‘Marble Buddha’
‘Sakyamuni Buddha’
Sakyamuni Buddha is the historical Buddha born as the prince Siddhatha Gautama in Southern Nepal 2,500 years ago. This image shows him at the moment of his awaken-ness. He sits beneath the bodhi tree and calls the Earth to witness his resistence to temptations and desires (’Mara’). The ‘Mara’ turn to flowers and fall around him
‘Amitabha Buddha’
Amitabha Buddha (or Amitayus Buddha) is the red Buddha of the West from the Five Buddha Mandala and represents love and compassion. His name means ‘ Infinite Light’. He was born as a monk called Dharmakara who, on attaining Buddhahood, created the ‘Pure Land’ where those devoted to him could be reborn
‘Avalokiteshvara’
Avalokiteshvara is the Bodhisattva of compassion. His name means ‘the lord who looks down’. He has a thousand arms and eleven heads so that he can see in all directions and give a hand to help all those who suffer. His mantra is ‘Om Mani Padme Hun’.
‘Rainbow Buddha’
‘Green Tara’
Green Tara is the Bodhisatta who is said to have been born from the tears of Avalokiteshvara. She is a protectress and is fearless and helpful in the time of danger. She symbolises compassion in action. Meditating on her brings insight.
‘Akshobya Buddha’
Akshobya is the blue Buddha of the East from the Five Buddha Mandala. His name means ‘imperturbable’ as he made a vow never to show anger to any being.
‘White Tara’
White Tara is the Bodhisattva of wisdom and compassion. Meditating on her is said bring longevity of life
‘Five Buddha Mandala’
This shows the five Buddhas of the five directions. Vairochana, the white Buddha, is in the centre. He is known as the ‘Illuminator’. The other Buddhas are Amoghasiddhi, Akshobya, Amitabha and Ratnasambhava.
‘Light of the Dhamma’
The ‘Dhamma'’ is the doctrine and practice of Buddhism. It is one of the ‘three jewels’, the other two being the Buddha and the Sangha
‘Many Buddhas’
‘Prajnaparamita’
Prajnaparamita is the Goddess of Wisdom. She is the embodiment of the ‘Perfection of Wisdom’ suttas.
‘Ratnasambhava Buddha’
Ratnasambhava is the golden yellow Buddha of the South. His name means ‘the jewel-born’. He is the Buddha of giving and gives to all equally.
‘Vajrasattva’
Vajrasattva is the Bodhisattva of mental purification.
‘Amoghasiddhi Buddha’
Amoghasiddhi is the green Buddha of the Northern direction. He is the all-accomplishing Buddha.
‘Peace To All Beings’
LESSON β 19
03 09 2010 FREE ONLINE eNΔlandΔ Research and Practice UNIVERSITY
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– Buddha
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Awakened One Shows the Path to Attain Ultimate Bliss
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Buddhaβs Sangha Practiced His Dhamma Free of cost, hence the Free- e-NΔlandΔ Research and Practice University follows suit
As the Original NΔlandΔ University did not offer any Degree, so also the Free e-NΔlandΔ Research and Practice University.
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These Four Noble Truths are the very Core of Buddhism…
1: This is Suffering!
Suffering is of three kinds:
a: Obvious suffering, which is any painful bodily feeling & any miserable mental feeling.
b: Suffering due to change includes also pleasant feeling as this indeed becomes quite
disappointing, when it, as it always do, changes, fades, goes away and finally vanishes.
c: Suffering due to construction is all that is conditioned and which thus later falls apart.
This also includes any object which induces a neutral neither-painful-nor-pleasant feeling.
This first Noble Truth of Suffering have to be fully understood in all aspects…
2: This Craving is the Cause of Suffering!
a: Craving for sensing various things. (Nice form, sound, smell, taste, touch, & mental state.)
b: Craving for becoming of various states. (ex: May I become rich, forever young, famous!)
c: Craving for non-becoming of various states. (ex: May I not die, not become sick & old!)
This Second Noble Truth on the Cause of Suffering have to be overcome & eliminated…
3: Absence of Craving is the End of Suffering!
a: Not craving any sensing as these fleeting stimuli are seen as gross & vanishing anyway …
b: Not craving for any form of becoming as all states - even divine - change & decay anyway…
c: Not craving any non-becoming, but accepting what have to come (ex: ageing, sickness, death)….
This Third Noble Truth on the End of Suffering have to be made real & ever present…
4: The Noble 8-Fold Way is the Method to End Suffering!
Which Noble 8-fold Way has to be developed in order to end all suffering?
Right View (sammΔ-ditthi)
Right Motivation (sammΔ-sankappa)
Right Speech (sammΔ-vΔcΔ)
Right Action (sammΔ-kammanta)
Right Livelihood (sammΔ-ΔjΔ«va)
Right Effort (sammΔ-vΔyΔma)
Right Awareness (sammΔ-sati)
Right Concentration (sammΔ-samΔdhi)
This Fourth Noble Truth on the Way to End Suffering has to be initiated and fully completed.
http://what-buddha-said.net/drops/II/The_1st_Noble_Truth_on_Suffering.htm
The First Noble Truth: This & such indeed is Suffering!!!
The blessed Buddha once said:
One should dwell reflecting on all phenomena as mental states in the light
of these Four Noble Truths. How does one do so?
Here, one sees, understands, and knows it as it verily is:
This and such is suffering! craving is the cause & origin of all suffering!
This absence of craving is the ceasing of all suffering!
This Noble 8-fold Way is the method to terminate all suffering!
And what, bhikkhus, is this 1st Noble Truth of Suffering?
Birth is suffering, ageing is suffering, decay is suffering, death is suffering,
sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and discontent are suffering, being joined
with any disliked is suffering, being separated from any liked is suffering, not
getting what one wants is suffering, & getting what one not wants is suffering,
in short, the five clusters of clinging are suffering …!!! …!!!
And what, bhikkhus, is birth?
In whatever being & group of individuality, there is birth, coming into being,
emergence, appearance, manifestation of the 5 clusters clusters of clinging,
development of the ability to sense, that, bhikkhus, is called birth…
And what, bhikkhus, is ageing?
In whatever being & group of individuality, there is ageing, decaying, broken
teeth, grey hair, wrinkled skin, shrinking & fading away, weakening of the
ability to sense, that, bhikkhus, is called ageing…
And what, bhikkhus, is death?
In whatever being & group of individuality, there is a passing away, cutting off, disappearance, death, dying, an ending, a breaking-up of the clusters, a loss of the body, a loss of the mind, that, bhikkhus, is called death…
And what, bhikkhus, is sorrow?
Whenever, by any kind of tragedy, anyone is feeling pain, sorrow, frustration,
distress, internal misery, or internal sadness, that bhikkhus, is called sorrow…
And what, bhikkhus, is lamentation?
Whenever, by any kind of misfortune, anyone is affected by something painful
and there is crying out, grieving, moaning, wailing and weeping, that, bhikkhus,
is called lamentation…
And what is pain?
Whatever bodily painful feeling, bodily unpleasant feeling, painful or unpleasant
feeling resulting from bodily contact, that, bhikkhus is called pain…
And what, bhikkhus, is sadness?
Whatever mental painful feeling, mental unpleasant feeling, painful or unpleasant sensation resulting from mental contact, that, bhikkhus, is called sadness…
And what, bhikkhus, is discontent?
Whenever, by any kind of anguish, anyone is affected by some disappointment,
dissatisfaction, discomfort, dismay, uneasiness, frustration, that, bhikkhus, is
called discontent…
And what bhikkhus, is being joined with the disliked?
Here whoever has unwanted, undesirable and disliked sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches or mental states, or whoever meets enemies wishing them unhappy insecurity, with whom they are forced into association, connection, dependence, grouping with, that, bhikkhus, is called being joined with the disliked…
And what is being separated from the liked?
Here whoever has what is wanted, liked, pleasant sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches or mental states, or whoever enjoys company of well-wishers of good, of comfort & security, mother or father, brother or sister, younger or elders,friends or colleagues, and then is loosing this company, connection, or union, that, bhikkhus is called being separated from the liked…
And what, bhikkhus, is not getting what one wants & getting what one not wants?
In beings subject to birth, ageing, decay, sickness & death, bhikkhus, this wish arises: Oh may we not meet any birth, ageing, decay, sickness & death. But such cannot be gained by naive wishing. In beings prone to sorrow lamentation, pain, sadness, stress & frustration this childish wish arises: Oh may we not be afflictedby any sorrow lamentation, pain, sadness, stress nor frustration, despite none such ever can be won by mere wishing. That is not getting what one wants while getting what one not wants…
And what, bhikkhus, in brevity, are the five clusters of clusters of clinging?
The five clusters of clusters of clinging are as follows:
The cluster of clinging to form,
The cluster of clinging to feeling,
The cluster of clinging to perception,
The cluster of clinging to mental constructions,
The cluster of clinging to kinds of consciousness.
These are, in short, the five clusters of clusters of clinging, that are suffering.
And that, bhikkhus, is called the 1st Noble Truth of Suffering…
More on 1st Noble Truth: This is Suffering:
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Samsaric_Dread.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Devoured_by_Delight.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Sour_Sense_Sources.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/The_Samsaric_Round.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/The_3_Divine_Messages.htm
Source (edited extract):
The Long Speeches of the Buddha. Digha NikΔya. Book II [308-]
Thread: The Foundations of Awareness. MahΔsatipatthΔna Sutta 22.
http://www.pariyatti.com/book.cgi?prod_id=251033
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/canon/digha/index.html
http://what-buddha-said.net/drops/II/The_2nd_Noble_Truth_on_The_Cause_of_Suffering.htm
The Second Noble Truth: craving is the Cause of Suffering!!!
The blessed Buddha once said:
One should dwell reflecting on all phenomena as mental states in the light
of these Four Noble Truths. How does one do so?
Here, one sees, understands, and knows this as it verily is:
This and such is suffering!
This craving is the cause & origin of all suffering!
This absence of craving is the ceasing of all suffering!
This Noble 8-fold Way is the method to eradicate all suffering!
And what, monks, is the 2nd Noble Truth on the Cause of Suffering?
It is that craving, which gives rise to rebirth, drenched with lust and greed,
finding fresh attraction first here, then there: that is to say sensual craving,
craving for becoming into existence, & craving for non-becoming into existence.
And where does this craving arise and manifest itself?
Wherever in the world there is anything attractive and pleasant, it is right there and right then, on the very spot, that this craving arises and manifests itself…
And what is there in this world, that is attractive and pleasant?
The eye, in this world, is attractive and pleasant, the ear, the nose, the tongue, the body, the mind is attractive and pleasant, and there this craving arises and puts down its roots. Sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches, and mental states are attractive and amusing, and there this craving emerges & establishes itself. Eye-consciousness, ear-consciousness, nose-consciousness, tongue-consciousness, body-consciousness, mental-consciousness in this world is attractive & alluring, and there this craving come up and implants itself. Eye-contact, ear-contact, nose-contact, tongue-contact, body-contact, mental-contact in this world is attractive and tempting, and there this craving begins and reveals itself. Any feeling born of eye-contact, ear-contact, nose-contact, tongue- contact, body-contact, mind-contact in the world is appealing & fascinating, and right there this craving occurs and installs itself. The perception and experience of any sights, sounds, smells, tastes, tangibles, & thoughts is quite interesting and captivating, and there this craving arises & imbibes itself. Intention, wishing, wanting and hoping for certain sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches, thoughts, ideas and mental states is enthralling & intriguing, and there this craving arises and substantiates itself. The craving itself, the drive, push & rush for various sights, sounds, smells, tastes, tangibles, & many mental-objects in this world is attractive and seductive, and there this craving also arises & consolidates itself. Thinking of any sights, sounds, smells, tastes, tangibles, and mental-objects in this world is attractive & tantalizing, thus this craving arises & manifests itself.
Prolonged pondering on certain sights, sounds, smells, tastes, tangibles and the
manifold diversity of mental objects in this world is attractive and enticing,and there this craving also arises and manifests, establishes and enhances itself… And that, bhikkhus, is called the 2nd Noble Truth on the Cause of Suffering…
More on the 2nd Noble Truth: Craving of the Cause of Suffering!
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/II/Cut_Craving.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/III/Craving_is_Pain.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Craving_is_Cause.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/How_to_cure_Greed.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Origin_of_Suffering.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Craving_is_Catastrophic.htm
Source (edited extract):
The Long Speeches of the Buddha. Digha NikΔya. Book II [306-314]
Thread: The Foundations of Awareness. MahΔsatipatthΔna Sutta 22.
http://www.pariyatti.com/book.cgi?prod_id=251033
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/canon/digha/index.html
http://what-buddha-said.net/drops/II/The_3rd_Noble_Truth_on_The_Ceasing_of_Suffering.htm
The Third Noble Truth: Cessation of Craving Stops Suffering!!!
The blessed Buddha once said:
One should dwell reflecting on all phenomena as mental states in the light s
of these Four Noble Truths. How does one do so?
Here, one sees, understands, and knows this as it verily is:
This and such is suffering!
This craving is the cause & origin of all suffering!
This absence of craving is the ceasing of all suffering!
This Noble 8-fold Way is the method to eradicate all suffering!
And what, monks, is the 3rd Noble Truth on the ceasing of Suffering?
It is the complete fading away, ceasing, elimination, & eradication of all craving.It is the relinquishing release from craving, the detaching liberation from craving.And how is such freeing removal of craving, how is such ceasing of craving gained? Wherever in the world there is anything attractive and pleasant, it is right there and right then, on the spot, that this craving is deliberately left behind & ceases…And what is there in this world, that is attractive and pleasant?The eye, in this world, is attractive and pleasant, the ear, the nose, the tongue, the body, the mind is attractive and pleasant, and there this craving ceases and gradually fades away. Sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches, and mental states are attractive & amusing, & there this craving ceases & bit by bit comes to an end. Eye-consciousness, ear-consciousness, nose-consciousness, tongue-consciousness, body-consciousness, mental-consciousness in this world is attractive & alluring, and there this craving ceases and finally finish. All Eye-contact, ear-contact, nose-contact, tongue-contact, body-contact, mental-contact in this world is attractive and tempting, and there this craving ceases and slowly leave off. Any feeling born of eye-contact, ear-contact, nose-contact, tongue- contact, body-contact, mind-contact in the world is appealing & fascinating, and right there this craving ceases and steadily die away. The perception and experience of any sights, sounds, smells, tastes, tangibles, & thoughts is quite interesting and captivating, and there this craving ceases & grows dim.Intention,wishing, wanting and hoping for certain sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches, thoughts, ideas and mental states is enthralling & intriguing, and there this craving ceases and dissolves itself. The craving itself, the drive, push & rush for various sights, sounds, smells, tastes, tangibles, & many mental-objects in this world is attractive and seductive, and there this craving also ceases & progressively eliminates itself. Thinking of any sights, sounds, smells, tastes, tangibles, and mental-objects in thisworld is attractive & tantalizing, there this craving ceases & falls off drop by drop.Prolonged pondering on certain sights, sounds, smells, tastes, tangibles & the manifold
diversity of mental objects in this world is attractive & enticing, & there this craving also fades away, is stilled, ceases, & is finally all eliminated…
And that, bhikkhus, is called the 3rd Noble Truth on the ceasing of Suffering…
More on the 3rd Noble Truth: The End of all Suffering!
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Ceasing_of_Suffering.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Stilling_of_Clinging.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/The_Signless_Nibbana.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Nibbana_True_Peace.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/II/Peace.htm
Source (edited extract):
The Long Speeches of the Buddha. Digha NikΔya. Book II [306-314]
Thread: The Foundations of Awareness. MahΔsatipatthΔna Sutta 22.
http://www.pariyatti.com/book.cgi?prod_id=251033
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/canon/digha/index.html
http://what-buddha-said.net/drops/II/The_3rd_Noble_Truth_on_The_Ceasing_of_Suffering.htm
The Third Noble Truth: Cessation of Craving Stops Suffering!!!
The blessed Buddha once said:
One should dwell reflecting on all phenomena as mental states in the light s
of these Four Noble Truths. How does one do so?
Here, one sees, understands, and knows this as it verily is:
This and such is suffering!
This craving is the cause & origin of all suffering!
This absence of craving is the ceasing of all suffering!
This Noble 8-fold Way is the method to eradicate all suffering!
And what, monks, is the 3rd Noble Truth on the ceasing of Suffering?
It is the complete fading away, ceasing, elimination, & eradication of all craving.It is the relinquishing release from craving, the detaching liberation from craving.And how is such freeing removal of craving, how is such ceasing of craving gained? Wherever in the world there is anything attractive and pleasant, it is right there and right then, on the spot, that this craving is deliberately left behind & ceases…And what is there in this world, that is attractive and pleasant?The eye, in this world, is attractive and pleasant, the ear, the nose, the tongue, the body, the mind is attractive and pleasant, and there this craving ceases and gradually fades away. Sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches, and mental states are attractive & amusing, & there this craving ceases & bit by bit comes to an end. Eye-consciousness, ear-consciousness, nose-consciousness, tongue-consciousness, body-consciousness, mental-consciousness in this world is attractive & alluring, and there this craving ceases and finally finish. All Eye-contact, ear-contact, nose-contact, tongue-contact, body-contact, mental-contact in this world is attractive and tempting, and there this craving ceases and slowly leave off. Any feeling born of eye-contact, ear-contact, nose-contact, tongue- contact, body-contact, mind-contact in the world is appealing & fascinating, and right there this craving ceases and steadily die away. The perception and experience of any sights, sounds, smells, tastes, tangibles, & thoughts is quite interesting and captivating, and there this craving ceases & grows dim. Intention, wishing,
wanting and hoping for certain sights, sounds, smells,tastes,touches,thoughts,
ideas and mental states is enthralling & intriguing, and there this craving ceases and dissolves itself. The craving itself, the drive, push & rush for various sights, sounds, smells, tastes, tangibles, & many mental-objects in this world is attractive and seductive, and there this craving also ceases & progressively eliminates itself. Thinking of any sights, sounds, smells, tastes, tangibles, and mental-objects in thisworld is attractive & tantalizing, there this craving ceases & falls off drop by drop.Prolonged pondering on certain sights, sounds, smells, tastes, tangibles & the manifold diversity of mental objects in this world is attractive & enticing, & there this craving
also fades away, is stilled, ceases, & is finally all eliminated… And that, bhikkhus, is called the 3rd Noble Truth on the ceasing of Suffering…
More on the 3rd Noble Truth: The End of all Suffering!
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Ceasing_of_Suffering.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Stilling_of_Clinging.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/The_Signless_Nibbana.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Nibbana_True_Peace.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/II/Peace.htm
Source (edited extract):
The Long Speeches of the Buddha. Digha NikΔya. Book II [306-314]
Thread: The Foundations of Awareness. MahΔsatipatthΔna Sutta 22.
http://www.pariyatti.com/book.cgi?prod_id=251033
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/canon/digha/index.html
http://what-buddha-said.net/drops/II/The_4th_Noble_Truth_on_The_Way_to_Cease_Suffering.htm
The Fourth Noble Truth: The Noble 8-fold Way ceases Suffering!!!
The blessed Buddha once said:
One should dwell reflecting on all phenomena as mental states in the light of these
Four Noble Truths. How does one do so? Here, one sees, understands, and knows this
as it verily and really is:
This is suffering!
Craving is causing all this suffering!
Absence of craving ceases all suffering!
This Noble 8-fold Way is the method to cease all suffering!
And what, bhikkhus & friends, is this Noble Truth of the Way to Cease all Suffering?
It is just this Noble 8-fold Way, namely:
Right View (sammΔ-ditthi)
Right Motivation (sammΔ-sankappa)
Right Speech (sammΔ-vΔcΔ)
Right Action (sammΔ-kammanta)
Right Livelihood (sammΔ-ΔjΔ«va)
Right Effort (sammΔ-vΔyΔma)
Right Awareness (sammΔ-sati)
Right Concentration (sammΔ-samΔdhi)
And what, bhikkhus & friends, is Right View?
It is, bhikkhus & friends, knowing such is suffering, such is the cause of suffering,
knowing such is the ceasing of suffering, and knowing such is the way leading to the
cessation of suffering. This is called Right View…
And what, bhikkhus & friends, is Right Motivation?
Being motivated by withdrawal, by good-will, and being motivated by utter harmlessness.
This, bhikkhus & friends, is called Right Motivation…
And what, bhikkhus & friends, is Right Speech?
Refraining from any lying, from slandering, from scolding, & refraining from empty gossip.
This is called Right Speech…
And what, bhikkhus & friends, is Right Action?
Refraining from all killing, from all stealing & cheating, and avoiding all sexual misconduct.
This is called Right Action…
And what, bhikkhus & friends, is Right Livelihood?
Here, bhikkhus & friends, the Noble Disciple, having given up wrong livelihood, lives by right livelihood. This is called Right Livelihood…
And what, bhikkhus & friends, is Right Effort?
Here, bhikkhus & friends, one makes a decision, makes an effort, stirs up energy, exerts the mind and strives to prevent the arising of unarisen evil disadvantageous mental states.
One makes a decision…and strives to overcome any evil disadvantageous mental state that already have arisen. One makes a decision… and strives to develop unarisen advantageous mental states. One makes a decision, makes an effort, stirs up energy, exerts the mind and strives to maintain any advantageous mental states that already have arisen, not letting them fade away, growing them greater, to the fulfilled perfection of development.
This is called Right Effort…
And what, bhikkhus & friends, is Right Awareness?
Here, bhikkhus & friends, a monk dwells considering the body as a group of mere form, alert, clearly comprehending & aware, thereby putting aside worldly urge and trouble…One dwells considering feelings just as assigned passing mental responses, alert, clearly comprehending and aware, thereby putting aside much worldly urge and troubles…One dwells considering mind & mentality just as ever changing moods, alert, clearly comprehending and aware, thereby putting aside more worldly urge and trouble…One dwells considering all phenomena only as always shifting mental states, alert, clearly comprehending and aware, thereby putting aside all worldly urge & trouble…. This is called Right Awareness…
And what, bhikkhus & friends, is Right Concentration?
Here, secluded from sensual desires, protected from any detrimental mental state,
one enters & dwells in the 1st jhana; full of Joy & pleasure born of solitude, joined
with directed & sustained thought. Again, with the stilling of directed & sustained thought, one enters & dwells in the 2nd jhana, calmed and assured unification of mind, in Joy & pleasure now born of aconcentration, which is devoid of any thought!
Again, friends, with the fading away of joy, one dwells in equanimity, just aware & clearly comprehending, still feeling pleasure in the body, one enters upon & remains in the 3rd jhana, regarding which the Noble Ones declare: ‘In aware Equanimity one dwells in pleasure!’ Again, friends, with the leaving behind of both pleasure and pain, & with the prior fading away of both Joy & sorrow, one enters & dwells in the 4th jhana; a serene mental state of still, open and clear awareness, purified by the Equanimity of neither-pain-nor-pleasure!This is called Right Concentration…
And that, bhikkhus & friends, is called the Way leading all to the Ceasing of Suffering…
Further study on the Noble 8-fold Way:
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/II/The_Way.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/II/Middle_Way.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/II/Fulfilled_First_.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/Noble_8_fold_Way.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/The_3-fold_Way.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/II/Failed_by_Neglect.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/The_Noble_8-Fold_Way.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/Fruits_of_the_Noble_Way.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/II/The_4th_Noble_Truth_on_The_Way_to_Cease_Suffering.htm
Source (edited extract):
The Long Speeches of the Buddha. Digha NikΔya. Book II [306-314]
Thread: The Foundations of Awareness. MahΔsatipatthΔna Sutta 22.
http://www.pariyatti.com/book.cgi?prod_id=251033
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/canon/digha/index.html
http://what-buddha-said.net/drops/What_is_Right_View.htm
What is this Crucial Right View?
The Noble Eightfold Way, leading to NibbΔna, is simply this:
Right View
Right Motivation
Right Speech
Right Action
Right Livelihood
Right Effort
Right Awareness
Right Concentration
But what is Right View ?
Right View of Ownership of Kamma:
All beings are owners of their kamma, inherit their kamma,
are born of their kamma, are created by their kamma, are
linked to their kamma and any intentional action (=kamma)
they do, whether good or bad, the effects of that will be
theirs only, following them like a shadow, that never leaves…
This is Right View!
Right View of the Ten Phenomena:
Giving alms has good effects, any self-sacrifice results in pleasure,
small gifts are also beneficial. There is resulting fruition thus of any
good and any bad behaviour. There is moral efficacy of any relation
to mother and father. There is this world and there are other worlds.
There are beings who are spontaneously and instantaneously born.
There exist good and pure recluses and priests in this world, who
having followed the right method of practice, themselves by their
own supra-human abilities, have directly experienced the other worlds
and who explain them and thereby make them known here…
This is Right View!
Right View of the Four Noble Truths:
Right view of this is Suffering…
Right view of Craving is the Cause of Suffering…
Right view of No Craving is the End of Suffering…
Right view of the Noble 8-fold Way leads to the end of Suffering…
This is Right View!
More on Right View (SammΔ-ditthΔ«):
Advanced Right View, The_Sun, Certain_Rightness
Further study:
Majjhima NikΔya 9. SammΔ-ditthΔ« Sutta: The Discourse on Right View:
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/canon/sutta/majjhima/mn009.html
Right View…
http://what-buddha-said.net/drops/What_is_Right_Motivation.htm
What is this Vital Right Motivation?
The Noble 8-fold Way, leading to NibbΔna, is simply this:
Right View
Right Motivation
Right Speech
Right Action
Right Livelihood
Right Effort
Right Awareness
Right Concentration
But what is Right Motivation?
Right Motivation is Triple:
1: The Motivation for Withdrawal is:
Being motivated by a general absence of greed, craving, and desire!
Being motivated by generous giving relinquishing all possessiveness.
Being motivated by detachment from the five sense-desires of urge
for alluring and tempting sights, sounds, smells, tastes and touches…
Being motivated by cutting attachment to the 5 clusters of clinging
to forms, feelings, perceptions, constructions and consciousness…
Such radical renunciation is Right Motivation!
2: The Motivation for Non-Ill-Will = Friendly Goodwill is:
Being motivated by universal friendliness, infinite goodwill, care,
non-anger, hatelessness and a sympathy wishing and working for all
sentient beings’ happiness, content, comfort, benefit and welfare…
Such gentle kindness is Right Motivation!
3: The Motivation for Non-Violence = Harmlessness is:
Being motivated by absolute non-violence, absence of cruelty, and by
compassionate pity, thereby offering all sentient beings guaranteed
safety and protection from any evil, painful, bad or wrong treatment…
Such giving of protective fearlessness to all is Right Motivation!
The opposites of these advantageous intentions areWrong Motivation…
More on Right Motivation (SammΔ-Sankappa):
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/V/Sincere_Motivation.htm
Further study:
Majjhima NikΔya 117. Maha-cattarisaka Sutta: The Discourse on The Great Forty:
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/canon/sutta/majjhima/mn117.html
Right Motivation!
http://what-buddha-said.net/drops/What_is_Right_Speech.htm
What is this imperative Right Speech ?
The Noble Eightfold Way, leading to NibbΔna, is simply this:
Right View, Right Motivation, Right Speech, Right Action, Right
Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Awareness, & Right Concentration.
But what is Right Speech ?
The 4-fold Definition of Right Speech:
1: Avoiding lying and any false speech…
2: Abstaining from every divisive talk…
3: Refraining from all angry scolding…
4: Stilling of any idle & empty gossiping…
That is Right Speech!
The Characterization of Noble Speech:
Eliminating any false speech any Noble Friend dwells avoiding
all lies, a truth-speaker, one to be relied on, trustworthy, loyal,
not a deceiver of the world. Abstaining from malicious speech,
he does not tell them there, what he has heard about those here,
or repeat here, what he heard there, harming those there. Thus is
he a reconciler of those in conflict & a diplomat ending quarrels.
The Noble Friend is rejoicing in peace, loving it, delighting in it,
one who defends peace. Abandoning all harsh & aggressive speech
he refrains from it. He speaks whatever is blameless and pleasing
to the ear, agreeable, touching the heart, elegant, gratifying and
appealing to the many. Discarding idle & empty chatter, he speaks
at the right time & only about what is correct, advantageous and to
the point, of Dhamma and Self-Control. He is a speaker, whose words
are to be treasured, timely, reasoned, well-defined, well-formulated,
beneficial and leading to the goal… This is Right Speech!
Buddha once noted:
Man us born with an axe in his mouth, whereby he cuts himself down!
The Ten Advantageous Subjects:
Talk on the Modesty of having few wants,
Talk on the Bliss of Contentment,
Talk on the Joy of Seclusion,
Talk on the Ease of Disentanglement,
Talk on the Energy of Enthusiasm,
Talk on the Advantage of Morality,
Talk on the Calm of Concentration,
Talk on the Insight of Understanding,
Talk on the Freedom of Release,
Talk on the Direct Knowledge and Vision of Release …
Such is Right Speech!
The many kinds of Pointless Talk:
Such as talk on kings, robbers, ministers, armies, dangers, wars,
foods, drinks, clothing, furniture, jewelry, cosmetics, relatives,
vehicles, villages, towns, cities, countries, women, heroes, places,
amusements, the dead, trifles, the origin of the world, the origin
of the sea, whether metaphysical things are so or are not so…
Such talk is pointless, irrelevant, detrimental, empty of any good…
Knowing right & wrong speech as right & wrong speech, is right view.
Awareness of presence of right & wrong speech, is right awareness.
Exchanging wrong speech with right speech, is right effort…
More on Right Speech (SammΔ VΔcΔ):
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/ptf/samma-vaca.html
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Not_Splitting.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Not_Scolding.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Not_Deceiving.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Not_Gossiping.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/What_is_Right_Speech.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Fourfold_Right_Speech.htm
http://what-buddha-said.net/drops/What_is_Right_Action.htm
What is this essential Right Action ?
The Noble Eightfold Way, leading to NibbΔna, is simply this:
Right View, Right Motivation, Right Speech, Right Action,
Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Awareness and
Right Concentration. But what is Right Action?
The 3-fold Definition of Right Action:
1: Avoiding all killing and harming of any living being…
2: Abstaining from taking and thus stealing what is not given…
3: Stopping all adultery and all abuse of any sense-pleasure…
That is Right Action!
The Characterization of Right Action. The blessed Buddha said:
Friends, it is caused by behaviour in conflict with the Dhamma,
by reason of immoral behaviour, that some beings here, right at
the breakup of the body, after death, reappear lost in states of
pain, in an unhappy destination, in the downfall, even in the hells…
It is caused by behaviour in harmony with the Dhamma, by reason
of moral behaviour, that some beings here, on the breakup of the
body, right after death, reappear in a happy destination, even in
the divine worlds!!! And which, friends, are the 3 kinds of bodily
moral behaviour in harmony with the Dhamma?
Here someone, stop all killing of living beings, abstains from injuring
living beings; with rod & weapon laid aside, gentle and kind, such one
dwells sympathetic towards all living beings.
Avoiding the taking of what is not given, one refrains from stealing,
what is not freely give. One does not take by way of theft the wealth
and property of others, neither in the village nor in the forest.
Abandoning abuse of sensual pleasures, such one gives up misuse in
sensual pleasures. One does not have intercourse with partners, who
are protected by their mother, or father, or mother and father, or
brother, or sister, or relatives, who is married, betrothed to another,
who are protected by law, in prison, or who are engaged to other side.
That is how there are three kinds of bodily moral behaviour in harmony
with the Dhamma… Such is Right Action!
Explanation:
Primary of these is the ending of intentional killing or destroying of
other beings either by physical action or by verbal incitement, ranging
from killing eggs of lice and bugs, or causing abortion, to any slaughter
of living creatures, including human beings.
Restraint from taking, what is not given, means abstaining from taking,
with intention to steal, living beings or non-living articles, which have
an owner. Removing or appropriating them, without owner’s consent,
either by physical effort or by inciting another to do so.
Restraint from wrong behaviour in sensual pleasures means abstention
from any kind of sex, which will cause pain and suffering to others.
Examples will be adultery, since this causes the disruption of marriage,
rape, intercourse with minors protected by parents, and perversion of
others. Included here also are abstention from use of booze, drugs
and any kinds of intoxicants, which causes carelessness, and gambling
with cards, dice, on horses, teams etc.
Knowing right and wrong action as right and wrong action, is right view.
Awareness of presence of right and wrong action, is right awareness.
Exchanging wrong action with right action, is right effort…
The factors of the Noble 8-fold way mutually enhance each other!
Any intentional action - good as bad - determines whether the future
will be pleasant or painful…
Further study of Buddhist Right Action (SammΔ-Kammanta):
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/ptf/samma-kammanto.html
http://what-buddha-said.net/drops/V/Action_Determines.htm
Right Action!
http://what-buddha-said.net/drops/What_is_Right_Livelihood.htm
What is this critical Right Livelihood?
The Noble Eightfold Way, leading to NibbΔna, is simply this:
Right View, Right Motivation, Right Speech, Right Action,
Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Awareness and
Right Concentration. But what is Right Livelihood?
The 5-fold Definition of Right Livelihood:
1: Earning a living not by trading with Living Beings.
2: Earning a living not by selling Meat, Fish or Flesh.
3: Earning a living not by selling Weapons.
4: Earning a living not by dealing in Alcohol or Drugs .
5: Earning a living not by selling any form of Poison.
That is Right Livelihood!
The Characterization of Right Livelihood:
Any livelihood that neither involves any killing, injuring, harming nor any
imprisoning of any living being, nor stealing, taking what is not given,
cheating, any bribery or corruption, or lying, or false deceiving, tricks, or
use of false measures and weights, neither sensual nor sexual abuse,
neither use or selling of alcohol, nor intoxicating illegal drugs, that causes
carelessness, neither by oneself, nor by getting other employees to do so,
such is Right Livelihood!
The Explanation of Right Livelihood for Buddhist Monks and Nuns:
Neither living nor receiving food by astrology, soothsaying, prediction of future
events, nor by palmistry, geomancy, dream-reading, charms and spells, or fake
divination, nor by any rituals, running errands, or messages, flattering, arranging
marriages, funerals or divorces, medical praxis, or by producing art or poetry, or
by disputation or debate, this is Right Livelihood!
Knowing right and wrong Livelihood as right and wrong Livelihood, is Right View.
Awareness of presence of right and wrong Livelihood, is Right Awareness.
Exchanging wrong Livelihood with right Livelihood, is Right Effort…
Further study of Buddhist Right Livelihood (Samma-Ajiva):
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/ptf/samma-ajivo.html
Right Livelihood!
http://what-buddha-said.net/drops/What_is_Right_Effort.htm
Right Effort!
What is this vital Right Effort?
That Noble Eightfold Way, leading to NibbΔna, is simply this:
Right View, Right Motivation, Right Speech, Right Action, Right Livelihood,
Right Effort, Right Awareness and Right Concentration.
But what is Right Effort?The 4-fold Definition of Right Effort:
1: The effort to overcome already present disadvantageous mental states..
2: The effort to prevent future
3: The effort to begin developing so far absent advantageous mental states..
4: The effort to maintain and perfect already arisen advantageous mental states..
This is Right Effort!
The Characterization of Right Effort:
Striving for replacing wrong view with right view, is Right Effort!
Striving for replacing wrong motivation with right motivation, is Right Effort!
Striving for replacing wrong speech with right speech, is Right Effort!
Striving for replacing wrong action with right action, is Right Effort!
Striving for replacing wrong livelihood with right livelihood, is Right Effort!
Striving for replacing wrong effort with right effort, is Right Effort!
Striving for replacing wrong awareness with right awareness, is Right Effort!
Striving for replacing wrong concentration w. right concentration, is Right Effort!
The Explanation of the 4 Right Efforts:
The 4 right efforts are 1: Control 2: Overcoming 3: Development 4: Maintenance!
What is the effort of control? When seeing an object with the eye, one neither
grasps after the whole object, nor any of its details, thereby one strives well to
prevent bad, detrimental states, such as longing and misery, to flood in on one!
One guards and controls the sense of sight and do similarly with the other senses.
What is the effort of overcoming? One does not accept any lust, hate or anger,
that has arisen, but leaves it instantly, dispels it, destroys it, and makes it vanish.
What is the effort of development? One develops the enlightenment-factor of
awareness, of investigation, of energy, of joy, of tranquillity, of concentration,
and the enlightenment-factor of equanimity based on solitude, seclusion, and
ceasing, which is leading to maturity and culmination of spiritual self-surrender.
What is the effort of maintenance? One dominated by desire maintains firmly
in his mind a favourable object of concentration, such as a skeleton, or a corpse
that is full of worms, bluish-black, full of holes, and bloated, while one dominated
by anger maintains firmly in his mind a favourable object of concentration, such
as infinite friendliness, universal pity, mutual joy or well balanced equanimity…
Thus knowing right and wrong effort as right and wrong effort, is Right View.
Awareness of presence of right and wrong effort, is Right Awareness.
Right effort has the function of striving, exertion and endurance…
Keep on keeping on! Never give up! Always Come again!
http://what-buddha-said.net/drops/What_is_Right_Awareness.htm
What is this Fundamental Right Awareness?
That Noble Eightfold Way, leading to NibbΔna, is simply this:
Right View, Right Motivation, Right Speech, Right Action, Right Livelihood,
Right Effort, Right Awareness and Right Concentration.
But what is Right Awareness?
The 4-fold Definition of Right Awareness:
1: Awareness of the Body merely as a transient and compounded Form..
2: Awareness of Feelings just as conditioned emotional Responses..
3: Awareness of Mind only as habituated and temporary Moods..
4: Awareness of Phenomena only as constructed Mental States..
Right Awareness is of these 4, while being alert, & clearly comprehending,
will put away longing towards and aversion against anything in this world!
The Characterization of Right Awareness:
Awareness of wrong view or right view present now, is Right Awareness!
Awareness of wrong motivation or right motivation, is Right Awareness!
Awareness of wrong speech or right speech now, is Right Awareness!
Awareness of wrong action or right action, is Right Awareness!
Awareness of wrong livelihood or right livelihood, is Right Awareness!
Awareness of wrong effort or right effort, is Right Awareness!
Awareness of wrong awareness or right awareness, is Right Awareness!
Awareness of wrong or right concentration now, is Right Awareness!
The Explanation of Acute Awareness and Clear Comprehension:
When inhaling & exhaling long, one notices and is fully aware of just that..
When inhaling & exhaling short, one notices & is fully aware of just that..
One trains: I will breathe in-&-out clearly comprehending the entire body.
One trains: I will breathe in-&-out calming the breath & all bodily activity.
When walking, one notices and clearly comprehends, that one is walking.
When standing, one notices and clearly comprehends, that one is standing.
When sitting, one notices & clearly comprehends, that one is sitting down.
When lying down, one notices & clearly comprehends, that one is lying.
Going forward one notices & clearly comprehends, this going forward.
When returning one notices and clearly comprehends, this returning.
When looking in front or back, one notices, & is clearly aware of that.
When bending or stretching, when lifting or carrying, when eating or
drinking, chewing or tasting, one is aware of and comprehends just that.
When passing excrement or urine one clearly comprehends exactly that.
While falling asleep and waking up, when speaking or keeping silence,
one notices, knows and understands exactly that & clearly comprehends,
that this is, what one is doing just right here and exactly now…
Continuous awareness of purpose, suitability, domain and nature of one’s
current behaviour, whether mental, verbal or bodily is Right Awareness
and clear comprehension…
The Function of Right Awareness and its associates:
Knowing right/wrong awareness as right/wrong awareness, is right view.
Exchanging wrong awareness with right awareness is right effort.
Right awareness has the function of observing, noticing, remembering &
knowing the reality that neither any body, nor any form, nor any feeling,
nor any mentality, nor any phenomena, nor any mental state is happiness,
truly attractive, lasting, satisfying or even personal, something keepable…
All phenomena are momentary: They pass away right after the moment of
their arising and occurrence! Nothing is permanent, everything is in a state
of flux: Arising and ceasing, emerging and vanishing, coming and going,
again and again and again and again and ever again…!!! Anicca = Change…
The Blessed Buddha once said:
Friends, this is the only direct way to the mental purification of beings,
to the overcoming & elimination of sorrow, frustration, pain and misery,
to gaining the right method, to the realization of NibbΔna, that is:
This establishing of the 4 Foundations of Awareness…
The 4 frames of reference…
Awareness is therefore a Mountain of Advantage!
Take Home: The 4 Foundations of Right Awareness are:
1: Being aware of the BODY as a mere transient form.
2: Being aware of the FEELING as a mere reactive response.
3: Being aware of the MIND as a mere passing set of moods.
4: Being aware of the PHENOMENON as a mere mental state.
Further study of Buddhist Right Awareness (SammΔ-Sati):
Root texts by the Buddha:
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/sn/index.html#satipatthana
Studies, anthologies and commentaries:
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/ptf/samma-sati.html
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/bps/misc/wayof.html
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/bps/wheels/wheel370.html
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/bps/wheels/wheel019.html
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/thanissaro/wings/part2.html#part2-a
Complete reference on Satipatthana: The Direct Path to Realization:
http://www.pariyatti.com/book.cgi?prod_id=209540
For further study on the illuminating presence of Awareness:
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/Sati_Studies.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/Causes_of_sati.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/III/Sati_Summary.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Sati_in_Solitude.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/III/Awareness_Sati.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/Clear_Comprehension.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/III/Noble_Awareness.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/III/One_and_only_Way.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/III/Feeding_Awareness.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/III/Awareness_Analysis.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/IV/Sati_a_la_Anuruddha.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/What_is_Right_Awareness.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/II/Careful_and_Rational_Attention.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/III/Clear_and_Aware_Comprehension.htm
Right Awareness!
http://what-buddha-said.net/drops/III/Concentration_Samadhi.htm
What is the Concentration Link to Awakening?
Fixed Focus is the characteristic of the Concentration Link to Awakening
(SamΔdhi-Sambojjhanga). Ceasing of distraction, disturbance, diversion,
agitation, mental instability and wavering is the purpose of the quality of
Concentration (SamΔdhi). Incisive certainty is the manifestation of the
Concentration Link to Awakening. This stability enables breakthrough
to Understanding! Some concentration is present in all consciousness.
Training anchoring of attention on only 1 object condenses this focus.
The proximate cause of Concentration is Happiness!
The resulting effect of Concentration is Knowledge & Vision!
Concentration comes in increasing grades of intensity:
1: Momentary concentration with few seconds of one-pointedness.
2: Preparatory concentration of longer yet still unstable quality.
3: Access concentration approaching the 1st jhana absorption.
4: Absorption concentration with fixed mental one-pointedness.
Fourfold is the blessing of Concentration:
1: Sublime Happiness here & now through the 4 absorptions.
2: Assured Knowledge & True Vision of things as they really are.
3: Awareness & Clear Comprehension of all transient phenomena.
4: Ceasing of all mental fermentation by absence of clinging. D33
The Buddha once said: What mental fermentations (Δsava) should be
overcome by development? If a Bhikkhu by careful & rational attention
develops the Concentration Link to Awakening based on seclusion, based
on disillusion, based on ceasing, culminating in renouncing relinquishment,
then neither can mental fermentation, nor any fever, nor any discontent
ever arise in him. MN2 [i 11]
In one whose body is calm and who enjoys a pleasurable happiness the
mind becomes concentrated. The Concentration Link to Awakening
arises right there. He develops it, and for him repeatedly meditating
it goes gradually to the culmination of its development. MN118 [iii 85]
Further inspirations on the condensing quality of Concentration:
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/III/Feeding_Concentration.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/What_is_Right_Concentration.htm
http://What-Buddha-Said.net/drops/Requisites_for_Jhana_Absorption.htm
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