imissa nisinnassa bhikkhusaïghassa anumatiyà Pàtimokkhaü uddesituü ajjhesanaü karomi.
1b: Okàsakammaü
(Spoken by the recitor)
Okàsa me bhante thero dethu Vinayakathaü kathetuü.
2: Pubbakiccaü
(Spoken by the recitor)
Sammajjanã padãpo ca ~ udakaü àsanena ca
uposathassa etàni ~ pubbakaraõan-ti vuccati.
Chandapàrisuddhi-utukkhànaü bhikkhugaõanà ca ovàdo
uposathassa etàni pubbakiccan-ti vuccati.
Uposatho yàvatikà ca bhikkhå
kammapattà sabhàgàpattiyo
na vijjanti vajjanãyà ca puggalà
tasmiü na honti pattakallan-ti vuccati.
Pubbakaraõapubbakiccàni samàpetvà desitàppikassa samaggassa bhikkhusaïghassa anumatiyà pàtimokkhaü uddisitum-àràdhanaü karoma.
[BJT Vol 3, Page 250] [\x 250/]
(Nidànuddeso) 2
Suõàtu me bhante saïgha, yadi saïghassa3
pattakallaü, saïgho uposathaü kareyya pàtimokkhaü uddiseyya. Kiü
saïghassa pubbakiccaü? Pàrisuddhiü àyasmanto àrocetha Pàtimokkhaü
uddisissàmi. Taü sabbeva santà sàdhukaü suõoma manasikaroma.
Yassa siyà àpatti, so àvãkareyya. Asantiyà àpattiyà, tuõhã
bhavitabbaü. Tuõhã bhàvena kho panàyasmante parisuddhà-ti vedissàmi.
Yathà kho pana paccekapuññhassa veyyàkaraõaü hoti, evam-evaü evaråpàya
parisàya yàvatatiyaü anusàvitaü hoti. Yo pana bhikkhu yàvatatiyaü
anusàviyamàne saramàno santiü àpattiü nàvãkareyya, sampajànamusàvàdassa
hoti. Sampajànamusàvàdo kho panàyasmanto antaràyiko dhammo vutto
Bhagavatà. Tasmà saramànena bhikkhunà àpannena visuddhàpekkhena santã
àpatti àvãkàtabbà. âvãkatà hissa phàsu hoti.
Nidànaü niññhitaü
(Pàràjikuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 028] [\x 028/]
Tatrime cattàro pàràjikà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti. 5
[BJT Vol I, Page 056] [\x 056/]
Pàr 1: (Methunadhammasikkhàpadaü 6):
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhånaü
sikkhàsàjãvasamàpanno sikkhaü apaccakkhàya dubbalyaü anàvãkatvà methunaü
dhammaü pañiseveyya, antamaso tiracchànagatàya pi - pàràjiko hoti,
asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 104] [\x 104/]
Pàr 2: (Adinnàdànasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu gàmà và ara¤¤à và
adinnaü theyyasankhàtaü àdiyeyya. Yathàråpe adinnàdàne ràjàno coraü
gahetvà haneyyuü và bandheyyuü và pabbàjeyyuü và: ßCorosi, bàlosi,
måëhosi, thenosã-ti!û. Tathàråpaü bhikkhu adinnaü àdiyamàno - ayam-pi
pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 160] [\x 160/]
Pàr 3: (Manussaviggahasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu sa¤cicca
manussaviggahaü jãvità voropeyya, satthahàrakaü vàssa pariyeseyya,
maraõavaõõaü và saüvaõõeyya, maraõàya và samàdapeyya: ßAmbho purisa kiü
tuyhiminà pàpakena dujjãvitena? Matante jãvità seyyo ti!û Iti cittamano
cittasaïkappo anekapariyàyena maraõavaõõaü và saüvaõõeyya, maraõàya và
samàdapeyya - ayam-pi pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 200] [\x 200/]
Pàr 4: (Uttarimanussadhammasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu anabhijànaü
uttarimanussadhammaü attåpanàyikaü alam-ariya¤àõadassanaü samudàcareyya:
ßIti jànàmi, iti passàmã-ti!û Tato aparena samayena samanuggàhiyamàno
và asamanuggàhiyamàno và àpanno visuddhàpekkho evaü vadeyya:
ßAjànam-evàhaü àvuso avacaü: jànàmi; apassaü: passàmi; tucchaü musà
vilapin-tiû, a¤¤atra adhimànà - ayam-pi pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 254] [\x 254/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto cattàro pàràjikà dhammà. Yesaü bhikkhu a¤¤ataraü và a¤¤ataraü và àpajjitvà na labhati bhikkhåhi 7 saddhiü saüvàsaü. Yathà pure, tathà pacchà, pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha 8 parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, 9 evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Pàràjikaü niññhitaü
(Saïghàdisesuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 256] [\x 256/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto terasa saïghàdisesà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 260] [\x 260/]
Sd 1: Sukkavisaññhisikkhàpadaü: 10
Sa¤cetanikà sukkavisaññhi, a¤¤atra supinantà, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 294] [\x 294/]
Sd 2: Kàyasaüsaggasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmena saddhiü kàyasaüsaggaü samàpajjeyya, hatthagàhaü và
veõigàhaü và a¤¤atarassa và a¤¤atarassa và aïgassa paràmasanaü,
saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 320] [\x 320/]
Sd 3: Duññhullavàcàsikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmaü duññhullàhi vàcàhi obhàseyya. Yathà taü yuvà yuvatiü
methunåpasaühitàhi, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 332] [\x 332/]
Sd 4: Antakàmapàricariyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmassa santike attakàmapàricariyàya vaõõaü bhàseyya:
ßEtad-aggaü bhagini pàricariyànaü yà màdisaü sãlavantaü kalyàõadhammaü
brahmacàriü etena dhammena paricareyyàû-ti, methunåpasaühitena,
saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 344] [\x 344/]
Sd 5: Sa¤carittasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu sa¤carittaü
samàpajjeyya, itthiyà và purisamatiü, purisassa và itthimatiü, jàyattane
và jàrattane và, antamaso taïkhaõikàya pi, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 382] [\x 382/]
Sd 6: Kuñikàrasikkhàpadaü:
Sa¤¤àcikàya pana bhikkhunà kuñiü
kàrayamànena assàmikaü attuddesaü pamàõikà kàretabbà. Tatridaü pamàõaü:
dãghaso dvàdasa vidatthiyo Sugatavidatthiyà tiriyaü sattantarà. Bhikkhå
abhinetabbà vatthudesanàya, tehi bhikkhåhi vatthuü desetabbaü anàrambhaü
saparikkamanaü. Sàrambhe ce bhikkhu vatthusmiü aparikkamane sa¤¤àcikàya
kuñiü kàreyya, bhikkhå và anabhineyya vatthudesanàya, pamàõaü và
atikkàmeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 406] [\x 406/]
Sd 7: Vihàrakàrasikkhàpadaü:
Mahallakaü pana bhikkhunà vihàraü
kàrayamànena sassàmikaü attuddesaü bhikkhå abhinetabbà vatthudesanàya.
Tehi bhikkhåhi vatthuü desetabbaü anàrambhaü saparikkamanaü. Sàrambhe ce
bhikkhu vatthusmiü aparikkamane mahallakaü vihàraü kàreyya, bhikkhå và
anabhineyya vatthudesanàya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 424] [\x 424/]
Sd 8: Pañhamaduññhadosasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü duññho doso
appatãto amålakena pàràjikena dhammena anuddhaüseyya: ßAppeva nàma naü
imamhà brahmacariyà càveyyan-ti.û. Tato aparena samayena
samanuggàhiyamàno và asamanuggàhiyamàno và, amålaka¤-ceva taü
adhikaraõaü hoti, bhikkhu ca dosaü patiññhàti, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 436] [\x 436/]
Sd 9: Dutiyaduññhadosasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü duññho doso
appatãto a¤¤abhàgiyassa adhikaraõassa ki¤ci desaü lesamattaü upàdàya
pàràjikena dhammena anuddhaüseyya: ßAppeva nàma naü imamhà brahmacariyà
càveyyan-ti.û Tato aparena samayena samanuggàhiyamàno và
asamanuggàhiyamàno và, a¤¤abhàgiya¤-ceva taü adhikaraõaü hoti, koci deso
lesamatto upàdinno, bhikkhu ca dosaü patiññhàti, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 452] [\x 452/]
Sd 10: Pañhamasaïghabhedasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana
bhikkhu samaggassa saïghassa bhedàya parakkameyya bhedanasaüvattanikaü
và adhikaraõaü samàdàya paggayha tiññheyya. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
evam-assa vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà samaggassa saïghassa bhedàya parakkami
bhedanasaüvattanikaü và adhikaraõaü samàdàya paggayha aññhàsi.
Sametàyasmà saïghena, samaggo hi saïgho sammodamàno avivadamàno ekuddeso
phàsu viharatãû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi vuccamàno tatheva
paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbo tassa
pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce samanubhàsiyamàno taü pañinissajeyya, 11 iccetaü kusalaü. No ce pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 456] [\x 456/]
Sd 11: Dutiyasaïghabhedasikkhàpadaü:
Tasseva kho pana bhikkhussa bhikkhå
honti anuvattakà vaggavàdakà, eko và dve và tayo và, te evaü vadeyyuü:
ßMà àyasmanto etaü bhikkhuü ki¤ci avacuttha, dhammavàdã ceso bhikkhu,
vinayavàdã ceso bhikkhu, amhàka¤-ceso bhikkhu; chanda¤-ca, ruci¤-ca
àdàya voharati, jànàti no bhàsati, amhàkam-petaü khamatãû-ti. Te bhikkhå
bhikkhåhi evam-assu vacanãyà: ßMà àyasmanto evaü avacuttha. Na ceso
bhikkhu dhammavàdã, na ceso bhikkhu vinayavàdã. Mà àyasmantànam-pi
saïghabhedo ruccittha. Sametàyasmantànaü saïghena, samaggo hi saïgho
sammodamàno avivadamàno ekuddeso phàsu viharatãû-ti. Eva¤-ca te bhikkhå
bhikkhåhi vuccamànà tatheva paggaõheyyuü, te bhikkhå bhikkhåhi
yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbà tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce
samanubhàsiyamànà taü pañinissajeyyuü, iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
pañinissajeyyuü, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 462] [\x 462/]
Sd 12: Dubbacasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhu paneva dubbacajàtiko hoti.
Uddesapariyàpannesu sikkhàpadesu bhikkhåhi sahadhammikaü vuccamàno
attànaü avacanãyaü karoti: ßMà maü àyasmanto ki¤ci avacuttha, kalyàõaü
và pàpakaü và. Aham-pàyasmante na ki¤ci vakkhàmi, kalyàõaü và pàpakaü
và. Viramathàyasmanto mama vacanàyàû-ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa
vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà attànaü avacanãyaü akàsi. Vacanãyam-evàyasmà
attànaü karotu. âyasmà pi bhikkhå vadetu sahadhammena, bhikkhå pi
àyasmantaü vakkhanti sahadhammena. Evaü saüvaddhà hi tassa Bhagavato
parisà, yadidaü a¤¤am-a¤¤avacanena a¤¤am-a¤¤avuññhàpanenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca
so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi vuccamàno tatheva paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbo tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce
samanubhàsiyamàno taü pañinissajeyya iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 476] [\x 476/]
Sd 13: Kuladåsakasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhu paneva a¤¤ataraü gàmaü và
nigamaü và upanissàya viharati kuladåsako pàpasamàcàro. Tassa kho pàpakà
samàcàrà dissanti ceva suyyanti ca. Kulàni ca tena duññhàni dissanti
ceva suyyanti ca. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa vacanãyo: ßâyasmà kho
kuladåsako pàpasamàcàro. âyasmato kho pàpakà samàcàrà dissanti ceva
suyyanti ca. Kulàni càyasmatà duññhàni dissanti ceva suyyanti ca.
Pakkamatàyasmà imamhà àvàsà. Alan-te idha vàsenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu
bhikkhåhi vuccamàno te bhikkhå evaü vadeyya: ßChandagàmino ca bhikkhå,
dosagàmino ca bhikkhå, mohagàmino ca bhikkhå, bhayagàmino ca bhikkhå.
Tàdisikàya àpattiyà ekaccaü pabbàjenti, ekaccaü na pabbàjentãû-ti. So
bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà evaü avaca, na ca
bhikkhå chandagàmino, na ca bhikkhå dosagàmino, na ca bhikkhå
mohagàmino, na ca bhikkhå bhayagàmino. âyasmà kho kuladåsako
pàpasamàcàro. âyasmato kho pàpakà samàcàrà dissanti ceva suyyanti ca.
Kulàni càyasmatà duññhàni dissanti ceva suyyanti ca. Pakkamatàyasmà
imamhà àvàsà. Alan-te idha vàsenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
vuccamàno tatheva paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi yàvatatiyaü
samanubhàsitabbo tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce samanubhàsiyamàno
taü pañinissajeyya iccetaü kusalaü. No ce pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 482] [\x 482/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto terasa
saïghàdisesà dhammà, nava pañhamàpattikà cattàro yàvatatiyakà. Yesaü
bhikkhu a¤¤ataraü và a¤¤ataraü và àpajjitvà, yàvatihaü jànaü
pañicchàdeti, tàvatihaü tena bhikkhunà akàmà parivatthabbaü.
Parivutthaparivàsena bhikkhunà uttarichàrattaü bhikkhumànattàya
pañipajjitabbaü. Ciõõamànatto bhikkhu: yattha siyà vãsatigaõo
bhikkhusaïgho, tattha so bhikkhu abbhetabbo. Ekena pi ce åno vãsatigaõo
bhikkhusaïgho taü bhikkhuü abbheyya, so ca bhikkhu anabbhito, te ca
bhikkhå gàrayhà. Ayaü tattha sàmãci.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Saïghàdiseso niññhito
(Aniyatuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 484] [\x 484/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto dve aniyatà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 486] [\x 486/]
Aniy 1: Pañhama-aniyatasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu màtugàmena saddhiü eko
ekàya raho pañicchanne àsane alaïkammaniye nisajjaü kappeyya. Tam-enaü
saddheyyavacasà upàsikà disvà tiõõaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena vadeyya:
pàràjikena và saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Nisajjaü bhikkhu
pañijànamàno tiõõaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena kàretabbo: pàràjikena và
saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Yena và sà saddheyyavacasà upàsikà
vadeyya, tena so bhikkhu kàretabbo. Ayaü dhammo aniyato.
[BJT Vol I, Page 492] [\x 492/]
Aniy 2: Dutiya-aniyatasikkhàpadaü:
Na heva kho pana pañicchannaü àsanaü
hoti nàlaïkammaniyaü. Ala¤-ca kho hoti màtugàmaü duññhullàhi vàcàhi
obhàsituü. Yo pana bhikkhu tathàråpe àsane màtugàmena saddhiü eko ekàya
raho nisajjaü kappeyya. Tam-enaü saddheyyavacasà upàsikà disvà dvinnaü
dhammànaü a¤¤atarena vadeyya saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Nisajjaü
bhikkhu pañijànamàno dvinnaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena kàretabbo
saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Yena và sà saddheyyavacasà upàsikà
vadeyya, tena so bhikkhu kàretabbo. Ayam-pi dhammo aniyato.
[BJT Vol I, Page 496] [\x 496/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto dve aniyatà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Aniyato niññhito
(Nissaggiyapàcittiyà)
[BJT Vol I, Page 498] [\x 498/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto tiüsa nissaggiyà pàcittiyà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 500] [\x 500/]
NP 1: Pañhamakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, dasàhaparamaü atirekacãvaraü dhàretabbaü. Taü
atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 504] [\x 504/]
NP 2: Dutiyakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, ekarattam-pi ce bhikkhu ticãvarena vippavaseyya,
a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 512] [\x 512/]
NP 3: Tatiyakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, bhikkhuno paneva akàlacãvaraü uppajjeyya.
âkaïkhamànena bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbaü, pañiggahetvà khippam-eva
kàretabbaü. No cassa pàripåri, màsaparamaü tena bhikkhunà taü cãvaraü
nikkhipitabbaü ånassa pàripåriyà, satiyà paccàsàya. Tato ce uttariü
nikkhipeyya, satiyà pi paccàsàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 518] [\x 518/]
NP 4: Puràõacãvarasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà puràõacãvaraü dhovàpeyya và rajàpeyya và àkoñàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 524] [\x 524/]
NP 5: Cãvarapañiggahaõasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà hatthato cãvaraü pañiggaõheyya, a¤¤atra pàrivaññakà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 530] [\x 530/]
NP 6: A¤¤àtakavi¤¤attisikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtakaü gahapatiü và gahapatàniü và cãvaraü vi¤¤àpeyya, a¤¤atra samayà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Tatthàyaü samayo: acchinnacãvaro và hoti bhikkhu naññhacãvaro và - ayaü tattha samayo.
[BJT Vol I, Page 534] [\x 534/]
NP 7: Tatuttarisikkhàpadaü:
Ta¤-ce
a¤¤àtako gahapati và gahapatànã và bahåhi cãvarehi abhihaññhuü
pavàreyya, santaruttaraparamaü tena bhikkhunà tato cãvaraü sàditabbaü.
Tato ce uttariü 12 sàdiyeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 536] [\x 536/]
NP 8: Pañhama-upakkhañasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa a¤¤àtakassa gahapatissa và gahapatàniyà và cãvaracetàpannaü 13
upakkhañaü hoti: ßIminà cãvaracetàpannena cãvaraü cetàpetvà itthannàmaü
bhikkhuü cãvarena acchàdessàmãû-ti. Tatra ce so bhikkhu pubbe
appavàrito upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü àpajjeyya: ßSàdhu vata maü
àyasmà iminà cãvaracetàpannena evaråpaü và evaråpaü và cãvaraü cetàpetvà
acchàdehãû-ti. Kalyàõakamyataü upàdàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 542] [\x 542/]
NP 9: Dutiya-upakkhañasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa ubhinnaü
a¤¤àtakànaü gahapatãnaü và gahapatànãnaü và paccekacãvaracetàpannà
upakkhañà honti: ßImehi mayaü paccekacãvaracetàpannehi paccekacãvaràni
cetàpetvà itthannàmaü bhikkhuü cãvarehi acchàdessàmàû-ti. Tatra ce so
bhikkhu pubbe appavàrito upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü àpajjeyya: ßSàdhu
vata maü àyasmanto imehi paccekacãvaracetàpannehi evaråpaü và evaråpaü
và cãvaraü cetàpetvà acchàdetha ubho va santà ekenàû-ti. Kalyàõakamyataü
upàdàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 548] [\x 548/]
NP 10: Ràjasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü
paneva uddissa ràjà và ràjabhoggo và bràhmaõo và gahapatiko và dåtena
cãvaracetàpannaü pahiõeyya: ßIminà cãvaracetàpanena cãvaraü cetàpetvà
itthannàmaü bhikkhuü cãvarena acchàdehãû-ti. So ce dåto taü bhikkhuü
upasaïkamitvà evaü vadeyya: ßIdaü kho bhante àyasmantaü uddissa
cãvaracetàpannaü àbhataü, pañiggaõhàtu 14
àyasmà cãvaracetàpannanû-ti. Tena bhikkhunà so dåto evam-assa vacanãyo:
ßNa kho mayaü àvuso cãvaracetàpannaü pañiggaõhàma cãvara¤-ca kho mayaü
pañiggaõhàma kàlena kappiyanû-ti. So ce dåto taü bhikkhuü evaü vadeyya:
ßAtthi panàyasmato koci veyyàvacakaroû ti. ßCãvaratthikena bhikkhave
bhikkhunà veyyàvaccakaro niddisitabbo àràmiko và upàsako và: ßEso kho
àvuso bhikkhånaü veyyàvaccakaroû ti. So ce dåto taü veyyàvaccakaraü
sa¤¤àpetvà taü bhikkhuü upasaïkamitvà evaü vadeyya: ßYaü kho bhante
àyasmà veyyàvaccakaraü niddisi, sa¤¤atto so mayà. Upasaïkamatu àyasmà
kàlena, cãvarena taü acchàdessatãû-ti. Cãvaratthikena bhikkhave
bhikkhunà veyyàvaccakaro upasaïkamitvà dvattikkhattuü codetabbo
sàretabbo: ßAttho me àvuso cãvarenàû-ti. Dvattikkhattuü codayamàno
sàrayamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya, iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
abhinipphàdeyya, catukkhattuü pa¤cakkhattuü chakkhattuü paramaü
tuõhãbhåtena uddissa ñhàtabbaü. Catukkhattuü pa¤cakkhattuü chakkhattuü
paramaü tuõhãbhåto uddissa tiññhamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya,
iccetaü kusalaü. Tato ce uttariü vàyamamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
No ce abhinipphàdeyya, yatassa cãvaracetàpannaü àbhataü tattha sàmaü
và gantabbaü dåto và pàhetabbo: ßYaü kho tumhe àyasmanto bhikkhuü
uddissa cãvaracetàpannaü pahiõittha, na taü tassa bhikkhuno ki¤ci atthaü
anubhoti, yu¤jantàyasmanto sakaü, mà vo sakaü vinassàû-ti. Ayaü tattha
sàmãci.
Cãvaravaggo pañhamo
[BJT Vol I, Page 554] [\x 554/]
NP 11: Kosiyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu Kosiyamissakaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü 15 pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 556] [\x 556/]
NP 12: Suddhakàëakasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 560] [\x 560/]
NP 13: Dvebhàgasikkhàpadaü:
Navaü pana bhikkhunà santhataü
kàrayamànena dve bhàgà suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü àdàtabbà, tatiyaü
odàtànaü catutthaü gocariyànaü. Anàdà ce bhikkhu dve bhàge
suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü tatiyaü odàtànaü catutthaü gocariyànaü
navaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 564] [\x 564/]
NP 14: Chabbassisikkhàpadaü:
Navaü pana bhikkhunà santhataü
kàràpetvà chabbassàni dhàretabbaü. Orena ce channaü vassànaü taü
santhataü vissajjetvà và avissajjetvà và a¤¤aü navaü santhataü
kàràpeyya, a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 570] [\x 570/]
NP 15: Nisãdanasanthatasikkhàpadaü:
Nisãdanasanthataü pana bhikkhunà
kàrayamànena puràõasanthatassa sàmantà Sugatavidatthã àdàtabbà
dubbaõõakaraõàya, ànàda ce bhikkhu puràõasanthatassa sàmantà
Sugatavidatthiü navaü nisãdanasanthataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü
pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 572] [\x 572/]
NP 16: Eëakalomasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuno paneva
addhànamaggappañipannassa eëakalomàni uppajjeyyuü. âkaïkhamànena
bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbàni. Pañiggahetvà tiyojanaparamaü sahatthà
haritabbàni, asante hàrake. Tato ce uttariü hareyya asante pi hàrake,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 576] [\x 576/]
NP 17: Eëakalomadhovàpanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà eëakalomàni dhovàpeyya và rajàpeyya và vijañàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 580] [\x 580/]
NP 18: Råpiyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jàtaråparajataü uggaõheyya và uggaõhàpeyya và upanikkhittaü và sàdiyeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 584] [\x 584/]
NP 19: Råpiyasaüvohàrasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu nànappakàrakaü råpiyasaüvohàraü samàpajjeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 590] [\x 590/]
NP 20: Kayavikkayasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu nànappakàrakaü kayavikkayaü samàpajjeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Kosiyavaggo dutiyo
[BJT Vol I, Page 594] [\x 594/]
NP 21: Pattasikkhàpadaü:
Dasàhaparamaü atirekapatto dhàretabbo. Taü atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 600] [\x 600/]
NP 22: ænapa¤cabandhanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu ånapa¤cabandhanena pattena a¤¤aü navaü pattaü cetàpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Tena bhikkhunà so patto bhikkhuparisàya nissajitabbo. Yo ca tassà
bhikkhuparisàya pattapariyanto, so tassa bhikkhuno padàtabbo: ßAyaü te
bhikkhu patto, yàva bhedanàya dhàretabboû ti. Ayaü tattha sàmãci.
[BJT Vol I, Page 610] [\x 610/]
NP 23: Bhesajjasikkhàpadaü:
Yàni kho pana tàni gilànànaü
bhikkhånaü pañisàyanãyàni bhesajjàni, seyyathãdaü: sappi, navanãtaü,
telaü, madhu, phàõitaü; tàni pañiggahetvà sattàhaparamaü sannidhikàrakaü
paribhu¤jitabbàni. Taü atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 614] [\x 614/]
NP 24: Vassikasàñikasikkhàpadaü:
ßMàso seso gimhànanû-ti: bhikkhunà
vassikasàñikacãvaraü pariyesitabbam. ßAddhamàso seso gimhànanû-ti: katvà
nivàsetabbaü. ßOrena ce màso seso gimhànanû-ti: vassikasàñikacãvaraü
pariyeseyya. ßOrenaddhamàso seso gimhànanû-ti: katvà nivàseyya,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 618] [\x 618/]
NP 25: Cãvara-acchindanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhussa sàmaü cãvaraü datvà kupito 16 anattamano acchindeyya và acchindàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 620] [\x 620/]
NP 26: Suttavi¤¤attisikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu sàmaü suttaü vi¤¤àpetvà tantavàyehi cãvaraü vàyàpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 624] [\x 624/]
NP 27: Mahàpesakàrasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa a¤¤àtako
gahapati và gahapatànã và tantavàyehi cãvaraü vàyàpeyya. Tatra ce so
bhikkhu pubbe appavàrito tantavàye upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü
àpajjeyya: ßIdaü kho àvuso cãvaraü maü uddissa viyyati àyata¤-ca
karotha, vitthata¤-ca, appita¤-ca, suvãta¤-ca, suppavàyita¤-ca,
suvilekhita¤-ca, suvitacchita¤-ca karotha; appeva nàma mayam-pi
àyasmantànaü ki¤cimattaü anupadajjeyyàmàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu vatvà
ki¤cimattaü anupadajjeyya antamaso piõóapàtamattam-pi, nissaggiyaü
pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 630] [\x 630/]
NP 28: Accekacãvarasikkhàpadaü:
Dasàhànàgataü kattikatemàsikapuõõamaü,
bhikkhuno paneva accekacãvaraü uppajjeyya, accekaü ma¤¤amànena
bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbaü. Pañiggahetvà yàva cãvarakàlasamayaü
nikkhipitabbaü. Tato ce uttariü nikkhipeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 634] [\x 634/]
NP 29: Sàsaïkhasikkhàpadaü:
Upavassaü kho pana kattikapuõõamaü
yàni kho pana tàni àra¤¤akàni senàsanàni sàsaïkasammatàni
sappañibhayàni, tathà råpesu bhikkhu senàsanesu viharanto àkaïkhamàno
tiõõaü cãvarànaü a¤¤ataraü cãvaraü antaraghare nikkhipeyya. Siyà ca
tassa bhikkhuno kocid-eva paccayo tena cãvarena vippavàsàya,
chàrattaparamaü tena bhikkhunà tena cãvarena vippavasitabbaü. Tato ce
uttariü vippavaseyya, a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 638] [\x 638/]
NP 30: Pariõatasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jànaü saïghikaü làbhaü pariõataü attano pariõàmeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Pattavaggo tatiyo
[BJT Vol I, Page 640] [\x 640/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto tiüsa nissaggiyà pàcittiyà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Nissaggiyapàcittiyà niññhità
Next Section
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi Home Page Word Index
End Notes
1
Editor’s note: It seems every tradition has its own way of introducing
the recital of the Pàtimokkha. Here only two of the simpler ways are
included. Either the âràdhanà & Okàsakammaü is recited; or the
Pubbakiccaü (but not both).
2 The bracketed headings for the various sections are supplied from the ChS edition of the Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi.
3 BJT note: Suõàtu me bhante saïgho, ajja uposatho paõõaraso - PTS
4 The following 5 lines are not in BJT.
5 BJT note: This reading is not seen in some books.
6 The Pàràjika rules in BJT are listed simply as Pañhama-, Dutiya-, Tatiya-, & Catutthapàràjikaü;
without further identification. Most of the other rules have mnenomic
titles usually connected with the wording of the rule, or the occasion
for it (but see the notes to the Pàñidesanãya & Sekhiya rules
below). The titles in brackets in this section are taken from the ChS
edition of the text.
7 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhikkhuhi here, elsewhere bhikkhåhi.
8 Editor’s note: BJT, Kaccãttha here, elsewhere kaccittha.
9 Editor’s note: BJT, Tuõhi here, elsewhere tuõhã.
10 Editor’s note: this is the end title in BJT, the heading simply reads Pañhamasaïghàdisesà, but all the rest of these training rules are given distinctive titles.
11 BJT note: Pañinissajjeyya - ChS.
12 BJT note: Uttari - ChS
13 BJT note: Cãvaracetàpanaü - Thai.
14 Editor’s note: BJT, patiggaõh- here, but pañigaõh- in NP5 above.
15 Editor’s note: BJT, Nissaggãyaü, printer’s error.
16 Editor’s note: BJT, Kåpito - printer’s error.
http://in-mg61.mail.yahoo.com/neo/launch?.rand=7bsiurgj4hi88#mail
By
Mark Prigg
PUBLISHED:
14:52 GMT, 3 May 2013
|
UPDATED:
16:57 GMT, 3 May 2013
A solar-powered plane that developers
hope to eventually pilot around the world has taken off from San
Francisco Bay on the first leg of an attempt to fly across the United
States with no fuel but the sun’s energy.
The
spindly looking plane, dubbed the Solar Impulse, departed shortly after
6 a.m. local time from Moffett Field, a joint civil-military airport
near the south end of San Francisco, heading first to Phoenix on a
slow-speed flight expected to take 19 hours.
Scroll down for video
The Solar Impulse plane, piloted by Bertrand
Piccard of Switzerland, takes off from Moffett Airfield in Mountain
View, California as it attempts to fly across the United States
We’re off! The radical plane leaves the ground
on a multi-city trip across the United States It will stop for seven to
10 days at major airports in each city
The Solar Impulse is heading first to Phoenix on a slow-speed flight expected to take 19 hours
HOW IT WORKS
The aircraft runs on about the same
power as a motor scooter, propelled by energy collected from 12,000
solar cells built into the wings that simultaneously recharge batteries
with a storage capacity equivalent to a Tesla electric car.
This means the Solar Impulse can fly after dark on solar energy
generated during daylight hours, and will become the first solar-powered
aircraft capable of operating day and night without fuel to attempt a
U.S. coast-to-coast flight.
After additional stops in Dallas, St.
Louis and Washington, D.C., with pauses at each destination to wait for
favorable weather, the flight team hopes to conclude the plane’s
cross-country voyage in about two months at John F. Kennedy
International Airport in New York.
Swiss pilots and co-founders
of the project, Bertrand Piccard and Andre Borschberg, will take turns
flying the plane, built with a single-seat cockpit, with Piccard at the
controls for the first flight to Arizona. He is scheduled to land in
Phoenix at 1 a.m. local time on Saturday.
The
project began in 2003 with a 10-year budget of 90 million euros ($112
million) and has involved engineers from Swiss escalator maker Schindler
and research aid from Belgian chemicals group Solvay - backers who want
to test new materials and technologies while also gaining brand
recognition.
Project organizers say the journey is also intended to boost worldwide support for the adoption of clean-energy technologies.
With the wingspan of a jumbo jet and
weighing the same as a small car, the Solar Impulse is a test model for a
more advanced aircraft the team plans to build to circumnavigate the
globe in 2015.
The plane made its first intercontinental flight, from Spain to Morocco, last June.
The Solar Impulse pilot Bertrand Piccard, left, enters the cockpit before taking off
Pilots Bertrand Piccard, right, and Andre Borschberg, left shake hands before the Solar Impulse plane takes off
Pilot Bertrand Piccard gives a thumbs up before taking off in the Solar Impulse solar electric airplane at Moffett Field
உங்கள் வாகனத்துக்கு பெட்ரோல் நிரப்பப் போகிறீர்களா? படியுங்கள்!
உங்கள் வாகனத்துக்கு பெட்ரோல் நிரப்பும் முன் இந்தத் தகவல்களைப் படியுங்கள், சிந்தியுங்கள், செயல்படுங்கள்!
எல்லா
பெட்ரோல் பம்புகளும் தங்கள் சேமிப்புத் தொட்டிகளை நிலத்துக்கு அடியில்
பதித்து வைத்திருக்கின்றன. நிலத்தின் வெப்பநிலை குளிர்ச்சியாக இருக்கும்
போதே எரிபொருள் அடர்த்தியுடன் இருக்கும்.
வெப்பநிலை
அதிகரிக்கும்போது, பெட்ரோல் விரிவடையும். எனவே, மதியம், மாலையில் நீங்கள்
ஒரு லிட்டர் பெட்ரோல் வாங்கினால், அது மிகச்சரியாக ஒரு லிட்டர் இருக்காது.
எனவே, நிலத்தின் வெப்பநிலை குளிர்ச்சியாக இருக்கும் அதிகாலை நேரங்களில்
வாகனத்துக்கு பெட்ரோல் நிரப்புங்கள்.
பெட்ரோல்
வணிகத்தில் வெப்ப அளவும், அடர்த்தியும் மிக முக்கியமானவை. பெட்ரோல் ஒரு
டிகிரி அதிக வெப்பநிலையில் இருந்தால் அது மிகப் பெரிய மாற்றம். ஆனால்
பெட்ரோல் பங்கில் இதுபோன்ற கட்டுப்பாடுகள் பார்க்கப்படுவதில்லை.
அதேபோல
உங்கள் வாகனத்தின் பெட்ரோல் தொட்டியை எப்பொழுதும் முழுமையாக
நிரப்பாதீர்கள். அதனால் உங்களுக்கு நஷ்டமே ஏற்படும். பாதி மட்டுமே
நிரப்புங்கள். அதிக எரிபொருள் இருந்தால், அந்தத் தொட்டியில் காற்று
குறைவாகவே இருக்கும்.
நாம்
நினைப்பதைவிட வேகமாக பெட்ரோல் ஆவியாகக் கூடியது. பங்கின் பெட்ரோல்
சேமிப்புத் தொட்டிகளில் மிதக்கும் கூரைகள் இருக்கும். இதன் காரணமாக உள்ளே
பெட்ரோலுக்கும் காற்றுமண்டலத்துக்கும் இடையே இடைவெளி இருக்காது. எனவே,
ஆவியாதல் குறையும். வாகன பெட்ரோல் தொட்டியில் பாதி நிரப்பினால், பெட்ரோல்
ஆவியாவதை ஓரளவு குறைக்க முடியும்.
அதேபோல
நீங்கள் பெட்ரோல் நிரப்பப் போகும் போது தான், அந்த பங்கில் லாரியில்
இருந்து பெட்ரோல் இறக்கப்படுகிறது என்றால், அப்போது வாகனத்துக்கு பெட்ரோல்
நிரப்பாதீர்கள். கிடங்கின் அடியில் தேங்கியிருந்த கசடுகள் அப்போது கலங்கி
இருக்கும். இது எஞ்சினை பாதிக்கும்.
ரஜினிகாந்த் ஜோக்ஸ்
நியூட்டன் மீது விழுந்த ஆப்பிளை எறிந்ததே ரஜினி தான்.
ரஜினிகாந்த் இன்று சுடப்பட்டார்… நாளை குண்டுக்கு இறுதிச் சடங்கு
பாகிஸ்தானில் இருந்த தீவிரவாதியை ரஜினிகாந்த் ப்ளூடூத் மூலம் கொன்றார்.
காம்பஸை வைத்து ரஜினி நேர் கோடு வரைவார்.
ரஜினியின் நாடித்துடிப்பை ரிக்டர் அளவுகோலை வைத்து கணக்கிடுவார்கள்.
இந்திய ரூபாயின் அடையாளமான ஆர் ரஜினிகாந்த் பெயரின் முதல் எழுத்து
ரஜினி வீட்டில் மேடம் டுசாட்டின் மெழுகுச் சிலை உள்ளது.
ரஜினிகாந்த் இஸ் த சீக்ரட் ஆஃப் பூஸ்ட்’ஸ் எனர்ஜி
காம்ப்ளான் இஸ் எ ரஜினிகாந்த் பாய்.
100 மீ ஓட்டப்பந்தயத்தில் கலந்து கொண்டு ரஜினி முதலாவதாக வந்தார். ஆனால் ஒளி இரண்டாவதாக வந்ததைப் பார்த்து ஐன்ஸ்டீன் இறந்துவிட்டார்.
இன்டெல்லின் புதிய விளம்பரம்: “ரஜினிகாந்த் இன்சைட்”
அலெக்சாண்டர் கிரகாம் பெல் முதன்முதலாக தொலைபேசியை பயன்படுத்தியபோது அதற்கு ஏற்கனவே ரஜினி 2 மிஸ்ட் கால் கொடுத்ததை கண்டுபிடித்தார்.
மேக்னடிக் காம்பஸ் ஏன் எப்பொழுதும் வடக்கையே காட்டுகிறது? ஏனென்றால்
ரஜினி தெற்கில் வாழ்கிறார். அவரைப் பார்த்து கை காட்ட யாருக்கும் தைரியம்
இல்லை.
பூனேவில் இருந்து மும்பைக்கு அனுப்பப்பட்ட இமெயிலை லோனாவாலாவில் நிறுத்திவிட்டார் ரஜினிகாந்த்.
ரஜினி 5 மொழிகளில் விசில் அடிப்பார்.
மோனோலிசா ஓவியம் ஏன் சிரிக்கிறது என்பது ரஜினிக்கு மட்டும் தான் தெரியும்.
தனது காதலி செய்த தவறை ஒப்புக்கொள்ள வைக்க ரஜினியால் மட்டுமே முடியும்.
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வினயபிடக
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@ 7:44 am
922 LESSON 17-05-2013 FRIDAY-FREE ONLINE eNālāndā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY
Cullavagga
Parivara
Patimokkha
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1
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Patimokkha
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Pali
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English
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Sinhala
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MISUSE OF EVM _ PART - 6
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/a/small-business-ideas.htm
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/qt/Proofreading-Small-Business-Idea.htm
Proofreading Small Business Idea
The Pros and Cons of Starting a Proofreading Business
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1a: âràdhanà 1
(Spoken by the senior monk)
Pubbakaraõapubbakiccàni samàpetvà imissa nisinnassa bhikkhusaïghassa anumatiyà Pàtimokkhaü uddesituü ajjhesanaü karomi.
1b: Okàsakammaü
(Spoken by the recitor)
Okàsa me bhante thero dethu Vinayakathaü kathetuü.
2: Pubbakiccaü
(Spoken by the recitor)
Sammajjanã padãpo ca ~ udakaü àsanena ca
uposathassa etàni ~ pubbakaraõan-ti vuccati.
Chandapàrisuddhi-utukkhànaü bhikkhugaõanà ca ovàdo
uposathassa etàni pubbakiccan-ti vuccati.
Uposatho yàvatikà ca bhikkhå
kammapattà sabhàgàpattiyo
na vijjanti vajjanãyà ca puggalà
tasmiü na honti pattakallan-ti vuccati.
Pubbakaraõapubbakiccàni samàpetvà desitàppikassa samaggassa bhikkhusaïghassa anumatiyà pàtimokkhaü uddisitum-àràdhanaü karoma.
[BJT Vol 3, Page 250] [\x 250/]
(Nidànuddeso) 2
Suõàtu me bhante saïgha, yadi saïghassa3
pattakallaü, saïgho uposathaü kareyya pàtimokkhaü uddiseyya. Kiü
saïghassa pubbakiccaü? Pàrisuddhiü àyasmanto àrocetha Pàtimokkhaü
uddisissàmi. Taü sabbeva santà sàdhukaü suõoma manasikaroma.
Yassa siyà àpatti, so àvãkareyya. Asantiyà àpattiyà, tuõhã
bhavitabbaü. Tuõhã bhàvena kho panàyasmante parisuddhà-ti vedissàmi.
Yathà kho pana paccekapuññhassa veyyàkaraõaü hoti, evam-evaü evaråpàya
parisàya yàvatatiyaü anusàvitaü hoti. Yo pana bhikkhu yàvatatiyaü
anusàviyamàne saramàno santiü àpattiü nàvãkareyya, sampajànamusàvàdassa
hoti. Sampajànamusàvàdo kho panàyasmanto antaràyiko dhammo vutto
Bhagavatà. Tasmà saramànena bhikkhunà àpannena visuddhàpekkhena santã
àpatti àvãkàtabbà. âvãkatà hissa phàsu hoti.
Nidànaü niññhitaü
(Pàràjikuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 028] [\x 028/]
Tatrime cattàro pàràjikà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti. 5
[BJT Vol I, Page 056] [\x 056/]
Pàr 1: (Methunadhammasikkhàpadaü 6):
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhånaü
sikkhàsàjãvasamàpanno sikkhaü apaccakkhàya dubbalyaü anàvãkatvà methunaü
dhammaü pañiseveyya, antamaso tiracchànagatàya pi - pàràjiko hoti,
asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 104] [\x 104/]
Pàr 2: (Adinnàdànasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu gàmà và ara¤¤à và
adinnaü theyyasankhàtaü àdiyeyya. Yathàråpe adinnàdàne ràjàno coraü
gahetvà haneyyuü và bandheyyuü và pabbàjeyyuü và: ßCorosi, bàlosi,
måëhosi, thenosã-ti!û. Tathàråpaü bhikkhu adinnaü àdiyamàno - ayam-pi
pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 160] [\x 160/]
Pàr 3: (Manussaviggahasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu sa¤cicca
manussaviggahaü jãvità voropeyya, satthahàrakaü vàssa pariyeseyya,
maraõavaõõaü và saüvaõõeyya, maraõàya và samàdapeyya: ßAmbho purisa kiü
tuyhiminà pàpakena dujjãvitena? Matante jãvità seyyo ti!û Iti cittamano
cittasaïkappo anekapariyàyena maraõavaõõaü và saüvaõõeyya, maraõàya và
samàdapeyya - ayam-pi pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 200] [\x 200/]
Pàr 4: (Uttarimanussadhammasikkhàpadaü):
Yo pana bhikkhu anabhijànaü
uttarimanussadhammaü attåpanàyikaü alam-ariya¤àõadassanaü samudàcareyya:
ßIti jànàmi, iti passàmã-ti!û Tato aparena samayena samanuggàhiyamàno
và asamanuggàhiyamàno và àpanno visuddhàpekkho evaü vadeyya:
ßAjànam-evàhaü àvuso avacaü: jànàmi; apassaü: passàmi; tucchaü musà
vilapin-tiû, a¤¤atra adhimànà - ayam-pi pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 254] [\x 254/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto cattàro pàràjikà dhammà. Yesaü bhikkhu a¤¤ataraü và a¤¤ataraü và àpajjitvà na labhati bhikkhåhi 7 saddhiü saüvàsaü. Yathà pure, tathà pacchà, pàràjiko hoti, asaüvàso.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha 8 parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, 9 evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Pàràjikaü niññhitaü
(Saïghàdisesuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 256] [\x 256/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto terasa saïghàdisesà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 260] [\x 260/]
Sd 1: Sukkavisaññhisikkhàpadaü: 10
Sa¤cetanikà sukkavisaññhi, a¤¤atra supinantà, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 294] [\x 294/]
Sd 2: Kàyasaüsaggasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmena saddhiü kàyasaüsaggaü samàpajjeyya, hatthagàhaü và
veõigàhaü và a¤¤atarassa và a¤¤atarassa và aïgassa paràmasanaü,
saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 320] [\x 320/]
Sd 3: Duññhullavàcàsikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmaü duññhullàhi vàcàhi obhàseyya. Yathà taü yuvà yuvatiü
methunåpasaühitàhi, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 332] [\x 332/]
Sd 4: Antakàmapàricariyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu otiõõo vipariõatena
cittena màtugàmassa santike attakàmapàricariyàya vaõõaü bhàseyya:
ßEtad-aggaü bhagini pàricariyànaü yà màdisaü sãlavantaü kalyàõadhammaü
brahmacàriü etena dhammena paricareyyàû-ti, methunåpasaühitena,
saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 344] [\x 344/]
Sd 5: Sa¤carittasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu sa¤carittaü
samàpajjeyya, itthiyà và purisamatiü, purisassa và itthimatiü, jàyattane
và jàrattane và, antamaso taïkhaõikàya pi, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 382] [\x 382/]
Sd 6: Kuñikàrasikkhàpadaü:
Sa¤¤àcikàya pana bhikkhunà kuñiü
kàrayamànena assàmikaü attuddesaü pamàõikà kàretabbà. Tatridaü pamàõaü:
dãghaso dvàdasa vidatthiyo Sugatavidatthiyà tiriyaü sattantarà. Bhikkhå
abhinetabbà vatthudesanàya, tehi bhikkhåhi vatthuü desetabbaü anàrambhaü
saparikkamanaü. Sàrambhe ce bhikkhu vatthusmiü aparikkamane sa¤¤àcikàya
kuñiü kàreyya, bhikkhå và anabhineyya vatthudesanàya, pamàõaü và
atikkàmeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 406] [\x 406/]
Sd 7: Vihàrakàrasikkhàpadaü:
Mahallakaü pana bhikkhunà vihàraü
kàrayamànena sassàmikaü attuddesaü bhikkhå abhinetabbà vatthudesanàya.
Tehi bhikkhåhi vatthuü desetabbaü anàrambhaü saparikkamanaü. Sàrambhe ce
bhikkhu vatthusmiü aparikkamane mahallakaü vihàraü kàreyya, bhikkhå và
anabhineyya vatthudesanàya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 424] [\x 424/]
Sd 8: Pañhamaduññhadosasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü duññho doso
appatãto amålakena pàràjikena dhammena anuddhaüseyya: ßAppeva nàma naü
imamhà brahmacariyà càveyyan-ti.û. Tato aparena samayena
samanuggàhiyamàno và asamanuggàhiyamàno và, amålaka¤-ceva taü
adhikaraõaü hoti, bhikkhu ca dosaü patiññhàti, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 436] [\x 436/]
Sd 9: Dutiyaduññhadosasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuü duññho doso
appatãto a¤¤abhàgiyassa adhikaraõassa ki¤ci desaü lesamattaü upàdàya
pàràjikena dhammena anuddhaüseyya: ßAppeva nàma naü imamhà brahmacariyà
càveyyan-ti.û Tato aparena samayena samanuggàhiyamàno và
asamanuggàhiyamàno và, a¤¤abhàgiya¤-ceva taü adhikaraõaü hoti, koci deso
lesamatto upàdinno, bhikkhu ca dosaü patiññhàti, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 452] [\x 452/]
Sd 10: Pañhamasaïghabhedasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana
bhikkhu samaggassa saïghassa bhedàya parakkameyya bhedanasaüvattanikaü
và adhikaraõaü samàdàya paggayha tiññheyya. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
evam-assa vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà samaggassa saïghassa bhedàya parakkami
bhedanasaüvattanikaü và adhikaraõaü samàdàya paggayha aññhàsi.
Sametàyasmà saïghena, samaggo hi saïgho sammodamàno avivadamàno ekuddeso
phàsu viharatãû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi vuccamàno tatheva
paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbo tassa
pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce samanubhàsiyamàno taü pañinissajeyya, 11 iccetaü kusalaü. No ce pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 456] [\x 456/]
Sd 11: Dutiyasaïghabhedasikkhàpadaü:
Tasseva kho pana bhikkhussa bhikkhå
honti anuvattakà vaggavàdakà, eko và dve và tayo và, te evaü vadeyyuü:
ßMà àyasmanto etaü bhikkhuü ki¤ci avacuttha, dhammavàdã ceso bhikkhu,
vinayavàdã ceso bhikkhu, amhàka¤-ceso bhikkhu; chanda¤-ca, ruci¤-ca
àdàya voharati, jànàti no bhàsati, amhàkam-petaü khamatãû-ti. Te bhikkhå
bhikkhåhi evam-assu vacanãyà: ßMà àyasmanto evaü avacuttha. Na ceso
bhikkhu dhammavàdã, na ceso bhikkhu vinayavàdã. Mà àyasmantànam-pi
saïghabhedo ruccittha. Sametàyasmantànaü saïghena, samaggo hi saïgho
sammodamàno avivadamàno ekuddeso phàsu viharatãû-ti. Eva¤-ca te bhikkhå
bhikkhåhi vuccamànà tatheva paggaõheyyuü, te bhikkhå bhikkhåhi
yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbà tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce
samanubhàsiyamànà taü pañinissajeyyuü, iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
pañinissajeyyuü, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 462] [\x 462/]
Sd 12: Dubbacasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhu paneva dubbacajàtiko hoti.
Uddesapariyàpannesu sikkhàpadesu bhikkhåhi sahadhammikaü vuccamàno
attànaü avacanãyaü karoti: ßMà maü àyasmanto ki¤ci avacuttha, kalyàõaü
và pàpakaü và. Aham-pàyasmante na ki¤ci vakkhàmi, kalyàõaü và pàpakaü
và. Viramathàyasmanto mama vacanàyàû-ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa
vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà attànaü avacanãyaü akàsi. Vacanãyam-evàyasmà
attànaü karotu. âyasmà pi bhikkhå vadetu sahadhammena, bhikkhå pi
àyasmantaü vakkhanti sahadhammena. Evaü saüvaddhà hi tassa Bhagavato
parisà, yadidaü a¤¤am-a¤¤avacanena a¤¤am-a¤¤avuññhàpanenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca
so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi vuccamàno tatheva paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
yàvatatiyaü samanubhàsitabbo tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce
samanubhàsiyamàno taü pañinissajeyya iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 476] [\x 476/]
Sd 13: Kuladåsakasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhu paneva a¤¤ataraü gàmaü và
nigamaü và upanissàya viharati kuladåsako pàpasamàcàro. Tassa kho pàpakà
samàcàrà dissanti ceva suyyanti ca. Kulàni ca tena duññhàni dissanti
ceva suyyanti ca. So bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa vacanãyo: ßâyasmà kho
kuladåsako pàpasamàcàro. âyasmato kho pàpakà samàcàrà dissanti ceva
suyyanti ca. Kulàni càyasmatà duññhàni dissanti ceva suyyanti ca.
Pakkamatàyasmà imamhà àvàsà. Alan-te idha vàsenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu
bhikkhåhi vuccamàno te bhikkhå evaü vadeyya: ßChandagàmino ca bhikkhå,
dosagàmino ca bhikkhå, mohagàmino ca bhikkhå, bhayagàmino ca bhikkhå.
Tàdisikàya àpattiyà ekaccaü pabbàjenti, ekaccaü na pabbàjentãû-ti. So
bhikkhu bhikkhåhi evam-assa vacanãyo: ßMà àyasmà evaü avaca, na ca
bhikkhå chandagàmino, na ca bhikkhå dosagàmino, na ca bhikkhå
mohagàmino, na ca bhikkhå bhayagàmino. âyasmà kho kuladåsako
pàpasamàcàro. âyasmato kho pàpakà samàcàrà dissanti ceva suyyanti ca.
Kulàni càyasmatà duññhàni dissanti ceva suyyanti ca. Pakkamatàyasmà
imamhà àvàsà. Alan-te idha vàsenàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi
vuccamàno tatheva paggaõheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhåhi yàvatatiyaü
samanubhàsitabbo tassa pañinissaggàya. Yàvatatiya¤-ce samanubhàsiyamàno
taü pañinissajeyya iccetaü kusalaü. No ce pañinissajeyya, saïghàdiseso.
[BJT Vol I, Page 482] [\x 482/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto terasa
saïghàdisesà dhammà, nava pañhamàpattikà cattàro yàvatatiyakà. Yesaü
bhikkhu a¤¤ataraü và a¤¤ataraü và àpajjitvà, yàvatihaü jànaü
pañicchàdeti, tàvatihaü tena bhikkhunà akàmà parivatthabbaü.
Parivutthaparivàsena bhikkhunà uttarichàrattaü bhikkhumànattàya
pañipajjitabbaü. Ciõõamànatto bhikkhu: yattha siyà vãsatigaõo
bhikkhusaïgho, tattha so bhikkhu abbhetabbo. Ekena pi ce åno vãsatigaõo
bhikkhusaïgho taü bhikkhuü abbheyya, so ca bhikkhu anabbhito, te ca
bhikkhå gàrayhà. Ayaü tattha sàmãci.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Saïghàdiseso niññhito
(Aniyatuddeso)
[BJT Vol I, Page 484] [\x 484/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto dve aniyatà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 486] [\x 486/]
Aniy 1: Pañhama-aniyatasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu màtugàmena saddhiü eko
ekàya raho pañicchanne àsane alaïkammaniye nisajjaü kappeyya. Tam-enaü
saddheyyavacasà upàsikà disvà tiõõaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena vadeyya:
pàràjikena và saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Nisajjaü bhikkhu
pañijànamàno tiõõaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena kàretabbo: pàràjikena và
saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Yena và sà saddheyyavacasà upàsikà
vadeyya, tena so bhikkhu kàretabbo. Ayaü dhammo aniyato.
[BJT Vol I, Page 492] [\x 492/]
Aniy 2: Dutiya-aniyatasikkhàpadaü:
Na heva kho pana pañicchannaü àsanaü
hoti nàlaïkammaniyaü. Ala¤-ca kho hoti màtugàmaü duññhullàhi vàcàhi
obhàsituü. Yo pana bhikkhu tathàråpe àsane màtugàmena saddhiü eko ekàya
raho nisajjaü kappeyya. Tam-enaü saddheyyavacasà upàsikà disvà dvinnaü
dhammànaü a¤¤atarena vadeyya saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Nisajjaü
bhikkhu pañijànamàno dvinnaü dhammànaü a¤¤atarena kàretabbo
saïghàdisesena và pàcittiyena và. Yena và sà saddheyyavacasà upàsikà
vadeyya, tena so bhikkhu kàretabbo. Ayam-pi dhammo aniyato.
[BJT Vol I, Page 496] [\x 496/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto dve aniyatà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Aniyato niññhito
(Nissaggiyapàcittiyà)
[BJT Vol I, Page 498] [\x 498/]
Ime kho panàyasmanto tiüsa nissaggiyà pàcittiyà dhammà uddesaü àgacchanti.
[BJT Vol I, Page 500] [\x 500/]
NP 1: Pañhamakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, dasàhaparamaü atirekacãvaraü dhàretabbaü. Taü
atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 504] [\x 504/]
NP 2: Dutiyakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, ekarattam-pi ce bhikkhu ticãvarena vippavaseyya,
a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 512] [\x 512/]
NP 3: Tatiyakañhinasikkhàpadaü:
Niññhitacãvarasmiü bhikkhunà
ubbhatasmiü kañhine, bhikkhuno paneva akàlacãvaraü uppajjeyya.
âkaïkhamànena bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbaü, pañiggahetvà khippam-eva
kàretabbaü. No cassa pàripåri, màsaparamaü tena bhikkhunà taü cãvaraü
nikkhipitabbaü ånassa pàripåriyà, satiyà paccàsàya. Tato ce uttariü
nikkhipeyya, satiyà pi paccàsàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 518] [\x 518/]
NP 4: Puràõacãvarasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà puràõacãvaraü dhovàpeyya và rajàpeyya và àkoñàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 524] [\x 524/]
NP 5: Cãvarapañiggahaõasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà hatthato cãvaraü pañiggaõheyya, a¤¤atra pàrivaññakà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 530] [\x 530/]
NP 6: A¤¤àtakavi¤¤attisikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtakaü gahapatiü và gahapatàniü và cãvaraü vi¤¤àpeyya, a¤¤atra samayà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Tatthàyaü samayo: acchinnacãvaro và hoti bhikkhu naññhacãvaro và - ayaü tattha samayo.
[BJT Vol I, Page 534] [\x 534/]
NP 7: Tatuttarisikkhàpadaü:
Ta¤-ce
a¤¤àtako gahapati và gahapatànã và bahåhi cãvarehi abhihaññhuü
pavàreyya, santaruttaraparamaü tena bhikkhunà tato cãvaraü sàditabbaü.
Tato ce uttariü 12 sàdiyeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 536] [\x 536/]
NP 8: Pañhama-upakkhañasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa a¤¤àtakassa gahapatissa và gahapatàniyà và cãvaracetàpannaü 13
upakkhañaü hoti: ßIminà cãvaracetàpannena cãvaraü cetàpetvà itthannàmaü
bhikkhuü cãvarena acchàdessàmãû-ti. Tatra ce so bhikkhu pubbe
appavàrito upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü àpajjeyya: ßSàdhu vata maü
àyasmà iminà cãvaracetàpannena evaråpaü và evaråpaü và cãvaraü cetàpetvà
acchàdehãû-ti. Kalyàõakamyataü upàdàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 542] [\x 542/]
NP 9: Dutiya-upakkhañasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa ubhinnaü
a¤¤àtakànaü gahapatãnaü và gahapatànãnaü và paccekacãvaracetàpannà
upakkhañà honti: ßImehi mayaü paccekacãvaracetàpannehi paccekacãvaràni
cetàpetvà itthannàmaü bhikkhuü cãvarehi acchàdessàmàû-ti. Tatra ce so
bhikkhu pubbe appavàrito upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü àpajjeyya: ßSàdhu
vata maü àyasmanto imehi paccekacãvaracetàpannehi evaråpaü và evaråpaü
và cãvaraü cetàpetvà acchàdetha ubho va santà ekenàû-ti. Kalyàõakamyataü
upàdàya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 548] [\x 548/]
NP 10: Ràjasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü
paneva uddissa ràjà và ràjabhoggo và bràhmaõo và gahapatiko và dåtena
cãvaracetàpannaü pahiõeyya: ßIminà cãvaracetàpanena cãvaraü cetàpetvà
itthannàmaü bhikkhuü cãvarena acchàdehãû-ti. So ce dåto taü bhikkhuü
upasaïkamitvà evaü vadeyya: ßIdaü kho bhante àyasmantaü uddissa
cãvaracetàpannaü àbhataü, pañiggaõhàtu 14
àyasmà cãvaracetàpannanû-ti. Tena bhikkhunà so dåto evam-assa vacanãyo:
ßNa kho mayaü àvuso cãvaracetàpannaü pañiggaõhàma cãvara¤-ca kho mayaü
pañiggaõhàma kàlena kappiyanû-ti. So ce dåto taü bhikkhuü evaü vadeyya:
ßAtthi panàyasmato koci veyyàvacakaroû ti. ßCãvaratthikena bhikkhave
bhikkhunà veyyàvaccakaro niddisitabbo àràmiko và upàsako và: ßEso kho
àvuso bhikkhånaü veyyàvaccakaroû ti. So ce dåto taü veyyàvaccakaraü
sa¤¤àpetvà taü bhikkhuü upasaïkamitvà evaü vadeyya: ßYaü kho bhante
àyasmà veyyàvaccakaraü niddisi, sa¤¤atto so mayà. Upasaïkamatu àyasmà
kàlena, cãvarena taü acchàdessatãû-ti. Cãvaratthikena bhikkhave
bhikkhunà veyyàvaccakaro upasaïkamitvà dvattikkhattuü codetabbo
sàretabbo: ßAttho me àvuso cãvarenàû-ti. Dvattikkhattuü codayamàno
sàrayamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya, iccetaü kusalaü. No ce
abhinipphàdeyya, catukkhattuü pa¤cakkhattuü chakkhattuü paramaü
tuõhãbhåtena uddissa ñhàtabbaü. Catukkhattuü pa¤cakkhattuü chakkhattuü
paramaü tuõhãbhåto uddissa tiññhamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya,
iccetaü kusalaü. Tato ce uttariü vàyamamàno taü cãvaraü abhinipphàdeyya,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
No ce abhinipphàdeyya, yatassa cãvaracetàpannaü àbhataü tattha sàmaü
và gantabbaü dåto và pàhetabbo: ßYaü kho tumhe àyasmanto bhikkhuü
uddissa cãvaracetàpannaü pahiõittha, na taü tassa bhikkhuno ki¤ci atthaü
anubhoti, yu¤jantàyasmanto sakaü, mà vo sakaü vinassàû-ti. Ayaü tattha
sàmãci.
Cãvaravaggo pañhamo
[BJT Vol I, Page 554] [\x 554/]
NP 11: Kosiyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu Kosiyamissakaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü 15 pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 556] [\x 556/]
NP 12: Suddhakàëakasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 560] [\x 560/]
NP 13: Dvebhàgasikkhàpadaü:
Navaü pana bhikkhunà santhataü
kàrayamànena dve bhàgà suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü àdàtabbà, tatiyaü
odàtànaü catutthaü gocariyànaü. Anàdà ce bhikkhu dve bhàge
suddhakàëakànaü eëakalomànaü tatiyaü odàtànaü catutthaü gocariyànaü
navaü santhataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 564] [\x 564/]
NP 14: Chabbassisikkhàpadaü:
Navaü pana bhikkhunà santhataü
kàràpetvà chabbassàni dhàretabbaü. Orena ce channaü vassànaü taü
santhataü vissajjetvà và avissajjetvà và a¤¤aü navaü santhataü
kàràpeyya, a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 570] [\x 570/]
NP 15: Nisãdanasanthatasikkhàpadaü:
Nisãdanasanthataü pana bhikkhunà
kàrayamànena puràõasanthatassa sàmantà Sugatavidatthã àdàtabbà
dubbaõõakaraõàya, ànàda ce bhikkhu puràõasanthatassa sàmantà
Sugatavidatthiü navaü nisãdanasanthataü kàràpeyya, nissaggiyaü
pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 572] [\x 572/]
NP 16: Eëakalomasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuno paneva
addhànamaggappañipannassa eëakalomàni uppajjeyyuü. âkaïkhamànena
bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbàni. Pañiggahetvà tiyojanaparamaü sahatthà
haritabbàni, asante hàrake. Tato ce uttariü hareyya asante pi hàrake,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 576] [\x 576/]
NP 17: Eëakalomadhovàpanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu a¤¤àtikàya bhikkhuniyà eëakalomàni dhovàpeyya và rajàpeyya và vijañàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 580] [\x 580/]
NP 18: Råpiyasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jàtaråparajataü uggaõheyya và uggaõhàpeyya và upanikkhittaü và sàdiyeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 584] [\x 584/]
NP 19: Råpiyasaüvohàrasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu nànappakàrakaü råpiyasaüvohàraü samàpajjeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 590] [\x 590/]
NP 20: Kayavikkayasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu nànappakàrakaü kayavikkayaü samàpajjeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Kosiyavaggo dutiyo
[BJT Vol I, Page 594] [\x 594/]
NP 21: Pattasikkhàpadaü:
Dasàhaparamaü atirekapatto dhàretabbo. Taü atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 600] [\x 600/]
NP 22: ænapa¤cabandhanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu ånapa¤cabandhanena pattena a¤¤aü navaü pattaü cetàpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Tena bhikkhunà so patto bhikkhuparisàya nissajitabbo. Yo ca tassà
bhikkhuparisàya pattapariyanto, so tassa bhikkhuno padàtabbo: ßAyaü te
bhikkhu patto, yàva bhedanàya dhàretabboû ti. Ayaü tattha sàmãci.
[BJT Vol I, Page 610] [\x 610/]
NP 23: Bhesajjasikkhàpadaü:
Yàni kho pana tàni gilànànaü
bhikkhånaü pañisàyanãyàni bhesajjàni, seyyathãdaü: sappi, navanãtaü,
telaü, madhu, phàõitaü; tàni pañiggahetvà sattàhaparamaü sannidhikàrakaü
paribhu¤jitabbàni. Taü atikkàmayato, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 614] [\x 614/]
NP 24: Vassikasàñikasikkhàpadaü:
ßMàso seso gimhànanû-ti: bhikkhunà
vassikasàñikacãvaraü pariyesitabbam. ßAddhamàso seso gimhànanû-ti: katvà
nivàsetabbaü. ßOrena ce màso seso gimhànanû-ti: vassikasàñikacãvaraü
pariyeseyya. ßOrenaddhamàso seso gimhànanû-ti: katvà nivàseyya,
nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 618] [\x 618/]
NP 25: Cãvara-acchindanasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhussa sàmaü cãvaraü datvà kupito 16 anattamano acchindeyya và acchindàpeyya và, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 620] [\x 620/]
NP 26: Suttavi¤¤attisikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu sàmaü suttaü vi¤¤àpetvà tantavàyehi cãvaraü vàyàpeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 624] [\x 624/]
NP 27: Mahàpesakàrasikkhàpadaü:
Bhikkhuü paneva uddissa a¤¤àtako
gahapati và gahapatànã và tantavàyehi cãvaraü vàyàpeyya. Tatra ce so
bhikkhu pubbe appavàrito tantavàye upasaïkamitvà cãvare vikappaü
àpajjeyya: ßIdaü kho àvuso cãvaraü maü uddissa viyyati àyata¤-ca
karotha, vitthata¤-ca, appita¤-ca, suvãta¤-ca, suppavàyita¤-ca,
suvilekhita¤-ca, suvitacchita¤-ca karotha; appeva nàma mayam-pi
àyasmantànaü ki¤cimattaü anupadajjeyyàmàû-ti. Eva¤-ca so bhikkhu vatvà
ki¤cimattaü anupadajjeyya antamaso piõóapàtamattam-pi, nissaggiyaü
pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 630] [\x 630/]
NP 28: Accekacãvarasikkhàpadaü:
Dasàhànàgataü kattikatemàsikapuõõamaü,
bhikkhuno paneva accekacãvaraü uppajjeyya, accekaü ma¤¤amànena
bhikkhunà pañiggahetabbaü. Pañiggahetvà yàva cãvarakàlasamayaü
nikkhipitabbaü. Tato ce uttariü nikkhipeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 634] [\x 634/]
NP 29: Sàsaïkhasikkhàpadaü:
Upavassaü kho pana kattikapuõõamaü
yàni kho pana tàni àra¤¤akàni senàsanàni sàsaïkasammatàni
sappañibhayàni, tathà råpesu bhikkhu senàsanesu viharanto àkaïkhamàno
tiõõaü cãvarànaü a¤¤ataraü cãvaraü antaraghare nikkhipeyya. Siyà ca
tassa bhikkhuno kocid-eva paccayo tena cãvarena vippavàsàya,
chàrattaparamaü tena bhikkhunà tena cãvarena vippavasitabbaü. Tato ce
uttariü vippavaseyya, a¤¤atra bhikkhusammutiyà, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
[BJT Vol I, Page 638] [\x 638/]
NP 30: Pariõatasikkhàpadaü:
Yo pana bhikkhu jànaü saïghikaü làbhaü pariõataü attano pariõàmeyya, nissaggiyaü pàcittiyaü.
Pattavaggo tatiyo
[BJT Vol I, Page 640] [\x 640/]
Uddiññhà kho àyasmanto tiüsa nissaggiyà pàcittiyà dhammà.
Tatthàyasmante pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Dutiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Tatiyam-pi pucchàmi: kaccittha parisuddhà?
Parisuddhetthàyasmanto, tasmà tuõhã, evam-etaü dhàrayàmi.
Nissaggiyapàcittiyà niññhità
Next Section
Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi Home Page Word Index
End Notes
1
Editor’s note: It seems every tradition has its own way of introducing
the recital of the Pàtimokkha. Here only two of the simpler ways are
included. Either the âràdhanà & Okàsakammaü is recited; or the
Pubbakiccaü (but not both).
2 The bracketed headings for the various sections are supplied from the ChS edition of the Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàëi.
3 BJT note: Suõàtu me bhante saïgho, ajja uposatho paõõaraso - PTS
4 The following 5 lines are not in BJT.
5 BJT note: This reading is not seen in some books.
6 The Pàràjika rules in BJT are listed simply as Pañhama-, Dutiya-, Tatiya-, & Catutthapàràjikaü;
without further identification. Most of the other rules have mnenomic
titles usually connected with the wording of the rule, or the occasion
for it (but see the notes to the Pàñidesanãya & Sekhiya rules
below). The titles in brackets in this section are taken from the ChS
edition of the text.
7 Editor’s note: BJT, Bhikkhuhi here, elsewhere bhikkhåhi.
8 Editor’s note: BJT, Kaccãttha here, elsewhere kaccittha.
9 Editor’s note: BJT, Tuõhi here, elsewhere tuõhã.
10 Editor’s note: this is the end title in BJT, the heading simply reads Pañhamasaïghàdisesà, but all the rest of these training rules are given distinctive titles.
11 BJT note: Pañinissajjeyya - ChS.
12 BJT note: Uttari - ChS
13 BJT note: Cãvaracetàpanaü - Thai.
14 Editor’s note: BJT, patiggaõh- here, but pañigaõh- in NP5 above.
15 Editor’s note: BJT, Nissaggãyaü, printer’s error.
16 Editor’s note: BJT, Kåpito - printer’s error.
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MISUSE OF EVM _ PART - 6
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/a/small-business-ideas.htm
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/qt/Proofreading-Small-Business-Idea.htm
Proofreading Small Business Idea
The Pros and Cons of Starting a Proofreading Business
Do you frequently catch typos and grammatical errors in books,
advertisements and articles, even when you’re reading for enjoyment? If
you have an eye for detail and love to read, a proofreading business
might be the perfect business idea for you.
Here are the pros and cons of starting a proofreading business, plus
some resources to help you get your proofreading business started.
The Pros
Some of the benefits of starting a proofreading business include:
- Your business can be entirely home-based, and you can work whenever you want and as much as you want.
- You don’t need any formal training or certification.
- You can provide ongoing proofreading services to your clients for steady income.
- Startup costs are low; the only required tools are an office setup, Internet access and reference materials.
- A proofreading business has the potential to create a good income.
The Cons
Potential challenges of starting a proofreading business include:
- There could be a significant amount of pressure to catch every single error.
- You have to be familiar with various styles guides and formatting requests.
- You need to be able to conduct quick and efficient research.
- You must have an exceptional command of the English language.
- It can take a while to build up a steady client base.
- You may have to meet aggressive deadlines.
Recommended Resources
More Business Opportunities
Business Startup Resources
Related Articles
• MISUSE OF EVM _ PART - 7
•
• New voter verifiable paper trail (VVPT) machines to replace the EVMs, following doubts that it could be tampered.Voting Machines are “Calculators which can be manipulated by computer softwares”. New Machines are ordered by EC, where a paper slip will come out with EVM voting which will be then deposited in a box. What is the use? Paper Slip will show that voter has casted vote for “Party A”, but calculator software will add vote to “Party B”! The Computers are programmable. No use for such fake paper slips. In Superior Courts it has been demonstrated how these computers can be manipulated and how it can be pre-programmed to make sure victory to one candidate during election. The EVM machines have killed Democracy and have all the potentials to do so. The ruling castes are manipulating EVMs to make sure victory to them depriving the dipressed classes to enable them to acquire the MASTER KEY that can unlock all doors of progress to the entire people.
•
• Under such circumstances the following exposure by media had no relevance during the last Karnataka Assembly Elections 2013 where the Congress won and the trend will continue in the forth coming General Elections until the Superior Court and the upholders of Democracy including the free and fair media. •
• 3 The Implications of Source Code Availability for Transparency
•
In § we defined electoral transparency to have four primary aspects: access, public oversight, comprehension and accountability. Disclosed and open source software support access to the system by allowing a greater sphere of individuals the ability to scrutinize the detailed workings of a voting system. In the case of publicly available source, this access is to all members of the public. With limited disclosure, access is simply increased to a strategically chosen subset of the public to facilitate effective evaluation.
Access to source code supports independent technical evaluation of voting systems that, in turn, facilitates oversight and accountability of software. With access to source code and design documentation, system evaluators can see and analyze each element that goes into building the binary executable which runs on a voting system during the election process. They can recompile the code in different manners to facilitate ease of testing and tracing where data goes during processing.
In addition to manual source code review, there are many bug-finding software applications.14These tools are developed to automatically find bugs in software by examining source code files or dynamically while the software is running. Evaluators point these tools at large bodies of source code, such as the Linux codebase, and are making much progress at finding common programming errors and vulnerabilities.15If voting system software were available to bug-finding researchers, they could examine and perfect their tools further while increasing the integrity of the software. Of course, bug finding is just one example of security-increasing research applications that source code availability could catalyze.
There are also evaluation techniques outside of source code review. It is not impossible to evaluate binary versions of voting system software using techniques from reverse engineering; however, it makes the task more complex and prone to error. 16There is a rich literature surrounding testing of computerized systems that incorporate unknown, “black box'’ components17and emerging work that seeks to greatly reduce the trusted base in voting systems.18
From a systems perspective, evaluation of code is not enough. Even in analyses outside of the ITA process, critical flaws have been found that only become evident when testing the integrated system.19We must also include other techniques such as adversarial penetration testing,20 parallel monitoring,21reliability testing and forms of feedback that we have in other areas of computing such as incident reporting and feedback.22
Of course, source code availability does not address comprehension; most voters will not gain any more insight into the operation of a voting system when source code has been made available to them. However, the mere fact that it is available and that they or a trusted representative could examine it will increase the level to which they trust these systems.
This was revealed by the
affidavit he submitted to the returning officer in Assam Wednesday while
filing his nomination papers for the forthcoming Rajya Sabha elections.
Manmohan Singh stated that his total annual income is Rs.40,51,964.
The prime minister also declared
his total movable assets to be worth Rs.3,87,63,188, which includes five
fixed deposits and three savings accounts.
Besides this, he holds immovable
assets valued at Rs.7,52,50,000, which include a residential building in
Chandigarh and an apartment in Vasant Kunj in New Delhi.
However, the prime minister’s wife Gursharan Kaur has Rs.20,000 in cash.
She has movable assets worth Rs.20,31,385, including 150.8 gm gold worth Rs.345,332. She has Rs.16,62,570 in a savings account.
Manmohan Singh’s affidavit also
mentioned that he is a resident of house No.3989, Nandan Nagar, in
Guwahati’s Sarumotoria locality.
05/15/13
Filed under:
General,
வினயபிடக
Posted by:
@ 4:50 pm
921 LESSON 16-05-2013 THURSDAY-FREE ONLINE eNālāndā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY
Mahavagga
MISUSE OF EVM _ PART - 6
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/a/small-business-ideas.htm
http://sbinformation.about.com/od/business-ideas/qt/Project-Management-Small-Business-Idea.htm
Spreading Buddhism Conference 2013 will be held at Nagpur (India) on July 20-21, 2013.
The two days conference will be discussed on following topics.:
1. Buddha Sangiti ( Discussion of Buddhist Monks).
2. The Concept of Buddhist India.(Symposium)
3. Buddhists Code of Conduct.(Free Discussion)
4. Buddhism & Women Empowerment.(Symposium)
5. Buddhists Literature. (Discussion)
6. Buddha’s Economics - Five precepts.(Symposium)
7. Co-ordination of Buddhist at Large.
8. Implementation of prepared action plan of World Buddhist Conference 2006 of Nagpur(India).(Discussion)
9. Buddhists Poet Gathering & Cultural Events.
You are cordially invited this conference. Lodging and boarding
facilities will be provided to the delegates & participants outside.
With bests Compliments from :
Dr. Milind Jiwane , Chairman & Chief Organizer,
Spreading Buddhism Conference 2013 at Nagpur (India)
Civil Rights Protection Cell
H.Q.: Jeewak Welfare Society Premises, Naya Nakasha, Opposite Swastik School, Nagpur 440017 (India)
Mob. No. +91 9370984138, 9225226922
email
: civilrightsprotectioncell@yahoo.in
dr.milindjiwane@yahoo.com
http://in-mg61.mail.yahoo.com/neo/launch?.rand=7bq9vpsh68bvs#mail
How
Buddha Jayanthi or Vesak or Vaishaka became a public Holiday in India
” My own contribution to the proceedings was confined to a short speech
in which I dealt with what I knew was a quite sensitive issue: the
Buddha Jayanti, or the fact that, five years after Independence, The
government of India had still not declared the Buddha’s “birthday” a
public holiday.’Jesus christ was born in Palestine(Near Europe); I told
the conference, having worked my way up to the point;’but his birthday
is a public holiday in India. Prophet Mohammed was born In Arabia(near
Europe), but his birthday too is a public holiday. The Buddha, however,
was born in India, but his birthday…’ It was not necessary for me to
complete the sentence, which drew a burst of laughter, followed by
prolonged applause, Buddhist and Hindu alike, and I thereupon concluded
my speech with a strong appeal to the government of India to take
immediate action and honour India’s greatest son by declaring his
birthday, ‘Buddha Jayanthi or vesak, a public holiday.Dr.
Radahakrishnan could hardly ignore so marked an expression of popular
feeling, and his closing remarks adverted to what I had said. The
request ought to have been made while thePrime Minister was present at
the meeting, he observed, with an air of slight displeasure.
Nevertheless, he would convey the request to his government for its
consideration.Please though I was to has achieved this much….
at the 1952 nov-dec Sanchi India. Buddhist conference
p.428
Facing Mount Kanchenjunga An English Buddhist in the Eastern Himalaya By
SANGHARAKSHITA
BUDDHIST WORLD IS IN DEBT TO YOU. Anagarika Dharmapala and Valisinha
Devapriyaji will be happy for your service To Indian Buddhism. Dear Sir
you will have a Healthy long life!.
— On Wed, 5/8/13, Saint S wrote:
From: Saint S
Subject: [sakya]
To:
humanhorizons@yahoogroups.co.uk, “sakyagroup@yahoo.com”
, sakyagroup@yahoogroups.com, “Dalits Media
Watch”
, “sparks voices of dalit women”
Date: Wednesday, May 8, 2013, 3:52 AM
Tamil Nadu vanniyar Terrorism: Tamil Nadu govt and Police caught off
gaurd, TN Police Struggle to douce the fire?. Jayalalitha Govt’s Arrest
Dramas?.
In southern India, in the state of Tamil Nadu, the vanniyar caste party and vanniyar sangam atrocity continues with no end in sight. But after the dramatic arrest of Ramadoss, Kaduvetti and other vanniyar so called leaders (unleashed riots), the whole state is paralyzed by these caste terrorists burning down buses. The
Tamil Nadu govt after repeated failure to punish the casteists and
casteist vanniyar terrorists is now witnessing first hand the ongoing
Rampages and burning down of public/govt transportation as well as
private vehicles in many parts of Tamil Nadu?…………..
If the vanniyars can cause so much damages to public properties while
the Chief Minister and police are watching, can you imagine their
terrorism and the extent of abuse on dalits that was never under the
radar of TN Police and Jayalalitha for years?…….
If so much damage is inflicted on public properties while the whole state is watching, what did they do while no police or state was watching in Dharmapuri and Marakanam?
More than 500 buses, cars, vans and vehicles been burned down so far and it is continue to occur in different parts of Tamil Nadu, what did the TN Police do?. Is
this called a State, is this what you call law and order, and is this
what you call governance of a state and society?. How is it possible
that a group of thugs call themselves vanniyars and claim to be working
for their caste people, but all they are known for is terrorism in one
or other format, and now they are gone made with a state wide rampage,
the state police has no clue as to how to control it?. If the Tamil Nadu
police and stage govt cannot safeguard
public transportation and properties, roads and bridges, how can they
protect innocent civilians from terrorists?, How?. How can this police
or the state govt protect the most vulnerable dalits from such caste
terrorists?.
Project Management Small Business Idea
The Pros and Cons of Starting a Project Management Business
A project manager can be an asset on every project that involves
multiple people, whether it’s a home renovation project, a small
business collaboration or a personal project.
A good project manager is highly organized and has an exceptional
ability to follow through. If you are considering starting a project
management business, here is a look at the pros, cons and where you can
get more information on how to get started.
The Pros
Project management is an excellent business idea
for analytical thinkers, detailed-oriented and organized professionals.
Some of the benefits of starting a project management business include:
- Startup costs are minimal if you are experienced in project management.
- If you work with homeowners and home-based business owners, your business can be home-based as well.
- You can establish yourself as an expert in project management by specializing in certain fields.
- You have a wide variety of markets to service, including
engineering, strategic planning, real estate, financial, health care and
more.
- Your business can be very lucrative once you’ve become established.
- Project management is a rapidly growing business in the areas of home remodeling and building.
The Cons
Some of the potential challenges of starting a project management business include:
- You need extensive experience, knowledge and skill in project management.
- You may need additional training and certification.
- If you work with corporate clients or large companies, you may need a professional space to meet with clients.
- Your business may involve a lot of travel to accommodate remote clients.
- It can take time to establish a reputation and see profits from your business.
- Having the proper degrees, certifications and licensing is highly recommended.
Recommended Resources
More Business Opportunities
Business Startup Resources
Related Articles
• MISUSE OF EVM _ PART - 6
•
• New voter verifiable paper trail (VVPT) machines to replace the EVMs, following doubts that it could be tampered.Voting Machines are “Calculators which can be manipulated by computer softwares”. New Machines are ordered by EC, where a paper slip will come out with EVM voting which will be then deposited in a box. What is the use? Paper Slip will show that voter has casted vote for “Party A”, but calculator software will add vote to “Party B”! The Computers are programmable. No use for such fake paper slips. In Superior Courts it has been demonstrated how these computers can be manipulated and how it can be pre-programmed to make sure victory to one candidate during election. The EVM machines have killed Democracy and have all the potentials to do so. The ruling castes are manipulating EVMs to make sure victory to them depriving the dipressed classes to enable them to acquire the MASTER KEY that can unlock all doors of progress to the entire people.
•
• Under such circumstances the following exposure by media had no relevance during the last Karnataka Assembly Elections 2013 where the Congress won and the trend will continue in the forth coming General Elections until the Superior Court and the upholders of Democracy including the free and fair media. •
• http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2006/01/wisconsin_votin.html
•
•
• http://static.usenix.org/event/evt06/tech/full_papers/hall/hall_html/
•
2 The “Enclosure of Transparency'’ of Voting Technology in the U.S.
Early vote casting in the United States was essentially a show of hands or voice vote in front of an official body. In small or even moderately sized towns, it was possible to keep one’s own records and do an independent tally of the vote. Of course, this ultimate level of elections transparency in early America had serious implications for voter privacy, coercion and vote selling.6
The extreme example of elections in early America allows us to better define what we mean by “transparency'’: a fully transparent election system is one that supports accountability as well as public oversight, comprehension and access to the entire process. This notion of transparency is the core principle of democratic governance; when voters can easily access and comprehend election processes and have the opportunity to observe election-related actions, they are directly exercising their democratic right to hold the system and its pieces accountable.
The private ballot, aimed at eliminating coercion, was one of the first major changes to the U.S. voting process and eventually the Australian ballot7 took hold throughout the vast majority of U.S. states.8This helped lessen problems such as biased ballot design, denying ballots to certain groups of people and simple as well as sophisticated forms of vote-selling and voter coercion. Today, all states save West Virginia9 provide for “secret'’ or “private'’ ballots. The requirements to support public scrutiny in a system with secret ballots include ensuring that each voter casts one ballot, that the container in which ballots are cast is initially empty at the beginning of voting, and that no ballots are introduced into the container after the voting is closed. In a paper ballot system, these are largely chain-of-custody concerns and can be ensured by scrutinizing the process and ensuring that there are two people from different parties with the ballot materials at all times.
Due to increasing complexity in counting and casting votes during the last century, voting technology has become mechanized. A number of factors have contributed to this move towards mechanization. Citizens have moved from rural to dense urban areas, causing the number of ballots in cities to increase remarkably. Ballots have become more complex; they often have federal, state and local contests on a single ballot, they often vary from precinct to precinct and they can vary by political party for primary elections.10This makes designing and hand-tallying paper ballots difficult and inefficient. Finally, statutory accessibility requirements under state and federal law stipulate accommodations that must be made for voters who don’t read or understand English and for voters with physical and mental disabilities.11
This mechanization has had profound consequences. On the positive side, election administration has become more efficient as large quantities of paper no longer need to be produced, counted and stored securely. The counting process itself is quicker and many non-English language speakers and persons with disabilities can be accommodated with a single piece of equipment.
Increased mechanization has disadvantages. Flaws with current voting technologies spur concerns that we have been too quick to embrace the productivity-enhancing features of computerized technology while not recognizing the vulnerabilities to which this new technology exposes our electoral system.12A more general concern is that the transparency that was at one time a necessary feature of casting and counting votes has been all but lost. Similar to how common property in England during the fifteenth through nineteenth centuries underwent a series of enclosure movements where a public good — common land — was gradually removed from the public sphere, the notion of transparency in the voting franchise has been progressively removed from the electoral franchise.13This “enclosure of transparency'’ has made the mechanisms of the electoral process opaque to the individual voter or even their trusted representative. When “counting votes'’ consists of running proprietary software to process vote data, voters can no longer “observe'’ the canvassing process. Nor can regulators or experts, with whom the public places its trust, easily gain access to and evaluate whether votes are being counted as they were intended to be cast.
Vinayapiñake
Mahàvaggapàëiyà
Dutiyo bhàgo
9 Campeyyakkhandhakaü
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammàsambuddhassa.
1. tena kho pana samayena buddho
bhagavà campàyaü viharati gaggaràya pokkharaõiyà tãre. Tena kho pana
samayena kàsãsu janapadesu vàsabhagàmo nàma hoti. Tattha kassapagotto
nàma bhikkhu àvàsiko hoti tantibaddho ussukkaü àpanno “kinti anàgatà ca
pesalà bhikkhå àgaccheyyuü, àgatà ca pesalà bhikkhå phàsu 1 vihareyyuü,
aya¤ca àvàso vuddhiü viråëhiü vepullaü àpajjeyyà”ti.
2. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulà bhikkhå kàsãsu càrikaü caramànà
yena vàsabhagàmo tadavasaruü. Addasà kho kassapagotto bhikkhu te bhikkhå
dåratoca àgacchante. Disvàna àsanaü pa¤¤àpesi. Pàdodakaü pàdapãñhaü
pàdakañhalikaü upanikkhipi. Paccuggantvà pattacãvaraü pañiggahesi.
Pànãyena àpucchi. Nàhàne ussukkaü akàsi. Ussukkampi akàsi yàguyà
khàdanãye bhattasmiü.
3. Atha kho tesaü àgantukànaü bhikkhånaü etadahosi: “bhaddako kho
ayaü àvuso, avàsiko bhikkhu. Nahàne ussukkaü karoti. Ussukkampi karoti
yàguyà khàdanãye bhattasmiü handa mayaü àvuso idheva vàsabhagàme nivàsaü
kappomà”ti. Atha kho te àgantukà bhikkhå tattheva vàsabhagàme nivàsaü
kappesuü.
4. Atha kho kassapagottassa bhikkhuno etadahosi: “yo kho imesaü
àgantukànaü bhikkhånaü àgantukakilamatho so pañissaddho. Yepi me gocare
appakata¤¤uno, te dànime gocare pakata¤¤uno. Dukkaraü kho pana
parakulesu yàvajãvaü ussukkaü kàtuü. Vi¤¤atti ca manussànaü amanàpà.
Yannånàhaü na ussukkaü kareyyaü yàguyà khàdanãye bhattasmi”nti. So na
ussukkaü akàsi yàguyà khàdanãye bhattasmiü.
5. Atha kho tesaü àgantukànaü bhikkhånaü [PTS Page 313] [\q 313/]
etadahosi: “pubbe khvàyaü àvàso àvàsiko bhikkhu nahàne ussukkaü akàsi.
Ussukkampi akàsi yàguyà khàdanãye bhattasmiü. So dànàyaü na ussukaü
karoti yàguyà khàdanãye bhattasmiü duññho dànàyaü àvuso, avàsiko
bhikkhu. Handa mayaü àvuso, avàsikaü2 bhikkhuü ukkhipàmà” ti.
6. Atha kho te àgantukà bhikkhå sannipatitvà kassapagottaü bhikkhuü
etadavocuü: “pubbe kho tvaü àvuso nahàne ussakkaü karosi. Ussukkampi
karosi yàguyà khàdanãye bhattasmiü. Sodàni tvaü na ussukkaü karosi
yàguyà khàdanãye bhattasmiü. âpattiü tvaü àvuso àpanno. Passasetaü
àpatti”nti. “Natthi me àvuso àpatti, yamahaü passeyya” nti.
1. “Phàsu” [P T S.] To vi. 2. “Imaü àvàsikaü” si.
[BJT Page 758] [\x 758/]
7. Atha kho te àgantukà bhikkhå kassapagottaü bhikkhuü àpattiyà
adassane ukkhipiüsu. Atha kho kassapagottassa bhikkhuno etadahosi: “ahaü
kho etaü na jànàmi - àpatti và esà anàpatti và? âpanno camhi anàpanno
và? Ukkhitto camhi anukkhitto và dhammikena và adhammikena và kuppena và
akuppena và ñhànàrahena và aññhànàrahena và? Yannånàhaü campaü gantvà
bhagavantaü etamatthaü puccheyya” nti.
8. Atha kho kassapagotto bhikkhu senàsanaü saüsàmetvà
pattacãvaramàdàya yena campà tena pakkàmi. Anupubbena yena campà yena
bhagavà tenupasaïkami. Upasaïkamitvà bhagavantaü abhivàdetvà ekamantaü
nisãdi.
9. âciõõaü kho panetaü buddhànaü bhagavantànaü àgantukehi bhikkhåhi
saddhiü pañisammodituü. Atha kho bhagavà kassapagottaü bhikkhuü
etadavoca: “kacci bhikkhu khamanãyaü? Kacci yàpanãyaü? Kaccasi 1
appakilamathena addhànaü àgato? Kuto ca tvaü bhikkhu àgacchasã? ” Ti.
10. “Khamanãyaü bhagavà. Yàpanãyaü bhagavà. Appakilamathena càhaü
bhante addhànaü àgato. Atthi bhante kàsãsu janapadesu vàsabhagàmo nàma.
Tatthàhaü avàsiko tantibaddho ussukkaü àpanno: “kinni anàgatà ca pesalà
bhikkhu àgaccheyyuü. âgatà ca pesalà bhikkhå phàsuü vihareyyuü. Aya¤ce
àvàso vuddhiü viråëhiü vepullaü àpajjeyyà”ti.
11. “Atha kho bhante sambahulà bhikkhå kàsãsu càrikaü caramànà yena
vàsabhagàmo tadavasaruü. Addasaü kho ahaü bhante, te bhikkhå dåratova
àgacchante. Disvàna àsanaü pa¤¤àpesiü. Pàdedakaü pàdapãñhaü
pàdakañhalikaü upanikkhipiü. Paccuggantvà pattacãvaraü pañiggahesiü.
Pànãyena àpucchiü. Nahàne ussukkaü akàsiü. Ussukkampi akàsiü yàguyà
khàdanãye bhattasmiü.
12. “Atha kho tesaü bhante, àgantukànaü bhikkhånaü etadahosi:
“bhaddako kho aya àvuso àvàsiko bhikkhu. Nahàne ussukkaü karoti.
Ussukkampi karoti yàguyà khàdanãye bhattasmiü. Handa mayaü àvuso idheva
vàsabhagàme nivàsaü kappemà”ti. [PTS Page 314] [\q 314/] atha [PTsvvv
Page 315] kho te bhante, àgantukà bhikkhå tattheva vàsabhagàme nivàsaü
kappesuü.
13. “Tassa mayhaü bhante, etadahosi: “yo kho imesaü àgantukànaü
bhikkhånaü àgantukakilamatho so pañippassaddho. Yepime gocare
appakata¤¤uno, te ‘dàni ‘ me gocare pakata¤¤uno. Dukkaraü kho pana
parakulesu yàvajãvaü ussukkaü kàtuü. Vi¤¤atti ca manussànaü amanàpà.
Yannånàhaü na ussukkaü kareyyaü yàguyà khàdanãye bhattasami”nti. So kho
ahaü bhante, na ussukkaü akàsiü yàguyà khàdanãye bhattasmiü.
1 “Kaccittha” machasaü.
[BJT Page 760] [\x 760/]
14. “Atha kho tesaü bhante, àgantukànaü bhikkhånaü etadahosi: ‘pubbe
khvàyaü àvuso avàsiko bhikkhu nahàne ussukkaü karoti. Ussukkampi karoti
yàguyà khàdanãye bhattasmiü. So’dànàyaü na ussukkaü karoti yàguyà
khàdanãye bhattasmiü. Duññho’dànàyaü àvuso, avàsiko bhikkhu. Handa mayaü
àvuso, avàsikaü bhikkhuü ukkhipàmà’ti.
15. “Atha kho te bhante, àgantukà bhikkhå sannipatitvà maü
etadavocuü: ‘pubbe kho tvaü àvuso, nahàne ussukkaü karosi. Ussukkampi
karosi yàguyà khàdanãye bhattasmiü. So ‘dàni tvaü na ussukkaü karosi
yàguyà khàdanãye bhattasmiü. âpattiü tvaü àvuso àpanno. Passasetaü
àpatti’nti. ‘Natthi me àvuso àpatti, yamahaü passeyya’ nti.
16. “Atha kho te bhante, àgantukà bhikkhu maü àpattiyà adassane
ukkhipiüsu. Tassa mayhaü bhante etadahosi: ‘ahaü kho etaü na janàmi:
àpatti và esà anàpatti và, àpanno camhi anàpanno và, ukkhitto camhi
anukkhitto và dhammikena và adhammikena và kuppena và akuppena và
ñhànàrahena và aññhànàrahena và. Yannånàhaü campaü gantvà bhagavantaü
etamatthaü puccheyya’nti. Tatohaü bhagavà àgacchàmã”ti.
17. “Anàpatti esà bhikkhu. Nesà àpatti. Anàpannosi. Nasi àpanno.
Anukkhittosi. Nasi ukkhitto. Adhammikenàsi kammena ukkhitto kuppena
aññhànàrahena. Gaccha tvaü bhikkhu, tatve vàsabhagàme nivàsaü
kappehã”ti. “Evaü bhante” ti kho kassapagotto bhikkhu bhagavato
pañissutvà uññhàyàsanà bhagavantaü abhivàdetvà padakkhiõaü katvà yena
vàsabhagàmo tena pakkàmi.
18. Atha kho tesaü àgantukànaü bhikkhånaü ahudeva kukkuccaü. Ahu
vippañisàro: “alàbhà vata no, na vata no làbhà, dulladdhaü vata no, na
vata no suladdhaü, ye mayaü suddhaü bhikkhuü anàpattikaü avatthusmiü
akàraõe ukkhipimha. Handa mayaü àvuso, campaü gantvà bhagavato santike
accayaü accayato desemà”ti.
19. Atha kho te àgantukà bhikkhå senàsanaü saüsàmetvà pattacãvaraü
àdàya yena campà tena pakkamiüsu. Anupubbena yena campà yena bhagavà
tenupasaïkamiüsu. Upasaïkamitvà bhagavantaü abhivàdetvà ekamantaü
nisãdiüsu.
20. âciõõaü kho panetaü buddhànaü bhagavantànaü àgantukehi bhikkhåhi
saddhiü pañisammodituü. Atha kho bhagavà te bhikkhå etadavoca: “kacci
bhikkhave, khamanãyaü? Kacci yàpanãyaü? Kaccittha appakilamathena
addhànaü àgatà? Kuto ca tumhe bhikkhave, àgacchathà”ti. “Khamanãyaü
bhagavà yàpanãyaü bhagavà. Appakilamathena ca mayaü bhante, addhànaü
àgatà. Atthi bhante kàsãsu janapadesu vàsabhagàmo nàma. Tato mayaü
bhagavà àgacchàmà”ti. “Tumhe bhikkhave, avàsikaü bhikkhuü
ukkhipitthà”ti. “Evaü bhante”ti. “Kismiü bhikkhave, vatthusmiü kismiü
kàraõe”ti. “Avatthusmiü bhagavà akàraõe”ti.
[BJT Page 762] [\x 762/]
21. Vigarahi buddho bhagavà. “Ananucchaviyaü moghapurisà,
ananulomikaü appatiråpaü assàmaõakaü akappiyaü [PTS Page 315] [\q 315/]
akaraõãyaü. Kathaü hi nàma tumhe moghapurisà, suddhaü bhikkhuü
anàpattikaü avatthusmiü akàraõe ukkhipissatha? Netaü moghapurisà,
appasannànaü và pasàdàya pasannànaü và bhiyyobhàvàya vigarahitvà dhammiü
kathaü katvà bhikkhå àmantesi: “na bhikkhave, suddho bhikkhu anàpattiko
avatthusmiü akàraõe ukkhipitabbo. Yo ukkhipeyya, àpatti dukkañassà”ti.
22. Atha kho te bhikkhå uññhàyàsanà ekaüsaü uttaràsaïgaü karitvà
bhagavato pàdesu sirasà nipatitvà bhagavantaü etadavocuü: “accayo no
bhante, accagamà yathà bàle yathà måëhe yathà akusale, ye mayaü suddhaü
bhikkhuü anàpattikaü avatthusmiü akàraõe ukkhipimha. Tesaü no bhante
bhagavà accayaü accayato patigaõhàtu àyatiü saüvaràyà”ti. “Taggha tumhe
bhikkhave, accayo accagahà yathà bàle yathà måëhe yathà akusale, ye
tumhe suddhaü bhikkhuü anàpattikaü avatthusmiü akàraõe ukkhipittha. Yato
ca kho tumhe bhikkhave, accayaü accayato disvà yathàdhammaü
pañikarotha, taü vo mayaü patigaõhàma. Vuddhi hesà bhikkhave, ariyassa
vinaye yo accayaü accayato disvà yathàdhammaü pañikaroti, àyati¤ca
saüvaraü àpajjatã” ti.
23. Tena kho pana samayena campàyaü bhikkhå evaråpàni kammàni
karonti: adhammena vaggakammaü karonti. Adhammena samaggakammaü karonti.
Dhammena vaggakammaü karonti. Dhammapatiråpakena vaggakammaü karonti.
Dhammapatiråpakena samaggakammaü karonti. Ekopi ekaü ukkhipati. Dvepi
ekaü ukkhipanti. Dvepi dve ukkhipanti. Dvepi sambahule ukkhipanti. Dvepi
saïghaü ukkhipanti. Sambahulàpi ekaü ukkhipanti. Samabahulàpi dve
ukkhipanti. Sambahulàpi sambahule ukkhipanti. Sambahulàpi saïghaü
ukkhipanti. Saïghopi saïghaü ukkhipati.
24. Ye te bhikkhå appicchà santuññhà lajjino kukkuccakà sikkhàkàmà te
ujjhàyanti, khãyanti, vipàcenti: “kathaü hi nàma campàyaü bhikkhå
evaråpàni kammàni karissanti? Adhammena vaggakammaü karissanti?
Adhammena samaggakammaü karissanti? Dhammena vaggakammaü karissanti?
Dhammapatiråpakena vaggakammaü karissanti? Dhammapatiråpakena
samaggakammaü karissanti? Ekopi ekaü ukkhipissati? Ekopi dve
ukkhipissati? Ekopi sambahule ukkhipissati? Ekopi saïghaü ukkhipissati?
Dvepi ekaü ukkhipissanti? Dvepi dve ukkhipissanti? Dvepi sambahule
ukkhipissanti? Dvepi saïghaü ukkhipissanti? Sambahulàpi sambahule
ukkhipissanti? Sambahulàpi saïghaü ukkhipissanti? Saïghopi saïghaü
ukkhipissatã” ti.
[BJT Page 764] [\x 764/]
25. Atha kho te bhikkhå bhagavato etamatthaü àrocesuü. “Saccaü kira
bhikkhave, campàyaü bhikkhå evaråpàni kammàni karonti? [PTS Page 316]
[\q 316/] adhammena vaggakammaü karonti? Adhammena samaggakammaü
karonti. Dhammena vaggakammaü karonti. Dhammapatiråpakena vaggakammaü
karonti. Dhammapatiråpakena samaggakammaü karonti. Ekopi ekaü ukkhipati.
Dvepi ekaü ukkhipanti. Dvepi dve ukkhipanti. Dvepi sambahule
ukkhipanti. Dvepi saïghaü ukkhipanti. Sambahulàpi ekaü ukkhipanti.
Samabahulàpi dve ukkhipanti. Sambahulàpi sambahule ukkhipanti.
Sambahulàpi saïghaü ukkhipanti. Saïghopi saïghaü ukkhipatã”ti. “Saccaü
bhagavà. “
26. Vigarahi buddho bhagavà “ananucchaviyaü bhikkhave, tesaü
moghapurisànaü ananulomikaü appatiråpaü assàmaõakaü akappiyaü
akaraõãyaü. Kathaü hi nàma te bhikkhave moghapurisà evaråpàni kammàni
karissanti? Adhammena vaggakammaü karissanti? Adhammena samaggakammaü
karissanti? Dhammena vaggakammaü karissanti? Dhammapatiråpakena
vaggakammaü karissanti? Dhammapatiråpakena samaggakammaü karissanti?
Ekopi ekaü ukkhipissati? Ekopi dve ukkhipissati? Ekopi sambahule
ukkhipissati? Ekopi saïghaü ukkhipissati? Dvepi ekaü ukkhipissanti?
Dvepi dve ukkhipissanti? Dvepi sambahule ukkhipissanti? Dvepi saïghaü
ukkhipissanti? Sambahulàpi sambahule ukkhipissanti? Sambahulàpi saïghaü
ukkhipissanti? Saïghopi saïghaü ukkhipissati. ?
27. “Netaü bhikkhave, appasannànaü và pasàdàya pasannànaü và
bhiyyobhàvàya vigarahitvà dhammiü kathaü katvà bhikkhå àmantesi:
“adhammena ce bhikkhave, vaggakammaü akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Adhammena1 samaggakammaü akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Dhammena
vaggakakammaü akammaü. Na da karaõãyaü. Dhammapatiråpakena vaggakammaü
akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Dhammapatiråpakena samaggakakammaü akammaü. Na
ca karaõãyaü. Ekopi ekaü ukkhipati, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü. Ekopi dve
ukkhipati, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Ekopi sambahule ukkhipati, akammaü.
Na ca karaõãyaü. Ekopi saïghaü ukkhipati, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü.
Dvepi ekaü ukkhipanti, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Dvepi dve ukkhipanti,
akammaü na ca karaõãyaü. Dvepi saïghaü ukkhipanti, akammaü. Na ca
karaõãyaü. Sambahulàpi ekaü ukkhipanti, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Sambahulàpi dve ukkhipanti, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Sambahulàpi
sambahule ukkhipanti, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Sambahulàpi saïghaü
ukkhipanti akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Saïghopi saïghaü ukkhipati,
akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
28. “Cattàrimàni, bhikkhave, kammàni: adhammena vaggakammaü.
Adhammena samaggakammaü. Dhammena vaggakammaü. Dhammena samaggakammaü.
29. “Tatra bhikkhave, yamidaü adhammena vaggakammaü, idaü bhikkhave,
kammaü adhammattà vaggattà kuppaü aññhànàrahaü. Na bhikkhave, evaråpaü
kammaü kàtabbaü. Na ca mayà evaråpaü kammaü anu¤¤àtaü.
30. “Tatra bhikkhave, yamidaü2 adhammena samaggakammaü, idaü
bhikkhave kammaü adhammattà kuppaü aññhànàrahaü. Na bhikkhave, evaråpaü
kammaü kàtabbaü. Na ca mayà evaråpaü kammaü anu¤¤àtaü.
31. “Tatra bhikkhave, yamidaü dhammena vaggakammaü, idaü bhikkhave,
kammaü vaggattà kuppaü aññhanàrahaü. Na bhikkhave, evaråpaü kammaü
kàtabbaü. Na ca mayà evaråpaü kammaü anu¤¤àtaü.
1. “Adhammena ce bhikkhave” sã. 2. “Yadidaü” machasaü
[BJT Page 766] [\x 766/]
32. “Tatra bhikkhave, yamidaü dhammena samaggakammaü, idaü bhikkhave
kammaü dhammattà samaggattà akuppaü ñhànàrahaü. Evaråpaü bhikkhave,
kammaü kàtabbaü. Evaråpa¤ca mayà kammaü anu¤¤àtaü. Tasmàtiha bhikkhave,
evaråpaü kammaü karissàma ‘yadidaü dhammena samagga’nti evaü hi vo
bhikkhave sikkhitabba”nti.
33. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyà bhikkhu evaråpàni kammàni
karonti: adhammena vaggakammaü karonti. Adhammena samaggakammaü karonti.
Dhammena vaggakammaü karonti. Dhammapatiråpakena vaggakammaü karonti.
Dhammapatiråpakena samaggakammaü karonti. ¥attivipannampi kammaü karonti
anusàvanasampannaü. Anusàvanavipannampi kammaü karonti ¤attisampannaü.
[PTS Page 317] [\q 317/] ¤attivipannampi anusàvanavippannampi kammaü
karonti. A¤¤atràpi dhammà kammaü karonti. A¤¤atràpi vinayaü kammaü
karonti. A¤¤atràpi satthusàsanà kammaü karonti. Pañikuññhakañampi1
kammaü karonti adhammikaü kuppaü aññhanàrahaü.
Ye te bhikkhå appicchà santuññhà lajjino kukkuccakà sikkhàkàmà, te
ujjhàjayanti khãyanti vipàcenti: “kathaü hi nàma chabbaggiyà bhikkhå
evaråpàni kammàni karissanti: adhammena vaggakammaü karissanti?
Adhammena samaggakammaü karissanti? Dhammena vaggakammaü karissanti?
Dhammapatiråpakena vaggakammaü karissanti? Dhammapatiråpakena
samaggakammaü karissanti? ¥attivipannampi kammaü karissanti
anusàvanasampannaü? Anusàvanavipannampi kamamaü karissanti
¤attisampannaü? ¥attivipannampi anusàvanavipannampi kammaü karissanti ?
A¤¤àtràpi dhammà kammaü karissanti? A¤¤atràpi vinayà kammaü karissanti?
A¤¤atràpi satthusàsanà kammaü karissanti? Pañikuññhakañampi kammaü
karissanti adhammikaü kuppaü aññhanàraha”nti.
35. Atha kho te bhikkhå bhagavato etamatthaü àrocesuü. “Saccaü kira
bhikkhave, chabbaggiyà bhikkhå evaråpàni kammàni karonti? Adhammena
vaggakammaü karonti? Adhammena samaggakammaü karonti. Dhammapatiråpakena
vaggakammaü karonti. Dhammapatiråpakena samaggakammaü karonti.
¥attivipannampi kammaü karonti anusàvanasampannaü. Anusàvanavipannampi
kammaü karonti ¤attisampannaü. ¥attivipannampi anusàvanavippampi kammaü
karonti. A¤¤atràpi dhammà kammaü karonti. A¤¤atràpi vinayà kammaü
karonti. A¤¤atràpi satthusàsanà kammaü karonti. Pañikuññhakañampi kammaü
karonti adhammikaü kuppaü aññhanàraha”nti.
36. “Saccaü bhagavà” vigarahi buddho bhagavà. “Ananucchaviyaü
moghapurisà, ananulomika appatiråpaü assàmaõakaü akappiyaü akaraõãyaü.
“Kathaü hi nàma chabbaggiyà bhikkhå evaråpàni kammàni karissanti:
adhammena ggakammaü karissanti? Adhammena samaggakammaü karissanti?
Dhammena vaggakammaü karissanti? Dhammapatiråpakena vaggakammaü
karissanti? Dhammapatiråpakena samaggakammaü karissanti? ¥attivipannampi
kammaü karissanti anusàvanasampannaü? Anusàvanavipannampi kammaü
karissanti ¤attisampannaü? ¥attivipannampi anusàvanavipannampi kamamaü
karissanti? A¤¤atràpi dhammaü kammaü karissanti? A¤¤atràpi vinayà kammaü
karissanti? A¤¤atràpi satthusàsanà kammaü karissanti? Pañikuññhakañampi
kammaü karissanti adhammikaü kuppaü aññhànàraha” nti. Netaü moghapurisa
appasannànaü và pasàdàya pasannànaü và bhiyyobhàvaya vigarahitvà
dhammiü kathà katvà bhikkhå àmantesi: “adhammena ce bhikkhave,
vaggakammaü akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Adhammena samaggakammaü akammaü.
Na ca karaõãyaü, dhammena vaggakammaü akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Dhammapatiråpakena vaggakammaü akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Dhammapatiråpakena samaggakammaü akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. ¥attivipannaü
ce bhikkhave, kammaü anusàvanasampannaü akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Anusàvanavipannaü ce bhikkhave, kammaü ¤attisampannaü akammaü. Na ca
karaõãyaü. ¥attivipannaü ce bhikkhave, kammaü anusàvanavipannaü ca
akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. A¤¤atràpi dhammà kammaü akammaü. Na ca
karaõãyaü. A¤¤atràpi vinayà kammaü akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. A¤¤atràpi
satthusàsasà kammaü akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Pañikuññhakaña¤ce
bhikkhave, kammaü adhammikaü kuppaü aññhanàrahaü akammaü. Na ca
karaõãyaü”
1. “Pañikuññhakatampi” machasaü [P T S]
[BJT Page 768] [\x 768/]
37. “Chayimàni bhikkhave, kammàni: adhammakammaü, vaggakammaü,
samaggakammaü, dhammapatiråpakena vaggakammaü, dhammatiråpakena
samaggakammaü, dhammena samaggakammaü.
38. “Katama¤ca bhikkhave adhammakammaü? ¥attidutiye ce bhikkhave
kamme ekàya ¤attiyà kammaü karoti, na ca kammavavàcaü anusàveti,
adhammakammaü.
39. “¥attidutiye ce bhikkhave, kamme dvãhi ¤attãhi kammaü karoti, na ca kammavàcaü anusàveti, adhammakammaü.
40. “¥attidutiye ce bhikkhave, kamme ekàya kammavàcàya kammaü karoti, na ca ¤attiü ñhapeti, adhammakammaü.
41. “¥attidukiye ce bhikkhave, kamme dvãhi kammavàcàhi kammaü karoti, na ca ¤attiü ñhapeti, adhammakammaü.
42. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme ekàya ¤attiyà kammaü karoti.
Na ca kammavàcaü anusàveti, [PTS Page 318] [\q 318/] adhammakammaü.
43. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme dvãhi ¤attãhi kammaü karoti, na ca kammavàcaü anusàveti, adhammakammaü.
44. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme tãhi ¤attãhi kammaü karoti, na ca kammavàcaü anusàveti, adhammakammaü.
45. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme catåhi ¤attãhi kammaü karoti, na ca kammavàcaü anusàveti, adhammakammaü.
46. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme dvãhi kammavàcàhi kammaü karoti, na ca ¤attiü ñhapeti, adhammakammaü.
47. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme dvãhi kammavàcàhi kammaü karoti, na ca ¤attiü ñhapeti, adhammakammaü.
48. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme tãhi kammavàcàhi kammaü karoti, na ca ¤attiü ñhapeti, adhammakammaü.
49. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme catåhi kammavàcàhi kammaü
karoti, na ca ¤attiü ñhapeti, adhammakammaü. Idaü vuccati bhikkhave,
adhammakammaü.
50. “Katama¤ca bhikkhave, vaggakammaü? ¥attidutiye ce bhikkhave,
kamme yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà, te anàgatà honti, chandàrahànaü
chando anàhaño hoti, sammukhãbhåtà pañikkosanti, vaggakammaü.
51. “¥attidutiye ce bhikkhave, kamme yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà, te
àgatà honti, chandàrahànaü chando anàhaño hoti, sammukhãbhåtà
pañikkosanti, vaggakammaü.
52. “¥attidutiye ce bhikkhave, kamme yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà, te
àgatà honti, chandàrahànaü chando àhaño hoti, sammukhãbhåtà
pañikkosanti, vaggakammaü.
[BJT Page 770] [\x 770/]
53. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà,
te anàgatà honti, chandàrahànaü chando anàhaño hoti, sammukhãbhåtà
pañikkosanti, vaggakammaü.
54. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà, te àgatà
Honti, chandàrahànaü chando anàhaño hoti, sammukhãbhåtà pañikkosanti, vaggakammaü.
55. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà,
te àgatà honti, chandàrahànaü chando àhaño hoti, sammukhãbhåtà
pañikkosanti, vaggakammaü. Idaü vuccati bhikkhave, vaggakammaü.
56. Katama¤ca bhikkhave, samaggakammaü? ¥attidutiye ce bhikkhave,
kamme yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà, te àgatà honti, chandàrahànaü chando
àhaño hoti, sammukhãbhåtà na pañikkosanti, samaggakammaü.
57. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà,
te àgatà honti, chandàrahànaü chando àhaño hoti, sammukhãbhåtà na
pañikkosanti, samaggakammaü. Idaü vuccati bhikkhave, samaggakammaü.
58. “Katama¤ca bhikkhave, dhammapatiråpakena vaggakammaü? ¥atti
dutiye ce bhikkhave, kamme pañhamaü kammavàcaü anusàveti, pacchà ¤attiü
ñhapeti, yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà, te anàgatà honti, chandàrahànaü
chando anàhaño hoti, sammukhãbhåtà pañikkosanti, dhammapatiråpakena
vaggakammaü.
59. “¥attidutiye ce bhikkhave, kamme pañhamaü kammavàcaü anusàveti,
pacchà ¤attiü ñhapeti, yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà, te àgatà honti,
chandàrahànaü chando anàhaño hoti, sammukhãbhåtà pañikkosanti,
dhammapatiråkena vaggakammaü.
60. “¥attidutiye ce bhikkhave, kamme pañhamaü kammavàcaü anusàveti,
pacchà ¤attiü ñhapeti, yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà, te àgatà honti,
chandàrahànaü chando àhaño hoti, [PTS Page 319] [\q 319/] sammukhãbhåtà
pañikkosanti, dhammapatiråpakena vaggakammaü.
61. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme pañhamaü kammavàcaü anusàveti,
pacchà ¤attiü ñhapeti, yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà, te anàgatà honti,
chandàrahànaü chando anàhaño hoti, sammukhãbhåtà pañikkosanti,
dhammapatiråpakena vaggakammaü.
62. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme pañhamaü kammavàcaü anusàveti,
pacchà ¤attiü ñhapeti, yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà, te àgatà honti,
chandàrahànaü chando anàhaño hoti, sammukhãbhåtà pañikkosanti,
dhammapatiråpakena vaggakamma.
[BJT Page 772] [\x 772/]
63. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme pañhamaü kammavàcaü anusàveti,
pacchà ¤attiü ñhapeti, yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà, te àgatà honti,
chando àhaño hoti, sammukhãbhåtà pañikkosanti, dhammapatiråpakena
vaggakammaü. Idaü vuccati bhikkhave, dhammapatiråpakena vaggakammaü.
64. “Katama¤ca bhikkhave, dhammapatiråpakena samaggakammaü?
¥attidutiye ce bhikkhave, kamme pañhamaü kammavàcaü anusàveti, pacchà
¤attiü ñhapeti, yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà, te àgatà honti, chando
àhaño, hoti, sammukhãbhåtà na pañikkosanti, dhammapatiråpakena
samaggakammaü.
65. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme pañhamaü kammavàcaü anusàveti,
pacchà ¤attiü ñhapeti, yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà, te àgatà honti,
chandàrahànaü chando àhaño hoti sammukhãbhåtà na pañikkosanti,
dhammapatiråpakena samaggakammaü, idaü vuccati bhikkhave,
dhammapatiråpakena samaggakammaü.
66. “Katama¤ca bhikkhave, dhammena samaggakammaü? ¥attidutiye ce
bhikkhave, kamme pañhamaü ¤attiü ñhapeti, pacchà ekàya kammavàcàya
kammaü karoti, yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà, te àgatà honti,
chandàrahànaü chando àhaño hoti, sammukhãbhåtàna pañikkosanti, dhammena
samaggakammaü.
67. “¥atticatutthe ce bhikkhave, kamme pañhamaü ¤attiü ñhapeti,
pacchà tãhi kammavàcàmi kammaü karoti, yàvatikà bhikkhå kammappattà, te
àgatà honti, chandàrahànaü chando àhaño hoti, sammukhãbhåtà na
pañikkosanti, dhammena samaggakammaü. Idaü vuccati bhikkhave, dhammena
samaggakammaü. “
68. “Pa¤ca saïghà: catuvaggo bhikkhusaïgho, pa¤cavaggo bhikkhusaïgho,
dasavaggo bhikkhusaïgho, vãsativaggo bhikkhusaïgho, atirekavãsativaggo
bhikkhusaïgho.
69. “Tatra bhikkhave, yvàyaü catuvaggo bhikkhusaïgho, ñhapetvà tãõi
kammàni: upasampadaü pavàraõaü abbhànaü, dhammena samaggo sabbakammesu
kammappatto.
70. “Tatra bhikkhave, yvàyaü pa¤cavaggo bhikkhusaïgho, ñhapetvà dve
kammàni: majjhimesu janapadesu upasampadaü, abbhànaü, dhammena samaggo
sabbakammesu kammappatto.
71. “Tatra bhikkhave, yvàyaü dasavaggo bhikkhusaïgho, ñhapetvà ekaü kammaü: abbhànaü, dhammena samaggo sabbakammesu kammappatto.
72. “Tatra bhikkhave, yvàyaü vãsativaggo bhikkhusaïgho, dhammena samaggo sabbakammesu kammappatto.
[BJT Page 774] [\x 774/]
73. “Tatra bhikkhave, yvàyaü atirekavãsativaggo [PTS Page 320] [\q
320/] bhikkhusaïgho, dhammena samagegà sabbakammesu kammappatto. “
74. “Catuvaggakaraõaü ce bhikkhave, kammaü bhikkhunãcatuttho kammaü
kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Catuvaggakaraõaü ce bhikkhave, kammaü
sikkhamànàcatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Catuvaggakaraõaü ce bhikkhave, kammaü sàmaõeracatuttho kammaü kareyya,
akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Sàmaõerã catuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na
ca karaõãyaü. Sàmaõerã catuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca
karaõãyaü. Sikkhaüpaccakkhàtakacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca
karaõãyaü. Antimavatthuü ajjhàpannakacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü.
Na ca karaõãyaü. âpattiyà adasasane ukkhittakacatuttho kammaü kareyya,
akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. âpattiyà appañikamme ukkhittakacatuttho kammaü
kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü. Pàpikàya diññhiyà appañinissagge
ukkhittakacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Paõóakacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Paõóakacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Theyyasaüvàsakacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü
titthiyapakkantakacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Tiracchànagatacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Màtughàtakacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Pitughàtakacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Arahantaghàtakacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Bhikkhunãdåsakacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Saïghabhedakacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Lohituppàdakacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Ubhatobya¤janakacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Nànàsaüvàsakacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Nànàsãmàyañhitacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Iddhiyà vehàse ñhitacatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Yassa saïghe kammaü karoti, taücatuttho kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca
karaõãyaü. “1
Catuvaggakaraõaü.
1. (74) Asmiü chede “-pe-” peyyàlato paraü “catuvaggakaraõaü ce bhikkhave, kammaü” iti pativàkyaü yojetabbaü.
[BJT Page 776] [\x 776/]
1. “Pa¤cavaggakaraõaü ce bhikkhave, kammaü bhikkhunãpa¤camo kammaü
kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Pa¤cavaggakaraõaü ce bhikkhave,
kammaü sikkhàmànàpa¤camo1 kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Pa¤cavaggakaraõaü ce bhikkhave, kammaü sàmaõerapa¤camo kammaü kareyya,
akammaü na ca karaõãyaü. Sàmaraõerãpa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca
karaõãyaü. Sikkhaü paccakkhàtapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca
karaõãyaü. Antimavatthuü ajjhàpannakapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na
ca karaõãyaü. âpattiyà adassane ukkhittakapa¤camo kammaü kareyya,
akammaü na ca karaõãyaü. âpattiyà appañikamme ukkhittakapa¤camo kammaü
kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü. Pàpikàya diññhiyà appañinissagge
ukkhittakapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü.
Paõóakapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü.
Theyyasaüvàsakapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü.
Titthiyapakkantakapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü.
Tiracchànagata pa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü.
Màtughàtakakapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü.
Pitughàtakapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü.
Arahantaghàtakapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü.
Bhikkhunãdåsakapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü.
Saïghabhedakapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü.
Lohituppàdakapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü.
Ubhatobya¤janakapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü. Nàna
saüvàsakapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü. Nànàsãmàya
ñhitapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü. Iddhiyà vehàse
ñhitapa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü na ca karaõãyaü. Yassa saïgho
kammaü karoti, taüpa¤camo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. “2
Pa¤cavaggakaraõaü.
1. “Dasavaggakaraõaü ce bhikkhave, kammaü bhikkhunãdasamo kammaü
kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü dasavaggakaraõaü ce bhikkhave, kammaü
sikkhamànàdasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü .
Dasavaggakaraõaü ce bhikkhave, kammaü sàmaõeradasamo kammaü kareyya,
akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Sàmaõerãdasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca
karaõãyaü. Sikkhaü paccakkhàtakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca
karaõãyaü. Antimavatthuü ajjhàpannakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na
ca karaõãyaü. âpattiyà adassane ukkhittakadasamo kammaü kareyya,
akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. âpattiyà appañikamme ukkhittakadasamo kammaü
kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Pàpikàya diññhiyà appañinissagge
ukkhittakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Paõóako
dasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Theyyasaüvàsakadasamo
kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Titthiyapakkantakadasamo
kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Tiracchàgatadasamo kammaü
kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Màtughàtakadasamo kammaü kareyya,
akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Pitughàtakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na
ca karaõãyaü. Arahantaghàtakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca
karaõãyaü. Bhikkhunãdåsakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü.
Paõóakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Theyyasaüvàsakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Titthiyapakkantakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Tiracchànagatadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Màtughàtakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Pitughàtakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Arahantaghàtakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Bhikkhunãdåsakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Saïghabhedakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Lohituppàdakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Ubhatobya¤janakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Nàna
saüvàsakadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Nànàsãmàya
ñhitadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Iddhiyà vehàse
ñhitadasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Yassa saïgho
kammaü karoti, taüdasamo kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. “2
Dasavaggakaraõaü.
1. “Sikkhamànapa¤camo” machasaü. Ma nu pa ja vi to vi. A vi. Sã mu 2.
2. Asmiü chede peyyàlamukhena niddiññhàni avuttapadàni pàëinyato yathàråpaü gahetabbàni
[BJT Page 778] [\x 778/]
1. “Vãsativaggakaraõa¤ce bhikkhave, kammaü bhikkhuõãvãso kammaü
kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Vãsativaggakaraõa¤ce bhikkhave,
kammaü sikkhamànàvãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
“Vãsativaggakaraõa¤ce bhikkhave, kammaü sàmaõeravãso kammaü kareyya,
akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Sàmaraõerãvãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca
karaõãyaü. Sikkhaü paccakkhàtakavãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca
karaõãyaü. Antimavatthuü ajjhàpannakavãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca
karaõãyaü. âpattiyà adassane ukkhittakavãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na
ca karaõãyaü. âpattiyà appañikamme ukkhittakavãso kammaü kareyya,
akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Pàpikàya diññhiyà appañinissagge
ukkhittakavãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Paõóakavãso
kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Theyyasaüvàsakavãso kammaü
kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Titthiyapakkantakavãso kammaü
kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Tiracchànagatavãso kammaü kareyya,
akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Màtughàtakavãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca
karaõãyaü. Pitughàtakavãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Arahantaghàtakavãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Bhikkhuõãdåsakavãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Saïghabhedakavãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Lohituppàdakavãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Ubhatobya¤janakavãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü.
Nànàsaüvàsakavãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Nànàsãmàya
ñhitavãso kammaü kareyya akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Iddhiyà vehàse
ñhitavãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Yassa saïgho kammaü
karoti, taüvãso kammaü kareyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. ”
Vãsativaggakaraõaü
1. “Pàrivàsikacatuttho ce bhikkhave, parivàsaü dadeyya, målàya
pañikasseyya, mànattaü dadeyya, taüvãso abebhayya, akammaü. Na ca
karaõãyaü. Målàya pañikassanàrahacatuttho ce bhikkhave, parivàsaü
dadeyya, målàya pañikasseyya, mànattaü dadeyya, taüvãso abebhayya,
akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Mànattàrahacatuttho ce bhikkhave, parivàsaü
dadeyya, målàya pañikasseyya, mànattaü dadeyya, taüvãso abbheyya,
akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. Mànattacàrikacatuttho ca bhikkhave, parivàsaü
dadeyya, målàya pañikasseyya, mànattaü dadeyya, taüvãso [PTS Page 321]
[\q 321/] abbheyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. ” Abbhànàrahacatuttho ce
bhikkhave, parivàsaü dadeyya, målàya pañikasseyya, mànattaü dadeyya,
taüvãso abbheyya, akammaü. Na ca karaõãyaü. “
[BJT Page 780] [\x 780/]
2. “Ekaccassa bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà råhati. Ekaccassa
na råhati. Kassa ca bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati?
Bhikkhuniyà bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Sikkhamànàya
bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Sàmaõerassa bhikkhave,
saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Sàmaõeràya 1 bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe
pañikkosanà na råhati. Sikkhaü paccakkhàtakassa bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe
pañikkosanà na råhati. Antimavatthuü ajjhàpannakassa bhikkhave,
saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Ummattakassa bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe
pañikkosanà na råhati. Khittacittassa bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe
pañikkosanà na råhati. Vedanaññassa bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà
na råhati. âpattiyà adassane ukkhittakassa bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe
pañikkosanà na råhati. âpattiyà appañikamme ukkhittakassa bhikkhave,
saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Pàpikàya diññhiyà appañinissagge
ukkhittakassa bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Paõóakassa
bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Theyyasaüvàsakassa
bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Titthiyapakkantakassa
bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Tiracchànagatassa
bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Màtughàtakassa bhikkhave,
saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Pitughàtakassa bhikkhave,
saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Arahantaghàtakassa bhikkhave,
saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Bhikkhunãdåsakassa bhikkhave,
saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Saïghabhedakassa bhikkhave,
saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Lohituppàdakassa bhikkhave,
saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Ubhatobya¤janakassa bhikkhave,
saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Nànàsaüvàsakassa bhikkhave,
saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Nànàsãmàya ñhitassa bhikkhave,
saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Iddhiyà vehàse ñhitassa bhikkhave,
saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Yassa saïgho kammaü karoti, tassa ca
2 bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati. Imesaü kho bhikkhave,
saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà na råhati.
3. “Kassa ca bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà råhati? Bhikkhussa
bhikkhave, pakatattassa samànasaüvàsakassa samànasãmàya ñhitassa
antatamaso ànantarikassàpi3 bhikkhuno vi¤¤àpentassa saïghamajjhe
pañikkosanà råhati. Imassa kho bhikkhave, saïghamajjhe pañikkosanà
råhati.
4. “Dvemà bhikkhave, nissàraõà: atthi bhikkhave, puggalo appatto
nissàraõaü, taü¤ce saïgho nissàreti, ekacco sunissàrito. Ekacco
dunnissàrito.
5. “Katamo ca bhikkhave, puggalo appatto nissàraõaü, ta¤ce saïgho
nissàreti dunnissàrito? Idha pana bhikkhave, bhikkhu suddho hoti
anàpattiko. Ta¤ce saïgho nissàreti, dunnissàrito. Ayaü vuccati
bhikkhave, puggalo appatto nissàraõaü, ta¤ce saïgho nissàreti,
dunnissàrito.
6. “Katamo ca bhikkhave, puggalo appatto nissàraõaü, ta¤ce saïgho
nissàreti sunissàrito? Idha pana bhikkhave, bhikkhu bàlo hoti abyatto
àpattibahulo anapadàno gihãhi 4 [PTS Page 322] [\q 322/] saüsaññho
viharati ananulomikehi gihãsaüsaggehi, ta¤ce saïgho nissàreti,
sunissàrito. Ayaü vuccati bhikkhave, puggalo appatto nissàraõaü, ta¤ce
saïgho nissàreti, sunissàrito.
1. “Sàmaõeriyà” machasaü [P T S. 2.] “Tassa” ja vi. To vi. Ma nu pa.
3. “Anantarikassàpi si. A. Vi. Ja vi.
4. “Gihãsaüsaññho” machasaü. Sã mu. Muddita cullavaggapàëi.
[BJT Page 782] [\x 782/]
7. “Dvomà bhikkhave, osàraõà: atthi bhikkhave, puggalo appatto osàraõaü.
Ta¤ce saïgho osàreti, ekacco sosàrito. Ekacco dosàrito.
8. “Katamo ca bhikkhave, puggalo appatto osàraõaü, ta¤ce saïgho
osàreti, dosàrito? Paõóako bhikkhave, appatto osàraõaü, ta¤ce saïgho
osàreti, dosàrito. Theyyasaüvàsako bhikkhave, appatto osàraõaü, ta¤ce
saïgho osàreti dosàrito. Titthiyapakkantako bhikkhave, appatto osàraõaü,
ta¤ce saïgho osàreti, dosàrito. Tiracchànagato bhikkhave, appatto
osàraõaü, ta¤ce saïgho osàreti, dosàrito. Màtughàtako bhikkhave, appatto
osàraõaü, ta¤ce saïgho osàreti, dosàrito. Pitughàtako bhikkhave,
appatto osàraõaü, ta¤ce saïgho osàreti, dosàrito. Arahantaghàtako
bhikkhave, appatto osàraõaü, ta¤ce saïgho osàreti, dosàrito.
Bhikkhuõãdåsako bhikkhave, appatto osàraõaü, ta¤ce saïgho osàreti,
dosàrito. Saïghabhedako bhikkhave, appatto osàraõaü, ta¤ce saïgho
osàreti, dosàrito. Lohituppàdako bhikkhave, appatto osàraõaü, ta¤ce
saïgho osàreti dosàrito. Ubhatobya¤janako bhikkhave, appatto osàraõaü,
ta¤ce saïgho osàreti, dosàrito.
