On one occasion, the Bhagavā was staying at Varanasi in the Deer Grove at Isipatana.
There, he addressed the group of five bhikkhus:
These
two extremes, bhikkhus, should not be adopted by one who has gone forth
from the home life. Which two? On one hand, the devotion to hedonism
towards kāma, which is inferior, vulgar, common, an·ariya, deprived of
benefit, and on the other hand the devotion to self-mortification, which
is dukkha, an·ariya, deprived of benefit. Without going to these two
extremes, bhikkhus, the Tathāgata has fully awaken to the majjhima
paṭipada, which produces vision, which produces ñāṇa, and leads to
appeasement, to abhiñña, to sambodhi, to Nibbāna.
And
what, bhikkhus, is the majjhima paṭipada to which the Tathāgata has
fully awaken, which produces vision, which produces ñāṇa, and leads to
appeasement, to abhiñña, to sambodhi, to Nibbāna? It is, bhikkhus, this
ariya aṭṭhaṅgika magga, that is to say: sammā·diṭṭhi sammā·saṅkappa
sammā·vācā sammā·kammanta sammā·ājīva sammā·vāyāma sammā·sati
sammā·samādhi. This, bhikkhus, is the majjhima paṭipada to which the
Tathāgata has awaken, which produces vision, which produces ñāṇa, and
leads to appeasement, to abhiñña, to sambodhi, to Nibbāna.
Furthermore,
bhikkhus, this is the dukkha ariya·sacca: jāti is dukkha, jarā is
dukkha (sickness is dukkha) maraṇa is dukkha, association with what is
disliked is dukkha, dissociation from what is liked is dukkha, not to
get what one wants is dukkha; in short, the five upādāna’k'khandhas are
dukkha.
Furthermore,
bhikkhus, this is the dukkha·samudaya ariya·sacca: this taṇhā leading to
rebirth, connected with desire and enjoyment, finding delight here or
there, that is to say: kāma-taṇhā, bhava-taṇhā and vibhava-taṇhā.
Furthermore,
bhikkhus, this is the dukkha·nirodha ariya·sacca: the complete virāga,
nirodha, abandoning, forsaking, emancipation and freedom from that very
taṇhā.
Furthermore,
bhikkhus, this is the dukkha·nirodha·gāminī paṭipada ariya·sacca: just
this ariya aṭṭhaṅgika magga, that is to say: sammā·diṭṭhi,
sammā·saṅkappa, sammā·vācā sammā·kammanta, sammā·ājīva, sammā·vāyāma,
sammā·sati and sammā·samādhi.
‘This
is the dukkha ariyasacca’: in me, bhikkhus, in regard to things unheard
before, the eye arose, the ñāṇa arose, the paññā arose, the vijjā
arose, the light arose. ‘Now, this dukkha ariyasacca is to be completely
known’: in me, bhikkhus, in regard to things unheard before, the eye
arose, the ñāṇa arose, the paññā arose, the vijjā arose, the light
arose. ‘Now, this dukkha ariyasacca has been completely known’: in me,
bhikkhus, in regard to things unheard before, the eye arose, the ñāṇa
arose, the paññā arose, the vijjā arose, the light arose.
‘This
is the dukkha·samudaya ariyasacca’: in me, bhikkhus, in regard to
things unheard before, the eye arose, the ñāṇa arose, the paññā arose,
the vijjā arose, the light arose. ‘Now, this dukkha·samudaya ariyasacca
is to be abandoned’: in me, bhikkhus, in regard to things unheard
before, the eye arose, the ñāṇa arose, the paññā arose, the vijjā arose,
the light arose. ‘Now, this dukkha·samudaya ariyasacca has been
abandoned’: in me, bhikkhus, in regard to things unheard before, the eye
arose, the ñāṇa arose, the paññā arose, the vijjā arose, the light
arose.
‘This is the
dukkha·nirodha ariyasacca’: in me, bhikkhus, in regard to things unheard
before, the eye arose, the ñāṇa arose, the paññā arose, the vijjā
arose, the light arose. ‘Now, this dukkha·nirodha ariyasacca is to be
personally experienced’: in me, bhikkhus, in regard to things unheard
before, the eye arose, the ñāṇa arose, the paññā arose, the vijjā arose,
the light arose. ‘Now, this dukkha·nirodha ariyasacca has been
personally experienced’: in me, bhikkhus, in regard to things unheard
before, the eye arose, the ñāṇa arose, the paññā arose, the vijjā arose,
the light arose.
‘This
is the dukkha·nirodha·gāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca’: in me, bhikkhus, in
regard to things unheard before, the eye arose, the ñāṇa arose, the
paññā arose, the vijjā arose, the light arose. ‘Now, this
dukkha·nirodha·gāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca is to be developed’: in me,
bhikkhus, in regard to things unheard before, the eye arose, the ñāṇa
arose, the paññā arose, the vijjā arose, the light arose. ‘Now, this
dukkha·nirodha·gāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca has been developed’: in me,
bhikkhus, in regard to things unheard before, the eye arose, the ñāṇa
arose, the paññā arose, the vijjā arose, the light arose.
And
so long, bhikkhus, as my yathā·bhūtaṃ knowledge and vision of these
four ariyasaccas in these twelve ways by triads was not quite pure, I
did not claim in the loka with its devas, with its Māras, with its
Brahmās, with the samaṇas and brahmins, in this generation with its
devas and humans, to have fully awakened to the supreme sammā·sambodhi.
But
when, bhikkhus, my yathā·bhūtaṃ knowledge and vision of these four
ariyasaccas in these twelve ways by triads was quite pure, I claimed in
the loka with its devas, with its Māras, with its Brahmās, with the
samaṇas and brahmins, in this generation with its devas and humans, to
have fully awakened to the supreme sammā·sambodhi. And the knowledge and
vision arose in me: ‘my vimutti is unshakeable, this is my last jāti,
now there is no further bhava.
This
is what the Bhagavā said. Delighted, the groupe of five bhikkhus
approved of the Bhagavā’s words. And while this exposition was being
spoken, there arose in āyasmā Koṇḍañña the Dhamma eye which is free from
passion and stainless: ‘all that has the nature of samudaya has the
nature of nirodha’.
And
when the Bhagavā had set in motion the Wheel of Dhamma, the devas of the
earth proclaimed aloud: ‘At Varanasi, in the Deer Grove at Isipatana,
the Bhagavā has set in motion the supreme Wheel of Dhamma, which cannot
be stopped by samaṇas or brahmins, devas, Māras, Brahmā or anyone in the
world.’
Having heard
the cry of the devas of the earth, the Cātumahārājika devas proclaimed
aloud: ‘At Varanasi, in the Deer Grove at Isipatana, the Bhagavā has set
in motion the supreme Wheel of Dhamma, which cannot be stopped by
samaṇas or brahmins, devas, Māras, Brahmā or anyone in the world.’
Having
heard the cry of the Cātumahārājika devas, the Tāvatiṃsa devas
proclaimed aloud: ‘At Varanasi, in the Deer Grove at Isipatana, the
Bhagavā has set in motion the supreme Wheel of Dhamma, which cannot be
stopped by samaṇas or brahmins, devas, Māras, Brahmā or anyone in the
world.’
Having heard the
cry of the Tāvatiṃsa devas, the Yāma devas proclaimed aloud: ‘At
Varanasi, in the Deer Grove at Isipatana, the Bhagavā has set in motion
the supreme Wheel of Dhamma, which cannot be stopped by samaṇas or
brahmins, devas, Māras, Brahmā or anyone in the world.’
Having
heard the cry of the Yāma devas, the Tusitā devas proclaimed aloud: ‘At
Varanasi, in the Deer Grove at Isipatana, the Bhagavā has set in motion
the supreme Wheel of Dhamma, which cannot be stopped by samaṇas or
brahmins, devas, Māras, Brahmā or anyone in the world.’
Having
heard the cry of the Tusitā devas, the Nimmānarati devas proclaimed
aloud: ‘At Varanasi, in the Deer Grove at Isipatana, the Bhagavā has set
in motion the supreme Wheel of Dhamma, which cannot be stopped by
samaṇas or brahmins, devas, Māras, Brahmā or anyone in the world.’
Having
heard the cry of the Nimmānarati devas, the Paranimmitavasavatti devas
proclaimed aloud: ‘At Varanasi, in the Deer Grove at Isipatana, the
Bhagavā has set in motion the supreme Wheel of Dhamma, which cannot be
stopped by samaṇas or brahmins, devas, Māras, Brahmā or anyone in the
world.’
Having heard the
cry of the Paranimmitavasavatti devas, the brahmakāyika devas
proclaimed aloud: ‘At Varanasi, in the Deer Grove at Isipatana, the
Bhagavā has set in motion the supreme Wheel of Dhamma, which cannot be
stopped by samaṇas or brahmins, devas, Māras, Brahmā or anyone in the
world.’
Thus in that
moment, in that instant, the cry diffused up to Brahma·loka. And this
ten thousandfold world system shook, quaked, and trembled, and a great,
boundless radiance appeared in the world, surpassing the effulgence of
the devas
Then the
Bhagavā uttered this udāna: ‘Koṇḍañña really understood! Koṇḍañña really
understood!’ And that is how āyasmā Koṇḍañña acquired the name
‘Aññāsi·Koṇḍañña’.
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