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Kushinara NIBBΔ€NA Bhumi Pagoda White Home, Puniya Bhumi Bengaluru, Prabuddha Bharat International.
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Filed under: General, Theravada Tipitaka , Plant raw Vegan Broccoli, peppers, cucumbers, carrots
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π“›π“”π“’π“’π“žπ“ 4153 Tue 16 Nov 2021
Do Good Purify Mind - Path to Eternal Bliss

πŸ™


Thank you very much Sindia ji.
May be a black-and-white image of 2 people and people standing
As per the wishes of Late Shri. Jagadhale Ji let us create as many swimming πŸŠβ€β™‚οΈ pools as possible in entire Karnataka.

http://www.buddhanet.net/dhammapada/d_flower.htm



Verse 45. The Seeker Understands

One Trained will comprehend this earth,
the world of Yama, and the gods,
One Trained discern the well-taught Dhamma
as one who’s skilled selects a flower.

Explanation: In the previous stanza the question was raised
as to who will penetrate the well-articulated doctrine? The present
stanza provides the answer: the student, the learner, the seeker,
the person who is disciplined. He or she will perceive the doctrine,
like the expert garland-maker who recognizes and arranges flowers.
It is the learner, the seeker, the student who will perceive the world
of Yama, the realm of heavenly beings and existence on earth. He will
discard and determine the various areas of the doctrine, life a deft
garland-maker who plucks and arranges the flowers into garlands.




Verse 46. Who Conquers Death?

Having known this froth-like body
and awakening to its mirage nature,
smashing Mara’s flowered shafts
unseen beyond the Death-king go.

Explanation: This body of ours is like froth, bubbles, or
foam. It disintegrates quickly. The nature of life is like a mirage,
an illusion. Therefore, one must give up these unrealities. To achieve
that one must destroy Mara’s flower-arrows by which he tempts
men and women. It is necessary that the truth-seeker should go beyond
Mara’s region, to areas unseen by him. Mara knows only the realm
of death. The truth seeker goes beyond that region to the β€˜deathless’
(Nibbana) - a domain Mara has never seen.




Verse 47. Pleasure Seeker Is Swept Away

For one who has a clinging mind
and gathers only pleasure-flowers,
Death does seize and carry away
as great flood a sleeping village.

Explanation: Those men and women , fascinated by worldly things,
go about seeking pleasure, like a garland-maker picking the flowers
of his choice in a garden. But, gradually and silently, death overcomes
them like a flood in the night sweeping away a village asleep.




Verse 48. Attachment To Senses If Folly

For one of desires insatiate
who gathers only pleasure-flowers,
for one who has a clinging mind
Death the sovereign overpowers.

Explanation: Those who pursue worldly pleasures are like garland-makers
who pick flowers here and there in the garden according to their preference.
Those given to pleasures of the senses are not satisfied. They seek
still more. In consequence of their endless pleasure-seeking they
come under the spell of Antaka, or β€˜ender of all’, i.e.
death.




Verse 49. The Monk In The Village

Just as a bee in a flower
harming neither hue nor scent
gathers nectar, flies away,
so in towns a Wise One fares.

Explanation:  The bee extracts honey from flowers without
damaging either the colour or the fragrance of the flower and in so
doing helps the tree bear much fruit. Similarly, the silent sage goes
about the village collecting alms without harming anyone even minutely,
and in so doing helps people gain much merit and happiness.




Verse 50. Look Inwards And Not At Others

Not others’ opposition
nor what they did or failed to do,
but in oneself should be sought
things done, things left undone.

Explanation: Do not find fault with others. Do not worry about
what others do or not do. Rather, look within yourself to find out
what you yourself have done or left undone. Stop doing evil; do good.




Verse 51. Good Words Attract Only Those Who Practice

Just as a gorgeous blossom
brilliant but unscented,
so fruitless the well-spoken words
of one who does not act.

Explanation: A flower may be quite attractive, alluring. It
may possess a brilliant hue. But, if it is devoid of fragrance, and
has no scent, it is of no use. So is the well spoken word of him who
does not practice it. It turns out to be useless.




Verse 52. Good Words Profit Only Those Who Practise

Just as a gorgeous blossom
brilliant and sweet-scented,
so fruitful the well-spoken words
of one who acts as well.

Explanation: A flower may be quite attractive, alluring and
possessing a brilliant hue. In addition, it may be also full of fragrance.
So is the person who is well spoken and practises what he preaches.
His words are effective and they are honoured.




Verse 53. Those Born Into This World Must Acquire Much Merit

As from a mass of flowers
many a garland may be made,
so by one born mortal
should many good deeds be done.

Explanation: The deft maker of garlands takes a variety of
flowers. Out of these he creates garlands of different strands and
variegated arrangements. In the same way, those who are born into
this world should, out of their lives, create good, wholesome, meritorious
actions of a vast variety.




Verse 54. Fragrance of Virtue Spreads Everywhere

The fragrance of flowers drifts with the wind
as sandalwood, jasmine of lavender.
The fragrance of virtue o’ersweeps the wind,
all pervasive is virtue of the good.

Explanation: The world knows, many a sweet smelling flower
and fragrant object. But, the fragrance of these moves only leeward.
None of these, however strong their fragrance may be, spread their
sweet smell against the wind. But, in contrast, the sweet smell of
virtue of a spiritually evolved individual spreads in all directions
and is universally experienced.




Verse 55. Fragrance Of Virtue Is The Sweetest Smell

Sandalwood or lavender,
lotus or the jasmine great,
of these many fragrances
virtue’s fragrance is supreme.

Explanation: Sandalwood, lavender, water-lily and the jasmine
exude fragrance. Of all these varieties of fragrances the sweet-smell
of virtue is the most supreme. This is because the fragrance of virtue
is universally favoured. Besides, the fragrance of virtue spreads
in all directions, even against the wind.




Verse 56. Fragrance Of Virtue Wafts To Heaven

Faint is this fragrance
of lavender and sandalwood,
but fragrance of the virtuous
soars sublime amongst the gods.

Explanation: The fragrance of lavender and sandalwood is quite
slight. Why? Because it is limited in this world. Such a fragrance
can spread only on earth. This way it is a very slight fragrance.
But, the sweet smell of virtue is, in contrast, supreme, because it
spreads not only throughout the earth, it rises even to the highest
heavens.




Verse 57. Death Cannot Trace The Path Of Arahats

Of those with perfect virtue
who dwell in heedfulness,
freed by Final Knowledge
Mara cannot know their path.

Explanation: Of those noble one, who are perfect in behaviour,
living constantly alert, fully aware of the experience within, Mara,
the evil one, does not know their destiny. Mara can trace only the
slothful dead. He cannot trace those who have reach the Deathless.




Verse 58. Lotus Is Attractive Though In A Garbage Heap

As beside the highroad
where rubbish in a pit is flung
there flourishes the lotus bloom
fragrant and the mind’s delight.

Explanation: Someone is likely to dump refuse on a high road.
In that heap of refuse, a sweet-smelling lotus is likely to grow.



Verse 59. Arahats Shine Wherever They Are

So among rubbish-beings,
common humans blind-become,
the Perfect Buddha’s pupil
outshines with wisdom bright.

Explanation: In the same way, in the heap of rubbish made
up of various types of foolish people, the disciple of the Buddha
shines above all others.





Verse 44. The Garland-Maker



Who will comprehend this earth,
the world of Yama, and the gods?
Who will discern the well-taught Dhamma
as one who’s skilled selects a flower.


Explanation: An expert in garland making will select, pluck
and arrange flowers into garlands. In the same way who will examine
the nature of life penetratingly? Who will perceive the real nature
of life in the world, along with the realms of the underworld and
heavenly beings? Who will understand and penetratively perceive the
well-articulated doctrine, like an expert maker of garlands, deftly
plucking and arranging flowers.







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Meditation for Real Life
How to Be Mindful While Swimming
β€œSwimming
often devolves into autopilot behavior in which you focus only on
getting in the distance you’ve planned, or β€˜following the black line.’
This is a lost opportunity.
Swimming
can also be an immensely rewarding opportunity to practice mindfulness.
By swimming mindfully, we can transform routine lap sessions into an
immersive form of moving meditation.” β€” Terry Laughlin, founder of Total
Immersion Swimming.
Begin each swim with an intention to be fully present in the water, rather than to just get laps in.
As
you begin swimming, focus on each stroke. Notice the feeling of the
wetness on your skin. Feel yourself β€” buoyant β€” moving through water.
Focus
on your breath. As you take breaths, shift your focus from a stroke
rhythm to a breathing rhythm, noticing the unbroken alternation of
in-breaths and out-breaths.
How does your body accommodate to this rhythm?
Align
head and spine. Visualize being towed forward by a line attached to the
top of your head, so your head and spine are both lengthening and
always moving in the direction you want to travel.
As
you continue with your strokes, focus on the feeling of your arms
entering and leaving the water. Feel the cool, dry air on your arms
briefly; then the wet thickness of the water for a longer period of
submersion.
Listen to the sounds of swimming. Hear the splashes, the bubbles and your own breath. How quietly can you swim?
Continue your strokes, noticing how far your arms are reaching in front of you, striving to feel β€œtaller” with each stroke.
As you complete your swim, be grateful for your ability to merge mind and body, moving like water.
Comments
My doctor πŸ§‘β€βš•οΈ advised me to try swimming to avoid a slip disc operation. I tried and it helped me. I’m now practising mindful swimming.
The swimming πŸŠβ€β™‚οΈ pool is my hospital and a meditation 🧘 centre.-JC
After
serving in Iraq for 3 years, swimming was the only way I could relax
when I came back. The requirement to breathe brought oxygen back into my
brain, which was still in a constant state of hypervigilance. The
coolness of the water replenished my parched body. The blue color of the
water dazzled my eyes after seeing nothing but brown. And the rhythmic
motion and quiet splashing gently brought peace and calm into my body.
Pure healing.-SEB
Arizona
July 23, 2017
If
you want to swim well, you are always thinking about breath, stroke,
alignment, etc. Ask anyone, coach or swimmer, in a master’s swim
program. Or anyone in any formal swim program for that matter. BTW, the
black line, interval, pace, completing the set, minding the time clock,
all require mindfulness.
Arguably,
anything you want to do well required mindfulness. For example, if you
play a musical instrument, you have to be mindful of (pay attention to)
intonation, timing, dynamics, etc.
-em
ny
May 30, 2017
In
Murcia Spain we swim.for meditation and against the clock .teacher is a
backstroke medalist yoga expert.we sing outloud while doing 3K or
silently…Rockefeller once said. ” he who dies having done the most laps
wins. β€œ.-murcia.es
murcia
May 26, 2017
Laughlin’s Total Immersion swimming is one of the best things I have learned in years. Loving that water!-Mark Muhich
Jackson MI
May 26, 2017
Mindworks Meditation
What Is Swimming Meditation?
How to Be Mindful While Swimming (Published 2017)
How to Be Mindful While Swimming (Published 2017)
By swimming mindfully, we can transform routine lap sessions into an immersive form of moving meditation.

Public


Mindworks Meditation
What Is Swimming Meditation?
Doctors
recommend swimming as one of the best exercises around, and for good
reason. When we swim, the main muscle groups all go to work in a way
that doesn’t put undue stress on the body. This makes it a wholesome
aerobic exercise for young and old alike. The health benefits of this
kind of workout include:
Improving blood circulation around the body
Helping get rid of excess cholesterol within the bloodstream
Curbing obesity and its accompanying health issues
Maintaining general fitness
Most
people enjoy swimming because it’s so refreshing and good for you. But
you could go the extra lap and practice mindful swimming – and get the
best of both worlds. With mindful swimming, instead of just focusing on
reaching a certain goal, you pay full attention to the exercise and the
sensations experienced as you swim. Extending your mindfulness practice
into swimming is a great way to break up the routine of sitting
meditation.
Is there a link between swimming and meditation?
The
answer depends on the swimmer! Meditation is about awareness, and it
might be argued that awareness is possible in every situation, including
swimming. With mindful swimming, you can enjoy the current moment
without worrying about any stressful issues at work, home or elsewhere.
Instead
of mindlessly plunging into the water and doing your laps, take a few
moments to formulate the intention of being entirely present in the
water. Once you’ve begun swimming, see if you can maintain awareness of
the here and now. Enjoy the feeling of buoyancy as you glide across the
pool and take note of other physical sensations – wetness, scent, sound,
etc. Remain present as your arms enter and leave the water, your legs
propel your body forward and your head follows the rhythm of the
movement. How does it feel? Acknowledging sensations that you don’t
usually notice is part of what makes swimming as meditation so
enjoyable. Alternatively, when swimming laps or floating, you may also
choose to focus on your breath.
The joy of mindful swimming
When
you meditate, the mind is no longer bound by the anxieties and stresses
that usually take up so much mental space. Instead, the mind is
spacious and refreshed, and you feel rejuvenated. This naturally
inspires you to work on bettering yourself and improving the lives of
others. By incorporating the exercise of swimming as meditation into
your mindfulness regime, you train in extending your β€œon-the-cushion”
practice into your everyday life.
Professional
swimmers tend to repeat the same movements every time they train. It’s
easy for them to give their minds free rein to wander as they swim
instead of being mindfully aware of their breath and physical
sensations. In her article β€œMindful Swimming” in Swimming World
Magazine, former competitive swimmer Tonya Nascimento believes that
mindfulness can help athletes while training as well as while competing.
β€œAt all levels, swim meets can have a multitude of distractions that
capture your mind and direct your attention away from your races. [ …]
The goal of mindfulness is to develop a sense of calm in the midst of
the storm; it is to gain control over one’s own thoughts. By becoming
aware of your thoughts, you can decide to let go of those thoughts that
hinder your performance, and decide to concentrate on only those
thoughts that help you improve,” she writes.
A
number of national swimming teams (including the U.S. Olympic team)
have incorporated mindfulness in their training sessions. The feedback
has been positive: athletes have reported improved performances when
they focus on being fully present rather than focusing on the goal
(winning!) alone. Mindful presence helps swimmers maintain balance, and
balance fosters peak performance.
Before
trying mindful swimming, make sure your swimming level is good enough.
Once you get the groove of it, you’ll realize that swimming and
meditation are an awesome match. Most importantly, remember that
swimming – and meditating – should be enjoyable!
By
reading this article it’s clear that you’re interested in the practice
of meditation and its results: experiencing genuine joy and well-being.
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How to Be Mindful While Swimming (Published 2017)

mindworks.org
What Is Swimming Meditation?
Doctors
recommend swimming as one of the best exercises around, and for good
reason. When we swim, the main muscle groups all go to work in a way
that doesn’t put undue stress on the body. This makes it a wholesome
aerobic exercise for young and old alike. The health benefits of this
kind of

Do Mindful Swimming

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Dhammarakkhita

The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali: a manual of Buddhist meditation?

Translation
and free adaptation of the article published on the blog β€œTheravadin -
Theravada Practice Blog” (http://theravadin.wordpress.com/).



We consider here the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, a classical text and revered in Hinduism, dated at approx. 200 BC and compared its semantics and vocabulary to Buddhist canonical texts. In
summary, this comparison is quite obvious that the author of Yoga Sutra was highly influenced by Buddhist philosophy and meditation practice, possibly contemporaneously to the author.

Moreover, it appears that a student of Buddhist canonical texts may in fact be more easily understood than the Yoga Sutra a Hindu practitioner with no other previous reference parameter practical and philosophical. We do not consider comments here later Hindu / Brahman existing this text, some of which seem to avoid (or ignore) the original references to

Buddhism in this text.

The
proximity of the Yoga Sutra-style, vocabulary, and subject to canonical
texts in Pali could also mean simply that Patanjali - or whoever it is
that inspired his writings - had practiced meditation from a Buddhist
contemplative community, a community of monks for a time before
returning to Brahmanism and then the movement would have rephrased his
experience in order to add a divine touch to your experience, making
substantial use of technical terms of Buddhist meditation, as originally
framed or developed by the Buddha for the purpose of contemplative
practice. But this would be pure speculation, because there is so far no studies or historical finding that supports this understanding.
It
is also possible, even likely, that the Buddhist meditation had so
broadly permeated the practice Hindu / Brahman at the time (after years
of a strong cultural influence began with Buddhist proselytism promoted
by Ashoka the Buddhist Sangha in his reign and Consolidation of India),
that these technical terms as well as descriptions of practice of jhana /
dhyana (meditative absorptions) have it built into common knowledge at
the point of no longer sounding particularly Buddhists.
 Something
similar to what happens today with the adoption of the ideas of
β€œnirvana” and β€œkarma” in Western culture, in Christian countries.

In
particular, if the Yoga Sutra is read in one continuous line is amazing
how close the text is the thoughts and topics about samadhi, jhana
meditation and Samatha (concentration) as defined in the ancient texts
in Pali Buddhist.

For a first analysis, an overview. Look
at the β€œAshtanga Yoga” or the β€œEightfold Path of Yoga” (sic) we are
certainly inclined to think the definition of the central Buddha of the
Noble Eightfold Path.

But
instead of following the Buddhist literary definition of the Noble
Eightfold Path, the interpretation of the eightfold path of yoga follows
(to our surprise?) Another description of the Buddhist path: the one
given by the Buddha as he described how he taught his disciples to
practice in your system meditative, which consists of a number of steps
outlined in various suttas of the volume of speeches with Mean Length
(as in Ariyapariyesana Sutta, MN 26, etc.) and remind us much of the way
β€œyogic” (pragmatic?), as devised by Patanjali at Yoga Sutra
Then compare these two β€œpaths to reach the samadhi.”

First what is in the Yoga Sutra of Patanjali:

Yama, on the field conduct, morality or virtue

Niyama, self-purification and study

Asana, proper posture
  • Pranayama, breath control
  • Pratyahara, the removal of the five senses
    Dharana, concentration or apprehension of the object meditative
    Samadhi, meditative absorption
    And down the list of steps recommended by the Buddha when asked about the gradual development through his teachings. This list is found in many suttas of the volumes of speeches and Mean Length Long, as in other parts of the Canon:
    Sila, moral conduct or virtue, and Santosa, contentment
    amvara, containment or removal of the senses

  • Kayagata-sati and Iriyapatha, or β€œAsana” means the cultivation of mindfulness and four correct postures.

  • Anapanasati, mindfulness of breathing

    Overcoming Obstacles or five nivarana (sensual desire, ill will, anxiety and remorse, sleep and torpor, doubt, skeptical)
  • Sati, mindfulness, keep the object in mind, often quoted along with the comments dharana canonical.
  • Jhana, levels of meditative absorption
  • Samadhi, a result of absorption, the β€œrealization” of various kinds or Samāpatti
  • Of course we’re not the first to notice similarities such as the list above. A handful of other authors have noted some more and others less obvious parallels. In fact, even Wikipedia has an entry for Yoga Sutra in which we read:
    Karel Werner writes that” the system of Patanjali is unthinkable without Buddhism. As
    far as terminology goes aa long in the Yoga Sutra that reminds us of
    formulations of the Buddhist Pali Canon and even more Abhidharma
    Sarvastivada Sautrantika and school. β€œRobert Thurman writes that
    Patanjali was influenced by the success of the Buddhist monastic system
    to formulate its own matrix for the version of thought he considered
    orthodox (…) The division between Eight States (Sanskrit Ashtanga)
    Yoga is reminiscent of the Noble Eightfold Path of Buddha, and the
    inclusion of brahmavihara (Yoga Sutra 1:33) also shows the influence of
    Buddhism in parts of the Sutras. β€œ

    Now
    this is where the subject becomes interesting for us here on this blog
    and its relevance to the practice of Buddhist meditation.

  • Does
    all the above tells us that the Yoga Sutra is a comment Hindu / Brahmin
    or at least a photograph of meditation practices common (influenced by
    Buddhism) in the second century BC?


  • f this is the case, definitely warrants a closer look at. Certainly,
    this is because the text is not a Buddhist but shares a β€œcore” of
    fundamental ideas on meditation to be able to take it as a sign pointing
    to a deeper understanding of some of the terminology in the context of
    the first centuries of Buddhist practice.

    Thus,
    if the Yoga Sutra is read in a Buddhist context, one can have some idea
    of how people understood at that time and (ou!) practiced Buddhist
    meditation?
     Could this be of some help in triangular or point of which was the direction of former Buddhist meditation?


  • The
    more we know how people practiced a few centuries after the Buddha’s
    Parinibbana, the more we can understand how some of his teachings have
    evolved and how they were implemented and explained / taught.

  • What
    makes this fascinating idea is that this text would definitely be
    filterable through the eyes of a Hindu / Brahman, but he is still
    influenced by the β€œknowledge” of Buddhist meditation apparently so well
    received, and the time of his writing had become the mainstream
    β€œcontemplative practices.
     This
    would show us how and in what particular point, was considered to be
    the β€œessence” of meditation (in addition to being philosophical
    discussion of its purpose) in order to be considered universally true,
    then that can be β€œmerged” into other forms of practice religious.

    Under this view, the Yoga Sutra is actually quite revealing. Consider a few passages that copies may shed light on this idea. Passages like the following really seems a direct copy and paste the Buddha-Dhamma. Some of them even make much sense in a context of religious doctrine theological-in-search-of-the-soul-creationist , but it fits absolutely in the philosophy of liberation through concentration and wisdom. However,
    they were considered β€œtruth” and β€œaccepted” so that the author Hindu /
    Brahman had no other choice but to incorporate them into their theistic
    philosophy, reminding us Western Christians today that due to the common
    acceptance of the idea karma / kamma, sometimes find ways to
    incorporate this idea in their religious views.

  • Let’s start seeing the following list of impurities that Yoga Sutra tells us must be overcome:

  • β€œAvidya
    (ignorance), Asmita (egoism), raga-Dvesha (desires and aversions),
    Abhinivesha (clinging to mundane life) are the five klesha or distress.
     Destroy these afflictions [e] You will realize Samadhi. β€œ

  • [Free translation of the original quote from Wikipedia]
  • What
    impresses the reader as Buddhist before this paragraph is the simple
    fact that all these impurities listed are those that no longer are you
    supposed to Arahant one, or Awakened (!!!).
     That is, according to the text of Patanjali, the β€œSamadhi of Conduct” would be conceptually the same as the Buddhist Liberation.

    Consider the terms used:

  • Avijja,
    ignorance or mental turvidΓ£o is even mentioned in the first place,
    while clearly a Buddhist point of view is considered the root of all
    problems.

  • Then
    β€œasmita”, which is superficially translated as β€œselfishness” by
    understanding that had developed in shallow Sanskrit tradition that was
    ignorant of the deeper meaning of that term as used in the suttas of the
    Pali Canon (or tried to distort to suit your context religious).

  • This
    term Buddhist in particular, pointing to the deeply embedded β€œnotion
    that it is” (ASMI-tā) has a clear explanation in the suttas, but here in
    this passage and elsewhere, is reduced to a mere β€œselfishness” as a
    moral impurity devoid of its original psychological application.
     In
    the suttas β€œASMI-Mana” is a deeply rooted psychological tendency that
    only a Arahant (Iluminsfo) won [see post β€œThe scent of am” blog
    Theravadin].

  • And
    there is also β€œabhinivesa”, a term the Buddha uses to explain how our
    mind comes in and assumes the five groups of attachment.
     The
    term β€œNives” denotes a dwelling, a house - a simile brought by the
    Buddha to show how our consciousness moves β€œinside” of the contact
    experience of the senses and settles as if living in a house (see Sutta
    Nipata, Atthakavagga , and Haliddakani Magandiya Sutta Sutta). This
    usage is decreased very particular psychological context in Hindu /
    Brahmin to denote only an β€œattachment to worldly life.”But here is worth
    questioning whether this was also shared by superficial understanding
    or just by Patanjali Yoga Sutra later commentators, who have lost sight
    of these implications for not having knowledge of or access to the
    preceding context of Buddhism in the Yoga Sutra was written?

  • And sometimes something awakening about the β€œsati” Buddhist can also be found. We
    have another pearl of a Buddhist point of view, which can be considered
    truly revealing: the use of the word β€œDharana” in the text of
    Patanjali

    This is one area in which our contemporary knowledge of Buddhism can benefit from insights. The
    term β€œDharana”, which literally means short and β€œI can hold, carry,
    keep (in mind)” is a good description of the task faced in Buddhist
    contemplative practice, regardless of what tradition / school
    considered.

  • In meditation we also need to maintain our meditation object firmly in focus in mind, without losing it. This

  • central feature of the task undertaken when trying to cultivate
  • meditative concentration, relates as an equivalent to the literal
    meaning of the Buddhist term β€œsati” (which means reminder / recall) and
    what is general and now translated simply as β€œmindfulness” - a

    translation that often aboard with questions.And the reason is as follows, in summary: To maintain the object of meditation in mind you need to remember it. Remember here that means you have to hold, keep in mind, your object of concentration. This s exactly what makes the faculty of memory, usually being pushed away by the impressions with new information by the six senses, which, if penetrated, would result in more or less a wild spin.If you are able to sustain their concentration on one point however - or even as much as you can keep it, one of the laws of functioning of themind that the Buddha rediscovered and explained in detail that this ebate is β€œartificial” senses the support and focus on a particular mental object equivalent to a minor sensory stimulus. As a result of mental calmness and happiness (piti) and happiness index (sukha) will arise and show signs of the primeirs a stronger concentration - these being two of the five factors of meditative absorption (jhana), along with (i) directed thought (vitakka) (ii) sustained (Vicara) and (iii) equanimity (Upekkha). This is also the reason why is quite logical that samma sati, mindfulness, has to come before samma samadhi, full concentration in the Noble Eightfold Path of Buddhism - or, as shown in this case in the Yoga Sutra, β€œDharana” would be the stage immediately prior to β€œDelivering the Samadhi.” In this case the Yoga Sutra throws much light on the original meaning as understood in the early centuries of Buddhist practice and can help u reach a more precise understanding of what β€œsamma sati, right mindfulness, originally meant or pointed. (In Theravadin blog post is a rather plain and that shows how sati yoniso manasikara are coming in practical terms, check this link ). On the opposite side, or better, understanding it as a byproduct of the
    practice of sati is no other term that would best be described as mindfulness.” The Pali term is sampajaññā - which literally means β€œnext-consideration”, eg, be well aware of when performing an action, then a β€œclear understanding” of what it does - but this activity is a result of sati, as having the mind fixed on an object leads to a refined consciousness that arises when during the next\ and keep the mind of an object, creating a clear understanding of the ew sensory impressions that may enter. According to this concept, mindfulness would be a result of sati and not the practice of sati in itself! But again, both activities are happening almost simultaneously, even if not in the same order and then the current use of the term translated can be done - at the same time a fine distinction, however, has its benefits. You can not keep an object from the standpoint of mind without which would create or develop mindfulness in mind - but (unfortunately!) you may be aware of all your actions that you work without the right concentration - as when eat an ice cream, in seeking the sensual pleasure, an example of mproper care. This being the fact that unfortunately idealize the interpretations of some Westerners who want to say β€œBuddhist”. There is a difference between deliberately let himself be led by sense mpressions by focusing on their physical pleasures and enhancing / supporting raga (desire) and nandi (joy) - and, from the perspective of Gotama Buddha, put his feet on the ground using the mindful memory and thus experiencing a more refined awareness of trying to get it off the shaft so that it results in a greater mindfulness, in the culmination of this experience flows into total equanimity in the face of both pleasurable and painful sensations. Thus, then, we must understand as vipassanā is no way a synonym mindfulness (sati) but something that springs from the combination of all these factors especially the last two, samma sati (mindfulness) and samma samadhi (right concentration) applied to the relentless observation of what appears to be in front of (yathabhuta). You could say, vipassanā is a name for the Buddhist practice of sati associated samadhi directed to the view anicca / anatta / dukkha (ie, generating the wisdom of the vision of these three features) in the processes of the six senses, including any mental activity. Thus, one will find the term vipassanā but the idea of sati in the Yoga Sutra, Buddhist texts mention as the first term clearly having samādhi as just the beginning of the journey to insight and access for example aniccanupassana . Finish here the parenthesis. Suffice to say that any particular reference to the Buddhist philosophy citing anicca antta or point to the goal of Nibbana, a philosophical proposition to which the system of Yoga certainly does not refer.In essence the school of Yoga can be placed below the postures eternalists. So while it definitely does need to produce sati-samadhi, definitely does not need to understand is samadhi anicca, dukkha and anatta - that does not sound very compatible with the worldview of a eternalistic. Before this, all spiritual approach arise due to the attempt to interpret Samadhi Yoga Sutra as marriage or at least as close as you can get from a β€œGod”, a β€œLord.” Something hat sounds quite natural in the end to a theist - such as an Evangelical Christian would never interpret the reduction of its focus on mental object unique sensual ecstasy and consequently a mere effect of a psychological technique, but he would label it β€œthe divine sign of God touching him. β€œ It is for this reason that, according to the Buddha Dhamma, in fact in most situations we are inclined to be led by the plots of our senses, including the mental impressions / thoughts / feelings / perceptions - and therefore tend to limit ourselves to go beyond such experiences also distorted the merger would allow access to insight and liberation. Returning o the context of comparison with the Christian interpretation of this ecstasy, in short what Patanjali is facing such a theistic interpretation sounds like someone moving a large portion of vocabulary and terminology for the New Testament, which gives this ring a Buddhist. The unny thing is that this is exactly how many of the contemporary New Age books are written - an amalgam of the terms of Western Spirituality Christian trying to express a view east. So one can imagine that the situation in India was similar to that when the Yoga Sutra was written addressing the Buddhist philosophy of that era.The remaining Buddhist philosophy with his particular terminology established by the Buddha himself would have become so pervasive in religious thought, so to make seemingly trusted what was written on meditation was a need to borrow or rely on several of these Buddhist concepts predominant. This had largely been done or even conscious, as most New Age authors present not even reflect the content of their texts but about the message you want to spend. Thus, below is done in a way a translation - or rather a translation of a ransliteration given the proximity between languages - as was done with the text of the Yoga Sutra in Sanskrit brought back to Pāli. Similar to what has been done this Sutra ( Theravadin available on the blog, in English on this link ) the exercise helps us see how the same text would sound the Pāli language, opening then find parallels in ancient Buddhist texts, the suttas. However, having said all that, pragmatism invoked by the text (which is what makes it so valuable) also indicates much more than a simple textual exploration. As you read this you can not discern the notion, especially since the position of a meditator concentration of whoever has written or inspired by this  text, at some point personally experienced jhana and samadhi and wanted to convey his experience making use a rich language Buddhist meditatio on the same interpretation being directed to an audience Brahman / proto-Hindu India 200 BC. Anyway, check by itself - the pauses between sets of paragraphs labeled in bold  are the author / translator and some important technical terms Buddhists were deployed, with additional comments made in italics:


    1. PataΓ±jalino yogasuttaαΉƒ (Part I of IV)
    1. Introduction
    2. tha yogānusāsanaαΉƒ | | 1 |
    3. And now a statement about the European Union (Yoga
    4. [1] Read yourself to be the object of meditation, or an instruction (anusāsana) on the med yogo-citta-vatta nirodho | | 2 | | The Union (Yogo) is the extinction of the movement of the min [2] in this passage denotes vatta turbulence, swirl, activity - literally wandering, circling, confused. In this context broadly means β€œmeditation is (…) a stop to the busy mind,” which is very active and its activity suggests a walk in circles. Probably the most direct (and correct) translati Tada ditthi (muni) svarΕ«pe’avaαΉ­αΉ­hānaαΉƒ | | 3 | | (Only) then he who sees is allowed (to be) in (his) true nature.[3 In the Pāli language Drist the word does not exist, and it would be something like subsitituΓ­da by Muni, which has the same meaning -except, of course, the fact that β€œhe who sees” further points in this case the seeing process. Here was however used the term Pāli ditthi so as to maintain the link with the term semantic ditthi. The alternate translation is then: β€œSo lets see who (or have the opportunity - avaαΉ­αΉ­hāna) of being in their true and natural.” Sarup-vatta itaritaraαΉƒ | | 4 | | (Otherwise) at other times we become (equal) to this activity (of mind).
    5. ♦ ♦ Challenges
    6. vatta Panza kilesa akilesā ca ca | | 5 | | Activities (Mental) are five, some non-contaminating other contaminants: pamanes-vipariyesa-vikappa-Nidda-sati | | 6 | |  Experience (Evident-Measurement), ii) misperception (Illusion), iii) Intentional Thinking / Willing, iv) Sleep / Numbness, v) Memory  Mndfulness. i) pamanes, experience or clear-measurement Paccakkh’ānumān’āgamā honte pamāṇāni | | 7 | |


    7. What one sees and looks directly (paccakha), taking as a reference - it’s called experience.





    8. [7] Literally: β€œWhat comes through direct visualization and measurement is called the experience”








    9. ii) Vipariyesa, misperception or illusion





    10. Micca vipariyeso-Nanam atad-rΕ«pa-patiαΉ­αΉ­hitaαΉƒ | | 8 | |


    11. Illusion is the wrong understanding, based on something (lit. β€œone way”) that is not really.








    12. iii) Vikappa, Thought Intentional / Keen





    13. Saddam-ñāṇānupattΔ« vatthu-Sunna vikappo | | 9 | |


    14. Intentional
      Thinking / Willing is any way of understanding and unfounded assertion
      (ie the internal speech, voltiva, partial and willful, based on mental
      speculation).





    15. [9]
      Alternative translation: β€œThinking is cognition without a sound object /
      cause noise (vatthu).Think about it, thoughts are no more than sounds,
      silent babble that passes through our being.








    16. iv) Nidda, Sleep / Numbness





    17. abhava-paccay’-ārammaṇā vatta Nidda | | 10 | |


    18. Mental activity in the absence of mental objects is called Sleep / Torpor.








    19. v) Sati, the Memory / Mindfulness





    20. Anubhuti-visayāsammosā sati | | 11 | |


    21. Not to be confused (or not lose) the object (sensory) previously experienced is called Memory / Mindfulness.








    22. Abhyasa-virāgehi Tesam nirodho | | 12 | |


    23. The extinction of these [activities] comes from the practice of detachment / cessation of passions (turning)





    24. [12] We have here the words turn and nirodha in the same sentence! It can not be more Buddhist canon than this! Interestingly, however, is the current use and non-metaphysical terms of this stretch. They are applied in a simple process of meditation, in particular the process of concentration meditation. This can not go unnoticed and goes directly in line with readings jhanic cultivation practices in Buddhism.






    25. ♦ The Training β™¦






    26. tatra-tiαΉ­αΉ­ha yatano abhyasi | | 13 | |


    27. The
      practice’s commitment to non-movement (ie, become mentally property (at
      the same time it parmanece fluid - an excellent description for the
      concentration!)








    28. so-Kala-pana DΔ«gha nirantara-sakkār’āsevito dalhia-bhumi | | 14 | |


    29. Mast this (practice) must be based firmly in a long and careful exercise [excellent point here!]





    30. [14]
      This goes in line with what the author wrote the medieval Pali
      subcomentΓ‘rios the volume of the Digha Nikaya, where also we find the
      combination of the terms and dalhia bhumi - β€œfirmness” and
      β€œestablishment” - in the same sentence, denoting ” firm establishment β€œ








    31. diαΉ­αΉ­hānusavika-visaya-vitaαΉ‡hāya Vasik-Sannes viraga | | 15 | |


    32. Detachment is the mastery (VASI-kara) of perception, the dropping of the seat (vitaαΉ‡hā) by the following (anu-savika, lit.’s Subsequent flow) experience a prey to view.








    33. parama-tam Puris akkhātā guαΉ‡a-vitaαΉ‡haαΉƒ | | 16 | |


    34. This is the climax: the abandonment of the current headquarters of the senses, based on personal revelation / knowledge of self.





    35. [16] Here we turned a Brahman, is this approach that allows the soul to win the seat / attachment, Tanh. And this short sentence has much to offer! At
      that moment in history, Patanjali was so convinced of the Buddhist goal
      of β€œopening up the attachment, the seat stop,” which boils down to vita
      αΉ‡hā term he uses. However,
      it does not give up without a soul which its theistic philosophy simply
      collapses and nothing in the text would make it distinguishable from a
      treatise on the Buddha Dhamma.
       Thus,
      mounted on a meditative Buddhist terminology and guidelines in the
      conversation he introduces the term β€œPuris, which can be read as” soul,
      β€œsaying that the more you get closer to its” intrinsic nature β€œ(svarΕ«pa)
      and inner body β€œPuri, or soul, you become able to stop itself this seat
      / attachment.
       Interesting.





    36. ♦ Realization - Jhana / Dhyanas β™¦





    37. The first jhana / Dhyāna





    38. vitakka-vicar-Anand-Asmita rΕ«p’ānugamā sampajaΓ±Γ±atā | | 17 | |


    39. This
      is the alertness (sampajaΓ±Γ±a) from (the) (Kingdom of) form: a
      self-directed thought-based consciousness, which remains (to this) and
      inner happiness.





    40. [17] Here we describe an almost identical description of the first jhana used time and again by the Buddha in Pali texts ( see this example ). Indeed,
      we have a very beautiful description of the first jhana as a form of
      sampajaññatā (fully aware of what is happening), after the plan of the
      form (the theme of our meditation is a mental form) and a combined
      happiness at the thought we are trying to grasp what itself could be
      described as the pure experience of β€œI am” (Asmita - the term is being
      used more loosely in place as would suttas).


    41. However,
      the announcement vitakka / vicara the first mention of meditative
      absorption is a clear reference to the origin of Buddhist Yoga Sutra.
       Interesting also is the connection that is being done now with sampajaΓ±Γ±atā: Think of everything we have said before about sati. If sati is simply the seizure of an object (the paαΉ­αΉ­hāna
      of sati, so to speak), so it’s interesting to see how sampajaññā this
      case, is identified with the state of the first jhana.
       Could this mean that when the Buddha mentions these two texts in Pali, which implicitly means samatha-vipassana?



    42. This
      is not at all a strange idea, like many vipassana meditators, focusing
      on objects will be much more subtle quickly show signs of the first
      jhana.
       Could it be then that the term β€œsampajaΓ±Γ±atā” was seen as the first result of a concentrated mind?


    43. In
      any case, experience will teach you very quickly that when you try to
      hold an object in your mind, your awareness of what happens at this time
      will increase dramatically, simply due to the fact that his effort to
      keep the object is under constant danger during the siege of sense.








    44. saw-Paticca Abhyasa-anno-pubbo saαΉƒkhāraseso | | 18 | |


    45. (This accomplishment) is based on detachment and previously applied for any subsequent activities.








    46. bhava-Paticca videha-prakriti-layana | | 19 | |


    47. (For example) Based on this existence and the characteristics of self








    48. saddha-viriya-sati-samadhi-paññā-pubbaka itaresam | | 20 | |


    49. This
      flower gives himself (based on these qualities) of conviction (saddha),
      energy (viriya), mindfulness (sati), concentration (samadhi) and wisdom
      (paññā)





    50. [20] The Buddha mentions these five factors when he was training arupa jhana under his previous two teachers. He also mentions how crucial factors when striving for enlightenment under the Bodhi tree. Later,
      during his years of teaching, he gave the name of β€œpowers” (bullet) and
      explained that, if perfected, would lead to enlightenment.









    51. Tibba-saαΉƒvegānām āsanno | | 21 | |


    52. (For those) with a firm determination reached (this accomplishment, the first Dhyana / jhana).








    53. ♦ Advancing in jhana, tips and tricks. ♦





    54. Mudu-majjhim’ādhi-mattatā tato’pi Visions | | 22 | |


    55. There is also a differentiation between (achievement) lower, middle and high








    56. Issar paαΉ‡idhānā-go | | 23 | |


    57. Or based on devotion (devotion) to a Lord (a master of meditation).








    58. kilesa-kamma-vipākāsayā aparāmissā Puris-visions’ Issar | | 24 | |


    59. The Lord (the Master) that is no longer influenced by the outcome kammic impurities and past desires.





    60. [24]
      Besides the question whether the term β€œIssar” found here could be read
      as merely referring to a master of meditation (which fits perfectly into
      the discussion until verse 27, where it starts to not fit any more) is
      likely discussion, including on-line
       translation of the Yoga Sutra by Geshe Michael Roach . The
      principle can be interpreted so as to skeptics recalling the first
      sutta MN seemed more logical to assume Issar was first used to designate
      β€œthe Lord” (ie your God).


    61. But with a little more research found that the term Issar Theragatha us are used to designate the β€œmaster”. Interesting is also the word in Pali āsayih replaced simple wish / desire - β€œAsa.” But
      β€œalmost” sounds like β€œAsava” that would fit even better in the context
      of kamma and vipaka Asava.But the idea is very specific (”that which
      flows within you, taking it) and may or may not be what was meant in
      this passage.








    62. tatra-niratisayaαΉƒ sabbaΓ±Γ±atā bΔ«jaαΉƒ | | 25 | |


    63. It is this that lies the seed of omniscience unmatched.








    64. sa pubbesam api guru kālen’ānavacchedanā | | 26 | |


    65. This Master from the beginning never abandoned him or abandon





    66. [26] Literally, β€œnot” drop β€œ(an + evaluation + chedana), or abandon, even for a time (short) (Kalena)








    67. tassa vācako Panavia | | 27 | |


    68. His Word is the breath and the clamor of living





    69. [27] On the panavah term, which can be interpreted as β€œom” in Hindu literature. It
      all depends if we read verses 24-27 as involving β€œIssar” to mean β€œGod”
      or simply refer to consider meditation master of meditation you learn.
       If
      you do a search in the Tipitaka, you see that when the Buddha used the
      term was to refer to teachers (see for example Theragatha)








    70. taj-tad-japp attha-bhavana | | 28 | |


    71. Praying in unison with this, this is the goal of meditation








    72. touch-pratyak cetanādhigamo’pi antarāyābhāvo ca | | 29 | |


    73. So if the mind itself and carries it away all obstacles / hazards:








    74. Vyadha-αΉ­αΉ­hāna-samsaya-pamādālayāvirati-bhrānti-dassanā’laddhabhΕ«mikatvā’navatthitatāni


    75. Diseases,
      skeptical questions, be moved to laziness of attachment, wrong view of
      things, not meditative placements, or not yet firmly established in
      these.








    76. citta-vikkhepā te’ntarāyā | | 30 | |


    77. These are the causes of mental distractions (they fall due).








    78. dukkha-domanass’aαΉ…gam ejayatv’assāsa-Passaseo vikkhepa-saha-Bhuvah | | 31 | |


    79. The physical and mental pain arises in the body, the shaking of the inhale and exhale conjução occur with such distractions.





    80. [31] Here dukkha and Domanassam mentioned. They also appear in the definition of the Buddha’s four jhana, but in a different direction. The problem described here meditative seems out of place and looks as if someone had to fit these words here. Also
      the inhale and exhale clearly has an important role in that they cease
      to exist (nirodha) so subjective to the practitioner in the fourth
      jhana.
       It is strange that all this is on the list, but is presented in a very different interpretation.









    81. ♦ β™¦ The Objects of Meditation






    82. tat-pratiαΉ£edhārtham ekatattābhyāsaαΈ₯ | | 32 | |


    83. In order to control these distractions, this is the practice of unification of mind:








    84. metta-karuna-mudita Upekkha-sukha-dukkha-Visayan-puññāpuΓ±Γ±a bhāvanātassa cittapasādanaαΉƒ | | 33 | |


    85. The
      cheerful calm the mind (citta-pasada) is achieved by meditation of
      loving kindness, compassion, joy and equanimity in the face of pleasure,
      pain as well as luck and misfortunes.





    86. [33] And here we go. The
      four brahmavihara, of course, famous for the way Buddha encouraged
      monks to practice them to subdue the obstacles and enter the five jhana.
       It
      is also interesting as the Tipitaka sometimes aligns them with the
      progression in four jhana (which deserves to be studied separately).








    87. pracchardana-vidhāraṇābhyāṃ go prāṇasya | | 34 | |


    88. Or the inhale and exhale, which is also an excellent exercise in meditation.








    89. Visayavati go pa-vatta uppannā manaso thiti-nibandhinī | | 35 | |


    90. It helps to stop and control the increasing mental activity that occurs through the power of the senses.





    91. [34
      and 35] Wow, now includes Anapanasati to the list of meditation
      techniques, the most favorite topics of Buddhist meditation, in addition
      to brahmavihara, which β€œcoincidentally” was mentioned in the previous
      passage.
       Here
      he almost β€œcites” the benefit of Anapanasati of Pali suttas, the Buddha
      gave in the Anapanasatisamyutta Mahavagga, where it is clearly said
      that the greatest benefit of Anapanasati is the ability to quiet the
      mind.
       Very interesting!









    92. Visoko go jotimatΔ« | | 36 | |


    93. And the mind becomes free from sorrow and radiant.








    94. vita-raga-visaya go citta | | 37 | |


    95. Free from desire for sense objects





    96. [36
      and 37] These two passages seem more like a copy of what the Buddha
      says in the suttas: β€œIt is almost always remain in these states, O
      monks, neither my body or my eyes get tired.” Although it immediately to
      Explaining how the mind free from desires and radiant moves away from
      the senses, as do the experienced meditators, this passage is important
      because it shows that the author knew what he was talking in terms
      pragmΓ‘ticos.NΓ£o there is something more important to the induction of
      samadhi (ie, jhana) that the resolution of the mind, the balance against
      the attack of the senses to the mind.








    97. svapna Nidda-go-jnānālambanaαΉƒ | | 38 | |


    98. Of dreaming and sleep,








    99. yathābhimata dhyānād-go | | 39 | |


    100. parama-anu-stop-mahattvānto’ssa vasΔ«kāri | | 40 | |








    101. kkhΔ«αΉ‡a-vatta abhijātass’eva grahΔ«tαΉ› mani-Graham-grāhyeαΉ£u stha-tat-tad-anjanatāsamāpatti | | 41 | |


    102. When
      it happens in the destruction of mental activity or movement
      [Khin-vatta], there is the appearance of a jewel, the emergence of
      someone who carries such an object, the object and the carrying of such
      an object in itself - and this immobility is what is called a
      realization, or state of completion.








    103. tatra-nana-saddattha vikappaiαΈ₯ saαΉƒkiṇṇā savitakkā Samāpatti, | | 42 | |


    104. There is the state of realization is β€œwith thought” and marked by impurity of speech of conscious thought, the internal speech.





    105. [42], in the Pali Canon parlance we would say β€œsavitakka-jhana.”








    106. sati-parisuddhaαΉƒ svarΕ«pa-suΓ±Γ±evattha-matta-nibbhāsā nivitakkā | | 43 | |


    107. (However)
      there is a state of achievement without thinking (nirvitakka) with full
      attention and clearer that it is the nature of emptiness without a
      voice.





    108. [43] parisuddham sati is obviously the name the Buddha gave to the fourth jhana. It
      seems that the author tries to show us the range of four jhana,
      pointing to the criteria of the first, and then, in contrast to the
      characteristics of the fourth jhana again using the terminology of the
      Pali suttas.








    109. etadeva savic Nirvicārā ca-sukkhuma visaya akkhātā | | 44 | |


    110. Likewise, the state with and without research and consideration (vicara) is judged by subtlety of the object.





    111. [44] Here we are somewhat hampered by the language, and tempted to ask: by whom discerned before the non-self (anatta)?








    112. sukkhuma-visayattaαΉƒ c’āliαΉ…ga-pary’avasānam | | 45 | |


    113. It culminates in a subtle object with no features








    114. tā eva sa-Bijo samādhi | | 46 | |


    115. But even this is a samadhi with seed / question.








    116. Nirvicārā-visārad’ajjhatta-pasado | | 47 | |


    117. Happiness
      is attained with the inner conviction without regard to the
      concentration already (vicara, which is paired with vitakka)








    118. itaαΉƒbharā paññā tatra | | 48 | |


    119. In this way, the truth is filled with wisdom.








    120. sut’ānumāna paññāyā-anna-visaya vises’atthatā | | 49 | |


    121. And this wisdom is of a different kind of knowledge acquired through learning.








    122. taj-jo-saαΉƒkhāro’ñña Samkhara-paαΉ­ibaddhΔ« | | 50 | |


    123. Such activity (meditative and induced) obstructs born (all) other activities.








    124. tassāpi nirodha Sabba-nirodha nibbījo samādhi | | 51 | |


    125. With the extinction of it all is also stopped - and this is the root-without-samadhi (samadhi-unborn)





    126. [51]
      This last sentence sounds more like a reporter who, after being invited
      to a very important meeting, is eager to share what he heard from
      relevant sources.


    127. Here
      we are given a definition, in fact, the definition of the Buddha
      β€œphalasamāpatti” - a state of jhana, which can only happen after someone
      has had a realization that the particular insight nirvanic, giving you
      access to that which is samadhi no β€œseeds” (nibbΔ«ja).


    128. This
      whole concept fits nicely into a row of theistic argument, and no
      attempt is being made here in the final set of samadhi, to explain it.


    129. Did
      the Buddhists speak of this matter so that among the philosophical
      circles β€œmainstream” of the time it was automatically understood as β€œthe
      highest you can get,” and the argument was so powerful that, despite
      not fit in the school already thinking of the times (an ancient
      Hinduism) was considered indisputable?


    130. Hard to say. This
      argument appears in the Sutta Ratanasutta Nipata.Vemos this final
      state, without seeds, as something that would target when trying to
      β€œSanna-vedayita-nirodha” cessation of perception and feeling, a
      realization of the Buddha described as possible Arahants Anagami for
      that, after entering the eighth jhana sequentially finally leave the
      activity more subtle (the sankhara) back.









    131. Patanjali Yoga viracite-iti-samadhi sutta paαΉ­hamo-pated | | |


    132. This is the first chapter on the Samadhi Yoga Sutra of Patanjali.

    …

    1. Source for adaptation and translation http://theravadin.wordpress.com/2010/08/28/the-yoga-sutra-a-handbook-on-buddhist-meditation/


    2. Published with Blogger-droid v1.6.5


    3. Posted by Dhammarakkhittas at 15:31 


    4. Labels: ashtanga yoga , Brahmanism , Buddha , Buddhism , ancient Buddhism , dharma , dhyana ,Hinduism , jhana , patanjali , Sangha , Theravada , yoga , Yogasutra


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    4. http://yoga.org.nz/postures.htm


    5. Main Page

    Welcome to our yoga postures section. Here you will find
    yoga moves that are broken down to the bare basics with colour photos
    to match. We also have state of the art flash yoga animation technology that you can use to view these moves in full screen size, full colour and with full instruction.

    Yogic exercises cater to the needs of each individual
    according to his or her specific needs and physical condition. They
    involve vertical, horizontal, and cyclical movements, which provide
    energy to the system by directing the blood supply to the areas of the
    body which need it most.

    In yoga, each cell is observed, attended to, and
    provided with a fresh supply of blood, allowing it to function smoothly.
    The mind is naturally active and dynamic, while the innerself is
    luminous. In this section we will give you plenty of yoga images and
    instruction.

    Breathing Pose
     
    Arm Stretch
     
    Kneeing Twist

    Breathing Pose

    1. The simple act of learning to control the breath

    2. has a number of beneficial effects on your wellbeing, ranging from

    3. increasing your energy, to improved relaxation into sleep. It purifies

    4. the body by flushing away the gaseous by products of metabolism and will

    5. also help you to remain calm in the face of the challenges that we

    6. encounter in our everyday lives.

      Control of the breath is an essential element in

    7. the art of yoga. When bringing the air in to the abdomen, do not to puff

    8. the stomach out, but pull the air into it while extending the inside

    9. wall. By harnessing the power of the breath the mind can be stilled and

    10. can be prepared for your Yoga practise.

    Instruction Table Breathing Basics
    1                              


       
    Sit in a simple cross-legged position on
    the floor. If you don’t feel comfortable in this position place a folded
    blanket under your buttocks. 

    Place your right hand on the rib cage and your left hand on your abdomen 

    Inhale
    slowly through the nose feeling the breath filling the abdomen,
    bringing it slowly into the rib cage, then the upper chest. 

    Exhaling
    softly feeling the breath leave the abdomen first, then the ribs and
    lastly the upper chest. Observe the space at the end of the exhale
     
    2                               

    Now move hands so your forearms come to a comfortable position
    resting on your knees and continue the breathing with a relaxed rhythm.

    Continue with a flowing controlled breath in your own time.

    Yoga breathing is also call Pranayama . Many say that Pranayama (Rhythmic control of breath) is one of the bests medicines in the world .

    Right click the link and save as to download a beginners breathing routine . Then watch in windows media player.

    Click the BIG play button in the middle below. To watch a Pranayama Breathing overview .

    Please visit:

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t7WFq17NxWA&feature=player_embedded#at=24

     

    The Virasana Arm/Shoulder Stretch

    Hero Pose

    The purpose of this pose is to help give the entire
    body a very complete stretch from the heels to the head. It improves
    strength and endurance and helps to control your breathing in
    conjunction with the movements of the body.

    It eases and stimulates the joints especially the
    knees, ankles and shoulders. It reduces and alleviates backache and
    improves the circulation of the entire body.

    Instruction Table
    1                        

    Come in to a position on your hands and your 

    knees with your knees together and your feet slightly wider than hip width apart. Your big 

    toes & little toes pressing firmly into the floor
     
    2                        

    Push back with your hands & sit between your
    buttocks on the floor, make sure you roll your calf muscles out wards so
    your not sitting on them.
     
    3                        

    Make sure the inner calves are touching the outer thighs and your ankles are outside your buttocks, arms resting at the sides.
     
    4                        

    Inhale as you slowly raise your arms to shoulder height, shoulders down.
     
    5                        

    Exhale lengthen out through the fingertips & turn your palms to the roof. Inhale stretch your arms overhead.
     
    6                        

    Interlock the fingers. Slowly exhaling turn the palms
    towards the ceiling, and with a powerful push lift up from the belly
    into your chest and shoulders.
     
    7                        

    Exhale bring your hands down in a smooth continuance motion….
     
    8                        

    Now bringing your arms interlocking behind your back
    with straight arms, being careful not to roll the shoulders forward,
    squeezing the shoulder blades together and opening the chest on the
    front of the body.
     
    9                        

    Inhale hands back to the side

    Repeat 2-3 more times

      Please Visit:

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vvG-lekx64I&feature=player_embedded

    Kneeing Twist Pose

    Regular practice of the kneeling twist pose
    will aid in your ability to rotate the spine and upper torso more
    effectively, while increasing the flexibility and strength in your back
    and abdominal muscles. It also massages, stimulates and rejuvenates the
    internal abdominal organs.

    This pose is a good beginners pose and will get you ready for more advanced twists.

    To view in flash - click the image below

    Instruction Table
    1                              

       

    Sit on your heals with your knees together, the tops of the feet
    pressing firmly into the ground. Your head, shoulders, and hips should
    be in one straight line.

    Arms relaxed by the side keep your base firm by contracting your buttocks.

     
    2                               

    Inhale, extending the spine upwards, exhale twist around to the
    right, placing your left hand on the outside of your right thigh,
    turning the head in the direction of the twist, but keeping the head and
    shoulders relaxed.

    Take a few breaths here, keeping the stomach soft and the eyes soft.

    Repeat on the other side

    Please Visit:

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=91MT6kmP7zo&feature=player_embedded

     

    Triangle Pose
    Tree
    Warrior

    The Triangle Pose

    Triangle pose tones the leg muscles, spinal nerves and abdominal organs; it contributes towards a strong healthy lower back.

    The triangle gives an excellent and complete stretch

    throughout the entire body.

    To view in flash - click the image below

    Instruction Table
    1                

    Align yourself in mountain pose. 

    Continuing with your smooth

    flowing breath
     
    2                

    Inhale deeply and jump your feet out landing approx
    1.2-1.5m apart. your feet need to be in line and pointing forward at
    right angles. Next raise your arms to shoulder level, be sure that they
    are in line with each other. Stretch your arms out from the middle of
    your back. Lift your chest and look straight ahead.
     
    3                

    Now turn your right foot out while keeping your hips to
    the front, and turn your left foot in from 90 to 70 degrees, by pivoting
    on your heel. Insure your right heel is in line with the instep of the
    left foot.

    This is important as it sets the base for this pose.
     
    4                

    The kneecaps and thighs are pulling up,
    simultaneously pushing downward through your feet into the floor.
    Inhale, extend the spine, exhale as you bend to the right, pushing out
    from the hips, through the right arm…
     
    5                

    Taking your right hand to a comfortable position on your
    leg, your left arm coming up to straight, moving down as far as
    possible without turning the hips or torso. Keep the thighs firm and
    rolling around towards the buttocks, moving the left hip back and open
    the chest.
     
    6                

    Inhale, extend the neck and spine, exhale, turn your head to look up at your left hand.

    Keep
    your head, your buttocks and your heels in one straight line,not
    looking down with you body, keep opening your whole body up.

    The Tree Pose

    This pose harnesses the powers of mental concentration, while
    allowing you to calm the mind. It develops balance and stability, and
    strengthens the legs and feet, also increasing flexibility in the hips
    and knees.

    The tree pose is a balance pose incorporating three lines of
    energy, emitting from the centre outwards. One line proceeds down the
    straight leg, one line extends up the spine and out the fingertips, and
    the third moves outward through the bent knee.

    To view in flash - click the image below

    Instruction Table
    1                

      
    Align yourself in mountain pose. 

    Continuing with your smooth

    flowing breath
     
    2                

    On your next inhale; shift the bulk of your weight onto
    your left foot. Exhale bend the right knee, and assisting with your
    hand, place the sole of your right foot as high as possible into the
    left inner thigh, with toes pointing down, steady yourself, and 

    breathe easy.
     
    3                

    Next raise your arms to shoulder level, be sure that
    they are in line with each other. Stretch your arms out from the middle
    of your back. Lift your chest and look straight ahead. Keep completely
    focused on the pose.
     
    4                

    Now bring your palms together in prayer
    position. Keeping your eyes focused on a point in front of you, will
    assist your balance.
     
    5                

    Inhale as you raise your arms overhead keeping your palms together and stretching upwards through the fingertips. 

    Keep working your right knee back and contracting your buttocks muscles in and down.

    Feel your abdomen plane and hips facing straight ahead, while lifting out of the waist.

     
    Please Visit:

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V_V4gM4ExLI&feature=player_embedded< ?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = β€œurn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office” />

    The Warrior Pose

    Virabhadra

    The Warrior pose is
    named after the mythic warrior-sage, Virabhadra. This challenging pose
    strengthens the entire body while improving mental capacity and self
    control.

    It builds, shapes and tones the entire lower body. It tones the
    abdominal section and helps to prevent, reduce and eliminate back pain.
    The entire upper body -front and back- is worked and doing this pose
    increases the capacity of the respiratory system.

    To view in flash - click the image below

    Instruction Table
    1                

       
    Stand in mountain pose continuing with your smooth flowing breath.
     
    2                

    Jump your feet sides ways and sweep your arms out to the side so your
    ankles are below your wrists. Establish your foundation, by pulling
    your knees and thighs up, tucking your tailbone under, pushing your feet
    firmly into the floor.

    Visualise
    an imaginary line running vertically down the centre of your body,
    dropping your shoulders. Squeeze your arms and legs away from the
    centreline.

     
    3                

    Keep an awareness of this line as you turn your right
    foot out to 90 degrees and turn your left foot in to 70 degrees. Ensure
    the heel of your front foot aligns with arch of your back foot, hips
    facing forward.

    If your body wants to turn off centre, counter-act it by pushing simultaneously in opposite directions from the centre line.
     
    4                

    Inhale, an as you exhale bend your right
    leg, pulling up with the outside and inside of the thigh to form a right
    angle at the knee. Only go as low as you can with out turning your hips
    off centre.

    Ideally
    you want your knee directly above your ankle with you leg coming
    vertically out of the floor like pillar. Keep the power flowing through
    the back leg into the floor.
     
    5                

    Inhale lift the spine; exhale turn your head to look over your right arm. Take a few deep breaths through the nose.

    Hold the pose and breathe smooth.

    Reverse the procedure back to mountain pose and repeat back to the other side.

     

      Please Visit:

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PVX6hATjfk&feature=player_embedded

     
    Mountain Pose
    Prayer Pose
    Shrug

    Mountain Yoga Pose

    The Mountain Pose is one of the most important poses in yoga. It is the start and finish point of all standing poses.

    When standing in mountain pose, the mind is quiet,
    and the body strong and still, like a mountain. This is a pose you can
    practise in your daily life, practising to stand correctly will have a
    profound influence on your physical and mental well being.

    To view in flash - click the image below

    Instruction Table
    1                 

       Moutain Pose 1

    Stand with your feet hip width apart, so the outsides of the feet are almost parallel edged.

    Press and spread the toes into the floor. Feel the weight of your
    body distributed evenly through your feet, from the toes to the heels,
    keep pressing firmly into the floor.

     
    2                 

    Moutain Posture 2
    Lift the kneecaps up by contracting the front thigh
    muscles, but not locking the backs of the knees. Pull up with the back
    of the thighs, and activate the hip and buttocks to level the pelvis. 

     
     
    3                 

    Mountain Poses Back
    Your hips should be directly over your knees, and your
    knees over your ankles. This gives you a stable foundation and by
    positioning the pelvis properly, keeps the spine healthy.
     
    4                 

    Now extend the spine, by slowly inhaling, lifting up
    through the legs as you lift the ribcage, opening the chest and dropping
    the shoulders down, extending the neck, keeping the jaw and eyes soft.

     
    5                                                                              

        Bring the shoulder blades into the back, to support the ribcage. Breathe slowly and softly.

    Keep your head directly over your shoulders, and look at eye level at a point in front of you.

    Please Visit:
     

    The Prayer Pose

    This pose is simple, but very effective, and is a
    key movement to more advanced poses. This pose will teach you how to
    push from under the shoulders and out of the lats, the major muscle
    group of the back. A key movement in a lot of yoga poses.

    It strengthens and aligns the upper body while
    releasing tension and increasing the circulation to the shoulder joint,
    which is a ball and socket joint. It also aids in strengthening the
    abdominal and lumber region as you look to form a solid base.

    To view in flash - click the image below

    Instruction Table
    1                


       
    Centre yourself in mountain pose and take a
    few deep breaths here, breathing down into the abdomen, continuing the
    breathing that you are now familiar with.
     
    2                


    Inhale, raise your arms to shoulder height and stretch them out in the opposite direction to each other 
     
    3                

    Now twist your arms from the shoulder and turning your palms upwards. Keep the body in a nice strong upright position
     
    4                

    Bring your arms out in front of you, pushing
    your elbows firmly together and your fingers extending away from you,
    while focusing on pulling your shoulder blades together..
     
    5                


    Continue squeezing the elbows together as you bring your palms together
     
    6


    Now bend at the elbow and take the forearms to vertical.
    Keep pressing firmly with the palms and the elbows as you breathe the
    arms upwards. With each exhale moving slightly higher.
    Shoulder opener Yoga Posture. This
    movement will teach you how to push from under the shoulders and out of
    the lats, the major muscle group of the back. A key movement in a lot of
    yoga poses. This pose is simple, but very effective, and is a key
    movement to more advanced poses.
     
    Please Visit:

    The Shoulder Shrug

    The shoulder rotation is another pose which can be practiced anywhere and at any time.

    It strengthens and aligns the shoulder region while
    releasing tension and increasing the circulation to the shoulder joint,
    which is a ball and socket joint. It also aids in strengthening the
    abdominal and lumber region as you look to form a solid base.

    To view in flash - click the image below

    Instruction Table
    1                

      
    Align yourself in mountain pose. 

    Continuing with your smooth

    flowing breath
     
    2                

    As you inhale, lift your shoulders to your ear lobes, keeping the head erect and soft.
     
    3                

    As you exhale, rotate the shoulders around 

    by pushing up out of the chest and squeezing the shoulder blades together, rotating them 

    in a full circle.
     
    4                

    Back down into mountain pose

    Repeat 3 more times

      Please Visit:

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SzWxM_W4DNA&feature=player_embedded

    Lying Twist
    Downward Dog
    Seated Forward Bend

    The Lying Basic Twist

    Doing this pose will rapidly increase strength and muscle tone in your midsection.

    The lying twist is another pose which is very
    simple yet extremely effective. This pose is soothing to the spine and
    neck, and warms and frees the lower back and hips and it also improves
    digestion and assists in toxin elimination.

    To view in flash - click the image below

    Instruction Table
    1                              

       

    Come to a position lying on your back and stretch your arms out to
    the side and place your palms and shoulders firmly on the floor.

    Move your shoulder blades under. Spread your toes apart. Feel the
    back and shoulders moulding to the straight lines of the floor.

     
    2                               

     

    Bend your knees as far as they come towards the chest.

     

     
    3                                

    Inhale, keeping your knees and ankles together,
    Exhale, rolling your knees to the right. Focus on keeping your arms
    pressing out wards and your shoulders pushing firmly into the ground.
    You may feel or hear your spine lengthening as it extends into the
    correct alignment.

    Knees & ankles together breathe, focus on creating length between the left lower rib and the hip,
     
    4                                

    Now turn your head to look over your left hand. Relax in to this pose, stomach soft, breathing soft and relaxed.

    Reverse the pose back up and repeat to the other side

    Please Visit:
     

    The Downward Facing Dog

    Adhomukha Svanasana

    The downward yoga pose is
    named as such as it resembles the shape of a Dog stretching itself out.
    This pose helps to strengthen, stretch and reduce stiffness in the legs
    while strengthening and shaping the upper body. Dog pose Yoga Posture .
    One of the main yoga asanas. If you have time for only one posture try
    this one.

    Holding this pose for a minute or longer will
    stimulate and restore energy levels if you are tired. Regular practice
    of this pose rejuvenates the entire body and gently stimulates your
    nervous system.

    To view in flash - click the image below

    Instruction Table
    1

    Come up onto your hands and knees with your knees hip
    width apart and the hands shoulder width apart, your fingers wide
    pressing firmly into the floor.
     
    2

    Inhale, arch your spine and look up as you turn your toes under.
     
    3

    As you exhale straighten your legs and pause here for a moment.
     
    4

    Now push the floor away from you hands, positioning your
    body like an inverted V, achieving a straight line from your hands to
    your shoulders to the hips. Straight arms and straight legs.

    As you inhale press downward into your hands and lift outward out of the shoulders.

    Lift your head and torso back through the line of your body.

    Please Visit:

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKx-LPTtvBQ&feature=player_embedded

    The Seated Forward Bend

    Paschimottanasana

    The purpose of this pose is to give the entire back
    of your body a very complete stretch from the heels to the head. It is
    excellent for posture improvement and stimulates the internal organs as
    well.

    It adds in improved mental concentration and
    endurance and helps to control and calm the mind. It relieves
    compression while increasing the elasticity of the spine, it also
    strengthens and stretches the hamstrings.

    To view in flash - click the image below

    Instruction Table
    1

    Come to a sitting position with your legs together in front of you. 

    Move
    the fleshy part of your buttocks from underneath you, so you are on the
    top of your sitting bones, which are located at the very top of your
    legs.
    2

    Roll the thighs inwards so that the kneecaps are facing directly upwards.

    Activate the legs by pressing down into the floor, and out through the heels.

    Spread your toes wide and pull them towards you. 

    Lengthen your lower back muscles down as you extend your spine up and out of the pelvis.
    3

    Now take your strap around both feet. The
    strap`s purpose is to keep the spine straight. This is very important.
    Be aware the head is an extension of the spine, so keep it aligned
    accordingly.

    Use the breath to create the optimum degree of intensity in the stretch.
    4

    On your next exhale; come down the belt further while
    maintaining the extension on the front and back of the torso. Some of
    you will be able to grab the sides of your feet. Breathe softly and
    continuously. Don’t pull yourself forward by the strength of your upper
    body.

    Keep bending at the hips, maintaining a relaxed head and neck.
    5

    Go a little further, relax your abdomen, and inhale, as
    you lengthen, exhale, and come further forward, increasing the space in
    your vertebrae.

    Please Visit:

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEhU1KqPyY4&feature=player_embedded

     

    The Locust
    The Bridge
    Extended Child’s Pose

    The Locust Pose

    Salabhasana

    The locus yoga posture is
    named as such as it resembles the shape of the insect known as the
    Locust. This pose helps to strengthen, stretch and reduce stiffness in
    the lower back while bringing flexibility to the upper back region.

    When you first begin to practice this pose, your
    legs may not move very far off the floor. Please continue and stay
    positive as you will find your range will continue to improve the more
    you practice. Learning to master this pose will hold you in good stead
    for more advanced back bends.

    To view in flash - click the image below

    Instruction Table
    1

    Come to a position lying face down on the floor, with
    your arms along side your body, palms and forehead down. Bring your
    knees and ankles together. Squeeze the shoulder blades together and
    down. Push your palms into the floor. Pull the abdominals inwards,
    contract the buttocks, and press the hips and pubis firmly into the
    floor.
     
    2

    On your next exhale; raise the legs to a height that is comfortable but challenging.

    Keep the buttocks activated, lock the knees, keep the ankles together.

     
    3

    Extend the front of your body as you pull
    the shoulder blades together, raising the head, the arms, and upper
    torso away from the floor, looking straight ahead, opening the front of
    the chest and pushing down the lines of the arms.

    Keep the legs working strongly.

    Please Visit:

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MhotDI-dqRE&feature=player_embedded

    The Bridge Pose

    The Bridge Pose is
    a simple yet very effective pose to practice. It helps to promote a
    healthy flexible spine while strengthening the legs and buttock muscles.
    It also helps to stretch and stimulate the abdominal muscles and
    organs.

    It aids in easing and stimulating the mind and is a great way to reenergize if feeling tired.

    To view in flash - click the image below

    Instruction Table
    1                                 

    Lie on your back with your legs bent, heels close to the buttocks, Feet pressing firmly into the floor, hip width and parallel. 

    Your arms should be slightly out from your sides, the palms of your hands pressing firmly into the floor.
     
    2                                

    Inhale, and with the exhale raise the hips up by pushing strongly
    into the floor with your feet. Keep the buttocks firm, and press the
    shoulders and arms into the floor. Only go to the height that you are
    comfortable with. 

    Take a few nourishing breaths in this position, as you keep opening the chest and lengthening the torso.

     
    3                                

    Now bring your arms over your head to the floor behind
    you. Keep lifting your buttocks away from the floor, keeping them
    contracted, which will protect the lower spine, and work softly with the
    breath, keeping the head and neck relaxed.

    This
    pose stretches the whole front of the body, and brings mobility to the
    spine. Breathing is improved from the opening of the ribcage and chest
    area.

    Please Visit:

    The Extended Child’s Pose / Garbhasana

    The Childs Yoga pose when
    practiced regularly is very beneficial to your entire mind and body. It
    helps to release the pressure on the spine while providing an entire
    stretch through the upper body to the fingertips. It also aids in
    strengthening and stretching the insides of the legs while massaging the
    internal organs.

    Breathing will becomes more efficient and your mind
    will become clear. It also aids in improved mental processes and helps
    to rejuvenate and energize the entire being.

    To view in flash - click the image below

    Instruction Table
    1                              

       
    Bring your big toes together and your knees wide apart, inhale as you lift your spine and extend your stomach.
     
    2                               

    Exhale bend forward from the hips as you walk you hands
    out as far in front of you as possible, extending from the hips to the
    fingertips.
     
    3                                

    Place your forehead on the ground & buttocks
    back to the heels. Work your pubis to the floor and strech the inner
    thigh muscles. Focus on the breath.
     
    4                                

    Breathing into the abdomen as you extend it
    forward in to the breastbone, creating length through the upper body.
    Exhale from deep in the abdomen relaxing in the spine and continue the
    slow controlled breathing.

      Please Visit:

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WrA5mN-MW5U&feature=player_embedded

     
    Standing Forward Bend
    The Boat (beginners)

    The Standing Forward Bend

    This pose aids in digestion and is restorative. It
    frees the rib cage allowing for improved breathing. It aids in mental
    concentration and helps to revive mental and pysichal exhaustion. The
    heartbeat is slowed and the lower back is strengthened and pressure is
    removed from the lumbar region.

    It increases flexibility while strengthening and
    developing the hamstrings. It also helps to strengthen the feet and
    ankles while realigning the entire body.

    To view in flash - click the image below

    Instruction Table
    1                              

       

    Stand in mountain pose, in the centre of your mat, with your hands in prayer position. Jump your feet wide apart.

    Keep the outside of your feet running parallel while lifting your
    arches, pulling up with the thighs and the tail bone tucked under.

     
    2                               

    Place your hands on your hips and feel the extension up out of the waist.
     
    3                                

    Inhale, As you exhale bend at the hips extend forward,
    continue lifting out of the hips keeping your legs strong and your base
    nice and firm, looking forward to begin with. Keep the extension on the
    stomach, which will help keep your back flat protecting it. 

    Take a few breaths here.
     
    4                                

    Now take your hands to the floor extending from the lower abdomen to
    the breastbone and through the spine. Some of you maybe on the finger
    tips.

    If
    you can’t keep your spine straight put your hands on your knees and
    keep slowly working down your legs, working with your body, not against
    it. Lift your sitting bones to the ceiling.

     
    5                                

    Draw your shoulders down your back so you can extend the neck with ease.

    Remember to keep the arches high.

    Please Visit:

    The Boat Pose

    Doing the boat pose will rapidly increase strength and muscle tone in your midsection.

    Keep challenging yourself to stay in this pose
    longer. If you find the stimulation of the midsection becoming intense,
    just persist with it, knowing your mind has ultimate control over the
    body.

    To view in flash - click the image below

    Instruction Table
    1                              

       
    Find yourself on your sitting bones, lifting out of the hips.

    Extend your spine upwards, and press the soles of your feet into the floor, with the knees and ankles together.
     
    2                               

    Using your fingertips on the floor for balance, extend your abdomen as you lean back slightly.
     
    3                                

    Bring your lower legs up, parallel to the floor.
    Breathe softly, in and out through the nose, while opening the chest and
    squeezing the shoulder blades together. 

    Focus on a point at eye level in front of you. You may find this pose challenging to begin with
     
    4                                

    Now bring your arms up beside your knees, parallel to the floor,
    opening the chest. Keep your focus on that point in front of you. This
    will help your stability. Continue with the controlled breathing.

    Feel the stimulation of the entire abdominal region, as you hold this pose for a few more breaths.

    Advanced Variation of The Boat

    Now bring your legs up to straight. Continue to keep your focus on that point in front of you.

    Continue with the controlled breathing.

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    swimming

    IN BRIEF: Moving through water by the motion of hands and feet.

    I
    often think that we are like the carp swimming contentedly in that
    pond. β€” Michio Kaku, Source: Hyperspace : A Scientific Odyssey Through
    Parallel Universes, Time Warps, and the 10th Dimension,

    The Dream Encyclopedia:

    Bodies of water are natural symbols of both the unconscious and the emotions. Dreaming about
    swimming
    can thus be related to the emotions or to an exploration of one’s
    unconscious (a natural dream image for someone undergoing therapy).
    Also, because we spend the first nine months of our lives in a liquid
    environment, swimming is also a symbol of birth or rebirth.

    Swimming

    Swimming
    and Diving - swimming: racing contest in which swimmers propel
    themselves across surface of water over designated distance, usualy. in
    one of four strokes

    Swimming may refer to:

    Movement and sport in water

        Aquatic locomotion, animal movement through water
        Human swimming, human movement through water
        Swimming (sport), the competitive sport of swimming

    http://www.active.com/swimming/Articles/Breathing-Tips-for-Swimmers.htm

    When
    it comes to breathing, new swimmers often struggle to master their
    technique, while veteran swimmers continually strive to perfect it. Use
    this guide to getthe air you need in the water.

    Proper Breathing Technique for Swimming

    Learn how to get comfortable in the water and find a rhythm to your breathing, even through a stressful triathlon swim start.

    Bilateral Breathing

    Many
    swimmers use only one side to breathe on, especially those who log a
    lot of freestyle yards. One of the most common questions in the swimming
    world is should you breathe on one side only or use bilateral
    breathing?
    4 Steps to Easy Breathing in Freestyle

    For beginning swimmers, learning to breathe is as important as
    discovering your stroke. Here are four ways to gradually build your confidence
    in the water.Breathing Mechanics That Will Help
    Your Freestyle

    If breathing breaks your stroke’s rhythm, the solution isn’t to
    hold your breath. Use these tips to put air in your lungs without compromising
    your technique.

    Extra Air and Fast Turns in Distance
    Swimming

    Long pool sets mean lots of flip turns. For some swimmers, not
    breathing in and out of the turn can leave them gasping for air. Next time
    you’re short of breath, try this method.

    Mastering the Top 5 Freestyle
    Breathing Challenges

    The most common questions I hear about the mysteries of swimming
    efficiently usually involve breathing. Here are the top five challenges in
    learning how to breathe in freestyle.

    Breathing Basics: Getting Comfortable

    Until your swimming breath becomes routine, effectively focusing
    on other aspects of your stroke is impossible. Try this unique out-of-the-pool
    exercise to help you get comfortable.

    Inside-Out Breathing: Get the Air You
    Need

    There’s probably a greater range of breathing skill in swimming
    than in any other activity. Elite swimmers can breathe effortlessly while
    maintaining perfect form at maximum exertion and world-record pace.

    Perfect Your Breathing With a Better
    Body Position

    Do you get fatigued easily in the water because of lack of air?
    Improve your breathing by balancing your body position.

    Q & A With Natalie Coughlin:
    Breathing and Hand Position Tips

    Olympic gold medalist Natalie Coughlin answers your questions on
    maximizing your freestyle breathing and fine-tuning your hand position.

    Q & A With Natalie Coughlin: Flip
    Turns and Better Breathing

    Olympian Natalie Coughlin answers questions about improving your
    flip turns and having greater control over your breathing.

    What is the definition for
    swimming ?

    In recreation and sports, the propulsion of the body through
    water by combined arm and leg motions. Swimming is popular as an all-around
    fitness routine and as a competitive sport. It has been included in the modern
    Olympic Games since their inception in 1896. Events include freestyle
    (crawl-stroke) races at distances of 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1,500 m;
    backstroke, breaststroke, and butterfly races at 100 and 200 m; individual
    medley races at 200 and 400 m; freestyle relays, 4 Β΄ 100 m and 4 Β΄
    200 m; and the medley relay, 4 Β΄
    100 m. Long-distance swimming competitions, usually of 15 – 37 mi (24 – 59 km),
    are generally held on lakes and inland waters.

    Swimming is one of the most popular
    recreational sports that can be enjoyed by all ages. The ability to swim
    enables people to participate in a wide variety of water sports such as
    snorkelling, water skiing, jet skiing, wind surfing, sailing, boating, fishing,
    rowing, and canoeing, without the fear of getting into trouble, and reduces the
    risk of drowning. Fear of water, particularly if a person suddenly gets out of
    their depth, prevents a lot of people going into a swimming pool or enjoying
    beach holidays. Many of the newer water sports require expertise in handling a
    craft as well as swimming proficiency.

    Water is a very dangerous place for non swimmers, particularly
    if it is cold and an excessive amount of alcohol has been drunk. Unfamiliar
    surroundings, and no knowledge of local tides, can be lethal to careless
    individuals. Water-related fatalities are the second leading cause of
    accidental death in the UK and Australia, and the third in the US. The risk of
    drowning is 2.5 deaths per 100

     000
    in USA and 1 per 100 000
    in the UK.

    Babies are taught to swim at a very young age in some countries;
    this enables them to learn to swim without fear of the water. They should have
    had their first two combined immunizations, unless they are being breast-fed.
    The water temperature should be higher than normal, a minimum of 86Β°F or 27Β°C.
    The time spent in the water should be carefully monitored; this can vary from
    10 minutes to 30 minutes but babies should not stay too long in the water as
    they lose heat rapidly.

    Swimmers are usually taught the four swimming strokes used for
    competitions; the front crawl, backstroke, breaststroke and butterfly, which
    are swum either as a single stroke or in combination over various distances.

    There are four phases of each stroke; the reach, catch, pull,
    and recovery. The arm action during the pull phase provides 75% of the
    propulsion in all strokes except the breast-stroke, where the contributions
    from the upper and lower limbs are equal. During reach or entry the arm reaches
    forwards to enter the water. In backstroke the arm entry occurs with the
    shoulder in the fully elevated position. Catch is similar in all competitive
    strokes except backstroke; the elbow flexes, the arm extends forwards at the
    shoulder and moves outwards in the horizontal plane whilst rotating towards the
    body. The pull is the propulsion phase and can vary; the swimmer either sculls
    or pushes the water. The arm action starts at maximum elevation and ends in
    extension except in breast-stroke. Recovery is the out of water phase (except
    breast-stroke), and the arm then returns to start position.

    In breast-stroke the arms move together in pull and recovery
    phase and the arms do not pull below the waistline.

    Swimming is a sport that attracts participants of all ages
    although it is largely a young sport. Competitions are organized by clubs,
    schools, and national associations. Short course competitions take place in a
    25-metre pool, long course in a 50-metre pool. Olympic swimming competitions
    are over a variety of distances and strokes, and they take place in 50-metre
    pools. Synchronized swimming, water polo, and diving are also included in the
    Olympic program

    . Swimming
    in the sea may be part of a triathlon race, and open sea races, including
    Channel swims, are also held. β€˜Masters’ swimming competitions are held for
    those over 24 years of age whereas β€˜veteran’ sports competitions in athletics
    are for the over 40s. Competitions for different age groups are held in most
    countries, and world championships also take place.

    Competitive swimming is a high-intensity training and
    performance sport. During the school year swimming training is divided into two
    sessions: the first session is in the early morning before school and the
    second session after school. The competitive swimmer usually does an average of
    12

     000-18 000 metres per day. The competition programme
    for the season should be planned well in advance so that the swimmer can peak
    for a specific competition, i.e. the swimmer reduces the amount of training to
    get the best result.

    Swimming is a relatively injury-free sport and was found to be
    the safest of eleven sports surveyed by Weightman and Brown in 1975. It is
    non-load-bearing and does not involve antigravity work, resulting in fewer
    injuries. The injuries that do occur are usually due to overuse, doing too much
    too quickly, or breaking the rules.

    To ignore warning signs of strong currents, king waves or rip
    tides may have lethal consequences. Diving into the shallow end of a pool or
    into a wave or sea where rocks are submerged may result in severe injuries.
    Pools should have the depth clearly marked so that swimmers do not dive into
    shallow water. Pools used for competition should be marked 2 metres from the
    wall at each end to judge when to turn. Flags are placed above the pool 5
    metres from the end of the pool for the backstroke turn. There are rules
    against running around the pool. Pool discipline should be maintained,
    particularly out of the pool to prevent people slipping or jumping into the
    pool on top of other swimmers. There should also be strict discipline in the
    pool when swimming lengths.

    Hyperventilation before
    trying to swim a long distance under water should be forbidden, as it increases
    the risk of hypoxia
    (lack of oxygen), and may result in loss of consciousness and
    death by drowning. The hyperventilation removes carbon dioxide and hence delays
    the stimulus to breathe when breathholding.

    Swimming programmes are helpful for both the mentally and the
    physically handicapped as they weigh less in water, and this makes it easier
    for them to move their muscles, enabling them to improve muscle tone and
    co-ordination of movement. Pregnant women can swim during their pregnancy while
    many other sports are not suitable. Swimming is also useful in rehabilitation
    of injured athletes. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis can improve their
    aerobic capacity by swimming in warm water. Asthmatics should be encouraged to
    swim, as swimming is the sport that is least likely to precipitate an asthmatic
    attack, and the fitter they are the fewer attacks they have; swimming improves
    their breathing. Asthma is not a handicap in achieving excellence in sport as
    shown by the number of Olympic gold medal swimmers who were asthmatics.

    Water aerobics is becoming a popular method of keeping fit, with
    less potential for injury than high impact aerobics. Running in the water is a
    useful method for athletes to keep fit, if they are injured and unable to cope
    with full weight-bearing on hard surfaces. Hydrotherapy is also an effective
    rehabilitation after injury. Swimming is thus a sport that can be enjoyed by
    many different groups.

    Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/swimming#ixzz1TqUeuPf1
    Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/swimming#ixzz1TqTTVV9g

    Q:  What is Avantouinti?

    Avantouinti
    is the Finnish word for β€œwinter swimming”. It may sound to many like
    masochism taken to ridiculous lengths, but it is becoming increasingly popular
    in Finland where 10% of the population have tried it and there are more than
    80,000 regular winter swimmers who tout the therapeutic benefits of winter
    swimming.  The
    typical swimmer is not some grizzled macho-type, but a middle-aged woman with a
    clerical job.

    Q:  What Happens When You
    Jump Into Cold Water?

    Sudden
    immersion in ice cold water can result in an involuntary
    gasp followed by 1 - 3 minutes of involuntary hyperventilation. Specific data are: 2.0 liter gasp in 82o
    water and 3.0 liter gasp in 50o water (i.e. nearly your entire lung
    volume), and in 50o water a 600 - 1,000 percent increase in
    ventilation (air in and out) in the first minute. This hyperventilation results
    in a profound lowering of blood carbon dioxide levels and a raising of blood pH
    levels.

    Q:  Is Winter
    Swimming Dangerous?

    The strain placed on the heart are not likely to be a problem
    for a healthy, fit person but may be dangerous for those with underlying heart
    disease or hypertension.

    Professor William R. Keating from the University of London
    indicates that there is little health risk in cold-water swimming unless a
    person starts suddenly at an old age.

    Q:  What is Cold Water
    Shock

    Rapid
    cooling of the skin triggers various heart and breathing responses. The heart
    rate can increase by 50% and blood pressure increase can increase to 175/93.
    Although a substantial strain on the heart, these changes are not likely to be
    a problem for a healthy, fit person but may be dangerous for those with
    underlying heart disease or hypertension.

     

    Q:  Why is Cold Water
    Swimming Becoming a Fitness Fad?

    The number of people who swear by the therapeutic qualities of
    outdoor winter swimming have increased dramatically of late. Clubs have sprung
    up across the country for the reason that it the ideal form of gentle health
    care. The benefits can be very great, it can stimulate mental processes,
    produce hormones which make the body able to cope with physical stresses and
    can increase the level of mental awareness and a feeling of well-being.
    It can also release stress, remove aches and pains, increase vitality and keep
    skin looking younger. Apparently the frost is a great preserver!  
    Many even treat their asthma or arthritis with cold water swimming.
    Dhammarakkhita

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