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Third Noble Truth: Reality of the Cessation of Suffering — Which Is to Be Actualized
Jhana
Jhana
Peace
by the SeaJhana is a meditative state of profound stillness and
concentration in which the mind becomes fully immersed and absorbed in
the chosen object of attention. It is the cornerstone in the development
of Right Concentration.
by the SeaJhana is a meditative state of profound stillness and
concentration in which the mind becomes fully immersed and absorbed in
the chosen object of attention. It is the cornerstone in the development
of Right Concentration.
The definition (with similes)
buddhist-spirituality.org
Jhana
Jhana
is a meditative state of profound stillness and concentration in which
the mind becomes fully immersed and absorbed in the chosen object of
attention.
is a meditative state of profound stillness and concentration in which
the mind becomes fully immersed and absorbed in the chosen object of
attention.
[First jhana]
“There
is the case where a monk — quite withdrawn from sensuality, withdrawn
from unskillful qualities — enters and remains in the first jhana:
rapture and pleasure born from withdrawal, accompanied by directed
thought and evaluation. He permeates and pervades, suffuses and fills
this very body with the rapture and pleasure born from withdrawal. There
is nothing of his entire body unpervaded by rapture and pleasure born
from withdrawal.
is the case where a monk — quite withdrawn from sensuality, withdrawn
from unskillful qualities — enters and remains in the first jhana:
rapture and pleasure born from withdrawal, accompanied by directed
thought and evaluation. He permeates and pervades, suffuses and fills
this very body with the rapture and pleasure born from withdrawal. There
is nothing of his entire body unpervaded by rapture and pleasure born
from withdrawal.
“Just as if a skilled bathman
or bathman’s apprentice would pour bath powder into a brass basin and
knead it together, sprinkling it again and again with water, so that his
ball of bath powder — saturated, moisture-laden, permeated within and
without — would nevertheless not drip; even so, the monk permeates,
suffuses and fills this very body with the rapture and pleasure born of
withdrawal. There is nothing of his entire body unpervaded by rapture
and pleasure born from withdrawal…
or bathman’s apprentice would pour bath powder into a brass basin and
knead it together, sprinkling it again and again with water, so that his
ball of bath powder — saturated, moisture-laden, permeated within and
without — would nevertheless not drip; even so, the monk permeates,
suffuses and fills this very body with the rapture and pleasure born of
withdrawal. There is nothing of his entire body unpervaded by rapture
and pleasure born from withdrawal…
[Second jhana]
“Furthermore,
with the stilling of directed thoughts and evaluations, he enters and
remains in the second jhana: rapture and pleasure born of composure,
unification of awareness free from directed thought and evaluation —
internal assurance. He permeates and pervades, suffuses and fills this
very body with the rapture and pleasure born of composure. There is
nothing of his entire body unpervaded by rapture and pleasure born of
composure.
with the stilling of directed thoughts and evaluations, he enters and
remains in the second jhana: rapture and pleasure born of composure,
unification of awareness free from directed thought and evaluation —
internal assurance. He permeates and pervades, suffuses and fills this
very body with the rapture and pleasure born of composure. There is
nothing of his entire body unpervaded by rapture and pleasure born of
composure.
“Just like a lake with spring-water
welling up from within, having no inflow from east, west, north, or
south, and with the skies periodically supplying abundant showers, so
that the cool fount of water welling up from within the lake would
permeate and pervade, suffuse and fill it with cool waters, there being
no part of the lake unpervaded by the cool waters; even so, the monk
permeates and pervades, suffuses and fills this very body with the
rapture and pleasure born of composure. There is nothing of his entire
body unpervaded by rapture and pleasure born of composure…
welling up from within, having no inflow from east, west, north, or
south, and with the skies periodically supplying abundant showers, so
that the cool fount of water welling up from within the lake would
permeate and pervade, suffuse and fill it with cool waters, there being
no part of the lake unpervaded by the cool waters; even so, the monk
permeates and pervades, suffuses and fills this very body with the
rapture and pleasure born of composure. There is nothing of his entire
body unpervaded by rapture and pleasure born of composure…
[Third jhana]
“And
furthermore, with the fading of rapture, he remains equanimous,
mindful, and alert, and senses pleasure with the body. He enters and
remains in the third jhana, of which the Noble Ones declare, ‘Equanimous
and mindful, he has a pleasant abiding.’ He permeates and pervades,
suffuses and fills this very body with the pleasure divested of rapture,
so that there is nothing of his entire body unpervaded with pleasure
divested of rapture.
furthermore, with the fading of rapture, he remains equanimous,
mindful, and alert, and senses pleasure with the body. He enters and
remains in the third jhana, of which the Noble Ones declare, ‘Equanimous
and mindful, he has a pleasant abiding.’ He permeates and pervades,
suffuses and fills this very body with the pleasure divested of rapture,
so that there is nothing of his entire body unpervaded with pleasure
divested of rapture.
“Just as in a blue-, white-,
or red-lotus pond, there may be some of the blue, white, or red lotuses
which, born and growing in the water, stay immersed in the water and
flourish without standing up out of the water, so that they are
permeated and pervaded, suffused and filled with cool water from their
roots to their tips, and nothing of those blue, white, or red lotuses
would be unpervaded with cool water; even so, the monk permeates and
pervades, suffuses and fills this very body with the pleasure divested
of rapture. There is nothing of his entire body unpervaded with pleasure
divested of rapture…
or red-lotus pond, there may be some of the blue, white, or red lotuses
which, born and growing in the water, stay immersed in the water and
flourish without standing up out of the water, so that they are
permeated and pervaded, suffused and filled with cool water from their
roots to their tips, and nothing of those blue, white, or red lotuses
would be unpervaded with cool water; even so, the monk permeates and
pervades, suffuses and fills this very body with the pleasure divested
of rapture. There is nothing of his entire body unpervaded with pleasure
divested of rapture…
[Fourth jhana]
“And
furthermore, with the abandoning of pleasure and stress — as with the
earlier disappearance of elation and distress — he enters and remains in
the fourth jhana: purity of equanimity and mindfulness,
neither-pleasure-nor-pain. He sits, permeating the body with a pure,
bright awareness, so that there is nothing of his entire body unpervaded
by pure, bright awareness.
furthermore, with the abandoning of pleasure and stress — as with the
earlier disappearance of elation and distress — he enters and remains in
the fourth jhana: purity of equanimity and mindfulness,
neither-pleasure-nor-pain. He sits, permeating the body with a pure,
bright awareness, so that there is nothing of his entire body unpervaded
by pure, bright awareness.
“Just as if a man were sitting wrapped from head to foot with a white cloth so that there would
be no part of his body to which the white cloth did not extend; even
so, the monk sits, permeating his body with a pure, bright awareness.
There is nothing of his entire body unpervaded by pure, bright
awareness.”
be no part of his body to which the white cloth did not extend; even
so, the monk sits, permeating his body with a pure, bright awareness.
There is nothing of his entire body unpervaded by pure, bright
awareness.”
(Anguttara Nikaya, 5.28)
Shared with Public
Mastery of jhana is a mark of wisdom
“I declare a person endowed with four qualities to be one of great discernment, a great man. Which four?
“There
is the case, brahman, where he practices for the welfare and happiness
of many people and has established many people in the noble method, that
is, the rightness of what is admirable, the rightness of what is
skillful.
is the case, brahman, where he practices for the welfare and happiness
of many people and has established many people in the noble method, that
is, the rightness of what is admirable, the rightness of what is
skillful.
“He thinks
any thought he wants to think, and doesn’t think any thought he doesn’t
want to think. He wills any resolve he wants to will, and doesn’t will
any resolve he doesn’t want to will. He has attained mastery of the mind
with regard to the pathways of thought.
any thought he wants to think, and doesn’t think any thought he doesn’t
want to think. He wills any resolve he wants to will, and doesn’t will
any resolve he doesn’t want to will. He has attained mastery of the mind
with regard to the pathways of thought.
“He
attains — whenever he wants, without strain, without difficulty — the
four jhanas that are heightened mental states, pleasant abidings in the
here-and-now.
attains — whenever he wants, without strain, without difficulty — the
four jhanas that are heightened mental states, pleasant abidings in the
here-and-now.
“With
the ending of mental fermentations — he remains in the
fermentation-free awareness-release and discernment-release, having
directly known and realized them for himself right in the here-and-now.
the ending of mental fermentations — he remains in the
fermentation-free awareness-release and discernment-release, having
directly known and realized them for himself right in the here-and-now.
“…I declare a person endowed with these four qualities to be one of great discernment, a great man.”
(Anguttara Nikaya, 4.35)
Jhana and insight, hand-in-hand
There’s no jhana
for one with no discernment,
no discernment
for one with no jhana.
But one with both jhana
and discernment:
he’s on the verge
of Unbinding.
(Dhammapada, 372)
Source: “Jhana: jhana“, edited by Access to Insight. Access to Insight (Legacy Edition), 30 November 2013, http://www.accesstoinsight.org/…/samma-samadhi/jhana.html . (This format produced by Alexander Peck.)
©2005 Access to Insight.
The
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License. To view a copy of the license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. Documents linked from this page may be subject to other restrictions. Last revised for Access to Insight on 30 November 2013.
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For a PDF file, click Jhana.
For an MS Word file, click Jhana.
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indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner,
but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NAMO BUDDHAYA Dear Dhamma Friends,
Mahabodhi Meditation Centre welcomes you to 5 Days Meditation Retreat.
TEACHER: Ven. Bhikkhu Buddhadatta
Bhikkhu
Buddhadatta, is a senior disciple of Ven. Acharya Buddharakkhita,
ordained as a monk at the age of 19. He was very fortunate to have
served personally and lived closely with Bada Bhante Ji for 5 years and
underwent intensive monastic training by the Acharya.
Buddhadatta, is a senior disciple of Ven. Acharya Buddharakkhita,
ordained as a monk at the age of 19. He was very fortunate to have
served personally and lived closely with Bada Bhante Ji for 5 years and
underwent intensive monastic training by the Acharya.
Learnt
Dhamma under Ven. Bhikkhu Bodhi, Practised mediation under Most Ven.
Ajahan Dtun, Ajahn Anan of Thailand. Served at various field of Dhamma
as an active Dhammaduta, a Dhamma teacher, currently serving as the
Director of Mahabodhi Research centre at Bengaluru, conducting Ph.D
programs, Diploma, certificate, UG and PG courses in Buddhist studies.
Having in-depth blend of study and practise,the Venerable is gifted with
unique ways of guiding meditators in bringing about peace insight and
wisdom in a simple yet profound manner.
Dhamma under Ven. Bhikkhu Bodhi, Practised mediation under Most Ven.
Ajahan Dtun, Ajahn Anan of Thailand. Served at various field of Dhamma
as an active Dhammaduta, a Dhamma teacher, currently serving as the
Director of Mahabodhi Research centre at Bengaluru, conducting Ph.D
programs, Diploma, certificate, UG and PG courses in Buddhist studies.
Having in-depth blend of study and practise,the Venerable is gifted with
unique ways of guiding meditators in bringing about peace insight and
wisdom in a simple yet profound manner.
COURSE TYPE: Residential in-person attend at the center not online.
FACILITIES: Food, Accommodations
Benefits from the Course:
1. Cultivate awareness, improved concentration.
2. Experience love, peace, and stillness that is within yourselves
3. Reduce stress and anxiety.
4. Building skills to manage your stress.
5. Reducing negative emotions.
6. Increasing patience and tolerance
Make
the best use of this valuable Meditation course and please do share
this information as your Dhamma gift with your family, relatives, and
friends.
the best use of this valuable Meditation course and please do share
this information as your Dhamma gift with your family, relatives, and
friends.
COURSE DURATION: 25th August - 30th August 2022
LANGUAGE: English/Hindi
PLACE:
Mahabodhi Dhammaduta Vihara, Narasipura Village, Matthahalli, Alur
Road, Dasanapura, Hobli, Bengaluru, Karnataka- 562123
Mahabodhi Dhammaduta Vihara, Narasipura Village, Matthahalli, Alur
Road, Dasanapura, Hobli, Bengaluru, Karnataka- 562123
The Course is free of cost, you may offer Donations
Registration is Compulsory.
For Registration: Please Click the Link Below to enroll.
For more information
Please Contact:
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Broccoli
Broccoli is another fantastic vegetable for gardeners. It is a great source of protein, thiamin, and vitamin E.
Broccoli is a cold hardy plant that can be planted immediately after the last frost.
Broccoli is best served cooked with olive oil or cheese but also can be eaten raw.
- Container Size: 5-gallon window box
- When to Plant: Immediately after the last frost
- How to Grow it: Plant 6-8 inches deep. Plant 12 inches apart.
- Watering Needs: Water Immediately after planting and then two to three times a week for 15 seconds.
- Where to place it: Partial-Sun
- Life Cycle: Annual Plant
- When to Harvest: Slowly pick 90 days after planting
https://www.wikihow.com/Grow-Broccoli
How to Grow Broccoli
Download Article
Broccoli is a tasty member of the brassica family packed full of
healthy vitamins. It is one of the easiest members of the brassica
family to grow and requires little maintenance throughout the growing
cycle. Broccoli is a unique crop in that it can yield two harvests per
year (one in the fall and one in the summer) depending on when you plant
it. Choose an area of your garden with full sun and rich soil and start
planting today.
Method 1
Method 1
Download Article
1
Test your soil.
Broccoli prefers soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. You can test the
soil and add different nutrients to adjust its acidity. Be sure to test
the soil periodically throughout the growing process. In addition to pH,
the soil test results will tell you if your soil lacks any important
nutrients, which you can add with soil amendments.
- Your local agricultural extension office should have soil testing forms, bags and instructions available.
- If your soil’s pH level is below 6.0, add acid compost or planting mix.
- If your soil’s pH is above 7.0, mix in granular sulfur.
2
Make sure the soil drains well and is very fertile.
If your soil test reveals you have low quality soil, or if your soil
drains poorly, there are several things you can do to ready your garden
for planting broccoli:
If your soil test reveals you have low quality soil, or if your soil
drains poorly, there are several things you can do to ready your garden
for planting broccoli:
- If your soil is prone to flooding, consider building a garden planter box
to raise your soil above the ground. If possible, use cedar wood to
build your planter box, as it does not rot when exposed to water. - To increase the fertility of your soil, mix up to four inches of mature compost into your soil. If your soil is in particularly poor condition, also add a high-nitrogen organic fertilizer to enrich the soil.
- Organic fertilizers like alfalfa, cottonseed meal, and manure are good choices for planting broccoli.
3
Choose an area of your garden with full sun. While broccoli prefers full sun, it will tolerate some shade.
4
Direct-sow your seeds outdoors. For a summer harvest,
sow seeds two to three weeks before the last spring frost. For a fall
harvest, direct sow seeds outdoors 85 to 100 days before the first fall
frost.
sow seeds two to three weeks before the last spring frost. For a fall
harvest, direct sow seeds outdoors 85 to 100 days before the first fall
frost.
- Alternately, start your seeds indoors. If you choose to start your
seeds indoors, plant them in peat pots or other small seedling pots.
Keep them in a sunny room. - If sowing seeds indoors, you can plant them earlier and transplant
them to the garden 2 or 3 weeks before the last frost. If you plant them
in separate pots or tray containers, you won’t need to thin them later.
5
Plant the broccoli seeds in widely spaced rows.
Organize your plot into rows about 36 inches (90 cm) apart. Dig holes
every 12 to 24 inches (30 to 60 cm) along each row. Place a few seeds in
each hole and cover with soil.
Organize your plot into rows about 36 inches (90 cm) apart. Dig holes
every 12 to 24 inches (30 to 60 cm) along each row. Place a few seeds in
each hole and cover with soil.
- Optionally, you can sow seeds every 6 inches (15 cm) instead and thin out the smaller or less healthy plants as they grow.
- Use a rake to lightly smooth the soil over the seeds if you are
planting outdoors, but be sure not to disturb the seeds themselves. - Simply pat the soil over your seeds with your fingers if planting in peat pots.
6
Water thoroughly after sowing broccoli seeds. Drench
the soil, but be sure not to leave puddles of water, broccoli enjoys
good drainage. If you planted the seeds indoors, use a spray bottle to
dampen the soil.
the soil, but be sure not to leave puddles of water, broccoli enjoys
good drainage. If you planted the seeds indoors, use a spray bottle to
dampen the soil.
7
Regulate the soil temperature. If direct sowing outdoors, apply an organic mulch
made of mature compost, leaves, or bark to keep soil cool. Alternately,
if you are planting in cool temperatures, apply a black plastic
covering to heat the soil. You can buy plastic coverings at your local
garden supply store, but any semi-sturdy black plastic such as a tarp
will work.
made of mature compost, leaves, or bark to keep soil cool. Alternately,
if you are planting in cool temperatures, apply a black plastic
covering to heat the soil. You can buy plastic coverings at your local
garden supply store, but any semi-sturdy black plastic such as a tarp
will work.
8
Thin your outdoor seedlings. When your outdoor
seedlings reach one inch (2.5 cm) in height, you may need to thin the
plants in order to allow them space to grow. Remove smaller or
unhealthy-looking plants until the survivors are 12 to 24 inches (30 to
60 cm) apart. This will prevent overcrowding as the broccoli plants
continue to grow.[1]
Method 2
Method 2
Transplanting Indoor Seedlings
Download Article
-
1Transplant seedlings when they are four to six inches in height.
Usually this will take about six weeks. The height and plant
development are more important than the duration of the germination
process.
2
Water the bed thoroughly before setting out seedlings.
Make sure you have completed the proper soil preparation methods
outlined above before transplanting your seedlings, including
fertilizing the soil.
Make sure you have completed the proper soil preparation methods
outlined above before transplanting your seedlings, including
fertilizing the soil.
Dig holes about three inches deep and space seedlings one to two feet apart. Position plants to the same depth they were in pots/containers. Miniature varieties can be planted as close as one foot apart.
4
Regulate the soil temperature. For summer plantings,
apply an organic mulch of compost, leaves, or bark to keep soil cool.
For winter plantings, apply a black plastic covering to heat the soil.[2]
5
Dampen the soil with a thorough watering after transplanting.
Method 3
Method 3
Caring For Your Broccoli Plants
Download Article
1
Water your broccoli plants regularly. Allow your plants between one and one and a half inches of water per week. Broccoli likes moist soil.
- You can use a rain gauge to see how much water the plants are getting naturally, and make up the difference with irrigation.
- Make sure not to get the budding broccoli crowns wet when watering. Doing so causes them to mold.
- In particularly hot or dry conditions, increase the amount of water you feed your plants.
2
Fertilize your plants about three weeks after planting.
Use an organic, nitrogen-rich fertilizer when your broccoli plants
begin to form new leaves. Fish emulsion works well for fertilizing
broccoli plants. You can continue to fertilize the plants about once a
week until they are ready for harvest.
Use an organic, nitrogen-rich fertilizer when your broccoli plants
begin to form new leaves. Fish emulsion works well for fertilizing
broccoli plants. You can continue to fertilize the plants about once a
week until they are ready for harvest.
3
Avoid digging or turning the soil. Broccoli plants
have very shallow roots. If you disturb the soil you may accidentally
break roots and damage your broccoli plants.
have very shallow roots. If you disturb the soil you may accidentally
break roots and damage your broccoli plants.
- If weeds develop around the plants, suffocate them with mulch
instead of plucking them from the ground to avoid disturbing the roots.[3]
- If you choose not to grow organically, you can also use a chemical
pesticide to remove unwanted weeds from your garden without disturbing
the broccoli roots.
4
Harvest your broccoli plants.
You want to harvest your broccoli crowns when the buds are tightly
closed and dark green. Avoid waiting until the buds begin to flower into
light green or yellow flowers. Cut the crown where it meets the stem
using garden shears.
- See “Choosing a Variety” above for exact growing times for specific varieties.
- Avoid breaking the crown off. A clean cut will better encourage new growth.
- With a healthy cut, the broccoli plant should grow small shoots from
the side of the stem. You can continue to harvest the small shoots, and
the plant should produce more.[4]
Method 4
Method 4
Download Article
1
Choose a large-headed variety if you have plenty of growing space.
Large-headed varieties produce large crowns between fall and spring.
These are the most commonly found variety. These varieties take 50 to 70
days to mature if planted in the spring, and 65 to 90 days to mature if
planted in the fall. Large headed varieties include:
Large-headed varieties produce large crowns between fall and spring.
These are the most commonly found variety. These varieties take 50 to 70
days to mature if planted in the spring, and 65 to 90 days to mature if
planted in the fall. Large headed varieties include:
- Arcadia
- Belstar
- Munchkin
- Nutri-Bud
- Pac-man
2
Choose a sprouting variety to plant in a mild winter climate.
Sprouting varieties are characterized by their bushy appearance and
small crown size. They develop best between fall and spring. These
varieties take 50 to 70 days to mature if planted in the spring, and 65
to 90 days to mature if planted in the fall. Sprouting varieties
include:
Sprouting varieties are characterized by their bushy appearance and
small crown size. They develop best between fall and spring. These
varieties take 50 to 70 days to mature if planted in the spring, and 65
to 90 days to mature if planted in the fall. Sprouting varieties
include:
- Calabrese
- De Cicco
- Purple Peacock
- Purple Sprouting
3
Choose a romanesco variety if you have good quality soil. Romanesco
varieties grow in swirled, cone-shaped crowns that look very ornamental
in the garden and are crunchy when eaten. Romanesco varieties prefer
temperatures in the 80-degree range and plenty of water. These varieties
take 75 to 90 days to mature if planted in the spring, and 85 to 100
days to mature if planted in the fall. Romanesco varieties include:
varieties grow in swirled, cone-shaped crowns that look very ornamental
in the garden and are crunchy when eaten. Romanesco varieties prefer
temperatures in the 80-degree range and plenty of water. These varieties
take 75 to 90 days to mature if planted in the spring, and 85 to 100
days to mature if planted in the fall. Romanesco varieties include:
- Natalino
- Romanesco Italia
- Veronica
4
Choose broccoli raab to grow broccoli quickly in a cool climate.
These varieties are harvested as buds, making them richer in flavor
that other varieties. They take only 40 to 55 days to mature if planted
in the spring, and 50 to 75 days to mature if planted in the fall.
Broccoli raab varieties include:
- Early Fall Rapini
- Sessantina Grossa
- Sorrento
- Zamboni[5]
