Free Online FOOD for MIND & HUNGER - DO GOOD ๐Ÿ˜Š PURIFY MIND.To live like free birds ๐Ÿฆ ๐Ÿฆข ๐Ÿฆ… grow fruits ๐Ÿ ๐ŸŠ ๐Ÿฅ‘ ๐Ÿฅญ ๐Ÿ‡ ๐ŸŒ ๐ŸŽ ๐Ÿ‰ ๐Ÿ’ ๐Ÿ‘ ๐Ÿฅ vegetables ๐Ÿฅฆ ๐Ÿฅ• ๐Ÿฅ— ๐Ÿฅฌ ๐Ÿฅ” ๐Ÿ† ๐Ÿฅœ ๐ŸŽƒ ๐Ÿซ‘ ๐Ÿ…๐Ÿœ ๐Ÿง… ๐Ÿ„ ๐Ÿ ๐Ÿฅ— ๐Ÿฅ’ ๐ŸŒฝ ๐Ÿ ๐Ÿซ‘ ๐ŸŒณ ๐Ÿ“ ๐ŸŠ ๐Ÿฅฅ ๐ŸŒต ๐Ÿˆ ๐ŸŒฐ ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ง ๐Ÿซ ๐Ÿ… ๐Ÿ ๐Ÿซ’Plants ๐ŸŒฑin pots ๐Ÿชด along with Meditative Mindful Swimming ๐ŸŠโ€โ™‚๏ธ to Attain NIBBฤ€NA the Eternal Bliss.
Kushinara NIBBฤ€NA Bhumi Pagoda White Home, Puniya Bhumi Bengaluru, Prabuddha Bharat International.
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LESSON 4028 Mon 12 Jul 2021 Do Good Purify Mind Attain Eternal Bliss Awakened Ashoka Manimegalai (AAM Fellow) Overcome Hunger Illness as said by Buddha. Plant and eat like birds raw Broccoli, peppers cucumbers carrots beans vegetables, Dwarf fruit ๐ŸŽ ๐Ÿ‰ trees in pots and all over the world and in Space as planned by NASA, British billionaire Richard Branson flew into space Sunday aboard a Virgin Galactic vessel and Fellow billionaire Jeff Bezos. Entire Earth and Space are Amudha SURABI of Manimegalai. Ashoka planted fruit bearing trees all over his empire. Worked as Senior Manager (Design) in Aeronautical Research and Design Centre designed 100 seat aircraft using the latest Integrated Product Design concept. Earlier serviced and repaired all Aircraft Instruments and also in first, second, third and fourth line service departments. Now willing to be a working partner in your esteemed organisation to plant nutritious vegetables to overcome hunger of all sentient and non-sentient beings. As a long distance mindful swimmer will be able to plant vegetable and fruit trees in the space.
Filed under: General
Posted by: site admin @ 9:02 pm
LESSON 4028  Mon 12 Jul 2021
Do
Good Purify Mind Attain Eternal Bliss                                  
                                                                       
         
Awakened Ashoka Manimegalai (AAM Fellow)
Overcome Hunger Illness as said by Buddha.  
 Plant
and eat like birds  raw Broccoli, peppers  cucumbers  carrots  beans
vegetables, Dwarf  fruit ๐ŸŽ ๐Ÿ‰ trees in pots and all over the world and
in Space as planned by NASA, British billionaire Richard Branson flew
into space Sunday aboard a Virgin Galactic vessel and Fellow
 billionaire Jeff Bezos.
Entire Earth and Space are  Amudha SURABI of Manimegalai.
Ashoka planted fruit bearing trees all over his empire.
Worked
as Senior Manager (Design) in Aeronautical Research and Design Centre
designed 100 seat aircraft using the latest Integrated Product Design
concept. Earlier serviced and repaired all  Aircraft Instruments and
also in first, second, third and fourth line service departments. Now
willing to be a working partner in your esteemed organisation to plant
nutritious vegetables to overcome hunger of all sentient and
non-sentient beings. As a long distance mindful swimmer will be able to
plant vegetable and fruit trees in the space.  

Jagatheesan Chandrasekharan  
Kushinara Nibbana Bhumi Pagoda
A 3D 360 Degree Circle Vision Meditation Lab.
White Home
668, 5A Main Road,8th Cross,  HAL III Stage
Punya Bhumi Bengaluru  
Magadhi Karnataka State  
Prabuddha Bharath International  
 
http://sarvajan.ambedkar.org  
buddhasaid2us@gmail.com    
jcs4ever@outlook.com  
jchandrasekharan@yahoo.com
     
9449835875,9449260443

080-25203792


https://youtu.be/3OvZptlgR1k

How to Make Easy Cucumber Tomato Salad | The Stay At Home Chef
The Stay At Home Chef
918K subscribers
Cucumber
Tomato Salad is a super simple healthy salad that packs a punch of
flavor. You’ll love the delicious lemon dill dressing!
__________ยญโฌ‡๏ธโฌ‡๏ธโฌ‡๏ธโฌ‡๏ธ CLICK FOR RECIPE โฌ‡๏ธโฌ‡๏ธโฌ‡๏ธโฌ‡๏ธ ___________
PRINTABLE RECIPE: ๐Ÿ–จ๏ธhttps://thestayathomechef.com/cucumbe… ๐Ÿ–จ๏ธ
๐Ÿด๐Ÿด๐Ÿด๐Ÿด๐Ÿด๐Ÿด๐Ÿด๐Ÿด๐Ÿด
โœ…Ingredients
โ€ข 2 English cucumbers, diced
โ€ข 1 pint cherry tomatoes, quartered
โ€ข 1 red onion, diced
โ€ข 2 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil
โ€ข 2 tablespoons lemon juice
โ€ข 1 tablespoon apple cider vinegar
โ€ข 1 teaspoon granulated sugar or honey
โ€ข 1 teaspoon salt
โ€ข 1/2 teaspoon black pepper
โ€ข 2 tablespoons fresh dill, minced
โœ…Instructions
00:00:13 - How to dice cucumbers
00:00:29 - How to cut cherry tomatoes
00:00:44 - How to dice a red onion
00:01:00 - Dressing
00:01:24 - Add dressing and toss
1๏ธโƒฃ In a large bowl, toss together cucumber, tomatoes, and onion.
2๏ธโƒฃ In a small bowl, whisk together olive oil, lemon juice, vinegar, sugar, salt, pepper, and dill.
3๏ธโƒฃ Pour over cucumbers and toss to combine.
4๏ธโƒฃ Cover and refrigerate at least 1 hour before serving.
๐Ÿด๐Ÿด๐Ÿด๐Ÿด๐Ÿด๐Ÿด๐Ÿด๐Ÿด๐Ÿด
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How to Cook a Thick Cut Pork Chop: https://goo.gl/PWWV5h
How to Make Easy Cucumber Tomato Salad | The Stay At Home Chef

https://youtu.be/P8MsBNrlQ2o

Broccoli Cucumber Salad from Isha Yoga Centerโ€™s A Taste of Well-Being
Being Mrs. Singh
7.52K subscribersโ€ฆ
See more
Broccoli Cucumber Salad from Isha Yoga Centerโ€™s A Taste of Well-Being
#thejoyofeating
#eatingthatsparkjoyRecipe from Isha Yoga Centreโ€™s A Taste of
Well-being: Sadhguruโ€™s insights for your gastronomical.
https://youtu.be/55EIM2cQxp0
free online step by step guide to prepare recipie of raw broccoli, capcicum, cucumber, carrot and beans with pictures and videos

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https://www.nasa.gov/content/growing-plants-in-space

Friends


Exploration Research and Technology
Growing Plants in Space
NASA’s Matt Romeyn works in the Veggie Lab of the Space Station Processing Facility at the agency’s Kennedy Space Center.
NASA’s
Matt Romeyn works in the Crop Food Production Research Area of the
Space Station Processing Facility at the agency’s Kennedy Space Center
in Florida.
Credits: NASA/Cory Huston
As
humans explore space, we will want to bring plants for both aesthetic
and practical reasons. We already know from our pioneering astronauts
that fresh flowers and gardens on the International Space Station create
a beautiful atmosphere and let us take a little piece of Earth with us
on our journeys. Theyโ€™re good for our psychological well-being on Earth
and in space. They also will be critical for keeping astronauts healthy
on long-duration missions.
A
lack of vitamin C was all it took to give sailors scurvy, and vitamin
deficiencies can cause a number of other health problems. Simply packing
some multi-vitamins will not be enough to keep astronauts healthy as
they explore deep space. They will need fresh produce.
Right
now on the space station, astronauts receive regular shipments of a
wide variety of freeze-dried and prepackaged meals to cover their
dietary needs โ€“ resupply missions keep them freshly stocked. When crews
venture further into space, traveling for months or years without
resupply shipments, the vitamins in prepackaged form break down over
time, which presents a problem for astronaut health.
NASA
is looking at ways to provide astronauts with nutrients in a
long-lasting, easily absorbed formโ€”freshly grown fresh fruits and
vegetables. The challenge is how to do that in a closed environment
without sunlight or Earthโ€™s gravity.
Veggie
The
Vegetable Production System, known as Veggie, is a space garden
residing on the space station. Veggieโ€™s purpose is to help NASA study
plant growth in microgravity, while adding fresh food to the astronautsโ€™
diet and enhancing happiness and well-being on the orbiting laboratory.
The Veggie garden is about the size of a carry-on piece of luggage and
typically holds six plants. Each plant grows in a โ€œpillowโ€ filled with a
clay-based growth media and fertilizer. The pillows are important to
help distribute water, nutrients and air in a healthy balance around the
roots. Otherwise, the roots would either drown in water or be engulfed
by air because of the way fluids in space tend to form bubbles.
In
the absence of gravity, plants use other environmental factors, such as
light, to orient and guide growth. A bank of light emitting diodes
(LEDs) above the plants produces a spectrum of light suited for the
plantsโ€™ growth. Since plants reflect a lot of green light and use more
red and blue wavelengths, the Veggie chamber typically glows magenta
pink.
To date, Veggie
has successfully grown a variety of plants, including three types of
lettuce, Chinese cabbage, mizuna mustard, red Russian kale and zinnia
flowers. The flowers were especially popular with astronaut Scott Kelly,
who picked a bouquet and photographed it floating in the cupola against
the backdrop of Earth. Some of the plants were harvested and eaten by
the crew members, with remaining samples returned to Earth to be
analyzed. One concern was harmful microbes growing on the produce. So
far, no harmful contamination has been detected, and the food has been
safe (and enjoyable) for the crew to eat.
Our
team at Kennedy Space Center envisions planting more produce in the
future, such as tomatoes and peppers. Foods like berries, certain beans
and other antioxidant-rich foods would have the added benefit of
providing some space radiation protection for crew members who eat them.
Veggie Fact Sheet
Advanced Plant Habitat
The
Advanced Plant Habitat (APH), like Veggie, is a growth chamber on
station for plant research. It uses LED lights and a porous clay
substrate with controlled release fertilizer to deliver water, nutrients
and oxygen to the plant roots.
But
unlike Veggie, it is enclosed and automated with cameras and more than
180 sensors that are in constant interactive contact with a team on the
ground at Kennedy, so it doesnโ€™t need much day-to-day care from the
crew. Its water recovery and distribution, atmosphere content, moisture
levels and temperature are all automated. It has more colors of LED
lights than Veggie, with red, green, and blue lights, but also white,
far red and even infrared to allow for nighttime imaging.
When
a harvest is ready for research studies, the crew collects samples from
the plants, freezes or chemically fixes them to preserve them, and
sends them back down to Earth to be studied so scientists can better
understand how space affected their growth and development.
APH
had its first test run on the space station in Spring 2018 using
Arabidopsis thaliana (the โ€œwhite mouse of the plant research worldโ€) and
dwarf wheat. The time-lapse video of this was a popular social media
release from the space station worldwide.
Dr.
Norman Lewis is the principal investigator for the Arabidopsis
Gravitational Response Omics (Arabidopsis-GRO) consortium study, which
will be the first study using APH. He and his collaborators are
especially interested in what happens to plants in space at the gene,
protein and metabolite level, and what changes occur and why.
A
key question they want to answer is the relationship between
microgravity and plant lignin content. Lignins in plants have functions
whose closest analogy is that of bones in humans. They give structure
and rigidity to plants and the means to stand upright against gravity.
We already know space causes bone and muscle loss in humans because the
physical demands are lower in space. So what about lignins?
Lewis
and his team also want to know if plants genetically engineered to have
less lignin can survive and function normally in space. This could give
space-grown plants several advantages, including being better for
nutrient absorption when humans eat them and in making plant waste
easier for composting. Lewis and his team believe this fundamental
science information will guide our strategies for deep space exploration
and colonization.
Lewis
knows space science has come a long way already โ€” and that the
possibilities on the horizon were previously the world of fiction!
Biological Research in Canisters
The
Biological Research in Canisters (BRIC) is a facility used to study the
effects of space on organisms small enough to grow in petri dishes,
such as yeast and microbes. BRIC-LED is the latest version, which added
light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to support biology such as plants, mosses,
algae and cyanobacteria that need light to make their food.
Right
now, BRIC-LED is undergoing hardware validation tests. Scientists want
to ensure the LEDs donโ€™t get too hot for the plants and do other system
checks. Soon, researchers such as Dr. Simon Gilroy of the University of
Wisconsin-Madison will use it to conduct studies.
Gilroy
is interested in how the Arabidopsis plantโ€™s gene expression changes in
space. โ€œThere are literally thousands of experiments done on Earth [on
Arabidopsis],โ€ Gilroy explains. โ€œCold shock. Touched them. Not watered
them. Too much water. Shouted at them,โ€ he says with a chuckle. โ€œThose
databases are all available to us. So we look and see if there are any
patterns anyone has found and what on the ground mimics what happens in
space.โ€
Some
patterns that arise are expected, like when the genes associated with
gravity become altered. But two patterns that have caught Gilroyโ€™s
attention have to do with the plantsโ€™ immune system.
The
plants seem to have increased stress from oxidation. Normal chemistry
in the cells makes a very reactive oxygen-based chemical. Uncontrolled,
this โ€œreactive oxygen speciesโ€ can react with the machinery that repairs
DNA and mess that up, or it can damage mitochondria. In a healthy
plant, the cells have ways of dealing with it. But in space, plants are
making more of it.
The
other pattern is certain genes associated with the immune system turn
on and others switch off in space. Scientists suspect this may
compromise that plantsโ€™ ability to fight off infections.
There
is anecdotal evidence, too, that plants in space may be struggling to
fend off pathogens. Once, the zinnias in Veggie got a little
overwatered, and there was a lack of air flow. A fungus started growing
on the plants, and some died. Astronaut Scott Kelly delicately cleaned
off the fungus, nursed the surviving plants back to health and got them
to flower. It could have been a fluke, but it raised the question if
space was weakening the zinniaโ€™s health.
Rather
than intentionally making Veggie plants sick to test this theory,
scientists want to run gene expression studies using BRIC-LED and trick
plants into thinking theyโ€™re being threatened. They do this by
manipulating protein receptors on the plants, which are constantly on
the lookout for signs of bacteria.
Bacteria
use a whip-like structure called a flagellum to help them swim, and
flagella all share a common set of 22 amino acids nicknamed โ€œflag-22.โ€
Plants are looking for flag-22, and their defense systems kick on as
soon as they pick up on it. Scientists can squirt a harmless solution of
flag-22 onto the plants. โ€œThe plant freaks out and thinks itโ€™s being
attacked,โ€ Gilroy explains.
In
the BRIC-LED experiment, tiny plants are grown for 10 days, and then
scientists squirt them with flag-22. An hour later, the plants are fully
defending themselves, and scientists douse them with a chemical
fixative to stop all biological processes. This fixative does a great
job of preserving the plantsโ€™ response state, but as an added step, the
plants are put into a deep freeze. The plants are later sent back down
to Earth and ground up to have their RNA extracted and analyzed.
Gilroy
hopes to learn more about the effects of space on a plantโ€™s health this
way. โ€œThe patterns will tell us whether the plant defense system is
operating correctly or not,โ€ he says.
Research like this will help NASA understand how to keep plants flourishing in space and better enable long-duration missions.

0 comments

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Growing Plants in Space
NASA’s Matt Romeyn works in the Veggie Lab of the Space Station Processing Facility at the agency’s Kennedy Space Center.
NASA’s
Matt Romeyn works in the Crop Food Production Research Area of the
Space Station Processing Facility at the agency’s Kennedy Space Center
in Florida.
Credits: NASA/Cory Huston
Astronaut
Scott Kelly nursed dying space zinnias back to health on the
International Space Station. He photographed a bouquet of the flowers in
the space station’s cupola against the backdrop of Earth and shared the
photo to his Instagram for Valentine’s Day 2016.
Credits: NASA/Scott Kelly
Zinnia
plants from the Veggie ground control system are being harvested in the
Flight Equipment Development Laboratory in the Space Station Processing
Facility at Kennedy. A similar zinnia harvest was conducted by
astronaut Scott Kelly on the International Space Station.
Credits: NASA/Bill White
Astronaut
Serena Auรฑรณn-Chancellor harvests red Russian kale and dragoon lettuce
from Veggie on Nov. 28, 2018, just in time for Thanksgiving. The crew
got to enjoy a mid-afternoon snack with balsamic vinegar, and
Auรฑรณn-Chancellor reported the lettuce was “delicious!”
Credits: ESA/Alexander Gerst

May be an image of indoor

John
“JC” Carver, a payload integration engineer with Kennedy’s Test and
Operations Support Contract, opens the door to the growth chamber of the
Advanced Plant Habitat Flight Unit No. 1 for a test harvest of half of
the Arabidopsis thaliana plants growing within.
Credits: NASA/Leif Heimbold
No photo description available.
The
first growth test of crops in the Advanced Plant Habitat aboard the
International Space Station yielded great results. Arabidopsis seeds -
small flowering plants related to cabbage and mustard - grew for about
six weeks, and dwarf wheat for five weeks.
Credits: NASA
As humans
explore space, we will want to bring plants for both aesthetic and
practical reasons. We already know from our pioneering astronauts that
fresh flowers and gardens on the International Space Station create a
beautiful atmosphere and let us take a little piece of Earth with us on
our journeys. Theyโ€™re good for our psychological well-being on Earth and
in space. They also will be critical for keeping astronauts healthy on
long-duration missions.

A lack of vitamin C was all it took to
give sailors scurvy, and vitamin deficiencies can cause a number of
other health problems. Simply packing some multi-vitamins will not be
enough to keep astronauts healthy as they explore deep space. They will
need fresh produce.

Right now on the space station, astronauts
receive regular shipments of a wide variety of freeze-dried and
prepackaged meals to cover their dietary needs โ€“ resupply missions keep
them freshly stocked. When crews venture further into space, traveling
for months or years without resupply shipments, the vitamins in
prepackaged form break down over time, which presents a problem for
astronaut health. 

NASA is looking at ways to provide astronauts
with nutrients in a long-lasting, easily absorbed formโ€”freshly grown
fresh fruits and vegetables. The challenge is how to do that in a closed
environment without sunlight or Earthโ€™s gravity.

Veggie

The
Vegetable Production System, known as Veggie, is a space garden
residing on the space station. Veggieโ€™s purpose is to help NASA study
plant growth in microgravity, while adding fresh food to the astronautsโ€™
diet and enhancing happiness and well-being on the orbiting laboratory.
The Veggie garden is about the size of a carry-on piece of luggage and
typically holds six plants. Each plant grows in a โ€œpillowโ€ filled with a
clay-based growth media and fertilizer. The pillows are important to
help distribute water, nutrients and air in a healthy balance around the
roots. Otherwise, the roots would either drown in water or be engulfed
by air because of the way fluids in space tend to form bubbles.

In
the absence of gravity, plants use other environmental factors, such as
light, to orient and guide growth. A bank of light emitting diodes
(LEDs) above the plants produces a spectrum of light suited for the
plantsโ€™ growth. Since plants reflect a lot of green light and use more
red and blue wavelengths, the Veggie chamber typically glows magenta
pink.

To date, Veggie has successfully grown a variety of plants,
including three types of lettuce, Chinese cabbage, mizuna mustard, red
Russian kale and zinnia flowers. The flowers were especially popular
with astronaut Scott Kelly, who picked a bouquet and photographed it
floating in the cupola against the backdrop of Earth. Some of the plants
were harvested and eaten by the crew members, with remaining samples
returned to Earth to be analyzed. One concern was harmful microbes
growing on the produce. So far, no harmful contamination has been
detected, and the food has been safe (and enjoyable) for the crew to
eat.
Our team at Kennedy Space Center envisions planting more produce
in the future, such as tomatoes and peppers. Foods like berries,
certain beans and other antioxidant-rich foods would have the added
benefit of providing some space radiation protection for crew members
who eat them.

Veggie Fact Sheet
 

Advanced Plant Habitat

The
Advanced Plant Habitat (APH), like Veggie, is a growth chamber on
station for plant research. It uses LED lights and a porous clay
substrate with controlled release fertilizer to deliver water, nutrients
and oxygen to the plant roots.

But unlike Veggie, it is enclosed
and automated with cameras and more than 180 sensors that are in
constant interactive contact with a team on the ground at Kennedy, so it
doesnโ€™t need much day-to-day care from the crew. Its water recovery and
distribution, atmosphere content, moisture levels and temperature are
all automated. It has more colors of LED lights than Veggie, with red,
green, and blue lights, but also white, far red and even infrared to
allow for nighttime imaging.

When a harvest is ready for research
studies, the crew collects samples from the plants, freezes or
chemically fixes them to preserve them, and sends them back down to
Earth to be studied so scientists can better understand how space
affected their growth and development.

APH had its first test run
on the space station in Spring 2018 using Arabidopsis thaliana (the
โ€œwhite mouse of the plant research worldโ€) and dwarf wheat. The
time-lapse video of this was a popular social media release from the
space station worldwide.

Dr. Norman Lewis is the principal
investigator for the Arabidopsis Gravitational Response Omics
(Arabidopsis-GRO) consortium study, which will be the first study using
APH. He and his collaborators are especially interested in what happens
to plants in space at the gene, protein and metabolite level, and what
changes occur and why.

A key question they want to answer is the
relationship between microgravity and plant lignin content. Lignins in
plants have functions whose closest analogy is that of bones in humans.
They give structure and rigidity to plants and the means to stand
upright against gravity. We already know space causes bone and muscle
loss in humans because the physical demands are lower in space. So what
about lignins?

Lewis and his team also want to know if plants
genetically engineered to have less lignin can survive and function
normally in space. This could give space-grown plants several
advantages, including being better for nutrient absorption when humans
eat them and in making plant waste easier for composting. Lewis and his
team believe this fundamental science information will guide our
strategies for deep space exploration and colonization.

Lewis
knows space science has come a long way already โ€” and that the
possibilities on the horizon were previously the world of fiction!

Biological Research in Canisters

The
Biological Research in Canisters (BRIC) is a facility used to study the
effects of space on organisms small enough to grow in petri dishes,
such as yeast and microbes. BRIC-LED is the latest version, which added
light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to support biology such as plants, mosses,
algae and cyanobacteria that need light to make their food.

Right
now, BRIC-LED is undergoing hardware validation tests. Scientists want
to ensure the LEDs donโ€™t get too hot for the plants and do other system
checks. Soon, researchers such as Dr. Simon Gilroy of the University of
Wisconsin-Madison will use it to conduct studies.

Gilroy is
interested in how the Arabidopsis plantโ€™s gene expression changes in
space. โ€œThere are literally thousands of experiments done on Earth [on
Arabidopsis],โ€ Gilroy explains. โ€œCold shock. Touched them. Not watered
them. Too much water. Shouted at them,โ€ he says with a chuckle. โ€œThose
databases are all available to us. So we look and see if there are any
patterns anyone has found and what on the ground mimics what happens in
space.โ€

Some patterns that arise are expected, like when the
genes associated with gravity become altered. But two patterns that have
caught Gilroyโ€™s attention have to do with the plantsโ€™ immune system.

The
plants seem to have increased stress from oxidation. Normal chemistry
in the cells makes a very reactive oxygen-based chemical. Uncontrolled,
this โ€œreactive oxygen speciesโ€ can react with the machinery that repairs
DNA and mess that up, or it can damage mitochondria. In a healthy
plant, the cells have ways of dealing with it. But in space, plants are
making more of it.

The other pattern is certain genes associated
with the immune system turn on and others switch off in space.
Scientists suspect this may compromise that plantsโ€™ ability to fight off
infections.

There is anecdotal evidence, too, that plants in
space may be struggling to fend off pathogens. Once, the zinnias in
Veggie got a little overwatered, and there was a lack of air flow. A
fungus started growing on the plants, and some died. Astronaut Scott
Kelly delicately cleaned off the fungus, nursed the surviving plants
back to health and got them to flower. It could have been a fluke, but
it raised the question if space was weakening the zinniaโ€™s health.

Rather
than intentionally making Veggie plants sick to test this theory,
scientists want to run gene expression studies using BRIC-LED and trick
plants into thinking theyโ€™re being threatened. They do this by
manipulating protein receptors on the plants, which are constantly on
the lookout for signs of bacteria.

Bacteria use a whip-like
structure called a flagellum to help them swim, and flagella all share a
common set of 22 amino acids nicknamed โ€œflag-22.โ€ Plants are looking
for flag-22, and their defense systems kick on as soon as they pick up
on it. Scientists can squirt a harmless solution of flag-22 onto the
plants. โ€œThe plant freaks out and thinks itโ€™s being attacked,โ€ Gilroy
explains.

In the BRIC-LED experiment, tiny plants are grown for
10 days, and then scientists squirt them with flag-22. An hour later,
the plants are fully defending themselves, and scientists douse them
with a chemical fixative to stop all biological processes. This fixative
does a great job of preserving the plantsโ€™ response state, but as an
added step, the plants are put into a deep freeze. The plants are later
sent back down to Earth and ground up to have their RNA extracted and
analyzed.

Gilroy hopes to learn more about the effects of space
on a plantโ€™s health this way. โ€œThe patterns will tell us whether the
plant defense system is operating correctly or not,โ€ he says.

Research like this will help NASA understand how to keep plants flourishing in space and better enable long-duration missions.



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NASA, Northrop Grumman Finalize Moon Outpost Living Quarters Contract
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NASA-Supported Plant Experiment Flies to Suborbital Space with Virgin Galactic
Fixation tubes.
Three
Kennedy Space Center Fixation Tubes (KFTs), like the one shown here,
will contain Arabidopsis thaliana plants during the crewed Unity 22
flight to space. Virgin Galacticโ€™s Sirisha Bandla will activate the
tubes to release a preservative that will capture the plantsโ€™
biochemistry at specific points during transitions into and out of
microgravity, and co-investigators from the University of Florida will
conduct gene expression analyses on the plants in the weeks following
the flight. Credits: University of Florida
On
Sunday, July 11, Virgin Galactic will attempt its first fully crewed
spaceflight and the crew will have NASA-supported technology with them.
Sirisha
Bandla, vice president of government affairs and research operations at
Virgin Galactic, will operate the experiment on the โ€œUnity 22โ€ flight
on behalf of co-investigators Dr. Robert Ferl and Dr. Anna-Lisa Paul
from the University of Florida in Gainesville. Bandla will activate
three plant-filled tubes to release a preservative at critical
data-collection stages during the flight: at 1 g before the rocket
boost, just before entering microgravity, and after the conclusion of
microgravity.
While
the university researchers have flown similar experiments supported by
NASA’s Flight Opportunities program on suborbital flights, data
collected during the Unity 22 flight will provide a first look at
human-tended payloads on SpaceShipTwo.
Last Updated: Jul 10, 2021
Editor: Laura Newton
Tags: Armstrong Flight Research Center, Kennedy Space Center, NASA Headquarters, Space Tech

nasa.gov
Virgin Galacticโ€™s SpaceShip Two Carries NASA-Supported Payload

On July 9th, 2021, Travis Thompson, former Closeout Crew Lead who served for nearly 100 missions, and Deputy Administrator Pamela Melroy, view his uniform at its exhibit in the National Air and Space Museum, Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, VA.
Friends


Deputy Administrator Honors Member of Former Shuttle Ground Crew
On
July 9th, 2021, Travis Thompson, former Closeout Crew Lead who served
for nearly 100 missions, and Deputy Administrator Pamela Melroy, view
his uniform at its exhibit in the National Air and Space Museum, Steven
F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, VA.
In
this photo, Deputy Administrator Pamela Melroy hugs Travis Thompson,
former Closeout Crew Lead who served for nearly 100 missions, as they
view Thompson’s uniform at its exhibit on July 9, 2021 in the
Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum, Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center
in Chantilly, VA. Commander Melroy gifted him a plaque for the occasion
and surprised him by showing him she had kept the gift he gave to her
many years ago. It was an emotional moment that celebrated not just the
heroes who venture out into space, but also those who make sure they
come home safely. (Credit: NASA/Taylor Mickal)
Last Updated: Jul 10, 2021
Editor: Michael Bock
Deputy Administrator Honors Member of Former Shuttle Ground Crew

nasa.gov
Deputy Administrator Honors Member of Former Shuttle Ground Crew
Deputy
Administrator Pamela Melroy hugs Travis Thompson, former Closeout Crew
Lead who served for nearly 100 missions, as they view Thompson’s uniform
at its exhibit in the National Air and Space Museum, Steven F.
Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, VA.



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NASA, Northrop Grumman Finalize Moon Outpost Living Quarters Contract
Gateway’s Habitation and Logistics Outpost
Illustration showing a close-up of the Habitation and Logistics Outpost (HALO), one of the elements of Gateway.
Credits: NASA
NASA
and Northrop Grumman of Dulles, Virginia, have finalized a contract to
develop the Habitation and Logistics Outpost (HALO) for Gateway, which
will be a critical way station and outpost in orbit around the Moon as
part of NASAโ€™s Artemis program.
NASA
and its commercial and international partners are building Gateway to
support science investigations and enable surface landings at the Moon,
which will help prepare astronauts for future missions to Mars.
The
firm, fixed-price contract is valued at $935 million. Under the
contract, Northrop Grumman will be responsible for attaching and testing
the integrated HALO with the Power and Propulsion Element (PPE), being
built by Maxar Technologies. Northrop Grumman will also lead the
integrated PPE and HALO spacecraft turnover and launch preparation with
SpaceX, and support activation and checkout of HALO during the flight to
lunar orbit. NASA is targeting November 2024 to launch the integrated
spacecraft on a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket.
โ€œNASA
is building the infrastructure to expand human exploration further out
into the solar system than ever before, including Gateway, the lunar
space station that will help us make inspirational scientific
discoveries at and around the Moon. Just as importantly, these
investments will help NASA carry out the United Statesโ€™ horizon goal: to
further develop and test the technology and science needed for a human
trip to Mars,โ€ said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. โ€œThe HALO is a
critical component of Gateway, and this exciting announcement today
brings us one step closer to landing American boots on both the Moon and
Mars.โ€
HALO
is where astronauts will live and conduct research while visiting the
Gateway. The pressurized living quarters will provide command and
control systems for the lunar outpost, and docking ports for visiting
spacecraft, such as NASAโ€™s Orion spacecraft, lunar landers, and
logistics resupply craft. The HALO module will serve as the backbone for
command and control and power distribution across Gateway and will
perform other core functions, including hosting science investigations
via internal and external payload accommodations and communicating with
lunar surface expeditions. HALO also will enable the aggregation of
additional habitable elements to expand Gateway capabilities.
Immediately after launch, the Heliophysics Environmental and Radiation
Measurement Experiment Suite, built by NASAโ€™s Goddard Space Flight
Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, will begin conducting research outside of
the integrated spacecraft.
โ€œThis
is a major step on the path for Artemis, not just for NASA, but for the
combined team, including our commercial and international partners,โ€
said Kathy Lueders, NASA associate administrator for Human Explorations
and Operations. โ€œGateway will provide unprecedented access to the Moon
and symbolizes the expansion of our partnerships into deep space.โ€
The
integrated PPE and HALO will be the Gatewayโ€™s foundation, enabling
humanityโ€™s first permanent outpost in orbit around the Moon. Located
tens of thousands of miles from the lunar surface at its farthest point
and within easy range of lunar landers at its closest, the Gateway will
be in a near-rectilinear halo orbit. This orbit will allow NASA and its
international and commercial partners to conduct unprecedented deep
space science and technology investigations, and conduct sustainable
lunar exploration.
โ€œThis
action puts in place the final contract component of a diverse,
multi-faceted team โ€“distributed across the country and within some
international partner facilities โ€“ working together to create and
implement the initial Gateway capability. We are excited to work with
Northrop Grumman and all the partners to deliver the cornerstone of
sustainable human exploration in cis-lunar space,โ€ said Dr. Jon Olansen,
NASAโ€™s manager of the HALO project.
HALO
leverages contributions from the Gateway international partners for
robust capabilities. Batteries provided by the Japan Aerospace
Exploration Agency (JAXA) will power HALO until PPE solar arrays can be
deployed and during eclipse periods. Robotic interfaces provided by the
Canadian Space Agency will host payloads and provide base points for
Canadarm3 robotic operations. ESA (European Space Agency) will provide a
lunar communications system to enable high-data-rate communications
between the lunar surface and Gateway. With three docking ports, HALO
will be the hub for international Gateway expansion in the future,
including an international habitat that ESA and JAXA will provide, and
an ESA-provided refueling module. The docking ports also will host a
human landing system for lunar surface expeditions and logistics
resupply spacecraft. As the Gateway hub, HALO will provide power, data,
airflow to each of these ports, as well as thermal conditioning to
assist future elements and spacecraft in controlling the temperature of
their equipment and habitable environment.
โ€œLeveraging
our success with our Cygnus spacecraft, Northrop Grumman is perfectly
positioned to deliver the HALO module, a critical piece for NASAโ€™s
Artemis program and our journey to the Moon and beyond,โ€ said Frank
DeMauro, vice president and general manager for tactical space systems
at Northrop Grumman. โ€œAfter recently completing a successful preliminary
design review, we now look forward to completing the detailed design
efforts and eventually bringing HALO to life in our Gilbert, Arizona,
facility while also providing integration services for the final,
combined vehicle before launch.โ€
HALOโ€™s
design is based on Northrop Grummanโ€™s Cygnus spacecraft, which has
completed 15 resupply missions to the International Space Station to
date. A previous contract for HALO, awarded in June 2020, funded work
through preliminary design review, one of a series of checkpoints for
the complex engineering project. The review process for the module,
completed in May, assessed all of the spacecraftโ€™s design to ensure the
overall system is safe and reliable for flight and meets NASAโ€™s mission
requirements.
Explore more details about NASAโ€™s Gateway program at:
-end-
Monica Witt / Kathryn Hambleton
Headquarters, Washington
202-358-1100
monica.j.witt@nasa.gov / kathryn.hambleton@nasa.gov
Isidro Reyna
Johnson Space Center, Houston
281-483-5111
isidro.r.reyna@nasa.gov
Last Updated: Jul 9, 2021
Editor: Sean Potter
Tags:
Artemis, Commercial Space, Gateway, Humans in Space, International
Space Station (ISS), Johnson Space Center, Moon to Mars, Orion
Spacecraft

nasa.gov
NASA, Northrop Grumman Finalize Moon Outpost Living Quarters Contract



Jul 8, 2021
NASAโ€™s AIRS Tracks Record-Breaking Heat Wave in Pacific Northwest
The
AIRS instrument aboard NASAโ€™s Aqua satellite collected temperature
readings in the atmosphere and at the surface during an unprecedented
heat wave in the Pacific Northwest and western Canada that started
around June 26.
Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech
The
science instrument mapped the dome of high pressure that settled over
the northwestern U.S. and western Canada in late June, sending
temperatures into the triple digits.
An
unprecedented heat wave that started around June 26 smashed numerous
all-time temperature records in the Pacific Northwest and western
Canada. NASAโ€™s Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), aboard the Aqua
satellite, captured the progression of this slow-moving heat dome across
the region from June 21 to 30. An animation of some of the AIRS data
show surface air temperature anomalies โ€“ values above or below long-term
averages. Surface air temperature is something that people directly
feel when they are outside.
In
many cases, the highs exceeded previous temperature records by several
degrees or more. On June 28, Quillayute, Washington, set an all-time
high temperature record of 110 degrees Fahrenheit (43 degrees Celsius),
shattering the old record of 99 degrees Fahrenheit (37 degrees Celsius).
Numerous weather stations broke records on consecutive days, showing
the unprecedented nature of this extreme heat, which is also being
blamed for a number of fatalities. In British Columbia, the village of
Lytton set a new all-time record for Canada at 119 degrees Fahrenheit
(48 degrees Celsius) on June 29, only to break it the next day with a
reading of 121 degrees Fahrenheit (49 degrees Celsius).
The
AIRS instrument recorded similar temperature anomalies at an altitude
of about 10,000 feet (3,000 meters), showing that the extreme heat also
affected mountainous regions. And temperature anomalies at roughly
18,000 feet (5,500 meters) demonstrated that the heat dome extended high
into Earthโ€™s troposphere, creating the conditions for intense heat at
the planetโ€™s surface that are normally found farther south.
AIRS,
in conjunction with the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU), senses
emitted infrared and microwave radiation from Earth to provide a
three-dimensional look at the planetโ€™s weather and climate. Working in
tandem, the two instruments make simultaneous observations down to
Earthโ€™s surface. With more than 2,000 channels sensing different regions
of the atmosphere, the system creates a global, three-dimensional map
of atmospheric temperature and humidity, cloud amounts and heights,
greenhouse gas concentrations and many other atmospheric phenomena.
Launched into Earth orbit in 2002 aboard NASAโ€™s Aqua spacecraft, the
AIRS and AMSU instruments are managed by NASAโ€™s Jet Propulsion
Laboratory in Southern California, under contract to NASA. JPL is a
division of Caltech.
More information about AIRS can be found at:
Jane J. Lee / Ian J. Oโ€™Neill
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
818-354-0307 / 818-354-2649
jane.j.lee@jpl.nasa.gov / ian.j.oneill@jpl.nasa.gov
2021-138
Last Updated: Jul 9, 2021
Editor: Tony Greicius
Tags: Air, Aqua Satellite, Climate, Earth, Jet Propulsion Laboratory

nasa.gov
NASAโ€™s AIRS Tracks Record-Breaking Heat Wave in Pacific Northwest


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Seeing Some Cosmic X-Ray Emitters Might Be a Matter of Perspective
This illustration shows SS 433, a black hole or neutron star, as it pulls material away from its companion star.
This
illustration shows SS 433, a black hole or neutron star, as it pulls
material away from its companion star. The stellar material forms a disk
around SS 433, and some of the material is ejected into space in the
form of two thin jets (pink) traveling in opposite directions away from
SS 433.
Credits: DESY/Science Communication Lab
Known
as ultraluminous X-ray sources, the emitters are easy to spot when
viewed straight on, but they might be hidden from view if they point
even slightly away from Earth.
Itโ€™s
hard to miss a flashlight beam pointed straight at you. But that beam
viewed from the side appears significantly dimmer. The same holds true
for some cosmic objects: Like a flashlight, they radiate primarily in
one direction, and they look dramatically different depending on whether
the beam points away from Earth (and nearby space telescopes) or
straight at it.
New
data from NASAโ€™s NuSTAR space observatory indicates that this
phenomenon holds true for some of the most prominent X-ray emitters in
the local universe: ultraluminous X-ray sources, or ULXs. Most cosmic
objects, including stars, radiate little X-ray light, particularly in
the high-energy range seen by NuSTAR. ULXs, by contrast, are like X-ray
lighthouses cutting through the darkness. To be considered a ULX, a
source must have an X-ray luminosity that is about a million times
brighter than the total light output of the Sun (at all wavelengths).
ULXs are so bright, they can be seen millions of light-years away, in
other galaxies.
The
new study shows that the object known as SS 433, located in the Milky
Way galaxy and only about 20,000 light-years from Earth, is a ULX, even
though it appears to be about 1,000 times dimmer than the minimum
threshold to be considered one.
This
faintness is a trick of perspective, according to the study: The
high-energy X-rays from SS 433 are initially confined within two cones
of gas extending outward from opposite sides of the central object.
These cones are similar to a mirrored bowl that surrounds a flashlight
bulb: They corral the X-ray light from SS 433 into a narrow beam, until
it escapes and is detected by NuSTAR. But because the cones are not
pointing directly at Earth, NuSTAR canโ€™t see the objectโ€™s full
brightness.
This illustration shows SS 433, a black hole or neutron star,
This
illustration shows SS 433, a black hole or neutron star, as it pulls
material away from its companion star. The stellar material forms a disk
around SS 433, and some of the material is ejected into space in the
form of two thin jets (pink) traveling in opposite directions away from
SS 433.
Credits: DESY/Science Communication Lab
โ€œWeโ€™ve
long suspected that some ULXs emit light in narrow columns, rather than
in every direction like a bare lightbulb,โ€ said Matt Middleton, a
professor of astrophysics at the University of Southampton in the United
Kingdom and the studyโ€™s lead author. โ€œIn our study, we confirm this
hypothesis by showing that SS 433 would qualify as a ULX to a face-on
observer.โ€
If
a ULX relatively close to Earth can hide its true brightness because of
how it is oriented, then there are likely more ULXs โ€“ particularly in
other galaxies โ€“ disguised in a similar way. That means the total ULX
population should be far larger than scientists currently observe.
Cone of Darkness
About
500 ULXs have been found in other galaxies, and their distance from
Earth means itโ€™s often nearly impossible to tell what type of object
generates the X-ray emission. The X-rays likely come from a large amount
of gas being heated to extreme temperatures as it is pulled in by the
gravity of a very dense object. That object could be either a neutron
star (the remains of a collapsed star) or a small black hole, one that
is no more than about 30 times the mass of our Sun. The gas forms a disk
around the object, like water circling a drain. Friction in the disk
drives up the temperature, causing it to radiate, sometimes growing so
hot that the system erupts with X-rays. The faster the material falls
onto the central object, the brighter the X-rays.
Astronomers
suspect that the object at the heart of SS 433 is a black hole about 10
times the mass of our Sun. Whatโ€™s known for sure is that it is
cannibalizing a large nearby star, its gravity siphoning away material
at a rapid rate: In a single year SS 433 steals the equivalent of about
30 times the mass of Earth from its neighbor, which makes it the
greediest black hole or neutron star known in our galaxy.
โ€œItโ€™s
been known for a long time that this thing is eating at a phenomenal
rate,โ€ said Middleton. โ€œThis is what sets ULXs apart from other objects,
and itโ€™s likely the root cause of the copious amounts of X-rays we see
from them.โ€
The
object in SS 433 has eyes bigger than its stomach: Itโ€™s stealing more
material than it can consume. Some of the excess material gets blown off
the disk and forms two hemispheres on opposite sides of the disk.
Within each one is a cone-shaped void that opens up into space. These
are the cones that corral the high-energy X-ray light into a beam.
Anyone looking straight down one of the cones would see an obvious ULX.
Though composed only of gas, the cones are so thick and massive that
they act like lead paneling in an X-ray screening room and block X-rays
from passing through them out to the side.
The cosmic object SS 433 contains a bright source of X-ray light surrounded by two hemispheres of hot gas.
The
cosmic object SS 433 contains a bright source of X-ray light surrounded
by two hemispheres of hot gas. The gas corrals the light into beams
pointing in opposite directions away from the source. SS 433 tilts
periodically, causing one X-ray beam to point toward Earth.
Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech
Scientists
have suspected that some ULXs might be hidden from view for this
reason. SS 433 provided a unique chance to test this idea because, like a
top, it wobbles on its axis โ€“ a process astronomers call precession.
Most
of the time, both of SS 433โ€™s cones point well away from Earth. But
because of the way SS 433 precesses, one cone periodically tilts
slightly toward Earth, so scientists can see a little bit of the X-ray
light coming out of the top of the cone. In the new study, the
scientists looked at how the X-rays seen by NuSTAR change as SS 433
moves. They show that if the cone continued to tilt toward Earth so that
scientists could peer straight down it, they would see enough X-ray
light to officially call SS 433 a ULX.
Black
holes that feed at extreme rates have shaped the history of our
universe. Supermassive black holes, which are millions to billions of
times the mass of the Sun, can profoundly affect their host galaxy when
they feed. Early in the universeโ€™s history, some of these massive black
holes may have fed as fast as SS 433, releasing huge amounts of
radiation that reshaped local environments. Outflows (like the cones in
SS 433) redistributed matter that could eventually form stars and other
objects.
But
because these quickly consuming behemoths reside in incredibly distant
galaxies (the one at the heart of the Milky Way isnโ€™t currently eating
much), they remain difficult to study. With SS 433, scientists have
found a miniature example of this process, much closer to home and much
easier to study, and NuSTAR has provided new insights into the activity
occurring there.
Illustration
of the NuSTAR spacecraft, which has a 30-foot (10 meter) mast that
separate the optics modules (right) from the detectors in the focal
plane (left).
Illustration
of the NuSTAR spacecraft, which has a 30-foot (10 meter) mast that
separate the optics modules (right) from the detectors in the focal
plane (left). This separation is necessary for the method used to detect
X-rays.
Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech
โ€œWhen
we launched NuSTAR, I donโ€™t think anyone expected that ULXs would be
such a rich area of research for us,โ€ said Fiona Harrison, principal
investigator for NuSTAR and a professor of physics at Caltech in
Pasadena, California. โ€œBut NuSTAR is unique in that it can see almost
the whole range of X-ray wavelengths emitted by these objects, and that
gives us insight into the extreme processes that must be driving them.โ€
More About the Mission
NuSTAR
is a Small Explorer mission led by Caltech and managed by NASAโ€™s Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, a division of Caltech, for the agencyโ€™s Science
Mission Directorate in Washington. NuSTAR was developed in partnership
with the Danish Technical University and the Italian Space Agency (ASI).
The spacecraft was built by Orbital Sciences Corporation in Dulles,
Virginia (now part of Northrop Grumman). NuSTARโ€™s mission operations
center is at the University of California, Berkeley, and the official
data archive is at NASAโ€™s High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive
Research Center. ASI provides the missionโ€™s ground station and a mirror
archive.
For more information about NuSTAR, visit:
Calla Cofield
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
626-808-2469
calla.e.cofield@jpl.nasa.gov
2021-140
Last Updated: Jul 9, 2021
Editor: Naomi Hartono
Tags: Black Holes, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, NuSTAR (Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array), Solar System, Universe

This illustration shows SS 433, a black hole or neutron star, as it pulls material away from its companion star.
This illustration shows SS 433, a black hole or neutron star,
The cosmic object SS 433 contains a bright source of X-ray light surrounded by two hemispheres of hot gas.Illustration of the NuSTAR spacecraft, which has a 30-foot (10 meter) mast that separate the optics modules (right) from the detectors in the focal plane (left).


Jagatheesan Chandrasekharan, [12.07.21 00:16]


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HomeWorldExperience Of Lifetime: Richard Branson After Few Minutes Of Space Flight
Experience Of Lifetime: Richard Branson After Few Minutes Of Space Flight
Touch down occurred around 09:40 am Mountain Time (1540 GMT), about an hour after take-off.
WorldAgence France-PresseUpdated: July 11, 2021 10:13 pm IST
Experience Of Lifetime: Richard Branson After Few Minutes Of Space Flight
Billionaire Richard Branson took off Sunday from a base in New Mexico aboard a Virgin Galactic vessel
United States:
British
billionaire Richard Branson flew into space Sunday aboard a Virgin
Galactic vessel, a voyage he described as the “experience of a lifetime”
— and one he hopes will usher in an era of lucrative space tourism.
“Congratulations
to all our wonderful team at Virgin Galactic for 17 years of hard, hard
work to get us this far,” he said during a live feed as the VSS Unity
spaceship glided back to Spaceport America in New Mexico.
It
reached a peak altitude of around 53 miles (85 kilometers) — beyond
the boundary of space, according to the United States — allowing the
passengers to experience weightlessness and admire the Earth’s
curvature.
The
trip proceeded without drama, and touchdown occurred at around 9:40 am
Mountain Time (1540 GMT), about an hour after take-off.
The
mission’s success means Branson has beaten fellow billionaire Jeff
Bezos in the race to be the first tycoon to cross the final frontier in a
ship built by a company he founded.
Earlier,
a massive carrier plane took off and ascended to 50,000 feet before
dropping VSS Unity to complete the rest of the flight using its
rocket-powered engine.
The spaceplane carried two pilots and four passengers, including Branson.
The ship then re-entered the atmosphere, lowered its flexible wings and glided back to the runway.
A smiling Branson hugged loved ones after the trip.
“It’s
a beautiful day to go to space,” the brash Brit wrote in a tweet
earlier where he posted a video of himself biking to the base and
meeting with his crewmates, all Virgin employees.
He also posted a picture of himself standing in a kitchen with SpaceX boss Elon Musk, who’d come to show his support.
Several tourists journeyed to the International Space Station in the 2000s, but on Russian rockets.
Branson’s official role is to evaluate the private astronaut experience to enhance the journey for future clients.
Space base
Branson,
who founded the Virgin Group that today has interests in everything
from commercial aviation to fitness centers, is known for his appetite
for adventure and has set world records in hot air ballooning and
boating.
“As a child, I wanted to go to space,” the 70-year-old wrote a few days ahead of his trip.
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Rocket Plane
He
founded Virgin Galactic in 2004, but the dream almost came to an end in
2014 when an in-flight accident caused the death of a pilot,
considerably delaying the program.
Since
then, VSS Unity has successfully reached space three times, in 2018,
2019 — which included the first crew member who wasn’t a pilot — and
finally in May this year.
Sunday’s
flight left from Spaceport America, a huge base built in the Jornada
del Muerto desert, around 20 miles southeast of the nearest town, Truth
or Consequences.
Financed largely by the state of New Mexico, Virgin Galactic is the principal tenant.
Paying passengers in 2022?
After
Sunday, Virgin Galactic plans two further flights, and then the start
of regular commercial operations from early 2022. The ultimate goal is
to conduct 400 flights per year.
Some
600 tickets have already been sold to people from 60 different
countries — including Hollywood celebrities — for prices ranging from
$200,000 to $250,000.
And though, according to Branson, “space belongs to us all,” the opportunity for now remains the preserve of the privileged.
“When we return, I will announce something very exciting to give more people the chance to become an astronaut,” he promised.
The competition in the space tourism sector, whose imminent rise has been announced for years, has come to a head this month.
Bezos, the richest person in the world, is due to fly on July 20 on Blue Origin’s New Shepard rocket.
Blue Origin posted an infographic Friday boasting the ways in which the experience it offers is superior.
The
principal point: New Shepard climbs up to more than 60 miles in
altitude, thus exceeding what is called the Karman line, the frontier of
space according to international convention.
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Bezos himself wished Branson “best of luck” in an Instagram post.
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(Except for the headline, this story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is published from a syndicated feed.)


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Experience Of Lifetime: Richard Branson After Few Minutes Of Space Flight




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Richard Branson takes off first in space tourism race
AP
TRUTH OR CONSEQUENCES, July 11, 2021 21:57 IST
Updated: July 12, 2021 07:46 IST
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Billionaire
Richard Branson floats in zero gravity on board Virgin Galactic’s
passenger rocket plane VSS Unity after reaching the edge of space above
Spaceport America near Truth or Consequences, New Mexico, U.S. July 11,
2021 in a still image from video. | Photo Credit: Reuters
Bandla becomes third Indian-origin woman to fly into space
Swashbuckling
entrepreneur Richard Branson hurtled into space aboard his own winged
rocket ship on Sunday in his boldest adventure yet, beating out fellow
billionaire Jeff Bezos.
Virgin Galactic’s passenger rocket plane VSS Unity starts its ascent to the edge of space on Sunday.
Virgin Galactic’s passenger rocket plane VSS Unity starts its ascent to the edge of space on Sunday.
The
nearly 71-year-old Mr. Branson and five crewmates, including
aeronautical engineer Sirisha Bandla, from his Virgin Galactic space
tourism company reached an altitude of about 88 kilometres over the New
Mexico desert โ€” enough to experience three to four minutes of
weightlessness and see the curvature of the Earth โ€” and then safely
glided back home to a runway landing.
โ€œSeventeen years of hard work to get us this far,โ€ a jubilant Mr. Branson said as he congratulated his team on the trip back.
Mr.
Branson became the first person to blast off in his own spaceship,
beating Mr. Bezos by nine days. He also became only the second
septuagenarian to depart for space. (John Glenn flew on the shuttle at
age 77 in 1998.)
Ms.
Bandla became the third Indian-origin woman to fly into space after
Kalpana Chawla and Sunita Williams. Wing Commander Rakesh Sharma is the
only Indian citizen to travel in space.
With
about 500 people watching, including Mr. Bransonโ€™s wife, children and
grandchildren, a twin-fuselage aircraft with his space plane attached
underneath took off in the first stage of the flight.
The
space plane then detached from the mother ship at an altitude of about
13 kilometres) and fired its engine, reaching the edge of space. The
entire flight up and back aboard the sleek white ship, named Unity, took
just under 15 minutes.
The
flamboyant, London-born founder of Virgin Atlantic Airways wasnโ€™t
supposed to fly until later this summer. But he assigned himself to an
earlier flight after Mr. Bezos announced plans to ride his own rocket
into space from Texas on July 20, the 52nd anniversary of the Apollo 11
moon landing. Mr. Branson, who has kite-surfed the English Channel and
attempted to circle the world in a hot-air balloon, denied he was trying
to beat Mr. Bezos.
Space tourism race
Another
one of Mr. Bransonโ€™s chief rivals in the space-tourism race among the
worldโ€™s richest men, SpaceXโ€™s Elon Musk, arrived in New Mexico to
witness the flight, wishing Mr. Branson via Twitter, โ€œGodspeed!โ€
Mr.
Bezos likewise sent his wishes for a safe and successful flight, though
he also took to Twitter to enumerate the ways in which be believes his
companyโ€™s rides will be better.
Bezosโ€™
Blue Origin company intends to send tourists past the so-called Karman
line 100 kilometres above earth, which is is recognised by international
aviation and aerospace federations as the threshold of space.
But
NASA, the Air Force, the Federal Aviation Administration and some
astrophysicists consider the boundary between the atmosphere and space
to begin 80 kilometres up.
The
risks to Mr. Branson and his crew were underscored in 2007, when a
rocket motor test in Mojave Desert left three workers dead, and in 2014,
when a Virgin Galactic rocket plane broke apart during a test flight,
killing one pilot and seriously injuring the other.
Ever
the showman, Mr. Branson insisted on a global livestream of the Sunday
morning flight and invited celebrities and former space station
astronauts to the companyโ€™s Spaceport America base in New Mexico.
R&B singer Khalid was on hand to perform his new single โ€œNew Normalโ€
โ€” a nod to the dawning of space tourism โ€” while CBS โ€œLate Showโ€ host
Stephen Colbert served as the eventโ€™s master of ceremonies.
Virgin
Galactic already has more than 600 reservations from would-be space
tourists, with tickets initially costing $250,000 apiece. Blue Origin is
waiting for Bezosโ€™ flight before announcing its ticket prices.
Muskโ€™s
SpaceX, which is already launching astronauts to the International
Space Station for NASA and is building moon and Mars ships, is also
competing for space tourism dollars. But its capsules will do more than
make brief, up-and-down forays; they will go into orbit around the
Earth, with seats costing well into the millions. Its first private
flight is set for September.
Musk himself has not committed to going into space anytime soon.
โ€œItโ€™s
a whole new horizon out there, new opportunities, new destinations,โ€
said former NASA astronaut Chris Ferguson, who commanded the last
shuttle flight 10 years ago. He now works for Boeing, which is
test-flying its own space capsule.
โ€œThis
is really sort of like the advent of commercial air travel, only 100
years later,โ€ Ferguson added. โ€œThereโ€™s a lot waiting in the wings.โ€
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Indian-origin aeronautical engineer to fly into space
PTI
Houston, July 10, 2021 21:53 IST
Updated: July 12, 2021 07:45 IST
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Sirisha Bandla
She will be part of Virgin Galactic flight
Sirisha
Bandla, a 34-year-old aeronautical engineer, is set to become the third
Indian-origin woman to head to space when she flies as part of Virgin
Galacticโ€™s first fully crewed flight test on Sunday.
Ms.
Bandla, who was born in Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, and brought up in
Houston, Texas, will join Sir Richard Branson, the companyโ€™s billionaire
founder, and five others on board Virgin Galacticโ€™s SpaceShipTwo Unity
to make a journey to the edge of space from New Mexico.
โ€œI am so incredibly honoured to be a part of the amazing crew of #Unity22, and to be a part of a company whose mission is to make space available to all,โ€ she tweeted.
Ms.
Bandla will be astronaut no 004 and her flight role will be Researcher
Experience, according to her profile on Virgin Galactic.
She will become the third Indian-origin woman to fly into space after Kalpana Chawla and Sunita Williams.
Ms.
Bandla started in her role as the Vice President of Government Affairs
and Research Operations at Virgin Galactic in January 2021.

thehindu.com
Indian-origin aeronautical engineer to fly into space
She will be part of Virgin Galactic flight




Jagatheesan Chandrasekharan, [11.07.21 23:59]
https://www.ndtv.com/indians-abroad/virgin-galactic-sirisha-bandla-becomes-third-indian-origin-woman-to-fly-into-space-2484291

Sirisha Bandla Becomes Third Indian-Origin Woman To Fly Into Space
Virgin
Galactic’s VSS Unity, as the spaceplane is called, took off for the
1.5-hour mission above New Mexico following a 90-minute delay due to bad
weather.

Houston: Aeronautical engineer Sirisha Bandla on Sunday
became the third Indian-origin woman to fly into space when she joined
British billionaire Richard Branson on Virgin Galactic’s first fully
crewed suborbital test flight from New Mexico.
Virgin Galactic’s VSS
Unity, as the spaceplane is called, took off for the 1.5-hour mission
above New Mexico following a 90-minute delay due to bad weather.
Ms
Bandla joined Branson and five others on board Virgin Galactic’s
SpaceShipTwo Unity to make a journey to the edge of space from New
Mexico.

“I am so incredibly honoured to be a part of the amazing
crew of #Unity22, and to be a part of a company whose mission is to make
space available to all,” 34-year-old Bandla tweeted days before the
flight.

Sirisha Bandla
 (https://twitter.com/SirishaBandla?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1410947220418011138%7Ctwgr%5E%7Ctwcon%5Es2_&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Findians-abroad%2Fvirgin-galactic-sirisha-bandla-becomes-third-indian-origin-woman-to-fly-into-space-2484291)
@SirishaBandla

(https://twitter.com/SirishaBandla?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1410947220418011138%7Ctwgr%5E%7Ctwcon%5Es2_&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Findians-abroad%2Fvirgin-galactic-sirisha-bandla-becomes-third-indian-origin-woman-to-fly-into-space-2484291)
ยท
Jul
2, 2021
(https://twitter.com/SirishaBandla/status/1410946704875130882?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1410947220418011138%7Ctwgr%5E%7Ctwcon%5Es2_&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Findians-abroad%2Fvirgin-galactic-sirisha-bandla-becomes-third-indian-origin-woman-to-fly-into-space-2484291)

I
am so incredibly honored to be a part of the amazing crew of #Unity22
(https://twitter.com/hashtag/Unity22?src=hashtag_click), and to be a
part of a company whose mission is to make space available to all.

Virgin Galactic

@virgingalactic
Join us July 11th for our first fully crewed rocket powered test flight, and the beginning of a new space age.
The countdown begins. #Unity22
 http://virgingalactic.com. @RichardBranson

Sirisha Bandla
 (https://twitter.com/SirishaBandla?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1410947220418011138%7Ctwgr%5E%7Ctwcon%5Es1_&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Findians-abroad%2Fvirgin-galactic-sirisha-bandla-becomes-third-indian-origin-woman-to-fly-into-space-2484291)
@SirishaBandla

(https://twitter.com/SirishaBandla?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1410947220418011138%7Ctwgr%5E%7Ctwcon%5Es1_&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Findians-abroad%2Fvirgin-galactic-sirisha-bandla-becomes-third-indian-origin-woman-to-fly-into-space-2484291)
I really didn’t need to tweet this since my friends flooded the feed yesterday with it

I
was overwhelmed (in a good way!) by messages of love, unrecognizable
capital text, and positivity yesterday. Slowly working my way through
them…one platform at a time!

“When I first heard that I was
getting this opportunity, it was just… I was speechless. I think that
that probably captured it very well. This is an incredible opportunity
to get people from different backgrounds, different geographies and
different communities into space,” she said in a video posted on the
Twitter handle of Virgin Galactic on July 6.
The primary objective for Unity 22 was to serve as a test flight for future commercial passenger flights by Virgin Galactic.

Ms
Bandla, who was born in Guntur district in Andhra Pradesh and brought
up in Houston, was astronaut No 004 and her flight role was Researcher
Experience. The other crew members were two pilots and three other
crewmates, including billionaire Branson, who turns 71 in a week.
She
became the third Indian-origin woman to fly into space after Kalpana
Chawla and Sunita Williams. Wing Commander Rakesh Sharma is the only
Indian citizen to travel in space. The former Indian Air Force pilot
flew aboard Soyuz T-11 on April 3, 1984, part of the Soviet Interkosmos
programme.

Ms Bandla moved to the US when she was 4-year-old and
graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree from the School of
Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University in 2011. She finished
her Master of Business Administration degree from George Washington
University in 2015.
Ms Bandla wanted to be an astronaut for the US
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). However, her poor
eyesight meant she could not meet the requirements to become a pilot or
an astronaut.

When she was at Purdue University, a professor told her about an opportunity in the field of commercial space flights.
Virgin
Galactic - the business Branson started in 2004 - aims to fly private
citizens to the edge of space. The trips are designed to permit
passengers to experience three to four minutes of weightlessness and
observe the curvature of Earth.



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BUDDHAS HAND Taste Test & CANDIED CITRON Recipe | Fruity Fruits
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https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddha%27s_hand

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Citrus
medica var. sarcodactylis, or the fingered citron, is an unusually
shaped citron variety whose fruit is segmented into finger-like
sections, resembling those seen on representations of the Buddha. It is
called Buddha’s hand in Chinese (ไฝ›ๆ‰‹ๆŸ‘), Japanese (ไปๆ‰‹ๆŸ‘), Korean (๋ถˆ์ˆ˜๊ฐ;
ไฝ›ๆ‰‹ๆŸ‘), and French (main de Buddha).
Buddha’s hand
Buddhas hand 1.jpg
Buddha’s hand fruit, “open hand” appearance when ripe
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Rosids
Order:
Sapindales
Family:
Rutaceae
Genus:
Citrus
Species:
C. medica
Variety:
C. m. var. sarcodactylis
Trinomial name
Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis
(Siebold ex Hoola van Nooten) Swingle
The
different cultivars and variations of this citron variety form a
gradient from “open-hand” types with outward-splayed segments to
“closed-hand” types, in which the fingers are kept together. There are
also half-fingered fruits, in which the basal side is united and the
apical side fingered. The origin of this kind of citron is commonly
traced back to South or East Asia, probably northeastern India or China,
where most domesticated citrus fruits originate.[1]
Contents
DescriptionEdit
A fingered citron by Volckamer
Fingered citron by Wellcome
Citrus
medica var. sarcodactylis[2] is, like any other citron variety, a shrub
or small tree with long, irregular branches covered in thorns. Its
large, oblong leaves are pale green and grow about four to six inches.
Its white flowers are tinted purplish from the outside and grow in
fragrant clusters. The fruit’s fingers contain only the white part of
the fruit and sometimes a small amount of acidic pulp, but many of them
are completely juiceless and some are seedless.[3]
The
plant is sensitive to frost, as well as intense heat and drought. It
grows best in a temperate climate. Trees can be grown from cuttings
taken from branches two to four years old. It is very commonly grafted
onto sufficient rootstock.
UsesEdit
Huge fruit breaking bearing twig
Buddha’s hand citron in Val Rahmeh botanical garden
PerfumeryEdit
Buddha’s
hand fruit is very fragrant and is used predominantly in China,
Malaysia and Japan for perfuming rooms and personal items such as
clothing.
ReligiousEdit
The
fruit may be given as a religious offering in Buddhist temples.
According to tradition, Buddha prefers the “fingers” of the fruit to be
in a position where they resemble a closed rather than open hand, as
closed hands symbolize to Buddha the act of prayer. In China, the
Buddha’s hand fruit is a symbol of happiness, longevity, and good
fortune. It is also a traditional temple offering and a New Year’s
gift.[4]
OrnamentalEdit
The fingered citron is cultivated as an ornamental tree in gardens and containers on patios and terraces.
Food and medicineEdit
Unlike
other citrus fruits, most varieties of the Buddha’s hand fruit contain
no pulp or juice. Though esteemed chiefly for its “exquisite form and
aroma”, the Buddhaโ€™s hand fruit can also be eaten (often as a zest or
flavouring) in desserts, savory dishes, and alcoholic beverages (such as
vodka) or candied as a sweet. The sliced, dried peel of immature fruits
is also prescribed as a tonic in traditional medicine.[3]
GalleryEdit
Semi-fingered and closed
Closed fingers
Side view
A fingered citron
Semi-closed fingers
In Villa di Castello
Semi dwarf fingered citron (green)
With open fingers
Cross section in a Variety etrog citron, and in fingered citron

en.m.wikipedia.org
Buddha’s hand - Wikipedia
Citrus
medica var. sarcodactylis, or the fingered citron, is an unusually
shaped citron variety whose fruit is segmented into finger-like
sections, resembling those seen on representations of the Buddha. It is
called Buddha’s hand in Chinese (ไฝ›ๆ‰‹ๆŸ‘), Japanese (ไปๆ‰‹ๆŸ‘), Korean (๋ถˆ์ˆ˜๊ฐ;
ไฝ›….
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