Free Online FOOD for MIND & HUNGER - DO GOOD 😊 PURIFY MIND.To live like free birds 🐦 🦢 🦅 grow fruits 🍍 🍊 🥑 🥭 🍇 🍌 🍎 🍉 🍒 🍑 🥝 vegetables 🥦 🥕 🥗 🥬 🥔 🍆 🥜 🎃 🫑 🍅🍜 🧅 🍄 🍝 🥗 🥒 🌽 🍏 🫑 🌳 🍓 🍊 🥥 🌵 🍈 🌰 🇧🇧 🫐 🍅 🍐 🫒Plants 🌱in pots 🪴 along with Meditative Mindful Swimming 🏊♂️ to Attain NIBBĀNA the Eternal Bliss.
Kushinara NIBBĀNA Bhumi Pagoda White Home, Puniya Bhumi Bengaluru, Prabuddha Bharat International.
09/08/21
Filed under: General, Theravada Tipitaka , Plant raw Vegan Broccoli, peppers, cucumbers, carrots
Posted by: site admin @ 9:58 pm
Posted by: site admin @ 9:58 pm
𝓛𝓔𝓢𝓢𝓞𝓝 4087 Thu 9 Sep 2021
https://www.buddha-vacana.org/
Buddha Vacana
— The words of the Buddha —
http://www.buddhanet.net/dhammapada/d_twin.htm
Positive Words of the Awakened One Buddha in
107) Classical Turkmen
Positive Words of the Awakened One Buddha in
Happy to see work progressing for renovating Rohni Buddha Vihara. Wish all Buddhists Donate Liberally for the Good Cause.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Let us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli
Pepper 
Cucumber 
Carrots 
Beans in Pots. Fruit 
Bearing Trees 
all over the world 
and in Space.
Let us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli
Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious 
Happy 
Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.-
Online Positive Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.-Online Positive Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention. 𝙆𝙪𝙨𝙝𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙧𝙖 𝙉𝙄𝘽𝘽Ā𝙉𝘼 𝘽𝙃𝙐𝙈𝙄 𝙋𝙖𝙜𝙤𝙙𝙖
18𝙛𝙩 𝘿𝙞𝙖. 𝙖 3𝘿 360 𝙙𝙚𝙜𝙧𝙚𝙚 𝙘𝙞𝙧𝙘𝙪𝙡𝙖𝙧 𝙋𝙖𝙜𝙤𝙙𝙖 𝙖𝙩
𝙒𝙝𝙞𝙩𝙚 𝙃𝙤𝙢𝙚,
668 5𝙩𝙝 𝘼 𝙈𝙖𝙞𝙣 𝙍𝙤𝙖𝙙,
8𝙩𝙝 𝘾𝙧𝙤𝙨𝙨, 𝙃𝘼𝙇 𝙄𝙄𝙄 𝙎𝙩𝙖𝙜𝙚,
𝙋𝙪𝙣𝙞𝙮𝙖 𝘽𝙃𝙐𝙈𝙄 𝘽𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙡𝙪𝙧𝙪,
𝙈𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙙𝙝𝙞 𝙆𝙖𝙧𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙠𝙖,
𝙋𝙧𝙖𝙗𝙪𝙙𝙙𝙝𝙖 𝘽𝙝𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩 𝙄𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙖𝙡
𝙝𝙩𝙩𝙥://𝙨𝙖𝙧𝙫𝙖𝙟𝙖𝙣.𝙖𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙙𝙠𝙖𝙧.𝙤𝙧𝙜
𝙗𝙪𝙙𝙙𝙝𝙖𝙨𝙖𝙞𝙙2𝙪𝙨@𝙜𝙢𝙖𝙞𝙡.𝙘𝙤𝙢
𝙟𝙘𝙨4𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙧@𝙤𝙪𝙩𝙡𝙤𝙤𝙠.𝙘𝙤𝙢
𝙟𝙘𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙚𝙠𝙝𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣@𝙮𝙖𝙝𝙤𝙤.𝙘𝙤𝙢
080-25203792
9449260443
9449835975
107) Classical Turkmen
Buddanyň klassiki türkmendäki budda budda budda budda
Pikiri arassalaň
Açlyk has erbet keseliň iň erbet görnüşidir - Budda
Brokçik,
burç, pepporbinler, noýba, çopa sorabi planetasynyň ýer böleginden we
kosmosa çenli beýik reňkli agaç agaçlary ösdürip ýetişdirýän ýerlerde
derw miweli agaçlary we miweli agaçlarydyr. Tohumlara we nesiller üçin
baglan we tokaý bölümlerine garşy duruň.
burç, pepporbinler, noýba, çopa sorabi planetasynyň ýer böleginden we
kosmosa çenli beýik reňkli agaç agaçlary ösdürip ýetişdirýän ýerlerde
derw miweli agaçlary we miweli agaçlarydyr. Tohumlara we nesiller üçin
baglan we tokaý bölümlerine garşy duruň.
DN 16 - (D II 137)
Mahāparinibbrýa sutta
{bölek}
Mahā-Paýhinibbāna tarapyndan budda iň soňky görkezmeleri
Bu
Suttt Buddanyň häzirki wagtyndan soň yzyna eýerijileriň hatyrasyna
beren dürli görkezmelerini okaýar, bu bolsa häzirki döwürde öňküsi ýaly
möhüm görkezijiler toplumy bolup geçdi.
Suttt Buddanyň häzirki wagtyndan soň yzyna eýerijileriň hatyrasyna
beren dürli görkezmelerini okaýar, bu bolsa häzirki döwürde öňküsi ýaly
möhüm görkezijiler toplumy bolup geçdi.
Şeýle
hem islegli dammāka, Anliiýa Hristian diýip atlandyrýan dammādija
diýseler, Nirachānana, indi tirakçi, indi ownuk-yona ýok, ýok
betbagtlyk, betbagtlyk, betbagtlyk, men Sotāpana, tebigat tarapyndan
betbagtçylyk ştatlaryndan azat we samsowniklere niýetlenendir.
hem islegli dammāka, Anliiýa Hristian diýip atlandyrýan dammādija
diýseler, Nirachānana, indi tirakçi, indi ownuk-yona ýok, ýok
betbagtlyk, betbagtlyk, betbagtlyk, men Sotāpana, tebigat tarapyndan
betbagtçylyk ştatlaryndan azat we samsowniklere niýetlenendir.
We ānanda,
Şeýle
hem isleg edýän Dammānahanyň özüni yglan edip barmagy, indi Nirachānana
ýok, başga-da, Tirakçiýa-ýoro, başga-da ştat ýok betbagtlyk,
betbagtlyk, I. Tebigat bilen, Samovid ştatlaryna erkin, totāpera,
Samborda niýetlenendirmi?
hem isleg edýän Dammānahanyň özüni yglan edip barmagy, indi Nirachānana
ýok, başga-da, Tirakçiýa-ýoro, başga-da ştat ýok betbagtlyk,
betbagtlyk, I. Tebigat bilen, Samovid ştatlaryna erkin, totāpera,
Samborda niýetlenendirmi?
Ine, Jeýnaý Isāwaka budde AveCyppasāda:
Dhamme AveCyppashypapashypapsāda bilen baglanyşykly:
Saṅghe Aveckapyppashypapsāda bilen baglanyşykly:
Arianlara laýyk gelýän sīala,
Bu,
çiçdi, eýesi Ariýasýa bar bolsa, Ariýasnikanyň emudalyjy Meni aklamak:
“Meniň üçin Nirachton-Xcivisa-da ýok diýilýän dammaāāchana ýok Miseriň
betbagtçylygynyň mesgen boljak hultlylygy bolmadyk ýagdaýa indi şiswod
ştatlaryndan azat etmek, samsowniklere niýetlenendigi bilen
deňeşdirilende Sotāpana.
çiçdi, eýesi Ariýasýa bar bolsa, Ariýasnikanyň emudalyjy Meni aklamak:
“Meniň üçin Nirachton-Xcivisa-da ýok diýilýän dammaāāchana ýok Miseriň
betbagtçylygynyň mesgen boljak hultlylygy bolmadyk ýagdaýa indi şiswod
ştatlaryndan azat etmek, samsowniklere niýetlenendigi bilen
deňeşdirilende Sotāpana.
Sato galmaly, Bilekhus we Sampajānos. Bu biziň size niýetimizdir.
, Bilkhus, Bhikhu Sato? Bu ýerde Biçhus, Bikhus
Şeýlelik bilen, Bilkhus, birkukhu sato. , Bilkhus, Bhikhu Sampajāno? Ine, Bilkhus,
Şeýlelik bilen, Bilkhus, Bhikhu Sampajiān. Sato galmaly, Bilekhus we Sampajānos. Bu biziň size niýetimizdir.
- Ananda, ekiz Sala
Agaçlar
bütin gülkünç gülleýär, gül möwsüminiň möwsümi däl bolsa-da. We güllük
tatahatata tagtada ýagyş ýagýar we taşlap, dargady we dargady we tathaga
ybadathanasyna ybadat bolýar. Köne meral gülleri we asmandan ýeljerilen
güller we gökga çatryk izolýasiýa tozy, düşüriň we taşlaň we tagta
ybadathanasyna ybadathananyň ybadathanasyna çokunýar. Jennet sesleriniň
sesleri we gök gurallaryň sesi howada aýdym-sazda aýdym-sazda aýdym-saz
atýar.
bütin gülkünç gülleýär, gül möwsüminiň möwsümi däl bolsa-da. We güllük
tatahatata tagtada ýagyş ýagýar we taşlap, dargady we dargady we tathaga
ybadathanasyna ybadat bolýar. Köne meral gülleri we asmandan ýeljerilen
güller we gökga çatryk izolýasiýa tozy, düşüriň we taşlaň we tagta
ybadathanasyna ybadathananyň ybadathanasyna çokunýar. Jennet sesleriniň
sesleri we gök gurallaryň sesi howada aýdym-sazda aýdym-sazda aýdym-saz
atýar.
Bu
ninana, Togāgata tölenen, hormat goýulmagy, abraýly ýaşaýyş we hormat
goýulýan. Fýaöne, Ananda, Bhilkh ýa-da ýylanohuni, galan damman, zeper]
-apanna, Galan Damman, Samāc’p'paṭanna,
ninana, Togāgata tölenen, hormat goýulmagy, abraýly ýaşaýyş we hormat
goýulýan. Fýaöne, Ananda, Bhilkh ýa-da ýylanohuni, galan damman, zeper]
-apanna, Galan Damman, Samāc’p'paṭanna,
Dhammanyň,
şol bir tarapdan, şol bir hormatly grafigine, hampaniýa rugsat berýän
hyzmat edýär, monjurany töleýär we iň ajaýyp adam ýaly tatwata-da hormat
goýýar. Şonuň üçin oňatga özümde tälim bermeli, şeýdip,
Damm’ānudham’p'ap’pseṭ’pseṭs’pyBhab’nudh’pseṭ’pseṭs ortadaṭ’pseọpalfas
jiant fralen, Dhammana laýyklykda ýaşap bileris “.
şol bir tarapdan, şol bir hormatly grafigine, hampaniýa rugsat berýän
hyzmat edýär, monjurany töleýär we iň ajaýyp adam ýaly tatwata-da hormat
goýýar. Şonuň üçin oňatga özümde tälim bermeli, şeýdip,
Damm’ānudham’p'ap’pseṭ’pseṭs’pyBhab’nudh’pseṭ’pseṭs ortadaṭ’pseọpalfas
jiant fralen, Dhammana laýyklykda ýaşap bileris “.
Bhagawan Budda diýýär
“Doganlarym,
ýolunda adam öňüni almak gerekdigini, bu iki asyr bar. Munuň özi iki?
Bir duýguly sapasy içine özüni dalma ybaratdyr. We beýleki onuň
zerurlyklarynyň teni mahrum bir programma austerities ybaratdyr. Bu üç
ikisi-şowsuzlygyna getirıän.
ýolunda adam öňüni almak gerekdigini, bu iki asyr bar. Munuň özi iki?
Bir duýguly sapasy içine özüni dalma ybaratdyr. We beýleki onuň
zerurlyklarynyň teni mahrum bir programma austerities ybaratdyr. Bu üç
ikisi-şowsuzlygyna getirıän.
“Men
keşfettim ýoly hem asyr önler we düşünişmek, azat, parahatçylygyň lider
bir göwrümini bar Orta ýoly bar. Dogry düşünişmek, dogry pikir, dogry
söz, dogry Edim, Dogry tutuň, dogry tagalla, sag üns we sag
konsantrasyon gatly ýoly bar. Bu gatly Beýik ýoldan we düşünişmek, azat
parahatçylygyň düşünensiňiz.
keşfettim ýoly hem asyr önler we düşünişmek, azat, parahatçylygyň lider
bir göwrümini bar Orta ýoly bar. Dogry düşünişmek, dogry pikir, dogry
söz, dogry Edim, Dogry tutuň, dogry tagalla, sag üns we sag
konsantrasyon gatly ýoly bar. Bu gatly Beýik ýoldan we düşünişmek, azat
parahatçylygyň düşünensiňiz.
ilkinji
ajy bolmagydyr. Dogluş, garrylyga, kesel, we ölüm ejir bar. Gam, gahar,
bahyllyk, endişe, alada, gorky, we çäresizlik ejir bar. ýakynlary aýra
ejir çekýär. sevmediğiniz bolanlara birleşigi ejir çekýär. bäş topara
islegi, berkidiş we Tutunamaya ejir bar.
ajy bolmagydyr. Dogluş, garrylyga, kesel, we ölüm ejir bar. Gam, gahar,
bahyllyk, endişe, alada, gorky, we çäresizlik ejir bar. ýakynlary aýra
ejir çekýär. sevmediğiniz bolanlara birleşigi ejir çekýär. bäş topara
islegi, berkidiş we Tutunamaya ejir bar.
“Brothers, ikinji hakykaty ajy sebäbi ýüze. nadanlyk sebäpli,
adamlar ýaşaýyş barada hakykaty görüp bilmersiňiz, we arzuw, gahar,
kıskançlık, gynanç, endişe, gorkudan we umytsyzlygyň Flames çekdi
bolmak.
adamlar ýaşaýyş barada hakykaty görüp bilmersiňiz, we arzuw, gahar,
kıskançlık, gynanç, endişe, gorkudan we umytsyzlygyň Flames çekdi
bolmak.
“Brothers, üçünji hakykaty ajy atyşygy bar.
durmuşynyň hakykaty düşünmek her keder we ýakasyny bes barada getirýär we asudalyk we şatlyk ýol berýär.
“Brothers, dördünji hakykaty ajy bes haýsy ýol ýoldur. Men diňe
düşündiripdik gatly ýoly bar. Gatly ýoly mindfully ýaşaýan tarapyndan
beslenen edilýär. asudalyk we şatlyk her ağrı aýyrýar size we gynanç we
ýol bilen we konsantrasyonuna düşünişmek üçin üns grifeller. Men durmuşa
bu ýoly bilen ynamly size ýol görkezer.
düşündiripdik gatly ýoly bar. Gatly ýoly mindfully ýaşaýan tarapyndan
beslenen edilýär. asudalyk we şatlyk her ağrı aýyrýar size we gynanç we
ýol bilen we konsantrasyonuna düşünişmek üçin üns grifeller. Men durmuşa
bu ýoly bilen ynamly size ýol görkezer.
“Vision ýagtyltma öň hiç zat eşitmändigini zatlar barada mende
turdy-da, düşünjesi turdy-da, tutanýerliligi, turdy-da, maglumat
turdy-da, ýerinden turdy:. Stres Bu asylly hakykaty comprehended edildi,
turdy-da, düşünjesi turdy-da, tutanýerliligi, turdy-da, maglumat
turdy-da, ýerinden turdy:. Stres Bu asylly hakykaty comprehended edildi,
“Stres
bes asylly hakykaty: doly solma we bes, çykmak, relinquishment,
wersiýasy & gaty arzuw bilen gideliň. stres bes Bu asylly hakykaty
gerçekleşmiştir. Bu stres bes önde ýüzünde ýoly asylly hakykatdyr.
bes asylly hakykaty: doly solma we bes, çykmak, relinquishment,
wersiýasy & gaty arzuw bilen gideliň. stres bes Bu asylly hakykaty
gerçekleşmiştir. Bu stres bes önde ýüzünde ýoly asylly hakykatdyr.
“Gysga
wagtyň içinde-edildi bolar, onda, meniň öňe hakykatdan arassa etdi göni
ýaradypdy bolmagy üçin geldim bu dört asylly hakykaty barada meniň
maglumat we görmek ýaly dogry öz-özüni awakening ähli görünmez
Aragatnaşyklar tefekkür bilen evrendeki unexcelled, brahman, onuň
awtorlyk we commonfolk. Maglumat we pikir mende turdy: mizemez meniň
Wersiýanyň mundan uly ölçegi bar. Bu meniň iň soňky dogluş bar. indi ýok
täzelenen barlygy ýok. “
wagtyň içinde-edildi bolar, onda, meniň öňe hakykatdan arassa etdi göni
ýaradypdy bolmagy üçin geldim bu dört asylly hakykaty barada meniň
maglumat we görmek ýaly dogry öz-özüni awakening ähli görünmez
Aragatnaşyklar tefekkür bilen evrendeki unexcelled, brahman, onuň
awtorlyk we commonfolk. Maglumat we pikir mende turdy: mizemez meniň
Wersiýanyň mundan uly ölçegi bar. Bu meniň iň soňky dogluş bar. indi ýok
täzelenen barlygy ýok. “
Siddhartha
dört Beýik Hakyky düşündirmek durka, keşiş biri Kondanna duýdansyz öz
öňünde içinde parlamak uly duýdum. Ol gaty uzak bakmış azat tadı bolup
biler. Ýüzi şatlykdan gülen. Budda oňa yşarat etdi we “Kondanna gygyrdy!
Sen ony etdik! Sen ony etdik! “
dört Beýik Hakyky düşündirmek durka, keşiş biri Kondanna duýdansyz öz
öňünde içinde parlamak uly duýdum. Ol gaty uzak bakmış azat tadı bolup
biler. Ýüzi şatlykdan gülen. Budda oňa yşarat etdi we “Kondanna gygyrdy!
Sen ony etdik! Sen ony etdik! “
Kondanna
el aýasynyň goşuldy we Sidharth öň tagzym etdi. çuň hormat bilen
aýdanda, “Muhterem Gautama siziň şägirdiniň meni kabul ediň. Men
ýolbaşçylygynda, men Beýik oýanyşy ýetmek boljakdygyny bilýäris. “
el aýasynyň goşuldy we Sidharth öň tagzym etdi. çuň hormat bilen
aýdanda, “Muhterem Gautama siziň şägirdiniň meni kabul ediň. Men
ýolbaşçylygynda, men Beýik oýanyşy ýetmek boljakdygyny bilýäris. “
Mundan
başga-da Sidharth boýunça aýagujynda tagzym beýleki dört monahlar, eliň
aýasynda goşulýar we okuwçylary hökmünde kabul isledi. Siddhartha
“Brothers diýdi obanyň halky maňa adyny Budda berdiler. ” isleýän
bolsaňyz, köp, şol at bilen meni gözläp bilersiňiz. “
başga-da Sidharth boýunça aýagujynda tagzym beýleki dört monahlar, eliň
aýasynda goşulýar we okuwçylary hökmünde kabul isledi. Siddhartha
“Brothers diýdi obanyň halky maňa adyny Budda berdiler. ” isleýän
bolsaňyz, köp, şol at bilen meni gözläp bilersiňiz. “
Kondanna “don däl-Budda” ortaça “bir ýaradypdy kim?» Diýip sorady
“Bu dogry, we olar ýüze bolandygyny ýoly jaň” Awakening Way. “Eger-de bu ady näme pikir edýärsiňiz?”
“Bir
ýaradypdy kimiň! “Awakening Way! Ajaýyp! Ajaýyp! Bu atlaryň hakyky,
emma ýönekeý bar. Biz bagtly Budda sizi çagyrarlar, we ýol üçin
Awakening Way tapyldy. diňe aýdyşy ýaly, her gün mindfully ýaşaýan ruhy
ýüzünde köp esasy bolup durýar. ” bäş monahlar öz mugallymy hökmünde
Gautama kabul we Budda ony gözlemek üçin bir akyl bardy.
ýaradypdy kimiň! “Awakening Way! Ajaýyp! Ajaýyp! Bu atlaryň hakyky,
emma ýönekeý bar. Biz bagtly Budda sizi çagyrarlar, we ýol üçin
Awakening Way tapyldy. diňe aýdyşy ýaly, her gün mindfully ýaşaýan ruhy
ýüzünde köp esasy bolup durýar. ” bäş monahlar öz mugallymy hökmünde
Gautama kabul we Budda ony gözlemek üçin bir akyl bardy.
Budda olara ýylgyrdy. ” Eý doganlar, açyk we akylly ruhy bilen pratik we üç aýyň sen azat miwesini dolan berer. ”
Journey To The West Clip - Fish Out Of Water
Magnolia Pictures & Magnet Releasing
496K subscribers
Watch more movies like this today for free: https://www.magnoliaselects.com/
Based
on one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature of the
same name, Stephen Chow’s ‘Journey To The West’ is a contemporary remake
of the misadventures of a Buddhist monk as he makes a pilgrimage from
China to India.
on one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature of the
same name, Stephen Chow’s ‘Journey To The West’ is a contemporary remake
of the misadventures of a Buddhist monk as he makes a pilgrimage from
China to India.
Watch it today:
iTunes: http://bit.ly/JTTWiTunes
On Demand: http://bit.ly/MagOnDemand
In Theatres: http://bit.ly/JTTWTheat
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=“Citta”+-a+syn
farkındalık on Seyirci bilen Budda boýunça öz sözleri Gazet
Maha + satipaṭṭhāna
Dinleriniň, ýarysy, kast, deňsizlikler,
güni bardy
Ol ýerde
we
ýerde dowam eder!
Dr B.R.Ambedkar “Baş Bharat Baudhmay karunga.” Gürledi (Men bu ýurdy Buddist etmek bolar)
Ähli
Aboriginal ýaradypdy jemgyýetleri Thunder hilariously “Hum Prapanch
Prabuddha Prapanchmay karunge.” (Biz bütin dünıäni Prabuddha Prapanch
eder
Aboriginal ýaradypdy jemgyýetleri Thunder hilariously “Hum Prapanch
Prabuddha Prapanchmay karunge.” (Biz bütin dünıäni Prabuddha Prapanch
eder
Bu arkaly bolar
Konwensiýanyň
üpjünçilik, bagtyýarlyk we Parahatçylyk Ähli jemgyýetleriniň üçin üçin
ýaradypdy bir özüne söz we olar üçin Mugt Online Prabuddha Aydınlar
ānāpāna bilen Kaya bölüminiň Gözlem bilen bilinci bilen Maha +
satipaṭṭhāna- Seyirci bilen maksadymyz hökmünde baky Bliss ýetmek,
duruş, sampajañña, repulsiveness, Vedana we Citta elementleri, dokuz
Ossuary meýdançasy,
üpjünçilik, bagtyýarlyk we Parahatçylyk Ähli jemgyýetleriniň üçin üçin
ýaradypdy bir özüne söz we olar üçin Mugt Online Prabuddha Aydınlar
ānāpāna bilen Kaya bölüminiň Gözlem bilen bilinci bilen Maha +
satipaṭṭhāna- Seyirci bilen maksadymyz hökmünde baky Bliss ýetmek,
duruş, sampajañña, repulsiveness, Vedana we Citta elementleri, dokuz
Ossuary meýdançasy,
onda
Dinleriniň, ýarysy, kast we deňsizlikler
bolmaz!
TIPITAKA
DN 22 - (D ii 290)
Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna Sutta
Buda tarapyndan farkındalık bilen Dowam
Maha + satipaṭṭhāna
Bu sutta giňden meditasiýa üçin esasy salgylanma hökmünde kabul edilýär.
giriş
Kaya I Gözegçilik
ānāpāna on A. Bölüm
duruş B. Bölüm
sampajañña on C. Bölüm
repulsiveness on D. Bölüm
Elementlerine E. Bölüm
dokuz Ossuary esaslar boýunça F. Bölüm
II. Vedana gözlem
giriş
Şeýdip, men eşitdim:
Bir gezek, Bhagavā Kammāsadhamma, Kuruş bazar Town Kuruş arasynda kalıyorum. Ol şol ýerde hem monahlar ýüzlenip:
- monahlar.
- Bhaddante Monks jogap berdi. Bhagavā diýdi:
- Bu
Monks, ýol bolandygyny hiç zat ýöne tämizlik getirıär
jandarlardan
bolsa gynanç we hasrat bilen ýeňip, dukkha-domanassa biwagt, dogry ýol
ýurdymyzyň, Nirvana durmuşa geçirilmegi, dört satipaṭṭhānas diýmek.
bolsa gynanç we hasrat bilen ýeňip, dukkha-domanassa biwagt, dogry ýol
ýurdymyzyň, Nirvana durmuşa geçirilmegi, dört satipaṭṭhānas diýmek.
Haýsy dört?
Bu ýerde, Monks, bir keşiş durup geçýär Gözlem Kaya-nji ýylda Kaya, ATAPI
sampajāno, satimā dünýäniň dogry abhijjhā-domanassa terk çekýär.
Ol
ATAPI, satimā, abhijjhā-domanassa dünýä dogry çenli beripdi sampajāno,
Vedana-nji Vedana syn mesgen. Ol ATAPI, satimā dünýäniň dogry
abhijjhā-domanassa çenli beripdi sampajāno, Citta Citi syn mesgen. Ol s,
ATAPI, satimā, abhijjhā-domanassa dünýä dogry çenli beripdi sampajāno ·
Darma-nji ýylda Dharma, · s syn mesgen.
ATAPI, satimā, abhijjhā-domanassa dünýä dogry çenli beripdi sampajāno,
Vedana-nji Vedana syn mesgen. Ol ATAPI, satimā dünýäniň dogry
abhijjhā-domanassa çenli beripdi sampajāno, Citta Citi syn mesgen. Ol s,
ATAPI, satimā, abhijjhā-domanassa dünýä dogry çenli beripdi sampajāno ·
Darma-nji ýylda Dharma, · s syn mesgen.
I Kāyānupassanā
ānāpāna on A. Bölüm
we
nähili
Monks yapar bir keşiş işe Gözlem Kaya-nji ýylda Kaya? Bu ýerde, Monks,
bir keşiş, tokaý tamamlanyndan soňra ýa-da agaçdan kökünde tamamlanyndan
soňra ýa-da boş bir otag tamamlanyndan soňra, Kaya dik düzmek we sati
parimukhaṃ sazlaýjylary bellenilen bolmasa, aýaklary çapraz katlanabilir
otyr. Şeýlelikde bolmak ol daşary dem şeker şeýlelikde bolmak, şol dem
şeker. Ol düşünýär uzak dem: «Men uzak dem edýärin; Dem uzak ol
düşünýär: «Men uzak Dem edýärin; Gysga ol düşünýär dem: «Men gysga dem
am; daşary gysga ol düşünýär dem: «Men gysga Dem edýärin; özüni
taýýarlaýar: Kaya duýgy, men dem bereris ‘; özüni taýýarlaýar: ähli Kaya
duýgy, men dem bereris ‘; özüni taýýarlaýar: Kaya-saṅkhāras aşak
sakinleştirici, men dem bereris ‘; özüni taýýarlaýar: Kaya-saṅkhāras,
men dem bolar aşak sakinleştirici.
Monks yapar bir keşiş işe Gözlem Kaya-nji ýylda Kaya? Bu ýerde, Monks,
bir keşiş, tokaý tamamlanyndan soňra ýa-da agaçdan kökünde tamamlanyndan
soňra ýa-da boş bir otag tamamlanyndan soňra, Kaya dik düzmek we sati
parimukhaṃ sazlaýjylary bellenilen bolmasa, aýaklary çapraz katlanabilir
otyr. Şeýlelikde bolmak ol daşary dem şeker şeýlelikde bolmak, şol dem
şeker. Ol düşünýär uzak dem: «Men uzak dem edýärin; Dem uzak ol
düşünýär: «Men uzak Dem edýärin; Gysga ol düşünýär dem: «Men gysga dem
am; daşary gysga ol düşünýär dem: «Men gysga Dem edýärin; özüni
taýýarlaýar: Kaya duýgy, men dem bereris ‘; özüni taýýarlaýar: ähli Kaya
duýgy, men dem bereris ‘; özüni taýýarlaýar: Kaya-saṅkhāras aşak
sakinleştirici, men dem bereris ‘; özüni taýýarlaýar: Kaya-saṅkhāras,
men dem bolar aşak sakinleştirici.
adalatly
monahlar
ýaly, uzak bir dönüş etmek bir usta Tokar ýa-da Turner boýunça şägirt,
düşünýär: «Men uzak tapgyryna etmek edýärin; gysga dönüş etmek,
düşünjesini: «Men gysga tapgyryna etmek edýärin; Şol bir şekilde,
monahlar, bir keşiş-nji ýylda, uzak dem, düşünýär: «Men uzak dem alalyň,
uzak ol düşünýär Dem:« Men uzak Dem edýärin; Gysga ol düşünýär dem:
«Men gysga dem am; daşary gysga ol düşünýär dem: «Men gysga Dem edýärin;
özüni taýýarlaýar: ähli Kaya duýgy, men dem bereris ‘; özüni
taýýarlaýar: ähli Kaya duýgy, men dem bereris ‘; özüni taýýarlaýar:
Kaya-saṅkhāras aşak sakinleştirici, men dem bereris ‘; özüni
taýýarlaýar: Kaya-saṅkhāras, men dem bolar aşak sakinleştirici.
ýaly, uzak bir dönüş etmek bir usta Tokar ýa-da Turner boýunça şägirt,
düşünýär: «Men uzak tapgyryna etmek edýärin; gysga dönüş etmek,
düşünjesini: «Men gysga tapgyryna etmek edýärin; Şol bir şekilde,
monahlar, bir keşiş-nji ýylda, uzak dem, düşünýär: «Men uzak dem alalyň,
uzak ol düşünýär Dem:« Men uzak Dem edýärin; Gysga ol düşünýär dem:
«Men gysga dem am; daşary gysga ol düşünýär dem: «Men gysga Dem edýärin;
özüni taýýarlaýar: ähli Kaya duýgy, men dem bereris ‘; özüni
taýýarlaýar: ähli Kaya duýgy, men dem bereris ‘; özüni taýýarlaýar:
Kaya-saṅkhāras aşak sakinleştirici, men dem bereris ‘; özüni
taýýarlaýar: Kaya-saṅkhāras, men dem bolar aşak sakinleştirici.
Şeýlelikde, ol içerki Kaya-nji ýylda Kaya syn mesgen,
ýa-da,
ol daşarky Kaya-nji ýylda Kaya syn mesgen, ýa-da ol içki we daşky
Kaya-nji ýylda Kaya syn mesgen; Ol Kaya-nji ýylda hadysalar samudaya syn
mesgen, ýa-da ol Kaya uzak hadysalar geçen syn mesgen, ýa-da ol
samudaya syn Kaya-nji hadysalar aralykda geçen mesgen; ýa-da, [amala
aşyrmak:] başga “Bu Kaya bar!” sati, ol kesildi mesgen diňe, diňe nana
we diňe paṭissati derejede, oňa bar, dünýäde zat sarılmak däldir.
Şeýlelikde, Monks, bir keşiş durup geçýär Gözlem Kaya-nji Kaya.
ol daşarky Kaya-nji ýylda Kaya syn mesgen, ýa-da ol içki we daşky
Kaya-nji ýylda Kaya syn mesgen; Ol Kaya-nji ýylda hadysalar samudaya syn
mesgen, ýa-da ol Kaya uzak hadysalar geçen syn mesgen, ýa-da ol
samudaya syn Kaya-nji hadysalar aralykda geçen mesgen; ýa-da, [amala
aşyrmak:] başga “Bu Kaya bar!” sati, ol kesildi mesgen diňe, diňe nana
we diňe paṭissati derejede, oňa bar, dünýäde zat sarılmak däldir.
Şeýlelikde, Monks, bir keşiş durup geçýär Gözlem Kaya-nji Kaya.
B. Iriyāpatha Pabba
Mundan başga-da,
Monks, bir keşiş, yürürken, düşünýär: «Men ýöräp alalyň ýa-da
duran ol düşünýär: «Men duran alalyň ýa-da dünýäden ötdi otururken
düşünýär:
«Men oturan alalyň ýa-da ol düşünýär aşak ýalan bolsa:« Men aşak ýalan
edýärin. Ýa-da başga, haýsy mesele öz Kaya ol şoňa görä düşünýär, elden.
«Men oturan alalyň ýa-da ol düşünýär aşak ýalan bolsa:« Men aşak ýalan
edýärin. Ýa-da başga, haýsy mesele öz Kaya ol şoňa görä düşünýär, elden.
C.PA
Mundan başga-da,
bagkhus,
ýakynlaşanda, singpajula bilen gürleşmek bilen, Sampajañ sa bilen
hereket edýär, egrelendey we ýokarky çeňňekleri we alyp barýarka hereket
edýärdi, eşikleri we alyp barýarka hereket edýärdi Garaska hereket
edýär, içgyskem, ýeňilende, singpaja çeýüp barýarkany sampaja senñala
bilen hereket edýär, SampajaJjamñam bilen hereket edýär, oturgyçda,
oturyp barýarkylda durýarka, duran mahaly Samingatmak, gürleşmekde,
gürleşmek bilen, dymyşanda, sessiz bolsa, Sampajañññ bilen hereket
edýär.
ýakynlaşanda, singpajula bilen gürleşmek bilen, Sampajañ sa bilen
hereket edýär, egrelendey we ýokarky çeňňekleri we alyp barýarka hereket
edýärdi, eşikleri we alyp barýarka hereket edýärdi Garaska hereket
edýär, içgyskem, ýeňilende, singpaja çeýüp barýarkany sampaja senñala
bilen hereket edýär, SampajaJjamñam bilen hereket edýär, oturgyçda,
oturyp barýarkylda durýarka, duran mahaly Samingatmak, gürleşmekde,
gürleşmek bilen, dymyşanda, sessiz bolsa, Sampajañññ bilen hereket
edýär.
Şeýdip, ol Kāýa-da kāýa-da synlaýaryn, ýa-da
Kāya-da
Kāyy daşynda Kāya synlaýar ýa-da kāýa içerde kāýa içerde we daşynda
synlaýan kāya yzygiderli we daşyna syn edýärler; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
Kāyy daşynda Kāya synlaýar ýa-da kāýa içerde kāýa içerde we daşynda
synlaýan kāya yzygiderli we daşyna syn edýärler; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
D. abatlaýyş bölüminde bölüm
Mundan başga-da,
Bilekhus, Byzhu bu bedenleri goldaýarlar hasaplaýarlar
derisi
we deri bilen aýrylanlaryň daşyndan we hapalylaryndan doly: “Bu kyranyň
başyndan, kellesiniň, duzlaryň, dyrnaklaryň, telekiň saçlary bar) aşak
düşekde saçlar bar, bedeniň, daglaryň, dişleriň saçlary, diş, çünki then
,
we deri bilen aýrylanlaryň daşyndan we hapalylaryndan doly: “Bu kyranyň
başyndan, kellesiniň, duzlaryň, dyrnaklaryň, telekiň saçlary bar) aşak
düşekde saçlar bar, bedeniň, daglaryň, dişleriň saçlary, diş, çünki then
,
tenson, süňkler, böwrek, böwart, börek, ýürek, bagyr, slayura sleel,
öýkler, içegeler, öz ugurlary, nejisleri, zaýlary, köne,
Çilm, pus, gan, gan, set, ýag, ýag, ýag, ýag, ýag, tüýkülik, buruş, tüýkülik, buruş
symnat suwuklygy we peşew. “
Elbetde,
Bhihus, iki gezek açyk, paddy, pürd nohut, sygyr nohutlary, kowal
nohut, szame tohumy ýaly dürli däne bardy we oňa kesilen tohumlary ýaly
hala. Gowy gözleri gorapaşdyran adam özi bilen seredip, bular
mungylary-na teaslar eşidiş paddy, ol kaw-nohlar oturdylar,
kaw-nohutlary kaw-na uýýan öjükdirýän tüwidir. ” Bhilkhus, aýaklaryň
ýokarsyndan we kelläniň dabasyndan, aýaklaryň dabanyndan we saçlaryndan,
gaty bedeni hasaplaýar,
Bhihus, iki gezek açyk, paddy, pürd nohut, sygyr nohutlary, kowal
nohut, szame tohumy ýaly dürli däne bardy we oňa kesilen tohumlary ýaly
hala. Gowy gözleri gorapaşdyran adam özi bilen seredip, bular
mungylary-na teaslar eşidiş paddy, ol kaw-nohlar oturdylar,
kaw-nohutlary kaw-na uýýan öjükdirýän tüwidir. ” Bhilkhus, aýaklaryň
ýokarsyndan we kelläniň dabasyndan, aýaklaryň dabanyndan we saçlaryndan,
gaty bedeni hasaplaýar,
Derisi bilen we dürli görnüşsiz hapalardan doly
“Bu kāýa-da, kelläniň saçlary bar, bedeniň saçlary bar,
Dyrnaklar,
diş, çökün, äheň, süňk, jemi, çum, eginler, eginler, eginler, phelek,
pheas, gan, çukur, gun, terk, suw, terk etmek, gözýaşlary, ýag, ýag,
tüýkülik, tüýkülik, tüýkülik, surnaý suwuklyk we peşew. “
diş, çökün, äheň, süňk, jemi, çum, eginler, eginler, eginler, phelek,
pheas, gan, çukur, gun, terk, suw, terk etmek, gözýaşlary, ýag, ýag,
tüýkülik, tüýkülik, tüýkülik, surnaý suwuklyk we peşew. “
Şeýdip, ol Kāýa-da kāýa-da synlaýaryn, ýa-da
Kāya-da
Kāyy daşynda Kāya synlaýar ýa-da kāýa içerde kāýa içerde we daşynda
synlaýan kāya yzygiderli we daşyna syn edýärler; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati ony örän örän
örän örän ulularyň ñial we setery-iň daş çykmalaryna gözegçilik edýär we
dünýäde hiç zada kultypdyr. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k
interýa synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
Kāyy daşynda Kāya synlaýar ýa-da kāýa içerde kāýa içerde we daşynda
synlaýan kāya yzygiderli we daşyna syn edýärler; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati ony örän örän
örän örän ulularyň ñial we setery-iň daş çykmalaryna gözegçilik edýär we
dünýäde hiç zada kultypdyr. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k
interýa synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
E. elementleriň bölümi
Mundan başga-da,
bhekhus, bhikhu bu gaty kāýa şöhlesinde şöhlelenýär, ýöne ýerleşdirildi,
Emma bu ýerden çykaryldy: “Bu Kāýaa, ýer eýesi bar, earther elementi bar
Suw elementi, ýangyn elementi we howa elementi gury elementi “.
Sygyr,
Brukhus, ussatlyk bilen öldürilen ýa-da Bathcheriň käýinç şägirtleri,
ony bölekleri bölýän çatrykda oturýardy; Edil şonuň ýaly, Bhekhşy gaty
Kāýadygyny görkezýär, ýöne ýer ýüzünde goýulýar, ýöne ýer ýüzünde, ýer
element, suw elementi, ýangyn elementi we howa elementi bar “.
Brukhus, ussatlyk bilen öldürilen ýa-da Bathcheriň käýinç şägirtleri,
ony bölekleri bölýän çatrykda oturýardy; Edil şonuň ýaly, Bhekhşy gaty
Kāýadygyny görkezýär, ýöne ýer ýüzünde goýulýar, ýöne ýer ýüzünde, ýer
element, suw elementi, ýangyn elementi we howa elementi bar “.
Şeýdip, ol kāýa içaly kāýa-da synlaýar ýa-da ondan kiçi kāýundaky kāýada synlaýar ýa-da kāyy şäherindäki kāýa kāya synlaýar
Kāýa-ny-de
Kāýa-da içalyçylyk we daşarda synçy; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli thisati bar ediviwanyň geçelgesine üňde hast “-iň başga birine
ýapyşmaýarlar we dünýäde kāyýa şäherinde synlaýan ýaşynda;
Kāýa-da içalyçylyk we daşarda synçy; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli thisati bar ediviwanyň geçelgesine üňde hast “-iň başga birine
ýapyşmaýarlar we dünýäde kāyýa şäherinde synlaýan ýaşynda;
(1)
Mundan başga-da,
bir
gün bir gün öldi ýa-da üç gün ölen ýa-da üç gün ölen ýarany görüp,
örümli we ýiten topraga gaçdy, astmüş we aknan ýerinden ýüzglenip, bu
kāýaa getirýär: “Bu kāýa Şeýle-de bolsa, beýle tebigatyň bolmagy, bu
beýle bolar we beýle şertden azat däl “.
gün bir gün öldi ýa-da üç gün ölen ýa-da üç gün ölen ýarany görüp,
örümli we ýiten topraga gaçdy, astmüş we aknan ýerinden ýüzglenip, bu
kāýaa getirýär: “Bu kāýa Şeýle-de bolsa, beýle tebigatyň bolmagy, bu
beýle bolar we beýle şertden azat däl “.
Şeýdip,
ol içersoňy Kāynaat berijä ýa-da biri, Kāýa çenli gamçik synlaýar ýa-da
Kāay göni kāýa inçaýan kāya kāyna bezegde saklaýan we daşarky kāiýa
gam-alýanyndan haswat alyp, lukmanlaýan ýaşaýar; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
ol içersoňy Kāynaat berijä ýa-da biri, Kāýa çenli gamçik synlaýar ýa-da
Kāay göni kāýa inçaýan kāya kāyna bezegde saklaýan we daşarky kāiýa
gam-alýanyndan haswat alyp, lukmanlaýan ýaşaýar; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
(2)
Mundan başga-da,
BILIKHU,
ediliň, ediliň ýas jülgäni görýän ýaly, garyndaşlary ýaly tikenler
bilen kowalap, tiken ýere gaçdy, tikenler bilen iýilýän zatlaryň hemmesi
itler tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler
tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler tarapyndan
iýilýän möjekler tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler
tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler bilen iýilýär,
iýilýär Dürli jandarlar tarapyndan iýilýän sütärler tarapyndan iýilýän
gapaklar, bu kāýa hasaplaýar, bu kiyýa munuň ýaly bolar we beýle şertden
azat bolmaz “-diýdi.
ediliň, ediliň ýas jülgäni görýän ýaly, garyndaşlary ýaly tikenler
bilen kowalap, tiken ýere gaçdy, tikenler bilen iýilýän zatlaryň hemmesi
itler tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler
tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler tarapyndan
iýilýän möjekler tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler
tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler tarapyndan iýilýän möjekler bilen iýilýär,
iýilýär Dürli jandarlar tarapyndan iýilýän sütärler tarapyndan iýilýän
gapaklar, bu kāýa hasaplaýar, bu kiyýa munuň ýaly bolar we beýle şertden
azat bolmaz “-diýdi.
Şeýdip,
ol içersoňy Kāynaat berijä ýa-da biri, Kāýa çenli gamçik synlaýar ýa-da
Kāay göni kāýa inçaýan kāya kāyna bezegde saklaýan we daşarky kāiýa
gam-alýanyndan haswat alyp, lukmanlaýan ýaşaýar; Ol “Shamomiýanyň
hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň” Samuaýa “ýa-da keýp turbasynyň geçişini
Kātamada geçýändigini synlaýar, Samudaýewiň mejlislerini we samuaa
synlaýarlar we
ol içersoňy Kāynaat berijä ýa-da biri, Kāýa çenli gamçik synlaýar ýa-da
Kāay göni kāýa inçaýan kāya kāyna bezegde saklaýan we daşarky kāiýa
gam-alýanyndan haswat alyp, lukmanlaýan ýaşaýar; Ol “Shamomiýanyň
hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň” Samuaýa “ýa-da keýp turbasynyň geçişini
Kātamada geçýändigini synlaýar, Samudaýewiň mejlislerini we samuaa
synlaýarlar we
Kāaýa-da
hadysalary öçürmek; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa,
diňe örän äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç
zada kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
hadysalary öçürmek; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa,
diňe örän äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç
zada kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
(3)
Mundan
başga-da, Bhilkh, ediliň bir tendon bilen kabul edilen, tenon bolşy
ýaly, bu kāýa seredýärka, bu kāýa seredýär: “Bu Kāýa şeýle ACTOY
Tebigat, bu muňa meňzeýär we beýle şertden azat däl “.
başga-da, Bhilkh, ediliň bir tendon bilen kabul edilen, tenon bolşy
ýaly, bu kāýa seredýärka, bu kāýa seredýär: “Bu Kāýa şeýle ACTOY
Tebigat, bu muňa meňzeýär we beýle şertden azat däl “.
Şeýdip, ol Kāýa-da kāýa-da synlaýaryn, ýa-da
Kāya-da
Kāyy daşynda Kāya synlaýar ýa-da kāýa içerde kāýa içerde we daşynda
synlaýan kāya yzygiderli we daşyna syn edýärler; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
Kāyy daşynda Kāya synlaýar ýa-da kāýa içerde kāýa içerde we daşynda
synlaýan kāya yzygiderli we daşyna syn edýärler; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
(4)
Mundan başga-da,
,
Bhilkhus, edil etkeş ýaly, edil ýaly, gysylmaly, bu kāýa şeýle kāýa
şeýle seredýär, “Bu beýle bir zat ş.m. Tebigat, bu muňa meňzeýär we
beýle şertden azat däl “.
Bhilkhus, edil etkeş ýaly, edil ýaly, gysylmaly, bu kāýa şeýle kāýa
şeýle seredýär, “Bu beýle bir zat ş.m. Tebigat, bu muňa meňzeýär we
beýle şertden azat däl “.
Şeýdip,
ol içersoňy Kāynaat berijä ýa-da biri, Kāýa çenli gamçik synlaýar ýa-da
Kāay göni kāýa inçaýan kāya kāyna bezegde saklaýan we daşarky kāiýa
gam-alýanyndan haswat alyp, lukmanlaýan ýaşaýar; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
ol içersoňy Kāynaat berijä ýa-da biri, Kāýa çenli gamçik synlaýar ýa-da
Kāay göni kāýa inçaýan kāya kāyna bezegde saklaýan we daşarky kāiýa
gam-alýanyndan haswat alyp, lukmanlaýan ýaşaýar; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
(5)
Mundan
başga-da, Bhilkh, edil etsiz, edil tensonçok, bu kāýa bolmasa, bu kāýa
hasaplanýar we bu Kāýa şeýle Tebigat, bu muňa meňzeýär we beýle şertden
azat däl “.
başga-da, Bhilkh, edil etsiz, edil tensonçok, bu kāýa bolmasa, bu kāýa
hasaplanýar we bu Kāýa şeýle Tebigat, bu muňa meňzeýär we beýle şertden
azat däl “.
Şeýdip, ol Kāýa-da kāýa-da synlaýaryn, ýa-da
Kāya-da
Kāyy daşynda Kāya synlaýar ýa-da kāýa içerde kāýa içerde we daşynda
synlaýan kāya yzygiderli we daşyna syn edýärler; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
Kāyy daşynda Kāya synlaýar ýa-da kāýa içerde kāýa içerde we daşynda
synlaýan kāya yzygiderli we daşyna syn edýärler; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
(6)
Mundan
başga-da, Diňe Bhilkhul, ediliň çarbawyny taşlap, şol ýerde oturan
süňküň ýaly kesildi, bu ýerde el sign, bu ýerde topuk süňk, şol ýerde
şin süňk bar Bu ýerde bud süňk bar, bu ýerde arka süňk bar, Ibeer süňk,
bu ýüplük süňk, şol ýerde diş süňk, ýa-da kellesi bu gaty kāýa
hasaplaýar : “Bu Kýuýma hem şeýle tebigat, munuň ýaly bolar we beýle
şertden azat däl”.
başga-da, Diňe Bhilkhul, ediliň çarbawyny taşlap, şol ýerde oturan
süňküň ýaly kesildi, bu ýerde el sign, bu ýerde topuk süňk, şol ýerde
şin süňk bar Bu ýerde bud süňk bar, bu ýerde arka süňk bar, Ibeer süňk,
bu ýüplük süňk, şol ýerde diş süňk, ýa-da kellesi bu gaty kāýa
hasaplaýar : “Bu Kýuýma hem şeýle tebigat, munuň ýaly bolar we beýle
şertden azat däl”.
Şeýdip,
ol içersoňy Kāynaat berijä ýa-da biri, Kāýa çenli gamçik synlaýar ýa-da
Kāay göni kāýa inçaýan kāya kāyna bezegde saklaýan we daşarky kāiýa
gam-alýanyndan haswat alyp, lukmanlaýan ýaşaýar; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
ol içersoňy Kāynaat berijä ýa-da biri, Kāýa çenli gamçik synlaýar ýa-da
Kāay göni kāýa inçaýan kāya kāyna bezegde saklaýan we daşarky kāiýa
gam-alýanyndan haswat alyp, lukmanlaýan ýaşaýar; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
(7)
Mundan başga-da, Biçhus, edil öz ýaly ýaly bhikhu
Eriş
edilen jesedi gören süňkleri, gaty kiy-a eýelendi: “Bu kāa-da Kāýa
hasaplaýar:” Bu Kýub munuň beýle tebigy, şonuň ýaly bolar we beýle
görnüşden azat bolmaz ýagdaýy. “
edilen jesedi gören süňkleri, gaty kiy-a eýelendi: “Bu kāa-da Kāýa
hasaplaýar:” Bu Kýub munuň beýle tebigy, şonuň ýaly bolar we beýle
görnüşden azat bolmaz ýagdaýy. “
(
Mundan başga-da, Biçhus, edil öz ýaly ýaly bhikhu
Erişiň ölümi, kāybele muny gören süňküli bir ýyl bäri, bu kianyny-da saklap, bu kāýa hem bu öwrümiň we beýle erkin däl şerti. “
Şeýdip,
ol içersoňy Kāynaat berijä ýa-da biri, Kāýa çenli gamçik synlaýar ýa-da
Kāay göni kāýa inçaýan kāya kāyna bezegde saklaýan we daşarky kāiýa
gam-alýanyndan haswat alyp, lukmanlaýan ýaşaýar; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
ol içersoňy Kāynaat berijä ýa-da biri, Kāýa çenli gamçik synlaýar ýa-da
Kāay göni kāýa inçaýan kāya kāyna bezegde saklaýan we daşarky kāiýa
gam-alýanyndan haswat alyp, lukmanlaýan ýaşaýar; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
(9)
Mundan başga-da, Biçhus, edil öz ýaly ýaly bhikhu
Eriş
işleri görýän Zotens meýdançasyny gören sütüniň halky irden ýa-da Kāýa
hasaplanýar: “Bu kāýa şeýle Tebigat ýaly hasaplaýar we beýle şertden
azat däl . “
işleri görýän Zotens meýdançasyny gören sütüniň halky irden ýa-da Kāýa
hasaplanýar: “Bu kāýa şeýle Tebigat ýaly hasaplaýar we beýle şertden
azat däl . “
Şeýdip, ol
içersoňy Kāynaat berijä ýa-da biri, Kāýa çenli gamçik synlaýar ýa-da
Kāay göni kāýa inçaýan kāya kāyna bezegde saklaýan we daşarky kāiýa
gam-alýanyndan haswat alyp, lukmanlaýan ýaşaýar; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
içersoňy Kāynaat berijä ýa-da biri, Kāýa çenli gamçik synlaýar ýa-da
Kāay göni kāýa inçaýan kāya kāyna bezegde saklaýan we daşarky kāiýa
gam-alýanyndan haswat alyp, lukmanlaýan ýaşaýar; Ol Hewoda hadysalaryň
hadysalarynyň hadysasynyň hadysalarynyň bezegi we Henoadada geçirilen
hadysadan geçmegini we Kādanda syn edýän we Kāaudena synçylarynda
Gysypdyrlar; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu kāýa!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän
äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada
kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhusy, Kāýa şäherinde k interýa
synlaýan kāya miwesini synlaýarlar.
Ii. Wedian-a syn
Mundan başga-da, Bhykhus, Birkukhu nähili, Wadaā Wdiandyň Wadaā synçylary?
Bu ýerde Bikhýus, Bhekykhu, Sukhabat Wadanan: “Men Sukha Wadianā” edýärin: “Men Sukha Wadianā” bilerin “. Dukga Wedianā Wadianā:
“Duka
Wedianā” başdan geçirýärin “; Adukkham-Asuh Wedaanā Wadanandiýada
başdan geçirýär: “Men adikham-asukh vadianā” başdan geçirýärin; SUKHA
WEDAGAN WEDAMERI WEDAM Sāmisa: “Men Sukha Wadianā Sāmisa başdan
geçirýärin”; Sukha Wedianāmisa, göz öňünde tutýar:
Wedianā” başdan geçirýärin “; Adukkham-Asuh Wedaanā Wadanandiýada
başdan geçirýär: “Men adikham-asukh vadianā” başdan geçirýärin; SUKHA
WEDAGAN WEDAMERI WEDAM Sāmisa: “Men Sukha Wadianā Sāmisa başdan
geçirýärin”; Sukha Wedianāmisa, göz öňünde tutýar:
“Sukha
Wedianā Nirāmisa başdan geçirýärin”; Dukka WeDAMā Sāmisa diýseň
çekilýär: “Dukkah Wadianā Sāmisa başdan geçirýärin; Dukka Wenera Wadaan
Wadaan Nirāmisa, düşündirişlere ters gelýär: “Dukkah Wedaman Nirāmisa
başdan geçirýärin; Adukkham-Asuhā Sāmisa: “Ado-samkham-ashukhā Sāmisa öz
üstlerini başdan geçirýärin; Adukkham-asukh wavandhā Nirāmisa
bolandygyny, “Adukkham-asuhā Wadianā Nirāmisa özünden başdan
geçirýärin”.
Wedianā Nirāmisa başdan geçirýärin”; Dukka WeDAMā Sāmisa diýseň
çekilýär: “Dukkah Wadianā Sāmisa başdan geçirýärin; Dukka Wenera Wadaan
Wadaan Nirāmisa, düşündirişlere ters gelýär: “Dukkah Wedaman Nirāmisa
başdan geçirýärin; Adukkham-Asuhā Sāmisa: “Ado-samkham-ashukhā Sāmisa öz
üstlerini başdan geçirýärin; Adukkham-asukh wavandhā Nirāmisa
bolandygyny, “Adukkham-asuhā Wadianā Nirāmisa özünden başdan
geçirýärin”.
Şeýdip, ol Wadawide yzygiderli gözegçilik edýär we
ýa-da wetanāreçini daşarda we ol ýerdäki WADANRI-i synlaýar
Wadaā Wadaā Wanandan başgaça we daşarky görnüşde syn geçirmek; ol ýaşaýardy
Wendiwide
hadysalaryň hadysalarynyň samuýasyny synlaýan ýa-da Wendia-a syn edip,
Samudaýa syn edip, Wdianda hadysalardan syn alan kwartirasyndan
eýerandir äki hüjüm edýär; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu Wevanā!” Sati
bolsa, diňe örän äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we
dünýäde hiç zada kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen ,kykhusy, Ankaýh, Wadaā
Wadaā dilinde miwelere geçýär.
hadysalaryň hadysalarynyň samuýasyny synlaýan ýa-da Wendia-a syn edip,
Samudaýa syn edip, Wdianda hadysalardan syn alan kwartirasyndan
eýerandir äki hüjüm edýär; ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu Wevanā!” Sati
bolsa, diňe örän äheňli ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we
dünýäde hiç zada kultypdyrlar. Şeýlelik bilen ,kykhusy, Ankaýh, Wadaā
Wadaā dilinde miwelere geçýär.
Iii. “Citta” -a syn
Mundan başga-da, Byzhus, umkhu sitta Salta-da sitta synçy edýär?
Biziň bärd, Bikhus, RIVA bilen “Citta” -ly “Citta” -yň “Citta” -ly
“Citta” -yň “Citta” -yň “Citta” -yň “Citta” -yň “Citta” -yň “Citta” -dan
POSE-iň “Citta” -y we Citta bilen düşünýär, ýa-da Doza bolmazdan
“Citta” -dan düşünýär “Citana” “Affa” ýa-da Moha “Citta” ýaly “Citta”
ýa-da “Citta” -dan “Citta” -dan “Citta” -dan “Citta” -dan “Citta” diýip
düşünýär ýa-da dargadylanlara düşünýän hasaplaýjysyna düşünýär
“Giňeldilen ITta” diýip, “giňeldilen sitta” ýaly giňeldilen sitta,
“Artykmaç sitta” ýaly giňeldilen sitta düşünýän ýa-da giňden ýaýran
sitta düşünýän ýa-da düşünmeýän sitta düşünýär ýa-da düşünýär “Citta
Appeca” ady bilen durnuksyz ITta, “Göçürilen Citta” ýaly
konsentratoriýa, ýa-da “azat edilen” Citta “ýaly konsentrirlenen saleta
düşünýän ýa-da erkin ýerleşdirilen sitta düşünýär ýa-da litritaly sitta
düşünýär ýa-da “Atieň däl” hökmünde aç-açan däl sitta düşünýär beed
citta “.
Şeýdip, ol
ýapta astana astrasndan daşarda sitata alyp barýan sitta synçysyny
içünmäge giňden ýaýrady ýa-da içip-dessanda sitata alyp barýar; Ol
Penomiýanyň hadysalarynyň sasyudaýamy synlaýar ýa-da Peomena henomadan
geçip barýan we Pusuda alyp, Peçine synlaýan we hadysadan synlaýar;
ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu sitta!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän äheňli
ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada kultypdyrlar.
Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhitt Sitta Salta synlaýanyny synlaýarlar.
ýapta astana astrasndan daşarda sitata alyp barýan sitta synçysyny
içünmäge giňden ýaýrady ýa-da içip-dessanda sitata alyp barýar; Ol
Penomiýanyň hadysalarynyň sasyudaýamy synlaýar ýa-da Peomena henomadan
geçip barýan we Pusuda alyp, Peçine synlaýan we hadysadan synlaýar;
ýa-da [durmuşa geçirmek:] “Bu sitta!” Sati bolsa, diňe örän äheňli
ñorsṇa we sepisati “baryna barabardyr, we dünýäde hiç zada kultypdyrlar.
Şeýlelik bilen, Bhekkhitt Sitta Salta synlaýanyny synlaýarlar.
阿毗达摩讲座 03 二谛，究竟法 （Two Kinds of Truth, Brief Introduction On: Citta, Cetasika, Rūpa, Nibbāna）
护法Dayaka
78 subscribers
主讲法师简介：戒喜法师 (1927－2005)
Venerable Sayādaw U Sīlānanda
戒喜法师曾担任仰光第六次佛典结集的首席编辑，协助马哈希尊者及明贡持三藏尊者结集巴利文佛经和注释书。
分段内容 Breakdown
00:00 二谛
two truths
03:42 以汽车房子为例
examples: car, house
07:07 世俗谛
sammutisacca, conventional truth
07:31 概念
paññatti, concept
07:45 名字概念
nāmaattha-paññatti, name concept
8:21 意义概念
attha-paññatti, thing concept
10:31 究竟法
paramattha, ultimate reality
11:47 以汽车为例
example: car
13:00 概念不具有时间性
paññatti is timeless
14:45 以善慧和燃灯佛为例
hermit sumedha and buddha dīpankara
16:17 究竟谛
paramatthasacca, ultimate truth
16:50 以心为例
example: consciousness
19:00 幻术海市蜃楼
magic shows and mirage
21:00 究竟法可以被体验
ultimate reality can be experienced
23:08 以五蕴为例
example: five aggregates
24:50 以受为例
example: feeling
25:33 究竟法的名相
terms of ultimate reality
26:19 佛陀根据不同情况宣讲二谛
buddha taught the two truths according to circumstances
29:11 四种究竟法
four kinds of ultimate truths
30:30 心法
consciousness
35:56 灭尽定暂时无心
mental activities are temporarily suspended during in attainment of cessation
37:28 心的同义词
synonyms of citta
40:53 心所
cetasikas
46:28 色法
rupa or matter
48:28 色法不具认知能力
rupa has no ability to cognize
49:29 色法的分类
types of material properties
50:21 涅槃
nibbāna
From vimalajoti 菩提字幕屋
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Mayawati
“A Modern-day Female Ashoka” who planted fruit bearing trees throughout
his empire may order her followers to grow vegetables and dwarf fruit
bearing plants in Pots to overcome hunger for their happiness and peace.
Mayawati
“A Modern-day Female Ashoka” who planted fruit bearing trees throughout
his empire may order her followers to grow vegetables and dwarf fruit
bearing plants in Pots to overcome hunger for their happiness and peace.
Monumental Pride: Mayawati’s Memorials in Lucknow
Abstract
Over
the past decade, dozens of large-scale architectural memorials
commemorating social reformers associated with India’s historically
oppressed “untouchable” (Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan
Samaj) caste have been built throughout Uttar Pradesh. The memorials
were commissioned by the state’s former chief minister, Mayawati,
herself an Awakened Aboriginal. This essay analyzes intersections of
politics, caste, gender, and visibility at two of her memorials in
Lucknow—the Ambedkar Memorial and the Prerna Kendra (a crematory
memorial). Specifically, the author argues that the forms and decoration
of the memorials highlight the absence of earlier Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj leaders and present Mayawati as their
legitimate political heir.
the past decade, dozens of large-scale architectural memorials
commemorating social reformers associated with India’s historically
oppressed “untouchable” (Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan
Samaj) caste have been built throughout Uttar Pradesh. The memorials
were commissioned by the state’s former chief minister, Mayawati,
herself an Awakened Aboriginal. This essay analyzes intersections of
politics, caste, gender, and visibility at two of her memorials in
Lucknow—the Ambedkar Memorial and the Prerna Kendra (a crematory
memorial). Specifically, the author argues that the forms and decoration
of the memorials highlight the absence of earlier Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj leaders and present Mayawati as their
legitimate political heir.
Especially
in commemorative architecture (monuments, memorials, historic markers,
museums), we learn whose histories are legitimate, which narratives are
superfluous (or symbolically omitted), or which images are embraced as
part of our official, national accounts of origins and destiny. We learn
who is allowed to speak for history, who is allowed to speak for “us,”
and whose voices will always be considered marginal to the main event.
in commemorative architecture (monuments, memorials, historic markers,
museums), we learn whose histories are legitimate, which narratives are
superfluous (or symbolically omitted), or which images are embraced as
part of our official, national accounts of origins and destiny. We learn
who is allowed to speak for history, who is allowed to speak for “us,”
and whose voices will always be considered marginal to the main event.
—Margaret E. Farrar
The
past few years have witnessed radical additions to the built
environment of Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India’s largest and most populous
state. Dozens of large-scale architectural memorials—enshrining
narrative bronze friezes and monumental bronze and marble statues of
social reformers associated with the historically oppressed Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj (formerly “untouchable”)
caste—have been built in the state capital of Lucknow and in Noida,
outside Delhi. These cities are now also punctuated by statues that
stand sentinel at crowded intersections, outside government office
buildings, and by the side of interstate highways, with smaller cement
statues throughout the state’s rural areas. The memorial buildings and
statues were commissioned by Mayawati (born 1956), herself a dalit,
during her four terms as the U.P. chief minister between 1995 and
2012.[2] Mayawati’s memorials are the most conspicuous expression of
establishing dalit visibility in her state. Others include renaming
districts and prominent buildings to honor dalit heroes. The sheer
number of the memorials, coupled with their monumental scale, arguably
make Mayawati the single most prolific architectural patron in India
since the British Raj commissioned New Delhi in 1911.
past few years have witnessed radical additions to the built
environment of Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India’s largest and most populous
state. Dozens of large-scale architectural memorials—enshrining
narrative bronze friezes and monumental bronze and marble statues of
social reformers associated with the historically oppressed Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj (formerly “untouchable”)
caste—have been built in the state capital of Lucknow and in Noida,
outside Delhi. These cities are now also punctuated by statues that
stand sentinel at crowded intersections, outside government office
buildings, and by the side of interstate highways, with smaller cement
statues throughout the state’s rural areas. The memorial buildings and
statues were commissioned by Mayawati (born 1956), herself a dalit,
during her four terms as the U.P. chief minister between 1995 and
2012.[2] Mayawati’s memorials are the most conspicuous expression of
establishing dalit visibility in her state. Others include renaming
districts and prominent buildings to honor dalit heroes. The sheer
number of the memorials, coupled with their monumental scale, arguably
make Mayawati the single most prolific architectural patron in India
since the British Raj commissioned New Delhi in 1911.
The
cast of characters in Mayawati’s sculptural programs includes notable
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs and those who
championed the rights of Prabuddha Bharat’s subalterns. Dr. Bhimrao
Ambedkar (1891–1956), the dalit founder of the modern anti-caste
movement and writer of the Indian constitution, is the best-known public
figure in the statue cycles (fig. 1). Others include Jyotirao Phule
(1827–1890), a campaigner for the education of women and low castes, and
the Buddha, who preached against casteism and whose teachings many
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs have consequently
adopted. Statues of Mayawati and Kanshi Ram (1934–2006), her mentor and
predecessor in the Bajujan Samaj Party (BSP), are given pride of place
in the memorials and often are duplicated several times at each site.
With the monuments’ scale, their recognizable architectural forms and
decoration, and the ubiquity of the Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samaj statues, Mayawati’s commissions have made an indelible
mark on Uttar Pradesh’s urban fabric.
cast of characters in Mayawati’s sculptural programs includes notable
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs and those who
championed the rights of Prabuddha Bharat’s subalterns. Dr. Bhimrao
Ambedkar (1891–1956), the dalit founder of the modern anti-caste
movement and writer of the Indian constitution, is the best-known public
figure in the statue cycles (fig. 1). Others include Jyotirao Phule
(1827–1890), a campaigner for the education of women and low castes, and
the Buddha, who preached against casteism and whose teachings many
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs have consequently
adopted. Statues of Mayawati and Kanshi Ram (1934–2006), her mentor and
predecessor in the Bajujan Samaj Party (BSP), are given pride of place
in the memorials and often are duplicated several times at each site.
With the monuments’ scale, their recognizable architectural forms and
decoration, and the ubiquity of the Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samaj statues, Mayawati’s commissions have made an indelible
mark on Uttar Pradesh’s urban fabric.
quod.lib.umich.edu
Monumental Pride: Mayawati’s Memorials in Lucknow
The
memorials aim to empower Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan
Samajs through twin strategies, which Manuela Ciotti refers to as
“presence in space,” and “presence in time,” both of which have been
denied to the Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj
community for centuries. While the former offers visibility, the latter
presents an illustrious Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan
Samaj history, in which its members may take pride and aspire to a
better future. When criticized for such flagrant expenditures, Mayawati
consistently asserts that the memorials fulfill a vital social role and
give hope and pride to her community. As one Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj member of Mayawati’s cabinet remarked,
“The statues have givenAwakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan
Samajs a place in the history of this country, nobody can change that.”
memorials aim to empower Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan
Samajs through twin strategies, which Manuela Ciotti refers to as
“presence in space,” and “presence in time,” both of which have been
denied to the Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj
community for centuries. While the former offers visibility, the latter
presents an illustrious Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan
Samaj history, in which its members may take pride and aspire to a
better future. When criticized for such flagrant expenditures, Mayawati
consistently asserts that the memorials fulfill a vital social role and
give hope and pride to her community. As one Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj member of Mayawati’s cabinet remarked,
“The statues have givenAwakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan
Samajs a place in the history of this country, nobody can change that.”
Drawing
from Foucault’s work on the relationship between space and power,
Margaret E. Farrar remarks that those in power construct and reiterate
social, political, and economic power structures in the built
environment. The situation is circular: power shapes space and vice
versa. Space legitimizes and ennobles some groups and excludes,
denigrates, and silences others. Commemorative architecture is supremely
exclusive and visually amplifies messages of communal belonging or
segregation. For centuries in Prabuddha Bharat, Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs have been denied a presence in space and
time, both literally and symbolically. This spatial and historical
exclusion then perpetuates Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan
Samaj social marginalization, inside and outside the community. It is
therefore not surprising that the territorial claiming of physical space
and marking it with Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj
historical figures—thereby visually demanding that they are
recognized—is an integral component of Mayawati’s radical brand of
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj assertion.
from Foucault’s work on the relationship between space and power,
Margaret E. Farrar remarks that those in power construct and reiterate
social, political, and economic power structures in the built
environment. The situation is circular: power shapes space and vice
versa. Space legitimizes and ennobles some groups and excludes,
denigrates, and silences others. Commemorative architecture is supremely
exclusive and visually amplifies messages of communal belonging or
segregation. For centuries in Prabuddha Bharat, Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs have been denied a presence in space and
time, both literally and symbolically. This spatial and historical
exclusion then perpetuates Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan
Samaj social marginalization, inside and outside the community. It is
therefore not surprising that the territorial claiming of physical space
and marking it with Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj
historical figures—thereby visually demanding that they are
recognized—is an integral component of Mayawati’s radical brand of
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj assertion.
The
sprawling Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Samajik Parivartan Prateek Sthal
(hereafter referred to by its popular name, the Ambedkar Memorial) with
its monumental Ambedkar stupā (figs. 1, 2) and the Bahujan Samaj Prerna
Kendra (hereafter, Prerna Kendra; fig. 3), both in Lucknow, are
Mayawati’s most politically meaningful architectural commissions. The
Prerna Kendra is unique in that it is a funerary memorial that enshrines
Kanshi Ram’s cremated ashes. In commissioning her predecessor’s
memorial, Mayawati was participating in a well-established Indic
performance of legitimating political authority. As with her other
architectural commissions, the Ambedkar Memorial and Prerna Kendra’s
formal and decorative programs, statues, and frieze cycles, as well as
the commemorative rituals held at the sites, work in concert to unite
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs in a singular
“imagined community” and establish Mayawati as their rightful
charismatic leader. Images and text present Mayawati as the political
heir to the most celebrated figures in Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/
of Sarvajan Samaj history, designating Ambedkar, Kanshi Ram, and
Mayawati as charismatic leaders by referring to models of Indic kingship
and linking Mawayawati to more recent examples of gendered authority. I
employ the term “charismatic leader” in accordance with Max Weber’s
definition:
sprawling Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Samajik Parivartan Prateek Sthal
(hereafter referred to by its popular name, the Ambedkar Memorial) with
its monumental Ambedkar stupā (figs. 1, 2) and the Bahujan Samaj Prerna
Kendra (hereafter, Prerna Kendra; fig. 3), both in Lucknow, are
Mayawati’s most politically meaningful architectural commissions. The
Prerna Kendra is unique in that it is a funerary memorial that enshrines
Kanshi Ram’s cremated ashes. In commissioning her predecessor’s
memorial, Mayawati was participating in a well-established Indic
performance of legitimating political authority. As with her other
architectural commissions, the Ambedkar Memorial and Prerna Kendra’s
formal and decorative programs, statues, and frieze cycles, as well as
the commemorative rituals held at the sites, work in concert to unite
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs in a singular
“imagined community” and establish Mayawati as their rightful
charismatic leader. Images and text present Mayawati as the political
heir to the most celebrated figures in Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/
of Sarvajan Samaj history, designating Ambedkar, Kanshi Ram, and
Mayawati as charismatic leaders by referring to models of Indic kingship
and linking Mawayawati to more recent examples of gendered authority. I
employ the term “charismatic leader” in accordance with Max Weber’s
definition:
…
a certain quality of an individual personality by virtue of which he is
set apart from ordinary men and treated as endowed with supernatural,
superhuman, or at least specifically exceptional powers or qualities.
These are such as are not accessible to the ordinary person, but are
regarded as of divine origin or as exemplary, and on the basis of them,
the individual is treaded as a leader….What is alone important is how
the individual is actually regarded by those subject to the charismatic
authority, by his “followers” or “disciples.”
a certain quality of an individual personality by virtue of which he is
set apart from ordinary men and treated as endowed with supernatural,
superhuman, or at least specifically exceptional powers or qualities.
These are such as are not accessible to the ordinary person, but are
regarded as of divine origin or as exemplary, and on the basis of them,
the individual is treaded as a leader….What is alone important is how
the individual is actually regarded by those subject to the charismatic
authority, by his “followers” or “disciples.”
3. Bahujan Samaj Prerna Kendra (Prerna Kendra), Lucknow
Significantly,
Weber suggests that what matters most is that followers believe a
leader possesses exceptional characteristics—not that he or she actually
possesses them. Like many leaders who seek to convince their followers
of their extraordinariness, Mayawati announces her unique and
exceptional powers through monumental public art with straightforward
messages and meaningful, archaized styles.
Weber suggests that what matters most is that followers believe a
leader possesses exceptional characteristics—not that he or she actually
possesses them. Like many leaders who seek to convince their followers
of their extraordinariness, Mayawati announces her unique and
exceptional powers through monumental public art with straightforward
messages and meaningful, archaized styles.
Also
pertinent for understanding the artworks in the Ambedkar Memorial and
the Prerna Kendra are Weber’s notions about how charisma may be
transmitted (“the routinization of charisma”) from one leader to
another. These include designation by the previous charismatic leader
and being descended from him. Mayawati explicitly references the former
and implicitly suggests the latter in the statues and friezes in her
buildings. Weber also cites support—followers’ lavish donations and
gifts—as a marker of an individual’s charismatic authority, which has
parallels in institutions of traditional Indic kingship. Mayawati has
been the recipient of extravagant gifts from her constituents, a fact
that is highlighted in her commissions.
pertinent for understanding the artworks in the Ambedkar Memorial and
the Prerna Kendra are Weber’s notions about how charisma may be
transmitted (“the routinization of charisma”) from one leader to
another. These include designation by the previous charismatic leader
and being descended from him. Mayawati explicitly references the former
and implicitly suggests the latter in the statues and friezes in her
buildings. Weber also cites support—followers’ lavish donations and
gifts—as a marker of an individual’s charismatic authority, which has
parallels in institutions of traditional Indic kingship. Mayawati has
been the recipient of extravagant gifts from her constituents, a fact
that is highlighted in her commissions.
It
is not surprising that Mayawati has invested so heavily in a
politically charged visual culture and performances of her own charisma.
When she first ran for office, she was an unlikely candidate as chief
minister. While she was not the first
is not surprising that Mayawati has invested so heavily in a
politically charged visual culture and performances of her own charisma.
When she first ran for office, she was an unlikely candidate as chief
minister. While she was not the first
Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj chief minister in Prabuddha
Bharat, she was the first woman from her community to hold the office as
well as the youngest in the state. Coupled with her extravagant public
displays of wealth and acceptance of gifts from her community,
Mayawati’s prolific memorial building activity has consistently garnered
her both national criticism and praise. The Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj community itself is divided in its
support of her building programs. Many Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/
of Sarvajan Samajs to whom I spoke at her sites unanimously and
enthusiastically supported her and echoed her rhetoric of the necessity
of her community building program. Both factions have received ample
media exposure.
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj chief minister in Prabuddha
Bharat, she was the first woman from her community to hold the office as
well as the youngest in the state. Coupled with her extravagant public
displays of wealth and acceptance of gifts from her community,
Mayawati’s prolific memorial building activity has consistently garnered
her both national criticism and praise. The Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj community itself is divided in its
support of her building programs. Many Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/
of Sarvajan Samajs to whom I spoke at her sites unanimously and
enthusiastically supported her and echoed her rhetoric of the necessity
of her community building program. Both factions have received ample
media exposure.
The
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajmovement and
Mayawati’s political career have been the subject of several recent
studies. Nicholas Jaoul and Gary Michael Tartakov examine emerging
trends in Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj visual
culture, particularly the increasing prevalence of Ambedkar statues in
rural Uttar Pradesh. They did not consider Mayawati’s monumental urban
statues, presumably because this now statewide phenomenon was only in
its nascent stages during the time of their fieldwork. Focusing her
analyses on its architectural form and location, Maxine Loynd cogently
argues that the Prerna Kendra was created as an intimate, exclusive
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj communal space, quite
different from the Ambedkar Memorial. However, Loynd’s study does not
consider the building’s mortuary roles and is silent on the subject of
its decorative program, whose thematic content highlights Mayawati’s
political lineage and charisma. Thus, a critical study of these two
buildings, their statues, and friezes within her wider political agenda
has yet to be undertaken. Before turning to the memorials themselves, it
is pertinent to first briefly consider Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj history and key figures esteemed by the
community with whom Mayawati visually associates through her
commissions.
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajmovement and
Mayawati’s political career have been the subject of several recent
studies. Nicholas Jaoul and Gary Michael Tartakov examine emerging
trends in Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj visual
culture, particularly the increasing prevalence of Ambedkar statues in
rural Uttar Pradesh. They did not consider Mayawati’s monumental urban
statues, presumably because this now statewide phenomenon was only in
its nascent stages during the time of their fieldwork. Focusing her
analyses on its architectural form and location, Maxine Loynd cogently
argues that the Prerna Kendra was created as an intimate, exclusive
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj communal space, quite
different from the Ambedkar Memorial. However, Loynd’s study does not
consider the building’s mortuary roles and is silent on the subject of
its decorative program, whose thematic content highlights Mayawati’s
political lineage and charisma. Thus, a critical study of these two
buildings, their statues, and friezes within her wider political agenda
has yet to be undertaken. Before turning to the memorials themselves, it
is pertinent to first briefly consider Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj history and key figures esteemed by the
community with whom Mayawati visually associates through her
commissions.
(Re)Claiming Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj History and Asserting Communal Presence
Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj—derived from the Sanskrit and
Marathi word meaning “ground down, crushed, destroyed”—is an inclusive
term that members of India’s various lowest castes have used to refer to
themselves since the early twentieth century. Rebuking the Gandhian
term harījān (people of God) as patronizing, Ambedkar defiantly adopted
and popularized Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj. Historically dalits’
hereditary occupations, which in Hinduism are associated with caste,
have been characterized by literal and ritual pollution. For
generations, members of various dalit groups were in contact with
corpses (removing dead humans and animals, working with leather, and
butchering); served as sweepers; and performed other menial jobs.[16]
This pollution is popularly regarded as contagious, leading to forced
dalit segregation in their areas of habitation (predominantly in slums),
at religious sites, and at water sources. Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs had no recourse or means to better
themselves; until the mid-twentieth century, education was largely
denied to them. Numerous social schemes have been implemented since
Indian independence in 1947 to rectify this, such as reservations for
dalits in schools, universities, government jobs, and political offices.
Perhaps the greatest single public triumph for the community was the
1997 democratic election of Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samaj K. R. Narayanan as president of Prabuddha Bharat.
However, while such concessions and appointments have markedly improved
the Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs’ opportunities
for upward social and financial mobility, they remain among the poorest
and most socially marginalized people in the nation.
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj—derived from the Sanskrit and
Marathi word meaning “ground down, crushed, destroyed”—is an inclusive
term that members of India’s various lowest castes have used to refer to
themselves since the early twentieth century. Rebuking the Gandhian
term harījān (people of God) as patronizing, Ambedkar defiantly adopted
and popularized Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj. Historically dalits’
hereditary occupations, which in Hinduism are associated with caste,
have been characterized by literal and ritual pollution. For
generations, members of various dalit groups were in contact with
corpses (removing dead humans and animals, working with leather, and
butchering); served as sweepers; and performed other menial jobs.[16]
This pollution is popularly regarded as contagious, leading to forced
dalit segregation in their areas of habitation (predominantly in slums),
at religious sites, and at water sources. Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs had no recourse or means to better
themselves; until the mid-twentieth century, education was largely
denied to them. Numerous social schemes have been implemented since
Indian independence in 1947 to rectify this, such as reservations for
dalits in schools, universities, government jobs, and political offices.
Perhaps the greatest single public triumph for the community was the
1997 democratic election of Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samaj K. R. Narayanan as president of Prabuddha Bharat.
However, while such concessions and appointments have markedly improved
the Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs’ opportunities
for upward social and financial mobility, they remain among the poorest
and most socially marginalized people in the nation.
Sources
differ on the roots of this discrimination and precisely how long it
has been in effect. Brahmanical texts dating to the first millennium BCE
outline the various Hindu castes and note the existence of those
outside of the order, who are thus “untouchable.” However, since
Ambedkar’s campaigns dating from the 1930s to 1950s, communal pride and
assertiveness has grown steadily. A key factor has been the creation of
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj “presence in time”
and the construction of an alternative Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/
of Sarvajan Samaj history, which presents the community as the former
possessors of wealth, positions of power, and education—the very
qualities popular history denies them. According to these new
trajectories, in the ancient past, kṣhatryǎs (rulers and warriors of
the Hindu caste system) and Brahmans (members of the priestly caste)
divested Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs of their
lofty positions by treachery and relegated them to the lowest social
positions. Whether or not these ancient histories are true is not the
point. Explanation, pride, and hope are. These alternative histories
offer the community a reason for their present subaltern status, a group
of role models, and by extension, a hope that they may achieve
equality, if not regain their former status.
differ on the roots of this discrimination and precisely how long it
has been in effect. Brahmanical texts dating to the first millennium BCE
outline the various Hindu castes and note the existence of those
outside of the order, who are thus “untouchable.” However, since
Ambedkar’s campaigns dating from the 1930s to 1950s, communal pride and
assertiveness has grown steadily. A key factor has been the creation of
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj “presence in time”
and the construction of an alternative Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/
of Sarvajan Samaj history, which presents the community as the former
possessors of wealth, positions of power, and education—the very
qualities popular history denies them. According to these new
trajectories, in the ancient past, kṣhatryǎs (rulers and warriors of
the Hindu caste system) and Brahmans (members of the priestly caste)
divested Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs of their
lofty positions by treachery and relegated them to the lowest social
positions. Whether or not these ancient histories are true is not the
point. Explanation, pride, and hope are. These alternative histories
offer the community a reason for their present subaltern status, a group
of role models, and by extension, a hope that they may achieve
equality, if not regain their former status.
The
BSP has made concerted efforts to increase Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj awareness of key historical community
members of whom they can be proud. Figures from the ancient past include
sages such as Valmiki, the author of the Ramayana. More recent notable
figures include female Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj martial heroes (viranganī)
martyred during the 1857 rebellion against the British. The most
celebrated contemporary Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan
Samaj heroes are Ambedkar, Kanshi Ram, and Mayawati. In fact, Mayawati
worked closely with Kanshi Ram to fashion her charismatic public image
and promote her qualifications to lead the community by visually
associating her with both Ambedkar and Kanshi Ram.
BSP has made concerted efforts to increase Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj awareness of key historical community
members of whom they can be proud. Figures from the ancient past include
sages such as Valmiki, the author of the Ramayana. More recent notable
figures include female Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj martial heroes (viranganī)
martyred during the 1857 rebellion against the British. The most
celebrated contemporary Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan
Samaj heroes are Ambedkar, Kanshi Ram, and Mayawati. In fact, Mayawati
worked closely with Kanshi Ram to fashion her charismatic public image
and promote her qualifications to lead the community by visually
associating her with both Ambedkar and Kanshi Ram.
Mayawati’s
memorial commissions are key strategies in the visual articulation of
her political lineage from these two male Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj leaders and her claims to charismatic
authority. Her buildings and statues are metaphorical lighthouses and
visual rallying points, from which the BSP is able to mobilize the
community to vote for their candidates, who then will demand more rights
and better opportunities on the Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs’ behalf. These messages are
amplified through a scale that is larger than life; through construction
from costly, durable materials that are historically associated with
royalty and political authority; and finally, through historically
meaningful styles.
memorial commissions are key strategies in the visual articulation of
her political lineage from these two male Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj leaders and her claims to charismatic
authority. Her buildings and statues are metaphorical lighthouses and
visual rallying points, from which the BSP is able to mobilize the
community to vote for their candidates, who then will demand more rights
and better opportunities on the Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs’ behalf. These messages are
amplified through a scale that is larger than life; through construction
from costly, durable materials that are historically associated with
royalty and political authority; and finally, through historically
meaningful styles.
The
tradition of public memorialization through sculptures and public
buildings in Prabuddha Bharat began with the British, who installed bronze and
marble images of the imperial family and high-ranking Raj civil servants
and commissioned buildings such as museums and railway stations in
their honor. After independence, colonial statues were largely removed
and replaced by ones depicting nationalist heroes, particularly freedom
fighters such as Gandhi, the Raṇī of Jhansi, and Bhagat Singh. Public
buildings were also renamed, but in honor of figures who were almost
exclusively from the higher castes, thereby effectively excluding
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs from Indian
postcolonial history and public memorial space. In the early 1960s,
Ambedkar joined his upper-caste nationalist cohorts when two public
bronze statues of him were erected, one in Mumbai, the other in front of
the National Parliament in New Delhi.
tradition of public memorialization through sculptures and public
buildings in Prabuddha Bharat began with the British, who installed bronze and
marble images of the imperial family and high-ranking Raj civil servants
and commissioned buildings such as museums and railway stations in
their honor. After independence, colonial statues were largely removed
and replaced by ones depicting nationalist heroes, particularly freedom
fighters such as Gandhi, the Raṇī of Jhansi, and Bhagat Singh. Public
buildings were also renamed, but in honor of figures who were almost
exclusively from the higher castes, thereby effectively excluding
Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs from Indian
postcolonial history and public memorial space. In the early 1960s,
Ambedkar joined his upper-caste nationalist cohorts when two public
bronze statues of him were erected, one in Mumbai, the other in front of
the National Parliament in New Delhi.
These
two statues established an Ambedkar iconography: dressed in a suit,
tie, and glasses, and holding one hand up with the index finger
punctuating the air. The Mumbai statue added the Indian constitution,
tucked under Ambedkar’s lowered arm, inscribed with “Bharat” (Prabuddha
Bharat) to ensure its meaning (see fig. 1). Both Mayawati’s statues and
the smaller-scale cement statues Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samajs install in their villages and slums are based on these
models.
two statues established an Ambedkar iconography: dressed in a suit,
tie, and glasses, and holding one hand up with the index finger
punctuating the air. The Mumbai statue added the Indian constitution,
tucked under Ambedkar’s lowered arm, inscribed with “Bharat” (Prabuddha
Bharat) to ensure its meaning (see fig. 1). Both Mayawati’s statues and
the smaller-scale cement statues Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samajs install in their villages and slums are based on these
models.
Since Mayawati first came to office in the mid-1990s, public Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj statues, particularly those
of Ambedkar, have increased exponentially. Today in Lucknow, Ambedkar
has a more conspicuous public presence than Gandhi does. At the main
intersection of Hajarat Ganj, a fashionable historic shopping district,
an older statue of Gandhi has been joined by a larger and newer Ambedkar
companion statue across the street. Such visual one-upping was surely
not unintentional. In fact, this is a trope in Mayawati’s commissions,
expressed through scale and text. Gandhi and Ambedkar clashed on several
occasions over the issue of caste; while opposing inequality, Gandhi
maintained that there were social and cultural benefits to the system.
Ambedkar campaigned for its abolition. While Gandhi is popularly honored
as the father of the nation, Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samaj activists such as Ambedkar, Kanshi Ram, and particularly
Mayawati have publically denounced him on the basis that he did nothing
to improve their situation. In memorializing notable figures from her
own community through buildings and statues, and renaming districts
after them, Mayawati was subscribing to and amplifying performances of
autonomy established by the independent nation.
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj statues, particularly those
of Ambedkar, have increased exponentially. Today in Lucknow, Ambedkar
has a more conspicuous public presence than Gandhi does. At the main
intersection of Hajarat Ganj, a fashionable historic shopping district,
an older statue of Gandhi has been joined by a larger and newer Ambedkar
companion statue across the street. Such visual one-upping was surely
not unintentional. In fact, this is a trope in Mayawati’s commissions,
expressed through scale and text. Gandhi and Ambedkar clashed on several
occasions over the issue of caste; while opposing inequality, Gandhi
maintained that there were social and cultural benefits to the system.
Ambedkar campaigned for its abolition. While Gandhi is popularly honored
as the father of the nation, Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samaj activists such as Ambedkar, Kanshi Ram, and particularly
Mayawati have publically denounced him on the basis that he did nothing
to improve their situation. In memorializing notable figures from her
own community through buildings and statues, and renaming districts
after them, Mayawati was subscribing to and amplifying performances of
autonomy established by the independent nation.
Iconographies of Androgyny
… it is remarkable that woman is never imagined as an active, sexual being within this discourse on nationalism.
Mayawati’s
commissions established iconographies for Kanshi Ram’s and her own
images as well (fig. 4). Kanshi Ram is dressed in a casual suit, and
Mayawati has cropped hair; a plain, loose-fitting shalwaar kameez;
chunky sandals; a prominent wristwatch; and a handbag at her side. Her
simple, unadorned appearance depicts her as unfussy and androgynous. The
message conveyed is that she is fully capable of negotiating the
male-dominated political arena. Her distinctly unfeminine appearance
also highlights her unmarried status, and by extension, her complete
dedication to the betterment of her community, which she confirms when
questioned about her marital status.
commissions established iconographies for Kanshi Ram’s and her own
images as well (fig. 4). Kanshi Ram is dressed in a casual suit, and
Mayawati has cropped hair; a plain, loose-fitting shalwaar kameez;
chunky sandals; a prominent wristwatch; and a handbag at her side. Her
simple, unadorned appearance depicts her as unfussy and androgynous. The
message conveyed is that she is fully capable of negotiating the
male-dominated political arena. Her distinctly unfeminine appearance
also highlights her unmarried status, and by extension, her complete
dedication to the betterment of her community, which she confirms when
questioned about her marital status.
4.
Mayawati and Kanshi Ram flank a frieze that depicts them inaugurating
the Ambedkar statue. Bronze sculptures, Ambedkar stupā, Ambedkar
Memorial
Mayawati and Kanshi Ram flank a frieze that depicts them inaugurating
the Ambedkar statue. Bronze sculptures, Ambedkar stupā, Ambedkar
Memorial
Neither
Mayawati’s public identity nor her self-promotion of it through
monumental images is unique within the visual culture of Indian
politics, and there were well-established models available to her all
over India. Among these, as Sikata Banerjee documents, are women in the
Hindutva movement who, like Mayawati, present themselves as celibate,
masculine, and martial to participate in the masculine world of Hindu
nationalism. The most common trope of female politician in India is the
asexual widow, such as Vijayraje Scindia. Like Mayawati, Hindu
nationalist women and Hindu widows who have entered politics wear plain
clothing and minimal jewelry and makeup. Perhaps Mayawati’s androgynous
dress and physique as well as her statues bear the closest resemblance
to those of Jayalalitha Jayaram, the former actress and chief minister
of Tamil Nadu, who entered politics and began promoting herself through
public art a few years before Mayawati. In many regards, the two
politicians have similar careers. Both have backgrounds that do not
recommend them for Indian politics (Mayawati as a Awakened Aboriginal
and Jayalalitha as a former film heroine, a profession widely regarded
as immoral for women in Prabuddha Bharat). Both claim to have remained
unmarried so that they can dedicate themselves to their political
parties. As will be discussed further, two prominent tropes in
Jayalalitha’s and Mayawati’s artistic commissions are their descent from
their male political mentors and their conspicuous political promotion,
which announce their charismatic authority.
Mayawati’s public identity nor her self-promotion of it through
monumental images is unique within the visual culture of Indian
politics, and there were well-established models available to her all
over India. Among these, as Sikata Banerjee documents, are women in the
Hindutva movement who, like Mayawati, present themselves as celibate,
masculine, and martial to participate in the masculine world of Hindu
nationalism. The most common trope of female politician in India is the
asexual widow, such as Vijayraje Scindia. Like Mayawati, Hindu
nationalist women and Hindu widows who have entered politics wear plain
clothing and minimal jewelry and makeup. Perhaps Mayawati’s androgynous
dress and physique as well as her statues bear the closest resemblance
to those of Jayalalitha Jayaram, the former actress and chief minister
of Tamil Nadu, who entered politics and began promoting herself through
public art a few years before Mayawati. In many regards, the two
politicians have similar careers. Both have backgrounds that do not
recommend them for Indian politics (Mayawati as a Awakened Aboriginal
and Jayalalitha as a former film heroine, a profession widely regarded
as immoral for women in Prabuddha Bharat). Both claim to have remained
unmarried so that they can dedicate themselves to their political
parties. As will be discussed further, two prominent tropes in
Jayalalitha’s and Mayawati’s artistic commissions are their descent from
their male political mentors and their conspicuous political promotion,
which announce their charismatic authority.
Tamil
Nadu has a well-established history of male actors who enter into
political careers. As Preminda Jacob states in her work on the art of
cinema and political advertisements in the state, one of the typical
means by which actors-turned-politicians promote themselves is through
monumental banners and cutouts (outlines of figures) that are
stylistically based on film advertisements. Since the 1980s, Jayalalitha
has commissioned more banners and cutouts, which are larger and display
more overt political symbolism, than any other politician in the state.
Her public image and political advertisements certainly have served her
well; Jayalalitha has achieved incredible success, attaining landslide
victories in state elections on three occasions. She and her
advertisements are well publicized in the Indian media, and Mayawati
surely is familiar with them.
Nadu has a well-established history of male actors who enter into
political careers. As Preminda Jacob states in her work on the art of
cinema and political advertisements in the state, one of the typical
means by which actors-turned-politicians promote themselves is through
monumental banners and cutouts (outlines of figures) that are
stylistically based on film advertisements. Since the 1980s, Jayalalitha
has commissioned more banners and cutouts, which are larger and display
more overt political symbolism, than any other politician in the state.
Her public image and political advertisements certainly have served her
well; Jayalalitha has achieved incredible success, attaining landslide
victories in state elections on three occasions. She and her
advertisements are well publicized in the Indian media, and Mayawati
surely is familiar with them.
Another
significant factor to the deconstruction of Mayawati’s public image is
that in the 1990s Jayalalitha’s promotional images shifted dramatically
in their depictions, changing from her wholesome and feminine film roles
to a distinctly androgynous appearance. She now appears in the banners
and cutouts with her hair in a tight bun and her fleshy physique
concealed in a conservatively draped sari and cape. To shift public
focus from her film career, in which her success hinged on her
sexuality, to her charismatic authority, Jayalalitha desexed herself. In
so doing, she likely provided a model for Mayawati. However, as is
typical of Mayawati’s commissions, they surpass their models. The Tamil
banners and cutouts are two-dimensional and ephemeral. They are
constructed of plywood, supported by bamboo scaffolding, and displayed
only for a few weeks. In contrast, Mayawati commissions buildings and
statues of durable, luxury materials to convey her wealth and ensure
both their permanence and their patron’s public memory.
significant factor to the deconstruction of Mayawati’s public image is
that in the 1990s Jayalalitha’s promotional images shifted dramatically
in their depictions, changing from her wholesome and feminine film roles
to a distinctly androgynous appearance. She now appears in the banners
and cutouts with her hair in a tight bun and her fleshy physique
concealed in a conservatively draped sari and cape. To shift public
focus from her film career, in which her success hinged on her
sexuality, to her charismatic authority, Jayalalitha desexed herself. In
so doing, she likely provided a model for Mayawati. However, as is
typical of Mayawati’s commissions, they surpass their models. The Tamil
banners and cutouts are two-dimensional and ephemeral. They are
constructed of plywood, supported by bamboo scaffolding, and displayed
only for a few weeks. In contrast, Mayawati commissions buildings and
statues of durable, luxury materials to convey her wealth and ensure
both their permanence and their patron’s public memory.
While
Jayalalitha’s androgyny may be attributed to her desire to distance
herself from her film-star past in an effort to be taken seriously as a
politician, Mayawati had different, yet equally compelling reasons to
publically desex herself. In her analysis of gender among scheduled
castes, Eva-Maria Hardtman draws attention to the fact that the few
low-caste Prabuddha Bharatian women who rise to positions of political
power are subject to intense moral scrutiny by the media, male members
of their own political parties, and the entertainment industry. There is
far less speculation about the morality of Indian high- and
middle-caste female politicians (unless they are former film stars) or
male politicians, whatever their caste. Untouchables have popularly been
considered impure and their touch defiling. Awakened Aboriginal women
have the added stigma of being widely considered immoral and
promiscuous.
Jayalalitha’s androgyny may be attributed to her desire to distance
herself from her film-star past in an effort to be taken seriously as a
politician, Mayawati had different, yet equally compelling reasons to
publically desex herself. In her analysis of gender among scheduled
castes, Eva-Maria Hardtman draws attention to the fact that the few
low-caste Prabuddha Bharatian women who rise to positions of political
power are subject to intense moral scrutiny by the media, male members
of their own political parties, and the entertainment industry. There is
far less speculation about the morality of Indian high- and
middle-caste female politicians (unless they are former film stars) or
male politicians, whatever their caste. Untouchables have popularly been
considered impure and their touch defiling. Awakened Aboriginal women
have the added stigma of being widely considered immoral and
promiscuous.
Hardtman
cites the late Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj
outlaw-turned-politician Phoolan Devi and Mayawati as examples. Among
the multiple atrocities committed against the former was being
gang-raped on several occasions and paraded naked, which were then
exposed in a book and internationally best-selling film, Bandit Queen,
without her permission. Phoolan Devi denounced the film in particular,
likening it to being raped again. In 1996 a male politician publically
accused Mayawati of engaging in a long-term affair with Kanshi Ram that
resulted in a secret love child. The accusation received widespread
coverage in the Indian media for several months. It cannot be
coincidental that photographs of Mayawati taken until 1997 show her with
shoulder-length hair pulled back into a ponytail, wearing a pastel-pink
shalwaar kameez or occasionally a sari, and gold jewelry. About a year
after the accusation, Mayawati cropped her hair and has since appeared
exclusively in a shapeless, cream-colored shalwaar kameez, which is how
she is immortalized in her statues. Phoolan Devi and Mayawati are both
also well known for their public cursing and for addressing upper-caste
males in the derogatory third-person, tu—behaviors associated with
low-caste males in India. It would appear that for these two Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj female politicians, androgyny
and the adoption of stereotypically low-caste masculine behaviors were
protective responses to having their private lives and morality the
subject of public consumption.
cites the late Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj
outlaw-turned-politician Phoolan Devi and Mayawati as examples. Among
the multiple atrocities committed against the former was being
gang-raped on several occasions and paraded naked, which were then
exposed in a book and internationally best-selling film, Bandit Queen,
without her permission. Phoolan Devi denounced the film in particular,
likening it to being raped again. In 1996 a male politician publically
accused Mayawati of engaging in a long-term affair with Kanshi Ram that
resulted in a secret love child. The accusation received widespread
coverage in the Indian media for several months. It cannot be
coincidental that photographs of Mayawati taken until 1997 show her with
shoulder-length hair pulled back into a ponytail, wearing a pastel-pink
shalwaar kameez or occasionally a sari, and gold jewelry. About a year
after the accusation, Mayawati cropped her hair and has since appeared
exclusively in a shapeless, cream-colored shalwaar kameez, which is how
she is immortalized in her statues. Phoolan Devi and Mayawati are both
also well known for their public cursing and for addressing upper-caste
males in the derogatory third-person, tu—behaviors associated with
low-caste males in India. It would appear that for these two Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj female politicians, androgyny
and the adoption of stereotypically low-caste masculine behaviors were
protective responses to having their private lives and morality the
subject of public consumption.
Mayawati as Kanshi Ram’s Charismatic Political Heir
Mayawati was born into the chamar jatī, one of the lowest
Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajsubcastes, whose members have
historically been tanners. Positive accounts of Mayawati’s biography
emphasize her dedication to her studies at a young age and her academic
success; her higher degrees include a law degree (LLB). In 1977, she was
studying for her civil service examinations when she met Kanshi Ram,
who was establishing the BSP at the time. Kanshi Ram groomed Mayawati as
a party leader, and in 2001, at a large rally in Lucknow, he named her
as his successor as president of the BSP (fig. 5). When he suffered a
paralyzing stroke in 2004, he convalesced at Mayawati’s home in Delhi
while she personally cared for and fed him. When he died in 2006, as per
the tenets of his will, he was cremated in a Buddhist ritual, and
Mayawati personally lit his funeral pyre.
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajsubcastes, whose members have
historically been tanners. Positive accounts of Mayawati’s biography
emphasize her dedication to her studies at a young age and her academic
success; her higher degrees include a law degree (LLB). In 1977, she was
studying for her civil service examinations when she met Kanshi Ram,
who was establishing the BSP at the time. Kanshi Ram groomed Mayawati as
a party leader, and in 2001, at a large rally in Lucknow, he named her
as his successor as president of the BSP (fig. 5). When he suffered a
paralyzing stroke in 2004, he convalesced at Mayawati’s home in Delhi
while she personally cared for and fed him. When he died in 2006, as per
the tenets of his will, he was cremated in a Buddhist ritual, and
Mayawati personally lit his funeral pyre.
In
both Hinduism and Buddhism, performance of the last rites is the final
responsibility of a father’s eldest son and heir. By taking on this
central and traditionally male role in Kanshi Ram’s funeral, Mayawati
challenged gender discrimination and decisively established herself as
the heir of Kanshi Ram. Her action also suggested a more intimate,
familial descent from the founder of the party and, by extension, her
inheritance of his charismatic authority through two well-established
paths: designation by the previous leader or descent from him. Kanshi
Ram’s cremated ashes were placed in an urn, which was processed in a
cortege through Lucknow and which Mayawati personally installed under
bronze statues of the two of them in the Prerna Kendra. These two
acts—Kanshi Ram’s announcement that Mayawati was his successor and her
performance of his last rites—irrefutably established her as his heir
apparent. The two occasions are also among the most popular subjects in
the bronze friezes in Mayawati’s memorials.
both Hinduism and Buddhism, performance of the last rites is the final
responsibility of a father’s eldest son and heir. By taking on this
central and traditionally male role in Kanshi Ram’s funeral, Mayawati
challenged gender discrimination and decisively established herself as
the heir of Kanshi Ram. Her action also suggested a more intimate,
familial descent from the founder of the party and, by extension, her
inheritance of his charismatic authority through two well-established
paths: designation by the previous leader or descent from him. Kanshi
Ram’s cremated ashes were placed in an urn, which was processed in a
cortege through Lucknow and which Mayawati personally installed under
bronze statues of the two of them in the Prerna Kendra. These two
acts—Kanshi Ram’s announcement that Mayawati was his successor and her
performance of his last rites—irrefutably established her as his heir
apparent. The two occasions are also among the most popular subjects in
the bronze friezes in Mayawati’s memorials.
That
Kanshi Ram specified that he receive his last rites according to
Buddhist tradition is also significant. Although neither he nor Mayawati
formally converted to the faith, Buddhism has been politically and
religiously associated with the Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samaj movement since Ambedkar’s highly public conversion in
1956. Adding another layer to Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samaj alternative history, Ambedkar asserted that members of
India’s lowest castes were Buddhists who had been ostracized for not
accepting Hinduism.[34] Since Ambedkar’s conversion, the faith has
undergone a profound revival among Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samajs, who seek to cast off the stigma of their low status and
shun the system that degraded them for centuries. As several Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj Buddhists noted during
conversations with me, they subscribe to Ambedkar’s claims and view
their conversion as a reconversion to the faith and a reclaiming of
their history. Due to the dalit revival of Buddhism; its associations
with Ambedkar, the founder of the modern dalit movement; and Ambedkar’s
assertions that Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs were
previously Buddhists, Mayawati’s Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samaj memorials quote liberally from ancient Indian Buddhist
monuments. Ultimately the neo-Buddhist style of Mayawati’s memorials
makes a Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj “presence in
time” visual.
Kanshi Ram specified that he receive his last rites according to
Buddhist tradition is also significant. Although neither he nor Mayawati
formally converted to the faith, Buddhism has been politically and
religiously associated with the Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samaj movement since Ambedkar’s highly public conversion in
1956. Adding another layer to Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samaj alternative history, Ambedkar asserted that members of
India’s lowest castes were Buddhists who had been ostracized for not
accepting Hinduism.[34] Since Ambedkar’s conversion, the faith has
undergone a profound revival among Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samajs, who seek to cast off the stigma of their low status and
shun the system that degraded them for centuries. As several Awakened
Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj Buddhists noted during
conversations with me, they subscribe to Ambedkar’s claims and view
their conversion as a reconversion to the faith and a reclaiming of
their history. Due to the dalit revival of Buddhism; its associations
with Ambedkar, the founder of the modern dalit movement; and Ambedkar’s
assertions that Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samajs were
previously Buddhists, Mayawati’s Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samaj memorials quote liberally from ancient Indian Buddhist
monuments. Ultimately the neo-Buddhist style of Mayawati’s memorials
makes a Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj “presence in
time” visual.
“A
Modern-day Female Ashoka”. Yes Ashoka planted Fruit Bearing trees
throughout his empire. Mayawati said she will bring back Ashoka’s rule.
She must order all the cadres and followers to train people to grow
vegetables and dwarf fruit trees in pots to overcome hunger the worst
illness as said by the Buddha.
Modern-day Female Ashoka”. Yes Ashoka planted Fruit Bearing trees
throughout his empire. Mayawati said she will bring back Ashoka’s rule.
She must order all the cadres and followers to train people to grow
vegetables and dwarf fruit trees in pots to overcome hunger the worst
illness as said by the Buddha.
Claiming Awakened Aboriginal Space and Establishing a Awakened Aboriginal Style of Architecture
All
of Mayawati’s sculptures are executed by Ram and Anil Sutar, a
father-and-son, Noida-based team. Ram Suthar graduated at the top of his
class from one of India’s most prestigious art schools, the Sir
Jamsetjee Jeejebhoy School of Art, in 1953. Significant to the work he
would later do for Mayawati, during the 1950s, Ram Sutar served as
modeler for the Department of Archaeology in Aurangabad and restored
sculptures in the Ellora and Ajanta caves, which familiarized him with
ancient Indian Buddhist art. Since he established his own studio in
1959, Ram Sutar’s national fame has grown steadily. He has been
commissioned to cast and carve statues and friezes of a diverse range of
public and mythological figures throughout Prabuddha Bharat. Sutar is
best known for his bust of Gandhi, which has been recast multiple times
and which the government of India has given to numerous countries. In
1995 Sutar was awarded the prestigious Padmashri medal.
of Mayawati’s sculptures are executed by Ram and Anil Sutar, a
father-and-son, Noida-based team. Ram Suthar graduated at the top of his
class from one of India’s most prestigious art schools, the Sir
Jamsetjee Jeejebhoy School of Art, in 1953. Significant to the work he
would later do for Mayawati, during the 1950s, Ram Sutar served as
modeler for the Department of Archaeology in Aurangabad and restored
sculptures in the Ellora and Ajanta caves, which familiarized him with
ancient Indian Buddhist art. Since he established his own studio in
1959, Ram Sutar’s national fame has grown steadily. He has been
commissioned to cast and carve statues and friezes of a diverse range of
public and mythological figures throughout Prabuddha Bharat. Sutar is
best known for his bust of Gandhi, which has been recast multiple times
and which the government of India has given to numerous countries. In
1995 Sutar was awarded the prestigious Padmashri medal.
Mayawati
doubtlessly chose the Sutars for their reputation as the most
celebrated sculptors to work in a large scale and for the realism,
dynamism, and quality materials that characterize their work. That the
Sutars are well known for their sculptures of Hindu subjects and
high-caste leaders was probably also attractive.
doubtlessly chose the Sutars for their reputation as the most
celebrated sculptors to work in a large scale and for the realism,
dynamism, and quality materials that characterize their work. That the
Sutars are well known for their sculptures of Hindu subjects and
high-caste leaders was probably also attractive.
Their past work associated Mayawati and her community with the establishment and the galaxy of national heroes.
By
retaining their services, she effectively communicated that now dalits
too have access to the finest quality materials and the most
sought-after artists to memorialize their heroes.
retaining their services, she effectively communicated that now dalits
too have access to the finest quality materials and the most
sought-after artists to memorialize their heroes.
She
was an active agent in the construction and dissemination of her public
image. The Sutars and Jay Kaktikar, Mayawati’s chief architect,
discussed building and decorative styles and their associations with her
at great length. She then became highly involved in the design and
planning of her commissions. While in office, she frequently toured the
building sites from the air in her private helicopter. Her commissions
certainly have kept the artists in her employ busy. Both Kaktikar and
the Sutars work exclusively for her. When Mayawati first retained the
Sutars’ services in the early 2000s, they only employed twenty-four
full-time workers in their foundry, and they only worked during the day.
When I met the Sutars in August 2011, when Mayawati was still in
office, to keep up with her commissions, they had increased their
workforce to one hundred during the day and another one hundred at
night. Their foundry was open twenty-fours a day, seven days a week.
Still, they were backlogged with work for Mayawati.
was an active agent in the construction and dissemination of her public
image. The Sutars and Jay Kaktikar, Mayawati’s chief architect,
discussed building and decorative styles and their associations with her
at great length. She then became highly involved in the design and
planning of her commissions. While in office, she frequently toured the
building sites from the air in her private helicopter. Her commissions
certainly have kept the artists in her employ busy. Both Kaktikar and
the Sutars work exclusively for her. When Mayawati first retained the
Sutars’ services in the early 2000s, they only employed twenty-four
full-time workers in their foundry, and they only worked during the day.
When I met the Sutars in August 2011, when Mayawati was still in
office, to keep up with her commissions, they had increased their
workforce to one hundred during the day and another one hundred at
night. Their foundry was open twenty-fours a day, seven days a week.
Still, they were backlogged with work for Mayawati.
It
was not only the rate of her commissions that kept her artists busy, it
was their quality. Kaktikar recounts that Mayawati insisted that her
projects be constructed with an aim toward permanence. Her great concern
was that after her tenure, her non-Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samaj successors would raze what she had built. Her fears were
certainly well founded.
was not only the rate of her commissions that kept her artists busy, it
was their quality. Kaktikar recounts that Mayawati insisted that her
projects be constructed with an aim toward permanence. Her great concern
was that after her tenure, her non-Awakened Aboriginal SC/STs/OBCs/ of
Sarvajan Samaj successors would raze what she had built. Her fears were
certainly well founded.
Throughout
India memorial statues of Ambedkar and other Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj icons are routinely vandalized—toppled,
defaced, or garlanded with rows of shoes, with the aim of insulting
them. Only months after she was voted out of office in 2012, statues of
Mayawati and Ambedkar were decapitated in Lucknow. In an attempt to
ensure that Uttar Pradesh was not subjected to further visual programs
to erase the dalits from Lucknow’s built environment, Kaktikar worked
with thicker than usual slabs of stone, and the Sutars cast Mayawati’s
statues and friezes with extra thick bronze.
India memorial statues of Ambedkar and other Awakened Aboriginal
SC/STs/OBCs/ of Sarvajan Samaj icons are routinely vandalized—toppled,
defaced, or garlanded with rows of shoes, with the aim of insulting
them. Only months after she was voted out of office in 2012, statues of
Mayawati and Ambedkar were decapitated in Lucknow. In an attempt to
ensure that Uttar Pradesh was not subjected to further visual programs
to erase the dalits from Lucknow’s built environment, Kaktikar worked
with thicker than usual slabs of stone, and the Sutars cast Mayawati’s
statues and friezes with extra thick bronze.
Mayawati
and Kaktikar devised an instantly recognizable style for her
architectural commissions through their formal and decorative programs
and construction material. Patron and architect perfectly understood the
sociopolitical need not only to build but also to claim space and
territorially mark it through a sectarian style of architecture.
Mayawati’s buildings draw heavily from ancient Indian Buddhist
architecture, as exemplified by sites such as the Great Stupa at Sanchi
(circa first century BCE). Kaktikar notes that he and Mayawati intended
to appropriate this style. Her buildings are not pastiches. Rather than
recreating facsimiles of ancient Buddhist structures, Kaktikar combined
select features from notable Indian buildings to associate his patron
and her community with politically legitimizing models.
and Kaktikar devised an instantly recognizable style for her
architectural commissions through their formal and decorative programs
and construction material. Patron and architect perfectly understood the
sociopolitical need not only to build but also to claim space and
territorially mark it through a sectarian style of architecture.
Mayawati’s buildings draw heavily from ancient Indian Buddhist
architecture, as exemplified by sites such as the Great Stupa at Sanchi
(circa first century BCE). Kaktikar notes that he and Mayawati intended
to appropriate this style. Her buildings are not pastiches. Rather than
recreating facsimiles of ancient Buddhist structures, Kaktikar combined
select features from notable Indian buildings to associate his patron
and her community with politically legitimizing models.
The
construction materials are uniform light-pink and red sandstone from
Karuli, Rajasthan, and buff-colored sandstone from Chunar, Uttar
Pradesh. As with all of her commissions, Mayawati’s choice of materials
was well informed and meaningful. Red sandstone and white marble have
been the preeminent building materials for royal and government
structures in North Prabuddha Bharat since the fourteenth-century Khilji
Sultan Ala-ud-din’s commission of the Alai Darwaza at the Qutub complex
in Delhi.
construction materials are uniform light-pink and red sandstone from
Karuli, Rajasthan, and buff-colored sandstone from Chunar, Uttar
Pradesh. As with all of her commissions, Mayawati’s choice of materials
was well informed and meaningful. Red sandstone and white marble have
been the preeminent building materials for royal and government
structures in North Prabuddha Bharat since the fourteenth-century Khilji
Sultan Ala-ud-din’s commission of the Alai Darwaza at the Qutub complex
in Delhi.
Following
the Khiljis, other Delhi Sultanates, the Mughals, several Rajput
dynasties, the British, and finally the independent nation of Prabuddha
Bharat employed these building materials for their political structures.
Light-pink sandstone is frequently substituted for white marble.
Mayawati’s use of these materials brings her into the visual language of
North Indian rulership.
the Khiljis, other Delhi Sultanates, the Mughals, several Rajput
dynasties, the British, and finally the independent nation of Prabuddha
Bharat employed these building materials for their political structures.
Light-pink sandstone is frequently substituted for white marble.
Mayawati’s use of these materials brings her into the visual language of
North Indian rulership.
Chunar
sandstone is deeply associated with the third-century BCE Mauryan
emperor Ashoka, who was a great patron of Buddhism and its arts. Ashoka
raised freestanding columns carved from Chunar sandstone throughout his
vast empire upon which were inscribed edicts. In an effort to associate
herself with one of the greatest figures from Buddhist history, Mayawati
similarly erected dozens of Chunar sandstone columns on the grounds of
her monuments (fig. 6). Her pillars are not facsimiles of the Ashokan
pillars. While the former are constructed exclusively of sandstone and
present a variety of animals, upturned lotuses, and wheels on their
capitals, Mayawati’s pillars are more uniform. Their bronze capitals are
capped by wheels borne on the backs of four addorsed elephants. Here,
the elephants carry polysemic meanings: they are symbols of Indic
authority; are associated with Ashoka, as they are featured on several
of his capitals; and are the BSP party symbol. These messages also are
carried by the dozens of life-size, carved stone elephants that
punctuate the grounds of Mayawati’s buildings. The Ashokan pillars were
erected singly, but Mayawati’s are in clusters. Furthermore, Kaktikar
notes that, per Mayawati’s orders, her columns are slightly taller than
Ashoka’s. The association between Mayawati and Ashoka has not been lost
on her community.
sandstone is deeply associated with the third-century BCE Mauryan
emperor Ashoka, who was a great patron of Buddhism and its arts. Ashoka
raised freestanding columns carved from Chunar sandstone throughout his
vast empire upon which were inscribed edicts. In an effort to associate
herself with one of the greatest figures from Buddhist history, Mayawati
similarly erected dozens of Chunar sandstone columns on the grounds of
her monuments (fig. 6). Her pillars are not facsimiles of the Ashokan
pillars. While the former are constructed exclusively of sandstone and
present a variety of animals, upturned lotuses, and wheels on their
capitals, Mayawati’s pillars are more uniform. Their bronze capitals are
capped by wheels borne on the backs of four addorsed elephants. Here,
the elephants carry polysemic meanings: they are symbols of Indic
authority; are associated with Ashoka, as they are featured on several
of his capitals; and are the BSP party symbol. These messages also are
carried by the dozens of life-size, carved stone elephants that
punctuate the grounds of Mayawati’s buildings. The Ashokan pillars were
erected singly, but Mayawati’s are in clusters. Furthermore, Kaktikar
notes that, per Mayawati’s orders, her columns are slightly taller than
Ashoka’s. The association between Mayawati and Ashoka has not been lost
on her community.
Biku
Chandra Ma, a Awakened Aboriginal Buddhist monk at the Dr. Bhimrao
Ambedkar Gomti Buddha Vihar, a monastic residence in Lucknow
(commissioned by Mayawati), proudly asserted: “Mayawati is just like a
modern-day female Ashoka.” Perhaps the message she seeks to deploy
through the abundance, more permanent material of bronze, and superior
height of her pillars is not simply that she is like the great emperor,
but that she has in fact surpassed him.
Chandra Ma, a Awakened Aboriginal Buddhist monk at the Dr. Bhimrao
Ambedkar Gomti Buddha Vihar, a monastic residence in Lucknow
(commissioned by Mayawati), proudly asserted: “Mayawati is just like a
modern-day female Ashoka.” Perhaps the message she seeks to deploy
through the abundance, more permanent material of bronze, and superior
height of her pillars is not simply that she is like the great emperor,
but that she has in fact surpassed him.
In
likening herself to great leaders from Prabuddha Bharat’s ancient past,
Mayawati again subscribes to popular performances of charismatic
authority in recent Indian politics. Jawaharlal Nehru, India’s first
prime minister, is also known to have emulated Ashoka as a model of
Indic sovereignty. He chose icons such as the Ashokan lion capital and
the wheel to represent the new independent nation. More recently, in
1995, Jayalalitha erected numerous banners and cutouts of herself
surrounded by eminent ancient Tamil leaders at the World Tamil
Conference in Thanjavur. In several banners, she appeared next to the
most celebrated Chola emperor, Raja Raja I (reigned 985–1015 CE) and
images of his monumental Brihadeshvara temple. Like Mayawati’s
“Ashokan” pillars, Jayalalitha’s visual propaganda focused on an ancient
leader’s monument that signified his glorious rule, constructed a
fictive lineage, and presented her own rule as a revival of a Golden
Age.
likening herself to great leaders from Prabuddha Bharat’s ancient past,
Mayawati again subscribes to popular performances of charismatic
authority in recent Indian politics. Jawaharlal Nehru, India’s first
prime minister, is also known to have emulated Ashoka as a model of
Indic sovereignty. He chose icons such as the Ashokan lion capital and
the wheel to represent the new independent nation. More recently, in
1995, Jayalalitha erected numerous banners and cutouts of herself
surrounded by eminent ancient Tamil leaders at the World Tamil
Conference in Thanjavur. In several banners, she appeared next to the
most celebrated Chola emperor, Raja Raja I (reigned 985–1015 CE) and
images of his monumental Brihadeshvara temple. Like Mayawati’s
“Ashokan” pillars, Jayalalitha’s visual propaganda focused on an ancient
leader’s monument that signified his glorious rule, constructed a
fictive lineage, and presented her own rule as a revival of a Golden
Age.
The
exterior parameters of Mayawati’s architectural commissions are bound
by sandstone railings whose forms and low reliefs of chaitya arches are
appropriated from the vedikas (stupā railings) at ancient Buddhist sites
such as Sanchi (fig. 7). Because the first phase of construction at the
Sanchi Stupa was a Mauryan commission, Mayawati’s railings further her
Ashokan associations. Like the pillars, the railings are not copied
exactly from their original sources. While ancient Buddhist vedikas
offer detailed reliefs of a variety of subjects associated with
Buddhism, those at Mayawati’s sites are largely devoid of carvings.
Representations of yakshīs (fertile nymphs) and other figures from the
Buddhist pantheon and scenes from the jatakas would be inappropriate at
the Ambedkar Memorial and the Prerna Kendra. While informed tangentially
by Buddhism, the faith and its architectural styles are employed in the
service of politics in Mayawati’s commissions. These are not sites
built to honor the Buddha. It could even be argued that their ultimate
function is not to honor Ambedkar or Kanshi Ram, but Mayawati.
exterior parameters of Mayawati’s architectural commissions are bound
by sandstone railings whose forms and low reliefs of chaitya arches are
appropriated from the vedikas (stupā railings) at ancient Buddhist sites
such as Sanchi (fig. 7). Because the first phase of construction at the
Sanchi Stupa was a Mauryan commission, Mayawati’s railings further her
Ashokan associations. Like the pillars, the railings are not copied
exactly from their original sources. While ancient Buddhist vedikas
offer detailed reliefs of a variety of subjects associated with
Buddhism, those at Mayawati’s sites are largely devoid of carvings.
Representations of yakshīs (fertile nymphs) and other figures from the
Buddhist pantheon and scenes from the jatakas would be inappropriate at
the Ambedkar Memorial and the Prerna Kendra. While informed tangentially
by Buddhism, the faith and its architectural styles are employed in the
service of politics in Mayawati’s commissions. These are not sites
built to honor the Buddha. It could even be argued that their ultimate
function is not to honor Ambedkar or Kanshi Ram, but Mayawati.
The Ambedkar Memorial and the Prerna Kendra
The
Ambedkar Memorial complex is Mayawati’s largest and most ambitious
commission. Completed in 2008 at an estimated cost of seven billion
rupees, the site spans more than twenty-five acres and is enclosed by a
vedika-like fence. It is located at the bottom of a hill, next to the
Gomti river and beside a flyover, a strategic location that ensures its
visibility. The vast, open, granite-lined courts, which are kept
scrupulously clean; prominent ticket booths; and monumental entrance
gates invite visitors inside. As they travel through, visitors can read
about each structure, figures depicted in the statues, and the BSP, and
gaze at images of Mayawati inaugurating the complex in the brochures
that are given with the entrance tickets.
Ambedkar Memorial complex is Mayawati’s largest and most ambitious
commission. Completed in 2008 at an estimated cost of seven billion
rupees, the site spans more than twenty-five acres and is enclosed by a
vedika-like fence. It is located at the bottom of a hill, next to the
Gomti river and beside a flyover, a strategic location that ensures its
visibility. The vast, open, granite-lined courts, which are kept
scrupulously clean; prominent ticket booths; and monumental entrance
gates invite visitors inside. As they travel through, visitors can read
about each structure, figures depicted in the statues, and the BSP, and
gaze at images of Mayawati inaugurating the complex in the brochures
that are given with the entrance tickets.
There
is also an open-air sculpture gallery, whose walls are adorned with
high-relief bronze narrative friezes depicting key events from the
political careers of Kanshi Ram and Mayawati. In one, they stand side by
side on a stage as Kanshi Ram addresses the assembled, cheering,
flag-waving crowd. The accompanying Hindi inscription informs viewers
that on December 15, 2001, at Lakshman Mela Ground in Lucknow, Kanshi
Ram, the founder of the BSP, named Mayawati as his successor (see fig.
5). Another frieze depicts Mayawati feeding cake to a convalescing
Kanshi Ram; the inscription states that this happened on the occasion of
his seventieth birthday at Batra Hospital in Delhi (fig..
The figures are flanked by plants and diminutive statues of the Buddha,
again associating Kanshi Ram and Mayawati with Ambedkar and the faith
adopted by so many of their community members.
is also an open-air sculpture gallery, whose walls are adorned with
high-relief bronze narrative friezes depicting key events from the
political careers of Kanshi Ram and Mayawati. In one, they stand side by
side on a stage as Kanshi Ram addresses the assembled, cheering,
flag-waving crowd. The accompanying Hindi inscription informs viewers
that on December 15, 2001, at Lakshman Mela Ground in Lucknow, Kanshi
Ram, the founder of the BSP, named Mayawati as his successor (see fig.
5). Another frieze depicts Mayawati feeding cake to a convalescing
Kanshi Ram; the inscription states that this happened on the occasion of
his seventieth birthday at Batra Hospital in Delhi (fig.
.The figures are flanked by plants and diminutive statues of the Buddha,
again associating Kanshi Ram and Mayawati with Ambedkar and the faith
adopted by so many of their community members.
These
friezes establish a highly personal, parental relationship between
Kanshi Ram and Mayawati. The frieze depicting the rally maps Mayawati’s
inheritance of Kanshi Ram’s charisma via his designation, while the
frieze of her feeding him suggests that she received his charisma via
hereditary descent. Significantly, during Jayalalitha’s campaign for
office in the early 1990s, she commissioned cutouts and banners that
placed her next to her political mentor, the much-loved Tamil
politician, MGR, whose promotion of Jayalaltiha’s career paralleled
Kanshi Ram’s promotion of Mayawati. During her campaign, Jayalalitha was
depicted attending to MGR like a dutiful daughter, again mapping the
transference of charisma from one political generation to the next. It
is also worth noting that it remains difficult for women to rise to
positions of political authority in South Asia. Thus, nearly all female
politicians are initiated into politics by elder male relatives,
particularly husbands or fathers. Mayawati and Jayalalitha are notable
exceptions, and both use public art to create necessary fictive lineages
from their male mentors.
friezes establish a highly personal, parental relationship between
Kanshi Ram and Mayawati. The frieze depicting the rally maps Mayawati’s
inheritance of Kanshi Ram’s charisma via his designation, while the
frieze of her feeding him suggests that she received his charisma via
hereditary descent. Significantly, during Jayalalitha’s campaign for
office in the early 1990s, she commissioned cutouts and banners that
placed her next to her political mentor, the much-loved Tamil
politician, MGR, whose promotion of Jayalaltiha’s career paralleled
Kanshi Ram’s promotion of Mayawati. During her campaign, Jayalalitha was
depicted attending to MGR like a dutiful daughter, again mapping the
transference of charisma from one political generation to the next. It
is also worth noting that it remains difficult for women to rise to
positions of political authority in South Asia. Thus, nearly all female
politicians are initiated into politics by elder male relatives,
particularly husbands or fathers. Mayawati and Jayalalitha are notable
exceptions, and both use public art to create necessary fictive lineages
from their male mentors.
The
high degree of detail and photorealism displayed by the friezes and
their brief, concise text recall photographs and their text captions in
newspapers. If, as Roland Barthes argues, a photograph operates as a
“certificate of presence,” proving that what it depicts happened and who
it depicts existed, newspaper photographs and their captions are
ultimate certificates of presence.
high degree of detail and photorealism displayed by the friezes and
their brief, concise text recall photographs and their text captions in
newspapers. If, as Roland Barthes argues, a photograph operates as a
“certificate of presence,” proving that what it depicts happened and who
it depicts existed, newspaper photographs and their captions are
ultimate certificates of presence.
Mayawati,
whose political and personal life is so frequently the subject of media
scrutiny, is surely aware of the power of this form of presentation for
its believability. The newspaper format allows her to convey in the
most convincing format that certain events occurred and that others did
not. The presentation of Mayawati as a nurturing, attentive child who
feeds her enfeebled, yet smiling father was probably intended to convey
an additional message about the nature of their relationship. Several
high-ranking male members of the BSP have publically accused Mayawati of
wielding undue influence over Kanshi Ram and holding him hostage in her
house after his stroke. The newspaper-photograph-like presentation of
the frieze showing her feeding him “proves” otherwise.
whose political and personal life is so frequently the subject of media
scrutiny, is surely aware of the power of this form of presentation for
its believability. The newspaper format allows her to convey in the
most convincing format that certain events occurred and that others did
not. The presentation of Mayawati as a nurturing, attentive child who
feeds her enfeebled, yet smiling father was probably intended to convey
an additional message about the nature of their relationship. Several
high-ranking male members of the BSP have publically accused Mayawati of
wielding undue influence over Kanshi Ram and holding him hostage in her
house after his stroke. The newspaper-photograph-like presentation of
the frieze showing her feeding him “proves” otherwise.
The
Ambedkar Memorial is dominated by a monumental stupā, measuring
approximately two hundred feet in height. As with the pillars and
vedekās, the Ambedkar stupā appropriates from, but is not a copy of, any
specific Prabuddha Bharat monument. The most striking difference
between the Great Stupa at Sanchi, and the Ambedkar stupā is that while
the former is comprised of solid hemispherical masses that cannot be
entered, the latter is architectural, with a domed central chamber. The
Ambedkar stupā’s four prominent directional entrances create an
imposing, palatial structure. They are accessed by monumental staircases
arranged in the form of a lotus blossom, a prominent symbol in Buddhist
art.
Ambedkar Memorial is dominated by a monumental stupā, measuring
approximately two hundred feet in height. As with the pillars and
vedekās, the Ambedkar stupā appropriates from, but is not a copy of, any
specific Prabuddha Bharat monument. The most striking difference
between the Great Stupa at Sanchi, and the Ambedkar stupā is that while
the former is comprised of solid hemispherical masses that cannot be
entered, the latter is architectural, with a domed central chamber. The
Ambedkar stupā’s four prominent directional entrances create an
imposing, palatial structure. They are accessed by monumental staircases
arranged in the form of a lotus blossom, a prominent symbol in Buddhist
art.
Significantly, the only way to view the stupā’s lotus plan is from the air, which is Mayawati’s exclusive vantage point.
The
exterior of the Ambedkar stupā references a glorious ancient Aboriginal
Awakened past through the appropriation of ancient Indian stupā form
and decoration, including blind chandrashala arches (see fig. 7), a
monumental chandrashala-arched entrance, and a harmikā (square planned
fence on top of stupās). The stupā form has additional, more immediate
significance for the dalit community, beyond its antiquity: Ambedkar was
cremated and his ashes interred in the Chaitya Bhoomi stupā at Dadar
Choupati, Mumbai.
exterior of the Ambedkar stupā references a glorious ancient Aboriginal
Awakened past through the appropriation of ancient Indian stupā form
and decoration, including blind chandrashala arches (see fig. 7), a
monumental chandrashala-arched entrance, and a harmikā (square planned
fence on top of stupās). The stupā form has additional, more immediate
significance for the dalit community, beyond its antiquity: Ambedkar was
cremated and his ashes interred in the Chaitya Bhoomi stupā at Dadar
Choupati, Mumbai.
The
interior of the Ambedkar stupā is dominated by a twenty-seven-foot-high
bronze statue in the round of a seated Ambedkar (fig. 9). Inscribed at
the base of the sculpture is the phrase, “My life struggle is my
message.” Ambedkar never said this; Mayawati devised the phrase,
considering it more appropriate than his more famous, somewhat militant
galvanizing slogan, “Educate, Organize, Agitate!”
interior of the Ambedkar stupā is dominated by a twenty-seven-foot-high
bronze statue in the round of a seated Ambedkar (fig. 9). Inscribed at
the base of the sculpture is the phrase, “My life struggle is my
message.” Ambedkar never said this; Mayawati devised the phrase,
considering it more appropriate than his more famous, somewhat militant
galvanizing slogan, “Educate, Organize, Agitate!”
Mayawati’s
phrase likely is also a rebuttal to the popular Gandhian phrase, “My
life is my message.” Here, the emphasis is on how Ambedkar struggled and
overcame (more so than Gandhi), thereby providing a communal model.
phrase likely is also a rebuttal to the popular Gandhian phrase, “My
life is my message.” Here, the emphasis is on how Ambedkar struggled and
overcame (more so than Gandhi), thereby providing a communal model.
Mayawati
intended the Ambedkar statue to be modeled on the sculpture of Abraham
Lincoln at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. The reference is
apt. Ambedkar, who was a lawyer, wrote the Indian constitution, and
Lincoln, also a lawyer, amended the American constitution to extend
rights to all (male) citizens, including African Americans, after the
Civil War. Ambedkar frequently likened Prabuddha Bharat Awakened
Aboriginals to African Americans and viewed Lincoln as a champion of the
rights of the subalterns in his own nation. Mayawati herself received
her LLB and is also an admirer of Lincoln; she sought to link the
founder of her movement to a well-known international figure and make
the Awakened Aboriginals’ struggle universal.
intended the Ambedkar statue to be modeled on the sculpture of Abraham
Lincoln at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. The reference is
apt. Ambedkar, who was a lawyer, wrote the Indian constitution, and
Lincoln, also a lawyer, amended the American constitution to extend
rights to all (male) citizens, including African Americans, after the
Civil War. Ambedkar frequently likened Prabuddha Bharat Awakened
Aboriginals to African Americans and viewed Lincoln as a champion of the
rights of the subalterns in his own nation. Mayawati herself received
her LLB and is also an admirer of Lincoln; she sought to link the
founder of her movement to a well-known international figure and make
the Awakened Aboriginals’ struggle universal.
The
central statue is ringed by high-relief bronze friezes on the
surrounding walls that depict key events from Ambedkar’s life. In one,
he sits at a desk, pen in hand, writing the constitution (fig. 10). He
is flanked by a map of India, over which is inscribed “Bharat,” and a
table bearing a Buddha statue and an Ashokan lion capital, which
Ambedkar and Nehru promoted as the national icon of independent
Prabuddha Bharat. If the iconography is unclear, a Hindi inscription
informs the viewer of the events depicted. In another frieze, the viewer
is again informed in text and image that Ambedkar is presenting the
constitution to President Rajendra Prasad (fig. 11). They are surmounted
by the Ashokan lion capital and the circular-planned Prabuddha Bharat
Parliament House, which crowns the three figures like an honorific
umbrella. The bronze friezes within the stupā also reference Ambedkar’s
religious conversion. Wearing monastic robes, Ambedkar stands next to an
enshrined image of the Buddha with a monk on the other side (fig. 12).
The accompanying inscription informs us that in Nagpur, on October 14,
1956, Ambedkar converted to Buddhism.
central statue is ringed by high-relief bronze friezes on the
surrounding walls that depict key events from Ambedkar’s life. In one,
he sits at a desk, pen in hand, writing the constitution (fig. 10). He
is flanked by a map of India, over which is inscribed “Bharat,” and a
table bearing a Buddha statue and an Ashokan lion capital, which
Ambedkar and Nehru promoted as the national icon of independent
Prabuddha Bharat. If the iconography is unclear, a Hindi inscription
informs the viewer of the events depicted. In another frieze, the viewer
is again informed in text and image that Ambedkar is presenting the
constitution to President Rajendra Prasad (fig. 11). They are surmounted
by the Ashokan lion capital and the circular-planned Prabuddha Bharat
Parliament House, which crowns the three figures like an honorific
umbrella. The bronze friezes within the stupā also reference Ambedkar’s
religious conversion. Wearing monastic robes, Ambedkar stands next to an
enshrined image of the Buddha with a monk on the other side (fig. 12).
The accompanying inscription informs us that in Nagpur, on October 14,
1956, Ambedkar converted to Buddhism.
Ambedkar converts to Buddhism. Bronze frieze, Ambedkar stupā, Ambedkar Memorial
Moving
in a clockwise direction—the established direction for progressing in
Buddhist monuments and thus the logical direction in the Ambedkar
stupā—the penultimate frieze offers an aerial view of the sprawling
memorial complex (the way Mayawati would view the site from her
helicopter), with inscriptions naming each structure. An eleven-foot
sculpture in the round of Mayawati stands beside the frieze, emphasizing
her role as patron. The cycle concludes with eleven-foot sculptures in
the round of Mayawati and Kanshi Ram that flank and gesture toward a
bronze frieze of the Ambedkar sculpture enshrined within the stupā (see
fig. 4). The inscriptions inform us that Sushrī (Most Honorable)
Mayawati, Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, laid the foundation for the
stupā on August 15, 1995. In publically laying the memorial’s
foundation, Mayawati was again participating in an established
expression of her charisma, in what Sara Dickey terms Indian
“person-centered politics.”
in a clockwise direction—the established direction for progressing in
Buddhist monuments and thus the logical direction in the Ambedkar
stupā—the penultimate frieze offers an aerial view of the sprawling
memorial complex (the way Mayawati would view the site from her
helicopter), with inscriptions naming each structure. An eleven-foot
sculpture in the round of Mayawati stands beside the frieze, emphasizing
her role as patron. The cycle concludes with eleven-foot sculptures in
the round of Mayawati and Kanshi Ram that flank and gesture toward a
bronze frieze of the Ambedkar sculpture enshrined within the stupā (see
fig. 4). The inscriptions inform us that Sushrī (Most Honorable)
Mayawati, Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, laid the foundation for the
stupā on August 15, 1995. In publically laying the memorial’s
foundation, Mayawati was again participating in an established
expression of her charisma, in what Sara Dickey terms Indian
“person-centered politics.”
Participating
in public cornerstone-laying ceremonies amid much fanfare is a common
means by which an Prabuddha Bharat politician spreads awareness of his
or her “person.” The date of the ceremony is also significant, as it
was the anniversary of both Ambedkar’s birthday and Indian Independence
Day during Mayawati’s first year in office.
in public cornerstone-laying ceremonies amid much fanfare is a common
means by which an Prabuddha Bharat politician spreads awareness of his
or her “person.” The date of the ceremony is also significant, as it
was the anniversary of both Ambedkar’s birthday and Indian Independence
Day during Mayawati’s first year in office.
The centrally located Ambedkar statue and the friezes highlight Ambedkar’s various achievements.
Ultimately,
they link him to Mayawati, whose agency in the construction of the very
site in which all these sculptures are housed, is underscored at the
end of the cycle. Mayawati stands with Kanshi Ram by the bronze frieze
depicting the Ambedkar statue, thereby visually mapping the lineage of
dalit political power from Ambedkar to Kanshi Ram and finally to
herself.
they link him to Mayawati, whose agency in the construction of the very
site in which all these sculptures are housed, is underscored at the
end of the cycle. Mayawati stands with Kanshi Ram by the bronze frieze
depicting the Ambedkar statue, thereby visually mapping the lineage of
dalit political power from Ambedkar to Kanshi Ram and finally to
herself.
Mayawati
also uses the Ambedkar stupā as a stage for performing her political
lineage from Ambedkar. In addition to commencing construction at the
site on Ambedkar’s birthday and personally laying its foundation stone,
Mayawati annually holds ceremonies for Ambedkar’s birthday at the
complex. During these events, Mayawati, who is accompanied by throngs of
party officials, Buddhist monks, and constituents from throughout the
state, publically garlands the main Ambedkar statue and delivers
speeches before it.
also uses the Ambedkar stupā as a stage for performing her political
lineage from Ambedkar. In addition to commencing construction at the
site on Ambedkar’s birthday and personally laying its foundation stone,
Mayawati annually holds ceremonies for Ambedkar’s birthday at the
complex. During these events, Mayawati, who is accompanied by throngs of
party officials, Buddhist monks, and constituents from throughout the
state, publically garlands the main Ambedkar statue and delivers
speeches before it.
Built
between 2003 and 2005, the Prerna Kendra is a very different type of
structure. The Ambedkar Memorial is open, sprawling, and of a monumental
scale. By contrast, the far smaller Prerna Kendra is woven into the
dense urban fabric of upper-middle-class apartments and shops in a
residential area across Lucknow. With its high, battered surrounding
walls, which block visibility from the street, and discreet entrance,
the Prerna Kendra is evocative of a fortress. The form of the Ambedkar
stupā is based on ancient Indian stupās. The formal inspiration for the
105-foot-tall steep pyramidal Prerna Kendra was another well-known
Buddhist pilgrimage site, the Mahabodhi Temple in Bodh Gaya. The most
important Buddhist pilgrimage site, the temple marks the site of the
Buddha’s awakenment , again linking Awakened Aboriginals to their
Buddhist past and a wider international Buddhist community.
between 2003 and 2005, the Prerna Kendra is a very different type of
structure. The Ambedkar Memorial is open, sprawling, and of a monumental
scale. By contrast, the far smaller Prerna Kendra is woven into the
dense urban fabric of upper-middle-class apartments and shops in a
residential area across Lucknow. With its high, battered surrounding
walls, which block visibility from the street, and discreet entrance,
the Prerna Kendra is evocative of a fortress. The form of the Ambedkar
stupā is based on ancient Indian stupās. The formal inspiration for the
105-foot-tall steep pyramidal Prerna Kendra was another well-known
Buddhist pilgrimage site, the Mahabodhi Temple in Bodh Gaya. The most
important Buddhist pilgrimage site, the temple marks the site of the
Buddha’s awakenment , again linking Awakened Aboriginals to their
Buddhist past and a wider international Buddhist community.
The
intended audiences of the Ambedkar Memorial and the Prerna Kendra are
also different. With its entrance fees and well-run infrastructure, the
Ambedkar Memorial was intended as public space for members of the upper
and middle castes as well as Awakened Aboriginals; there Mayawati
broadcasts versions of Awakened Aboriginals history, the achievements of
her community members, and her own charisma to the widest possible
audience. The Prerna Kendra’s entrance is discreet, the building’s form
is largely obscured by its high outer walls, and the site is frequently
closed. It is therefore far less inviting to non-community members.
intended audiences of the Ambedkar Memorial and the Prerna Kendra are
also different. With its entrance fees and well-run infrastructure, the
Ambedkar Memorial was intended as public space for members of the upper
and middle castes as well as Awakened Aboriginals; there Mayawati
broadcasts versions of Awakened Aboriginals history, the achievements of
her community members, and her own charisma to the widest possible
audience. The Prerna Kendra’s entrance is discreet, the building’s form
is largely obscured by its high outer walls, and the site is frequently
closed. It is therefore far less inviting to non-community members.
Mayawati
inaugurated the Prerna Kandra in 2005 during a Buddhist ritual
performed by monks. Media coverage of the event noted her benevolence to
the monks; she gave them large sums of money, fruit, and umbrellas.
inaugurated the Prerna Kandra in 2005 during a Buddhist ritual
performed by monks. Media coverage of the event noted her benevolence to
the monks; she gave them large sums of money, fruit, and umbrellas.
In
demonstrating such largesse, she again used her architectural
commission as a stage to perform her political legitimacy. Not only did
she ally with the Buddhist monks, most of whom are former dalits, she
reminded all that the faith is deeply associated with dalit activism.
Moreover, in showing such magnanimity, Mayawati was subscribing to a
well-established tradition in Indian rulership: generous support of
religious organizations and their monastic members.
demonstrating such largesse, she again used her architectural
commission as a stage to perform her political legitimacy. Not only did
she ally with the Buddhist monks, most of whom are former dalits, she
reminded all that the faith is deeply associated with dalit activism.
Moreover, in showing such magnanimity, Mayawati was subscribing to a
well-established tradition in Indian rulership: generous support of
religious organizations and their monastic members.
Inscriptions
on a pyramidal marble block on the ground floor offer excerpts from
Kanshi Ram’s will that state he wanted Mayawati to light his pyre and
his ashes to be enshrined in the Prerna Kandra. The will also specifies
that Kanshi Ram wanted Mayawati’s cremated remains to be enshrined at
the site, which will thus transform the Prerna Kendra into a political,
dynastic funerary memorial.
on a pyramidal marble block on the ground floor offer excerpts from
Kanshi Ram’s will that state he wanted Mayawati to light his pyre and
his ashes to be enshrined in the Prerna Kandra. The will also specifies
that Kanshi Ram wanted Mayawati’s cremated remains to be enshrined at
the site, which will thus transform the Prerna Kendra into a political,
dynastic funerary memorial.
In
weaving prominent dalit memorials into a land that had denied the
community a presence in space, Mayawati demanded to be recognized.
Weaving dalit corporeal remains into Lucknow’s urban fabric was an even
more assertive gesture. Her sculptural and architectural memorials
suggest permanence and, by extension, the irreversible betterment of her
community. By interring their ashes in the Prerna Kandra, Kanshi Ram
and Mayawati themselves are symbolically eternally present and are
always leading their community toward an ever better future. Mayawati
was voted out of office in early 2012, but her successor Akhilesh Yadav
has affirmed that the new government will not disturb the Awakened
Aboriginal memorials. This is hardly surprising, given that Mayawati
vowed on several occasions that there would be major Awakened Aboriginal
protests and communal unrest if her memorials were destroyed. Her
threat was put to the test immediately after her and Ambedkar’s statues
were vandalized; as she had predicted, her community members retaliated
by peacefully demonstrating and blocking roads in Lucknow. Images have
power, and Mayawati intends to ensure that their messages will be heard
for as long as possible.
weaving prominent dalit memorials into a land that had denied the
community a presence in space, Mayawati demanded to be recognized.
Weaving dalit corporeal remains into Lucknow’s urban fabric was an even
more assertive gesture. Her sculptural and architectural memorials
suggest permanence and, by extension, the irreversible betterment of her
community. By interring their ashes in the Prerna Kandra, Kanshi Ram
and Mayawati themselves are symbolically eternally present and are
always leading their community toward an ever better future. Mayawati
was voted out of office in early 2012, but her successor Akhilesh Yadav
has affirmed that the new government will not disturb the Awakened
Aboriginal memorials. This is hardly surprising, given that Mayawati
vowed on several occasions that there would be major Awakened Aboriginal
protests and communal unrest if her memorials were destroyed. Her
threat was put to the test immediately after her and Ambedkar’s statues
were vandalized; as she had predicted, her community members retaliated
by peacefully demonstrating and blocking roads in Lucknow. Images have
power, and Mayawati intends to ensure that their messages will be heard
for as long as possible.
Kanshi
Ram and Mayawati surely would have been aware of the long history and
potentially legitimizing messages of funerary memorials in India. In
addition to stupās, there are several other types of South Asian
funerary memorials. In Islamic Prabuddha Bharat, rulers commissioned
lavish, monumental tombs for their late fathers. The formal and
decorative programs and construction materials of the Indo-Islamic tombs
helped their royal patrons project their own public identities. Rajput
and Maratha kings similarly memorialized their predecessors through
cenotaphs (chatrīs) with politically charged forms and decoration. By
installing Kanshi Ram’s ashes in the Prerna Kendra, Mayawati
appropriated an established royal Indic practice of architectural
memorialization. Similar to performing a father’s funerary rites,
commissioning his memorial is a legitimizing act in India that
irrefutably establishes dynastic lineage and the transference of
political authority from one generation to the next. Thus, in the Indic
context, a funerary memorial is an index not only of absence (of the
memorialized deceased) but also of presence and legitimate power (of the
memorial’s heir and patron).
Ram and Mayawati surely would have been aware of the long history and
potentially legitimizing messages of funerary memorials in India. In
addition to stupās, there are several other types of South Asian
funerary memorials. In Islamic Prabuddha Bharat, rulers commissioned
lavish, monumental tombs for their late fathers. The formal and
decorative programs and construction materials of the Indo-Islamic tombs
helped their royal patrons project their own public identities. Rajput
and Maratha kings similarly memorialized their predecessors through
cenotaphs (chatrīs) with politically charged forms and decoration. By
installing Kanshi Ram’s ashes in the Prerna Kendra, Mayawati
appropriated an established royal Indic practice of architectural
memorialization. Similar to performing a father’s funerary rites,
commissioning his memorial is a legitimizing act in India that
irrefutably establishes dynastic lineage and the transference of
political authority from one generation to the next. Thus, in the Indic
context, a funerary memorial is an index not only of absence (of the
memorialized deceased) but also of presence and legitimate power (of the
memorial’s heir and patron).
Like
those of many other notable examples of Indian funerary architecture,
the Prerna Kendra’s ultimate message appears to refer more to its patron
than the one memorialized. Perhaps even more than the Ambedkar stupā,
the sculptural program at the Prerna Kendra asserts Mayawati’s charisma
and ability to lead her party. As noted in a lengthy inscription at the
site, the urn with Kanshi Ram’s cremated ashes is contained in a marble
plinth located in the center of the main chamber on the second floor.
The plinth supports three bronze monumental statues in the round. A
life-sized Ambedkar is elevated above flanking eighteen-foot statues of
Kanshi Ram and Mayawati. The triangular composition, with Ambedkar’s
raised position, once again visually reiterates the lineage of
charismatic leadership in Awakened Aboriginal politics.
those of many other notable examples of Indian funerary architecture,
the Prerna Kendra’s ultimate message appears to refer more to its patron
than the one memorialized. Perhaps even more than the Ambedkar stupā,
the sculptural program at the Prerna Kendra asserts Mayawati’s charisma
and ability to lead her party. As noted in a lengthy inscription at the
site, the urn with Kanshi Ram’s cremated ashes is contained in a marble
plinth located in the center of the main chamber on the second floor.
The plinth supports three bronze monumental statues in the round. A
life-sized Ambedkar is elevated above flanking eighteen-foot statues of
Kanshi Ram and Mayawati. The triangular composition, with Ambedkar’s
raised position, once again visually reiterates the lineage of
charismatic leadership in Awakened Aboriginal politics.
The
walls of the Prerna Kendra’s chambers, which are spread over three
floors, are lined with bronze friezes that feature episodes from
Mayawati’s life, with an emphasis on major events in her political
career. Over the three levels of the Prerna Kendra, the friezes’
narrative unfolds in a clockwise direction. Mayawati first appears,
uncharacteristically in a sari, on a frieze with an inscription noting
that it marks her fiftieth birthday and wishing her congratulations. She
then appears with her family in a group portrait as a child (fig. 13);
she studies for her exams with a Buddha image on her bookshelf; she is
sworn in as chief minister (fig. 14); she dines with high-ranking
members of government while in close conversation and laughing (fig.
15), clearly accepted by and completely at ease in these circles of
power. The friezes also depict Mayawati’s major architectural
commissions, again calling attention to her prolific building activity,
which has made dalit public presence conspicuous, material, and
permanent.
walls of the Prerna Kendra’s chambers, which are spread over three
floors, are lined with bronze friezes that feature episodes from
Mayawati’s life, with an emphasis on major events in her political
career. Over the three levels of the Prerna Kendra, the friezes’
narrative unfolds in a clockwise direction. Mayawati first appears,
uncharacteristically in a sari, on a frieze with an inscription noting
that it marks her fiftieth birthday and wishing her congratulations. She
then appears with her family in a group portrait as a child (fig. 13);
she studies for her exams with a Buddha image on her bookshelf; she is
sworn in as chief minister (fig. 14); she dines with high-ranking
members of government while in close conversation and laughing (fig.
15), clearly accepted by and completely at ease in these circles of
power. The friezes also depict Mayawati’s major architectural
commissions, again calling attention to her prolific building activity,
which has made dalit public presence conspicuous, material, and
permanent.
Mayawati and the Indian vice president share a meal at the chief minister’s house in Lucknow. Bronze frieze, Prerna Kendra.
Despite
the fact that the Prerna Kendra houses his ashes, Kanshi Ram himself
makes few appearances in its friezes. When he is depicted, it is during
key events that validate Mayawati’s political power: when he publically
declared her as his successor, and when she cared for him during his
illness as if she were his child. In fact, Kanshi Ram appears most
frequently in the friezes as a corpse and as cremated ashes. Mayawati
first mourns over her mentor’s corpse, she lights his pyre, she places
the cremated ashes on an altar before the Buddha and finally in the
Prerna Kendra (figs. 16, 17). The funerary friezes all carefully record
in Hindi that Kanshi Ram’s last rites were done in accordance with his
wishes
the fact that the Prerna Kendra houses his ashes, Kanshi Ram himself
makes few appearances in its friezes. When he is depicted, it is during
key events that validate Mayawati’s political power: when he publically
declared her as his successor, and when she cared for him during his
illness as if she were his child. In fact, Kanshi Ram appears most
frequently in the friezes as a corpse and as cremated ashes. Mayawati
first mourns over her mentor’s corpse, she lights his pyre, she places
the cremated ashes on an altar before the Buddha and finally in the
Prerna Kendra (figs. 16, 17). The funerary friezes all carefully record
in Hindi that Kanshi Ram’s last rites were done in accordance with his
wishes
Mayawati
helps with the preparations of Kanshi Ram’s corpse: “In accordance with
his wishes, Mayawati oversees everything.” Bronze frieze in the Prerna
Kendra.
helps with the preparations of Kanshi Ram’s corpse: “In accordance with
his wishes, Mayawati oversees everything.” Bronze frieze in the Prerna
Kendra.
The
final frieze in the program presents Mayawati in one of her most
controversial and well-documented performances of charismatic authority
(fig. 18). She is well known and frequently criticized for allowing
herself to be festooned with colossal garlands made from countless one
thousand rupee notes. Each garland has an estimated value of between
$500,000 to $2 million. Since 2010, Mayawati has accepted these money
garlands, which the BSP claims represent donations from party members,
at public events like political rallies and celebrations of Kanshi Ram’s
birthday. In what have become iconic media images, she appears flanked
by aides who hoist the cumbersome money garland over her shoulders.
Mayawati raises one arm and holds her hand in a gesture that parallels
the one displayed by the Ambedkar statues she commissions, again
visually linking these two political figures.
final frieze in the program presents Mayawati in one of her most
controversial and well-documented performances of charismatic authority
(fig. 18). She is well known and frequently criticized for allowing
herself to be festooned with colossal garlands made from countless one
thousand rupee notes. Each garland has an estimated value of between
$500,000 to $2 million. Since 2010, Mayawati has accepted these money
garlands, which the BSP claims represent donations from party members,
at public events like political rallies and celebrations of Kanshi Ram’s
birthday. In what have become iconic media images, she appears flanked
by aides who hoist the cumbersome money garland over her shoulders.
Mayawati raises one arm and holds her hand in a gesture that parallels
the one displayed by the Ambedkar statues she commissions, again
visually linking these two political figures.
Mayawati’s
detractors sharply criticize such performances as vulgar and
inappropriate, particularly because she claims to represent the poorest
and most disadvantaged members of Indian society. Moreover, when she
accepted the garlands, she was chief minister of one of the poorest
states in the nation. Mayawati herself has remained silent on the
subject of the money garlands. However, it is worth considering that,
because dalits historically have been denied access to vast sums of
money and political authority, their chosen representative’s conspicuous
display of both undeniably announces their assertion of their power and
defiance in the face of criticism.
detractors sharply criticize such performances as vulgar and
inappropriate, particularly because she claims to represent the poorest
and most disadvantaged members of Indian society. Moreover, when she
accepted the garlands, she was chief minister of one of the poorest
states in the nation. Mayawati herself has remained silent on the
subject of the money garlands. However, it is worth considering that,
because dalits historically have been denied access to vast sums of
money and political authority, their chosen representative’s conspicuous
display of both undeniably announces their assertion of their power and
defiance in the face of criticism.
In
her performances of such conspicuous displays of wealth Mayawati again
draws from models of ancient Indic kingship, which are being revived by
democratically elected politicians. Weber observed followers’ donations
of large sums of cash and luxury items as recognition of their leaders’
charisma.[59] Beyond signifying Mayawati’s wealth and charismatic
authority, the money garlands are metonyms that signify the prosperity
her community members may now legitimately claim through her leadership.
In models of traditional Indic kingship, the ruler’s body and his state
were to an extent conflated. It was therefore a royal responsibility to
appear in public “in the beauty and dazzle of his person,”[60] to amass
wealth, and stage awesome performances of conspicuous consumption to
convey the well-being of the state. Established in ancient India, royal
acts of conspicuous displays of wealth continued to hold currency into
the colonial period. The practice is enjoying a resurgence under
Jayalalitha[61] and Mayawati. Indian media frequently covers the
spectacular decorations and gifts Jayalalitha’s supporters bestow upon
her during public appearances: her route to the venue is bedecked with
illuminated triumphal arches, her footpath strewn with flowers and the
air perfumed. After mounting a lavishly decorated stage, she is given
gold coins, reminiscent of performances of support by subjects to their
kings, and a silver-plated scepter, a traditional symbol of kingship in
India.[62] Mayawati has claimed that she amasses her personal wealth on
behalf of her community, making her ostentatious displays of wealth
symbols of dalit pride and empowerment.[63]
her performances of such conspicuous displays of wealth Mayawati again
draws from models of ancient Indic kingship, which are being revived by
democratically elected politicians. Weber observed followers’ donations
of large sums of cash and luxury items as recognition of their leaders’
charisma.[59] Beyond signifying Mayawati’s wealth and charismatic
authority, the money garlands are metonyms that signify the prosperity
her community members may now legitimately claim through her leadership.
In models of traditional Indic kingship, the ruler’s body and his state
were to an extent conflated. It was therefore a royal responsibility to
appear in public “in the beauty and dazzle of his person,”[60] to amass
wealth, and stage awesome performances of conspicuous consumption to
convey the well-being of the state. Established in ancient India, royal
acts of conspicuous displays of wealth continued to hold currency into
the colonial period. The practice is enjoying a resurgence under
Jayalalitha[61] and Mayawati. Indian media frequently covers the
spectacular decorations and gifts Jayalalitha’s supporters bestow upon
her during public appearances: her route to the venue is bedecked with
illuminated triumphal arches, her footpath strewn with flowers and the
air perfumed. After mounting a lavishly decorated stage, she is given
gold coins, reminiscent of performances of support by subjects to their
kings, and a silver-plated scepter, a traditional symbol of kingship in
India.[62] Mayawati has claimed that she amasses her personal wealth on
behalf of her community, making her ostentatious displays of wealth
symbols of dalit pride and empowerment.[63]
That
the frieze cycle at the Prerna Kendra concludes with this iconic image
of Mayawati’s power, wealth, and charisma is fitting. As with the
statues and friezes in the Ambedkar stupā, those in the Prerna Kendra
laud the achievements of previous dalit leaders and activists, but
ultimately map a trajectory to Mayawati as their rightful heir. Her
money garlands announce her charisma and the upward mobility she secures
for her community. As with other aspects of her commissions—scale,
semantic content of the inscriptions, durability of materials, and
overall cost—her money-garland frieze surpasses its models.
the frieze cycle at the Prerna Kendra concludes with this iconic image
of Mayawati’s power, wealth, and charisma is fitting. As with the
statues and friezes in the Ambedkar stupā, those in the Prerna Kendra
laud the achievements of previous dalit leaders and activists, but
ultimately map a trajectory to Mayawati as their rightful heir. Her
money garlands announce her charisma and the upward mobility she secures
for her community. As with other aspects of her commissions—scale,
semantic content of the inscriptions, durability of materials, and
overall cost—her money-garland frieze surpasses its models.
Conclusion
Monuments
ensure that the memories of those they commemorate and their patrons
remain. They thus possess enormous potential for communal mobilization,
empowerment, and pride. The Nawabs of Awadh left their impress on
Lucknow’s visual landscape through their imambaras (congregation halls
for Shia commemoration ceremonies for Muharram) and the Rumi Darwaza.
The British are remembered in Lucknow through their Residency and
several government buildings. Mayawati’s memorials now join these sites,
as well as the Taj Mahal, on the official website of the U.P. State
Tourist Board, indicating that they are worth visiting by those seeking
permanent, visual traces of the state’s history.[64]
ensure that the memories of those they commemorate and their patrons
remain. They thus possess enormous potential for communal mobilization,
empowerment, and pride. The Nawabs of Awadh left their impress on
Lucknow’s visual landscape through their imambaras (congregation halls
for Shia commemoration ceremonies for Muharram) and the Rumi Darwaza.
The British are remembered in Lucknow through their Residency and
several government buildings. Mayawati’s memorials now join these sites,
as well as the Taj Mahal, on the official website of the U.P. State
Tourist Board, indicating that they are worth visiting by those seeking
permanent, visual traces of the state’s history.[64]
Whatever
her ultimate political fate and enduring legacy, Mayawati has given
dalits an equitable share in the urban fabric of one of India’s largest
cities. In Lucknow, dalits now have their own monumental spaces, defined
by a communal style of architecture, spaces where they can be ennobled
by the BSP’s version of their history. Mayawati announces messages of
dalit pride and empowerment through a visual language that is at once
recognizably authoritative and unique to the dalit experience. She
claims to speak for her community. In flaunting her command of the very
best materials and artistic skill as well as her lavish displays of
personal wealth, she participates in well-established acts of
upper-class privilege and entitlement.
It is too soon to assess how
successful Mayawati’s commissions will be for her community. Will they
persuade more members of the non-dalit Indian public to accept the
historical figures they commemorate, such as Ambedkar, as national
heroes? To return to Farrar, it remains to be seen if, through
Mayawati’s memorials, dalits actually will be granted a legitimate
history and their voices thus will cease to be “considered marginal to
the main event.” Surely the greatest mark of their success would be if
they could actually alter the quotidian realities of living community
members.
her ultimate political fate and enduring legacy, Mayawati has given
dalits an equitable share in the urban fabric of one of India’s largest
cities. In Lucknow, dalits now have their own monumental spaces, defined
by a communal style of architecture, spaces where they can be ennobled
by the BSP’s version of their history. Mayawati announces messages of
dalit pride and empowerment through a visual language that is at once
recognizably authoritative and unique to the dalit experience. She
claims to speak for her community. In flaunting her command of the very
best materials and artistic skill as well as her lavish displays of
personal wealth, she participates in well-established acts of
upper-class privilege and entitlement.
It is too soon to assess how
successful Mayawati’s commissions will be for her community. Will they
persuade more members of the non-dalit Indian public to accept the
historical figures they commemorate, such as Ambedkar, as national
heroes? To return to Farrar, it remains to be seen if, through
Mayawati’s memorials, dalits actually will be granted a legitimate
history and their voices thus will cease to be “considered marginal to
the main event.” Surely the greatest mark of their success would be if
they could actually alter the quotidian realities of living community
members.
It
appears that Mayawati’s memorials failed in what may have been their
patron’s greatest aim—to secure her continued leadership of Uttar
Pradesh. Perhaps, in the end, her commissions announced her wealth too
well. Her political opponents claim that she focused on her memorials at
the cost of more immediate needs—for example, land reform and grooming
other dalits for leadership. One political commentator alleged,
“Mayawati only made statues. That is her only achievement.”[65]
Although
for now Mayawati has been divested of her political power, there is
wide speculation that she has designs on becoming the prime minister of
India.[66] It is worth considering what impact this would have on the
built environment of New Delhi.
appears that Mayawati’s memorials failed in what may have been their
patron’s greatest aim—to secure her continued leadership of Uttar
Pradesh. Perhaps, in the end, her commissions announced her wealth too
well. Her political opponents claim that she focused on her memorials at
the cost of more immediate needs—for example, land reform and grooming
other dalits for leadership. One political commentator alleged,
“Mayawati only made statues. That is her only achievement.”[65]
Although
for now Mayawati has been divested of her political power, there is
wide speculation that she has designs on becoming the prime minister of
India.[66] It is worth considering what impact this would have on the
built environment of New Delhi.
Filed under: General, Theravada Tipitaka , Plant raw Vegan Broccoli, peppers, cucumbers, carrots
Posted by: site admin @ 1:39 am
Posted by: site admin @ 1:39 am
𝓛𝓔𝓢𝓢𝓞𝓝 4086 Wed 8 Sep 2021
https://www.buddha-vacana.org/
Buddha Vacana
— The words of the Buddha —
http://www.buddhanet.net/dhammapada/d_twin.htm
Positive Words of the Awakened One Buddha in 106) Classical Turkish-Klasik Türk,
Positive Words of the Awakened One Buddha in 30) Classical English,Roman,06) ClassicalDevanagari,Classical Hindi-Devanagari- शास्त्रीय हिंदी,13) Classical Assamese-ধ্ৰুপদী অসমীয়া,17) Classical Bengali-ক্লাসিক্যাল বাংলা,41) Classical Gujarati-ક્લાસિકલ ગુજરાતી,55) Classical Kannada- ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರೀಯ ಕನ್ನಡ,70) Classical Malayalam-ക്ലാസിക്കൽ മലയാളം,73) Classical Marathi-क्लासिकल माओरी,76) Classical Nepali-शास्त्रीय म्यांमार (बर्मा),78) Classical Odia (Oriya),83) Classical Punjabi-ਕਲਾਸੀਕਲ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ,87) Classical Sanskrit छ्लस्सिचल् षन्स्क्रित्,92) Classical Sindhi,102) Classical Tamil-பாரம்பரிய இசைத்தமிழ் செம்மொழி,\104) Classical Telugu- క్లాసికల్ తెలుగు,
109) Classical Urdu- کلاسیکی اردو
Happy to see work progressing for renovating Rohni Buddha Vihara. Wish all Buddhists Donate Liberally for the Good Cause.
Hunger is the worst kind of illness said Awakened One
Let us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space.
Let us encourage all people to Do Good. Grow Broccoli
Pepper Cucumber Carrots Beans in Pots. Fruit Bearing Trees all over the world and in Space. Purify Mind. Lead Hilarious Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.-Online Positive Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention.
Happy Life to Attain Eternal Bliss as Final Goal.-Online Positive Universal Prabuddha Intellectuals Convention. 𝙆𝙪𝙨𝙝𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙧𝙖 𝙉𝙄𝘽𝘽Ā𝙉𝘼 𝘽𝙃𝙐𝙈𝙄 𝙋𝙖𝙜𝙤𝙙𝙖
18𝙛𝙩 𝘿𝙞𝙖. 𝙖 3𝘿 360 𝙙𝙚𝙜𝙧𝙚𝙚 𝙘𝙞𝙧𝙘𝙪𝙡𝙖𝙧 𝙋𝙖𝙜𝙤𝙙𝙖 𝙖𝙩
𝙒𝙝𝙞𝙩𝙚 𝙃𝙤𝙢𝙚,
668 5𝙩𝙝 𝘼 𝙈𝙖𝙞𝙣 𝙍𝙤𝙖𝙙,
8𝙩𝙝 𝘾𝙧𝙤𝙨𝙨, 𝙃𝘼𝙇 𝙄𝙄𝙄 𝙎𝙩𝙖𝙜𝙚,
𝙋𝙪𝙣𝙞𝙮𝙖 𝘽𝙃𝙐𝙈𝙄 𝘽𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙡𝙪𝙧𝙪,
𝙈𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙙𝙝𝙞 𝙆𝙖𝙧𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙠𝙖,
𝙋𝙧𝙖𝙗𝙪𝙙𝙙𝙝𝙖 𝘽𝙝𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩 𝙄𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙖𝙡
𝙝𝙩𝙩𝙥://𝙨𝙖𝙧𝙫𝙖𝙟𝙖𝙣.𝙖𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙙𝙠𝙖𝙧.𝙤𝙧𝙜
𝙗𝙪𝙙𝙙𝙝𝙖𝙨𝙖𝙞𝙙2𝙪𝙨@𝙜𝙢𝙖𝙞𝙡.𝙘𝙤𝙢
𝙟𝙘𝙨4𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙧@𝙤𝙪𝙩𝙡𝙤𝙤𝙠.𝙘𝙤𝙢
𝙟𝙘𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙚𝙠𝙝𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣@𝙮𝙖𝙝𝙤𝙤.𝙘𝙤𝙢
080-25203792
9449260443
9449835975
106) Classical Turkish-Klasik Türk,
Buda’nın Budizm’den Klasik Türk-Klasik Türkçe’deki sözleri
İyi arındırmak
Açlık en kötü hastalık türüdür - Buda
Tencerelerde
brokolis, biber, salatalık, havuç, fasulye, cüce meyve ağaçları
yetiştirin ve meyve taşıyan ağaçlar ASHOKA gibi AMUDHA Surabhi Planet
Earth’in her yerinden ve uzayda. Tohumlar ve fidanlar için bahçecilik ve
orman departmanlarına yaklaşın.
brokolis, biber, salatalık, havuç, fasulye, cüce meyve ağaçları
yetiştirin ve meyve taşıyan ağaçlar ASHOKA gibi AMUDHA Surabhi Planet
Earth’in her yerinden ve uzayda. Tohumlar ve fidanlar için bahçecilik ve
orman departmanlarına yaklaşın.
DN 16 - (D II 137)
Mahāparinibbāna sutta
{Excerpts}
Mahā-parinibbāna’daki Buda’nın son talimatları
Bu
Sutta, buda’nın geçtikten sonra takipçilerin uğruna verdiği çeşitli
talimatlar toplar, bu da bizim için bizim için çok önemli bir talimat
kümesi olduğunu söylüyor.
Sutta, buda’nın geçtikten sonra takipçilerin uğruna verdiği çeşitli
talimatlar toplar, bu da bizim için bizim için çok önemli bir talimat
kümesi olduğunu söylüyor.
Dhammma
denilen Dhamma’daki söylemde, hangi ariyasāvaka, eğer arzu ediyorsa,
kendisini ilan edebilir: ‘benim için, daha fazla Niraya yok, artık
tiracchāna-yoni yok, artık pettivisaya yok, hayır, hayır. Daha fazla
mutsuzluk durumu, talihsizlik, sefalet, ben bir Sotāpanna, ben bir
Sotāpanna, Sambodhi’ye yönelik olan, Sambodhi’ye kadar olan Misery
Devletlerinden özgür.
denilen Dhamma’daki söylemde, hangi ariyasāvaka, eğer arzu ediyorsa,
kendisini ilan edebilir: ‘benim için, daha fazla Niraya yok, artık
tiracchāna-yoni yok, artık pettivisaya yok, hayır, hayır. Daha fazla
mutsuzluk durumu, talihsizlik, sefalet, ben bir Sotāpanna, ben bir
Sotāpanna, Sambodhi’ye yönelik olan, Sambodhi’ye kadar olan Misery
Devletlerinden özgür.
Ve ne, ānanda,
Bu,
Ariyasāvaka’nın, eğer arzu ettiği, eğer kendisini ilan edebileceği
Dhammādāsa olarak adlandırılan Dhamma’da söylemin kendisini ilan
edebilir: ‘Benim için, daha fazla Niraya yok, artık tiracchāna-yoni yok,
daha fazla Pettivisaya yok, artık durumu yok. Mutsuzluk, talihsizlik,
sefalet, I. bir Sotāpanna, Sambodhi’ye yönelik, Sambodhi’ye kadar olan
Misery eyaletiden kurtulun.
Ariyasāvaka’nın, eğer arzu ettiği, eğer kendisini ilan edebileceği
Dhammādāsa olarak adlandırılan Dhamma’da söylemin kendisini ilan
edebilir: ‘Benim için, daha fazla Niraya yok, artık tiracchāna-yoni yok,
daha fazla Pettivisaya yok, artık durumu yok. Mutsuzluk, talihsizlik,
sefalet, I. bir Sotāpanna, Sambodhi’ye yönelik, Sambodhi’ye kadar olan
Misery eyaletiden kurtulun.
Burada, Bir Ariyasāvaka, Budde Aveccappasāda ile donatılmıştır:
Dhamme AVECCappasāda ile donatılmıştır:
Saṅghe aveccappasāda ile donatılmıştır:
Ariyaslara uygun bir sīla ile dondurulur,
Bu,
ānanda, Dhammma adlı Dhamma’nın söylendiği Dhamma’yı, hangi
Ariyasāvaka, eğer arzu ediyorsa, kendisini ilan edebilir: ‘benim için,
daha fazla Niraya yok, artık tiracchāna-yoni yok, daha fazla Pettivisaya
yok. , daha fazla mutsuzluk hali yok, talihsizlik, sefalet, Sambodhi’ye
yönelik olarak, Sambodhi’ye kadar olan, Sambodhi’nin kesinleşen bir
Sotāpanna’yıyım.
ānanda, Dhammma adlı Dhamma’nın söylendiği Dhamma’yı, hangi
Ariyasāvaka, eğer arzu ediyorsa, kendisini ilan edebilir: ‘benim için,
daha fazla Niraya yok, artık tiracchāna-yoni yok, daha fazla Pettivisaya
yok. , daha fazla mutsuzluk hali yok, talihsizlik, sefalet, Sambodhi’ye
yönelik olarak, Sambodhi’ye kadar olan, Sambodhi’nin kesinleşen bir
Sotāpanna’yıyım.
Sato kalmalı mıyım, Bhikkhus ve Sampajānos. Bu size intremiz.
Ve nasıl, Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu Sato’dur? Burada, Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu
Böylece Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu Sato’dur. Ve Nasıl, Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu Sampajāno? Burada, Bhikkhus,
Böylece Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu Sampajāno’dur. Sato kalmalı mıyım, Bhikkhus ve Sampajānos. Bu size intremiz.
- Ananda, ikiz sala
Ağaçlar,
çiçeklenme mevsimi olmasa da, ağaçların tam karşısında. Çiçekleri
Tathagata’nın gövdesinde yağmur yağar ve dağınık ve dağınık ve
Tathagata’yı ibadet etmeye başlar. Ve göksel mercan çiçekler ve gökten
gökten Sandal ağacı tozu Tathagata’nın gövdesi üzerine yağmur yağar ve
damla ve dağınıklık ve dağınıklardır. Ve cennetsel seslerin sesi ve
cennetsel araçların sesi, Tathagata için saygı gösteren havada müzik
yapar.
çiçeklenme mevsimi olmasa da, ağaçların tam karşısında. Çiçekleri
Tathagata’nın gövdesinde yağmur yağar ve dağınık ve dağınık ve
Tathagata’yı ibadet etmeye başlar. Ve göksel mercan çiçekler ve gökten
gökten Sandal ağacı tozu Tathagata’nın gövdesi üzerine yağmur yağar ve
damla ve dağınıklık ve dağınıklardır. Ve cennetsel seslerin sesi ve
cennetsel araçların sesi, Tathagata için saygı gösteren havada müzik
yapar.
Bu
tarafından değil, Tathāgata’nın saygı duyulması, saygın, saygın, ödenen
saygı ve onurlandırılmasıdır. Ancak, Ananda, herhangi bir Bhikkhu veya
Bhikkhuni, Layman veya Laywoman, Kalan Dhamm’ānudhamma’p'paṭipanna,
Sāmīci’p'paṭipanna,
tarafından değil, Tathāgata’nın saygı duyulması, saygın, saygın, ödenen
saygı ve onurlandırılmasıdır. Ancak, Ananda, herhangi bir Bhikkhu veya
Bhikkhuni, Layman veya Laywoman, Kalan Dhamm’ānudhamma’p'paṭipanna,
Sāmīci’p'paṭipanna,
Dhamma’ya
uygun olarak yaşamak, bu saygı, saygı gösterdiği, esteems, saygı
duyuyor ve Tathāgata’yı en mükemmel saygı ile onurlandırıyor. Bu
nedenle, ānanda, kendinizi eğitmelisiniz: ‘Dhamm’ānudhamma’p'paṭipanna,
Sāmīci’p'paṭipanna, Dhamma’ya uygun olarak yaşayacağız.
uygun olarak yaşamak, bu saygı, saygı gösterdiği, esteems, saygı
duyuyor ve Tathāgata’yı en mükemmel saygı ile onurlandırıyor. Bu
nedenle, ānanda, kendinizi eğitmelisiniz: ‘Dhamm’ānudhamma’p'paṭipanna,
Sāmīci’p'paṭipanna, Dhamma’ya uygun olarak yaşayacağız.
Bhagawan Buddha diyor ki
“Kardeşlerim,
yoldaki bir kişinin önlenmesi gereken bu iki uç noktalar var. Hangi
ikisi? Biri kendini şehvetli zevklere dalmaktır. Ve diğeri,
ihtiyaçlarının cesedini mahrum eden tasarruf uygulamaktır. Bu aşırı
uçların her ikisi de başarısızlığa yol açar.
yoldaki bir kişinin önlenmesi gereken bu iki uç noktalar var. Hangi
ikisi? Biri kendini şehvetli zevklere dalmaktır. Ve diğeri,
ihtiyaçlarının cesedini mahrum eden tasarruf uygulamaktır. Bu aşırı
uçların her ikisi de başarısızlığa yol açar.
“Keşfettiğim
yol, her iki aşırılıktan kaçınan ve birinin anlayışa, kurtuluş ve
barışa yol açma kapasitesine sahip olan orta yoldur. Doğru anlayış,
doğru düşünce, doğru konuşma, doğru eylem, doğru geçim, doğru çabanın,
doğru farkındalık ve doğru konsantrasyonun asil sekiz katı yoludur. Bu
asil sekiz kat yolu takip ettim ve anlayış, kurtuluş ve barış
gerçekleştirdi.
yol, her iki aşırılıktan kaçınan ve birinin anlayışa, kurtuluş ve
barışa yol açma kapasitesine sahip olan orta yoldur. Doğru anlayış,
doğru düşünce, doğru konuşma, doğru eylem, doğru geçim, doğru çabanın,
doğru farkındalık ve doğru konsantrasyonun asil sekiz katı yoludur. Bu
asil sekiz kat yolu takip ettim ve anlayış, kurtuluş ve barış
gerçekleştirdi.
Birincisi,
acı çekmenin varlığıdır. Doğum, yaşlılık, hastalık ve ölüm acı çekiyor.
Üzüntü, öfke, kıskançlık, endişe, endişe, korku ve umutsuzluk acı
çekiyor. Sevdiklerinden ayrılma, acı çekiyor. Sevmediğiniz kişilerle
ilişki kurmak acı çekmek. Arzu, ek ve beş agrega’ya yapışarak acı
çekiyor.
acı çekmenin varlığıdır. Doğum, yaşlılık, hastalık ve ölüm acı çekiyor.
Üzüntü, öfke, kıskançlık, endişe, endişe, korku ve umutsuzluk acı
çekiyor. Sevdiklerinden ayrılma, acı çekiyor. Sevmediğiniz kişilerle
ilişki kurmak acı çekmek. Arzu, ek ve beş agrega’ya yapışarak acı
çekiyor.
“Kardeşler, ikinci gerçek acı çekmenin nedenini ortaya koyuyor.
Cehalet nedeniyle, insanlar yaşam hakkındaki gerçeği göremezler ve arzu,
öfke, kıskançlık, keder, endişe, korku ve umutsuzluk alevlerine
yakalanırlar.
“Kardeşler, üçüncü gerçek, acı çekmenin durmasıdır.
Yaşamın gerçeğini anlamak, her kederin ve üzüntülerin durdurulmasını sağlar ve barış ve neşeye yol açar.
“Kardeşler, dördüncü gerçek, ıstırabın durdurulmasına yol açan
yoldur. Az önce açıkladığım asil sekiz kat yoldur. Asil sekiz kat yol
zihinsel olarak yaşayarak beslenir. Dikkat, konsantrasyona ve anlayışa
yol açar, sizi her acı ve kederden kurtarır ve barış ve neşeye yol açar.
Bu gerçekleştirme yolu boyunca size rehberlik edeceğim.
“Vizyon ortaya çıktı, içgörü ortaya çıktı, ayırt etme, bilgi ortaya
çıktı, aydınlatma, hiçbir zaman daha önce hiç duymadıkları şeylerle
ilgili olarak yanımda ortaya çıktı: ‘Bu asil stresin gerçeği kavradı.’
“Stresin
durdurulmasının asil gerçeği: tam solma ve bırakma, vazgeçme, vazgeçme,
serbest bırakma ve bu çok özlem bırakma. Stresin durdurulmasının bu
asil gerçeği gerçekleştirildi. Bu, stresin durmasına yol açan pratik
yolunun asil gerçeğidir.
durdurulmasının asil gerçeği: tam solma ve bırakma, vazgeçme, vazgeçme,
serbest bırakma ve bu çok özlem bırakma. Stresin durdurulmasının bu
asil gerçeği gerçekleştirildi. Bu, stresin durmasına yol açan pratik
yolunun asil gerçeğidir.
“Bilgi
ve vizyonum bu dört asil gerçeği ile ilgili olanlarımın en kısa sürede,
gerçekte saftıcıydı, daha sonra tüm görünmeyen kılavuzları,
tefekkürleriyle, kozmosun kozmosunda mükemmel uyanışa doğrudan
uyandırdığını iddia ettim. Brahmans, telif hakkı ve commonfolk. Bilgi ve
vizyon içimde ortaya çıktı: ‘Unshakable benim yayınım. Bu benim son
doğumum. Şimdi yenilenen varoluş yok. “
ve vizyonum bu dört asil gerçeği ile ilgili olanlarımın en kısa sürede,
gerçekte saftıcıydı, daha sonra tüm görünmeyen kılavuzları,
tefekkürleriyle, kozmosun kozmosunda mükemmel uyanışa doğrudan
uyandırdığını iddia ettim. Brahmans, telif hakkı ve commonfolk. Bilgi ve
vizyon içimde ortaya çıktı: ‘Unshakable benim yayınım. Bu benim son
doğumum. Şimdi yenilenen varoluş yok. “
Siddhartha,
dört asil gerçeği açıklarken, keşişlerden biri olan Konnanna, aniden
kendi aklında harika bir parlıyordu. Çok uzun zamandır istediği
kurtuluşun tadına bakabilirdi. Yüzü neşeyle ışınlandı. Buda onunla
işaret etti ve ağladı, “Kondanna! Sende var! Sende var!”
dört asil gerçeği açıklarken, keşişlerden biri olan Konnanna, aniden
kendi aklında harika bir parlıyordu. Çok uzun zamandır istediği
kurtuluşun tadına bakabilirdi. Yüzü neşeyle ışınlandı. Buda onunla
işaret etti ve ağladı, “Kondanna! Sende var! Sende var!”
Kondave
avuç içi katıldı ve Siddhartha’dan önce eğildi. En derin saygı ile
konuştu, “Varable Gautama, lütfen beni öğrenciniz olarak kabul et. Bunu
rehberliğin altında, büyük uyanışa ulaşacağım. “
avuç içi katıldı ve Siddhartha’dan önce eğildi. En derin saygı ile
konuştu, “Varable Gautama, lütfen beni öğrenciniz olarak kabul et. Bunu
rehberliğin altında, büyük uyanışa ulaşacağım. “
Diğer
dört keşiş de Siddhartha’nın ayaklarına eğildi, avuçlarına katıldı ve
öğrencilerden alınmaları istendi. Siddhartha, “Kardeşler! Köyün
çocukları bana ‘Buda “adını verdi. Sen de beni bu isimden arayabilirsin.
“
dört keşiş de Siddhartha’nın ayaklarına eğildi, avuçlarına katıldı ve
öğrencilerden alınmaları istendi. Siddhartha, “Kardeşler! Köyün
çocukları bana ‘Buda “adını verdi. Sen de beni bu isimden arayabilirsin.
“
Kondanna, “Buda ‘’, ‘Uyandırılan Kişi’ anlamına mı geliyordu?” Diye sordu.
“Bu doğrudur ve ‘Uyanma şekli” olarak keşfettiğim yolu ararlar. Bu isim hakkında ne düşünüyorsunuz? “
“‘Uyanmış
biri’! ‘Uyanma şekli’! Müthiş! Müthiş! Bu isimler doğru, ama basit.
Mutlu bir şekilde size Buda’yı arayacağız ve uyanış yolunu keşfettiğiniz
yol. Söylediğiniz gibi, her gün akıllıca yaşamak, manevi uygulamanın
temelindedir. ” Beş rahibe, Gautama’yı öğretmenleri olarak kabul etmek
ve ona buda olarak adlandırmak için bir zihintiydi.
biri’! ‘Uyanma şekli’! Müthiş! Müthiş! Bu isimler doğru, ama basit.
Mutlu bir şekilde size Buda’yı arayacağız ve uyanış yolunu keşfettiğiniz
yol. Söylediğiniz gibi, her gün akıllıca yaşamak, manevi uygulamanın
temelindedir. ” Beş rahibe, Gautama’yı öğretmenleri olarak kabul etmek
ve ona buda olarak adlandırmak için bir zihintiydi.
Buda
onlara gülümsedi. ” Lütfen, kardeşler, açık ve akıllı bir ruhla pratik
yapın ve üç ay içinde kurtuluşun meyvesine ulaştınız. ”
onlara gülümsedi. ” Lütfen, kardeşler, açık ve akıllı bir ruhla pratik
yapın ve üç ay içinde kurtuluşun meyvesine ulaştınız. ”
The Story of Buddha ( Lord Buddha Stories - A Vision of Peace )
BİLDİĞİN GİBİ DEĞİL
12.8K subscribers
The Story of Buddha
Lord Buddha Stories - A Vision of Peace
Lord Buddha - Birth of the Buddha (The Life of Buddha)
About
two and a half thousand years ago, a young man made a decision that
changed his life. He left her house in the middle of the night…
two and a half thousand years ago, a young man made a decision that
changed his life. He left her house in the middle of the night…
Help us caption & translate this video! Please
The
life story of the Buddha begins in Lumbini, near the border of Nepal
and India, about 2,500 years ago, where the man Siddharta Gautama was
born.
life story of the Buddha begins in Lumbini, near the border of Nepal
and India, about 2,500 years ago, where the man Siddharta Gautama was
born.
Although born a
prince, he realized that conditioned experiences could not provide
lasting happiness or protection from suffering. After a long spiritual
search he went into deep meditation, where he realized the nature of
mind. He achieved the state of unconditional and lasting happiness: the
state of enlightenment, of buddhahood. This state of mind is free from
disturbing emotions and expresses itself through fearlessness, joy and
active compassion. For the rest of his life, the Buddha taught anyone
who asked how they could reach the same state.
prince, he realized that conditioned experiences could not provide
lasting happiness or protection from suffering. After a long spiritual
search he went into deep meditation, where he realized the nature of
mind. He achieved the state of unconditional and lasting happiness: the
state of enlightenment, of buddhahood. This state of mind is free from
disturbing emotions and expresses itself through fearlessness, joy and
active compassion. For the rest of his life, the Buddha taught anyone
who asked how they could reach the same state.
Buda’nın kendi sözcüğü, farkındalığa katılmakla ilgili alıntılar
Mahā + Satipaṭṭhāna
Dinler, yarışlar, kaleler, eşitsizlikler,
Vardı
Varmı
Ve
Orada olmaya devam edecek!
Dr.r.Bambedkar Gök gürültüsü “Ana Bharat Baudhmay Karunga.” (Bu ülkeyi budayı yapacağım)
Bütün
Aborjin, uyanmış toplumlar çok komik bir şekilde “Hum Prapanch
Prabuddha Prapanchmayi Karege”. (Bütün dünya prabuddha prapanch
yapacağız
Aborjin, uyanmış toplumlar çok komik bir şekilde “Hum Prapanch
Prabuddha Prapanchmayi Karege”. (Bütün dünya prabuddha prapanch
yapacağız
Bu yoluyla olacak
ÜCRETSİZ
Çevrimiçi Prabuddha Entelektüeller Sözleşmesi, tüm toplumlar için
refah, mutluluk ve barış için kendi sözlerini uyandırdı. İtirazlılık,
elemanlar, Dokuz chearnel alanı, Vedanā ve Citta
Çevrimiçi Prabuddha Entelektüeller Sözleşmesi, tüm toplumlar için
refah, mutluluk ve barış için kendi sözlerini uyandırdı. İtirazlılık,
elemanlar, Dokuz chearnel alanı, Vedanā ve Citta
Sonra
Dinler, Yarışlar, Gönderiler ve Eşitsizlikler
Orada olmayacak!
Tipitaka
DN 22 - (D II 290)
Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna Sutta
Buda’nın farkındalığına katılmak
Mahā + Satipaṭṭhāna
Bu Sutta, meditasyon uygulaması için ana referans olarak yaygın olarak kabul edilir.
Tanıtım
I. Kāya gözlemi
A. Bölüm 1
B. Duruşlar bölümünde
C. Sampajañña ile ilgili bölüm
D. İtirazlarken
E. Elementler Üzerindeki Bölüm
F. Dokuz chearnel gerekçeseki bölüm
II. Vedanā gözlemi
Tanıtım
Böylece duydum:
Bir keresinde, Bhagavā, Kurus’un pazar kasabası olan Kamfāsadhamma’daki Kurus arasında kalıyordu. Orada Bhikkhus’a hitap etti:
- Bhikkhus.
- Bhaddante bhikkhus’a cevap verdi. Bhagavā dedi ki:
- Bu,
Bhikkhus, saflaştırılmasından başka hiçbir şeye yol açan yoldur.
ANAHTARLAR,
Keder ve Lamentation’ın üstesinden gelmesi, Dukkha-Domanassa’nın
ortadan kaybolması, doğru yolun sağlanması, Nibbāna’nın gerçekleşmesi,
yani dört satipaṭṭhānas demek.
Keder ve Lamentation’ın üstesinden gelmesi, Dukkha-Domanassa’nın
ortadan kaybolması, doğru yolun sağlanması, Nibbāna’nın gerçekleşmesi,
yani dört satipaṭṭhānas demek.
Hangisi dört?
Burada, Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemleyen yaşıyor, ātāpī
Sampajāno, Satimā, Abhijjhā-Domanassa’ya dünyaya doğru verildi.
Veyanā,
ātāpī Sampajāno, Satimā’daki VeDanā, dünyaya karşı
Abhijjhā-Domanassa’dan vazgeçti. Citta, ātāpī Sampajāno, Satimā’daki
Citta, Abhijjhā-Domanassa’ya dünyaya doğru gözettiklerini gözlemliyor.
Dhamma · S, ātāpī Sampajāno, Satimā’daki Dhamma · S, ātāpī Sampajāno,
Abhijjhā-Domanassa’nın dünyaya doğru gözetlendiğini görüyor.
ātāpī Sampajāno, Satimā’daki VeDanā, dünyaya karşı
Abhijjhā-Domanassa’dan vazgeçti. Citta, ātāpī Sampajāno, Satimā’daki
Citta, Abhijjhā-Domanassa’ya dünyaya doğru gözettiklerini gözlemliyor.
Dhamma · S, ātāpī Sampajāno, Satimā’daki Dhamma · S, ātāpī Sampajāno,
Abhijjhā-Domanassa’nın dünyaya doğru gözetlendiğini görüyor.
I. Kāyānupassanā
A. Bölüm 1
Ve
Bhikkhus,
Bhikkhu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemiyor mu? Burada, Bhikkhus, bir
Bhikkhu, ormana gitmiş ya da bir ağacın kökenine gitmiş ya da boş bir
odaya gitmiş, bacakları çapraz olarak katlanırken, Kāya Dik ve Sati
Parimukhaṃ ayarını ayarlar. Böylece sato, nefes alır, böylece Sato’da
nefes alır. Uzun zamandır nefes alıyor: ‘Uzun zamandır nefes alıyorum’;
uzun süre nefes almak, ‘uzun nefes alıyorum’; Kısacası nefes alıyor:
‘Kısacası nefes alıyorum’; Kısa nefes almak o anlar: ‘Kısa nefes
alıyorum’; Kendisini eğitiyor: ‘Kāya’yı hissediyorum, nefes alacağım’;
Kendisini eğitiyor: ‘Bütün Kāya’yı hissetmek, nefes alacağım’; Kendisini
eğitiyor: ‘Kāya-Saṅkhāras’ı sakinleştirerek, nefes alacağım’; Kendisini
eğitiyor: ‘Kāya-Saṅkhāras’ı sakinleştirerek, nefes alacağım’.
Bhikkhu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemiyor mu? Burada, Bhikkhus, bir
Bhikkhu, ormana gitmiş ya da bir ağacın kökenine gitmiş ya da boş bir
odaya gitmiş, bacakları çapraz olarak katlanırken, Kāya Dik ve Sati
Parimukhaṃ ayarını ayarlar. Böylece sato, nefes alır, böylece Sato’da
nefes alır. Uzun zamandır nefes alıyor: ‘Uzun zamandır nefes alıyorum’;
uzun süre nefes almak, ‘uzun nefes alıyorum’; Kısacası nefes alıyor:
‘Kısacası nefes alıyorum’; Kısa nefes almak o anlar: ‘Kısa nefes
alıyorum’; Kendisini eğitiyor: ‘Kāya’yı hissediyorum, nefes alacağım’;
Kendisini eğitiyor: ‘Bütün Kāya’yı hissetmek, nefes alacağım’; Kendisini
eğitiyor: ‘Kāya-Saṅkhāras’ı sakinleştirerek, nefes alacağım’; Kendisini
eğitiyor: ‘Kāya-Saṅkhāras’ı sakinleştirerek, nefes alacağım’.
Sadece
Bhikkhus,
yetenekli bir Turner veya Turner’ın çırağı, uzun bir dönüş yapma,
anlar: ‘Uzun bir dönüş yapıyorum’; Kısa bir dönüş yapmak, anlar: ‘Kısa
bir dönüş yapıyorum’; Aynı şekilde, Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu, uzun zamandır
nefes alıyor, ‘Uzun zamandır nefes alıyorum’; uzun süre nefes alıyor:
‘Uzun nefes alıyorum’; Kısacası nefes alıyor: ‘Kısacası nefes alıyorum’;
Kısa nefes almak o anlar: ‘Kısa nefes alıyorum’; Kendisini eğitiyor:
‘Bütün Kāya’yı hissetmek, nefes alacağım’; Kendisini eğitiyor: ‘Bütün
Kāya’yı hissetmek, nefes alacağım’; Kendisini eğitiyor:
‘Kāya-Saṅkhāras’ı sakinleştirerek, nefes alacağım’; Kendisini eğitiyor:
‘Kāya-Saṅkhāras’ı sakinleştirerek, nefes alacağım’.
yetenekli bir Turner veya Turner’ın çırağı, uzun bir dönüş yapma,
anlar: ‘Uzun bir dönüş yapıyorum’; Kısa bir dönüş yapmak, anlar: ‘Kısa
bir dönüş yapıyorum’; Aynı şekilde, Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu, uzun zamandır
nefes alıyor, ‘Uzun zamandır nefes alıyorum’; uzun süre nefes alıyor:
‘Uzun nefes alıyorum’; Kısacası nefes alıyor: ‘Kısacası nefes alıyorum’;
Kısa nefes almak o anlar: ‘Kısa nefes alıyorum’; Kendisini eğitiyor:
‘Bütün Kāya’yı hissetmek, nefes alacağım’; Kendisini eğitiyor: ‘Bütün
Kāya’yı hissetmek, nefes alacağım’; Kendisini eğitiyor:
‘Kāya-Saṅkhāras’ı sakinleştirerek, nefes alacağım’; Kendisini eğitiyor:
‘Kāya-Saṅkhāras’ı sakinleştirerek, nefes alacağım’.
Böylece Dahili olarak Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar,
ya
da Kāya’yı harici olarak Kāya’da gözlemlemeyi yaşadı ya da dahili ve
dışarıdan Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
Samudaya’yı gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini
gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki
fenomenlerin geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu
Kāya!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur,
sakinleşti ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir
Bhikkhu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
da Kāya’yı harici olarak Kāya’da gözlemlemeyi yaşadı ya da dahili ve
dışarıdan Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
Samudaya’yı gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini
gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki
fenomenlerin geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu
Kāya!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur,
sakinleşti ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir
Bhikkhu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
B. Iriyāpatha Pabba
Üstelik,
Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu, yürürken, anlar: ‘Yürüdüm’ ya da
Dururken anlarken: ‘Ben ayakta duruyorum’ ya da otururken
Anlar:
‘Oturuyorum’, ya da uzanırken anlarken: ‘uzanıyorum’. Ya da, Kāya’nın
hangi pozisyonunda yerleştirilse, buna göre anlıyor.
‘Oturuyorum’, ya da uzanırken anlarken: ‘uzanıyorum’. Ya da, Kāya’nın
hangi pozisyonunda yerleştirilse, buna göre anlıyor.
C. Sampajañña ile ilgili bölüm
Üstelik,
Bhikkhus,
bir Bhikkhu, yaklaşırken ve ayrılırken, Sampajañña ile birlikte hareket
eder, ileriye bakarken ve etrafa bakarken, Sampajañña ile birlikte
hareket eder, bükülürken ve germe sırasında, bornozlar ve üst bornozlar
giyerken ve taşırken Sampajañña ile hareket eder. Kase, Sampajañña ile
birlikte davranırken, içerken, çiğnenirken, tadvurken, tadvurken,
Sampajañña ile hareket ederken, dışkılama ve idrar yapma işine
katılırken, Sampajañña ile birlikte yürürken, dururken, otururken,
otururken Uyanırken, uyanırken, konuşurken ve sessizken, Sampajañña ile
hareket eder.
bir Bhikkhu, yaklaşırken ve ayrılırken, Sampajañña ile birlikte hareket
eder, ileriye bakarken ve etrafa bakarken, Sampajañña ile birlikte
hareket eder, bükülürken ve germe sırasında, bornozlar ve üst bornozlar
giyerken ve taşırken Sampajañña ile hareket eder. Kase, Sampajañña ile
birlikte davranırken, içerken, çiğnenirken, tadvurken, tadvurken,
Sampajañña ile hareket ederken, dışkılama ve idrar yapma işine
katılırken, Sampajañña ile birlikte yürürken, dururken, otururken,
otururken Uyanırken, uyanırken, konuşurken ve sessizken, Sampajañña ile
hareket eder.
Böylece Kāya’da dahili olarak Kāya’yı gözlemleyerek ya da
Kāya’da
Kāya’da harici olarak gözlemleyerek ya da dahili ve dışarıdan Kāya’da
Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin Samudaya’yı
gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini gözlemlemeyi
yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu Kāya!” Sati,
sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur, sakinleşti ve
dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu,
Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
Kāya’da harici olarak gözlemleyerek ya da dahili ve dışarıdan Kāya’da
Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin Samudaya’yı
gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini gözlemlemeyi
yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu Kāya!” Sati,
sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur, sakinleşti ve
dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu,
Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
D. İtirazlarken
Üstelik,
Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu, bu cesedi, tabanlarından görüyor.
Feet
yukarı ve saçtan, cildinde, cildinden sınırlandırılmış ve çeşitli
safsızlıklarla doludur: “Bu Kāya’da, kafanın kılları, vücudun kılları,
çiviler, dişler, cilt, eti ,
yukarı ve saçtan, cildinde, cildinden sınırlandırılmış ve çeşitli
safsızlıklarla doludur: “Bu Kāya’da, kafanın kılları, vücudun kılları,
çiviler, dişler, cilt, eti ,
tendonlar, kemikler, kemik iliği, böbrekler, kalp, karaciğer, plevra, dalak,
Akciğerler, bağırsaklar, mezenterlik, içeriği, dışkı, safra,
balgam, irin, kan, ter, yağ, gözyaşı, gres, tükürük, nazal mukus,
sinovyal sıvı ve idrar. “
Bhikkhus
gibi, Bhikkhus, iki açıklığa sahip bir çanta vardı ve Hill-Paddy,
Paddy, Mung fasulye, inek bezelye, susam tohumu ve kabuklu pirinç gibi
çeşitli tahıllarla dolu bir çanta vardı. İyi görme olan bir adam, onu
açmış, [içeriğini] düşünürdü: “Bu tepe-çeltik, bu çeltik, bunlar maşa
fasulyesi, bunlar inek bezelyedir, bunlar susam tohumlarıdır ve bu
kabuklu pirinçtir;” Aynı şekilde, Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu, bu cesedi,
ayakların tabanlarından ve saçtan baştan aşağıya bakar.
gibi, Bhikkhus, iki açıklığa sahip bir çanta vardı ve Hill-Paddy,
Paddy, Mung fasulye, inek bezelye, susam tohumu ve kabuklu pirinç gibi
çeşitli tahıllarla dolu bir çanta vardı. İyi görme olan bir adam, onu
açmış, [içeriğini] düşünürdü: “Bu tepe-çeltik, bu çeltik, bunlar maşa
fasulyesi, bunlar inek bezelyedir, bunlar susam tohumlarıdır ve bu
kabuklu pirinçtir;” Aynı şekilde, Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu, bu cesedi,
ayakların tabanlarından ve saçtan baştan aşağıya bakar.
Cildi tarafından sınırlandırılır ve çeşitli safsızlıklarla doludur:
“Bu Kāya’da, kafanın kılları, vücudun kılları var.
çiviler,
dişler, cilt, et, tendonlar, kemikler, kemik iliği, böbrekler, kalp,
karaciğer, plevra, dalak, ciğerleri, bağırsakları, meze, feci, safra,
balgam, puş, kan, ter, yağ, gözyaşları, gres, tükürük, nazal mukus,
sinovyal sıvı ve idrar. “
dişler, cilt, et, tendonlar, kemikler, kemik iliği, böbrekler, kalp,
karaciğer, plevra, dalak, ciğerleri, bağırsakları, meze, feci, safra,
balgam, puş, kan, ter, yağ, gözyaşları, gres, tükürük, nazal mukus,
sinovyal sıvı ve idrar. “
Böylece Kāya’da dahili olarak Kāya’yı gözlemleyerek ya da
Kāya’da
Kāya’da harici olarak gözlemleyerek ya da dahili ve dışarıdan Kāya’da
Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin Samudaya’yı
gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini gözlemlemeyi
yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu Kāya!” Sati,
sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında sunuyor, müstakildi ve
dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu,
Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
Kāya’da harici olarak gözlemleyerek ya da dahili ve dışarıdan Kāya’da
Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin Samudaya’yı
gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini gözlemlemeyi
yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu Kāya!” Sati,
sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında sunuyor, müstakildi ve
dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu,
Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
E. Elementler Üzerindeki Bölüm
Üstelik,
Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu, bu Kāya’yı yansıtır, ancak yerleştirilir,
Ancak atılır: “Bu Kāya’da, Dünya Elemanı var,
Su elemanı, yangın elemanı ve hava elemanı. “
Tıpkı
Bhikkhus, yetenekli bir kasap ya da bir kasapın çırağı, bir ineği
öldüren, bir kavşakta parçalara ayırır; Aynı şekilde, Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu,
Bhikkhu’nun çok kāya’yı yansıtıyor, ancak yerleştirilir, ancak
“thkāya’da, toprak elemanı, su elemanı, yangın elemanı ve hava elemanı
var.”
Bhikkhus, yetenekli bir kasap ya da bir kasapın çırağı, bir ineği
öldüren, bir kavşakta parçalara ayırır; Aynı şekilde, Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu,
Bhikkhu’nun çok kāya’yı yansıtıyor, ancak yerleştirilir, ancak
“thkāya’da, toprak elemanı, su elemanı, yangın elemanı ve hava elemanı
var.”
Böylece Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar ya da dışarıdan Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar ya da o yaşar.
Kāya’da
dahili ve harici olarak Kāya’yı gözlemlemek; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
Samudaya’yı gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini
gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki
fenomenlerin geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu
Kāya!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur,
müstakildiler ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmaz. Bu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı
gözlemlemeyi yaşar;
dahili ve harici olarak Kāya’yı gözlemlemek; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
Samudaya’yı gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini
gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki
fenomenlerin geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu
Kāya!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur,
müstakildiler ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmaz. Bu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı
gözlemlemeyi yaşar;
(1)
Üstelik,
Bhikkhus,
Bhikkhu, sanki bir ceset görüyormuş gibi, bir gün ölü, bir gün ölü ya
da iki gün ölü ya da üç gün ölü, şişmiş, mavimsi ve şenlikli, bu çok
Kāya’yı görüyordu: “Bu Kāya Ayrıca böyle bir doğada, böyle olacak ve
böyle bir durumda ücretsiz değil. “
Bhikkhu, sanki bir ceset görüyormuş gibi, bir gün ölü, bir gün ölü ya
da iki gün ölü ya da üç gün ölü, şişmiş, mavimsi ve şenlikli, bu çok
Kāya’yı görüyordu: “Bu Kāya Ayrıca böyle bir doğada, böyle olacak ve
böyle bir durumda ücretsiz değil. “
Böylece
Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’yı
dışsal olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili ve
harici olarak Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
Samudaya’yı gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini
gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki
fenomenlerin geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu
Kāya!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur,
sakinleşti ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir
Bhikkhu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’yı
dışsal olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili ve
harici olarak Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
Samudaya’yı gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini
gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki
fenomenlerin geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu
Kāya!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur,
sakinleşti ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir
Bhikkhu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
(2)
Üstelik,
Bhikkhus,
Bhikkhus, tıpkı sanki bir cesedi görüyormuş gibi, bir cerel zeminden
uzaklaştı, kargalarla yenmek, Hawks tarafından yenen, akbaba tarafından
yenen, balıklar tarafından yenen, köpekler tarafından yenen, Panterler
tarafından yenen kaplanlar, çeşitli varlıklarla yenen, bu çok Kāya’yı
dikkate alır: “Bu Kāya da böyle bir doğada, böyle olacak ve böyle bir
durumda ücretsiz değil.”
Bhikkhus, tıpkı sanki bir cesedi görüyormuş gibi, bir cerel zeminden
uzaklaştı, kargalarla yenmek, Hawks tarafından yenen, akbaba tarafından
yenen, balıklar tarafından yenen, köpekler tarafından yenen, Panterler
tarafından yenen kaplanlar, çeşitli varlıklarla yenen, bu çok Kāya’yı
dikkate alır: “Bu Kāya da böyle bir doğada, böyle olacak ve böyle bir
durumda ücretsiz değil.”
Böylece
Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’yı
dışsal olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili ve
harici olarak Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
Samudaya’yı gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini
gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar ve
Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’yı
dışsal olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili ve
harici olarak Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
Samudaya’yı gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini
gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar ve
Kāya’daki
fenomenlerin uzaklaştırılması; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu
Kāya!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur,
sakinleşti ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir
Bhikkhu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
fenomenlerin uzaklaştırılması; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu
Kāya!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur,
sakinleşti ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir
Bhikkhu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
(3)
Dahası,
Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu, sanki bir cesedi görüyormuş gibi, bir cerel
sahasında, et ve kanla bir tendonla bir tendonla bir toz haline
getirerek, bu çok kāya’yı görüyor: “Bu Kāya da böyle bir Doğa, böyle
olacak ve böyle bir durumda ücretsiz değil. “
Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu, sanki bir cesedi görüyormuş gibi, bir cerel
sahasında, et ve kanla bir tendonla bir tendonla bir toz haline
getirerek, bu çok kāya’yı görüyor: “Bu Kāya da böyle bir Doğa, böyle
olacak ve böyle bir durumda ücretsiz değil. “
Böylece Kāya’da dahili olarak Kāya’yı gözlemleyerek ya da
Kāya’da
Kāya’da harici olarak gözlemleyerek ya da dahili ve dışarıdan Kāya’da
Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin Samudaya’yı
gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini gözlemlemeyi
yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu Kāya!” Sati,
sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur, sakinleşti ve
dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu,
Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
Kāya’da harici olarak gözlemleyerek ya da dahili ve dışarıdan Kāya’da
Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin Samudaya’yı
gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini gözlemlemeyi
yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu Kāya!” Sati,
sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur, sakinleşti ve
dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu,
Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
(4)
Üstelik,
Bhikkhus,
bir Bhikkhu, sanki bir cesedi görüyormuş gibi, bir cerel toprağında,
etsiz bir sozan, tendonlar tarafından birlikte tutulan, bu Kāya’yı
görüyor: “Bu Kāya da böyle bir Doğa, böyle olacak ve böyle bir durumda
ücretsiz değil. “
bir Bhikkhu, sanki bir cesedi görüyormuş gibi, bir cerel toprağında,
etsiz bir sozan, tendonlar tarafından birlikte tutulan, bu Kāya’yı
görüyor: “Bu Kāya da böyle bir Doğa, böyle olacak ve böyle bir durumda
ücretsiz değil. “
Böylece
Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’yı
dışsal olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili ve
harici olarak Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
Samudaya’yı gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini
gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki
fenomenlerin geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu
Kāya!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur,
sakinleşti ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir
Bhikkhu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’yı
dışsal olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili ve
harici olarak Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
Samudaya’yı gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini
gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki
fenomenlerin geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu
Kāya!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur,
sakinleşti ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir
Bhikkhu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
(5)
Ayrıca,
Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu, sanki bir cesedi görüyormuş gibi, bir cerel
toprağında, et ya da kan olmayan bir tüfek, tendonlar tarafından bir
araya getiren bir tüfek, bu Kāya’yı görüyor: “Bu Kāya da böyle bir Doğa,
böyle olacak ve böyle bir durumda ücretsiz değil. “
Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu, sanki bir cesedi görüyormuş gibi, bir cerel
toprağında, et ya da kan olmayan bir tüfek, tendonlar tarafından bir
araya getiren bir tüfek, bu Kāya’yı görüyor: “Bu Kāya da böyle bir Doğa,
böyle olacak ve böyle bir durumda ücretsiz değil. “
Böylece Kāya’da dahili olarak Kāya’yı gözlemleyerek ya da
Kāya’da
Kāya’da harici olarak gözlemleyerek ya da dahili ve dışarıdan Kāya’da
Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin Samudaya’yı
gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini gözlemlemeyi
yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu Kāya!” Sati,
sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur, sakinleşti ve
dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu,
Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
Kāya’da harici olarak gözlemleyerek ya da dahili ve dışarıdan Kāya’da
Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin Samudaya’yı
gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini gözlemlemeyi
yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu Kāya!” Sati,
sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur, sakinleşti ve
dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu,
Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
(6)
Ayrıca,
Bhikkhus, Bhikkhus, tıpkı ölü bir gövdeyi görüyormuş gibi, bir cerele
sahasında uzaklaştı, burada dağınık kemikler, burada bir el kemiği var,
burada bir ayak kemiği var, burada bir ayak bileği kemiği var, bir shin
kemiği var. , burada bir uyluk kemiği, orada bir kalça kemiği var,
burada bir kaburga var, burada bir omurga kemiği, orada bir boyun kemiği
var, burada bir çene kemiği var, orada bir diş kemiği var mı, yoksa
kafatası var, bu çok Kāya’yı görüyor : “Bu Kāya ayrıca böyle bir doğada,
böyle olacak ve böyle bir durumda ücretsiz değil.”
Bhikkhus, Bhikkhus, tıpkı ölü bir gövdeyi görüyormuş gibi, bir cerele
sahasında uzaklaştı, burada dağınık kemikler, burada bir el kemiği var,
burada bir ayak kemiği var, burada bir ayak bileği kemiği var, bir shin
kemiği var. , burada bir uyluk kemiği, orada bir kalça kemiği var,
burada bir kaburga var, burada bir omurga kemiği, orada bir boyun kemiği
var, burada bir çene kemiği var, orada bir diş kemiği var mı, yoksa
kafatası var, bu çok Kāya’yı görüyor : “Bu Kāya ayrıca böyle bir doğada,
böyle olacak ve böyle bir durumda ücretsiz değil.”
Böylece
Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’yı
dışsal olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili ve
harici olarak Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
Samudaya’yı gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini
gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki
fenomenlerin geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu
Kāya!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur,
sakinleşti ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir
Bhikkhu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’yı
dışsal olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili ve
harici olarak Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
Samudaya’yı gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini
gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki
fenomenlerin geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu
Kāya!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur,
sakinleşti ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir
Bhikkhu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
(7)
Ayrıca, Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu, sanki sanki
Ölü
bir gövdeyi görmek, bir cerel toprağında dökülür, kemikler bir deniz
kabuğu gibi beyazlatır, bu çok Kāya’yı göz önünde bulundurur: “Bu Kāya
da böyle bir doğada, böyle olacak ve böyle bir şey olmayacak şart.”
bir gövdeyi görmek, bir cerel toprağında dökülür, kemikler bir deniz
kabuğu gibi beyazlatır, bu çok Kāya’yı göz önünde bulundurur: “Bu Kāya
da böyle bir doğada, böyle olacak ve böyle bir şey olmayacak şart.”
(
Ayrıca, Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu, sanki sanki
Ölü
bir gövdeyi görmek, bir cerel zemininde atmak, bir yaşından büyük
kemikleri yığılmış, bu çok Kāya’yı göz önünde bulundurur: “Bu Kāya da
böyle bir doğada, böyle olacak ve böyle olmayacak ve böyle olmayacak.
bir durum.”
bir gövdeyi görmek, bir cerel zemininde atmak, bir yaşından büyük
kemikleri yığılmış, bu çok Kāya’yı göz önünde bulundurur: “Bu Kāya da
böyle bir doğada, böyle olacak ve böyle olmayacak ve böyle olmayacak.
bir durum.”
Böylece
Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’yı
dışsal olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili ve harici
olarak Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin Samudaya’yı
gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini gözlemlemeyi
yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu Kāya!” Sati,
sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur, sakinleşti ve
dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu,
Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’yı
dışsal olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili ve harici
olarak Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin Samudaya’yı
gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini gözlemlemeyi
yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu Kāya!” Sati,
sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur, sakinleşti ve
dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu,
Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
(9)
Ayrıca, Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu, sanki sanki
Ölü
bir gövdeyi görmek, bir cerel zemininde atmak, çürümüş kemikleri toza
indirgendiğinde, bu çok Kāya’yı dikkate alır: “Bu Kāya da böyle bir
doğada, böyle olacak ve böyle bir durumda ücretsiz değil “
bir gövdeyi görmek, bir cerel zemininde atmak, çürümüş kemikleri toza
indirgendiğinde, bu çok Kāya’yı dikkate alır: “Bu Kāya da böyle bir
doğada, böyle olacak ve böyle bir durumda ücretsiz değil “
Böylece
Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’yı
dışsal olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili ve
harici olarak Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
Samudaya’yı gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini
gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki
fenomenlerin geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu
Kāya!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur,
sakinleşti ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir
Bhikkhu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’yı
dışsal olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Kāya’da Kāya’da dahili ve
harici olarak Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar; Kāya’daki fenomenlerin
Samudaya’yı gözlemlemektedir ya da Kāya’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini
gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve Kāya’daki
fenomenlerin geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu
Kāya!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur,
sakinleşti ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir
Bhikkhu, Kāya’da Kāya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar.
II. Vedanā gözlemi
Ve ayrıca, Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu, Vedanā’daki Vedanā’da Vedenā’yı nasıl görür?
Burada
Bhikkhus, bir bhikkhu, bir Sukha Vedanā, altındaki bir şunları yaşıyor:
“Bir Sukha VeDanā yaşıyorum”; Bir Dukkha VeDanā yaşanıyor, altındaki:
Bhikkhus, bir bhikkhu, bir Sukha Vedanā, altındaki bir şunları yaşıyor:
“Bir Sukha VeDanā yaşıyorum”; Bir Dukkha VeDanā yaşanıyor, altındaki:
“Bir
Dukkha VeDanā yaşıyorum”; ADUKKHAM-ASUKHā VEDANā, ADUCHADS:
“ADUKKHAM-ASUKHā VEDAN ADANIYOR”; Bir Sukha VeDanā Sāmisa, Bunlar: “Bir
Sukha VeDanā Sāmisa’yı yaşıyorum”; Bir Sukha VeDanā Nirāmisa, Bunlar:
Dukkha VeDanā yaşıyorum”; ADUKKHAM-ASUKHā VEDANā, ADUCHADS:
“ADUKKHAM-ASUKHā VEDAN ADANIYOR”; Bir Sukha VeDanā Sāmisa, Bunlar: “Bir
Sukha VeDanā Sāmisa’yı yaşıyorum”; Bir Sukha VeDanā Nirāmisa, Bunlar:
“Bir
Sukha VeDanā Nirāmisa’yı yaşıyorum”; Bir Dukkha VeDanā Sāmisa, Altında:
“Bir Dukkha VeDanā Sāmisa’yı yaşıyorum”; Bir Dukkha VeDanā Nirāmisa,
Bunlar: “Bir Dukkha VeDanā Nirāmisa’yı yaşıyorum”; Bir Adukkham-Asukhā
Vedanā Sāmisa, Bunlar: “Bir Adukkham-Asukhā Vedanā Sāmisa’yı yaşıyorum”;
Bir Adukkham-Asukhā Vedanā Nirāmisa’yı yaşamak, Bunlar: “Bir
Adukkham-Asukhā Vedanā Nirāmisa’yı yaşıyorum”.
Sukha VeDanā Nirāmisa’yı yaşıyorum”; Bir Dukkha VeDanā Sāmisa, Altında:
“Bir Dukkha VeDanā Sāmisa’yı yaşıyorum”; Bir Dukkha VeDanā Nirāmisa,
Bunlar: “Bir Dukkha VeDanā Nirāmisa’yı yaşıyorum”; Bir Adukkham-Asukhā
Vedanā Sāmisa, Bunlar: “Bir Adukkham-Asukhā Vedanā Sāmisa’yı yaşıyorum”;
Bir Adukkham-Asukhā Vedanā Nirāmisa’yı yaşamak, Bunlar: “Bir
Adukkham-Asukhā Vedanā Nirāmisa’yı yaşıyorum”.
Böylece, Veyanā’daki Veyanā’da dahili olarak gözlemleyerek yaşar.
ya da Vedanā’da Vedanā’da harici olarak görür ya da yaşar.
Dahili ve harici olarak Vedanā’daki Vedanā’yı gözlemlemek; o yaşıyor
Veyanā’daki
fenomenlerin Samudaya’yı gözlemlemek ya da Veyā’daki fenomenlerin
geçmesini gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve
Veyā’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka,
[Gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu veDanā!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere
Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur, sakinleşti ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye
yapışmıyor. Böylece, Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu, VeDanā’daki Vedanā’da
gözlemleyerek yaşar.
fenomenlerin Samudaya’yı gözlemlemek ya da Veyā’daki fenomenlerin
geçmesini gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı gözlemleyerek ve
Veyā’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini bekliyor; ya da başka,
[Gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu veDanā!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere
Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur, sakinleşti ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye
yapışmıyor. Böylece, Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu, VeDanā’daki Vedanā’da
gözlemleyerek yaşar.
III. Citta gözlemi
Ve ayrıca Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu, Citta’da Citta’yı nasıl görür?
Burada Bhikkhus, Bhikkhu, Rāga ile “Rāga ile Citta” olan CITTA’yı
anlıyor ya da Rāga’yı “Rāga’sız Citta” olarak anlıyor ya da “Dosa’lı
Citta” olarak DOSA’lı CITTA’yı anlıyor ya da DOSA’sız CITTA’yı anlıyor.
“DOSA’sız Citta” ya da Moha ile Citta’yı “Moha’lı Citta” olarak anlıyor
ya da Moha’yı “Moha’sız Citta” olarak anlıyor ya da “toplanan bir Citta”
olarak toplanan bir Citta’yı anlıyor ya da dağınık olduğunu anlıyor.
Citta, “dağınık bir citta” olarak ya da genişletilmiş bir CITTA’yı
“genişletilmiş bir CITTA” olarak anlıyor ya da “beklenmeyen bir aykır”
olarak beklenmeyen bir aykırıyı anlıyor ya da “Geçen bir Citta” olarak
eşleşen bir Citta’yı anlıyor ya da anlıyor “Eşsiz bir Citta” olarak
eşsiz bir aykta veya konsantre bir CITTA’yı “konsantre bir ayırım”
olarak anlar ya da “konsantre olmayan bir citta” olarak birleştiği bir
CITTA’yı anlar veya “Bir Unli” olarak bir yarışmada bir Citta’yı
anlıyor. Berated Citta “.
Böylece, Citta’daki Citta’da dahili olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa
Citta’daki Citta’yı dışsal olarak gözlemlemeyi yaşar ya da Citta’daki
CITTA’yı dahili ve harici olarak gözlemleyerek yaşar; Citta’daki
fenomenlerin Samudaya’yı gözlemlemeyi yaşar ya da Citta’daki
fenomenlerin geçmesini gözlemlemeyi yaşar, yoksa Samudaya’yı
gözlemleyerek ve Citta’daki fenomenlerin geçmesini bekliyor; ya da
başka, [gerçekleştirmek:] “Bu Citta!” Sati, sadece Mere ñāṇa ve Mere
Paṭissati’nin kapsamında bulunur, sakinleşti ve dünyadaki hiçbir şeye
yapışmıyor. Böylece Bhikkhus, bir Bhikkhu, Citta’daki Citta’yı
gözlemleyerek yaşar.
JÜPİTER GÖZLEMİ-1-,JUPITER OBSERVATION-1-,WİTH KONUSMOTOR-70-
burak öztürk
1.42K subscribers
youtube.com
JÜPİTER GÖZLEMİ-1-,JUPITER OBSERVATION-1-,WİTH KONUSMOTOR-70-
http://www.buddhanet.net/dhammapada/d_mind.htm
30) Classical English,Roman,
Verse 33. The Wise Person Straightens The Mind
Mind agitated, wavering,
hard to guard and hard to check,
one of wisdom renders straight
as arrow-maker a shaft.
Explanation:
In the Dhammapada there are several references to the craftsmanship of
the fletcher. The Buddha seems to have observed the process through
which a fletcher transforms an ordinary stick into an efficient
arrow-shaft. The disciplining of the mind is seen as being a parallel
process. In this stanza the Buddha says that the wise one straightens
and steadies the vacillating mind that is difficult to guard, like a
fletcher straightening an arrow-shaft.
In the Dhammapada there are several references to the craftsmanship of
the fletcher. The Buddha seems to have observed the process through
which a fletcher transforms an ordinary stick into an efficient
arrow-shaft. The disciplining of the mind is seen as being a parallel
process. In this stanza the Buddha says that the wise one straightens
and steadies the vacillating mind that is difficult to guard, like a
fletcher straightening an arrow-shaft.
Verse 35. Restrained Mind Leads To Happiness
The mind is very hard to check
and swift, it falls on what it wants.
The training of the mind is good,
a mind so tamed brings happiness.
Explanation:
The mind is exceedingly subtle and is difficult to be seen. It attaches
on whatever target it wishes. The wise guard the mind. The guarded mind
brings bliss.
The mind is exceedingly subtle and is difficult to be seen. It attaches
on whatever target it wishes. The wise guard the mind. The guarded mind
brings bliss.
Verse 36. Protected Mind Leads To Happiness
The mind is very hard to see
and find, it falls on what it wants.
One who’s wise should guard the mind,
a guarded mind brings happiness.
Explanation:
The mind moves about so fast it is difficult to get hold of it fully.
It is swift. It has a way of focusing upon whatever it likes. It is good
and of immense advantage to tame the mind. The tame mind brings bliss.
The mind moves about so fast it is difficult to get hold of it fully.
It is swift. It has a way of focusing upon whatever it likes. It is good
and of immense advantage to tame the mind. The tame mind brings bliss.
Verse 37. Death’s Snare Can Be Broken By Tamed Mind
Drifting far, straying all alone,
formless, recumbent in a cave.
They will be free from Mara’s bonds
who restrain this mind.
Explanation:
The mind is capable of travelling vast distances - up or down, north or
south, east or west - in any direction. It can travel to the past or
the future. It roams about all alone. It is without any perceptible
forms. If an individual were to restrain the mind fully, he will achieve
freedom from the bonds of death.
The mind is capable of travelling vast distances - up or down, north or
south, east or west - in any direction. It can travel to the past or
the future. It roams about all alone. It is without any perceptible
forms. If an individual were to restrain the mind fully, he will achieve
freedom from the bonds of death.
Verse 39. The Wide-Awake Is Unfrightened
One of unflooded mind,
a mind that is not battered,
abandoning evil, merit too,
no fear for One Awake.
Explanation:
For the person who’s mind is not dampened by passion, unaffected by
ill-will and who has risen above both good and evil, there is no fear
because he is wide-awake.
For the person who’s mind is not dampened by passion, unaffected by
ill-will and who has risen above both good and evil, there is no fear
because he is wide-awake.
Verse 40. Weapons To Defeat Death
Having known this urn-like body,
made firm this mind as fortress town,
with wisdom-weapon one fights Mara
while guarding booty, unattached.
Explanation:
It is realistic to think of the body as vulnerable, fragile, frail and
easily disintegrated. In fact, one must consider it as a clay vessel.
The mind should be thought of as a city. One has to be perpetually
mindful to protect the city. Forces of evil have to be fought with the
weapons of wisdom. After the battle, once you have achieve victory, live
without being attached to the mortal self.
It is realistic to think of the body as vulnerable, fragile, frail and
easily disintegrated. In fact, one must consider it as a clay vessel.
The mind should be thought of as a city. One has to be perpetually
mindful to protect the city. Forces of evil have to be fought with the
weapons of wisdom. After the battle, once you have achieve victory, live
without being attached to the mortal self.
Verse 43. Well-Trained Mind Excels People
What one’s mother, what one’s father,
whatever other kin may do,
the well directed mind indeed
can do greater good.
Explanation: Well directed thoughts can help a person better than one’s father or one’s mother.
06) ClassicalDevanagari,Classical Hindi-Devanagari- शास्त्रीय हिंदी,
Verse 33. The Wise Person Straightens The Mind
Mind agitated, wavering,
hard to guard and hard to check,
one of wisdom renders straight
as arrow-maker a shaft.
Explanation:
In the Dhammapada there are several references to the craftsmanship of
the fletcher. The Buddha seems to have observed the process through
which a fletcher transforms an ordinary stick into an efficient
arrow-shaft. The disciplining of the mind is seen as being a parallel
process. In this stanza the Buddha says that the wise one straightens
and steadies the vacillating mind that is difficult to guard, like a
fletcher straightening an arrow-shaft.
In the Dhammapada there are several references to the craftsmanship of
the fletcher. The Buddha seems to have observed the process through
which a fletcher transforms an ordinary stick into an efficient
arrow-shaft. The disciplining of the mind is seen as being a parallel
process. In this stanza the Buddha says that the wise one straightens
and steadies the vacillating mind that is difficult to guard, like a
fletcher straightening an arrow-shaft.
धम्मपद “चित्तवग्गो” Dhammapada - Chapter 3 -mind
Ankit Shukla
95 subscribers
a video on the sacred verses of Dhammapada
Music in this video
Learn more
Listen ad-free with YouTube Premium
Song
День 19 — Сокровище в сердце лотоса
Artist
Deva Premal and Miten
Album
21-день Путешествие в мир медитации с мантрами
Licensed to YouTube by
The Orchard Music (on behalf of Prabhu Music); UMPG Publishing, Kobalt Music Publishing, and 5 Music Rights Societies
धम्मपद “चित्तवग्गो” Dhammapada - Chapter 3 -mind
a video on the sacred verses of Dhammapada
श्लोक 35. संयमित मन खुशी की ओर जाता है
मन की जाँच करना बहुत कठिन है
और स्विफ्ट, यह उस पर गिरता है जो चाहता है।
मन का प्रशिक्षण अच्छा है,
एक मन तो तात्कालिक खुशी लाता है।
स्पष्टीकरण:
मन अत्यधिक सूक्ष्म है और इसे देखना मुश्किल है। यह जो भी लक्ष्य चाहता है
उस पर संलग्न होता है। बुद्धिमान मन। संरक्षित मन आनंद लाता है।
मन अत्यधिक सूक्ष्म है और इसे देखना मुश्किल है। यह जो भी लक्ष्य चाहता है
उस पर संलग्न होता है। बुद्धिमान मन। संरक्षित मन आनंद लाता है।
Verse 36. संरक्षित मन की खुशी होती है
मन को देखना बहुत मुश्किल है
और पाते हैं, यह उस पर पड़ता है जो चाहता है।
जिसने बुद्धिमान को मन की रक्षा करनी चाहिए,
एक संरक्षित मन खुशी लाता है।
स्पष्टीकरण:
दिमाग इतनी तेजी से आगे बढ़ता है कि इसे पूरी तरह से पकड़ना मुश्किल है।
यह तेज है। यह जो भी पसंद करता है उस पर ध्यान केंद्रित करने का एक तरीका
है। यह मन को कम करने के लिए अच्छा और अत्यधिक लाभ है। दांत मन आनंद लाता
है।
दिमाग इतनी तेजी से आगे बढ़ता है कि इसे पूरी तरह से पकड़ना मुश्किल है।
यह तेज है। यह जो भी पसंद करता है उस पर ध्यान केंद्रित करने का एक तरीका
है। यह मन को कम करने के लिए अच्छा और अत्यधिक लाभ है। दांत मन आनंद लाता
है।
श्लोक 37. मौत के जाल को नामित दिमाग से तोड़ा जा सकता है
बहाव दूर, अकेले भटकना,
बेकार, एक गुफा में recumbent।
वे मार के बांड से मुक्त होंगे
जो इस दिमाग को रोकता है।
स्पष्टीकरण:
मन किसी भी दिशा में विशाल दूरी - ऊपर या नीचे, उत्तर या दक्षिण, पूर्व या
पश्चिम की यात्रा करने में सक्षम है। यह अतीत या भविष्य की यात्रा कर सकता
है। यह अकेले सभी के बारे में घूमता है। यह बिना किसी समझदार रूपों के है।
यदि कोई व्यक्ति पूरी तरह से दिमाग को रोकना था, तो वह मौत के बंधनों से
स्वतंत्रता प्राप्त करेगा।
मन किसी भी दिशा में विशाल दूरी - ऊपर या नीचे, उत्तर या दक्षिण, पूर्व या
पश्चिम की यात्रा करने में सक्षम है। यह अतीत या भविष्य की यात्रा कर सकता
है। यह अकेले सभी के बारे में घूमता है। यह बिना किसी समझदार रूपों के है।
यदि कोई व्यक्ति पूरी तरह से दिमाग को रोकना था, तो वह मौत के बंधनों से
स्वतंत्रता प्राप्त करेगा।
श्लोक 39. चौड़ा जागना अनजान है
अप्रकाशित मन में से एक,
एक ऐसा मन जो नहीं हुआ है,
बुराई छोड़ना, मेरिट भी,
एक जागने के लिए कोई डर नहीं।
स्पष्टीकरण:
उस व्यक्ति के लिए जो मन से जुनून से घिरा नहीं होता है, बीमार इच्छा से
अप्रभावित होता है और जो अच्छे और बुरे दोनों से ऊपर उठता है, वहां कोई डर
नहीं है क्योंकि वह चौड़ा जाग गया है।
उस व्यक्ति के लिए जो मन से जुनून से घिरा नहीं होता है, बीमार इच्छा से
अप्रभावित होता है और जो अच्छे और बुरे दोनों से ऊपर उठता है, वहां कोई डर
नहीं है क्योंकि वह चौड़ा जाग गया है।
श्लोक 40. मौत को हराने के लिए हथियार
इस यूआरएन-जैसे शरीर को जानने के बाद,
इस मन को किले के शहर के रूप में बना दिया,
बुद्धि-हथियार के साथ एक झगड़ा मारा
लूट की रक्षा करते हुए, अनासक्त।
स्पष्टीकरण:
शरीर को कमजोर, नाजुक, कमजोर और आसानी से विघटित सोचने के लिए यथार्थवादी
है। वास्तव में, किसी को इसे मिट्टी के पोत के रूप में माना जाना चाहिए। मन
को एक शहर के रूप में माना जाना चाहिए। शहर की रक्षा के लिए एक को लगातार
सावधान रहना होगा। बुद्धि की ताकतों को ज्ञान के हथियारों से लड़ा जाना
चाहिए। युद्ध के बाद, एक बार जब आप जीत हासिल कर लेते हैं, तो नश्वर स्वयं
से जुड़े बिना रहते हैं।
शरीर को कमजोर, नाजुक, कमजोर और आसानी से विघटित सोचने के लिए यथार्थवादी
है। वास्तव में, किसी को इसे मिट्टी के पोत के रूप में माना जाना चाहिए। मन
को एक शहर के रूप में माना जाना चाहिए। शहर की रक्षा के लिए एक को लगातार
सावधान रहना होगा। बुद्धि की ताकतों को ज्ञान के हथियारों से लड़ा जाना
चाहिए। युद्ध के बाद, एक बार जब आप जीत हासिल कर लेते हैं, तो नश्वर स्वयं
से जुड़े बिना रहते हैं।
एक कार्टून हो सकता है
श्लोक 43. अच्छी तरह से प्रशिक्षित मन लोगों को एक्सेल करता है
क्या किसी की माँ, किसी के पिता,
जो भी अन्य परिजन कर सकते हैं,
अच्छी तरह से निर्देशित मन वास्तव में
अधिक अच्छा कर सकते हैं।
स्पष्टीकरण: अच्छी तरह से निर्देशित विचार किसी व्यक्ति को किसी के पिता या किसी की मां से बेहतर मदद कर सकते हैं।
The Untouchables-Who Were They?अछूत- वे कौन थे और अछूत कैसे हो गए ?Dr.B.R.Ambedkar-Hindi Audiobook
Arsh Farsh
14.2K subscribers
Timestamp for chapters
0:00 प्रस्तावना
भाग 1
तुलनात्मक सर्वेक्षण
15:53 अध्याय-1:गैर-हिन्दुओं में छुआछूत
33:22 अध्याय-2:हिन्दुओं में छुआछूत
भाग 2
आवास की समस्या
45:46 अध्याय-3:अछूत गांव के बाहर क्यों रहते हैं?
1:01:55 अध्याय-4: क्या अछूत छितरे व्यक्ति हैं?
1:08:10 अध्याय-5: क्या ऐसे समानान्तर मामले हैं?
1:14:57 अध्याय-6: छितरे लोगों की अलग बस्तियां अन्यत्र कैसे विलुप्त हो गईं?
भाग 3
छुआछूत की उत्पत्ति के पुराने सिद्धांत
1:18:58 अध्याय-7: छुआछूत की उत्पत्ति का आधार- नस्ल का अंतर
1:57:41 अध्याय-8: छुआछूत की व्यवसाय जन्य उत्त्पत्ति
भाग 4
छुआछूत की उत्पत्ति के नए सिद्धांत
2:03:35 अध्याय-9: बौद्धों का अपमान -छुआछूत का मूलाधार
2:18:20 अध्याय-10: गोमांस भक्षण - छुआछूत का मूलाधार
भाग 5
नए सिद्धांत और कुछ प्रश्न
2:24:11 अध्याय-11: क्या हिन्दू गोमांस कभी नहीं खाते थे?
2:38:42 अध्याय-12:गैर-ब्राह्मणों ने गोमांस खाना क्यों छोड़ा ?
2:50:11 अध्याय-13:ब्राह्मण शाकाहारी क्यों बने ?
3:33:37 अध्याय-14:गोमांस भक्षण से छित्तरे बहिष्कृत व्यक्ति अछूत कैसे बने?
भाग 6
छुआछूत तथा उसका उत्पत्ति काल
3:47:14 अध्याय-15:अशुचि और अछूत
4:07:07 अध्याय-16:बहिष्कृत व्यक्ति अछूत कब हो गए
The Untouchables-Who Were They?अछूत- वे कौन थे और अछूत कैसे हो गए ?Dr.B.R.Ambedkar-Hindi Audiobook
13) Classical Assamese-ধ্ৰুপদী অসমীয়া
সত্যঅধ্যায়ৰ কোষাগাৰ 3 ধ্ৰুপদী অসম-ধ্ৰুপদী অসমীয়া মন ইতিবাচক পদ
শ্লোক ৩৩। জ্ঞানী ব্যক্তিজনে মনটো পোন কৰে
মন উত্তেজিত, বিচলিত,
পহৰা দিয়া কঠিন আৰু পৰীক্ষা কৰিবলৈ কঠিন,
জ্ঞানৰ এটা পোনপটীয়া হয়
কাড় নিৰ্মাতা হিচাপে এটা শ্বাফ্ট।
ব্যাখ্যা:
ধম্মপদত ফ্লেচাৰৰ কাৰুশিল্পৰ বিষয়ে কেইবাটাও উল্লেখ আছে। বুদ্ধই সেই
প্ৰক্ৰিয়াটো লক্ষ্য কৰা যেন লাগিছে যাৰ জৰিয়তে এজন ফ্লেচাৰে এটা সাধাৰণ
লাঠিক এক দক্ষ কাড়-খাদলৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰে। মনৰ অনুশাসনক এক সমান্তৰাল
প্ৰক্ৰিয়া হিচাপে দেখা যায়। এই স্তৱকত বুদ্ধই কৈছে যে জ্ঞানীজনে সেই
অৱকাশযুক্ত মনটো পোন কৰে আৰু স্থিৰ কৰে যিটো ৰক্ষা কৰা কঠিন, যেনে ফ্লেচাৰে
কাড়-খাদ পোন কৰে।
ধম্মপদত ফ্লেচাৰৰ কাৰুশিল্পৰ বিষয়ে কেইবাটাও উল্লেখ আছে। বুদ্ধই সেই
প্ৰক্ৰিয়াটো লক্ষ্য কৰা যেন লাগিছে যাৰ জৰিয়তে এজন ফ্লেচাৰে এটা সাধাৰণ
লাঠিক এক দক্ষ কাড়-খাদলৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰে। মনৰ অনুশাসনক এক সমান্তৰাল
প্ৰক্ৰিয়া হিচাপে দেখা যায়। এই স্তৱকত বুদ্ধই কৈছে যে জ্ঞানীজনে সেই
অৱকাশযুক্ত মনটো পোন কৰে আৰু স্থিৰ কৰে যিটো ৰক্ষা কৰা কঠিন, যেনে ফ্লেচাৰে
কাড়-খাদ পোন কৰে।
শ্লোক ৩৫। সংযত মনৰ ফলত সুখ হয়
মনটো পৰীক্ষা কৰিবলৈ বৰ কঠিন
আৰু দ্ৰুত, ই যি বিচাৰে তাৰ ওপৰত পৰে।
মনৰ প্ৰশিক্ষণ ভাল,
ইমান নিয়ন্ত্ৰিত মন এটাই সুখ আনে।
ব্যাখ্যা:
মনটো অত্যন্ত সূক্ষ্ম আৰু দেখা কঠিন। ই যি লক্ষ্য বিচাৰে তাৰ ওপৰত সংলগ্ন
হয়। জ্ঞানীসকলে মনটো কব। সুৰক্ষিত মনটোৱে আনন্দ কঢ়িয়াই আনে।
মনটো অত্যন্ত সূক্ষ্ম আৰু দেখা কঠিন। ই যি লক্ষ্য বিচাৰে তাৰ ওপৰত সংলগ্ন
হয়। জ্ঞানীসকলে মনটো কব। সুৰক্ষিত মনটোৱে আনন্দ কঢ়িয়াই আনে।
শ্লোক ৩৬। সুৰক্ষিত মনৰ ফলত সুখ হয়
মনটো দেখা বৰ কঠিন
আৰু বিচাৰি উলিয়াওক, ই কি বিচাৰে তাৰ ওপৰত পৰে।
যিজন জ্ঞানী তেওঁ মনক ৰক্ষা কৰা উচিত,
এক সুৰক্ষিত মনে সুখ আনে।
ব্যাখ্যা:
মনটো ইমান দ্ৰুতগতিত আগবাঢ়ে যে ইয়াক সম্পূৰ্ণৰূপে ধৰি ৰখাটো কঠিন। ই
দ্ৰুত। ই যি বিচাৰে তাৰ ওপৰত গুৰুত্ব দিয়াৰ এটা উপায় আছে। মনক বশ কৰাটো
ভাল আৰু অপৰিসীম সুবিধাজনক। নিয়ন্ত্ৰণশীল মনটোৱে আনন্দ কঢ়িয়াই আনে
মনটো ইমান দ্ৰুতগতিত আগবাঢ়ে যে ইয়াক সম্পূৰ্ণৰূপে ধৰি ৰখাটো কঠিন। ই
দ্ৰুত। ই যি বিচাৰে তাৰ ওপৰত গুৰুত্ব দিয়াৰ এটা উপায় আছে। মনক বশ কৰাটো
ভাল আৰু অপৰিসীম সুবিধাজনক। নিয়ন্ত্ৰণশীল মনটোৱে আনন্দ কঢ়িয়াই আনে
শ্লোক ৩৭। মৃত্যুৰ ফান্দটো টেমড মাইণ্ডৰ দ্বাৰা ভাঙিব পাৰি
দূৰলৈ বৈ যোৱা, অকলে পথভ্ৰষ্ট হোৱা,
নিৰাকাৰ, গুহা এটাত ৰিকামবেণ্ট।
তেওঁলোক মাৰাৰ বন্ধনৰ পৰা মুক্ত হ’ব
যিয়ে এই মনটোক নিয়ন্ত্ৰণ কৰে।
ব্যাখ্যা:
মন যিকোনো দিশত উত্তৰ বা দক্ষিণ, পূব বা পশ্চিম - ওপৰ বা তললৈ - বিশাল
দূৰত্ব ভ্ৰমণ কৰিবলৈ সক্ষম। ই অতীত বা ভৱিষ্যতলৈ ভ্ৰমণ কৰিব পাৰে। ই অকলে
ঘূৰি ফুৰে। এইটো কোনো বোধগম্য ৰূপ অবিহনে। যদি এজন ব্যক্তিয়ে মনক
সম্পূৰ্ণৰূপে নিয়ন্ত্ৰণ কৰে, তেন্তে তেওঁ মৃত্যুৰ বন্ধনৰ পৰা মুক্তি লাভ
কৰিব।
মন যিকোনো দিশত উত্তৰ বা দক্ষিণ, পূব বা পশ্চিম - ওপৰ বা তললৈ - বিশাল
দূৰত্ব ভ্ৰমণ কৰিবলৈ সক্ষম। ই অতীত বা ভৱিষ্যতলৈ ভ্ৰমণ কৰিব পাৰে। ই অকলে
ঘূৰি ফুৰে। এইটো কোনো বোধগম্য ৰূপ অবিহনে। যদি এজন ব্যক্তিয়ে মনক
সম্পূৰ্ণৰূপে নিয়ন্ত্ৰণ কৰে, তেন্তে তেওঁ মৃত্যুৰ বন্ধনৰ পৰা মুক্তি লাভ
কৰিব।
শ্লোক ৩৯। বহল-সজাগ লোকসকল ভয় খোৱা নাই
বানপানী নোহোৱা মনৰ এটা,
এনে এটা মন যি আঘাত প্ৰাপ্ত নহয়,
অশুভশক্তি, যোগ্যতাও ত্যাগ কৰা,
এজন সজাগ ৰখাৰ বাবে কোনো ভয় নাই।
ব্যাখ্যা:
যিজন ব্যক্তিৰ মন আৱেগৰ দ্বাৰা হ্ৰাস নহয়, বিদ্বেষৰ দ্বাৰা প্ৰভাৱিত নহয়
আৰু যি ভাল আৰু বেয়া দুয়োটাৰে ওপৰত উঠিছে, তেওঁ বহলভাৱে জাগ্ৰত হোৱাৰ
বাবে কোনো ভয় নাই।
যিজন ব্যক্তিৰ মন আৱেগৰ দ্বাৰা হ্ৰাস নহয়, বিদ্বেষৰ দ্বাৰা প্ৰভাৱিত নহয়
আৰু যি ভাল আৰু বেয়া দুয়োটাৰে ওপৰত উঠিছে, তেওঁ বহলভাৱে জাগ্ৰত হোৱাৰ
বাবে কোনো ভয় নাই।
শ্লোক ৪০। মৃত্যুক পৰাস্ত কৰিবলৈ অস্ত্ৰ
এই ভাণ্ডাৰসদৃশ শৰীৰটো জনাৰ পিছত,
এই মনটোক দুৰ্গ চহৰ হিচাপে দৃঢ় কৰি তুলিছিল,
জ্ঞান-অস্ত্ৰৰ সৈতে এজনে মাৰাৰ সৈতে যুঁজ দিয়ে
লুটি ৰক্ষা কৰোঁতে, অসংলগ্ন।
ব্যাখ্যা:
শৰীৰটোক দুৰ্বল, ভঙ্গুৰ, দুৰ্বল আৰু সহজে বিভক্ত বুলি ভবাটো বাস্তৱিক।
দৰাচলতে, এজনে ইয়াক মাটিৰ পাত্ৰ বুলি বিবেচনা কৰিব লাগিব। মনটোক এখন চহৰ
বুলি ভবা উচিত। চহৰখনৰ সুৰক্ষাৰ বাবে এজনে চিৰকাল সতৰ্ক থাকিব লাগিব। অশুভ
শক্তিবোৰক জ্ঞানৰ অস্ত্ৰৰে যুঁজিব লাগিব। যুদ্ধৰ পিছত, আপুনি বিজয় অৰ্জন
কৰাৰ পিছত, নশ্বৰ আত্মাৰ সৈতে সংলগ্ন নোহোৱাকৈ জীয়াই থাকক।
শৰীৰটোক দুৰ্বল, ভঙ্গুৰ, দুৰ্বল আৰু সহজে বিভক্ত বুলি ভবাটো বাস্তৱিক।
দৰাচলতে, এজনে ইয়াক মাটিৰ পাত্ৰ বুলি বিবেচনা কৰিব লাগিব। মনটোক এখন চহৰ
বুলি ভবা উচিত। চহৰখনৰ সুৰক্ষাৰ বাবে এজনে চিৰকাল সতৰ্ক থাকিব লাগিব। অশুভ
শক্তিবোৰক জ্ঞানৰ অস্ত্ৰৰে যুঁজিব লাগিব। যুদ্ধৰ পিছত, আপুনি বিজয় অৰ্জন
কৰাৰ পিছত, নশ্বৰ আত্মাৰ সৈতে সংলগ্ন নোহোৱাকৈ জীয়াই থাকক।
কাৰ্টুন হ’ব পাৰে
শ্লোক ৪৩। ভালদৰে প্ৰশিক্ষিত মন মানুহক উৎকৃষ্ট কৰে
কি মা, কি দেউতাক,
আন আত্মীয়সকলে যি কৰিব পাৰে,
সুনিৰ্দেশিত মনটো সঁচাকৈয়ে
অধিক ভাল কৰিব পাৰে।
ব্যাখ্যা: সুনিৰ্দেশিত চিন্তাই এজন ব্যক্তিক পিতৃ বা মাকৰ তুলনাত ভালদৰে সহায় কৰিব পাৰে।
17) Classical Bengali-ক্লাসিক্যাল বাংলা,
সত্যের ট্রেজারি অধ্যায় 3 টি মনের মধ্যে ইতিবাচক আয়াতগুলি ক্লাসিক্যাল বাংলা-কাসিকাল বাংলা,
আয়াত 33. জ্ঞানী ব্যক্তি মন সোজা করে
মন উত্তেজিত, ঝাপসা,
সতর্ক এবং হার্ড চেক হার্ড,
জ্ঞান এক সরাসরি রেন্ডার
তীর-সৃষ্টিকর্তা হিসাবে একটি শাটার।
ব্যাখ্যা:
ধমপ্পাদে ফ্লেচারের কারিগরশিপের বিভিন্ন রেফারেন্স রয়েছে। বুদ্ধ মনে
হচ্ছে যে প্রক্রিয়াটি এমন একটি প্রক্রিয়াটিকে দক্ষ তীর-শ্যাফ্টে একটি
সাধারণ লাঠি রূপান্তরিত করে। মনের শৃঙ্খলা একটি সমান্তরাল প্রক্রিয়া
হিসাবে দেখা হয়। এই স্টানজায় বুদ্ধ বলছেন যে জ্ঞানী এক তীরচিহ্নটিকে একটি
তীর-শাফট সোজা করে এমন একটি ফ্লেচারকে সোজা করা কঠিন বলে মনে করে।
ধমপ্পাদে ফ্লেচারের কারিগরশিপের বিভিন্ন রেফারেন্স রয়েছে। বুদ্ধ মনে
হচ্ছে যে প্রক্রিয়াটি এমন একটি প্রক্রিয়াটিকে দক্ষ তীর-শ্যাফ্টে একটি
সাধারণ লাঠি রূপান্তরিত করে। মনের শৃঙ্খলা একটি সমান্তরাল প্রক্রিয়া
হিসাবে দেখা হয়। এই স্টানজায় বুদ্ধ বলছেন যে জ্ঞানী এক তীরচিহ্নটিকে একটি
তীর-শাফট সোজা করে এমন একটি ফ্লেচারকে সোজা করা কঠিন বলে মনে করে।
আয়াত 35. সংযত মন সুখ বাড়ে
মন চেক করা খুব কঠিন
এবং দ্রুত, এটি কি চায় তা পড়ে।
মনের প্রশিক্ষণ ভাল,
একটি মন তাই tamed একটি মন সুখ এনেছে।
ব্যাখ্যা:
মন অত্যন্ত সূক্ষ্ম এবং দেখা কঠিন। এটা যাই হোক না কেন লক্ষ্য যে উপর
সংযুক্ত করে। বুদ্ধিমান মন পাহারা। সুরক্ষিত মন আনন্দ আসে।
মন অত্যন্ত সূক্ষ্ম এবং দেখা কঠিন। এটা যাই হোক না কেন লক্ষ্য যে উপর
সংযুক্ত করে। বুদ্ধিমান মন পাহারা। সুরক্ষিত মন আনন্দ আসে।
আয়াত 36. সুরক্ষিত মন সুখ বাড়ে
মন দেখতে খুব কঠিন
এবং খুঁজে, এটা কি চায় তা পড়ে।
জ্ঞানী ব্যক্তির মনের পাহারা উচিত,
একটি সুরক্ষিত মন সুখ এনেছে।
ব্যাখ্যা:
মন এত দ্রুত চলে যায় তাই এটি সম্পূর্ণরূপে ধরে রাখা কঠিন। এটা দ্রুত। এটা
যাই হোক না কেন এটা উপর মনোযোগ নিবদ্ধ করার একটি উপায় আছে। এটা ভাল এবং
মনের tame অসাধারণ সুবিধা। Tame মন আনন্দ আসে।
মন এত দ্রুত চলে যায় তাই এটি সম্পূর্ণরূপে ধরে রাখা কঠিন। এটা দ্রুত। এটা
যাই হোক না কেন এটা উপর মনোযোগ নিবদ্ধ করার একটি উপায় আছে। এটা ভাল এবং
মনের tame অসাধারণ সুবিধা। Tame মন আনন্দ আসে।
আয়াত 37. মৃত্যুর ফাঁদ মাইন্ড দ্বারা ভাঙ্গা হতে পারে
দূরে drifting, একা একা straying,
নির্মম, একটি গুহা মধ্যে recumbent।
তারা মারার বন্ড থেকে মুক্ত হবে
যারা এই মন রোধ করে।
ব্যাখ্যা:
মনটি বিশাল দূরত্ব ভ্রমণ করতে সক্ষম - উপরে বা নীচে, উত্তর বা দক্ষিণ,
পূর্ব বা পশ্চিমে - কোনও দিকের মধ্যে। এটা অতীত বা ভবিষ্যতে ভ্রমণ করতে
পারেন। এটা একা সম্পর্কে roams। এটা কোন উপলব্ধি ফর্ম ছাড়া হয়। একজন
ব্যক্তি যদি মনকে সম্পূর্ণরূপে রোধ করতে থাকে তবে তিনি মৃত্যুর বন্ধন থেকে
স্বাধীনতা অর্জন করবেন।
মনটি বিশাল দূরত্ব ভ্রমণ করতে সক্ষম - উপরে বা নীচে, উত্তর বা দক্ষিণ,
পূর্ব বা পশ্চিমে - কোনও দিকের মধ্যে। এটা অতীত বা ভবিষ্যতে ভ্রমণ করতে
পারেন। এটা একা সম্পর্কে roams। এটা কোন উপলব্ধি ফর্ম ছাড়া হয়। একজন
ব্যক্তি যদি মনকে সম্পূর্ণরূপে রোধ করতে থাকে তবে তিনি মৃত্যুর বন্ধন থেকে
স্বাধীনতা অর্জন করবেন।
আয়াত 39. ব্যাপকভাবে জাগ্রত unfrightened হয়
অপ্রত্যাশিত মন এক,
একটি মন যে battered হয় না,
মন্দ পরিত্যাগ, খুব মেধা,
এক জাগ্রত জন্য কোন ভয়।
ব্যাখ্যা:
যে ব্যক্তিটির মন হ’ল আবেগ দ্বারা নষ্ট হয় না, অসুস্থতার দ্বারা
অপ্রাসঙ্গিক এবং যারা ভাল ও মন্দ উভয়ের উপরে উঠেছে, তার কোন ভয় নেই কারণ
সে ব্যাপকভাবে জাগ্রত।
যে ব্যক্তিটির মন হ’ল আবেগ দ্বারা নষ্ট হয় না, অসুস্থতার দ্বারা
অপ্রাসঙ্গিক এবং যারা ভাল ও মন্দ উভয়ের উপরে উঠেছে, তার কোন ভয় নেই কারণ
সে ব্যাপকভাবে জাগ্রত।
আয়াত 40. মৃত্যুর পরাজিত করার জন্য অস্ত্র
এই Urn মত শরীর পরিচিত হচ্ছে,
দুর্গ শহর হিসাবে দৃঢ় এই মন দৃঢ়,
উইজডম-অস্ত্রের সাথে এক মারামারি মারি
বুট রক্ষার সময়, unattached।
ব্যাখ্যা:
শরীরকে দুর্বল, ভঙ্গুর, দুর্বল এবং সহজে বিচ্ছিন্ন হিসাবে মনে করা
বাস্তবসম্মত। আসলে, এটি একটি মৃন্ময় পাত্র হিসাবে এটি বিবেচনা করা আবশ্যক।
মন একটি শহর হিসাবে চিন্তা করা উচিত। এক শহর রক্ষা করার জন্য চিরতরে সচেতন
হতে হবে। মন্দিরের বাহিনীকে জ্ঞানের অস্ত্র নিয়ে যুদ্ধ করা উচিত। যুদ্ধের
পর, একবার আপনি বিজয় অর্জন করলে, মরদেহ আত্মকে সংযুক্ত না করেই থাকুন।
শরীরকে দুর্বল, ভঙ্গুর, দুর্বল এবং সহজে বিচ্ছিন্ন হিসাবে মনে করা
বাস্তবসম্মত। আসলে, এটি একটি মৃন্ময় পাত্র হিসাবে এটি বিবেচনা করা আবশ্যক।
মন একটি শহর হিসাবে চিন্তা করা উচিত। এক শহর রক্ষা করার জন্য চিরতরে সচেতন
হতে হবে। মন্দিরের বাহিনীকে জ্ঞানের অস্ত্র নিয়ে যুদ্ধ করা উচিত। যুদ্ধের
পর, একবার আপনি বিজয় অর্জন করলে, মরদেহ আত্মকে সংযুক্ত না করেই থাকুন।
একটি কার্টুন হতে পারে
আয়াত 43. ভাল প্রশিক্ষিত মন মানুষ excels
কি এক মা, কি বাবা,
যাই হোক না কেন অন্যান্য Kin করতে পারে,
সত্যিই ভাল নির্দেশিত মন
বৃহত্তর ভাল করতে পারেন।
ব্যাখ্যা: ভাল নির্দেশিত চিন্তাধারা হয়তো একজন ব্যক্তির বাবার বা নিজের মায়ের চেয়ে ভাল সাহায্য করতে পারে।
Jisan Khan Shuvo | Tor Moner Pinjiray | তোর মনের পিঞ্জিরায় | Bengali Song | 2018
Eagle Music City
3.66M subscribers
Music video by Jisan Khan Shuvo (Fanush Band) performing Tor Moner Pinjiray (তোর মনের পিঞ্জিরায়) © Eagle Music.
Produced by Kachi Ahmed.
Directed by Eagle Team.
Label- Eagle Music.
This
Bengali song composed by Ankur Mahamud and vocal, lyrics & tune by
Jisan Khan Shuvo. Guitar & Mandolin played by Shuvendu Das Shuvo.
Video edited by Imratul Islam & Color grading by Shamim Hossain.
Bengali song composed by Ankur Mahamud and vocal, lyrics & tune by
Jisan Khan Shuvo. Guitar & Mandolin played by Shuvendu Das Shuvo.
Video edited by Imratul Islam & Color grading by Shamim Hossain.
মনে পড়ে বন্ধু , খুব মনে পড়ে !!
ন্যান্সির নতুন গানের ভিডিও- https://youtu.be/2zFKEB4nZTw
Official Music Video of Tor-Moner-Pinjiray ▼
জিসান খান শুভ @ তোর মনের পিঞ্জিরায়
যার কারণে ছাড়লাম আমি জগৎ সংসার
তবুও সে পাষাণ বন্ধু হইলো না আমার
আমার দুঃখে কাঁদে আকাশ কান্দেরে জমিন
নিদয়া তুই পাষান বন্ধু এতো রে কঠিন
তোর মনের পিঞ্জিরায় তুই কারে দিলি ঠাঁই
কারে এতো করলি আপন পর করে আমায়
তুই ভালো থাকিস বন্ধু আমার সুখে থাকিস রোজ
তোর স্বপ্নে আমি আসবো ঠিকই নিতে তোর খোঁজ
জলে নিভে জোনাকি দিয়ে যায় আলো
তুই ছাড়া একলা আমি কেমনে থাকি ভালো ?
এ ভরা জোছনায় তুই কার পাশে ?
কার বুকেতে মাথা রাখিস কারে ভালোবেসে
এই রঙের দুনিয়ায় আমার চাওয়ার কিছু নাই
রোজ হাশরে চাইবো তোরে খোদার খাজানায়
তখন যদি হায় তোরে না পাই
নিজের জীবন বৃথা ভাববো করার কিছু নাই
Subscribe us on YouTube
Like us on Facebook
Follow us on Instagram
Follow us on Twitter
Official Website of Eagle Music
41) Classical Gujarati-ક્લાસિકલ ગુજરાતી,
ક્લાસિકલ ગુજરાતી માં સત્ય પ્રકરણ 3 મન હકારાત્મક છંદો ટ્રેઝરી ક્લાસિકલ ગુજરાતી,
શ્લોક 33. ધ શાણો માણસ ખેંચાય ધ માઇન્ડ
મન શીખોએ ચળવળ કરતા અથડામણો, wavering,
રક્ષણ કરવા હાર્ડ અને ચેક કરવા મુશ્કેલ છે,
શાણપણ એક સીધા રેન્ડર
તીર નિર્માતા એક શાફ્ટની તરીકે.
સમજૂતી:
ધમ્મપદ, માં ફ્લેચરની કારીગરી અનેક સંદર્ભો હોય છે. બુદ્ધ પ્રક્રિયા છે
જેના દ્વારા એક ફ્લેચર એક કાર્યક્ષમ તીર-શાફ્ટ માં એક સામાન્ય લાકડી
પરિવર્તિત માલુમ પડ્યુ છે તેમ લાગે છે. મન શિસ્ત સમાંતર પ્રક્રિયા હોવા
તરીકે જોવામાં આવે છે. આ કડીને બુદ્ધ માને છે કે શાણા એક સીધી અને steadies
ઢચુપચુ ધ્યાનમાં રાખો કે મુશ્કેલ છે રક્ષણ, એક ફ્લેચર એક તીર-શાફ્ટ
straightening જેમ કહે છે.
ધમ્મપદ, માં ફ્લેચરની કારીગરી અનેક સંદર્ભો હોય છે. બુદ્ધ પ્રક્રિયા છે
જેના દ્વારા એક ફ્લેચર એક કાર્યક્ષમ તીર-શાફ્ટ માં એક સામાન્ય લાકડી
પરિવર્તિત માલુમ પડ્યુ છે તેમ લાગે છે. મન શિસ્ત સમાંતર પ્રક્રિયા હોવા
તરીકે જોવામાં આવે છે. આ કડીને બુદ્ધ માને છે કે શાણા એક સીધી અને steadies
ઢચુપચુ ધ્યાનમાં રાખો કે મુશ્કેલ છે રક્ષણ, એક ફ્લેચર એક તીર-શાફ્ટ
straightening જેમ કહે છે.
શ્લોક 35 થી આનંદનો પ્રતિબંધિત મન લીડ્સ
મન ચેક કરવા ખૂબ મુશ્કેલ છે
અને સ્વિફ્ટ, તે શું કરવા માંગે છે તેના પર પડે છે.
મન તાલીમ સારી છે,
મન જેથી tamed સુખ લાવે છે.
સમજૂતી: મન ખૂબ ગૂઢ છે અને જોઈ શકાય મુશ્કેલ છે. તે ગમે લક્ષ્ય તે ઈચ્છે પર પડી જાય છે. શાણો મન રક્ષણ. રક્ષિત મન આનંદ લાવે છે.
શ્લોક આનંદનો 36 પ્રોટેક્ટેડ મન લીડ્સ
મન જોવું ઘણું મુશ્કેલ છે
અને શોધવા માટે, તે તે શું માંગે પર પડે છે.
જે મુજબની મનમાં રક્ષણ જોઈએ,
એક રક્ષિત મન સુખ લાવે છે.
સમજૂતી:
વિશે જેથી ઝડપી મન ચાલ તે મુશ્કેલ છે, તે પકડી સંપૂર્ણપણે મેળવો. તે
સ્વિફ્ટ છે. તે ગમે તે ગમતો પર ધ્યાન કેન્દ્રિત કરવાનો એક રસ્તો છે. તે
સારી છે અને પુષ્કળ લાભ મન શાંત કરવા. પાળેલા મન આનંદ લાવે છે.
વિશે જેથી ઝડપી મન ચાલ તે મુશ્કેલ છે, તે પકડી સંપૂર્ણપણે મેળવો. તે
સ્વિફ્ટ છે. તે ગમે તે ગમતો પર ધ્યાન કેન્દ્રિત કરવાનો એક રસ્તો છે. તે
સારી છે અને પુષ્કળ લાભ મન શાંત કરવા. પાળેલા મન આનંદ લાવે છે.
શ્લોક 37. મૃત્યુ માતાનો Snare tamed મન કરીને તોડી શકાય છે
અત્યાર સુધી ડ્રિફ્ટિંગ, બધા એકલા straying,
નિરાકાર, એક ગુફામાં આડું પડેલું.
તેઓ મારા માતાનો બોન્ડ મુક્ત થશે
જેઓ આ મન અટકાવવાની.
સમજૂતી:
મન વિશાળ અંતરની મુસાફરી કરવા માટે સક્ષમ છે - ઉપર અથવા નીચે ઉત્તર કે
દક્ષિણ, પૂર્વ કે પશ્ચિમ - કોઈપણ દિશામાં હોય છે. તે ભૂતકાળ અથવા ભવિષ્યના
મુસાફરી કરી શકે છે. તે બધા એકલા વિશે roams. તે કોઇ પણ આંખે જોઈ શકાય તેવી
સ્વરૂપો વગર છે. વ્યક્તિગત સંપૂર્ણપણે મન અટકાવવાની હતી તો તે મૃત્યુ
બોન્ડ્સ જેટલી સ્વતંત્રતા હાંસલ કરશે.
મન વિશાળ અંતરની મુસાફરી કરવા માટે સક્ષમ છે - ઉપર અથવા નીચે ઉત્તર કે
દક્ષિણ, પૂર્વ કે પશ્ચિમ - કોઈપણ દિશામાં હોય છે. તે ભૂતકાળ અથવા ભવિષ્યના
મુસાફરી કરી શકે છે. તે બધા એકલા વિશે roams. તે કોઇ પણ આંખે જોઈ શકાય તેવી
સ્વરૂપો વગર છે. વ્યક્તિગત સંપૂર્ણપણે મન અટકાવવાની હતી તો તે મૃત્યુ
બોન્ડ્સ જેટલી સ્વતંત્રતા હાંસલ કરશે.
શ્લોક 39. વાઈડ જાગવું છે Unfrightened
unflooded મન એક,
મનમાં છૂંદી નથી,
પણ ત્યાગ અનિષ્ટ, ગુણવત્તા,
કોઈ જાગૃત ચિંતા.
સમજૂતી:
જે વ્યક્તિ ખરાબ થશે અને જે બંને સારા અને અનિષ્ટ ઉપર વધારો થયો છે દ્વારા
મનમાં ઉત્કટ દ્વારા શકાયા નથી, અકબંધ, ત્યાં કોઈ ભય છે કારણ કે તેઓ વિશાળ
જાગૃત છે.
જે વ્યક્તિ ખરાબ થશે અને જે બંને સારા અને અનિષ્ટ ઉપર વધારો થયો છે દ્વારા
મનમાં ઉત્કટ દ્વારા શકાયા નથી, અકબંધ, ત્યાં કોઈ ભય છે કારણ કે તેઓ વિશાળ
જાગૃત છે.
શ્લોક 40. હથિયારો હાર મૃત્યુ
આ ફૂલદાની જેવી શરીર ઓળખાય હોવાથી,
ગઢ નગર તરીકે આ મન દૃઢ થતો ગયો,
શાણપણ-શસ્ત્ર સાથે એક સંઘર્ષ મારા
જ્યારે બૂટી રક્ષણ, ન જોડાયેલ.
સમજૂતી:
તે નિર્બળ, નાજુક, નાજુક અને સરળતાથી જોડ્યા શરીરના વિચારો વાસ્તવવાદી છે.
હકીકતમાં, એક તે માટી જહાજ તરીકે ધ્યાનમાં લેવી જ જોઈએ. મન એક શહેર તરીકે
વિચારવામાં કરવી જોઈએ. એક શાશ્વત શહેર રક્ષણ કરવા માટે સજગ હોવી જોઇએ.
અનિષ્ટ દળો શાણપણ હથિયાર સાથે લડ્યા શકાય છે. યુદ્ધ પછી, એક વાર તમે વિજય
હાંસલ, લાઇવ જીવલેણ સ્વ જોડાયેલ વિના છે.
તે નિર્બળ, નાજુક, નાજુક અને સરળતાથી જોડ્યા શરીરના વિચારો વાસ્તવવાદી છે.
હકીકતમાં, એક તે માટી જહાજ તરીકે ધ્યાનમાં લેવી જ જોઈએ. મન એક શહેર તરીકે
વિચારવામાં કરવી જોઈએ. એક શાશ્વત શહેર રક્ષણ કરવા માટે સજગ હોવી જોઇએ.
અનિષ્ટ દળો શાણપણ હથિયાર સાથે લડ્યા શકાય છે. યુદ્ધ પછી, એક વાર તમે વિજય
હાંસલ, લાઇવ જીવલેણ સ્વ જોડાયેલ વિના છે.
એક કાર્ટૂન હોઈ શકે
શ્લોક 43 તાલીમબદ્ધ મન સારી રીતે કરી શકતો લોકો
શું એક માતા, શું એક પિતા,
ગમે અન્ય કિન કરી શકે,
તેમજ નિર્દેશિત મન ખરેખર
વધારે સારું કરી શકે છે.
સમજૂતી: સારી રીતે વિચારો એક પિતા અથવા એક માતા કરતાં વ્યક્તિ વધુ સારી મદદ કરી શકે આદેશ આપ્યો હતો.
Gujarati Rhymes For Kids HD | Ay To Kevi Ajab | Rain Rhyme | Gujarati Songs For Children HD
Pebbles Gujarati
1.53M subscribers
Pebbles
present Gujarati Rhymes for Children. Most popular Gujarati Rhymes for
kids. Pebbles Gujarati Rhymes, Gujarati Balgeet, Gujarati Nursery
rhymes, Collection of Gujarati Rhymes, Gujarati Rhymes Playlist, Nursery
Rhymes Collection, Gujarati Poems, Gujarati Children Songs, Kids Songs
Gujarati, Gujarati Baby Songs, Gujarati Bhajans, Gujarati Aartis,
Gujarati MP3, Gujarati Rhymes Lyrics
present Gujarati Rhymes for Children. Most popular Gujarati Rhymes for
kids. Pebbles Gujarati Rhymes, Gujarati Balgeet, Gujarati Nursery
rhymes, Collection of Gujarati Rhymes, Gujarati Rhymes Playlist, Nursery
Rhymes Collection, Gujarati Poems, Gujarati Children Songs, Kids Songs
Gujarati, Gujarati Baby Songs, Gujarati Bhajans, Gujarati Aartis,
Gujarati MP3, Gujarati Rhymes Lyrics
youtube.com
Gujarati Rhymes For Kids HD | Ay To Kevi Ajab | Rain Rhyme | Gujarati Songs For Children HD
55) Classical Kannada- ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರೀಯ ಕನ್ನಡ,
ಸತ್ಯದ ಅಧ್ಯಾಯ 3 ಖಜಾನೆ 3 ಕ್ಲಾಸಿಕಲ್ ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಮನಸ್ಸು ಧನಾತ್ಮಕ ಶ್ಲೋಕಗಳು-
ಶ್ಲೋಕ 33. ಬುದ್ಧಿವಂತ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿ ಮನಸ್ಸನ್ನು ನೇರಗೊಳಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ
ಮನಸ್ಸು ಕ್ಷೋಭೆಗೊಳಗಾದ, ವೇವರ್,
ಕಾವಲು ಮತ್ತು ಪರೀಕ್ಷಿಸಲು ಕಷ್ಟ,
ಬುದ್ಧಿವಂತಿಕೆಯು ನೇರವಾಗಿ ನಿಲ್ಲುತ್ತದೆ
ಬಾಣ-ಮೇಕರ್ ಶಾಫ್ಟ್ ಆಗಿ.
ವಿವರಣೆ:
ಧಮ್ಮಪಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಫ್ಲೆಚರ್ ಕುಶಲಕರ್ಮಿತ್ವಕ್ಕೆ ಹಲವಾರು ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಗಳಿವೆ. ಒಂದು ಫ್ಲೆಚರ್
ಒಂದು ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ಸ್ಟಿಕ್ ಅನ್ನು ಪರಿಣಾಮಕಾರಿ ಬಾಣ-ಶಾಫ್ಟ್ ಆಗಿ ರೂಪಾಂತರಿಸುವ
ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಯನ್ನು ಬುದ್ಧರು ಗಮನಿಸಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಮನಸ್ಸಿನ ಶಿಸ್ತುಗಳನ್ನು ಸಮಾನಾಂತರ
ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆ ಎಂದು ಪರಿಗಣಿಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಈ ಶ್ವೇತದಲ್ಲಿ ಬುದ್ಧಿವಂತರು ನೇರಳೆ-ಶಾಫ್ಟ್
ಅನ್ನು ನೇರವಾಗಿ ಫ್ರೀಚರ್ ಮಾಡುವಂತೆ ಕಾಪಾಡುವುದು ಕಷ್ಟಕರವಾದ ಮ್ಯೂಲೈಟಿಂಗ್
ಮನಸ್ಸನ್ನು ನಿರ್ಲಕ್ಷಿಸಿ ಮತ್ತು ಸ್ಥಿರವಾಗಿರುತ್ತದೆ ಎಂದು ಬುದ್ಧನು ಹೇಳುತ್ತಾನೆ.
ಧಮ್ಮಪಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಫ್ಲೆಚರ್ ಕುಶಲಕರ್ಮಿತ್ವಕ್ಕೆ ಹಲವಾರು ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಗಳಿವೆ. ಒಂದು ಫ್ಲೆಚರ್
ಒಂದು ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ಸ್ಟಿಕ್ ಅನ್ನು ಪರಿಣಾಮಕಾರಿ ಬಾಣ-ಶಾಫ್ಟ್ ಆಗಿ ರೂಪಾಂತರಿಸುವ
ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಯನ್ನು ಬುದ್ಧರು ಗಮನಿಸಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಮನಸ್ಸಿನ ಶಿಸ್ತುಗಳನ್ನು ಸಮಾನಾಂತರ
ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆ ಎಂದು ಪರಿಗಣಿಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಈ ಶ್ವೇತದಲ್ಲಿ ಬುದ್ಧಿವಂತರು ನೇರಳೆ-ಶಾಫ್ಟ್
ಅನ್ನು ನೇರವಾಗಿ ಫ್ರೀಚರ್ ಮಾಡುವಂತೆ ಕಾಪಾಡುವುದು ಕಷ್ಟಕರವಾದ ಮ್ಯೂಲೈಟಿಂಗ್
ಮನಸ್ಸನ್ನು ನಿರ್ಲಕ್ಷಿಸಿ ಮತ್ತು ಸ್ಥಿರವಾಗಿರುತ್ತದೆ ಎಂದು ಬುದ್ಧನು ಹೇಳುತ್ತಾನೆ.
ಪದ್ಯ 35. ನಿರ್ಬಂಧಿತ ಮನಸ್ಸು ಸಂತೋಷಕ್ಕೆ ಕಾರಣವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ
ಮನಸ್ಸು ಪರೀಕ್ಷಿಸಲು ತುಂಬಾ ಕಷ್ಟ
ಮತ್ತು ಸ್ವಿಫ್ಟ್, ಅದು ಏನು ಬಯಸಿದೆ ಎಂಬುದರ ಮೇಲೆ ಬೀಳುತ್ತದೆ.
ಮನಸ್ಸಿನ ತರಬೇತಿ ಒಳ್ಳೆಯದು,
ಒಂದು ಮನಸ್ಸು ತುಂಬಾ ಸಂತೋಷವನ್ನು ತರುತ್ತದೆ.
ವಿವರಣೆ:
ಮನಸ್ಸು ಹೆಚ್ಚು ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮ ಮತ್ತು ಕಾಣುವ ಕಷ್ಟ. ಇದು ಬಯಸಿದ ಯಾವುದೇ ಗುರಿಯನ್ನು ಇದು
ಅಂಟಿಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತದೆ. ಬುದ್ಧಿವಂತನು ಮನಸ್ಸನ್ನು ಕಾಪಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಕಾವಲು ಮಾಡಿದ
ಮನಸ್ಸು ಆನಂದವನ್ನು ತರುತ್ತದೆ.
ಮನಸ್ಸು ಹೆಚ್ಚು ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮ ಮತ್ತು ಕಾಣುವ ಕಷ್ಟ. ಇದು ಬಯಸಿದ ಯಾವುದೇ ಗುರಿಯನ್ನು ಇದು
ಅಂಟಿಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತದೆ. ಬುದ್ಧಿವಂತನು ಮನಸ್ಸನ್ನು ಕಾಪಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಕಾವಲು ಮಾಡಿದ
ಮನಸ್ಸು ಆನಂದವನ್ನು ತರುತ್ತದೆ.
ಪದ್ಯ 36. ಸಂರಕ್ಷಿತ ಮನಸ್ಸು ಸಂತೋಷಕ್ಕೆ ಕಾರಣವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ
ಮನಸ್ಸು ನೋಡಲು ತುಂಬಾ ಕಷ್ಟ
ಮತ್ತು ಕಂಡುಹಿಡಿಯಿರಿ, ಅದು ಏನು ಬಯಸಿದೆ ಎಂಬುದರ ಮೇಲೆ ಬೀಳುತ್ತದೆ.
ಬುದ್ಧಿವಂತನು ಮನಸ್ಸನ್ನು ಕಾಪಾಡಬೇಕು,
ಕಾವಲು ಮಾಡಿದ ಮನಸ್ಸು ಸಂತೋಷವನ್ನು ತರುತ್ತದೆ.
ವಿವರಣೆ:
ಮನಸ್ಸು ತುಂಬಾ ವೇಗವಾಗಿ ಚಲಿಸುತ್ತದೆ ಇದು ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣವಾಗಿ ಹಿಡಿದಿಡಲು ಕಷ್ಟ. ಇದು
ಸ್ವಿಫ್ಟ್ ಆಗಿದೆ. ಇದು ಇಷ್ಟಪಡುವ ಯಾವುದೇ ಮೇಲೆ ಕೇಂದ್ರೀಕರಿಸುವ ಒಂದು ಮಾರ್ಗವನ್ನು
ಹೊಂದಿದೆ. ಮನಸ್ಸನ್ನು ತಗ್ಗಿಸಲು ಇದು ಒಳ್ಳೆಯದು ಮತ್ತು ಅಪಾರ ಪ್ರಯೋಜನ. ತಳಿ ಮನಸ್ಸು
ಆನಂದವನ್ನು ತರುತ್ತದೆ.
ಮನಸ್ಸು ತುಂಬಾ ವೇಗವಾಗಿ ಚಲಿಸುತ್ತದೆ ಇದು ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣವಾಗಿ ಹಿಡಿದಿಡಲು ಕಷ್ಟ. ಇದು
ಸ್ವಿಫ್ಟ್ ಆಗಿದೆ. ಇದು ಇಷ್ಟಪಡುವ ಯಾವುದೇ ಮೇಲೆ ಕೇಂದ್ರೀಕರಿಸುವ ಒಂದು ಮಾರ್ಗವನ್ನು
ಹೊಂದಿದೆ. ಮನಸ್ಸನ್ನು ತಗ್ಗಿಸಲು ಇದು ಒಳ್ಳೆಯದು ಮತ್ತು ಅಪಾರ ಪ್ರಯೋಜನ. ತಳಿ ಮನಸ್ಸು
ಆನಂದವನ್ನು ತರುತ್ತದೆ.
ಪದ್ಯ 37. ಡೆತ್ ತಂದೆಯ ತಳವನ್ನು ಪಲಾಯನಗೊಳಿಸುವ ಮೂಲಕ ಮುರಿಯಬಹುದು
ದೂರದ ಡ್ರಿಫ್ಟಿಂಗ್, ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಮಾತ್ರ ದಾರಿ,
ರೂಪವಿಲ್ಲದ, ಗುಹೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಮರುಬಳಕೆ ಮಾಡಿ.
ಅವರು ಮಾರ ಬಂಧಗಳಿಂದ ಮುಕ್ತರಾಗುತ್ತಾರೆ
ಯಾರು ಈ ಮನಸ್ಸನ್ನು ನಿಗ್ರಹಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ.
ವಿವರಣೆ:
ಮನಸ್ಸು ವಿಶಾಲ ದೂರ ಪ್ರಯಾಣ - ಅಪ್ ಅಥವಾ ಕೆಳಗೆ, ಉತ್ತರ ಅಥವಾ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ, ಪೂರ್ವ ಅಥವಾ
ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ - ಯಾವುದೇ ದಿಕ್ಕಿನಲ್ಲಿ. ಇದು ಹಿಂದಿನ ಅಥವಾ ಭವಿಷ್ಯಕ್ಕೆ ಪ್ರಯಾಣಿಸಬಹುದು.
ಇದು ಎಲ್ಲದರ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಸುತ್ತುತ್ತದೆ. ಇದು ಯಾವುದೇ ಗ್ರಹಿಸಬಹುದಾದ ರೂಪಗಳಿಲ್ಲ. ಒಬ್ಬ
ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯು ಮನಸ್ಸನ್ನು ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣವಾಗಿ ನಿಗ್ರಹಿಸಬೇಕಾದರೆ, ಅವರು ಸಾವಿನ ಬಂಧಗಳಿಂದ
ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯವನ್ನು ಸಾಧಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ.
ಮನಸ್ಸು ವಿಶಾಲ ದೂರ ಪ್ರಯಾಣ - ಅಪ್ ಅಥವಾ ಕೆಳಗೆ, ಉತ್ತರ ಅಥವಾ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ, ಪೂರ್ವ ಅಥವಾ
ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ - ಯಾವುದೇ ದಿಕ್ಕಿನಲ್ಲಿ. ಇದು ಹಿಂದಿನ ಅಥವಾ ಭವಿಷ್ಯಕ್ಕೆ ಪ್ರಯಾಣಿಸಬಹುದು.
ಇದು ಎಲ್ಲದರ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಸುತ್ತುತ್ತದೆ. ಇದು ಯಾವುದೇ ಗ್ರಹಿಸಬಹುದಾದ ರೂಪಗಳಿಲ್ಲ. ಒಬ್ಬ
ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯು ಮನಸ್ಸನ್ನು ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣವಾಗಿ ನಿಗ್ರಹಿಸಬೇಕಾದರೆ, ಅವರು ಸಾವಿನ ಬಂಧಗಳಿಂದ
ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯವನ್ನು ಸಾಧಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ.
ಪದ್ಯ 39. ವಿಶಾಲ ಎಚ್ಚರವು ಅಸಹಜವಾಗಿದೆ
ಪುಡಿಮಾಡಿದ ಮನಸ್ಸಿನಲ್ಲಿ,
ಜರ್ಜರಿಸದ ಮನಸ್ಸು,
ದುಷ್ಟವನ್ನು ತೊರೆಯುವುದು, ತುಂಬಾ ಅರ್ಹತೆ,
ಒಂದು ಅವೇಕ್ಗೆ ಭಯವಿಲ್ಲ.
ವಿವರಣೆ:
ಮನಸ್ಸಿನ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯು ಉತ್ಸಾಹದಿಂದ ಕುಸಿದಿಲ್ಲ, ಅನಾರೋಗ್ಯದ ಮೂಲಕ ಅಸಂಘಟಿತ ಮತ್ತು
ಒಳ್ಳೆಯ ಮತ್ತು ದುಷ್ಟರ ಮೇಲೆ ಏರಿತು, ಅವರು ವಿಶಾಲವಾದ ಎಚ್ಚರವಾಗಿರುವುದರಿಂದ ಯಾವುದೇ
ಭಯವಿಲ್ಲ.
ಮನಸ್ಸಿನ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯು ಉತ್ಸಾಹದಿಂದ ಕುಸಿದಿಲ್ಲ, ಅನಾರೋಗ್ಯದ ಮೂಲಕ ಅಸಂಘಟಿತ ಮತ್ತು
ಒಳ್ಳೆಯ ಮತ್ತು ದುಷ್ಟರ ಮೇಲೆ ಏರಿತು, ಅವರು ವಿಶಾಲವಾದ ಎಚ್ಚರವಾಗಿರುವುದರಿಂದ ಯಾವುದೇ
ಭಯವಿಲ್ಲ.
ಪದ್ಯ 40. ಶಸ್ತ್ರಾಸ್ತ್ರಗಳನ್ನು ಸೋಲಿಸಲು
ಈ URN ತರಹದ ದೇಹವನ್ನು ತಿಳಿದಿರುವ ನಂತರ,
ಫೋರ್ಟ್ರೆಸ್ ಪಟ್ಟಣವಾಗಿ ಈ ಮನಸ್ಸನ್ನು ದೃಢಪಡಿಸಿದರು,
ವಿಸ್ಡಮ್-ವೆಪನ್ ಒನ್ ಫೈಟ್ಸ್ ಮಾರಾ
ಬೂಟಿಯನ್ನು ಕಾಪಾಡಿಕೊಂಡು, ಸಂಪರ್ಕಿಸದೆ.
ವಿವರಣೆ:
ದೇಹವನ್ನು ದುರ್ಬಲ, ದುರ್ಬಲವಾದ, ನಿಷ್ಕ್ರಿಯ ಮತ್ತು ಸುಲಭವಾಗಿ ವಿಭಜನೆಯಾಗುವಂತೆ
ದೇಹದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಯೋಚಿಸುವುದು ವಾಸ್ತವಿಕವಾಗಿದೆ. ವಾಸ್ತವವಾಗಿ, ಒಂದು ಮಣ್ಣಿನ ಪಾತ್ರೆ
ಎಂದು ಪರಿಗಣಿಸಬೇಕು. ಮನಸ್ಸನ್ನು ನಗರವಾಗಿ ಯೋಚಿಸಬೇಕು. ನಗರವನ್ನು ರಕ್ಷಿಸಲು
ನಿರಂತರವಾಗಿ ಜಾಗರೂಕರಾಗಿರಬೇಕು. ದುಷ್ಟ ಶಕ್ತಿಗಳು ಬುದ್ಧಿವಂತಿಕೆಯ
ಶಸ್ತ್ರಾಸ್ತ್ರಗಳೊಂದಿಗೆ ಹೋರಾಡಬೇಕಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಯುದ್ಧದ ನಂತರ, ನೀವು ವಿಜಯ ಸಾಧಿಸಿದ
ನಂತರ, ಮಾರಣಾಂತಿಕ ಸ್ವಯಂಗೆ ಲಗತ್ತಿಸದೆ ಬದುಕಬೇಕು.
ದೇಹವನ್ನು ದುರ್ಬಲ, ದುರ್ಬಲವಾದ, ನಿಷ್ಕ್ರಿಯ ಮತ್ತು ಸುಲಭವಾಗಿ ವಿಭಜನೆಯಾಗುವಂತೆ
ದೇಹದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಯೋಚಿಸುವುದು ವಾಸ್ತವಿಕವಾಗಿದೆ. ವಾಸ್ತವವಾಗಿ, ಒಂದು ಮಣ್ಣಿನ ಪಾತ್ರೆ
ಎಂದು ಪರಿಗಣಿಸಬೇಕು. ಮನಸ್ಸನ್ನು ನಗರವಾಗಿ ಯೋಚಿಸಬೇಕು. ನಗರವನ್ನು ರಕ್ಷಿಸಲು
ನಿರಂತರವಾಗಿ ಜಾಗರೂಕರಾಗಿರಬೇಕು. ದುಷ್ಟ ಶಕ್ತಿಗಳು ಬುದ್ಧಿವಂತಿಕೆಯ
ಶಸ್ತ್ರಾಸ್ತ್ರಗಳೊಂದಿಗೆ ಹೋರಾಡಬೇಕಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಯುದ್ಧದ ನಂತರ, ನೀವು ವಿಜಯ ಸಾಧಿಸಿದ
ನಂತರ, ಮಾರಣಾಂತಿಕ ಸ್ವಯಂಗೆ ಲಗತ್ತಿಸದೆ ಬದುಕಬೇಕು.
ಒಂದು ಕಾರ್ಟೂನ್ ಆಗಿರಬಹುದು
ಶ್ಲೋಕ 43. ಚೆನ್ನಾಗಿ ತರಬೇತಿ ಪಡೆದ ಮನಸ್ಸು ಜನರನ್ನು ಉತ್ಪಾದಿಸುತ್ತದೆ
ಒಬ್ಬರ ತಾಯಿ, ಒಬ್ಬರ ತಂದೆ,
ಇತರ ಯಾವುದೇ ಕಿನ್ ಮಾಡಬಹುದು,
ಒಳ್ಳೆಯ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಿತ ಮನಸ್ಸು ನಿಜಕ್ಕೂ
ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನದನ್ನು ಮಾಡಬಹುದು.
ವಿವರಣೆ: ಚೆನ್ನಾಗಿ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಿಸಿದ ಆಲೋಚನೆಗಳು ಒಬ್ಬರ ತಂದೆ ಅಥವಾ ಒಬ್ಬರ ತಾಯಿಗಿಂತ ಉತ್ತಮ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಗೆ ಸಹಾಯ ಮಾಡಬಹುದು.
Roxy Brennan - Covergirl (3 years old)
DancingWithYT
1.51M subscribers
6th • 3 years old • Jazz
Choreographed by Jesse Beaudoin
C & C Dance Company
ATTENTION:
Any dancer, parent, choreographer, or studio director interested in
having their dance featured on DancingWithYT e-mail a link to download
the video (not a YouTube link) to dancedancerddr@yahoo.com. As well as,
the following information in the e-mail: choreographer, age division,
placing, and studio name. Photos of the dance would be useful too! Thank
you and keep dancing!!
Any dancer, parent, choreographer, or studio director interested in
having their dance featured on DancingWithYT e-mail a link to download
the video (not a YouTube link) to dancedancerddr@yahoo.com. As well as,
the following information in the e-mail: choreographer, age division,
placing, and studio name. Photos of the dance would be useful too! Thank
you and keep dancing!!
Roxy Brennan - Covergirl (3 years old)
6th
• 3 years old • JazzChoreographed by Jesse BeaudoinC & C Dance
CompanyATTENTION: Any dancer, parent, choreographer, or studio director
interested in havi…
• 3 years old • JazzChoreographed by Jesse BeaudoinC & C Dance
CompanyATTENTION: Any dancer, parent, choreographer, or studio director
interested in havi…
0 comments
70) Classical Malayalam-ക്ലാസിക്കൽ മലയാളം,
സത്യം ട്രഷറി 3-ാം വാസന്യം
ക്ലാസിക്കൽ മലയാളം- ഒരു തരത്തിലിറങ്ങുക,
33. ജ്ഞാനിയായവൻ മനസ്സിനെ നേരെയാക്കുന്നു
മനസ്സ് പ്രകോപിതരായി, അലയടിക്കുന്നു,
കാവൽ നിൽക്കാനും പരിശോധിക്കാനും പ്രയാസമാണ്,
ഒരു ജ്ഞാനം നേരെയാക്കുന്നു
അമ്പടയാളം ഒരു ഷാഫ്റ്റ് പോലെ.
വിശദീകരണം:
ധർമ്മപദയിൽ ഫ്ലെച്ചറിന്റെ കരക man ശലത്തിന് നിരവധി പരാമർശങ്ങളുണ്ട്. ഒരു
വസ്തുതയെ കാര്യക്ഷമമായ അമ്പടയാളം ഒരു പ്രധാന അമ്പടയാളം മാറ്റുന്നതിലൂടെ ഒരു
ഫ്ലെച്ചർ പരിവർത്തനം ചെയ്യുന്ന പ്രക്രിയ ബുദ്ധൻ നിരീക്ഷിച്ച പ്രക്രിയയാണ്.
മനസ്സിന്റെ അച്ചടക്കം ഒരു സമാന്തര പ്രക്രിയയാണെന്ന് കാണുന്നു. ഒരു
അമ്പടയാളം നേരെയാക്കുന്ന ഒരു അമ്പടയാളം നേരെയാക്കുന്നതുപോലെ, ഒരു ഫ്ലെച്ചറെ
നേരെയാക്കുന്നതുപോലെ, ജാഗ്രത പാലിക്കുന്ന മനസ്സുള്ള മനസ്സുള്ള മനസ്സുള്ള ഈ
തർസയിൽ ബുദ്ധൻ പറയുന്നു.
ധർമ്മപദയിൽ ഫ്ലെച്ചറിന്റെ കരക man ശലത്തിന് നിരവധി പരാമർശങ്ങളുണ്ട്. ഒരു
വസ്തുതയെ കാര്യക്ഷമമായ അമ്പടയാളം ഒരു പ്രധാന അമ്പടയാളം മാറ്റുന്നതിലൂടെ ഒരു
ഫ്ലെച്ചർ പരിവർത്തനം ചെയ്യുന്ന പ്രക്രിയ ബുദ്ധൻ നിരീക്ഷിച്ച പ്രക്രിയയാണ്.
മനസ്സിന്റെ അച്ചടക്കം ഒരു സമാന്തര പ്രക്രിയയാണെന്ന് കാണുന്നു. ഒരു
അമ്പടയാളം നേരെയാക്കുന്ന ഒരു അമ്പടയാളം നേരെയാക്കുന്നതുപോലെ, ഒരു ഫ്ലെച്ചറെ
നേരെയാക്കുന്നതുപോലെ, ജാഗ്രത പാലിക്കുന്ന മനസ്സുള്ള മനസ്സുള്ള മനസ്സുള്ള ഈ
തർസയിൽ ബുദ്ധൻ പറയുന്നു.
35 വാക്യം നിയന്ത്രിത മനസ്സ് സന്തോഷത്തിലേക്ക് നയിക്കുന്നു
പരിശോധിക്കാൻ മനസ്സ് വളരെ ബുദ്ധിമുട്ടാണ്
വേഗത്തിൽ, അത് ആഗ്രഹിക്കുന്ന കാര്യങ്ങളിൽ പതിക്കുന്നു.
മനസ്സിന്റെ പരിശീലനം നല്ലതാണ്,
സോഡ് മെരുക്കുന്ന ഒരു മനസ്സ് സന്തോഷം നൽകുന്നു.
വിശദീകരണം:
മനസ്സ് വളരെ സൂക്ഷ്മമാണ്, കാണാൻ പ്രയാസമാണ്. അത് ആഗ്രഹിക്കുന്ന ടാർഗെറ്റിൽ
ഇത് അറ്റാച്ചുചെയ്യുന്നു. ജ്ഞാനികൾ മനസ്സിനെ കാത്തുസൂക്ഷിക്കുന്നു. കാവൽ
നിൽക്കുന്ന മനസ്സ് ആനന്ദം നൽകുന്നു.
മനസ്സ് വളരെ സൂക്ഷ്മമാണ്, കാണാൻ പ്രയാസമാണ്. അത് ആഗ്രഹിക്കുന്ന ടാർഗെറ്റിൽ
ഇത് അറ്റാച്ചുചെയ്യുന്നു. ജ്ഞാനികൾ മനസ്സിനെ കാത്തുസൂക്ഷിക്കുന്നു. കാവൽ
നിൽക്കുന്ന മനസ്സ് ആനന്ദം നൽകുന്നു.
36-ാം വാക്യം പരിരക്ഷിത മനസ്സ് സന്തോഷത്തിലേക്ക് നയിക്കുന്നു
മനസ്സ് കാണാൻ വളരെ പ്രയാസമാണ്
കണ്ടെത്തുക, അത് ആഗ്രഹിക്കുന്നതിന്റെ കാര്യത്തിൽ വീഴുന്നു.
ജ്ഞാനിയായവൻ മനസ്സിനെ കാത്തുസൂക്ഷിക്കണം,
കാവൽ നിൽക്കുന്ന മനസ്സ് സന്തോഷം നൽകുന്നു.
വിശദീകരണം:
മനസ്സ് വളരെ വേഗത്തിൽ നീങ്ങുന്നു അത് പൂർണ്ണമായും പിടിക്കാൻ പ്രയാസമാണ്.
അത് വേഗത്തിലാണ്. ഇഷ്ടപ്പെടുന്നതെന്തും കേന്ദ്രീകരിക്കുന്നതിനുള്ള ഒരു
മാർഗമുണ്ട്. മനസ്സിനെ മെരുക്കാൻ ഇത് നല്ലതും നേട്ടവുമാണ്. മെരുക്കിയ മനസ്സ്
ആനന്ദം നൽകുന്നു.
മനസ്സ് വളരെ വേഗത്തിൽ നീങ്ങുന്നു അത് പൂർണ്ണമായും പിടിക്കാൻ പ്രയാസമാണ്.
അത് വേഗത്തിലാണ്. ഇഷ്ടപ്പെടുന്നതെന്തും കേന്ദ്രീകരിക്കുന്നതിനുള്ള ഒരു
മാർഗമുണ്ട്. മനസ്സിനെ മെരുക്കാൻ ഇത് നല്ലതും നേട്ടവുമാണ്. മെരുക്കിയ മനസ്സ്
ആനന്ദം നൽകുന്നു.
37. ചരിത്രമുള്ള മനസ്സിൽ മരണത്തിന്റെ കൃഷി തകർക്കാൻ കഴിയും
വളരെ ദൂരെയായി മാറുന്നു, എല്ലാം വഴിതെറ്റിക്കുന്നു,
രൂപമില്ലാത്തത്, ഒരു ഗുഹയിൽ പലായനം.
അവർ മാരന്റെ ബോണ്ടുകളിൽ നിന്ന് സ്വതന്ത്രരാകും
ഈ മനസ്സിനെ തടയുന്നവർ.
വിശദീകരണം:
എളുപ്പത്തിൽ, താഴേക്ക്, താഴേക്ക്, വടക്കോ തെക്കോട്ട്, കിഴക്ക് അല്ലെങ്കിൽ
പടിഞ്ഞാറ് - ഏതെങ്കിലും ദിശയിൽ മനസിലാക്കാൻ മനസ്സിന് കഴിവുണ്ട്. അതിന്
ഭൂതകാലത്തിലേക്കോ ഭാവിയിലേക്കോ യാത്ര ചെയ്യാം. ഇത് എല്ലാവരേയും ഒറ്റയ്ക്ക്
കറങ്ങുന്നു. അത് ഒരു തരത്തിലുള്ള രൂപങ്ങളില്ലാതെയാണ്. ഒരു വ്യക്തി മനസ്സിനെ
പൂർണ്ണമായി നിയന്ത്രിക്കുകയാണെങ്കിൽ, മരണബന്ധങ്ങളിൽ നിന്ന് അവൻ
സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം നേടും.
എളുപ്പത്തിൽ, താഴേക്ക്, താഴേക്ക്, വടക്കോ തെക്കോട്ട്, കിഴക്ക് അല്ലെങ്കിൽ
പടിഞ്ഞാറ് - ഏതെങ്കിലും ദിശയിൽ മനസിലാക്കാൻ മനസ്സിന് കഴിവുണ്ട്. അതിന്
ഭൂതകാലത്തിലേക്കോ ഭാവിയിലേക്കോ യാത്ര ചെയ്യാം. ഇത് എല്ലാവരേയും ഒറ്റയ്ക്ക്
കറങ്ങുന്നു. അത് ഒരു തരത്തിലുള്ള രൂപങ്ങളില്ലാതെയാണ്. ഒരു വ്യക്തി മനസ്സിനെ
പൂർണ്ണമായി നിയന്ത്രിക്കുകയാണെങ്കിൽ, മരണബന്ധങ്ങളിൽ നിന്ന് അവൻ
സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം നേടും.
39. വീതി-ഉണർന്നിരിക്കാൻ
അശ്രദ്ധയില്ലാത്ത മനസ്സിന്റെ ഒന്ന്,
തകർക്കാത്ത ഒരു മനസ്സ്,
തിന്മ ഉപേക്ഷിക്കുന്നു, മെറിറ്റും,
ഉണർന്നിരിക്കാൻ ഭയമില്ല.
വിശദീകരണം: മനസ്സിന്റെ പുകകൊണ്ടു കഷ്ടപ്പെടുകയും നല്ലതും തിന്മയും മുകളിൽ വഞ്ചിതരായ, അവൻ വിശാലമായ ഉണരുകയും ചെയ്തതിനാൽ ഭയമില്ല.
40. മരണത്തെ പരാജയപ്പെടുത്താൻ ആയുധങ്ങൾ
ഈ URN പോലുള്ള ശരീരം അറിയുന്നതിലൂടെ,
കോട്ട പട്ടണമായി ഈ മനസ്സിനെ ഉറപ്പിച്ചു,
ജ്ഞാന ആയുധം ഉപയോഗിച്ച് ഒരു പോരാട്ടങ്ങൾ മാര
ബൂട്ടിയെ അറ്റാച്ചുചെയ്തിട്ടില്ല.
വിശദീകരണം:
ശരീരത്തെ ദുർബലവും ദുർബലവുമായ, ദുർബലതയും എളുപ്പത്തിൽ
വിഘടിപ്പിക്കുന്നതിനും യാഥാർത്ഥ്യമാണ്. വാസ്തവത്തിൽ, അത് ഒരു കളിമൺ
പാത്രമായി കണക്കാക്കണം. മനസ്സ് ഒരു നഗരമായി കണക്കാക്കണം. നഗരത്തെ
സംരക്ഷിക്കാൻ ഒരാൾ നിരന്തരം ശ്രദ്ധിക്കേണ്ടതുണ്ട്. തിന്മയുടെ ശക്തികൾ
ജ്ഞാനത്തിന്റെ ആയുധങ്ങളുമായി യുദ്ധം ചെയ്യേണ്ടതുണ്ട്. യുദ്ധത്തിനുശേഷം,
നിങ്ങൾക്ക് വിജയം കൈവരിച്ചുകഴിഞ്ഞാൽ, മർത്യമായ സ്വയം ഘടിപ്പിക്കാതെ
ജീവിക്കുക.
ശരീരത്തെ ദുർബലവും ദുർബലവുമായ, ദുർബലതയും എളുപ്പത്തിൽ
വിഘടിപ്പിക്കുന്നതിനും യാഥാർത്ഥ്യമാണ്. വാസ്തവത്തിൽ, അത് ഒരു കളിമൺ
പാത്രമായി കണക്കാക്കണം. മനസ്സ് ഒരു നഗരമായി കണക്കാക്കണം. നഗരത്തെ
സംരക്ഷിക്കാൻ ഒരാൾ നിരന്തരം ശ്രദ്ധിക്കേണ്ടതുണ്ട്. തിന്മയുടെ ശക്തികൾ
ജ്ഞാനത്തിന്റെ ആയുധങ്ങളുമായി യുദ്ധം ചെയ്യേണ്ടതുണ്ട്. യുദ്ധത്തിനുശേഷം,
നിങ്ങൾക്ക് വിജയം കൈവരിച്ചുകഴിഞ്ഞാൽ, മർത്യമായ സ്വയം ഘടിപ്പിക്കാതെ
ജീവിക്കുക.
ഒരു കാർട്ടൂൺ ആയിരിക്കാം
43 വാക്യം. നന്നായി പരിശീലനം ലഭിച്ച മനസ്സ് ആളുകളെ പുറത്താക്കുന്നു
ഒരാളുടെ അമ്മ, ഒരാളുടെ പിതാവ്,
മറ്റേതെങ്കിലും ബന്ധുക്കൾ എന്തുചെയ്യേണം,
നന്നായി സംവിധാനം ചെയ്ത മനസ്സ് തീർച്ചയായും
കൂടുതൽ നല്ലത് ചെയ്യാൻ കഴിയും.
വിശദീകരണം: നന്നായി നിർദ്ദേശിച്ച ചിന്തകൾക്ക് ഒരാളുടെ അച്ഛനോ ഒരാളുടെ അമ്മയേക്കാൾ മികച്ച വ്യക്തിയെ സഹായിക്കും.
HOW TO STOP THE MIND’S CHATTER | A BUDDHIST STORY |
Words of Wisdom
110K subscribers
If
you want to stop thoughts in your head and want to know how to control
your mind then listen to this Bodhidharma real story who was successor
of Gautam buddha. In this buddhism story you will answer to your
question that how to calm your mind.
you want to stop thoughts in your head and want to know how to control
your mind then listen to this Bodhidharma real story who was successor
of Gautam buddha. In this buddhism story you will answer to your
question that how to calm your mind.
Website : https://wordsofwisdomquotes.com/
Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/Words-of-wis
Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/wordsofwisd…
Pinterest : https://in.pinterest.com/wordsofwisdo…
youtube.com
HOW TO STOP THE MIND’S CHATTER .
If
you want to stop thoughts in your head and want to know how to control
your mind then listen to this Bodhidharma real story who was successor
of Gautam bu…
you want to stop thoughts in your head and want to know how to control
your mind then listen to this Bodhidharma real story who was successor
of Gautam bu…
73) Classical Marathi-क्लासिकल माओरी,
सत्य च्या ट्रेझरी 3 शास्त्रीय मराठी मध्ये सकारात्मक छंद- क्लासिकल मादेश
वचन 33. ज्ञानी व्यक्ती मन सरळ करते
मनावर चिडचिड, अस्वस्थ,
तपासणी करणे कठिण आणि तपासणी करणे कठीण आहे,
शहाणपण एक सरळ renders
बाण-निर्माता एक शाफ्ट म्हणून.
स्पष्टीकरण:
धमपाडा मध्ये फ्लेचर च्या हस्तकला करण्यासाठी अनेक संदर्भ आहेत. बुद्धाने
प्रक्रिया पाहिली आहे ज्याद्वारे एक फ्लेचर सामान्य स्टिकला एक कार्यक्षम
बाण-शाफ्टमध्ये रूपांतरित करते. मनाचे अनुकरण करणे समांतर प्रक्रिया म्हणून
पाहिले जाते. या स्टेन्झामध्ये बुद्ध म्हणतो की शहाणा माणूस सरळ सरळ असतो
आणि रक्षण करणे कठीण आहे जे रक्षण करणे कठीण आहे, जसे एक फ्लेचर एक
बाण-शाफ्ट सरळ आहे.
धमपाडा मध्ये फ्लेचर च्या हस्तकला करण्यासाठी अनेक संदर्भ आहेत. बुद्धाने
प्रक्रिया पाहिली आहे ज्याद्वारे एक फ्लेचर सामान्य स्टिकला एक कार्यक्षम
बाण-शाफ्टमध्ये रूपांतरित करते. मनाचे अनुकरण करणे समांतर प्रक्रिया म्हणून
पाहिले जाते. या स्टेन्झामध्ये बुद्ध म्हणतो की शहाणा माणूस सरळ सरळ असतो
आणि रक्षण करणे कठीण आहे जे रक्षण करणे कठीण आहे, जसे एक फ्लेचर एक
बाण-शाफ्ट सरळ आहे.
वचन 35. प्रतिबंधित मन आनंद मिळतो
तपासणी करणे कठीण आहे
आणि वेगवान, ते जे हवे आहे त्यावर पडते.
मनाचे प्रशिक्षण चांगले आहे,
मनामुळे मनापासून आनंद मिळतो.
स्पष्टीकरण:
मन अत्यंत सूक्ष्म आहे आणि पाहणे कठीण आहे. ते इच्छित असलेल्या कोणत्याही
लक्ष्यवर ते संलग्न करते. सुज्ञ मनाचे रक्षण करतात. संरक्षित मन आनंद आणते.
मन अत्यंत सूक्ष्म आहे आणि पाहणे कठीण आहे. ते इच्छित असलेल्या कोणत्याही
लक्ष्यवर ते संलग्न करते. सुज्ञ मनाचे रक्षण करतात. संरक्षित मन आनंद आणते.
वचन 36. संरक्षित मन आनंद मिळतो
मन पाहणे खूप कठीण आहे
आणि शोधा, ते जे हवे आहे त्यावर पडते.
जो माणूस शहाणा आहे तो मनाचे रक्षण करेल,
एक संरक्षित मन आनंद आणते.
स्पष्टीकरण:
मन इतके वेगाने फिरते की ते पूर्णपणे धारण करणे कठीण आहे. ते वेगवान आहे.
त्यास जे आवडते त्यावर लक्ष केंद्रित करण्याचा एक मार्ग आहे. मनात अडथळा
आणण्याचा हा चांगला आणि चांगला फायदा आहे. आत्मा मन आनंद आणतो.
मन इतके वेगाने फिरते की ते पूर्णपणे धारण करणे कठीण आहे. ते वेगवान आहे.
त्यास जे आवडते त्यावर लक्ष केंद्रित करण्याचा एक मार्ग आहे. मनात अडथळा
आणण्याचा हा चांगला आणि चांगला फायदा आहे. आत्मा मन आनंद आणतो.
वचन 37. मृत्यूच्या चादरीने मरण पावले जाऊ शकते
दूर दूर, सर्व फक्त एकट्या भटकणे,
एक गुहेत निरुपयोगी, रिक्त.
ते माराच्या बॉण्ड्समधून मुक्त असतील
हे मन कोणास प्रतिबंधित करते.
स्पष्टीकरण:
मन किंवा दक्षिण, पूर्व किंवा पश्चिम - कोणत्याही दिशेने - मन विशाल अंतर
प्रवास करण्यास सक्षम आहे. हे भूतकाळातील किंवा भविष्यात प्रवास करू शकते.
तो एकट्या बद्दल rams. हे कोणत्याही संवेदनशील स्वरूपात नाही. जर एखादी
व्यक्ती मन पूर्णपणे नियंत्रित करायची असेल तर तो मृत्यूच्या बंधनेतून
स्वातंत्र्य प्राप्त करेल.
मन किंवा दक्षिण, पूर्व किंवा पश्चिम - कोणत्याही दिशेने - मन विशाल अंतर
प्रवास करण्यास सक्षम आहे. हे भूतकाळातील किंवा भविष्यात प्रवास करू शकते.
तो एकट्या बद्दल rams. हे कोणत्याही संवेदनशील स्वरूपात नाही. जर एखादी
व्यक्ती मन पूर्णपणे नियंत्रित करायची असेल तर तो मृत्यूच्या बंधनेतून
स्वातंत्र्य प्राप्त करेल.
वचन 3 9. वाइड-जागृत आहे
एक अस्पष्ट मन एक,
एक मन जो जखम झालेला नाही,
वाईट, मेरिट देखील सोडणे,
एक सावध राहा.
स्पष्टीकरण:
जो मन आहे त्या व्यक्तीने उत्कटतेने, अपरिभाषित नाही, अयोग्य इच्छेने आणि
जे चांगले आणि वाईट दोन्हीपेक्षा जास्त वाढले आहे, त्याला भीती वाटत नाही
कारण तो जागृत झाला आहे.
जो मन आहे त्या व्यक्तीने उत्कटतेने, अपरिभाषित नाही, अयोग्य इच्छेने आणि
जे चांगले आणि वाईट दोन्हीपेक्षा जास्त वाढले आहे, त्याला भीती वाटत नाही
कारण तो जागृत झाला आहे.
वचन 40. मृत्यूचा पराभव करण्यासाठी शस्त्रे
हे यूआरएन सारखे शरीर ओळखले जात आहे,
या मनाला किल्ला टाऊन म्हणून बांधले,
शहाणपणासह एक झुडूप एक मारा
लूट, unattached असताना.
स्पष्टीकरण:
शरीराला असुरक्षित, नाजूक, अपयश आणि सहज विघटित म्हणून विचार करणे
यथार्थवादी आहे. खरं तर, एक माती पोत म्हणून याचा विचार केला पाहिजे. मन एक
शहर म्हणून विचार केला पाहिजे. शहराचे संरक्षण करण्यासाठी सतत सावधगिरी
बाळगणे आवश्यक आहे. वाईट गोष्टींच्या शहाणपणाच्या शहाणपणाचा सामना करावा
लागतो. युद्धानंतर, एकदा आपण विजय प्राप्त केला की, प्राणघातक आत्म्याशिवाय
थेट राहा.
शरीराला असुरक्षित, नाजूक, अपयश आणि सहज विघटित म्हणून विचार करणे
यथार्थवादी आहे. खरं तर, एक माती पोत म्हणून याचा विचार केला पाहिजे. मन एक
शहर म्हणून विचार केला पाहिजे. शहराचे संरक्षण करण्यासाठी सतत सावधगिरी
बाळगणे आवश्यक आहे. वाईट गोष्टींच्या शहाणपणाच्या शहाणपणाचा सामना करावा
लागतो. युद्धानंतर, एकदा आपण विजय प्राप्त केला की, प्राणघातक आत्म्याशिवाय
थेट राहा.
एक कार्टून असू शकते
वचन 43. प्रशिक्षित मन लोकांना उत्कृष्ट करते
आईची काय आहे, कोणाचे वडील,
इतर काहीही करू शकते,
खरोखर दिग्दर्शित मन
जास्त चांगले करू शकता.
स्पष्टीकरण: सुप्रसिद्ध विचार एखाद्या व्यक्तीच्या वडिलांपेक्षा किंवा आपल्या आईपेक्षा चांगले मदत करू शकतात.
Hobbies Vocabulary and Pattern Practice for Kids (I like ~ / I love ~ ) by ELF Learning
ELF Kids Videos
665K subscribers
Practice
saying what you like or love to do with this slow and gentle video from
ELF Learning. Also practice frequency phrases (once a week / 4 times a
week) and more! A good resources for teachers in ESL and EFL
environments.
saying what you like or love to do with this slow and gentle video from
ELF Learning. Also practice frequency phrases (once a week / 4 times a
week) and more! A good resources for teachers in ESL and EFL
environments.
Make sure you subscribe and never miss a video: https://www.youtube.com/user/omigrad?…
To Watch Other Superhit learning videos, Click here: https://goo.gl/DiYWbM
Phrases include:
I love baking. I bake with my mom.
I like ballet. I go twice a week.
I like baseball. I play twice a week.
I like cooking. I cook with my dad.
I love dancing. I dance by myself.
I love drawing. I draw in my room.
I love gymnastics. I go 5 times a week.
I love karate. I go every day.
I love music. I listen to music in my room.
I like piano. I go once a week.
I like playing. I play with my friends.
I love reading. I read every day.
I like soccer. I play once a week.
I love swimming. I swim 5 times a week.
I like TV. I watch TV in the living room.
I like video games. I play in the living room.
—————-
Get our 1st CD - Let’s Take A Walk:
Amazon: http://goo.gl/qIWhGU
Get our 2nd CD - Classroom Classics
Amazon: http://goo.gl/z7clDu
Get our Halloween Song - Halloween Peek-A-Boo!
Amazon: http://goo.gl/YwZKQJ
Like Us on
Connect with us on G+: https://plus.google.com/+ELFKidsVideos
Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/elflearning
Tweet us your favourite videos on: https://twitter.com/ELFLearning
—-
ELF
Learning creates songs, videos and other learning materials for kids
all over the world. Based in Japan, we publish books, CDs, DVDs and of
course…learning videos!
Learning creates songs, videos and other learning materials for kids
all over the world. Based in Japan, we publish books, CDs, DVDs and of
course…learning videos!
Our videos are designed for children ages 2~10 and cover a wide range of topics.
Our
song videos are a mix of original and classic children’s songs. We try
hard to add the ELF touch - clear vocals, different genres and lots of
FUN!
song videos are a mix of original and classic children’s songs. We try
hard to add the ELF touch - clear vocals, different genres and lots of
FUN!
Our learning videos cover vocabulary, phrases and patterns perfect for the ESL and EFL classroom.
Many
of our videos work well with special needs children, especially those
with Autistic Disorder, Speech and Language Impairments and Speech,
Reading and Learning Disabilities. We often receive emails from parents
thanking us for helping their child learn to speak or read and each
time it makes our day!
of our videos work well with special needs children, especially those
with Autistic Disorder, Speech and Language Impairments and Speech,
Reading and Learning Disabilities. We often receive emails from parents
thanking us for helping their child learn to speak or read and each
time it makes our day!
You can learn more about ELF Learning here:
Our School: http://elfkids.jp/
Visit Our Website: https://www.elflearning.jp
Alternate YouTube Page (for teachers and material support): https://www.youtube.com/user/ELFLearning
ELF Learning - Everyone Loves FUN Learning!
youtube.com
Hobbies Vocabulary and Pattern Practice for Kids (I like ~ / I love ~ ) by ELF Learning